A corrosion-resistant and waterproof cable and its preparation method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of cable technology and discloses a corrosion-resistant and waterproof cable and a method for preparing the same. The corrosion-resistant and waterproof cable of the present invention comprises, from the inside out, a conductor, an insulating layer, a shielding layer, a waterproof layer, and a sheath layer. The waterproof layer is extruded with polyethylene to improve the waterproof performance of the electrical material. The sheath layer uses modified PVC and thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer as main raw materials, and is added with functional additives such as plasticizers, heat stabilizers, lubricants, and composite flame retardants to impart excellent corrosion resistance and flame retardancy to the sheath layer. Therefore, the cable prepared by the present invention has good application prospects in humid and corrosive environments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cables, and in particular to a corrosion-resistant and waterproof cable and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As the core carrier of electrical energy and signal transmission, the long-term reliability and safety of cables are crucial. In numerous demanding applications, such as marine engineering, petrochemicals, sewage treatment, underground pipelines, mining, humid and rainy regions, and food processing, cables must withstand not only conventional electrical and mechanical stresses but also the continuous erosion and penetration of corrosive media (acids, alkalis, salts, solvents, oils, etc.) and moisture (liquid water, water vapor, and high humidity). This dual threat can easily lead to degradation of cable insulation, conductor corrosion, and sheath aging and cracking, ultimately causing serious safety incidents such as short circuits, leakage, and even fire.

[0003] Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) has long been one of the most commonly used and mature base materials for cable sheathing due to its high cost-effectiveness, excellent processing properties, moderate mechanical strength, good flame retardancy, fair weather resistance, and inherent resistance to chemical corrosion such as acids, alkalis, and salts. Standard PVC-sheathed cables are widely used in general environments such as building wiring and fixed installations. Despite the widespread application of PVC sheathing, traditional or standard-formulation PVC sheathing has disadvantages such as limited waterproofing performance and insufficient corrosion resistance in demanding long-term corrosion and waterproofing scenarios. Therefore, the development of cables with excellent corrosion resistance and waterproofing properties, especially the outermost sheath layer, has become a key research direction in the field of cable technology. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a corrosion-resistant and waterproof cable and a preparation method thereof.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A corrosion-resistant and waterproof cable comprises a copper conductor, an EPDM rubber extruded outside the copper conductor forms an insulation layer, an aluminum-plastic composite tape is wrapped around the insulation layer to form a shielding layer, polyethylene is extruded outside the shielding layer to form a waterproof layer, and a sheathing material is extruded outside the waterproof layer to form a sheathing layer;

[0007] The sheath material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of modified PVC, 20-30 parts of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, 1.5-3.5 parts of crosslinking agent, 3-5 parts of plasticizer, 3.5-5.5 parts of heat stabilizer, 0.5-1.5 parts of lubricant, 8-15 parts of calcium carbonate, 5-10 parts of composite flame retardant, 3-6 parts of compatibilizer, and 1-2 parts of antioxidant;

[0008] Furthermore, the cross-linking agent is dicumyl peroxide;

[0009] Furthermore, the plasticizer is one of dibutyl phthalate and diethyl phthalate;

[0010] Furthermore, the thermal stabilizer is thermal stabilizer RUP-110C;

[0011] Furthermore, the lubricant is one of calcium stearate or polyethylene wax;

[0012] Furthermore, the composite flame retardant is a mixture of aluminum hydroxide, ammonium polyphosphate and triphenyl phosphate, wherein the mass ratio of aluminum hydroxide, ammonium polyphosphate and triphenyl phosphate is 5:3:2;

[0013] Furthermore, the compatibilizer is one of EVA-g-MAH or PE-g-MAH;

[0014] Furthermore, the antioxidant is one of antioxidant 168 or antioxidant 1010;

[0015] The modified PVC is prepared by the following steps:

[0016] Step A1: γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane, 2,4,6,8-tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane, and trifluoromethanesulfonic acid are mixed, and the mixture is stirred under nitrogen at room temperature for 18-24 hours. Anhydrous sodium bicarbonate is added, and the mixture is stirred for 1-2 hours. Anhydrous sodium sulfate is added, and the mixture is stirred for 1 hour. The mixture is filtered, rotary evaporated, and the concentrated solution is collected and dried to obtain hydrogenated organosilicon;

[0017] Furthermore, in step A1, the molar ratio of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane and 2,4,6,8-tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane is 1-2:3-5:1-2;

[0018] Furthermore, the trifluoromethanesulfonic acid in step A1 is 0.3 wt%-0.4 wt% of the total amount of reactants;

[0019] Furthermore, in step A1, the anhydrous sodium bicarbonate and anhydrous sodium sulfate account for 20wt%-30wt% and 35wt%-45wt% of the total reactants, respectively;

[0020] Step A2: Mix and stir the hydrogenated organosilicon in toluene, which is referred to as solution 1. Under nitrogen, mix and stir 4-hydroxystyrene, Karstedt catalyst, and toluene, raise the temperature to 80° C., slowly add solution 1 dropwise, and raise the temperature to 100° C. for stirring and reacting for 18-24 hours. Rotary evaporation, extraction, secondary rotary evaporation, and drying are performed to obtain phenolic organosilicon.

[0021] Furthermore, in step A2, the ratio of 4-hydroxystyrene, Karstedt catalyst, toluene and solution 1 is 1.34-4.02 g:0.00015-0.0003 g:15 mL:15 mL;

[0022] Furthermore, the ratio of hydrogenated organosilicon to toluene in the solution 1 of step A2 is 1.2-2.6 g:15 mL;

[0023] Step A3: Mix and stir the phenol-based organosilicon in ethanol, add hexagonal boron nitride and mix evenly, transfer to a sand mill, and then add zirconium oxide sand mill beads with a diameter of 2 mm for sand milling. Remove the sand mill beads, collect the suspension, sonicate for 3 hours, centrifuge, collect the supernatant, and freeze-dry to obtain a modifier precursor;

[0024] Furthermore, in step A3, the ratio of phenol-based silicone, ethanol, hexagonal boron nitride and zirconium oxide sand grinding beads is 4-8 g:200 mL:1.5-3 g:200-400 g;

[0025] Furthermore, in the sand milling process of step A3, the rotation speed of the sand mill is 2000 rpm, and the sand milling time is 8-12 hours;

[0026] Step A4, adding a modifier precursor, potassium carbonate, 3-bromopropyne and acetone to a reactor in sequence, reflux stirring and reacting for 12-16 hours, filtering, rotary evaporation, purification, and drying to obtain a modifier; weighing raw materials by weight, adding 10 parts of PVC-N3, 10-10.5 parts of modifier and 5 parts of cuprous bromide to a reactor in sequence, evacuating, purifying, adding 200 mL of tetrahydrofuran under nitrogen conditions, then freezing, evacuating, thawing, and purging with nitrogen to remove oxygen from the solution, then adding 5-6 parts of N,N,N',N'',N''-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine, and reacting under nitrogen for 10-12 hours, precipitating, purifying, concentrating, secondary precipitation, and drying to obtain modified PVC;

[0027] Furthermore, in the modifier described in step A4, the ratio of phenolic hydroxyl group, potassium carbonate, 3-bromopropyne and acetone in the modifier precursor is 0.1 mol: 2-3 g: 0.101-0.103 mol: 100 mL;

[0028] Furthermore, the PVC-N3 in step A4 is prepared by introducing an azide group into the PVC chain.

[0029] A method for preparing a corrosion-resistant and waterproof cable comprises the following steps:

[0030] Step S1, extruding ethylene propylene rubber onto the outside of the copper conductor to form an insulating layer, wrapping an aluminum-plastic composite tape onto the outside of the insulating layer to form a shielding layer, and extruding polyethylene onto the outside of the shielding layer to form a waterproof layer;

[0031] Step S2, weighing the raw materials by weight, mixing the modified PVC, plasticizer, heat stabilizer, lubricant, calcium carbonate, composite flame retardant, compatibilizer and antioxidant, stirring at 130-140°C for 5-8 minutes, then adding thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer and cross-linking agent and mixing, transferring to a twin-screw extruder, extruding at 170-190°C, and extruding on the outside of the waterproof layer to form a sheath layer, thereby obtaining a corrosion-resistant and waterproof cable.

[0032] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0033] The cable prepared by the present invention comprises, from the inside to the outside, a conductor, an insulating layer, a shielding layer, a waterproof layer and a sheath layer, wherein the waterproof layer is extruded with polyethylene, which can improve the waterproof performance of the electrical material; the sheath layer uses modified PVC and thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer as main raw materials, and is added with functional additives such as plasticizers, heat stabilizers, lubricants, and composite flame retardants to give the sheath layer excellent corrosion resistance, flame retardancy, etc.

[0034] The sheath layer of the present invention is different from the traditional PVC sheath layer, and adopts modified PVC and thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer as main raw materials, which gives the sheath layer excellent corrosion resistance. This is because the modified PVC molecular chain is grafted with the modifier via a grafting reaction. The modifier can hinder the penetration of corrosive media into the PVC molecular chain, thereby reducing the cleavage of C-Cl bonds caused by corrosive media. The alkynyl group contained in the modifier reacts with the PVC molecular chain containing azide groups to form a nitrogen heterocycle. The nitrogen heterocycle is chemically inert and not easily corroded by corrosive substances. It can also protect the surrounding C-Cl bonds through steric hindrance, thereby improving the corrosion resistance of the matrix. The boron nitride in the modifier has a layered structure, forming a physical barrier and an isolation effect in the matrix, greatly extending the penetration path of the corrosive media and significantly reducing its diffusion rate, effectively preventing or delaying the corrosive media from reaching the internal conductors or structures. The surface coating of the organosilicon improves the interfacial compatibility between the boron nitride and the PVC molecular chain, achieving good dispersion. At the same time, the organosilicon layer itself has a certain degree of hydrophobicity and chemical stability, providing an additional layer of protection for the boron nitride and synergistically enhancing its resistance to corrosive media. In addition, the modifier is grafted onto the PVC molecular chain by covalent bond grafting, which greatly improves the dispersibility and compatibility of boron nitride in the PVC matrix and reduces agglomeration. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] The PVC-N3 used in the following examples was prepared by the following steps: 3 g of PVC, 3.8 g of sodium azide, and 1.3 g of tetra-n-octylammonium bromide were added sequentially to a reactor, 30 mL of tetrahydrofuran was added while stirring, and the temperature was raised to 50° C. and stirred for 18 hours. 70 mL of tetrahydrofuran was then added, stirred, and allowed to stand for 2 hours. 300 mL of methanol aqueous solution (methanol:water volume ratio of 2:1) was added, and the mixture was filtered, precipitated, filtered a second time, and dried to obtain PVC-N3.

[0037] The composite flame retardant used in the following examples is a mixture of aluminum hydroxide, ammonium polyphosphate and triphenyl phosphate, wherein the mass ratio of aluminum hydroxide, ammonium polyphosphate and triphenyl phosphate is 5:3:2.

[0038] Example 1: Modified PVC is prepared by the following steps:

[0039] Step A1: 0.1 mol of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 0.3 mol of 1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane, 0.1 mol of 2,4,6,8-tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane, and trifluoromethanesulfonic acid were mixed, and the mixture was stirred under nitrogen at room temperature for 18 hours. Anhydrous sodium bicarbonate was added and stirred for 1 hour. Anhydrous sodium sulfate was added and stirred for 1 hour. The mixture was filtered and rotary evaporated. The concentrated solution was collected and dried to obtain hydrogenated organosilicon. The trifluoromethanesulfonic acid accounted for 0.3 wt% of the total reactants, and the anhydrous sodium bicarbonate and anhydrous sodium sulfate accounted for 20 wt% and 35 wt% of the total reactants, respectively.

[0040] Step A2: 1.2 g of hydrogenated organosilicon was mixed and stirred in 15 mL of toluene, which was recorded as solution 1. Under nitrogen conditions, 1.34 g of 4-hydroxystyrene, 0.00015 g of Karstedt catalyst, and 15 mL of toluene were mixed and stirred, and the temperature was raised to 80° C., 15 mL of solution 1 was slowly added dropwise, and the temperature was raised to 100° C. and stirred for 18 h. The mixture was rotary evaporated, extracted, rotary evaporated again, and dried to obtain phenolic organosilicon.

[0041] Step A3, 4 g of phenol-based organosilicon was mixed and stirred in 200 mL of ethanol, 1.5 g of hexagonal boron nitride was added and mixed evenly, and the mixture was transferred to a sand mill jar, and 200 g of zirconia sand mill beads with a diameter of 2 mm were added for sand milling. The sand mill beads were removed, and the suspension was collected and ultrasonicated for 3 h. The suspension was centrifuged, the supernatant was collected, and the suspension was freeze-dried to obtain a modifier precursor. The sand mill speed during the sand milling process was 2000 rpm, and the sand milling time was 8 h.

[0042] Step A4, the modifier precursor, potassium carbonate, 3-bromopropyne and acetone were sequentially added to the reactor, refluxed and stirred for 12 hours, filtered, rotary evaporated, purified, and dried to obtain the modifier; the raw materials were weighed by weight, 10 parts of PVC-N3, 10 parts of the modifier and 5 parts of cuprous bromide were sequentially added to the reactor, vacuumed, passed through nitrogen, 200 mL of tetrahydrofuran was added under nitrogen conditions, and then frozen, vacuumed, thawed, and passed through nitrogen to remove oxygen in the solution, and then 5 parts of N,N,N',N'',N''-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine were added, and reacted under nitrogen conditions for 10 hours, precipitated, purified, concentrated, secondary precipitated, and dried to obtain modified PVC, and the amount ratio of phenolic hydroxyl group, potassium carbonate, 3-bromopropyne and acetone in the modifier precursor was 0.1 mol: 2 g: 0.101 mol: 100 mL.

[0043] Example 2: Modified PVC is prepared by the following steps:

[0044] Step A1: 0.15 mol of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 0.4 mol of 1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane, 0.15 mol of 2,4,6,8-tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane, and trifluoromethanesulfonic acid were mixed, and the mixture was stirred under nitrogen at room temperature for 21 hours. Anhydrous sodium bicarbonate was added and stirred for 1.5 hours. Anhydrous sodium sulfate was added and stirred for 1 hour. The mixture was filtered and rotary evaporated. The concentrated solution was collected and dried to obtain hydrogenated organosilicon. The trifluoromethanesulfonic acid accounted for 0.35 wt% of the total reactants, and the anhydrous sodium bicarbonate and anhydrous sodium sulfate accounted for 25 wt% and 40 wt% of the total reactants, respectively.

[0045] Step A2: 1.9 g of hydrogenated organosilicon was mixed and stirred in 15 mL of toluene, which was recorded as solution 1. Under nitrogen conditions, 2.68 g of 4-hydroxystyrene, 0.00022 g of Karstedt catalyst, and 15 mL of toluene were mixed and stirred, and the temperature was raised to 80° C., 15 mL of solution 1 was slowly added dropwise, and the temperature was raised to 100° C. and stirred for 21 hours. The mixture was rotary evaporated, extracted, rotary evaporated again, and dried to obtain phenolic organosilicon.

[0046] Step A3, 6 g of phenol-based organosilicon was mixed and stirred in 200 mL of ethanol, 2.2 g of hexagonal boron nitride was added and mixed evenly, and the mixture was transferred to a sand mill jar, and 300 g of zirconia sand mill beads with a diameter of 2 mm were added for sand milling. The sand mill beads were removed, the suspension was collected, ultrasonicated for 3 h, centrifuged, the supernatant was collected, and freeze-dried to obtain a modifier precursor. The sand mill speed during the sand milling process was 2000 rpm, and the sand milling time was 10 h;

[0047] Step A4, the modifier precursor, potassium carbonate, 3-bromopropyne and acetone were sequentially added to the reactor, refluxed and stirred for 14 hours, filtered, rotary evaporated, purified, and dried to obtain the modifier; the raw materials were weighed by weight, 10 parts of PVC-N3, 10.3 parts of the modifier and 5 parts of cuprous bromide were sequentially added to the reactor, vacuumed, passed through nitrogen, 200 mL of tetrahydrofuran was added under nitrogen conditions, and then frozen, vacuumed, thawed, and passed through nitrogen to remove oxygen in the solution, and then 5.5 parts of N,N,N',N'',N''-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine were added, and reacted under nitrogen conditions for 11 hours, precipitated, purified, concentrated, secondary precipitated, and dried to obtain modified PVC, and the amount ratio of phenolic hydroxyl group, potassium carbonate, 3-bromopropyne and acetone in the modifier precursor was 0.1 mol:2.5 g:0.102 mol:100 mL.

[0048] Example 3: Modified PVC is prepared by the following steps:

[0049] Step A1: 0.2 mol of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 0.5 mol of 1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane, 0.2 mol of 2,4,6,8-tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane, and trifluoromethanesulfonic acid were mixed, and the mixture was stirred under nitrogen at room temperature for 24 hours. Anhydrous sodium bicarbonate was added and stirred for 2 hours. Anhydrous sodium sulfate was added and stirred for 1 hour. The mixture was filtered and rotary evaporated. The concentrated solution was collected and dried to obtain hydrogenated organosilicon. The trifluoromethanesulfonic acid accounted for 0.4 wt% of the total reactants, and the anhydrous sodium bicarbonate and anhydrous sodium sulfate accounted for 30 wt% and 45 wt% of the total reactants, respectively.

[0050] Step A2: 2.6 g of hydrogenated organosilicon was mixed and stirred in 15 mL of toluene, which was recorded as solution 1. Under nitrogen conditions, 4.02 g of 4-hydroxystyrene, 0.0003 g of Karstedt catalyst, and 15 mL of toluene were mixed and stirred, and the temperature was raised to 80° C., 15 mL of solution 1 was slowly added dropwise, and the temperature was raised to 100° C. and stirred for 24 hours. The mixture was rotary evaporated, extracted, rotary evaporated again, and dried to obtain phenolic organosilicon.

[0051] Step A3, 8 g of phenol-based organosilicon was mixed and stirred in 200 mL of ethanol, 3 g of hexagonal boron nitride was added and mixed evenly, and the mixture was transferred to a sand mill jar, and then 400 g of zirconia sand mill beads with a diameter of 2 mm were added for sand milling. The sand mill beads were removed, the suspension was collected, ultrasonicated for 3 h, centrifuged, the supernatant was collected, and freeze-dried to obtain a modifier precursor. The sand mill speed during the sand milling process was 2000 rpm, and the sand milling time was 12 h.

[0052] Step A4, the modifier precursor, potassium carbonate, 3-bromopropyne and acetone were sequentially added to the reactor, refluxed and stirred for 16 hours, filtered, rotary evaporated, purified, and dried to obtain the modifier; the raw materials were weighed by weight, 10 parts of PVC-N3, 10.5 parts of the modifier and 5 parts of cuprous bromide were sequentially added to the reactor, vacuumed, passed through nitrogen, 200 mL of tetrahydrofuran was added under nitrogen conditions, and then frozen, vacuumed, thawed, and passed through nitrogen to remove oxygen in the solution, and then 6 parts of N,N,N',N'',N''-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine were added, and reacted under nitrogen conditions for 12 hours, precipitated, purified, concentrated, secondary precipitated, and dried to obtain modified PVC, and the amount ratio of phenolic hydroxyl group, potassium carbonate, 3-bromopropyne and acetone in the modifier precursor was 0.1 mol: 3 g: 0.103 mol: 100 mL.

[0053] Example 4: A method for preparing a corrosion-resistant and waterproof cable comprises the following steps:

[0054] Step S1, extruding ethylene propylene rubber onto the outside of the copper conductor to form an insulating layer, wrapping an aluminum-plastic composite tape onto the outside of the insulating layer to form a shielding layer, and extruding polyethylene onto the outside of the shielding layer to form a waterproof layer;

[0055] Step S2, weighing the raw materials by weight, mixing 40 parts of the modified PVC prepared in Example 1, 3 parts of dibutyl phthalate, 3.5 parts of heat stabilizer RUP-110C, 0.5 parts of calcium stearate, 8 parts of calcium carbonate, 5 parts of composite flame retardant, 3 parts of compatibilizer EVA-g-MAH and 1 part of antioxidant 168, stirring at 130°C for 5 minutes, then adding 20 parts of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer and 1.5 parts of dicumyl peroxide and mixing, transferring to a twin-screw extruder, extruding at 170°C, and then extruding on the outside of the waterproof layer to form a sheath layer, thereby obtaining a corrosion-resistant and waterproof cable.

[0056] Example 5: A method for preparing a corrosion-resistant and waterproof cable comprises the following steps:

[0057] Step S1, extruding ethylene propylene rubber onto the outside of the copper conductor to form an insulating layer, wrapping an aluminum-plastic composite tape onto the outside of the insulating layer to form a shielding layer, and extruding polyethylene onto the outside of the shielding layer to form a waterproof layer;

[0058] Step S2, weighing the raw materials by weight, mixing 50 parts of the modified PVC prepared in Example 2, 4 parts of diethyl phthalate, 4.5 parts of heat stabilizer RUP-110C, 1 part of polyethylene wax, 12 parts of calcium carbonate, 7 parts of composite flame retardant, 4.5 parts of compatibilizer PE-g-MAH and 1.5 parts of antioxidant 1010, stirring at 135°C for 7 minutes, then adding 25 parts of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer and 2.5 parts of dicumyl peroxide and mixing, transferring to a twin-screw extruder, extruding at 180°C, and then extruding on the outside of the waterproof layer to form a sheath layer, thereby obtaining a corrosion-resistant and waterproof cable.

[0059] Example 6: A method for preparing a corrosion-resistant and waterproof cable comprises the following steps:

[0060] Step S1, extruding ethylene propylene rubber onto the outside of the copper conductor to form an insulating layer, wrapping an aluminum-plastic composite tape onto the outside of the insulating layer to form a shielding layer, and extruding polyethylene onto the outside of the shielding layer to form a waterproof layer;

[0061] Step S2, weighing the raw materials by weight, mixing 60 parts of the modified PVC prepared in Example 3, 5 parts of diethyl phthalate, 5.5 parts of heat stabilizer RUP-110C, 1.5 parts of polyethylene wax, 15 parts of calcium carbonate, 10 parts of composite flame retardant, 6 parts of compatibilizer PE-g-MAH and 2 parts of antioxidant 1010, stirring at 140°C for 8 minutes, then adding 30 parts of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer and 3.5 parts of dicumyl peroxide and mixing, transferring to a twin-screw extruder, extruding at 190°C, and then extruding on the outside of the waterproof layer to form a sheath layer, thereby obtaining a corrosion-resistant and waterproof cable.

[0062] Comparative Example 1: This comparative example is a cable, which differs from Example 6 in that PVC resin is used instead of the modified PVC prepared in Example 3, and the rest are the same.

[0063] Comparative Example 2: This comparative example is a cable, which differs from Example 6 in that no waterproof layer is provided, and the rest are the same.

[0064] The cables prepared in Examples 4-6 and Comparative Examples 1-2 were subjected to performance tests:

[0065] Corrosion resistance test: The cable samples were immersed in 25wt% hydrochloric acid solution, 25wt% sodium hydroxide solution, and 25wt% sodium chloride solution under the same conditions for 200 hours. The surface corrosion was then observed.

[0066] Waterproof performance test: Refer to GB / T 3048.8-2007 "Electrical performance test methods for wires and cables Part 8: AC voltage test". Bend the cable and place it in a 5% NaCl solution. Apply AC current continuously for 10 hours. The cable passes the test if there is no breakdown.

[0067] The test results are shown in Table 1:

[0068] Table 1: Performance test results

[0069]

[0070] As can be seen from Table 1, the cable prepared by the present invention was subjected to a corrosion resistance test. After being immersed in a 25wt% hydrochloric acid solution, a 25wt% sodium hydroxide solution, and a 25wt% sodium chloride solution for 200 hours, there was no corrosion on the surface of the cable after being taken out, indicating that the cable has excellent corrosion resistance; the waterproof performance test was carried out. The cable was bent and placed in a 5% NaCl solution, and alternating current was continuously applied for 10 hours. The cable did not break down. The test shows that the cable has excellent waterproof performance.

[0071] The above content is merely an example and explanation of the concept of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or replace them in a similar manner. As long as they do not deviate from the scope defined by the concept of the invention, they should all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A corrosion-resistant and waterproof cable, characterized in that: It includes a copper conductor, an EPDM rubber is extruded outside the copper conductor to form an insulation layer, an aluminum-plastic composite tape is wrapped outside the insulation layer to form a shielding layer, a polyethylene is extruded outside the shielding layer to form a waterproof layer, and a sheath material is extruded outside the waterproof layer to form a sheath layer; The sheath material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of modified PVC, 20-30 parts of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, 1.5-3.5 parts of crosslinking agent, 3-5 parts of plasticizer, 3.5-5.5 parts of heat stabilizer, 0.5-1.5 parts of lubricant, 8-15 parts of calcium carbonate, 5-10 parts of composite flame retardant, 3-6 parts of compatibilizer, and 1-2 parts of antioxidant; The modified PVC is prepared by reacting PVC-N3 with a modifier, wherein the modifier is prepared by reacting a modifier precursor with 3-bromopropyne, wherein the modifier precursor is prepared by sand-milling phenol-based silicone and hexagonal boron nitride, wherein the phenol-based silicone is prepared by reacting hydrogen-containing silicone with 4-hydroxystyrene, wherein the hydrogen-containing silicone is prepared by reacting γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane and 2,4,6,8-tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane, and the PVC-N3 is prepared by introducing an azide group into the PVC chain.

2. A corrosion-resistant and waterproof cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The modified PVC is prepared by the following steps: Step A1: γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane, 2,4,6,8-tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane, and trifluoromethanesulfonic acid are mixed, and the mixture is stirred under nitrogen at room temperature for 18-24 hours. Anhydrous sodium bicarbonate is added, and the mixture is stirred for 1-2 hours. Anhydrous sodium sulfate is added, and the mixture is stirred for 1 hour. The mixture is filtered, rotary evaporated, and the concentrated solution is collected and dried to obtain hydrogenated organosilicon; Step A2: Mix and stir the hydrogenated organosilicon in toluene, which is referred to as solution 1. Under nitrogen, mix and stir 4-hydroxystyrene, Karstedt catalyst, and toluene, raise the temperature to 80° C., slowly add solution 1 dropwise, and raise the temperature to 100° C. for stirring and reacting for 18-24 hours. Rotary evaporation, extraction, secondary rotary evaporation, and drying are performed to obtain phenolic organosilicon. Step A3: Mix and stir the phenol-based organosilicon in ethanol, add hexagonal boron nitride and mix evenly, transfer to a sand mill, and then add zirconium oxide sand mill beads with a diameter of 2 mm for sand milling. Remove the sand mill beads, collect the suspension, sonicate for 3 hours, centrifuge, collect the supernatant, and freeze-dry to obtain a modifier precursor; Step A4, adding a modifier precursor, potassium carbonate, 3-bromopropyne and acetone to a reactor in sequence, reflux stirring and reacting for 12-16 hours, filtering, rotary evaporation, purification, and drying to obtain a modifier; weighing raw materials by weight, adding 10 parts of PVC-N3, 10-10.5 parts of modifier and 5 parts of cuprous bromide to a reactor in sequence, evacuating, purging with nitrogen, adding 200 mL of tetrahydrofuran under nitrogen conditions, then freezing, evacuating, thawing, and purging with nitrogen to remove oxygen from the solution, then adding 5-6 parts of N,N,N',N'',N''-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine, and reacting for 10-12 hours under nitrogen conditions, precipitating, purifying, concentrating, secondary precipitation, and drying to obtain modified PVC.

3. A corrosion-resistant and waterproof cable according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step A1, the molar ratio of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane and 2,4,6,8-tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane is 1-2:3-5:1-2.

4. The corrosion-resistant and waterproof cable according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step A1, the trifluoromethanesulfonic acid accounts for 0.3wt%-0.4wt% of the total amount of the reactants, and the anhydrous sodium bicarbonate and anhydrous sodium sulfate account for 20wt%-30wt% and 35wt%-45wt% of the total amount of the reactants, respectively.

5. The corrosion-resistant and waterproof cable according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step A2, the ratio of 4-hydroxystyrene, Karstedt catalyst, toluene and solution 1 is 1.34-4.02 g:0.00015-0.0003 g:15 mL:15 mL, and the ratio of hydrogenated organosilicon and toluene in solution 1 is 1.2-2.6 g:15 mL.

6. The corrosion-resistant and waterproof cable according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step A3, the amount ratio of phenol-based silicone, ethanol, hexagonal boron nitride and zirconium oxide sand grinding beads is 4-8g:200mL:1.5-3g:200-400g, the speed of the sand mill during the sand grinding treatment is 2000rpm, and the sand grinding time is 8-12h.

7. The corrosion-resistant and waterproof cable according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the modifier described in step A4, the ratio of phenolic hydroxyl group, potassium carbonate, 3-bromopropyne and acetone in the modifier precursor is 0.1 mol: 2-3 g: 0.101-0.103 mol: 100 mL.

8. The corrosion-resistant and waterproof cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crosslinking agent is dicumyl peroxide, the plasticizer is one of dibutyl phthalate and diethyl phthalate, the heat stabilizer is heat stabilizer RUP-110C, the lubricant is one of calcium stearate or polyethylene wax, the compatibilizer is one of EVA-g-MAH or PE-g-MAH, and the antioxidant is one of antioxidant 168 or antioxidant 1010.

9. The corrosion-resistant and waterproof cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite flame retardant is a mixture of aluminum hydroxide, ammonium polyphosphate and triphenyl phosphate, wherein the mass ratio of aluminum hydroxide, ammonium polyphosphate and triphenyl phosphate is 5:3:

2.

10. A method for preparing the corrosion-resistant and waterproof cable according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1, extruding ethylene propylene rubber onto the outside of the copper conductor to form an insulating layer, wrapping an aluminum-plastic composite tape onto the outside of the insulating layer to form a shielding layer, and extruding polyethylene onto the outside of the shielding layer to form a waterproof layer; Step S2, weighing the raw materials by weight, mixing the modified PVC, plasticizer, heat stabilizer, lubricant, calcium carbonate, composite flame retardant, compatibilizer and antioxidant, stirring at 130-140°C for 5-8 minutes, then adding thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer and cross-linking agent and mixing, transferring to a twin-screw extruder, extruding at 170-190°C, and extruding on the outside of the waterproof layer to form a sheath layer, thereby obtaining a corrosion-resistant and waterproof cable.

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