Uplink wireless channel segmented transmission method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication, and discloses an uplink wireless channel segmentation transmission method, which comprises the following steps that: a base station calculates the maximum frequency offset and time offset change rate based on a satellite orbit and an elevation angle, determines the acceptable maximum uplink segmentation duration, and configures segmentation parameters of an NPRACH (Non-Physical Random Access Channel) and a public NPUSCH (Non-Physical Uplink Shared Channel) through system broadcast; the terminal performs segmented transmission according to the configuration, inserts the maximum gap between the segments, pauses the transmission, and delays the data; the base station synchronously reserves gap resources to avoid conflicts; the terminal reports the gap capability in milliseconds, and the base station combines the gap for generating the special NPUSCH and the segment configuration and issues through the RRC, so that the overall data continuity and demodulation performance are ensured. According to the invention, the continuity, synchronization accuracy, demodulation performance and stability of NPRACH and NPUSCH segmented transmission in a high-dynamic NTN scene are improved by introducing millisecond-level interval capability reporting, standardized gap insertion and data delay.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and in particular to an uplink wireless channel segment transmission method. Background Art

[0002] In non-terrestrial network (NTN) scenarios, the high-speed movement of satellites causes rapid changes in transmission delay and frequency offset between terminals and base stations, making it difficult for traditional uplink transmission mechanisms to maintain stable synchronization performance. In particular, in long-latency transmission scenarios such as narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT), a single timing advance (TA) cannot adapt to dynamic channel conditions, necessitating the introduction of segmented transmission and TA pre-compensation technologies. However, existing segmented transmission solutions have significant deficiencies in standardized design, terminal capability adaptation, and data continuity assurance, making it difficult to meet the reliability requirements of highly dynamic satellite communications.

[0003] In the existing technology, the 3GPP R17 protocol defines an uplink TA segmentation adjustment mechanism: the terminal obtains the segmentation duration configuration of NPRACH and public NPUSCH (such as nprach-TxDurationFmt01-r17 and npusch-TxDuration-r17) through SIB2-NB in ​​the idle state, and reports the segment protection interval capability through the ntn-SegmentedPrecompensationGaps-r17 field in the connected state. The value range is symbol (sym1) or time slot (sl1, sl2). The segmented transmission of the dedicated NPUSCH is configured with the gap duration through the uplinkSegmentedPrecompensationGap-r17 field, and the corresponding time domain data is allowed to be discarded during the gap period.

[0004] Although existing technologies have alleviated the problem of time-frequency offset accumulation caused by high-speed satellite movement through the uplink TA segmentation adjustment mechanism, some shortcomings still exist: First, the terminal capability parameters are strongly coupled with the subcarrier spacing. The existing technology uses symbol (sym) or time slot (slot) units to define gap capabilities (such as sym1, sl1), but its absolute duration varies with the subcarrier spacing, resulting in the same configuration being unable to accurately reflect the fixed hardware processing time of the terminal (such as 1ms for RF switching), causing resource waste or synchronization failure; Second, the lack of common channel gap rules - NPRACH and public NPUSCH do not define standardized gap insertion rules. Different terminals implement different strategies (such as gap position or duration), resulting in the base station being unable to predict the time domain position of segmented data, causing demodulation window misalignment; In addition, dedicated NPUSCH data is discontinuous - the existing solution discards data during the gap period and includes it in resource mapping, destroying the integrity of the transmission block, forcing the base station to rely on retransmission to recover data, increasing latency and reducing spectrum efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides an uplink wireless channel segmented transmission method, which solves the problems in the existing technology of configuration misalignment caused by the strong coupling of the terminal segment protection interval capability parameter and the subcarrier spacing, demodulation misalignment caused by the lack of standardized gap rules in the common channel (NPRACH / NPUSCH), and discontinuous transmission caused by data discarded during the gap period of the dedicated NPUSCH.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: A method for uplink wireless channel segment transmission, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1. Based on the satellite ephemeris and minimum coverage elevation angle, the maximum Doppler frequency offset change rate and time offset change rate within the cell coverage period are calculated. Combined with the base station uplink demodulation tolerance to frequency offset error and time offset error, the maximum uplink transmission segment duration is determined.

[0008] S2. Based on the maximum segment duration of uplink transmission, the base station determines the segment transmission duration of the common channel and sends the segment transmission configuration to the terminal through system information broadcast;

[0009] S3. The terminal performs segmented uplink transmission of NPRACH and public NPUSCH according to the received segmented transmission configuration, inserting the maximum gap protection interval supported by the system between segments, suspending transmission during the gap period, and deferring the transmission of untransmitted data to after the gap period;

[0010] S4. When receiving the segmented data of the NPRACH and the public NPUSCH, the base station synchronously suspends the receiving operation during the gap period and reserves the time domain resources corresponding to the gap to avoid allocation to other users;

[0011] S5. The terminal reports the supported segment guard interval capability to the base station, where the capability is expressed in millisecond-level time units;

[0012] S6. Based on the segment protection interval capability and the maximum segment duration of uplink transmission reported by the terminal, the base station generates a segment transmission duration and gap protection interval configuration for the dedicated NPUSCH, and sends them to the terminal through dedicated signaling;

[0013] S7. The terminal and the base station perform the same gap suspension of transmission and reception and data deferral operations on the dedicated NPUSCH as on the common channel, and synchronously reserve gap time domain resources for the dedicated NPUSCH.

[0014] The present invention provides a method for uplink wireless channel segment transmission, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] 1. The present invention solves the problem of inconsistent durations indicated by different subcarrier intervals in the original solution by optimizing the range and units of the UE capability reporting field and the guard interval configuration field. This simplifies the processing of the terminal and base station, reduces system complexity, and can better reflect the UE segment switching time.

[0016] 2. The present invention proposes segmented transmission gaps for NPRACH and public NPUSCH and processing during the gaps, which solves the problem of inconsistent transmission of the two channels. The base station can clearly determine the time domain location of the expected segmented data, thereby being able to completely and accurately obtain IQ data and improve demodulation.

[0017] 3. The present invention proposes that the dedicated NPUSCH does not discard data during the gap period, adopts a postponement method, and cooperates with the resource allocation algorithm to ensure that resources are unavailable during the delay gap period to avoid resource conflicts and ensure that the dedicated NPUSCH segmented transmission base station can obtain complete IQ data and provide demodulation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 Flow chart of the method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the specification of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Please see the attached Figure 1 , an embodiment of the present invention provides an uplink wireless channel segment transmission method, comprising the following steps:

[0021] S1. Based on the satellite ephemeris and minimum coverage elevation angle, the maximum Doppler frequency offset change rate and time offset change rate within the cell coverage period are calculated. Combined with the base station uplink demodulation tolerance to frequency offset error and time offset error, the maximum uplink transmission segment duration is determined.

[0022] In this embodiment, the calculation of the maximum segment duration of uplink transmission is achieved in the following way: based on the satellite ephemeris and the minimum coverage elevation angle of the terminal location, the relative motion trajectory of the satellite and the terminal within the cell coverage period is predicted, the maximum Doppler frequency deviation change rate and time deviation change rate within the period are derived, and the maximum segment duration is dynamically determined in combination with the base station uplink demodulation's tolerance to frequency deviation error and time deviation error.

[0023] Satellite ephemeris contains the satellite's orbital parameters, real-time position, and velocity information, and is used to calculate the satellite's instantaneous motion relative to the ground terminal. Preferably, satellite ephemeris is obtained through network-preset or periodically updated ephemeris data. The minimum coverage elevation angle is the lowest elevation angle threshold at which a terminal can maintain a communication link with the satellite. Its value range is determined by the satellite beam coverage characteristics and the ground terminal deployment scenario, with a typical value ranging from 5° to 90°.

[0024] The maximum radial velocity v within the coverage period is calculated based on the relative motion relationship between the satellite and the terminal. max Specifically, based on the position and velocity vectors in the satellite ephemeris, combined with the terminal's geographic location and the minimum coverage elevation angle constraint, a three-dimensional geometric projection algorithm is used to determine the maximum radial velocity component of the satellite relative to the terminal. This velocity component directly determines the rate of change of the Doppler frequency shift and signal propagation delay.

[0025] According to the maximum radial velocity v max , calculate the maximum Doppler frequency deviation change rate Δf max , whose expression is:

[0026]

[0027] Among them, f c is the uplink carrier frequency; c is the speed of light; v max The maximum radial velocity of the satellite relative to the terminal, the core variable that determines the rate of change of frequency offset / time offset; Δf max The maximum Doppler frequency deviation change rate per unit time is used to constrain the cumulative frequency deviation effect of the segment duration. This formula represents the maximum carrier frequency deviation change limit caused by satellite motion per unit time.

[0028] At the same time, calculate the maximum time deviation change rate Δτ max , whose expression is:

[0029]

[0030] Among them, τ max It is the maximum rate of change of time deviation per unit time, which is used to constrain the cumulative effect of time delay of segment duration.

[0031] This formula reflects the change in transmission delay caused by the change in signal propagation path length per unit time.

[0032] The tolerance of the base station uplink demodulation to frequency offset error and time offset error is determined by the predefined frequency offset error threshold δ f and the time offset error threshold δ t Determine. Preferably, δ f According to the carrier synchronization loop locking range setting of the base station receiver, such as the tracking bandwidth based on the phase-locked loop (PLL);t The maximum allowed upper limit of the uplink symbol timing error is determined based on, for example, the cyclic prefix (CP) length or the channel delay spread characteristics.

[0033] Based on the above parameters, the maximum segment duration of uplink transmission is T max The calculation formula is:

[0034]

[0035] Among them, δ f is the frequency deviation error threshold; δ t is the time deviation error threshold; T max is the maximum segment duration of uplink transmission; δ f and δ t Fixed parameters predefined for the base station or dynamic parameters configured through OAM.

[0036] This formula ensures that the cumulative frequency deviation error caused by satellite motion does not exceed δ during a single segment transmission. f , and the cumulative time deviation error does not exceed δ t , thereby ensuring the demodulation performance of the base station. Preferably, when the satellite orbit or terminal position changes, T max Dynamic updates are achieved through periodic recalculation.

[0037] S2. Based on the maximum segment duration of uplink transmission, the base station determines the segment transmission duration of the common channel and sends the segment transmission configuration to the terminal through system information broadcast;

[0038] In this embodiment, after determining the maximum segment duration of uplink transmission, the base station configures the segment transmission parameters of the common channel according to the duration and sends the configuration to the terminal through system information broadcast. The specific implementation method is as follows:

[0039] The base station calculates the maximum uplink transmission segment duration T max , determine the segment transmission duration of the narrowband physical random access channel (NPRACH) and the public narrowband physical uplink shared channel (NPUSCH). Preferably, the segment transmission duration of the public channel must meet the constraints:

[0040] T segment ≤T max ;

[0041] Among them, T segment Indicates the segment transmission duration of NPRACH or public NPUSCH. This constraint ensures that the cumulative frequency and timing offset errors caused by satellite motion during a single segment transmission do not exceed the base station demodulation tolerance threshold, thereby avoiding uplink synchronization failure.

[0042] To adapt to the transmission requirements of different channel types, the segment transmission duration of NPRACH and public NPUSCH is independently configured. Preferably, the segment duration candidate value set of NPRACH is 2ms-256ms, and the segment duration candidate value set of public NPUSCH is 20ms-80ms. The candidate value is determined according to the transport block size and repetition number predefined by the protocol, and each candidate value is ensured to be less than or equal to the current T max .

[0043] The segmented transmission configuration is broadcast to the terminal via the system information block (SIB2-NB).

[0044] Specifically, the NPRACH segment duration is defined by the field nprach-TxDurationFmt01 or nprach-TxDurationFmt2 in SIB2;

[0045] The duration of the public NPUSCH segment is defined by the field npusch-TxDuration. Preferably, the field uses an enumeration value, for example:

[0046] For NPRACH format 0 and format 1, the value ranges are {n2, n4, n8, n16, n32, n64} and {n1, n2, n4, n8, n16} respectively, where n2 means that the Preamble is repeated twice as one NPRACH transmission segment;

[0047] For public NPUSCH, the value range is:

[0048] {ms2,ms4,ms8,ms16,ms32,ms64,ms128,ms256}, ms2 indicates that 2ms is a NPUSCH transmission segment.

[0049] When the satellite motion causes T max When significant changes occur, the base station triggers a dynamic update of the segment configuration. The update is implemented through the SIB2 modification cycle mechanism, and the terminal synchronously receives the updated configuration parameters at the start of the next modification cycle.

[0050] The selection of segment transmission duration must take into account both transmission efficiency and demodulation reliability. For low elevation angle scenarios (e.g. elevation angle < 30°), due to the high relative speed of the satellite, T max Small, the base station prefers a shorter segment duration (such as NPRACH n2, public NPUSCH 4ms); for high elevation angle scenarios (such as elevation angle ≥ 60°), the satellite moves smoothly, T max If the value is larger, a longer segment duration can be configured to reduce signaling overhead.

[0051] S3. The terminal performs segmented uplink transmission of NPRACH and public NPUSCH according to the received segmented transmission configuration, inserting the maximum gap protection interval supported by the system between segments, suspending transmission during the gap period, and deferring the transmission of untransmitted data to after the gap period;

[0052] In this embodiment, the terminal performs segmented uplink transmission of NPRACH and public NPUSCH according to the received segmented transmission configuration information, and inserts the maximum gap protection interval supported by the system between adjacent segments. The specific implementation is as follows:

[0053] The terminal obtains the segment transmission duration of NPRACH and public NPUSCH by parsing the segment transmission configuration parameters in the SIB2 broadcast message. Preferably, the segment transmission duration is determined by the base station based on the maximum segment duration T of uplink transmission. max Dynamic configuration and meet T segment ≤T max The constraints are met to ensure that the cumulative frequency offset and time offset errors during a single segment transmission are within the base station demodulation tolerance range.

[0054] For the NPRACH channel, the terminal divides the repeated transmission process of the random access preamble into multiple segments. The duration of each segment is the configured NPRACH segment duration. Insert the system-predefined maximum gap protection interval between adjacent segments Preferably, the maximum gap protection interval is a fixed value of 1 ms, which matches the radio frequency switching and timing synchronization recovery time of the base station, ensuring that the terminal and the base station complete the necessary hardware status adjustment during the gap period.

[0055] For the public NPUSCH channel, the terminal divides the uplink data packet into multiple transmission segments, and the duration of each segment is the configured public NPUSCH segment duration. Also insert between adjacent segments The segmentation is based on the transport block size (TBS) and the number of repetitions to ensure that the number of code blocks in each segment is adapted to the physical layer resource mapping rules.

[0056] During the gap protection interval, the terminal suspends uplink signal transmission, and the unfinished transmitted data is cached in the transmission buffer, and the transmission is resumed from the pause position after the gap ends. Preferably, the data postponement processing includes the following operations:

[0057] At the beginning of the gap, the sequence number of the currently transmitted code block and the buffer read and write pointer are recorded;

[0058] After the gap ends, transmission is resumed from the recorded code block sequence number, while keeping the original modulation and coding scheme (MCS) and the number of repetitions unchanged;

[0059] If there is an incompletely sent code block during the gap period, the code block is retransmitted to avoid data loss.

[0060] The insertion position of the gap guard interval is determined by the boundaries of integer multiples of the segment duration. For example, if the NPRACH segment duration is n2, the gap is inserted at the time of every second preamble transmission, ensuring that the timing of the segment transmission is aligned with the base station receive window. Preferably, the terminal shuts down the power amplifier (PA) during the gap to reduce power consumption and turns on the RF circuit in advance before the end of the gap to restore carrier synchronization.

[0061] When receiving segmented data, the base station synchronously executes a gap protection interval operation that matches the terminal. Specifically, the base station suspends uplink signal reception during the gap, ignores physical resource block (PRB) energy detection during this period, and marks the time domain resources corresponding to the gap as "reserved," prohibiting scheduling for other users. When receiving deferred data, the base station combines the segmented data before and after the gap using a sliding window demodulation algorithm and utilizes the HARQ process to combine soft bits between segments, improving demodulation performance.

[0062] S4. When receiving segmented data of NPRACH and public NPUSCH, the base station synchronously suspends the receiving operation during the gap period and reserves the time domain resources corresponding to the gap to avoid allocation to other users;

[0063] In this embodiment, when receiving NPRACH and common NPUSCH segment data sent by the terminal, the base station synchronously performs the gap protection interval operation matching the terminal and reserves the corresponding time domain resources to avoid conflicts. The specific implementation method is as follows:

[0064] After detecting segmented data transmitted by the terminal, the base station inserts a gap period between adjacent segments, fully synchronized with the terminal, based on a predefined maximum gap protection interval duration. The start of the gap period is strictly aligned with the end of the segment transmission on the terminal side, ensuring consistent transmission and reception timing between the base station and the terminal. Preferably, the base station accurately predicts the end of the segment by analyzing the uplink scheduling grant or preamble detection results, thereby triggering the initiation of the gap operation.

[0065] During the gap protection interval, the base station suspends uplink signal reception. Specifically, the base station shuts down the RF front-end receiving circuitry during the gap period or ignores uplink signal energy detection during this period. Preferably, the RF front-end shutdown strategy includes hardware-level energy-saving operations such as reducing the low-noise amplifier (LNA) gain and shutting down the mixer clock to reduce base station power consumption and mitigate noise interference.

[0066] The time domain resources corresponding to the gap are marked as "reserved" on the base station side. The base station marks the physical resource blocks (PRBs) and symbol units occupied by the gap as unschedulable in the time-frequency resource grid, ensuring that other users cannot occupy these resources during the gap period and subsequent delayed transmissions. Preferably, resource reservation is implemented through the scheduler's dynamic resource allocation table. The scheduler automatically skips the reserved gap resources when allocating uplink resources to avoid resource conflicts.

[0067] When receiving data in a delayed manner, the base station merges the segmented data before and after the gap using a sliding window demodulation algorithm. Specifically, after receiving the segmented data, the base station splices and merges the soft bit information in the current demodulation buffer with the data recovered after the gap. Preferably, for public NPUSCH data that uses repeated transmission, the base station uses the soft combining mechanism of the HARQ process to perform maximum ratio combining (MRC) on the repeated code blocks between segments to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the demodulated signal.

[0068] For transmission interruptions caused by gaps, the base station adjusts symbol timing through a timing compensation mechanism after resuming reception. Preferably, the base station predicts the change in timing offset after the gap based on pre-gap channel estimation and historical TA (Timing Advance) data, and adjusts the starting position of the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) window to compensate for delay drift caused by satellite motion.

[0069] S5. The terminal reports the supported segment protection interval capability to the base station, with the capability expressed in millisecond-level time units;

[0070] In this embodiment, the terminal reports its supported segment guard interval capability to the base station through radio resource control (RRC) signaling, and the specific implementation is as follows:

[0071] The segmented guard interval capability supported by a terminal represents the minimum time required to complete radio switching, timing advance (TA) adjustment, and carrier synchronization recovery during the gap guard interval. This capability is expressed in milliseconds and is predefined based on the terminal's hardware processing capabilities and protocol stack implementation characteristics. Preferably, the capability ranges from 1 / 14ms to 1ms, corresponding to different terminal radio switching speeds and clock synchronization accuracy.

[0072] The capability reporting is implemented through the RRC connection establishment process or the UE capability information transmission process. Specifically, the terminal carries the segmented protection interval capability parameter in the RRC connection establishment request (RRCConnectionRequest) message or the UE capability information (UECapabilityInformation) message. Preferably, the parameter is encoded through the dedicated field ntn-SegmentedGapCapability, which is a 3-bit enumeration type, for example:

[0073] 000 means 1 / 14ms;

[0074] 001 means 1 / 2ms;

[0075] 010 means 1ms;

[0076] The remaining values ​​are reserved for future expansion.

[0077] The trigger conditions for capability reporting include but are not limited to the following scenarios:

[0078] When the terminal accesses the satellite cell for the first time, it actively reports during the RRC connection establishment process;

[0079] After the terminal switches to a new satellite cell, it updates its capability parameters through the UE capability information message;

[0080] The base station actively requests the terminal to report its capabilities through a UECapabilityEnquiry message.

[0081] After receiving the segmented protection interval capability reported by the terminal, the base station stores it in the context management unit and references the parameter in the subsequent segmented transmission configuration of the dedicated NPUSCH. Preferably, when generating the gap protection interval configuration for the dedicated NPUSCH, the base station ensures that the configured gap duration does not exceed the minimum protection interval capability supported by the terminal, thereby avoiding transmission failures due to terminal hardware limitations.

[0082] S6. Based on the segment protection interval capability and the maximum segment duration of uplink transmission reported by the terminal, the base station generates the segment transmission duration and gap protection interval configuration of the dedicated NPUSCH and sends them to the terminal through dedicated signaling;

[0083] In this embodiment, after obtaining the segment protection interval capability reported by the terminal, the base station generates an adapted segment transmission duration and gap protection interval configuration for the dedicated NPUSCH in combination with the maximum segment duration of uplink transmission, and sends it to the terminal through dedicated RRC signaling. The specific implementation method is as follows:

[0084] The base station calculates the maximum uplink transmission segment duration T according to step S1. maxand the segment protection interval capability reported by the terminal Determine the segment transmission duration T of the dedicated NPUSCH segment And the gap protection interval length T gap The configuration must meet the following constraints:

[0085] T segment +T gap ≤T max ;

[0086] This formula ensures that the total duration of segmented transmission and gaps does not exceed the upper limit of the tolerance for dynamic channel changes, preventing the accumulation of frequency and time deviations caused by satellite movement from exceeding the demodulation capability of the base station.

[0087] Segment transmission time T segment The value range of is determined by the candidate value set predefined by the protocol. Preferably, the candidate value set is 2ms-256ms and is compatible with the segment duration configuration of the public NPUSCH to reduce the complexity of terminal implementation. gap The value of and terminal reporting capabilities For example, if the minimum protection interval supported by the terminal is 1ms, then T gap Configure it to 1ms or its integer multiples.

[0088] The segmented transmission configuration is broadcast to the terminal via the system information block (SIB2-NB).

[0089] Specifically, the NPRACH segment duration is defined by the field nprach-TxDurationFmt01 or nprach-TxDurationFmt2 in SIB2;

[0090] The duration of the public NPUSCH segment is defined by the field npusch-TxDuration. Preferably, the field uses an enumeration value, for example:

[0091] For NPRACH format 0 and format 1, the value ranges are {n2, n4, n8, n16, n32, n64} and {n1, n2, n4, n8, n16} respectively, where n2 means that the Preamble is repeated twice as one NPRACH transmission segment;

[0092] For public NPUSCH, the value range is:

[0093] {ms2,ms4,ms8,ms16,ms32,ms64,ms128,ms256}, ms2 indicates that 2ms is a NPUSCH transmission segment.

[0094] When satellite motion or terminal position changes cause T maxWhen updating, the base station dynamically adjusts the configuration parameters of the dedicated NPUSCH. max As a result, the original configuration no longer meets T segment +T gap ≤T max , the base station triggers the RRC reconfiguration process and reselects a segment and gap combination that meets the constraints.

[0095] S7. The terminal and the base station perform the same gap suspension of transmission and reception and data deferral operations on the dedicated NPUSCH as on the public channel, and simultaneously reserve gap time domain resources for the dedicated NPUSCH;

[0096] In this embodiment, the terminal and the base station perform segmented data transmission and reception operations according to the dedicated NPUSCH segmented transmission parameters configured in step S6, and synchronously perform resource reservation and data deferral processing during the gap protection interval. The specific implementation method is as follows:

[0097] After receiving the RRC reconfiguration signaling for the dedicated NPUSCH, the terminal transmits the data according to the configured segment transmission time T segment The uplink data is divided into multiple transmission segments. The duration of each segment is T segment , a configured gap protection interval T is inserted between adjacent segments gap The segmentation is based on the code block (CB) segmentation rule of the transport block (TB), ensuring that each segment contains an integer number of code blocks, and that the last segment is aligned by padding bits if the number of code blocks is insufficient.

[0098] During the gap protection interval, the terminal suspends uplink signal transmission and shuts down the RF front-end power amplifier (PA) to reduce power consumption. Preferably, at the beginning of the gap, the terminal records the sequence number of the currently transmitted code block, the Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) process status, and the buffer read and write pointers, so that transmission can resume from the breakpoint after the gap ends. For incompletely transmitted code blocks, the terminal prioritizes retransmission of these blocks upon resuming transmission to avoid data loss or decoding failures caused by segmentation interruptions.

[0099] When receiving dedicated NPUSCH segment data, the base station synchronously performs gap protection interval operations that match the terminal. Specifically, during the gap period, the base station marks the corresponding time-frequency resources as "reserved," prohibiting other users from scheduling them, and shuts down the receiver's RF circuitry or ignores signal energy detection during this period. Preferably, the base station uses idle resources during the gap period to perform channel estimation updates or interference measurements to optimize demodulation performance for subsequent segment reception.

[0100] When receiving data in a delayed manner, the base station uses a sliding window combining algorithm to splice the segmented data before and after the gap. For dedicated NPUSCH data that uses repeated transmission, the base station uses the HARQ soft combining mechanism at the physical layer to soft-combine the code blocks repeatedly transmitted between segments to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the demodulated signal. Preferably, the soft combining weight is dynamically adjusted based on the channel state information (CSI) between segments to offset the effects of fast channel fading caused by satellite motion.

[0101] To compensate for the timing deviation caused by the gap, the base station dynamically adjusts the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) window position. Specifically, after the gap ends, the base station calculates the delay drift caused by satellite motion based on the latest timing advance (TA) estimate and moves the FFT window forward or backward to align symbol timing. Preferably, the TA estimate is obtained by measuring the reference signal time difference (RSTD) or uplink sounding reference signal (SRS) reported by the terminal.

[0102] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for uplink wireless channel segment transmission, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Based on the satellite ephemeris and minimum coverage elevation angle, the maximum Doppler frequency offset change rate and time offset change rate within the cell coverage period are calculated. Combined with the base station uplink demodulation tolerance to frequency offset error and time offset error, the maximum uplink transmission segment duration is determined. S2. Based on the maximum segment duration of uplink transmission, the base station determines the segment transmission duration of the common channel and sends the segment transmission configuration to the terminal through system information broadcast; S3. The terminal performs segmented uplink transmission of NPRACH and public NPUSCH according to the received segmented transmission configuration, inserting the maximum gap protection interval supported by the system between segments, suspending transmission during the gap period, and deferring the transmission of untransmitted data to after the gap period; S4. When receiving the segmented data of the NPRACH and the public NPUSCH, the base station synchronously suspends the receiving operation during the gap period and reserves the time domain resources corresponding to the gap to avoid allocation to other users; S5. The terminal reports the supported segment guard interval capability to the base station, where the capability is expressed in millisecond-level time units; S6. Based on the segment protection interval capability and the maximum segment duration of uplink transmission reported by the terminal, the base station generates a segment transmission duration and gap protection interval configuration for the dedicated NPUSCH, and sends them to the terminal through dedicated signaling; S7. The terminal and the base station perform the same gap suspension of transmission and reception and data deferral operations on the dedicated NPUSCH as on the common channel, and synchronously reserve gap time domain resources for the dedicated NPUSCH.

2. The uplink wireless channel segment transmission method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calculation of the maximum segment duration of the uplink transmission includes: Based on the satellite ephemeris and minimum coverage elevation angle, the relative motion trajectory of the satellite and the terminal is obtained, and the maximum Doppler frequency deviation change rate Δf within the coverage period is calculated. max and the time deviation change rate Δτ max ; According to the frequency offset error threshold δ tolerated by the base station uplink demodulation f and the time offset error threshold δ t , determine the maximum segment duration T max for: Among them, δ f and δ t Fixed parameters predefined for the base station or dynamic parameters configured through OAM.

3. The uplink wireless channel segment transmission method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system information broadcast is a SIB2-NB message, wherein: The segment transmission duration of NPRACH is defined by the field nprach-TxDurationFmt01 or nprach-TxDurationFmt2; The value ranges are {n2,n4,n8,n16,n32,n64} and {n1,n2,n4,n8,n16} respectively, and the unit is the number of Preamble repetitions; The segment transmission duration of the public NPUSCH is defined by the field npusch-TxDuration, and the value range is {ms2,ms4,ms8,ms16,ms32,ms64,ms128,ms256}; And the transmission duration of all segments is less than or equal to T max .

4. The uplink wireless channel segment transmission method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The maximum gap protection interval supported by the system is a fixed value of 1ms, and when the terminal suspends transmission during the gap period: The untransmitted data is cached in the send buffer and transmission continues from the pause position after the gap ends; The gap insertion position between segments is the boundary of an integer multiple of the segment length, and the original modulation and coding scheme remains unchanged when the data is transmitted in a delayed manner.

5. The uplink wireless channel segment transmission method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reservation of the gap time domain resources includes: The base station marks the resource unit corresponding to the gap as "reserved" in the time-frequency resource grid; During the gap period, the base station shuts down the RF receiving circuit or ignores the uplink signal energy detection during this period; When data is received sequentially, the segmented data before and after the gap are merged using a sliding window demodulation algorithm.

6. The uplink wireless channel segment transmission method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The segmented guard interval capability supported by the terminal ranges from 1 / 14ms to 1ms, and the capability reporting is implemented through the ntn-SegmentedGapCapability field in the RRC connection establishment request or the UE capability information message, which is a 3-bit enumeration type.

7. The uplink wireless channel segment transmission method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The segmented transmission duration and gap protection interval configuration of the dedicated NPUSCH meet the following requirements: T segment +T gap ≤T max ; Among them, T gap The configuration unit is the minimum granularity of the terminal's reporting capability. This field contains the joint coding parameters of the segment duration and gap duration. segment The dedicated NPUSCH segment transmission duration configured for the base station; T max The maximum segment length for uplink transmission.

8. The uplink wireless channel segment transmission method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gap period of the dedicated NPUSCH: The terminal skips the physical resource block corresponding to the gap during time-frequency resource mapping; The base station ignores the channel estimation results during the gap period during demodulation and merges the delayed data between segments through the HARQ process; The reserved gap time domain resources are excluded from the set of available resources in the scheduler until the current dedicated NPUSCH transmission ends.

9. The uplink wireless channel segment transmission method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The segment transmission duration of the common channel is dynamically adjusted according to the real-time TA change rate, specifically including: The segment duration broadcast by the base station in SIB2-NB is supplemented with a safety margin ΔT, satisfying: T segment =min(T max -ΔT, fixed configuration value); Where ΔT is the adjustment amount predicted based on the historical data of TA changes, and ΔT≤0.2T max ;T max The maximum segment duration for uplink transmission; the fixed configuration value is one of the candidate values ​​2ms-256ms predefined by the protocol.

10. The uplink wireless channel segment transmission method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The specific implementation of the data deferred transmission includes: The terminal records the sequence number of the currently transmitted code block and the buffer pointer at the beginning of the gap; After the gap ends, the code block sequence continues to be sent, and the buffer pointer jumps to the starting position of the next code block; If there are incomplete code blocks during the gap period, the code blocks are retransmitted and the HARQ process status is updated.

Images