High-carbon-chromium bearing steel wire surface strengthening treatment process and device

Abstract

The invention provides a high-carbon-chromium bearing steel wire surface strengthening treatment process and device. The high-carbon-chromium bearing steel wire surface strengthening treatment process comprises the steps of a, heating a high-carbon-chromium bearing steel wire to 850-950 DEG C and keeping the temperature for 20-40 minutes to obtain a uniform austenite structure, and b, carrying out quenching treatment under a controlled atmosphere, rapidly cooling the steel wire to room temperature by using oil cooling or air cooling as a cooling medium to obtain a fine martensite structure, c, carrying out first low-temperature tempering treatment at the tempering temperature of 150-200 DEG C for 1-2 hours so as to eliminate part of internal stress of the steel wire and improve the toughness; according to the surface strengthening treatment process and device for the high-carbon-chromium bearing steel wire, by combining various advanced surface treatment technologies, the problem of machining deformation easily occurring in a traditional process and the phenomenon that the performance is reduced due to the fact that a surface strengthening layer possibly cracks or peels off are remarkably solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of steel wire surface strengthening treatment, in particular to a high-carbon chromium bearing steel wire surface strengthening treatment process and a device. Background Art

[0002] The surface strengthening process for high-carbon chromium bearing steel wire mainly includes the following steps: First, the steel wire is heated to an appropriate temperature through heat treatment to improve the material's microstructure. This is followed by quenching and tempering to increase the hardness and strength of the steel wire while ensuring its toughness. Next, surface strengthening treatment, typically using methods such as shot peening or laser surface quenching, applies compressive stress to the surface of the steel wire to improve its fatigue resistance and wear resistance. The core principle of these steps is to enhance its mechanical properties by changing the stress state and grain structure of the material surface, enabling it to adapt to higher loads and extend its service life.

[0003] While this process significantly improves the surface hardness and wear resistance of high-carbon chromium bearing steel wire, it also has significant drawbacks. Due to the multi-step process of heat treatment and surface hardening, deformation is prone to occur during processing, affecting the precision of the final product. Under high stress and complex operating conditions, the surface hardening layer may crack or peel, resulting in performance degradation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a surface strengthening treatment process and device for high-carbon chromium bearing steel wire, which solves the problem that deformation during the processing process is easy to occur, affecting the accuracy of the final product; and the surface strengthening layer may crack or peel off, resulting in performance degradation.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a high carbon chromium bearing steel wire surface strengthening treatment process, comprising: a. Heat the high carbon chromium bearing steel wire to 850-950℃ and keep it for 20-40 minutes to obtain a uniform austenite structure; b. Perform quenching treatment under controlled atmosphere to quickly cool the steel wire to room temperature. The cooling medium is oil cooling or air cooling to obtain fine martensite structure. c. Carry out the first low-temperature tempering treatment at a tempering temperature of 150-200°C for 1-2 hours to eliminate some of the internal stress of the steel wire and improve toughness; d. Shot peening is performed on the surface of the quenched steel wire using metal particles with a diameter of 0.2-0.6 mm to form a compressive stress layer on the surface of the steel wire to improve its fatigue resistance; e. Perform laser surface hardening treatment with a laser power of 500-800 W, a scanning speed of 1-5 m / s, and a quenching depth of 0.2-0.4 mm to further enhance surface hardness and wear resistance; f. Plasma nitriding treatment is used. The steel wire is placed in a nitrogen atmosphere and treated at 1000-1200°C for 6-12 hours to form a nitride layer with a thickness of 10-20 microns on the surface to improve corrosion resistance; g. Perform a second low-temperature tempering treatment at a temperature of 200-250°C for 1-2 hours to further reduce the residual stress generated by the nitriding treatment; h. Perform ultrasonic cleaning to remove residual substances on the surface and ensure the cleanliness of the surface after treatment; i. Electrochemically polish the steel wire surface for 5-15 minutes using phosphoric acid solution as the electrolyte to reduce surface roughness and remove minor defects; j. Apply a wear-resistant coating on the surface of the polished steel wire. The coating material is tungsten carbide or titanium nitride with a thickness of 0.01-0.05 mm to improve its wear resistance; k. Use plasma spraying process to enhance the coating, with a spraying speed of 200-400 m / s to ensure a firm bond between the coating and the substrate; l. Perform vacuum heat treatment with the temperature controlled at 300-400℃ for 1-2 hours to better bond the surface coating with the substrate and further improve the overall performance of the material.

[0006] Preferably, the heating time in step a is adjusted to more than 30 minutes according to the diameter of the steel wire to ensure sufficient austenitization of the large diameter steel wire, and the quenching medium in step b is preferably oil cooling to obtain a more uniform martensitic structure.

[0007] Preferably, ceramic particles are used instead of metal particles in the shot peening treatment in step d to reduce the generation of surface impurities, and the plasma nitriding treatment time in step f can be extended to 16 hours according to specific environmental requirements to obtain a deeper nitrided layer.

[0008] Preferably, the second tempering treatment in step g adopts a pulse heating process to release the surface residual stress more evenly, and the electrochemical polishing in step i adopts a bipolar current mode to reduce electrolytic corrosion during the polishing process.

[0009] Preferably, the coating in step j is made of silicon carbide or aluminum oxide to provide stronger wear resistance and heat resistance.

[0010] Preferably, the plasma spraying gas in step k is a mixture of argon and helium to further improve the adhesion of the coating.

[0011] Preferably, the vacuum heat treatment in step 1 can be performed under a nitrogen protection environment to prevent surface oxidation.

[0012] The high carbon chromium bearing steel wire surface strengthening treatment device includes a high temperature heating furnace module, a quenching cooling module, a low temperature tempering furnace module, a shot peening strengthening module, a laser quenching module, a plasma nitriding module, an ultrasonic cleaning module, an electrochemical polishing module, and a coating coating module.

[0013] The present invention provides a surface strengthening treatment process and device for high-carbon chromium bearing steel wire. It has the following beneficial effects: This high-carbon chromium bearing steel wire surface strengthening treatment process and device, by combining multiple advanced surface treatment technologies, significantly resolves the processing deformation problems and performance degradation caused by cracking or flaking of the surface strengthening layer that are common in traditional processes. Through precisely controlled steps such as high-temperature heating, quenching, low-temperature tempering, shot peening, laser quenching, and plasma nitriding, the invention effectively improves the steel wire's hardness, wear resistance, and fatigue resistance, ensuring its operational stability in high-stress and complex operating environments. In particular, multiple tempering and ultrasonic cleaning significantly reduce residual stress and surface impurities, further improving processing accuracy.

[0014] The innovative coating and plasma spraying process is used to obtain a more uniform and durable wear-resistant coating on the surface of the steel wire. The application of vacuum heat treatment ensures a strong bond between the coating and the substrate, further improving the overall performance and corrosion resistance of the material. The processing module is automated through a central control system, and the process parameters can be flexibly adjusted according to different steel wire diameters and material properties. This makes the process have a wide range of application potential and excellent process stability, while effectively improving the production efficiency and quality of the product. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the process structure of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a surface strengthening treatment process for high carbon chromium bearing steel wire, including: a. heating the high carbon chromium bearing steel wire to 850-950°C and maintaining it for 20-40 minutes to obtain a uniform austenitic structure. The heating time in step a is adjusted to more than 30 minutes according to the diameter of the steel wire to ensure sufficient austenitization of the large diameter steel wire. The quenching medium in step b is preferably oil cooling to obtain a more uniform martensitic structure.

[0018] b. Perform quenching treatment under controlled atmosphere, rapidly cooling the steel wire to room temperature, using oil cooling or air cooling as the cooling medium to obtain a fine martensitic structure. In step b, the quenching medium is preferably oil cooling to obtain a more uniform martensitic structure.

[0019] c. Carry out the first low-temperature tempering treatment at a tempering temperature of 150-200°C for 1-2 hours to eliminate some of the internal stress of the steel wire and improve toughness.

[0020] d. Shot peening the surface of the quenched steel wire using metal particles with a diameter of 0.2-0.6 mm to form a compressive stress layer on the surface of the steel wire to improve its fatigue resistance. In step d, ceramic particles are used instead of metal particles to reduce the generation of surface impurities.

[0021] e. Perform laser surface quenching treatment with a laser power of 500-800 W, a scanning speed of 1-5 m / s, and a quenching depth of 0.2-0.4 mm to further enhance the surface hardness and wear resistance.

[0022] f. Plasma nitriding treatment is used. The steel wire is placed in a nitrogen atmosphere and treated at 1000-1200°C for 6-12 hours to form a nitride layer with a thickness of 10-20 microns on the surface to improve corrosion resistance. The plasma nitriding treatment time in step f can be extended to 16 hours according to specific environmental requirements to obtain a deeper nitride layer.

[0023] g. Perform a second low-temperature tempering treatment at a tempering temperature of 200-250°C for 1-2 hours to further reduce the residual stress generated by the nitriding treatment. The second tempering treatment in step g adopts a pulse heating process to more evenly release the surface residual stress.

[0024] h. Perform ultrasonic cleaning to remove residual surface substances and ensure the cleanliness of the surface after treatment.

[0025] i. Electrochemical polishing of the steel wire surface for 5-15 minutes using a phosphoric acid solution as the electrolyte to reduce surface roughness and remove minor defects. Electrochemical polishing in step i uses a bipolar current mode to reduce electrolytic corrosion during the polishing process.

[0026] j. Apply a wear-resistant coating on the surface of the polished steel wire. The coating material is tungsten carbide or titanium nitride with a thickness of 0.01-0.05 mm to improve its wear resistance. In step j, the coating is made of silicon carbide or aluminum oxide to provide stronger wear resistance and heat resistance.

[0027] k. The coating is enhanced by a plasma spraying process at a spraying speed of 200-400 m / s to ensure a strong bond between the coating and the substrate. The plasma spraying gas in step k is a mixture of argon and helium to further improve the adhesion of the coating.

[0028] 1. Perform vacuum heat treatment at a temperature of 300-400°C for 1-2 hours to better bond the surface coating to the substrate and further improve the overall performance of the material. The vacuum heat treatment in step 1 can be performed under a nitrogen atmosphere to prevent surface oxidation.

[0029] The high carbon chromium bearing steel wire surface strengthening treatment device includes a high temperature heating furnace module, a quenching cooling module, a low temperature tempering furnace module, a shot peening strengthening module, a laser quenching module, a plasma nitriding module, an ultrasonic cleaning module, an electrochemical polishing module, and a coating coating module.

[0030] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. High carbon chromium bearing steel wire surface strengthening treatment process, characterized in that: include: a. Heat the high carbon chromium bearing steel wire to 850-950℃ and keep it for 20-40 minutes to obtain a uniform austenite structure; b. Perform quenching treatment under controlled atmosphere to quickly cool the steel wire to room temperature. The cooling medium is oil cooling or air cooling to obtain fine martensite structure. c. Carry out the first low-temperature tempering treatment at a tempering temperature of 150-200°C for 1-2 hours to eliminate some of the internal stress of the steel wire and improve toughness; d. Shot peening is performed on the surface of the quenched steel wire using metal particles with a diameter of 0.2-0.6 mm to form a compressive stress layer on the surface of the steel wire to improve its fatigue resistance; e. Perform laser surface hardening treatment with a laser power of 500-800 W, a scanning speed of 1-5 m / s, and a quenching depth of 0.2-0.4 mm to further enhance surface hardness and wear resistance; f. Plasma nitriding treatment is used. The steel wire is placed in a nitrogen atmosphere and treated at 1000-1200°C for 6-12 hours to form a nitride layer with a thickness of 10-20 microns on the surface to improve corrosion resistance; g. Perform a second low-temperature tempering treatment at a temperature of 200-250°C for 1-2 hours to further reduce the residual stress generated by the nitriding treatment; h. Perform ultrasonic cleaning to remove residual substances on the surface and ensure the cleanliness of the surface after treatment; i. Electrochemically polish the steel wire surface for 5-15 minutes using phosphoric acid solution as the electrolyte to reduce surface roughness and remove minor defects; j. Apply a wear-resistant coating on the surface of the polished steel wire. The coating material is tungsten carbide or titanium nitride with a thickness of 0.01-0.05 mm to improve its wear resistance; k. Use plasma spraying process to enhance the coating, with a spraying speed of 200-400 m / s to ensure a firm bond between the coating and the substrate; l. Perform vacuum heat treatment with the temperature controlled at 300-400℃ for 1-2 hours to better bond the surface coating with the substrate and further improve the overall performance of the material.

2. The surface strengthening treatment process for high carbon chromium bearing steel wire according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating time in step a is adjusted to more than 30 minutes according to the diameter of the steel wire to ensure sufficient austenitization of the large-diameter steel wire. The quenching medium in step b is preferably oil-cooled to obtain a more uniform martensitic structure.

3. The surface strengthening treatment process for high carbon chromium bearing steel wire according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step d, the shot peening treatment uses ceramic particles instead of metal particles to reduce the generation of surface impurities. The plasma nitriding treatment time in step f can be extended to 16 hours according to specific environmental requirements to obtain a deeper nitrided layer.

4. The surface strengthening treatment process for high carbon chromium bearing steel wire according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second tempering treatment in step g adopts a pulse heating process to release the surface residual stress more evenly, and the electrochemical polishing in step i adopts a bipolar current mode to reduce electrolytic corrosion during the polishing process.

5. The surface strengthening treatment process for high carbon chromium bearing steel wire according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coating in step j is made of silicon carbide or aluminum oxide to provide stronger wear resistance and heat resistance.

6. The surface strengthening treatment process for high carbon chromium bearing steel wire according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plasma spraying gas in step k is a mixture of argon and helium, which further improves the adhesion of the coating.

7. The surface strengthening treatment process for high carbon chromium bearing steel wire according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vacuum heat treatment in step 1 can be performed under a nitrogen protection environment to prevent surface oxidation.

8. High carbon chromium bearing steel wire surface strengthening treatment device, characterized by: It includes high-temperature heating furnace module, quenching and cooling module, low-temperature tempering furnace module, shot peening strengthening module, laser quenching module, plasma nitriding module, ultrasonic cleaning module, electrochemical polishing module, and coating module.

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