Vehicle control device, vehicle control system, and vehicle control method

Abstract

The invention relates to a vehicle control device, a vehicle control system and a vehicle control method. A vehicle control device may include a communication circuit, a battery including a battery cell, and a processor. The processor sends at least one characteristic value or any combination of the standard deviation of the voltage of the battery core, the standard deviation of the temperature of the battery core, the standard deviation of the state of charge (SOC) of the battery core or the standard deviation of the state of health (SOH) of the battery core to the server through the communication circuit; receiving a signal for updating or enabling a self-diagnostic protocol from the server via the communication circuit based on the at least one feature value being included in a specified upper limit percentage of a feature value corresponding to the at least one feature value and acquired from the other vehicle control device, the self-diagnostic protocol identifying whether there is an abnormality in the battery cell or battery; a self-diagnostic protocol is updated or enabled.

Description

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims priority to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2024-0029181 filed on February 28, 2024, which is incorporated herein in its entirety for all purposes by this reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present invention relates to a vehicle control device, a vehicle control system, and a vehicle control method, and more particularly, to a technology for determining battery abnormality. Background Art

[0004] Electric vehicle technology relies on batteries for charging and storing electricity. Since battery charging speed and battery life are directly related to the performance of electric vehicles, the importance of high-performance batteries has become increasingly prominent with the development of electric vehicle technology.

[0005] To increase driving range and reduce charging time, battery performance improvement technologies and battery stability improvement technologies for increasing battery life and monitoring risk conditions have been rapidly developed.

[0006] Through advancements in battery management systems (such as stability improvement technology), vehicle control devices can detect battery symptoms in advance before safety issues occur, and can diagnose the battery's status to monitor the battery's condition.

[0007] The information included in this Background of the invention section is only intended to enhance understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgment or any form of suggestion that this information constitutes the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0008] Various aspects of the present invention are directed to providing a vehicle control device, a vehicle control system, and a vehicle control method for diagnosing abnormality in a battery cell or a battery.

[0009] Another aspect of the present invention provides a vehicle control device, a vehicle control system, and a vehicle control method for monitoring and diagnosing a battery to reduce the risk of battery fire.

[0010] Another aspect of the present invention provides a vehicle control device, a vehicle control system, and a vehicle control method for easily setting a diagnosis threshold value of a battery.

[0011] Another aspect of the present invention provides a vehicle control device, a vehicle control system, and a vehicle control method for performing battery diagnosis through big data to improve the accuracy of battery diagnosis.

[0012] Another aspect of the present invention provides a vehicle control device, a vehicle control system, and a vehicle control method for diagnosing a battery during charging to improve user experience.

[0013] Another aspect of the present invention provides a vehicle control device, a vehicle control system, and a vehicle control method for continuously monitoring and diagnosing a battery system to prevent fire.

[0014] Another aspect of the present invention provides a vehicle control device, a vehicle control system, and a vehicle control method for setting an appropriate diagnosis threshold according to a rapidly changing configuration of a battery system.

[0015] Another aspect of the present invention provides a vehicle control device, a vehicle control system, and a vehicle control method for reducing resources required for monitoring a battery.

[0016] The technical problems to be solved by the present invention are not limited to the above problems, and those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs will clearly understand any other technical problems not mentioned herein through the following description.

[0017] According to an aspect of the present invention, a vehicle control device may include a communication circuit, a battery including a battery cell, and a processor.

[0018] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the processor is configured to: send at least one characteristic value of the standard deviation of the voltage of the battery cell, the standard deviation of the temperature of the battery cell, the standard deviation of the state of charge (SOC) of the battery cell, or the standard deviation of the state of health (SOH) of the battery cell, or any combination thereof to the server via a communication circuit; receive a signal for updating or enabling a self-diagnostic protocol from the server via a communication circuit based on at least one characteristic value being included in a predetermined upper limit percentage of characteristic values ​​corresponding to at least one characteristic value and obtained from other vehicle control devices, the self-diagnostic protocol being used to identify whether there is an abnormality in the battery cell or the battery; update the self-diagnostic protocol or enable the self-diagnostic protocol; and when charging the battery, perform charging according to the self-diagnostic protocol.

[0019] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the processor is configured to: if the battery is charged, charging is performed according to the self-diagnosis protocol; when charging the battery, at least one of the following or any combination thereof can be sent to the server via the communication circuit: the resistance deviation of each battery cell obtained according to the updated or enabled self-diagnosis protocol, the voltage change of each battery cell within a predetermined time obtained according to the updated or enabled self-diagnosis protocol, at least one value depending on the resistance deviation obtained according to the updated or enabled self-diagnosis protocol, or at least one value depending on the voltage change obtained according to the updated or enabled self-diagnosis protocol; based on at least one of the resistance deviation being included in the predetermined resistance deviation range, the voltage change being included in the predetermined voltage change range, at least one value depending on the resistance deviation being included in the predetermined resistance deviation range, and at least one value depending on the voltage change being included in the predetermined voltage change range, or any combination thereof, a signal indicating an abnormality in the battery cell or battery can be received from the server via the communication circuit; the abnormality in the battery cell or battery can be indicated to the user.

[0020] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the processor may, before charging the battery, place the battery in hibernation until the difference between the highest and lowest temperatures of the battery cells is within a predetermined temperature difference range; may charge the battery at a predetermined SOC value using a first current based on the difference between the highest and lowest temperatures being within the predetermined temperature difference range; may place the battery in hibernation for a predetermined first time interval after charging the battery at the predetermined SOC value, and after the predetermined first time interval, obtain a resistance deviation of each battery cell based on charging the battery with a second current greater than the first current for a predetermined second time interval; may repeat the process of charging the battery at the predetermined SOC value using the first current, placing the battery in hibernation for the predetermined first time interval, and charging the battery using the second current for the predetermined second time interval until the SOC value of the battery is within a predetermined SOC range indicating charging completion; and may, after the SOC value of the battery is within the predetermined SOC range indicating charging completion, obtain a voltage change of each battery cell within a predetermined time based on placing the battery in hibernation for a predetermined third time interval. Placing the battery in hibernation may mean stopping the supply of current supplied from outside the vehicle for charging the battery.

[0021] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the processor may put the battery to sleep before charging the battery, or may adjust the temperature of the battery cell by a cooling device provided in the vehicle so that the difference between the highest temperature and the lowest temperature of the battery cell is within a predetermined temperature difference range.

[0022] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the processor may obtain the resistance deviation of each battery cell based on at least one of a voltage change of each battery cell or a resistance of each battery cell depending on the second current, or any combination thereof, after a predetermined first time interval has passed and based on charging the battery with a second current within a predetermined second time interval.

[0023] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, after starting to charge the battery using the second current, the processor may obtain a resistance deviation of each battery cell within a predetermined first preparation time interval to identify an abnormality in the battery cell or battery due to a cause other than an abnormality in the electrolyte or active material included in the battery. After the predetermined first preparation time interval has elapsed, the processor may obtain a resistance deviation of each battery cell within a predetermined second preparation time interval to identify an abnormality in the battery cell or battery due to an abnormality in the electrolyte or active material included in the battery. The predetermined second preparation time interval may be identified based on a value obtained by subtracting the predetermined first preparation time interval from the predetermined second time interval.

[0024] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the processor can obtain the resistance deviation of each battery cell when charging a battery having an SOC less than a reference SOC using the second current to identify an abnormality in the battery cell or battery caused by the current path; and can obtain the resistance deviation of each battery cell when charging a battery having an SOC greater than a reference SOC using the second current to identify an abnormality in the battery cell or battery caused by reasons inside the battery.

[0025] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the processor may adjust the temperature of the battery or the temperature of at least some of the battery cells to a predetermined temperature or higher when the battery is put to sleep within a predetermined third time interval.

[0026] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, after the SOC value of the battery falls within the SOC range indicating charging completion, the processor may obtain a voltage change within a predetermined third preparatory time interval to identify at least one battery cell having a resistance greater than that of the other battery cells. After the predetermined third preparatory time interval has elapsed, the processor may obtain a voltage change within a predetermined fourth preparatory time interval to identify at least one battery cell having an internal circuit short-circuited. The predetermined fourth preparatory time interval may be identified based on a value obtained by subtracting the predetermined third preparatory time interval from the predetermined third time interval.

[0027] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, based on obtaining voltage changes including open circuit voltage (OCV), at least one battery cell in which an internal circuit of the battery cells is short-circuited can be identified based on changes in the SOC value of each battery cell corresponding to the OCV of each battery cell.

[0028] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the resistance deviation range may be determined based on the resistance deviation of each battery cell included in other vehicle control devices. The voltage variation range may be determined based on the voltage variation of each battery cell included in other vehicle control devices.

[0029] According to another aspect of the present invention, a vehicle control system may include a vehicle control device and a server. The processor included in the vehicle control device may send at least one characteristic value or any combination thereof of the standard deviation of the voltage of a battery cell in a battery included in the vehicle control device, the standard deviation of the temperature of the battery cell, the standard deviation of the state of charge (SOC) of the battery cell, or the standard deviation of the state of health (SOH) of the battery cell to the server via the communication circuit included in the vehicle control device; may receive a signal for updating or enabling a self-diagnostic protocol from the server via the communication circuit included in the vehicle control device, the self-diagnostic protocol being used to identify whether there is an abnormality in the battery cell or battery; may update the self-diagnostic protocol or enable the self-diagnostic protocol; and may perform charging according to the self-diagnostic protocol when charging the battery. The processor included in the server may send a signal for updating or enabling a self-diagnostic protocol to the vehicle control device via the communication circuit included in the server based on at least one characteristic value being included in a predetermined upper limit percentage of characteristic values ​​corresponding to the at least one characteristic value and obtained from other vehicle control devices.

[0030] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, if the battery is charged, the processor included in the vehicle control device can perform charging according to the self-diagnosis protocol; when the battery is charged, at least one of the following or any combination thereof can be sent to the server via the communication circuit included in the vehicle control device: the resistance deviation of each battery cell obtained according to the updated or enabled self-diagnosis protocol, the voltage change of each battery cell within a predetermined time obtained according to the updated or enabled self-diagnosis protocol, at least one value depending on the resistance deviation obtained according to the updated or enabled self-diagnosis protocol, or at least one value depending on the voltage change obtained according to the updated or enabled self-diagnosis protocol; a signal indicating an abnormality in a battery cell or battery can be received from the server via the communication circuit included in the vehicle control device; and the abnormality in the battery cell or battery can be indicated to the user. The processor included in the server can receive at least one of resistance deviation, voltage change, at least one value depending on resistance deviation, or at least one value depending on voltage change, or any combination thereof from the vehicle control device via the communication circuit included in the server and can send a signal indicating an abnormality in a battery cell or battery to the vehicle control device via the communication circuit included in the server based on identifying that the resistance deviation is included in a predetermined resistance deviation range, the voltage change is included in a predetermined voltage change range, at least one value depending on resistance deviation is included in a predetermined resistance deviation range, or at least one value depending on voltage change is included in a predetermined voltage change range, or any combination thereof.

[0031] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, in a vehicle control system, a processor included in a server may, after starting to charge the battery with a second current greater than a first current for charging the battery according to a predetermined SOC value, identify an abnormality in a battery cell or battery caused by a cause other than an abnormality in an electrolyte or active material included in the battery based on a resistance deviation obtained within a predetermined first preparation time interval; and may, after the predetermined first preparation time interval has elapsed, identify an abnormality in the battery cell or battery caused by an abnormality in the electrolyte or active material included in the battery based on the resistance deviation obtained within a predetermined second preparation time interval.

[0032] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, in a vehicle control system, a processor included in a server can, after an SOC value of the battery is included in an SOC range indicating completion of charging, identify at least one battery cell among the battery cells having a resistance greater than that of other battery cells based on a voltage change obtained within a predetermined third preparation time interval; and can, after a predetermined third preparation time interval has elapsed, identify at least one battery cell among the battery cells having a short circuit in an internal circuit based on a voltage change obtained within a predetermined fourth preparation time interval.

[0033] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, in a vehicle control system, a processor included in a server can identify at least one battery cell in which an internal circuit of the battery cell has a short circuit based on the OCV included in the voltage change and according to the SOC value of each battery cell corresponding to the OCV of each battery cell.

[0034] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the processor included in the server can be configured to determine the resistance deviation range based on the resistance deviation of each battery cell included in other vehicle control devices; and can be configured to determine the voltage variation range based on the voltage variation of each battery cell included in other vehicle control devices.

[0035] According to another aspect of the present invention, a vehicle control method may include: sending at least one characteristic value or any combination of the standard deviation of the voltage of a battery cell in a battery included in a vehicle control device, the standard deviation of the temperature of the battery cell, the standard deviation of the state of charge (SOC) of the battery cell, or the standard deviation of the state of health (SOH) of the battery cell to a server via a communication circuit; receiving a signal for updating or enabling a self-diagnostic protocol from the server via a communication circuit based on at least one characteristic value being included in a predetermined upper limit percentage of characteristic values ​​corresponding to at least one characteristic value and obtained from other vehicle control devices, the self-diagnostic protocol being used to identify whether there is an abnormality in the battery cell or battery; updating the self-diagnostic protocol or enabling the self-diagnostic protocol; and performing charging according to the self-diagnostic protocol when charging the battery.

[0036] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the vehicle control method may further include: if the battery is charged, charging is performed according to a self-diagnosis protocol; when charging the battery, at least one of the following or any combination thereof is sent to a server via a communication circuit: the resistance deviation of each battery cell obtained according to an updated or enabled self-diagnosis protocol, the voltage change of each battery cell within a predetermined time obtained according to an updated or enabled self-diagnosis protocol, at least one value depending on the resistance deviation obtained according to an updated or enabled self-diagnosis protocol, or at least one value depending on the voltage change obtained according to an updated or enabled self-diagnosis protocol; based on at least one of the resistance deviation being included in a predetermined resistance deviation range, the voltage change being included in a predetermined voltage change range, at least one value depending on the resistance deviation being included in a predetermined resistance deviation range, or at least one value depending on the voltage change being included in a predetermined voltage change range, or any combination thereof, a signal indicating an abnormality in a battery cell or battery is received from the server via a communication circuit; and the abnormality in the battery cell or battery is indicated to a user.

[0037] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, when charging the battery, at least one of the following or any combination thereof is sent to the server via the communication circuit: the resistance deviation of each battery cell obtained according to an updated or enabled self-diagnosis protocol, the voltage change of each battery cell within a predetermined time obtained according to the updated or enabled self-diagnosis protocol, at least one value depending on the resistance deviation obtained according to the updated or enabled self-diagnosis protocol, or at least one value depending on the voltage change obtained according to the updated or enabled self-diagnosis protocol, which may include: before charging the battery, putting the battery to sleep until the difference between the highest temperature and the lowest temperature of the battery cells is within a predetermined temperature difference range; based on the difference between the highest temperature and the lowest temperature being within the predetermined temperature difference range, charging the battery according to a predetermined SOC value using a first current After charging the battery to a predetermined SOC value, the battery is put into hibernation for a predetermined first time interval, and after the predetermined first time interval, the resistance deviation of each battery cell is obtained based on charging the battery with a second current greater than the first current for a predetermined second time interval. The process of charging the battery with the first current to a predetermined SOC value, putting the battery into hibernation for the predetermined first time interval, and charging the battery with the second current for the predetermined second time interval is repeated until the SOC value of the battery is within a predetermined SOC range indicating charging completion. After the SOC value of the battery is within the predetermined SOC range indicating charging completion, the voltage change of each battery cell within a predetermined time is obtained based on putting the battery into hibernation for a predetermined third time interval. Putting the battery into hibernation may mean stopping the supply of current provided from outside the vehicle to the battery for charging the battery.

[0038] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, when charging the battery, at least one of the following or any combination thereof is sent to the server via the communication circuit: the resistance deviation of each battery cell obtained according to an updated or enabled self-diagnostic protocol, the voltage change of each battery cell within a predetermined time obtained according to an updated or enabled self-diagnostic protocol, at least one value depending on the resistance deviation obtained according to an updated or enabled self-diagnostic protocol, or at least one value depending on the voltage change obtained according to an updated or enabled self-diagnostic protocol, which may include: before charging the battery, putting the battery to sleep or adjusting the temperature of the battery cell by a cooling device provided in the vehicle so that the difference between the highest temperature and the lowest temperature of the battery cell is within a predetermined temperature difference range.

[0039] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, after charging the battery according to a predetermined SOC value, the battery is put to sleep within a predetermined first time interval, and after the predetermined first time interval, the resistance deviation of each battery cell is obtained based on charging the battery with a second current greater than the first current within a predetermined second time interval. This may include: after the predetermined first time interval, based on charging the battery with the second current within a predetermined second time interval, obtaining the resistance deviation of each battery cell according to at least one of a voltage change of each battery cell or a resistance of each battery cell depending on the second current, or any combination thereof.

[0040] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, after charging a battery according to a predetermined SOC value, the battery is put into hibernation for a predetermined first time interval, and after the predetermined first time interval, the resistance deviation of each battery cell is obtained based on charging the battery with a second current greater than the first current for a predetermined second time interval. This may include: obtaining the resistance deviation of each battery cell within a predetermined first preparation time interval after starting to charge the battery with the second current to identify an abnormality in the battery cell or battery due to a cause other than an abnormality in the electrolyte or active material included in the battery; and obtaining the resistance deviation of each battery cell within a predetermined second preparation time interval after the predetermined first preparation time interval to identify an abnormality in the battery cell or battery due to an abnormality in the electrolyte or active material included in the battery. The predetermined second preparation time interval may be identified based on a value obtained by subtracting the predetermined first preparation time interval from the predetermined second time interval.

[0041] The methods and apparatus of the present invention have other features and advantages that will be apparent from or described in more detail in the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description incorporated herein, which together serve to explain certain principles of the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1A is a block diagram showing a configuration of a vehicle control device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 1B is a block diagram showing a configuration of a vehicle control system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 shows an example of a graph showing a criterion for identifying whether at least one feature value is included in an upper limit percentage in a vehicle control device, a vehicle control system, or a vehicle control method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3An example of a graph showing a change in current intensity according to charging time based on a self-diagnosis protocol in a vehicle control device, a vehicle control system, or a vehicle control method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0046] Figure 4 An example of an internal structure of a battery including a battery cell in a vehicle control device, a vehicle control system, or a vehicle control method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0047] Figure 5 shows an example of the degree to which voltage varies according to temperature and SOC value in a vehicle control device, a vehicle control system, or a vehicle control method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 6 shows an example of the degree to which voltage changes over time in a vehicle control device, a vehicle control system, or a vehicle control method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 7 An example of a degree of voltage change according to the temperature of a battery cell in a vehicle control device, a vehicle control system, or a vehicle control method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0050] Figure 8 An example of the operation of the vehicle control device for providing a user with information about an abnormality of a cell or battery in a vehicle control device, a vehicle control system, or a vehicle control method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0051] Figure 9 shows an example of signal transmission between a vehicle control device and a server in a vehicle control device, a vehicle control system, or a vehicle control method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; and

[0052] Figure 10 A computing system related to a vehicle control device, a vehicle control system, or a vehicle control method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0053] It should be understood that the accompanying drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale, but rather present a suitably simplified depiction of various features illustrating the basic principles of the invention. The specific design features of the invention herein, including, for example, specific dimensions, directions, positions, and shapes, will be determined in part by the specific intended application and use environment.

[0054] In the drawings, like reference numbers refer to the same or equivalent parts of the present invention throughout the several figures of the drawing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] Reference will now be made in detail to various embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings and described below. Although the present invention will be described in conjunction with exemplary embodiments thereof, it will be understood that this description is not intended to limit the present invention to those exemplary embodiments thereof. On the other hand, the present invention is intended to cover not only the exemplary embodiments thereof, but also various alternatives, modifications, equivalents, and other embodiments that may be included within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.

[0056] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying exemplary drawings. When adding reference numerals to components in each figure, it should be noted that even if the same component is shown in other figures, it is represented by the same reference numeral. In addition, in order to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the main points of the present invention, detailed descriptions of well-known features or functions will be omitted.

[0057] When describing the components of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the terms first, second, A, B, (a), (b), etc. may be used herein. These terms are only used to distinguish one component from another component, but do not limit the corresponding components and are not related to the order or priority of the corresponding components. In addition, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs. Such terms defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as including the same meaning as the contextual meaning in the relevant technical field, and should not be interpreted as including ideal or overly formal meanings, unless expressly defined in this application as including such meanings.

[0058] In addition, in the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the expression "greater than" or "less than" is used to determine whether a specific condition is satisfied or achieved, but this is only an example and does not exclude the description of "greater than or equal to" or "less than or equal to". A condition described as "greater than or equal to" can be replaced by a condition described as "greater than", a condition described as "less than or equal to" can be replaced by a condition described as "less than", and a condition described as "greater than or equal to and less than" can be replaced by "greater than and less than or equal to". In addition, the expression "A to B" hereinafter refers to at least one of the elements from A (inclusive) to B (inclusive).

[0059] In the following, reference will be made to Figures 1A to 10 Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention are described in detail.

[0060] Figure 1A is a block diagram showing a configuration of a vehicle control device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

[0061] Reference Figure 1AThe vehicle control device 101 may include a communication circuit 103, a battery 105, and a processor 107. The vehicle control device 101 may optionally include a cooling device 109.

[0062] The communication circuit 103 , the battery 105 , the processor 107 , and the cooling device 109 may be electronically and / or operatively coupled to one another via an electronic component, such as a communication bus.

[0063] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, hereinafter, the plurality of hardware pieces being operatively connected to each other may mean that a direct connection or an indirect connection is established between the plurality of hardware pieces in a wired or wireless manner so that a second hardware piece is controlled by a first hardware piece among the plurality of hardware pieces. The types of the plurality of hardware pieces and / or the number of the plurality of hardware pieces included in the vehicle control device 101 are not limited to Figure 1A For example, the vehicle control device 101 may only include Figure 1A Some of the hardware components shown.

[0064] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the processor 107 of the vehicle control device 101 can operate the battery 105 included in the vehicle through a battery management system (BMS), can be configured to control the battery 105 based on the content of communication with another part in the vehicle or a server, can obtain measurement values ​​of the battery 105, or can diagnose or estimate the status of the battery 105.

[0065] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, with the development of BMS, the processor 107 of the vehicle control device 101 may detect signs of the battery 105 in advance before a safety problem occurs, may diagnose the status of the battery 105 , and may monitor the battery 105 .

[0066] As a method for predicting battery life, research has been conducted on obtaining the state of health (SOH) based on big data and physical models.

[0067] As a method for pre-detecting symptoms of battery 105, a technology for monitoring the basic characteristics of battery 105 and diagnosing micro short circuits within the battery cell has been developed. For example, in order to pre-detect symptoms of battery 105, a technology for diagnosing the status of battery 105 during charging using big data has been developed.

[0068] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, in order to pre-detect signs of the battery 105, the processor 107 of the vehicle control device 101 can identify whether the probability that the vehicle will have an accident is greater than a specified probability value. If the probability that the vehicle will have an accident is greater than the specified probability value, battery diagnosis can be performed through a self-diagnosis protocol.

[0069] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, in order to identify whether the probability that an accident will occur in the vehicle is greater than a specified probability value, the processor 107 of the vehicle control device 101 can send at least one characteristic value or any combination of the standard deviation of the voltage of the battery cells included in the battery 105, the standard deviation of the temperature of the battery cells, the standard deviation of the state of charge (SOC) of the battery cells, or the standard deviation of the SOH of the battery cells to the server via the communication circuit 103.

[0070] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a processor of a server can identify whether at least one characteristic value is included in a specified upper limit percentage of characteristic values ​​corresponding to the at least one characteristic value and obtained from other vehicle control devices. The specified upper limit percentage can be determined based on the characteristic value of the vehicle in which the accident occurred. For example, if the vehicle in which the accident occurred is included in a specified percentage (e.g., approximately the top 0.02%), the processor of the server can identify the specified upper limit percentage (e.g., approximately the top 0.2%) based on a value obtained by multiplying the specified percentage by a specified ratio (e.g., approximately 10 times).

[0071] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the processor 107 of the vehicle control device 101 may receive a signal for updating or enabling a self-diagnosis protocol for identifying whether a cell or battery has an abnormality from a server via the communication circuit 103 .

[0072] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the processor 107 of the vehicle control device 101 can update the self-diagnostic protocol or can activate the self-diagnostic protocol. For example, the processor 107 of the vehicle control device 101 can download or update the self-diagnostic protocol from a server via communication (e.g., over-the-air (OTA) communication). For example, the processor 107 of the vehicle control device 101 can activate the self-diagnostic protocol stored in the main board of the vehicle control device 101. If the battery 105 is charged, the processor 107 of the vehicle control device 101 can perform charging according to the self-diagnostic protocol.

[0073] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, when charging the battery 105, the processor 107 of the vehicle control device 101 can obtain at least one of the following or any combination thereof obtained according to an updated or enabled self-diagnostic protocol: the resistance deviation of each battery cell, the voltage change of each battery cell within a specified time, at least one value depending on the resistance deviation, or at least one value depending on the voltage change.

[0074] For example, at least one value depending on the resistance deviation may include a maximum resistance deviation (which is the maximum value among the resistance deviations of the battery cells) and the cell number of the battery cell having the maximum resistance deviation, but the exemplary embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, at least one value depending on the voltage variation may include a maximum voltage variation (which is the maximum value among the voltage variations of the battery cells) and the cell number of the battery cell having the maximum voltage variation, but the exemplary embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0075] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the processor 107 of the vehicle control device 101 may transmit the acquired value to the server via the communication circuit 103 .

[0076] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, based on at least one of the following conditions or any combination thereof being satisfied, the processor of the server may send a signal indicating an abnormality in a battery cell or battery to the vehicle control device 101 via the communication circuit: the resistance deviation is included in a specified resistance deviation range, the voltage variation is included in a specified voltage variation range, the maximum resistance deviation (which is included in at least one value depending on the resistance deviation) is included in the specified resistance deviation range, or the maximum voltage variation (which is included in at least one value depending on the voltage variation) is included in the specified voltage variation range.

[0077] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, based on the maximum resistance deviation among the resistance deviations being greater than or equal to a specified threshold resistance deviation value, the server processor can transmit a signal indicating a cell or battery abnormality to the vehicle control device 101 via the communication circuit. Since cells with increased resistance limit the battery pack's usable range, this can result in a reduction in the battery pack's capacity. The resistance deviation range can be determined based on the threshold resistance deviation value.

[0078] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, if the maximum resistance deviation increases over time to a specific deviation value or more, the server processor can transmit a signal indicating an abnormality in the battery cell or battery to the vehicle control device 101 via the communication circuit. If the resistance deviation gradually increases, there is a higher probability of a safety issue arising over time due to problems such as increased lithium deposition.

[0079] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, based on the voltage change of each battery cell within a specified time being greater than or equal to a threshold voltage change value, the server processor can transmit a signal indicating a cell or battery abnormality to the vehicle control device 101 via the communication circuit. The voltage change range can be determined based on the threshold voltage change value.

[0080] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, based on the voltage variation as a maximum value increasing to a specified voltage variation value or more over time, the processor of the server may transmit a signal indicating cell or battery abnormality to the vehicle control device 101 via the communication circuit.

[0081] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the resistance deviation range and the voltage variation range may vary as the SOH of the battery varies.

[0082] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the server processor may be configured to determine a resistance deviation range based on a resistance deviation of each battery cell included in other vehicle control devices. The server processor may be configured to determine a voltage variation range based on a voltage variation of each battery cell included in other vehicle control devices.

[0083] For example, the server processor may classify the vehicle control devices into two groups (e.g., a group of malfunctioning and a group of non-malfunctioning) based on the number of vehicle control devices (each of which includes a corresponding value as the maximum resistance deviation value). If a graph of the number of vehicle control devices is plotted according to the maximum resistance deviation value, and if the number of vehicle control devices decreases and then increases as the maximum resistance deviation value increases, the server processor may identify a resistance deviation range based on the maximum resistance deviation value of the boundary.

[0084] For another example, if the vehicle control devices are not divided into two groups based on their tendency to depend on the maximum resistance deviation value, the server processor may divide the vehicle control devices into two groups based on an upper limit percentage determined in the maximum resistance deviation values ​​of other vehicle control devices.

[0085] For another example, the server processor may classify the vehicle control devices into two groups based on the number of vehicle control devices (each of which includes a corresponding value as the maximum voltage change value). If a graph of the number of vehicle control devices is plotted according to the maximum voltage change value, and if the number of vehicle control devices decreases and then increases as the maximum voltage change value increases, the server processor may identify a voltage change range based on the maximum voltage change value at the boundary.

[0086] For another example, if the vehicle control devices are not divided into two groups according to their tendency depending on the maximum voltage change value, the server processor may divide the vehicle control devices into two groups based on an upper limit percentage determined in the maximum voltage change values ​​of other vehicle control devices.

[0087] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the cooling device 109 may reduce the temperature of the battery cell or the battery.

[0088] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the processor 107 of the vehicle control device 101 can present a user with an abnormality in a cell or battery. For example, the processor 107 of the vehicle control device 101 can provide the user with a notification suggesting an inspection based on the abnormality in the cell or battery. For example, the processor 107 of the vehicle control device 101 can provide the user with an estimated number of cells and an estimated cause of the abnormality. For example, the processor 107 of the vehicle control device 101 can provide the user with a notification directing the user to a location where the battery can be inspected. However, exemplary embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this.

[0089] Figure 1B is a block diagram showing a configuration of a vehicle control system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

[0090] Reference Figure 1B , the vehicle control system may include a vehicle control device 111 and a server 113. The vehicle control device 111 and the server 113 may transmit and / or receive information related to the state of the battery through communication.

[0091] The vehicle control system may include a vehicle control device 111 and a server 113. The contents of the vehicle control device 111 may refer to Figure 1A Therefore, repeated contents will be omitted.

[0092] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the processor included in the server 113 can receive from the vehicle control device 111 at least one characteristic value of the standard deviation of the voltage of the battery cells in the battery included in the vehicle control device 111, the standard deviation of the temperature of the battery cells, the standard deviation of the SOC of the battery cells, or the standard deviation of the SOH of the battery cells, or any combination thereof.

[0093] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, based on at least one characteristic value being included in a specified upper limit percentage of characteristic values ​​corresponding to at least one characteristic value and obtained from other vehicle control devices, the processor included in the server 113 can send a signal for updating or enabling a self-diagnosis protocol to the vehicle control device 111 via the communication circuit included in the server 113.

[0094] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the processor included in the server 113 can receive at least one of the resistance deviation, the voltage change, at least one value depending on the resistance deviation, or at least one value depending on the voltage change, or any combination thereof from the vehicle control device 111 via the communication circuit included in the server 113.

[0095] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, based on at least one of the following conditions or any combination thereof being satisfied, the processor included in the server 113 may send a signal indicating an abnormality in a battery cell or battery to the vehicle control device 111 via the communication circuit included in the server 113: the resistance deviation is included in a specified resistance deviation range, the voltage change is included in a specified voltage change range, the maximum resistance deviation (which is included in at least one value depending on the resistance deviation) is included in the specified resistance deviation range, or the maximum voltage change (which is included in at least one value depending on the voltage change) is included in the specified voltage change range.

[0096] Figure 2 An example of a graph showing a criterion for identifying whether at least one feature value is included in an upper limit percentage in a vehicle control device, a vehicle control system, or a vehicle control method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0097] Reference Figure 2 , graph 201 may show the number of vehicle control devices having at least one characteristic value.

[0098] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, in order to identify whether the probability that an accident will occur in the vehicle is greater than a specified probability value, the processor of the vehicle control device can send at least one characteristic value or any combination of the standard deviation of the voltage of the battery cells included in the battery, the standard deviation of the temperature of the battery cells, the standard deviation of the SOC of the battery cells, or the standard deviation of the SOH of the battery cells to the server via a communication circuit.

[0099] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, based on at least one characteristic value being included in a specified upper limit percentage of characteristic values ​​corresponding to at least one characteristic value and obtained from other vehicle control devices, the server processor can identify that the probability that the vehicle will have an accident is greater than the specified probability.

[0100] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the processor of the server may identify a specified upper limit percentage based on various criteria to identify vehicle control devices for which the probability of an accident occurring is greater than the specified probability, such as Figure 2203. The plurality of data bars 203 may represent the number of vehicle control devices for which the probability of an accident occurring is greater than a specified probability. For example, if the fire accident rate compared to the number of electric vehicle distribution is a specified percentage (e.g., approximately the top 0.02%), the processor of the server may identify a specified upper limit percentage (e.g., approximately the top 0.2%) based on a value obtained by multiplying the specified percentage by a specified ratio (e.g., approximately 10 times). As an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the fire accident rate compared to the number of electric vehicle distribution may include the fire accident rate compared to the number of electric vehicle distribution in a specified year published by the National Fire Administration statistical data.

[0101] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, based on identifying that the probability that the vehicle including the vehicle control device will have an accident is greater than a specified probability, the processor of the server can send a signal for updating or enabling the self-diagnosis protocol to the vehicle control device via the communication circuit.

[0102] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, based on receiving a signal for updating or enabling the self-diagnosis protocol via the communication circuit, the processor of the vehicle control device can perform charging according to the self-diagnosis protocol during charging of the battery. Figure 3 Provides a description of the contents of charging performed according to the self-diagnostic protocol.

[0103] Figure 3 An example of a graph showing current intensity varying according to charging time based on a self-diagnosis protocol in a vehicle control device, a vehicle control system, or a vehicle control method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0104] Reference Figure 3 , the curve graph 301 may include a first interval 303 , a second interval 305 , a third interval 307 , a fourth interval 309 and a fifth interval 311 .

[0105] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, while executing a self-diagnosis protocol, a processor of a vehicle control device may change the magnitude of current supplied to a battery for charging and may acquire a resistance deviation of each battery cell or a voltage change of each battery cell.

[0106] The processor of the vehicle control device can change the current and obtain resistance deviation or voltage change. However, when obtaining resistance deviation or voltage change without changing the current, the accuracy of the obtained resistance value may be reduced due to slew rate or signal irregularities during driving.

[0107] Furthermore, the self-diagnostic protocol is executed while the battery is charging because if the self-diagnostic protocol is executed while the battery is discharging while the vehicle is driving, a safety issue may arise. In other words, due to safety issues, the battery discharge may be restricted or the supplied current may be adjusted at the user's discretion.

[0108] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a processor of a vehicle control device may release permission of a conversion rate when charging a battery through a self-diagnosis protocol, thereby improving accuracy of resistance deviation and voltage variation.

[0109] In the first interval 303, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, before charging the battery, the processor of the vehicle control device may put the battery to sleep or may adjust the temperature of the battery cells using a cooling device (e.g., cooling device 109) provided in the vehicle until the difference between the highest and lowest temperatures of the battery cells falls within a specified temperature difference range. This is because it can improve the diagnostic accuracy based on the resistance deviation of each battery cell.

[0110] The battery may include a battery pack, and the battery pack includes battery cells. The number of battery cells may be multiple (for example, the number is between about 100 and about 200). There may be differences between the temperatures of the battery cells depending on the driving state of the vehicle before charging the battery and the outside air temperature. Since the resistance of each battery cell is affected by temperature, in order to improve the diagnostic accuracy based on the resistance deviation of each battery cell, the processor of the vehicle control device may adjust the temperature of the battery cell until the difference between the highest temperature and the lowest temperature among the temperatures of the battery cells is within a specified temperature range (for example, about 2°C). For example, the processor of the vehicle control device may adjust the temperature of the battery cell by the coolant in a state where the temperature of the coolant is set to be constant.

[0111] Furthermore, the resistance of each battery cell can change as the SOC value of each battery cell changes. When the battery is in hibernation, the difference in SOC between the battery cells can be reduced by a balancing circuit. Therefore, the diagnostic accuracy based on the resistance deviation of each battery cell can be improved. However, for a battery cell with current leakage, even if the balancing circuit is operating, the SOC may be lower than that of another battery cell and the measured resistance may be large. Since a battery cell with current leakage can be identified by the resistance deviation or voltage change measured later, the processor of the vehicle control device can put the battery into hibernation or may not adjust the SOC of the battery cell until the difference between the highest SOC value and the lowest SOC value among the battery cell SOCs reaches a specified value.

[0112] In the second interval 305, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the processor of the vehicle control device may charge the battery with a first current at a specified SOC (e.g., approximately 10%) within a specified temperature range based on the difference between the maximum temperature and the minimum temperature. The first current may be supplied to the battery to charge the battery.

[0113] In the third interval 307, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the processor of the vehicle control device may put the battery into hibernation for a specified first time interval after the battery is charged at a specified SOC. The processor of the vehicle control device may put the battery into hibernation to eliminate a voltage dependent on polarization (e.g., activation polarization or electrolyte polarization), and may stabilize the voltage of each battery cell based on the elimination of the voltage dependent on polarization, thereby improving the accuracy of diagnosing whether there is an abnormality in the battery cell or battery.

[0114] In the fourth interval 309 , according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the processor of the vehicle control device may obtain the resistance deviation of each battery cell based on charging the battery with a second current greater than the first current within a specified second time interval after the specified first time interval.

[0115] Supplying a second current greater than the first current to obtain the resistance deviation of each battery cell is intended to reduce the resistance error of each battery cell that is dependent on the error of the voltage sensor that measures the voltage of each battery cell. In other words, as the magnitude of the current supplied to the battery increases, the error rate of the voltage of each battery cell measured by the voltage sensor of each battery cell can be reduced.

[0116] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the processor of the vehicle control device can obtain the resistance deviation of each battery cell based on charging the battery using the second current, according to at least one of the voltage change of each battery cell or the resistance of each battery cell depending on the second current, or any combination thereof.

[0117] The processor of the vehicle control device may acquire the resistance of each battery cell based on the voltage change of each battery cell depending on the second current and the current applied to each battery cell. The processor of the vehicle control device may acquire the resistance deviation of each battery cell based on the resistance of each battery cell.

[0118] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the processor of the vehicle control device can change the acquisition time for acquiring the resistance deviation of each battery cell. For example, the processor of the vehicle control device can acquire the resistance deviation of each battery cell within a specified first preparation time interval (e.g., approximately 0.1 seconds) after starting to charge the battery using the second current. The processor of the vehicle control device can acquire the resistance deviation of each battery cell within a specified second preparation time interval (e.g., approximately 10 seconds) after the specified first preparation time interval has passed. The specified second preparation time interval can be identified based on the value obtained by subtracting the specified first preparation time interval from the specified second time interval.

[0119] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the processor of the server can identify abnormalities in a battery cell or battery due to reasons other than abnormalities in an electrolyte or active material included in the battery through the resistance deviation of each battery cell acquired within a specified first preparation time interval.

[0120] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the processor of the server can identify an abnormality in a battery cell or battery due to an abnormality in an electrolyte or active material included in the battery by obtaining a resistance deviation of each battery cell within a specified second preparation time interval after a specified first preparation time interval has passed.

[0121] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, if the acquired SOC values ​​of the battery cells are different, the processor of the vehicle control device may acquire the resistance deviation of each battery cell.

[0122] For example, when charging a battery cell having an SOC less than a reference SOC with the second current, the processor of the vehicle control device may acquire a resistance deviation of each battery cell to identify an abnormality in the battery cell or battery due to the current path.

[0123] The diagnostic accuracy of identifying abnormalities due to the current path based on the resistance of a battery cell having an SOC less than a reference SOC can be higher than the diagnostic accuracy of identifying abnormalities due to the current path based on the resistance of a battery cell having an SOC greater than the reference SOC. This is because the resistance of a battery cell having an SOC less than the reference SOC is greater than the resistance of a battery cell having an SOC greater than the reference SOC. Although the applied current is the same, the voltage change of a battery cell with a larger resistance is greater than that of a battery cell with a smaller resistance, so as the voltage sensor error decreases, the diagnostic accuracy is improved. Abnormalities in a battery cell or battery due to the current path may be caused by factors such as folded tabs and poor welding.

[0124] For example, when charging a battery cell having an SOC greater than a reference SOC with the second current, the processor of the vehicle control device may acquire a resistance deviation of each battery cell to identify an abnormality in the battery cell or battery caused by an internal component of the battery.

[0125] The diagnostic accuracy of identifying an abnormality due to the inside of the battery based on the resistance of the battery cell having an SOC greater than the reference SOC may be higher than the diagnostic accuracy of identifying an abnormality due to the inside of the battery based on the resistance of the battery cell having an SOC less than the reference SOC.

[0126] This is because the electrode volume of a battery cell with an SOC greater than the reference SOC is greater than the electrode volume of a battery cell with an SOC less than the reference SOC. Abnormalities in a battery cell or battery caused by internal battery factors may be caused by lithium precipitation or foreign matter causing an increase in the internal resistance of the battery cell.

[0127] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the processor of the vehicle control device may repeatedly execute the operation of the processor of the vehicle control device in the second interval 305, the operation of the processor of the vehicle control device in the third interval 307, and the operation of the processor of the vehicle control device in the fourth interval 309 until the SOC value of the battery is included in the specified SOC range indicating charging completion.

[0128] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, after executing the operations of the processor of the vehicle control device in the second interval 305, the third interval 307 and the fourth interval 309, the processor of the vehicle control device may put the battery to sleep for a specified time before repeatedly executing the operations of the processor of the vehicle control device in the second interval 305, the third interval 307 and the fourth interval 309.

[0129] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, resting the battery may mean stopping supplying the battery with current provided from outside the host vehicle for charging the battery.

[0130] In the fifth interval 311 , the processor of the vehicle control device may obtain a voltage change of each battery cell within a specified time based on resting the battery within the third time interval after the SOC value of the battery is included in the specified SOC range indicating charging completion.

[0131] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, for a short-circuited battery cell, whether a short circuit occurs and the magnitude of the current can vary with changes in the volume of the battery cell's electrodes. The volume of the battery cell's electrodes can vary with changes in the battery cell's SOC value and the battery cell's temperature.

[0132] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, if the battery is put into hibernation within a specified third time interval, the processor of the vehicle control device may adjust the temperature of the battery or at least some of the battery cells to a specified temperature or higher using a cooling device (e.g., cooling device 109) or a coolant provided in the vehicle. This is because this can improve the accuracy of diagnosis based on the voltage change of each battery cell.

[0133] For short-circuited battery cells, the electrode volume decreases as temperature decreases, so the short-circuit contact area may decrease or the short-circuit connection may become disconnected. Therefore, to improve diagnostic accuracy, the vehicle control unit's processor can charge the battery and then adjust the battery cell temperature to a specified temperature when the battery pack is at a low temperature to identify the presence of a short circuit. The vehicle control unit's processor can then transmit voltage changes for battery cells at or above the specified temperature to a server via a communication circuit.

[0134] For a short-circuited battery cell, the volume of the electrode decreases as the SOC decreases, so the short-circuit contact area may become smaller or the short-circuit connection may become disconnected. Therefore, to improve diagnostic accuracy, if the battery cell's SOC value is within a specified SOC indicating charging completion, the vehicle control device's processor can transmit voltage changes to the server via a communication circuit.

[0135] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the processor of the vehicle control device may change the acquisition time for acquiring the voltage change of each battery cell. For example, the processor of the vehicle control device may acquire the voltage change of each battery cell within a specified third preparation time interval (e.g., approximately 1 hour) after the battery SOC is included in the SOC range indicating charging completion.

[0136] After the SOC value of the battery is included in the SOC range indicating charging completion, within a specified third preparation time interval, a voltage change of at least one battery cell having a resistance greater than that of other battery cells may show a threshold level or higher compared to an average voltage change.

[0137] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the processor of the vehicle control device can identify at least one battery cell having an internal circuit short-circuited among the battery cells by obtaining a voltage change of each battery cell within a specified fourth preparation time interval after a specified third preparation time interval has passed.

[0138] During the designated fourth preparatory time interval, the voltage variation of the short-circuited battery cell may be at or above a threshold level compared to the average voltage variation. The designated fourth preparatory time interval may be identified based on a value obtained by subtracting the designated third preparatory time interval from the designated third time interval.

[0139] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the processor of the vehicle control device can identify at least one battery cell in which an internal circuit of the battery cells has a short circuit based on obtaining a voltage change including an open circuit voltage (OCV) and according to the SOC value of each battery cell corresponding to the OCV of each battery cell.

[0140] Figure 4 An example of an internal structure of a battery including a battery cell in a vehicle control device, a vehicle control system, or a vehicle control method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0141] Reference Figure 4 Battery 401 may include battery cells. The battery cells may include a first battery cell 403 having the lowest temperature and a second battery cell 405 having the highest temperature. A battery module (e.g., a first battery module including first battery cell 403 and a second battery module including second battery cell 405) may include multiple battery cells (e.g., approximately 6 battery cells). The number of battery cells included in battery 401 may be multiple (e.g., between approximately 100 and approximately 200).

[0142] If the air temperature outside battery 401 is lower than the temperature inside battery 401 or the temperature inside battery 401 is higher than the air temperature outside battery 401 due to driving of the vehicle, the temperatures of the battery cells included in battery 401 may differ from each other. Since the resistance of each battery cell is affected by temperature, in order to improve the accuracy of diagnosis based on the resistance deviation of each battery cell, the processor of the vehicle control device may adjust the temperature of the battery cells until the difference between the temperature of second battery cell 405 and the temperature of first battery cell 403 included in battery 401 is within a specified temperature difference range (e.g., approximately 2°C). For example, the processor of the vehicle control device may adjust the temperature of the battery cells using the coolant while the temperature of the coolant is set to a constant level.

[0143] Figure 5 An example of the degree to which voltage varies according to temperature and SOC value in a vehicle control device, a vehicle control system, or a vehicle control method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0144] Reference Figure 5, a change 501 of the battery cell may represent a change in the volume of the electrode according to the SOC value of the battery cell and the temperature of the battery cell. A graph 511 may show a short-circuit resistance value depending on the SOC value of the battery cell.

[0145] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, in the battery cell change 501, if there are foreign debris in the positive electrode inside the battery cell, the short circuit area and whether a short circuit occurs may change with the change of the electrode volume of the battery cell. The foreign debris may be foreign matter.

[0146] The lower the SOC value of a battery cell, the greater the reduction in the volume of the battery cell's electrodes. The lower the temperature, the greater the reduction in the volume of the battery cell's electrodes. In other words, for a battery cell with a short circuit, the smaller the SOC value and the lower the temperature, the smaller the electrode volume can be. The short-circuit contact area can be reduced, or the short-circuit connection can be disconnected.

[0147] For example, in a battery cell having an SOC of approximately 100% and a temperature of approximately 25° C., a short circuit may occur due to foreign debris in the battery cell.

[0148] Since the volume of the electrode is reduced for the battery cell having an SOC of approximately 60% and a temperature of approximately 25° C. compared to the battery cell having an SOC of approximately 100% and a temperature of approximately 25° C., a short circuit may not occur due to foreign debris.

[0149] Furthermore, since the volume of the electrode is reduced for the battery cell having an SOC of approximately 100% and a temperature of approximately -7°C compared to the battery cell having an SOC of approximately 100% and a temperature of approximately 25°C, a short circuit may not occur due to foreign debris.

[0150] Therefore, if the SOC value of the battery cell is included in the specified SOC indicating that charging is complete, in order to improve the accuracy of the diagnosis, the processor of the vehicle control device can adjust the temperature of the battery or at least some of the battery cells so that the temperature of the battery cell is greater than or equal to the specified temperature, and can measure the voltage change of the battery cell.

[0151] In reference numerals 513 and 515 of the graph 511 , changes in the SOC value and the short-circuit resistance according to time when the charged battery rests may be shown.

[0152] In the interval 513 where the SOC is relatively large (for example, the interval where the battery has been dormant for 1 day and 2 days), the short-circuit resistance (for example, a value between about 15Ω and about 20Ω) caused by the leakage current of the short-circuited battery cell can be smaller than the short-circuit resistance (for example, a value between about 50Ω and about 100Ω) caused by the leakage current of the short-circuited battery cell in the interval 515 where the SOC is relatively small (for example, the interval after the battery has been dormant for 2 days).

[0153] Figure 6 An example of the degree to which voltage changes over time in the vehicle control device, the vehicle control system, or the vehicle control method according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0154] Reference Figure 6 The first graph 601 may show changes in the voltage of the battery cell according to the sleep time, and the second graph 611 may show changes in the voltage according to the amount of change in the SOC.

[0155] In the first graph 601 , the magnitude of the voltage change of the battery cell may vary according to the time at which the voltage change is acquired.

[0156] For example, during the first sleep interval 603 (e.g., a time interval from approximately 0 to approximately 1 hour), the voltage change of a battery cell having a resistance greater than that of other battery cells may be greater than the voltage change of a battery cell having an internal short circuit. Therefore, the processor of the vehicle control device can easily identify a battery cell having a resistance greater than that of other battery cells during the first sleep interval 603.

[0157] For example, the processor of the vehicle control device can obtain the voltage change of each battery cell within a specified third preparation time interval (e.g., approximately 1 hour) after the SOC value of the battery is included in the SOC range indicating charging completion.

[0158] For example, during the second sleep period 605 (e.g., a period starting at approximately 2 hours), the voltage change of a battery cell with an internal short circuit may be greater than the voltage change of a battery cell having a resistance greater than that of other battery cells. Therefore, the processor of the vehicle control device can easily identify the battery cell with an internal short circuit during the second sleep period 605.

[0159] In other words, after the designated third preparation time interval has elapsed, the processor of the vehicle control device can identify at least one battery cell having an internal circuit short-circuited by measuring a voltage change of each battery cell within a designated fourth preparation time interval. The designated fourth preparation time interval can be identified based on a value obtained by subtracting the designated third preparation time interval from the designated third time interval.

[0160] In the second graph 611 , in the battery cells having a voltage less than the reference voltage, changes in the SOC values ​​of the battery cells according to the voltage changes may be identified.

[0161] According to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, if a battery cell having a short circuit in an internal circuit is identified, a voltage change of a reference battery cell may be identified from battery cells having a voltage less than a reference voltage.

[0162] The first point 613 may indicate that the SOC value of the battery is included in the SOC range indicating charging completion, and may indicate the voltage of a battery cell having a short circuit in an internal circuit.

[0163] The second point 615 may indicate that the SOC value of the battery is included in the SOC range indicating charging completion, and may indicate a voltage of a battery cell in which there is no short circuit in an internal circuit.

[0164] After the SOC value of the battery is included in the SOC range indicating charging completion, during battery hibernation, the voltage of the battery cell without an internal short circuit may drop by approximately 88 millivolts (mV), and the voltage of the battery cell with an internal short circuit may drop by approximately 88 mV.

[0165] However, after the SOC value of the battery is included in the SOC range indicating charging completion, during battery hibernation, the SOC value of the battery cell without an internal short circuit may drop by about 5%, and the voltage of the battery cell with an internal short circuit may drop by about 12%.

[0166] Therefore, it's possible to identify a short circuit in a battery cell based on changes in its SOC value rather than its voltage. This is because the voltage of a battery cell identified as short-circuited is lower than the reference voltage. The server's processor can convert voltage changes into SOC changes to ensure resolution.

[0167] Therefore, based on obtaining changes in voltages including open circuit voltage (OCV), at least one battery cell having a short circuit in the internal circuit among the battery cells can be identified according to changes in the SOC value of each battery cell corresponding to the OCV of each battery cell.

[0168] Figure 7 An example of a degree of voltage change according to the temperature of a battery cell in a vehicle control device, a vehicle control system, or a vehicle control method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0169] Reference Figure 7 , the graph 701 may show that the change in voltage differs depending on the position of the battery cell.

[0170] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a temperature of a battery cell located outside a battery and a temperature of a battery cell located inside a battery may be different from each other.

[0171] For example, after the battery's SOC value falls within a specified SOC range indicating charging completion (e.g., within approximately 2 hours), the temperature of the external battery cell and the temperature of the internal battery may differ from each other. Therefore, the accuracy of diagnosis based on voltage changes within a specified time period may be reduced.

[0172] Therefore, in order to improve the accuracy of diagnosis, after the SOC value of the battery is included in the specified SOC indicating charging completion, if the difference between the highest temperature and the lowest temperature among the battery cell temperatures is greater than the specified temperature, the processor of the vehicle control device may not be able to recognize the change in the voltage of each battery cell within the third preparation time interval.

[0173] Referring to graph 701, changes in battery voltage may vary depending on the battery's location. If the air temperature outside the battery is lower than the temperature inside the battery (e.g., in winter), or if the temperature inside the battery is higher than the air temperature outside the battery due to vehicle operation, the battery cells located outside the battery are at a lower temperature, and therefore, the voltage change of the battery cells located outside the battery may be greater than the voltage change of the battery cells located inside the battery.

[0174] Figure 8 An example of the operation of the vehicle control device for providing a user with an abnormality in a cell or a battery in the vehicle control device, the vehicle control system, or the vehicle control method according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0175] In the following, it is assumed that Figure 1A The processor 107 of the vehicle control device 101 or Figure 1B The processor of the vehicle control device 111 is configured to execute Figure 8 In addition, Figure 8 In the description of , the operation described as being performed by the processor of the vehicle control device can be understood as being controlled by the processor 107 of the vehicle control device 101 or the processor of the vehicle control device 111. Figure 8 In the description, the operations described as being performed by the processor of the server can be understood as being controlled by the processor of the server 113.

[0176] Reference Figure 8 In a first operation 801 , according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a processor of a vehicle control device may transmit at least one characteristic value to a server via a communication circuit.

[0177] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the at least one characteristic value may include at least one characteristic value of the standard deviation of the voltage of the battery cell, the standard deviation of the temperature of the battery cell, the standard deviation of the SOC of the battery cell, or the standard deviation of the SOH of the battery cell, or any combination thereof.

[0178] In a second operation 803 , according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the processor of the server may classify at least one characteristic value acquired between the same vehicle type and between the same battery systems.

[0179] In a third operation 805 , according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the processor of the server may specify an outlier vehicle through the distribution of feature values.

[0180] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, outlier vehicles may include vehicles whose probability of an accident occurring due to a battery (eg, battery fire risk) is greater than a designated probability value.

[0181] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the processor of the server can identify that a vehicle control device is included in an outlier vehicle based on at least one characteristic value being included in a specified upper limit percentage of characteristic values ​​corresponding to at least one characteristic value obtained from the vehicle control device and obtained from other vehicle control devices.

[0182] In a fourth operation 807 , according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the processor of the vehicle control device may receive a signal for updating or enabling a self-diagnosis protocol from the server via the communication circuit.

[0183] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the self-diagnosis protocol may refer to a protocol for identifying whether a battery cell or a battery has an abnormality.

[0184] In a fifth operation 809 , according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, if the battery is subsequently charged, the processor of the vehicle control device may charge the battery according to the self-diagnosis protocol.

[0185] In the sixth operation 811, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the processor of the vehicle control device may send at least one of the following or any combination thereof to the server via the communication circuit: the resistance deviation of each battery cell, the change in voltage of each battery cell within a specified time, at least one value depending on the resistance deviation, or at least one value depending on the voltage change.

[0186] In a seventh operation 813 , according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the processor of the server may be configured to determine a resistance deviation range and a voltage variation range.

[0187] In the eighth operation 815, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the processor of the server may identify whether the resistance deviation is included in the specified resistance deviation range, or whether the voltage change is included in the specified voltage change range. If the resistance deviation is included in the specified resistance deviation range, or the voltage change is included in the specified voltage change range, the processor of the server may perform a ninth operation 817. If the resistance deviation is not included in the specified resistance deviation range and the voltage change is not included in the specified voltage change range, the processor of the server may end the operation.

[0188] In a ninth operation 817 , according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the processor of the server may transmit a signal indicating an abnormality in the cell or battery to the vehicle control device via the communication circuit.

[0189] In a tenth operation 819 , according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the processor of the vehicle control device may provide the user with an abnormality in the cell or battery.

[0190] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the processor of the vehicle control device may provide the user with an abnormality in the cell or battery based on receiving a signal indicating the abnormality in the cell or battery from the server via the communication circuit.

[0191] Figure 9 An example of signal transmission between a vehicle control device and a server in a vehicle control device, a vehicle control system, or a vehicle control method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0192] In the following, it is assumed that Figure 1A The processor 107 of the vehicle control device 101 or Figure 1B The processor of the vehicle control device 111 is configured to execute Figure 9 process, Figure 1B The processor of the server 113 is configured to execute Figure 9 In addition, Figure 9 In the description of , the operation described as being performed by the processor of the vehicle control device can be understood as being controlled by the processor 107 of the vehicle control device 101 or the processor of the vehicle control device 111. Figure 9 In the description, the operations described as being performed by the processor of the server can be understood as being controlled by the processor of the server 113.

[0193] Reference Figure 9In the first operation 901, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the processor of the vehicle control device 900 can identify at least one characteristic value of the standard deviation of the voltage of the battery cells in the battery, the standard deviation of the temperature of the battery cells, the standard deviation of the SOC of the battery cells, or the standard deviation of the SOH of the battery cells, or any combination thereof.

[0194] In a second operation 903 , according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the processor of the vehicle control device 900 may transmit at least one characteristic value to the server 910 . The processor of the server 910 may receive at least one characteristic value from the vehicle control device 900 .

[0195] In a third operation 905 , according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the processor of the server 910 may identify that at least one feature value is included in a specified upper limit percentage of at least one feature value corresponding to the at least one feature value and acquired from other vehicle control devices.

[0196] In a fourth operation 907, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the processor of the server 910 may transmit a signal for updating or enabling a self-diagnostic protocol (which is used to identify whether an abnormality exists in the battery) to the vehicle control device 900. The processor of the vehicle control device 900 may receive a signal for updating or enabling a self-diagnostic protocol from the server 910.

[0197] In a fifth operation 909 , according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, if the self-diagnosis protocol is updated or enabled and the battery is charged, the processor of the vehicle control device 900 may charge the battery according to the self-diagnosis protocol.

[0198] In the sixth operation 911, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the processor of the vehicle control device 900 can measure at least one of the following or any combination thereof according to the self-diagnosis protocol: the resistance deviation of each battery cell, the voltage change of each battery cell within a specified time, at least one value depending on the resistance deviation, or at least one value depending on the voltage change.

[0199] In a seventh operation 913, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the processor of the vehicle control device 900 may transmit at least one of the following or any combination thereof to the server 910 via the communication circuit: a resistance deviation, a voltage change within a specified time, at least one value depending on the resistance deviation, or at least one value depending on the voltage change. The processor of the server 910 may receive at least one of the following or any combination thereof from the vehicle control device 900: a resistance deviation, a voltage change within a specified time, at least one value depending on the resistance deviation, or at least one value depending on the voltage change.

[0200] In the eighth operation 915, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the processor of the vehicle control device 900 can identify at least one of the following or any combination thereof: the resistance deviation is included in the specified resistance deviation range, the voltage change is included in the specified voltage change range, a condition related to at least one value depending on the resistance deviation is satisfied, or a condition related to at least one value depending on the voltage change is satisfied.

[0201] In a ninth operation 917, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the processor of the server 910 may transmit a signal indicating an abnormality in the cell or battery to the vehicle control device 900. The processor of the vehicle control device 900 may receive a signal indicating an abnormality in the cell or battery from the server 910.

[0202] In a tenth operation 919 , according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the processor of the vehicle control device 900 may provide a user with abnormalities in the cell or battery.

[0203] As the number of electric vehicle sales increases, the frequency of defects is also increasing. With this increasing frequency of defects, preventing the risk of battery fires is becoming increasingly important. To prevent battery fires, technology is needed to continuously monitor batteries during use and diagnose any anomalies.

[0204] As batteries become more advanced, and because the constituent materials of battery cells and the configuration of battery management systems are changing rapidly, many resources are used to collect cases to set appropriate thresholds whenever a new model of electric vehicle is released.

[0205] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a server may collect information fragments from the battery management system of each vehicle control device. A processor of the vehicle control device may designate an outlier vehicle having an accident probability greater than a specified probability and may update or enable a self-diagnostic protocol for the outlier vehicle to obtain a threshold value.

[0206] As sales of electric vehicles increase, the resources required for battery diagnosis (such as time, power, and computing resources) are expected to increase rapidly. Therefore, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, if diagnosis is performed after filtering diagnostic requirements through statistical methods, resource conservation can be ensured.

[0207] Furthermore, diagnosis is performed only on outlier vehicles to improve the performance of electric vehicles.

[0208] Figure 10 A computing system related to a vehicle control device, a vehicle control system, or a vehicle control method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0209] Reference Figure 10The computing system 1000 may include at least one processor 1010 , a memory 1030 , a user interface input device 1040 , a user interface output device 1050 , a storage device 1060 , and a network interface 1070 interconnected via a bus 1020 .

[0210] The processor 1010 may be a central processing unit (CPU) or a semiconductor device for processing instructions stored in the memory 1030 and / or the storage device 1060. The memory 1030 and the storage device 1060 may include various types of volatile or non-volatile storage media. For example, the memory 1030 may include a read-only memory (ROM) 1031 and a random access memory (RAM) 1032.

[0211] Therefore, the operations of the methods or algorithms described in conjunction with the exemplary embodiments included in this specification may be directly implemented by hardware modules, software modules, or a combination of hardware and software modules executed by the processor 1010. The software modules may be located in a storage medium (i.e., the memory 1030 and / or the storage device 1060) such as RAM, flash memory, ROM, EPROM, EEPROM, registers, hard disks, removable disks, and CD-ROMs.

[0212] An exemplary storage medium may be coupled to the processor 1010. The processor 1010 may read information from the storage medium and may write information to the storage medium. Alternatively, the storage medium may be integrated with the processor 1010. The processor and the storage medium may be located in an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC). The ASIC may be located in a user terminal. In another embodiment, the processor and the storage medium may be located in the user terminal as separate components.

[0213] This technology can diagnose abnormalities in a cell or battery.

[0214] In addition, this technology can monitor and diagnose batteries, thereby reducing the risk of battery fires.

[0215] Furthermore, the present technology can easily set the diagnostic threshold of the battery.

[0216] In addition, this technology can perform battery diagnosis through big data, thereby improving the accuracy of battery diagnosis.

[0217] In addition, this technology can diagnose the battery while charging is in progress, thereby improving the user experience.

[0218] In addition, this technology can continuously monitor and diagnose the battery system to prevent fires.

[0219] Furthermore, the present technology can set appropriate diagnostic thresholds according to the rapidly changing configuration of the battery system.

[0220] Furthermore, the present technology can reduce the resources required to monitor the battery.

[0221] Furthermore, various effects determined directly or indirectly by the present invention can be provided.

[0222] Although the present invention has been described above with reference to exemplary embodiments and the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited thereto, but may be variously changed and modified by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as claimed in the appended claims.

[0223] In various exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the above-described operations may be performed by a control device, which may be configured by a plurality of control devices or an integrated single control device.

[0224] In various exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the memory and the processor may be provided as one chip, or as separate chips.

[0225] In various exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the scope of the present invention includes software or machine-executable commands (e.g., operating systems, applications, firmware, programs, etc.) for enabling operations according to the methods of the various embodiments to be performed on a device or computer, and non-transitory computer-readable media including such software or commands stored thereon and executable on a device or computer.

[0226] In various exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the control device may be implemented in the form of hardware or software, or may be implemented in the form of a combination of hardware and software.

[0227] In addition, terms such as “unit” and “module” included in the specification refer to units for processing at least one function or operation, and can be implemented by hardware, software, or a combination thereof.

[0228] In the flowcharts described with reference to the accompanying drawings, the flowcharts may be executed by a controller or a processor. The order of the operations in the flowcharts may be changed, multiple operations may be combined, or any operation may be split, and a specific operation may not be performed. In addition, the operations in the flowcharts may be performed in sequence, but are not required to be performed in sequence. For example, the order of the operations may be changed, and at least two operations may be performed in parallel.

[0229] Hereinafter, a case where multiple pieces of hardware are operably coupled may include a case where direct and / or indirect connections are established between the multiple pieces of hardware via wired and / or wireless means.

[0230] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a vehicle may be referred to as a concept based on various vehicles. In some cases, a vehicle may be interpreted as a concept based on not only various land vehicles traveling on roads (e.g., cars, motorcycles, trucks, and buses), but also various vehicles such as airplanes, drones, and ships.

[0231] For ease of explanation and precise definition in the appended claims, the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "above," "below," "upward," "downward," "front," "back," "backside," "inside," "outside," "inwardly," "outwardly," "interior," "exterior," "inner," "exterior," "forward," and "rearward" are used to describe features of the exemplary embodiments with reference to the positions of such features as shown in the accompanying drawings. It should be further understood that the term "connect" or its derivatives refers to both direct and indirect connections.

[0232] The term "and / or" may include a combination of multiple related listed items or any one of the multiple related listed items. For example, "A and / or B" includes all three cases, for example, "A", "B" and "A and B".

[0233] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, “at least one of A and B” may mean “at least one of A or B” or “at least one of a combination of at least one of A and B.” Furthermore, “one or more of A and B” may mean “one or more of A or B” or “one or more of a combination of one or more of A and B.”

[0234] In this specification, unless otherwise stated, expressions in the singular include expressions in the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0235] In exemplary embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that terms such as “including” or “having” are intended to indicate that the features, values, steps, operations, elements, parts, or combinations thereof described in the specification are present, and do not exclude the possibility of adding or existing one or more other features, values, steps, operations, elements, parts, or combinations thereof.

[0236] According to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, components may be combined with each other to be implemented as one, or some components may be omitted.

[0237] The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention are presented for purposes of illustration and description. They are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed, and obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teachings. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain the specific principles of the invention and its practical application, so as to enable others skilled in the art to make and utilize the various exemplary embodiments of the invention and various alternatives and modifications thereof. The scope of the invention is intended to be defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A vehicle control device, comprising: Communication circuits; A battery comprising a battery cell; and a processor operatively connected to the communication circuitry and the battery; Wherein, the processor is configured as follows: Sending at least one characteristic value of a standard deviation of a battery cell voltage, a standard deviation of a battery cell temperature, a standard deviation of a battery cell state of charge, or a standard deviation of a battery cell state of health, or any combination thereof, to a server via a communication circuit; receiving, from a server via a communication circuit, a signal for updating or enabling a self-diagnostic protocol for identifying whether an abnormality exists in a battery cell or battery, based on the at least one characteristic value being included in a predetermined upper limit percentage of characteristic values ​​corresponding to the at least one characteristic value and acquired from another vehicle control device; Update the self-diagnosis protocol or enable the self-diagnosis protocol; When charging the battery, charging is performed according to the self-diagnosis protocol.

2. The vehicle control device according to claim 1, wherein: The processor is further configured to: When charging the battery, sending at least one of the following or any combination thereof to the server via the communication circuit: a resistance deviation of each battery cell obtained according to an updated or enabled self-diagnosis protocol, a voltage change of each battery cell within a predetermined time obtained according to an updated or enabled self-diagnosis protocol, at least one value dependent on the resistance deviation obtained according to an updated or enabled self-diagnosis protocol, or at least one value dependent on the voltage change obtained according to an updated or enabled self-diagnosis protocol; receiving, from the server via the communication circuit, a signal indicating an abnormality in the battery cell or battery based on at least one of a resistance deviation being within a predetermined resistance deviation range, a voltage variation being within a predetermined voltage variation range, at least one value dependent on the resistance deviation being within a predetermined resistance deviation range, and at least one value dependent on the voltage variation being within a predetermined voltage variation range, or any combination thereof; Indicates to the user an abnormality in the cell or battery.

3. The vehicle control device according to claim 2, wherein: The processor is further configured to: Before charging the battery, resting the battery until a difference between a maximum temperature and a minimum temperature among the battery cell temperatures is within a predetermined temperature difference range; charging the battery at a predetermined SOC value using a first current based on a difference between the maximum temperature and the minimum temperature being within a predetermined temperature difference range; After charging the battery according to a predetermined SOC value, placing the battery in hibernation within a predetermined first time interval, and after the predetermined first time interval, charging the battery with a second current greater than the first current within a predetermined second time interval, obtaining a resistance deviation of each battery cell; Repeating the steps of charging the battery using a first current at a predetermined SOC value, resting the battery for a predetermined first time interval, and charging the battery using a second current for a predetermined second time interval until the SOC value of the battery is within a predetermined SOC range indicating charging completion; obtaining a voltage change of each battery cell within a predetermined time based on causing the battery to rest within a predetermined third time interval after the SOC value of the battery is included in a predetermined SOC range indicating charging completion; Here, resting the battery means stopping the supply of current to the battery that is provided from outside the vehicle and is used to charge the battery.

4. The vehicle control device according to claim 2, wherein: The processor is further configured to: Before charging the battery, the battery is put to sleep or the temperature of the battery cell is adjusted by a cooling device provided in the vehicle so that the difference between the highest temperature and the lowest temperature of the battery cell is within a predetermined temperature difference range.

5. The vehicle control device according to claim 3, wherein: The processor is further configured to: After a predetermined first time interval has elapsed, based on charging the battery with a second current within a predetermined second time interval, a resistance deviation of each battery cell is obtained according to at least one of a voltage change of each battery cell or a resistance of each battery cell depending on the second current, or any combination thereof.

6. The vehicle control device according to claim 3, wherein: The processor is configured as follows: After starting to charge the battery using the second current, obtaining a resistance deviation of each battery cell within a predetermined first preparation time interval to identify an abnormality in the battery cell or battery due to a cause other than an abnormality in an electrolyte or active material included in the battery; After a predetermined first preparation time interval has elapsed, within a predetermined second preparation time interval, obtaining a resistance deviation of each battery cell to identify an abnormality in the battery cell or battery due to an abnormality in an electrolyte or active material included in the battery; The predetermined second preparation time interval is identified based on a value obtained by subtracting the predetermined first preparation time interval from the predetermined second time interval.

7. The vehicle control device according to claim 3, wherein: The processor is further configured to: When charging a battery having an SOC less than a reference SOC using a second current, obtaining a resistance deviation of each battery cell to identify an abnormality in the battery cell or battery caused by a current path; When charging a battery having an SOC greater than a reference SOC with a second current, a resistance deviation of each battery cell is obtained to identify an abnormality in the battery cell or battery due to internal reasons of the battery.

8. The vehicle control device according to claim 3, wherein: The processor is further configured to: When the battery is put to rest within the predetermined third time interval, the temperature of the battery or the temperature of at least some of the battery cells is adjusted to a predetermined temperature or higher.

9. The vehicle control device according to claim 3, wherein: The processor is further configured to: After the SOC value of the battery is included in the SOC range indicating charging completion, obtaining a voltage change within a predetermined third preparation time interval to identify at least one battery cell having a resistance greater than resistances of the other battery cells; After the predetermined third preparation time interval has elapsed, within a predetermined fourth preparation time interval, obtaining a voltage change within the predetermined fourth preparation time interval to identify at least one battery cell having an internal circuit short-circuited in the battery cells; Here, the predetermined fourth preparation time interval is identified based on a value obtained by subtracting the predetermined third preparation time interval from the predetermined third time interval.

10. The vehicle control device according to claim 9, wherein: Based on obtaining the voltage variation including the open circuit voltage, at least one battery cell having an internal circuit short-circuited among the battery cells is identified according to the variation of the SOC value of each battery cell corresponding to the open circuit voltage of each battery cell.

11. The vehicle control device according to claim 2, wherein: determining a resistance deviation range based on a resistance deviation of each battery cell included in other vehicle control devices; The voltage variation range is determined based on the voltage variation of each battery cell included in other vehicle control devices.

12. A vehicle control system comprising: vehicle control devices; and server; The processor included in the vehicle control device is configured as follows: transmitting, via a communication circuit included in the vehicle control device, to a server at least one characteristic value of a standard deviation of voltages of battery cells in a battery included in the vehicle control device, a standard deviation of temperatures of the battery cells, a standard deviation of states of charge of the battery cells, or a standard deviation of states of health of the battery cells, or any combination thereof; receiving, from a server via a communication circuit included in the vehicle control device, a signal for updating or enabling a self-diagnostic protocol for identifying whether an abnormality exists in a battery cell or battery; Update the self-diagnosis protocol or enable the self-diagnosis protocol; When charging the battery, the charging is performed according to the self-diagnosis protocol; The processor included in the server is configured as follows: Based on at least one feature value being included in a predetermined upper limit percentage of feature values ​​corresponding to the at least one feature value and acquired from other vehicle control devices, a signal for updating or enabling a self-diagnostic protocol is transmitted to the vehicle control device via a communication circuit included in the server.

13. The vehicle control system according to claim 12, wherein: The processor included in the vehicle control device is further configured to: When charging the battery, transmitting at least one of the following or any combination thereof to a server via a communication circuit included in the vehicle control device: a resistance deviation of each battery cell obtained according to an updated or enabled self-diagnostic protocol, a voltage change within a predetermined time of each battery cell obtained according to an updated or enabled self-diagnostic protocol, at least one value dependent on the resistance deviation obtained according to an updated or enabled self-diagnostic protocol, or at least one value dependent on the voltage change obtained according to an updated or enabled self-diagnostic protocol; receiving a signal indicating an abnormality in a cell or battery from a server via a communication circuit included in the vehicle control device; Indicates abnormalities in the cell or battery to the user; The processor included in the server is further configured to: receiving, via a communication circuit included in the server, at least one of a resistance deviation, a voltage change, at least one value dependent on the resistance deviation, or at least one value dependent on the voltage change, or any combination thereof, from a vehicle control device; Based on identifying at least one of the following: resistance deviation is included in a predetermined resistance deviation range, voltage change is included in a predetermined voltage change range, at least one value depending on the resistance deviation is included in a predetermined resistance deviation range, at least one value depending on the voltage change is included in a predetermined voltage change range, or any combination thereof, a signal indicating an abnormality in a battery cell or battery is sent to a vehicle control device via a communication circuit included in the server.

14. The vehicle control system according to claim 13, wherein: The processor included in the server is further configured to: identifying, after starting to charge the battery with a second current greater than a first current for charging the battery at a predetermined SOC, an abnormality in the battery cell or battery due to a cause other than an abnormality in an electrolyte or an active material included in the battery, based on a resistance deviation acquired within a predetermined first preparation time interval; After the predetermined first preparation time interval has elapsed, an abnormality in the battery cell or battery due to an abnormality in an electrolyte or an active material included in the battery is identified based on the resistance deviation acquired within a predetermined second preparation time interval.

15. The vehicle control system according to claim 13, wherein: The processor included in the server is further configured to: identifying, after the SOC value of the battery is included in the SOC range indicating charging completion, at least one battery cell having a greater resistance than the other battery cells among the battery cells based on a voltage change acquired within a predetermined third preparation time interval; After the predetermined third preparation time interval has elapsed, at least one battery cell having an internal circuit short-circuited among the battery cells is identified based on the voltage change acquired within a predetermined fourth preparation time interval.

16. The vehicle control system according to claim 15, wherein: The processor included in the server is further configured to: At least one battery cell having a short circuit in an internal circuit among the battery cells is identified based on the open circuit voltage included in the voltage variation and the SOC value of each battery cell corresponding to the open circuit voltage of each battery cell.

17. The vehicle control system according to claim 13, wherein: The processor included in the server is further configured to: determining a resistance deviation range based on a resistance deviation of each battery cell included in other vehicle control devices; The voltage variation range is determined based on the voltage variation of each battery cell included in other vehicle control devices.

18. A method performed by a vehicle control device, the method comprising: sending at least one characteristic value of a standard deviation of voltages of battery cells in a battery included in the vehicle control device, a standard deviation of temperatures of the battery cells, a standard deviation of states of charge of the battery cells, or a standard deviation of states of health of the battery cells, or any combination thereof, to a server via a communication circuit; receiving, from a server via a communication circuit, a signal for updating or enabling a self-diagnostic protocol for identifying whether an abnormality exists in a battery cell or battery, based on the at least one characteristic value being included in a predetermined upper limit percentage of characteristic values ​​corresponding to the at least one characteristic value and acquired from another vehicle control device; Update the self-diagnosis protocol or enable the self-diagnosis protocol; When charging the battery, charging is performed according to the self-diagnosis protocol.

19. The method according to claim 18, further comprising: When charging the battery, sending at least one of the following or any combination thereof to the server via the communication circuit: a resistance deviation of each battery cell obtained according to an updated or enabled self-diagnosis protocol, a voltage change of each battery cell within a predetermined time obtained according to an updated or enabled self-diagnosis protocol, at least one value dependent on the resistance deviation obtained according to an updated or enabled self-diagnosis protocol, or at least one value dependent on the voltage change obtained according to an updated or enabled self-diagnosis protocol; receiving, from the server via the communication circuit, a signal indicating an abnormality in the battery cell or battery based on at least one of a resistance deviation being within a predetermined resistance deviation range, a voltage variation being within a predetermined voltage variation range, at least one value dependent on the resistance deviation being within a predetermined resistance deviation range, or at least one value dependent on the voltage variation being within a predetermined voltage variation range, or any combination thereof; Indicates to the user an abnormality in the cell or battery.

20. The method according to claim 19, wherein When charging the battery, at least one of the following or any combination thereof is sent to the server via the communication circuit: a resistance deviation of each battery cell obtained according to an updated or enabled self-diagnosis protocol, a voltage change of each battery cell within a predetermined time obtained according to an updated or enabled self-diagnosis protocol, at least one value dependent on the resistance deviation obtained according to the updated or enabled self-diagnosis protocol, or at least one value dependent on the voltage change obtained according to the updated or enabled self-diagnosis protocol, including: Before charging the battery, resting the battery until a difference between a maximum temperature and a minimum temperature among the battery cell temperatures is within a predetermined temperature difference range; charging the battery at a predetermined SOC value using a first current based on a difference between the maximum temperature and the minimum temperature being within a predetermined temperature difference range; After charging the battery according to a predetermined SOC value, placing the battery in hibernation within a predetermined first time interval, and after the predetermined first time interval has elapsed, charging the battery with a second current greater than the first current within a predetermined second time interval, obtaining a resistance deviation of each battery cell; Repeating the steps of charging the battery using a first current at a predetermined SOC value, resting the battery for a predetermined first time interval, and charging the battery using a second current for a predetermined second time interval until the SOC value of the battery is within a predetermined SOC range indicating charging completion; obtaining a voltage change of each battery cell within a predetermined time based on causing the battery to rest within a predetermined third time interval after the SOC value of the battery is included in a predetermined SOC range indicating charging completion; Here, resting the battery means stopping the supply of current to the battery that is provided from outside the vehicle and is used to charge the battery.

21. The method according to claim 19, wherein When charging the battery, at least one of the following or any combination thereof is sent to the server via the communication circuit: a resistance deviation of each battery cell obtained according to an updated or enabled self-diagnosis protocol, a voltage change of each battery cell within a predetermined time obtained according to an updated or enabled self-diagnosis protocol, at least one value dependent on the resistance deviation obtained according to the updated or enabled self-diagnosis protocol, or at least one value dependent on the voltage change obtained according to the updated or enabled self-diagnosis protocol, including: Before charging the battery, the battery is put to sleep or the temperature of the battery cell is adjusted by a cooling device provided in the vehicle so that the difference between the highest temperature and the lowest temperature of the battery cell is within a predetermined temperature difference range.

22. The method according to claim 20, wherein After charging the battery according to a predetermined SOC value, placing the battery in hibernation within a predetermined first time interval, and after the predetermined first time interval, charging the battery with a second current greater than the first current within a predetermined second time interval, obtaining a resistance deviation of each battery cell, including: After a predetermined first time interval has elapsed, based on charging the battery with a second current within a predetermined second time interval, a resistance deviation of each battery cell is obtained according to at least one of a voltage change of each battery cell or a resistance of each battery cell depending on the second current, or any combination thereof.

23. The method according to claim 20, wherein After charging the battery according to a predetermined SOC value, placing the battery in hibernation within a predetermined first time interval, and after the predetermined first time interval, charging the battery with a second current greater than the first current within a predetermined second time interval, obtaining a resistance deviation of each battery cell, including: After starting to charge the battery using the second current, obtaining a resistance deviation of each battery cell within a predetermined first preparation time interval to identify an abnormality in the battery cell or battery due to a cause other than an abnormality in an electrolyte or active material included in the battery; After a predetermined first preparation time interval has elapsed, within a predetermined second preparation time interval, obtaining a resistance deviation of each battery cell to identify an abnormality in the battery cell or battery due to an abnormality in an electrolyte or active material included in the battery; The predetermined second preparation time interval is identified based on a value obtained by subtracting the predetermined first preparation time interval from the predetermined second time interval.

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