Gas-liquid two-phase pump jet propeller

Abstract

The invention provides a gas-liquid two-phase pump jet propeller, which belongs to the technical field of underwater propellers and comprises a propeller shell, a nozzle assembly, a pump body assembly and a gas inlet system, a propeller inner cavity is arranged in the propeller shell, and a mixing chamber is arranged in the middle of the propeller inner cavity; the gas inlet system comprises a gas storage tank which is communicated with the mixing chamber through a gas conduit; the nozzle assembly comprises an outer annular cone and an inner annular cone, the outer annular cone is connected with the outer wall of the propeller, and the inner annular cone is connected with an inner cavity of the propeller through a mechanical connecting rod. The pump body assembly comprises a propeller shaft, a stator, blades and a propeller hub are sequentially arranged on the propeller shaft, the propeller hub is located in the mixing chamber, the stator is connected with an inner cavity of the propeller, and the blades are located between the propeller hub and the stator. By arranging the device capable of adjusting the size of the nozzle, control over thrust and efficiency is improved. Meanwhile, the mixing effect of gas-liquid two-phase fluid can be effectively improved, and the propelling efficiency is remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of underwater propellers, and in particular relates to a gas-liquid two-phase pump-jet propeller. Background Art

[0002] Currently, propeller propulsion is the mainstream propulsion method for underwater vehicles. Propeller propulsion is a traditional underwater propulsion method used by the vast majority of underwater vehicles. However, when a vehicle is traveling at high speed, the high-speed rotation of the propeller can cause cavitation, which in turn reduces the propeller's thrust and causes severe cavitation damage.

[0003] As an advanced propulsion technology for ships and submarines, pump-jets are widely used in commercial marine applications due to their low noise, high efficiency, and excellent maneuverability. Their enclosed design reduces cavitation noise, offering significant advantages over traditional propeller propulsion in terms of stealth and maneuverability. However, pump-jets still have room for improvement in propulsion efficiency at high speeds, particularly in complex environments or with unusual fluid conditions, where efficiency can decrease significantly.

[0004] Gas-liquid two-phase thrusters optimize thrust output by mixing the flow of gas and liquid. Their unique gas-liquid interaction can improve propulsion efficiency under specific conditions, while also providing excellent cooling and reducing cavitation. While such thrusters have seen initial application in aerospace, research in marine propulsion systems is relatively limited. The complex flow characteristics and instabilities of gas-liquid two-phase fluids also pose challenges to their design and control. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a gas-liquid two-phase pump-jet propeller.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A gas-liquid two-phase pump-jet propulsor comprises a propeller housing, a nozzle assembly, a pump body assembly, and a gas intake system. The propeller housing is provided with a propeller inner cavity, and a mixing chamber is provided in the middle of the propeller inner cavity. The gas intake system comprises a gas storage tank, which is located outside the propeller housing and communicates with the mixing chamber through a gas conduit.

[0008] The nozzle assembly is located at the end of the propeller, and the nozzle assembly includes an outer annular cone and an inner annular cone. The outer annular cone is connected to the outer wall of the propeller, and the inner annular cone is connected to the inner cavity of the propeller through a mechanical connecting rod;

[0009] The pump body assembly includes a propeller shaft, on which a stator, a propeller blade, and a propeller hub are sequentially arranged. The propeller hub is located in a mixing chamber, the stator is connected to an inner cavity of a propeller, and the propeller blade is located between the propeller hub and the stator.

[0010] Furthermore, the mixing chamber is a hollow cylindrical structure, and a plurality of perforations are provided on the wall of the mixing chamber. The perforations are evenly distributed along the axis and their directions are perpendicular to the axis.

[0011] Furthermore, the diameter of the perforation gradually increases from the front end to the rear end, so as to enhance the mixing effect of the gas-liquid two-phase fluid.

[0012] Furthermore, a partial hollow area is provided on the outer wall of the mixing chamber and the inner periphery of the propeller cavity, and the size of the gap in the hollow area gradually decreases from the front end to the rear end, so as to ensure sufficient contact between the gas and the liquid and form a stable gas-liquid two-phase fluid.

[0013] Furthermore, the front end of the mixing chamber is sealedly connected to the annular nozzle, and the rear end of the mixing chamber is sealedly connected to the inner cavity of the propeller.

[0014] Furthermore, cylindrical air-jet holes are evenly arranged on the annular nozzle along the axis, and the gas conduit is connected with the hollow area through the air-jet holes.

[0015] Furthermore, the inner wall openings at both ends of the propeller housing are trumpet-shaped, the diameter of one end of the propeller housing is gradually expanding, and the diameter of the other end of the propeller housing is contracting, the left end has an expansion trend, and the right end has a contraction trend, and the water inlet diameter at the left end is larger than the water outlet diameter at the right end, which is used to increase the power output of the propeller.

[0016] Furthermore, a gas filter and a regulating valve are sequentially arranged on the gas conduit. The regulating valve is used to control the gas flow rate, and the gas filter is used to prevent impurities from entering the mixing chamber.

[0017] Furthermore, the mechanical connecting rod is connected to the inner cavity of the propeller and the inner annular cone, and is evenly distributed along the axis of rotation. By stretching the mechanical connecting rod, the outlet diameter of the inner annular cone is changed, thereby changing the nozzle size, further optimizing the thrust adjustment capability.

[0018] Furthermore, the outer annular cone and the inner annular cone are both made of elastic material, and the contact surfaces of the outer annular cone and the inner annular cone can move relatively to control the size of the nozzle.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0020] In some embodiments of the present invention, the pump body can effectively guide the movement of gas-liquid two-phase fluid, forming a more stable and efficient thrust output. At the same time, the present invention facilitates greater control over thrust and efficiency by providing a device that can adjust the size of the nozzle.

[0021] In some embodiments of the present invention, the internal structure of the propeller is connected through a sealed connection to ensure that the gas-liquid two-phase fluid does not leak during the mixing process, thereby improving the propulsion efficiency and effectively preventing bubbles from entering the propeller and generating noise.

[0022] By optimizing the design of the mixing chamber and gas intake system, this invention can effectively enhance the mixing effect of gas-liquid two-phase fluids and significantly improve propulsion efficiency. Compared with traditional pump-jet propulsion, gas-liquid two-phase propulsion technology can generate higher thrust under the same conditions and reduce energy consumption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a gas-liquid two-phase pump-jet propulsor;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the propeller shaft, hub, stator and blade structure of a gas-liquid two-phase pump-jet propulsor;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the annular nozzle structure of a gas-liquid two-phase pump-jet propulsor;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the mixing chamber structure of a gas-liquid two-phase pump-jet propulsor;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the nozzle structure of a gas-liquid two-phase pump-jet propulsor;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a gas-liquid two-phase pump-jet propulsor after nozzle expansion.

[0029] In the accompanying drawings: 1- propeller housing, 2- blades, 3- stator, 4- propeller shaft, 5- propeller hub, 6- annular nozzle, 7- regulating valve, 8- gas filter, 9- gas storage tank, 10- mixing chamber, 11- mechanical connecting rod, 12- outer annular cone, 13- inner annular cone, 14- gas pipeline, 15- jet hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0032] Example 1 like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the gas-liquid two-phase pump-jet propulsor of this embodiment includes a propeller housing 1, blades 2, a stator 3, a propeller shaft 4, a propeller hub 5, an annular nozzle 6, a regulating valve 7, a gas filter 8, a gas storage tank 9, a mixing chamber 10, a mechanical connecting rod 11, an outer annular cone 12, an inner annular cone 13, a gas pipeline 14 and a jet hole 15.

[0033] Among them, the propeller shell 1 is used to accommodate various components and protect the internal structure, and the external connection can be connected to the aircraft through a standard installation interface. The inner wall openings at both ends of the propeller shell 1 are trumpet-shaped, with the left end showing an expansion trend to decelerate and pressurize the incoming flow, and the right end showing a contraction trend to increase the fluid velocity, and the water inlet diameter at the left end is larger than the water outlet diameter at the right end, forming a pressure gradient to increase the power output of the propeller; a mixing chamber 10 is provided in the propeller, and the mixing chamber 10 is located in the middle section of the propeller, adopts a hollow cylinder design and is installed horizontally, and its wall is provided with a plurality of perforations for injecting gas, and the gas mixes with the fluid in the mixing chamber to form a bubble flow. The bubbles expand under the action of the pressure gradient and do work on the liquid, thereby increasing the thrust performance of the propeller, and the perforations are evenly distributed along the axis rotation, and the directions are perpendicular to the axis. The perforation aperture is not a single size, and includes three apertures, which gradually increase from the front end to the rear end. The small holes in the front section control the initial bubble size, and the large holes in the rear section maintain the gas volume balance. The uniform distribution and Diversified apertures can effectively enhance the mixing effect of the gas-liquid two-phase fluid. A partial hollow area is provided on the outer wall of the mixing chamber 10 and the inner periphery of the propeller cavity. The size of the gap in the hollow area gradually decreases from the front end to the rear end, forming a tapered flow channel to accelerate the mixing process, so as to ensure sufficient contact between the gas and the liquid and form a stable gas-liquid two-phase fluid; the left end of the mixing chamber 10 is connected to the annular nozzle 6, and the left end of the annular nozzle 6 is connected to the propeller cavity. A sealing device is provided at the connection to ensure no leakage, thereby improving the mixing efficiency. Six cylindrical jet holes 15 with the same aperture are evenly arranged on the annular nozzle 6 along the axis to ensure uniform gas injection. At the intersection of the front end of the jet hole 15 and the propeller cavity, an annular gap is horizontally arranged along the propeller cavity as a gas distribution cavity to balance the pressure of each jet hole, and the gas pipeline 14 is connected to the hollow area through the jet hole 15. A gas storage tank 9, a regulating valve 7 and a gas filter 8 are connected to the outside. The gas filter 8 is arranged between the gas storage tank 9 and the regulating valve 7 to prevent impurities from entering the mixing chamber, thereby affecting the mixing effect of the gas-liquid two-phase fluid. The gas storage tank 9 stores compressed gas and can carry different types of gas as needed. The regulating valve 7 is used to control the gas flow rate to meet the needs of different environments.

[0034] The blades 2 are arranged near the annular nozzle 6 along the axial direction, and the blades 2 are fixedly mounted on the propeller shaft 4. A rotating shaft is provided at a fixed position thereof, which can be rotated by the motor to generate thrust, and the thrust is further increased under the action of bubble expansion; a stator 3 is installed at the left end of the blade 2, and the stator 3 is connected to the propeller cavity and the propeller shaft 4 to guide the incoming flow so that the fluid enters the rotor area with a more uniform speed and direction. The stator 3 and the blades 2 are evenly distributed along the rotation of the propeller shaft 4. A total of nine stators 3 and seven blades 2 are provided. A hub 5 is installed at the end of the propeller shaft 4, and the propeller shaft 4 is horizontally installed along the axis. The front end of the propeller shaft 4 is connected to the motor to drive the blades to rotate;

[0035] The water outlet of the propeller housing 1 is connected to the inner annular cone 13 near the inner wall, and is connected to the outer annular cone 12 near the outer wall. The connection is hinged and can rotate within a certain range. The annular cones are made of elastic materials and can be deformed within a certain range. The contact surfaces of the inner annular cone 13 and the outer annular cone 12 can move relative to each other to control the size of the nozzle; the size of the nozzle is controlled by the mechanical connecting rod 11, which is connected to the inner cavity of the propeller and the inner annular cone 13, and is evenly distributed along the axis of rotation. A total of four mechanical connecting rods 11 are provided. By stretching the mechanical connecting rod 11, the outlet diameter of the inner annular cone 13 is changed, thereby changing the size of the nozzle, thereby further optimizing the thrust adjustment capability.

[0036] In this embodiment, when installing different components, it is ensured that the inner walls of the components are connected flush to ensure that the flow path in the propeller is smooth.

[0037] Example 2:

[0038] The difference between the gas-liquid two-phase pump-jet propulsor of this embodiment and that of the first embodiment is that:

[0039] The inner wall of the mixing chamber 10 is increased with a perforation layout having various apertures and more gas pipes 14 are added to further enhance the gas-liquid mixing effect and improve the adaptability of the propeller under different loads.

[0040] For other structures, please refer to the first embodiment.

[0041] Example 3:

[0042] The difference between the gas-liquid two-phase pump-jet propulsor of this embodiment and that of the first embodiment is that:

[0043] The gas-liquid two-phase pump-jet propulsor of this embodiment shortens the inlet expansion end and the mixing chamber length, making the propulsor more compact and more adaptable. By optimizing the structural integration, this embodiment reduces system complexity while ensuring thrust output, making it suitable for use in applications where space is limited or high efficiency is required.

[0044] For other structures, please refer to the first embodiment.

[0045] Working principle: The design of the gas-liquid two-phase propeller system of the present invention comprehensively considers the mixing of gas-liquid two-phase fluids, nozzle adjustment and power control, gas intake system, and optimization of thrust and efficiency. The device is first assembled and then connected to the rudder compartment of the ship's hull through the propeller shaft 4. By using perforations of different apertures in the mixing chamber 10, it is ensured that the gas and liquid are fully in contact while suppressing cavitation, reducing noise and extending the life of the components. The clearance fit between the blade 2 and the stator 3 ensures efficient power transmission. The nozzle adjusts the opening size through a mechanical connecting rod to control the thrust output. The gas intake system accurately adjusts the gas flow and pressure, and filters impurities at the same time to ensure stable operation. The metal structure of the propeller adopts a new manufacturing process to forge the bar stock and directly five-axis CNC processing to form it, which is conducive to improving processing efficiency, ensuring the accuracy of the propeller profile, and improving the surface roughness. The use of duplex stainless steel propellers has higher strength and stronger corrosion resistance.

[0046] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gas-liquid two-phase pump-jet propulsor, characterized by: The invention comprises a propeller housing (1), a nozzle assembly, a pump assembly, and a gas intake system: the propeller housing (1) is provided with a propeller inner cavity, and a mixing chamber (10) is provided in the middle of the propeller inner cavity; the gas intake system comprises a gas storage tank (9), the gas storage tank (9) is located outside the propeller housing (1) and is connected to the mixing chamber (10) through a gas conduit (14); The nozzle assembly is located at the end of the propeller, and the nozzle assembly includes an outer annular cone (12) and an inner annular cone (13). The outer annular cone (12) is connected to the outer wall of the propeller, and the inner annular cone (13) is connected to the inner cavity of the propeller through a mechanical connecting rod (11); The pump body assembly comprises a propeller shaft (4), on which a stator (3), a propeller blade (2), and a propeller hub (5) are sequentially arranged. The propeller hub (5) is located in a mixing chamber (10), the stator (3) is connected to an inner cavity of a propeller, and the propeller blade (2) is located between the propeller hub (5) and the stator (3).

2. A gas-liquid two-phase pump-jet propulsor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mixing chamber (10) is a hollow cylindrical structure. The wall of the mixing chamber (10) is provided with a plurality of perforations, and the perforations are evenly distributed along the axis and in directions perpendicular to the axis.

3. A gas-liquid two-phase pump-jet propulsor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The diameter of the perforation gradually increases from the front end to the rear end, so as to enhance the mixing effect of the gas-liquid two-phase fluid.

4. A gas-liquid two-phase pump-jet propulsor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer wall of the mixing chamber (10) and the inner periphery of the propeller cavity are provided with a partial hollow area, and the size of the gap in the hollow area gradually decreases from the front end to the rear end, so as to ensure sufficient contact between the gas and the liquid and form a stable gas-liquid two-phase fluid.

5. The gas-liquid two-phase pump-jet propulsor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The front end of the mixing chamber (10) is sealedly connected to the annular nozzle (6), and the rear end of the mixing chamber (10) is sealedly connected to the inner cavity of the propeller.

6. A gas-liquid two-phase pump-jet propulsor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The annular nozzle (6) is provided with cylindrical air injection holes (15) that are evenly arranged along the axis of rotation, and the gas conduit (14) is connected to the hollow area through the air injection holes (15).

7. The gas-liquid two-phase pump-jet propulsor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall openings at both ends of the propeller housing (1) are in a trumpet shape, the diameter of one end of the propeller housing (1) is gradually expanding, and the diameter of the other end of the propeller housing (1) is contracting, with the left end showing an expansion trend and the right end showing a contraction trend, and the water inlet diameter at the left end is larger than the water outlet diameter at the right end, so as to improve the power output of the propeller.

8. The gas-liquid two-phase pump-jet propulsor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gas filter (8) and a regulating valve (7) are sequentially arranged on the gas conduit (14). The regulating valve (7) is used to control the gas flow rate, and the gas filter (8) is used to prevent impurities from entering the mixing chamber.

9. The gas-liquid two-phase pump-jet propulsor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mechanical connecting rod (11) is connected to the inner cavity of the propeller and the inner annular cone (13), and is evenly distributed along the axis of rotation. By stretching the mechanical connecting rod (11), the outlet diameter of the inner annular cone (13) is changed, thereby changing the nozzle size, further optimizing the thrust adjustment capability.

10. The gas-liquid two-phase pump-jet propulsor according to claim 9, characterized in that: The outer annular cone (12) and the inner annular cone (13) are both made of elastic material, and the contact surfaces of the outer annular cone (12) and the inner annular cone (13) can move relatively to control the size of the nozzle.

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