Automatic reversing device for hopper and material taking mechanism

Abstract

The present application relates to bulk material handling machinery technical field, provide a kind of automatic reversing device of hopper and material taking mechanism, wherein, disclose a kind of automatic reversing device of hopper, including two-way brake mechanism and pressure rotating mechanism, two-way brake mechanism is arranged on hopper rotating shaft and can be switched back and forth between clockwise direction brake state and counterclockwise direction brake state, pressure rotating mechanism can exert pressure on the curved surface of hopper and drive hopper to rotate around hopper rotating shaft;Still disclose a kind of material taking mechanism, including fixed steel frame, bucket wheel body, hopper rotating shaft and hopper, also include the automatic reversing device of hopper disclosed in the present application.The present application can realize complete automatic reversing, satisfy the requirement of unmanned, intelligent of whole machine equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bulk material handling machinery technology, and more particularly to an automatic hopper reversing device and a material handling mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] Bridge-type, gantry-type, and roller-type material reclaimers or excavators used in steel plants, docks, mines, and other sites need to be equipped with bidirectional buckets on their material reclaiming (digging) mechanisms to enable material reclaiming (digging) operations in both forward and backward directions, thereby improving the utilization rate of the material yard and the working efficiency of the equipment.

[0003] Existing bidirectional buckets typically unlock, flip, and lock the buckets manually or automatically. In manual bucket reversal mechanisms, the bucket is fixed to the bucket wheel body using pins or bolts. When reversing, the pins or bolts need to be manually removed, the bucket manually flipped, and then fixed in place again using pins or bolts.

[0004] Manual mode requires operators to overcome loads from the bucket's own weight, accumulated material, and friction. These loads are extremely high in large reclaimers or excavators, sometimes reaching 10-20 kN, far exceeding the limits of human endurance. Therefore, manually tilting the bucket is uncontrolled and dangerous. Furthermore, to tilt the bucket, operators must enter easily accessible but hazardous areas, further increasing the risk of accidents. Bridge-type double bucket wheel reclaimers typically have close to 20 buckets, requiring operators to tilt each bucket individually, which is extremely time-consuming and costly.

[0005] Patent documents CN201811513974.4 and CN201822076166.8 disclose a bidirectional feeding hopper for a bucket wheel mixing and feeding machine. This is essentially a fixed, bidirectional open hopper, fixed to the bucket wheel body during use. When reversing the feeding direction is needed, only the motor or other drive device needs to rotate in the opposite direction, driving the bucket wheel body to rotate in the opposite direction, without requiring the hopper to change direction. However, due to its fixed double-opening structure, this hopper is too large, utilizing only half of its space during feeding operations, reducing hopper space utilization by approximately 50%. Furthermore, this reduced utilization means that only half the number of hoppers can be installed on the bucket wheel body, significantly decreasing the overall production efficiency of the equipment. In addition, the hopper's shape design is unreasonable, resulting in severe wear during use. Its excessive size also increases feeding resistance, greatly reducing its service life and rendering it impractical.

[0006] Patent document CN201921117533.2 discloses a bridge-type mixing and reclaiming machine's non-disassembly reversing hopper device. Its hydraulic push rod has two limit switches, which limit the extension of the hydraulic push rod, thereby determining the bucket wheel's 90° rotation and achieving the reversing action. In reality, the hopper and bucket wheel are rotating components, connected to the fixed structure via support rollers. The limit switches cannot function via cable wiring. This non-disassembly reversing hopper is merely a hopper that does not require disassembly; to achieve the reversing function, manual extension and retraction of the hydraulic push rod is still required, making it not an automatic reversing hopper device.

[0007] Patent document CN201280013567.1 discloses an automatic hopper tilting device. This device can automatically tilt the hopper, but its conversion mechanism is large in size and bears a heavy load during use. Because the conversion mechanism has a raised sliding track inside, it is difficult to precisely match the tilting pin on the hopper, leading to jamming and vibration during operation. The movable module supporting the conversion mechanism is complex and bulky, occupying a significant amount of space on one side of the hopper platform. This affects the arrangement and maintenance of other major components such as the bucket wheel drive and bucket wheel support rollers, posing significant limitations. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In response to the aforementioned technical problems, an automatic hopper reversing device and a material handling mechanism are provided.

[0009] The technical means employed in this invention are as follows:

[0010] In a first aspect, an automatic hopper reversing device includes a bidirectional braking mechanism and a pressure rotation mechanism. The bidirectional braking mechanism is mounted on the hopper's rotating shaft and can switch between clockwise and counterclockwise braking states. When the bidirectional braking mechanism is in the clockwise braking state, the hopper cannot rotate clockwise around the hopper's rotating shaft but can rotate counterclockwise. When the bidirectional braking mechanism is in the counterclockwise braking state, the hopper cannot rotate counterclockwise around the hopper's rotating shaft but can rotate clockwise. The pressure rotation mechanism can apply pressure to the curved surface of the hopper. When the bidirectional braking mechanism is in the clockwise braking state and the hopper rotates clockwise around the axis of the bucket wheel body under the drive of the bucket wheel body, the hopper can rotate counterclockwise around the hopper's rotating shaft under the drive of the pressure rotation mechanism. When the bidirectional braking mechanism is in the counterclockwise braking state and the hopper rotates counterclockwise around the axis of the bucket wheel body under the drive of the bucket wheel body, the hopper can rotate clockwise around the hopper's rotating shaft under the drive of the pressure rotation mechanism.

[0011] Furthermore, the bidirectional braking mechanism includes a bidirectional ratchet mechanism, which comprises a mounting base, a braking ratchet, a clockwise braking pawl, a counterclockwise braking pawl, a first return spring, and a second return spring. The mounting base has a mounting groove and is fixedly mounted on the bucket wheel body. The braking ratchet is rotatably mounted in the mounting groove and coaxially fixedly mounted on the hopper's rotating shaft. Both the clockwise and counterclockwise braking pawls are rotatably mounted in the mounting groove and can respectively engage with the left and right sides of the braking ratchet. When the clockwise braking pawl... When the brake pawl engages with the left side of the brake ratchet and disengages from the right side of the brake ratchet in a counter-clockwise direction, the bidirectional braking mechanism is in a clockwise braking state. When the clockwise brake pawl disengages from the left side of the brake ratchet and the counter-clockwise brake pawl engages with the right side of the brake ratchet, the bidirectional braking mechanism is in a counter-clockwise braking state. The two ends of the first return spring are respectively fixedly installed on the side wall of the mounting groove and the clockwise brake pawl, and the two ends of the second return spring are respectively fixedly installed on the side wall of the mounting groove and the counter-clockwise brake pawl.

[0012] Furthermore, the bidirectional braking mechanism also includes a cam reversing switch, which includes a cam rotating shaft, a reversing cam, and a forked portion. The cam rotating shaft is rotatably mounted in the mounting groove and located between the clockwise brake pawl and the counterclockwise brake pawl. The reversing cam is fixedly mounted on the cam rotating shaft and abuts against the clockwise brake pawl and the counterclockwise brake pawl, respectively. When the reversing cam rotates clockwise, the clockwise brake pawl engages with the left side of the brake ratchet and the counterclockwise brake pawl disengages from the right side of the brake ratchet. When the reversing cam rotates counterclockwise, the clockwise brake pawl disengages from the left side of the brake ratchet and the counterclockwise brake pawl engages with the right side of the brake ratchet. The forked portion is fixedly mounted on the cam rotating shaft.

[0013] Furthermore, the bidirectional braking mechanism also includes a first shift fork mechanism and a second shift fork mechanism; the first shift fork mechanism includes a first telescopic mechanism and a first shift fork rod, the fixed end of the first telescopic mechanism is fixedly installed on the left side of the fixed steel frame, the first shift fork rod is fixedly installed on the telescopic end of the first telescopic mechanism, and the first shift fork rod can extend into the fork opening of the fork portion under the drive of the first telescopic mechanism; the second shift fork mechanism includes a second telescopic mechanism and a second shift fork rod, the fixed end of the second telescopic mechanism is fixedly installed on the right side of the fixed steel frame, the second shift fork rod is fixedly installed on the telescopic end of the second telescopic mechanism, and the second shift fork rod can extend into the fork opening of the fork portion under the drive of the second telescopic mechanism.

[0014] Furthermore, the pressure rotation mechanism includes a guide rail, a pressure rod, and a compression spring; the axial direction of the guide rail is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, the top end of the guide rail is fixedly installed on the top end of the fixed steel frame, the pressure rod is slidably installed on the guide rail and can apply pressure to the curved surface of the hopper, and the two ends of the compression spring are respectively fixedly installed on the top end of the fixed steel frame and the pressure rod.

[0015] In a second aspect, a material handling mechanism includes a fixed steel frame, a bucket wheel body, a bucket rotating shaft, and a bucket. The bucket wheel body is a circular wheel-shaped structure with its axis parallel to the horizontal plane. The bucket wheel body is rotatably mounted on the fixed steel frame and located directly below the top of the fixed steel frame. The bucket rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the curved surface of the bucket wheel body, and the bucket is fixedly mounted on the bucket rotating shaft. The mechanism also includes an automatic bucket reversing device as described in any one of the first aspects. The mounting base of the automatic bucket reversing device is fixedly mounted on the bucket wheel body. The brake ratchet of the automatic bucket reversing device is coaxially fixedly mounted on the bucket rotating shaft. The first telescopic mechanism and the second telescopic mechanism of the automatic bucket reversing device are respectively fixedly mounted on the left and right sides of the fixed steel frame. The top end of the guide rail of the automatic bucket reversing device is fixedly mounted on the top end of the fixed steel frame. The pressure rod of the automatic bucket reversing device can apply pressure to the curved surface of the bucket.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0017] 1. In this invention, when the hopper needs to rotate counterclockwise around its rotation axis to the desired position, the operator controls the bucket wheel to rotate clockwise and controls the first telescopic mechanism to extend the first shift fork into the fork opening of the fork section. The fork section, cam rotation axis, and reversing cam will then rotate clockwise under the drive of the first shift fork. At this time, the clockwise brake pawl engages with the left side of the brake ratchet, and the counterclockwise brake pawl separates from the right side of the brake ratchet. The bidirectional braking mechanism is in a clockwise braking state. When the hopper contacts the pressure rod and the compression spring is compressed, the pressure rod can apply pressure to the curved surface of the hopper, and the hopper will rotate counterclockwise under the drive of the pressure rod. The needle rotates to the correct position. When the hopper needs to rotate clockwise around its rotation axis, the operator controls the bucket wheel to rotate counterclockwise and controls the second telescopic mechanism to extend the second shift fork into the fork opening of the fork section. The fork section, cam rotation shaft, and reversing cam will then rotate counterclockwise under the drive of the second shift fork. At this time, the clockwise brake pawl separates from the left side of the brake ratchet, and the counterclockwise brake pawl engages with the right side of the brake ratchet. The bidirectional braking mechanism is in a counterclockwise braking state. When the hopper contacts the pressure rod and the compression spring is compressed, the pressure rod can apply pressure to the curved surface of the hopper, and the hopper will rotate clockwise under the drive of the pressure rod. This invention can achieve fully automatic reversing, meeting the requirements of unmanned and intelligent operation of the entire machine.

[0018] 2. This invention provides an automatic hopper reversing device and a material handling mechanism, which can greatly improve equipment utilization and operating efficiency, while greatly reducing the workload and time of manual operations, completely avoiding the occurrence of safety accidents, and improving the production capacity of the equipment.

[0019] 3. In this invention, the inherent form of the hopper is not changed, while the resistance during operation is reduced, thus ensuring the production capacity of the equipment.

[0020] 4. In this invention, the entire process of hopper reversal is fully automated, which reduces the labor intensity of manual operations, improves equipment utilization efficiency, and eliminates the need for operators to enter the swinging area of ​​the hopper, thus avoiding the occurrence of safety accidents.

[0021] 5. In this invention, there is no need to occupy the space of the side platform, and the overall structural weight and cost are reduced. In particular, a two-way ratchet mechanism is adopted at the rotating shaft of the hopper and a pressure rotation mechanism is set above the bucket wheel body. The two-way ratchet mechanism and the pressure rotation mechanism can prevent the hopper from free falling after rotating 45°, and avoid the impact, vibration and noise of the hopper on the bucket wheel body under the action of gravity. Moreover, the automatic hopper reversing device provided by this invention does not require precise dimensional matching between the hopper and the hopper. It is a completely mechanical structure with high reliability.

[0022] 6. In this invention, no additional components are required on the hopper; the automatic tilting of the hopper can be achieved using only a bidirectional ratchet mechanism and a pressure rotation mechanism. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a left-side structural diagram of an automatic hopper reversing device and a material handling mechanism according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is an overall structural diagram of the bidirectional braking mechanism in the present invention when it is in a counterclockwise braking state;

[0026] Figure 3 This is an overall structural diagram of the bidirectional braking mechanism in the present invention when it is in a clockwise braking state;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a right-side structural diagram of an automatic hopper reversing device and a material handling mechanism according to the present invention.

[0028] Figure 5 This is an overall structural diagram of the pressure rotation mechanism in this invention;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the present invention when the hopper begins to reverse and flip.

[0030] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the present invention in the hopper reversing and tilting process;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of the present invention when the hopper reversal and flipping are completed;

[0032] Reference numerals: 1-Fixed steel frame; 2-Bucket wheel body; 3-Bucket rotating shaft; 4-Bucket; 5-Two-way braking mechanism; 6-Pressure rotating mechanism; 501-Brake ratchet; 502-Cam rotating shaft; 503-Clockwise brake pawl; 504-First return spring; 505-Mounting seat; 506-Reversing cam; 507-Counterclockwise brake pawl; 508-Second return spring; 509-First shift fork lever; 510-First telescopic mechanism; 511-Fork section; 512-Second telescopic mechanism; 513-Second shift fork lever; 601-Pressure rod; 602-Guide rail; 603-Compression spring. Detailed Implementation

[0033] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0036] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0037] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. The directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0038] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "over," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation besides the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is inverted, a device described as "above" or "above" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0039] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

[0040] Example 1:

[0041] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, an automatic hopper reversing device includes a bidirectional braking mechanism 5 and a pressure rotation mechanism 6. The bidirectional braking mechanism 5 is mounted on the hopper rotation shaft 3 and can switch between clockwise and counterclockwise braking states. When the bidirectional braking mechanism 5 is in the clockwise braking state, the hopper 4 cannot rotate clockwise around the hopper rotation shaft 3 but can rotate counterclockwise around the hopper rotation shaft 3. When the bidirectional braking mechanism 5 is in the counterclockwise braking state, the hopper 4 cannot rotate counterclockwise around the hopper rotation shaft 3 but can rotate counterclockwise around the hopper rotation shaft 3. Clockwise rotation; the pressure rotation mechanism 6 can apply pressure to the curved surface of the hopper 4. When the bidirectional braking mechanism 5 is in a clockwise braking state and the hopper 4 rotates clockwise around the axis of the bucket wheel body 2 under the drive of the bucket wheel body 2, the hopper 4 can rotate counterclockwise around the hopper rotation axis 3 under the drive of the pressure rotation mechanism 6. When the bidirectional braking mechanism 5 is in a counterclockwise braking state and the hopper 4 rotates counterclockwise around the axis of the bucket wheel body 2 under the drive of the bucket wheel body 2, the hopper 4 can rotate clockwise around the hopper rotation axis 3 under the drive of the pressure rotation mechanism 6.

[0042] In this embodiment, the bidirectional braking mechanism 5 includes a bidirectional ratchet mechanism, which includes a mounting base 505, a braking ratchet 501, a clockwise braking pawl 503, a counterclockwise braking pawl 507, a first return spring 504, and a second return spring 508. The mounting base 505 has a mounting groove and is fixedly mounted on the bucket wheel body 2. The braking ratchet 501 is rotatably mounted in the mounting groove and coaxially fixedly mounted on the hopper rotating shaft 3. The clockwise braking pawl 503 and the counterclockwise braking pawl 507 are both rotatably mounted in the mounting groove and can respectively engage with the left and right sides of the braking ratchet 501. When the clockwise braking pawl... When brake pawl 503 engages with the left side of brake ratchet 501 and brake pawl 507 disengages from the right side of brake ratchet 501 in a counterclockwise direction, the bidirectional braking mechanism 5 is in a clockwise braking state. When brake pawl 503 disengages from the left side of brake ratchet 501 in a clockwise direction and brake pawl 507 engages with the right side of brake ratchet 501 in a counterclockwise direction, the bidirectional braking mechanism 5 is in a counterclockwise braking state. The two ends of the first return spring 504 are respectively fixedly installed on the side wall of the mounting groove and the clockwise brake pawl 503, and the two ends of the second return spring 508 are respectively fixedly installed on the side wall of the mounting groove and the counterclockwise brake pawl 507.

[0043] In this embodiment, the bidirectional braking mechanism 5 further includes a cam reversing switch, which includes a cam rotation shaft 502, a reversing cam 506, and a fork portion 511. The cam rotation shaft 502 is rotatably mounted in the mounting groove and located between the clockwise brake pawl 503 and the counterclockwise brake pawl 507. The reversing cam 506 is fixedly mounted on the cam rotation shaft 502 and abuts against the clockwise brake pawl 503 and the counterclockwise brake pawl 507 respectively. When the reversing cam 506 rotates clockwise, the clockwise brake pawl 503 engages with the left side of the brake ratchet 501, and the counterclockwise brake pawl 507 separates from the right side of the brake ratchet 501. When the reversing cam 506 rotates counterclockwise, the clockwise brake pawl 503 separates from the left side of the brake ratchet 501, and the counterclockwise brake pawl 507 engages with the right side of the brake ratchet 501. The fork portion 511 is fixedly mounted on the cam rotation shaft 502.

[0044] In this embodiment, the bidirectional braking mechanism 5 further includes a first shift fork mechanism and a second shift fork mechanism; the first shift fork mechanism includes a first telescopic mechanism 510 and a first shift fork rod 509, the fixed end of the first telescopic mechanism 510 is fixedly installed on the left side of the fixed steel frame 1, and the first shift fork rod 509 is fixedly installed on the telescopic end of the first telescopic mechanism 510, and the first shift fork rod 509 can extend into the fork opening of the fork portion 511 under the drive of the first telescopic mechanism 510; the second shift fork mechanism includes a second telescopic mechanism 512 and a second shift fork rod 513, the fixed end of the second telescopic mechanism 512 is fixedly installed on the right side of the fixed steel frame 1, and the second shift fork rod 513 is fixedly installed on the telescopic end of the second telescopic mechanism 512, and the second shift fork rod 513 can extend into the fork opening of the fork portion 511 under the drive of the second telescopic mechanism 512.

[0045] Specifically, the first telescopic mechanism 510 is one of a hydraulic cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder, an electric cylinder, or other actuators; the second telescopic mechanism 512 is one of a hydraulic cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder, an electric cylinder, or other actuators.

[0046] In this embodiment, the pressure rotation mechanism 6 includes a guide rail 602, a pressure rod 601, and a compression spring 603. The axial direction of the guide rail 602 is perpendicular to the horizontal plane. The top end of the guide rail 602 is fixedly installed on the top end of the fixed steel frame 1. The pressure rod 601 is slidably installed on the guide rail 602 and can apply pressure to the curved surface of the hopper 4. The two ends of the compression spring 603 are respectively fixedly installed on the top end of the fixed steel frame 1 and the pressure rod 601.

[0047] Specifically, there are two guide rails 602, which are arranged opposite to each other; the two ends of the pressure rod 601 are slidably mounted on the two guide rails 602 respectively; and there are two compression springs 603.

[0048] In addition, the pressure rod 601 is made of a wear-resistant material.

[0049] Example 2:

[0050] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, a material handling mechanism includes a fixed steel frame 1, a bucket wheel body 2, a hopper rotating shaft 3, and a hopper 4. The bucket wheel body 2 is a circular wheel-shaped structure with its axis parallel to the horizontal plane. The bucket wheel body 2 is rotatably mounted on the fixed steel frame 1 and located directly below the top of the fixed steel frame 1. The hopper rotating shaft 3 is rotatably mounted on the curved surface of the bucket wheel body 2. The hopper 4 is fixedly mounted on the hopper rotating shaft 3. The mechanism also includes an automatic hopper reversing device as described in any one of Embodiment 1. The mounting base 505 in the automatic hopper reversing device is fixedly mounted on the bucket wheel body 2. The brake ratchet 501 in the automatic hopper reversing device is coaxially fixedly mounted on the hopper rotating shaft 3. The first telescopic mechanism 510 and the second telescopic mechanism 512 in the automatic hopper reversing device are respectively fixedly mounted on the left and right sides of the fixed steel frame 1. The top end of the guide rail 602 in the automatic hopper reversing device is fixedly mounted on the top end of the fixed steel frame 1. The pressure rod 601 in the automatic hopper reversing device can apply pressure to the curved surface of the hopper 4.

[0051] Specifically, there are several hopper rotating shafts 3, all of which are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the bucket wheel body 2 and are rotatably mounted on the curved surface of the bucket wheel body 2; there are several hoppers 4, each corresponding to a hopper rotating shaft 3, and each hopper 4 is fixedly mounted on its corresponding hopper rotating shaft 3.

[0052] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic hopper reversing device, characterized in that, It includes a bidirectional braking mechanism (5) and a pressure rotation mechanism (6); The bidirectional braking mechanism (5) is set on the hopper rotating shaft (3) and can switch back and forth between clockwise braking state and counterclockwise braking state. When the bidirectional braking mechanism (5) is in the clockwise braking state, the hopper (4) cannot rotate clockwise around the hopper rotating shaft (3) but can rotate counterclockwise around the hopper rotating shaft (3). When the bidirectional braking mechanism (5) is in the counterclockwise braking state, the hopper (4) cannot rotate counterclockwise around the hopper rotating shaft (3) but can rotate clockwise around the hopper rotating shaft (3). The pressure rotation mechanism (6) can apply pressure to the curved surface of the hopper (4). When the bidirectional braking mechanism (5) is in a clockwise braking state and the hopper (4) rotates clockwise around the axis of the bucket wheel body (2) under the drive of the bucket wheel body (2), the hopper (4) can rotate counterclockwise around the hopper rotation axis (3) under the drive of the pressure rotation mechanism (6). When the bidirectional braking mechanism (5) is in a counterclockwise braking state and the hopper (4) rotates counterclockwise around the axis of the bucket wheel body (2) under the drive of the bucket wheel body (2), the hopper (4) can rotate clockwise around the hopper rotation axis (3) under the drive of the pressure rotation mechanism (6). The bidirectional braking mechanism (5) includes a bidirectional ratchet mechanism, which includes a mounting base (505), a braking ratchet (501), a clockwise braking pawl (503), a counterclockwise braking pawl (507), a first return spring (504), and a second return spring (508). The mounting base (505) has a mounting groove and is fixedly mounted on the bucket wheel body (2); The brake ratchet (501) is rotatably mounted in the mounting groove and coaxially fixed on the hopper rotating shaft (3); The clockwise brake pawl (503) and the counterclockwise brake pawl (507) are both rotatably installed in the mounting groove and can be engaged with the left and right sides of the brake ratchet (501) respectively. When the clockwise brake pawl (503) is engaged with the left side of the brake ratchet (501) and the counterclockwise brake pawl (507) is separated from the right side of the brake ratchet (501), the bidirectional braking mechanism (5) is in a clockwise braking state. When the clockwise brake pawl (503) is separated from the left side of the brake ratchet (501) and the counterclockwise brake pawl (507) is engaged with the right side of the brake ratchet (501), the bidirectional braking mechanism (5) is in a counterclockwise braking state. The two ends of the first reset spring (504) are respectively fixedly installed on the side wall of the mounting groove and the clockwise brake pawl (503), and the two ends of the second reset spring (508) are respectively fixedly installed on the side wall of the mounting groove and the counterclockwise brake pawl (507).

2. The automatic hopper reversing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bidirectional braking mechanism (5) also includes a cam reversing switch, which includes a cam rotation shaft (502), a reversing cam (506), and a fork (511). The cam rotation shaft (502) is rotatably mounted in the mounting groove and located between the clockwise brake pawl (503) and the counterclockwise brake pawl (507); The reversing cam (506) is fixedly mounted on the cam rotation shaft (502) and abuts against the clockwise brake pawl (503) and the counterclockwise brake pawl (507) respectively. When the reversing cam (506) rotates clockwise, the clockwise brake pawl (503) engages with the left side of the brake ratchet (501) and the counterclockwise brake pawl (507) separates from the right side of the brake ratchet (501). When the reversing cam (506) rotates counterclockwise, the clockwise brake pawl (503) separates from the left side of the brake ratchet (501) and the counterclockwise brake pawl (507) engages with the right side of the brake ratchet (501). The bifurcation (511) is fixedly mounted on the cam rotation shaft (502).

3. The automatic hopper reversing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bidirectional braking mechanism (5) further includes a first shift fork mechanism and a second shift fork mechanism; The first shift fork mechanism includes a first telescopic mechanism (510) and a first shift fork rod (509). The fixed end of the first telescopic mechanism (510) is fixedly installed on the left side of the fixed steel frame (1), and the first shift fork rod (509) is fixedly installed on the telescopic end of the first telescopic mechanism (510). The first shift fork rod (509) can extend into the fork opening of the fork portion (511) under the drive of the first telescopic mechanism (510). The second shift fork mechanism includes a second telescopic mechanism (512) and a second shift fork rod (513). The fixed end of the second telescopic mechanism (512) is fixedly installed on the right side of the fixed steel frame (1), and the second shift fork rod (513) is fixedly installed on the telescopic end of the second telescopic mechanism (512). The second shift fork rod (513) can extend into the fork opening of the fork portion (511) under the drive of the second telescopic mechanism (512).

4. The automatic hopper reversing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure rotation mechanism (6) includes a guide rail (602), a pressure rod (601), and a compression spring (603). The axial direction of the guide rail (602) is perpendicular to the horizontal plane. The top end of the guide rail (602) is fixedly installed on the top end of the fixed steel frame (1). The pressure rod (601) is slidably installed on the guide rail (602) and can apply pressure to the curved surface of the hopper (4). The two ends of the compression spring (603) are respectively fixedly installed on the top end of the fixed steel frame (1) and the pressure rod (601).

5. A material handling mechanism, comprising a fixed steel frame (1), a bucket wheel body (2), a hopper rotating shaft (3), and a hopper (4), wherein the bucket wheel body (2) is a circular wheel structure with its axis parallel to the horizontal plane, the bucket wheel body (2) is rotatably mounted on the fixed steel frame (1) and located directly below the top of the fixed steel frame (1), the hopper rotating shaft (3) is rotatably mounted on the curved surface of the bucket wheel body (2), and the hopper (4) is fixedly mounted on the hopper rotating shaft (3); Its features are, It also includes the automatic hopper reversing device as described in any one of claims 1 to 4; The mounting base (505) in the automatic hopper reversing device is fixedly installed on the bucket wheel body (2). The brake ratchet (501) in the automatic hopper reversing device is coaxially fixedly installed on the hopper rotating shaft (3). The first telescopic mechanism (510) and the second telescopic mechanism (512) in the automatic hopper reversing device are respectively fixedly installed on the left and right sides of the fixed steel frame (1). The top end of the guide rail (602) in the automatic hopper reversing device is fixedly installed on the top end of the fixed steel frame (1). The pressure rod (601) in the automatic hopper reversing device can apply pressure to the curved surface of the hopper (4).

Images