Intelligent monitoring and near-natural restoration ecological slope protection system collaborative protection method

Abstract

The invention discloses an ecological slope protection system collaborative protection method for intelligent monitoring and near-natural restoration, and relates to the technical field of slope protection. According to the ecological slope protection system collaborative protection method for intelligent monitoring and near-natural restoration, an ecological blanket is laid on the bottom layer to fix soil, and a porous hollow vegetation concrete hexagonal brick module is arranged on the middle layer; and the surface layer is formed by six-edge bricks and plants festuca arundinacea and ryegrass grown from mixed grass seeds sown in the ecological blanket. The ecological blanket is composed of a grass seed layer, a filter layer, a grass seed fertilizer layer and a plant fiber layer, the middle-layer porous hollow vegetation concrete hexagonal brick is made of magnesium phosphate cement and recycled aggregate, the brick entity part is of a porous structure, the interior of a cavity is of a hollow structure, and the slope drainage function is good. Flexible and rigid structure measures cooperate with ecological functions, the ecological blanket fixes soil to serve as a flexible foundation, the porous vegetation concrete hexagonal bricks provide foundation mechanical property support, the ecological matrix supports natural succession of vegetation, and the engineering-ecology double targets are achieved cooperatively.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of slope protection, and in particular to a collaborative protection method for an ecological slope protection system combining intelligent monitoring and near-natural restoration. Background Art

[0002] Currently, slope protection technologies primarily fall into two categories: rigid engineering measures and flexible ecological measures. Rigid measures, such as the use of materials like riprap and cast-in-place concrete, are effective in maintaining initial slope stability and resisting rainwater erosion. However, these measures fall short of environmental and landscape requirements, and their ecological and economic value is limited. They struggle to meet the ecological slope's functions of soil and water conservation and reducing water pollution. Flexible ecological measures, such as vegetation blankets, eco-bags, and geogrids, offer attractive landscape effects and significant long-term ecological benefits. However, their scope of application and effectiveness are limited, their contribution to slope stability is insufficient, and their effectiveness takes a long time to manifest. Currently, collaborative slope protection methods that combine flexible and rigid measures are limited and difficult to implement in practice. Further research is needed to integrate multiple protection measures and develop ecological slope protection systems and collaborative methods.

[0003] On the other hand, hexagonal bricks are used in ecological slope protection projects due to their strong structural stability and ecological and environmental benefits. However, their construction and subsequent maintenance are complex, and they can reduce vegetation coverage compared to purely flexible ecological slope protection measures. Furthermore, traditional slope protection measures have limited real-time monitoring capabilities, unable to perceive slope stability and environmental changes in real time. They rely on manual inspections, resulting in low efficiency and delayed risk warnings.

[0004] In response to the above problems, a collaborative protection method of ecological slope protection system combining intelligent monitoring and near-natural restoration is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, and to provide a collaborative protection method for an ecological slope protection system with intelligent monitoring and near-natural restoration, which can solve the problems of the background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a collaborative protection method for an ecological slope protection system with intelligent monitoring and near-natural restoration, comprising the following steps: S1. The bottom layer is an ecological blanket to stabilize the soil. The middle layer is a porous hollow hexagonal concrete brick module. The surface layer is a mixture of grass seeds grown from the outer layer of the ecological blanket and the porous structure of the hexagonal bricks to form a three-dimensional protective layer. S2. Hexagonal bricks are laid on the ecological blanket. The solid part of the hexagonal bricks is a porous structure. The porous concrete is filled with organic nutrient soil, and herbaceous plants that are resistant to barrenness are planted in the nutrient soil. The cavity inside the hexagonal brick is a hollow structure, and the inner wall of the cavity is attached with a micro integrated sensor; S3. The ecological blanket is divided into four layers, namely, grass seed layer, filter layer, grass seed fertilizer layer, and plant fiber layer. The grass seed layer is sown with herb seeds that are resistant to barrenness; the herb seeds that are resistant to barrenness can be ryegrass and tall fescue.

[0007] Preferably, the hexagonal bricks use magnesium phosphate cement instead of ordinary Portland cement, and recycled coarse aggregate instead of natural coarse aggregate; the concrete is composed of magnesium phosphate cement, water, and recycled coarse aggregate; the magnesium phosphate cement is composed of three raw materials: magnesium oxide (MgO), potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4), and borax (Na2B4O7·10H2O). The herbaceous plants are tall fescue and ryegrass, and the average planting temperature is selected to be 25°C.

[0008] Preferably, the design method of the porous hollow vegetation concrete hexagonal bricks on the surface layer includes the following steps: (1) Screening the recycled coarse aggregate according to the particle size range requirements and testing the moisture content and water absorption rate of the recycled coarse aggregate; (2) Magnesium oxide, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, borax and recycled coarse aggregate are put into the concrete mixer in sequence according to a certain mix ratio. Dry mix for 10 minutes to mix the above raw materials evenly, then add water and wet mix for 10 minutes until all the materials are evenly mixed; (3) The concrete is quickly placed into the mold and subjected to standard curing, with the curing temperature not lower than 20°C and the curing humidity not lower than 95%; (4) The magnesium oxide and potassium dihydrogen phosphate in the concrete are mixed in a molar ratio of 1:4; the mass ratio of borax to magnesium oxide is 1:20; and the mass ratio of water to magnesium phosphate cement is 0.14; (5) The optimal particle size range of recycled coarse aggregate used in the concrete is 15-20 mm, and the optimal mortar-bone ratio (i.e. the ratio of the sum of the mass of magnesium phosphate cement and water to the mass of recycled coarse aggregate) is 1 / 4; in order to facilitate the formation of a porous structure in concrete, the optimal mix ratio is 3 The concrete contains 198kg of magnesium oxide, 149kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 9.89kg of borax, 1628kg of recycled coarse aggregate, and 50kg of water; (6) Select a hexagonal brick mold and cure the concrete for 28 days to form a hexagonal brick with a porous structure in the solid part and a hollow structure in the cavity. Fill the pores of the concrete with organic nutrient soil, and mix tall fescue and ryegrass seeds in the nutrient soil; (7) A micro integrated sensor is attached to the inner wall of the hexagonal brick cavity to monitor slope displacement and soil moisture content in real time.

[0009] Preferably, the bottom ecological blanket is divided into four layers. The outer layer (the first layer) is a grass seed layer composed of barren-resistant herbaceous plants. The second layer is a filter layer whose main components are sisal fiber and abaca fiber. The third layer is a grass seed fertilizer layer, including phosphate fertilizer (Ca(H2PO4)·H2O) and potash fertilizer (K2SO4). The bottom layer is a thinner plant fiber layer composed of lignin.

[0010] Preferably, the outer layers of the hexagonal bricks and the ecological blanket are planted with barren-resistant herbaceous plants, which are tall fescue and ryegrass.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The intelligent monitoring and near-natural restoration ecological slope protection system coordinated protection method, flexible and rigid structural measures and ecological functions coordinated: the ecological blanket fixed the soil as a flexible foundation, the porous vegetation concrete hexagonal bricks provided rigid mechanical performance support, and the ecological matrix supported the natural succession of vegetation, synergistically achieving the "engineering-ecology" dual goals.

[0012] (2) The intelligent monitoring and near-natural restoration ecological slope protection system collaborative protection method, near-natural restoration capability: by simulating the natural slope microtopography and soil structure, the stability and self-repair capability of the ecosystem are improved.

[0013] (3) The intelligent monitoring and near-natural restoration ecological slope protection system collaborative protection method, intelligent perception and remote monitoring: the system has information collection and remote early warning functions, which can conduct real-time assessment of the slope health status and improve project safety.

[0014] (4) The intelligent monitoring and near-natural restoration ecological slope protection system synergistic protection method uses recycled aggregate as the stone in the hexagonal bricks and magnesium phosphate cement as the cement to achieve the performance goals of high strength, low alkalinity and high vegetation.

[0015] (5) The intelligent monitoring and near-natural restoration ecological slope protection system collaborative protection method is convenient to construct and easy to maintain: the sensor components can be replaced independently, and the maintenance cost is low. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the collaborative protection method of the ecological slope protection system of intelligent monitoring and near-natural restoration of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the hexagonal brick of the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the ecological blanket of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] In order to further understand the content of the present invention, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] See also Figure 1-Figure 3 The present invention provides a technical solution: a collaborative protection method for an ecological slope protection system with intelligent monitoring and near-natural restoration, comprising the following steps: S1. The bottom layer is laid with an ecological blanket to stabilize the soil. The middle layer is a porous hollow plant concrete hexagonal brick module. The bottom ecological blanket consists of a grass seed layer, a filter layer, a grass seed fertilizer layer, and a plant fiber layer, which plays a basic role in soil consolidation and slope protection. S2. The hexagonal brick has a porous structure in the solid part and a hollow structure inside the cavity. The middle layer of the porous hollow vegetation concrete hexagonal brick is made of magnesium phosphate cement and recycled aggregate. The brick solid part is porous, and the porous concrete is filled with organic nutrient soil, which is mixed with tall fescue and ryegrass seeds. The inner wall of the hexagonal brick cavity is attached with a micro-integrated sensor, which is used to monitor slope displacement and soil moisture content in real time. Magnesium phosphate cement can reduce alkali, providing a low-alkaline environment suitable for the growth of various plants. S3. The ecological blanket is divided into four layers, namely the grass seed layer, the filter layer, the grass seed fertilizer layer, and the plant fiber layer. The grass seed layer is sown with barren-resistant herb seeds, which can be ryegrass and tall fescue.

[0020] The multi-level near-natural ecological slope protection system, which is composed of the bottom ecological blanket, the middle porous vegetation concrete hexagonal bricks and the surface plants, combines "soft-hard-soft" and has good ecological benefits and meets the needs of ecological civilization.

[0021] Hexagonal bricks use magnesium phosphate cement instead of ordinary Portland cement, and recycled coarse aggregate instead of natural coarse aggregate. The concrete is composed of magnesium phosphate cement, water, and recycled coarse aggregate. The magnesium phosphate cement is composed of three raw materials: magnesium oxide (MgO), potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4), and borax (Na2B4O7·10H2O). Tall fescue and ryegrass are selected as herbaceous plants that are resistant to barrenness, and the average planting temperature is selected to be 25°C.

[0022] The design method of the porous hollow vegetation concrete hexagonal brick in the middle layer includes the following steps: (1) Screening the recycled coarse aggregate according to the particle size range requirements and testing the moisture content and water absorption rate of the recycled coarse aggregate; (2) Magnesium oxide, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, borax and recycled coarse aggregate are put into the concrete mixer in sequence according to a certain mix ratio. Dry mix for 10 minutes to mix the above raw materials evenly, then add water and wet mix for 10 minutes until all the materials are evenly mixed; (3) The concrete is quickly placed into the mold and subjected to standard curing, with the curing temperature not lower than 20°C and the curing humidity not lower than 95%; (4) The magnesium oxide and potassium dihydrogen phosphate in the concrete are mixed in a molar ratio of 1:4; the mass ratio of borax to magnesium oxide is 1:20; and the mass ratio of water to magnesium phosphate cement is 0.14; (5) The optimal particle size range of recycled coarse aggregate used in the concrete is 15-20 mm, and the optimal mortar-bone ratio (i.e. the ratio of the sum of the mass of magnesium phosphate cement and water to the mass of recycled coarse aggregate) is 1 / 4; in order to facilitate the formation of a porous structure in concrete, the optimal mix ratio is 3 The concrete contains 198kg of magnesium oxide, 149kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 9.89kg of borax, 1628kg of recycled coarse aggregate, and 50kg of water; (6) Select a hexagonal brick mold and after curing the concrete for 28 days, a hexagonal brick is formed with a porous structure in the solid part and a hollow structure in the cavity. The porous part of the hexagonal brick can be used to plant herbaceous plants; (7) A micro integrated sensor is attached to the inner wall of the hexagonal brick cavity to monitor slope displacement and soil moisture content in real time.

[0023] The bottom ecological blanket is divided into four layers. The outer layer (the first layer) is the grass seed layer, which is composed of barren-resistant herbaceous plants. The second layer is the filter layer, the main components of which are sisal fiber and abaca fiber. The third layer is the grass seed fertilizer layer, including phosphate fertilizer (Ca(H2PO4)·H2O) and potash fertilizer (K2SO4). The fourth layer is a thinner plant fiber layer, which is composed of lignin.

[0024] The outer layer of the ecological blanket and the hexagonal bricks are planted with barren-resistant herbaceous plants, such as tall fescue and ryegrass.

[0025] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A collaborative protection method for an ecological slope protection system combining intelligent monitoring and near-natural restoration, characterized by: The following steps are involved: S1. The bottom layer is an ecological blanket to stabilize the soil. The middle layer is a porous hollow hexagonal concrete brick module. The surface layer is a mixture of grass seeds grown from the outer layer of the ecological blanket and the porous structure of the hexagonal bricks to form a three-dimensional protective layer. S2. Hexagonal bricks are laid on the ecological blanket. The solid part of the hexagonal bricks is a porous structure. The porous concrete is filled with organic nutrient soil, and herbaceous plants that are resistant to barrenness are planted in the nutrient soil. The cavity inside the hexagonal brick is a hollow structure, and the inner wall of the cavity is attached with a micro integrated sensor; S3. The ecological blanket is divided into four layers, namely the grass seed layer, the filter layer, the grass seed fertilizer layer, and the plant fiber layer. The grass seed layer is sown with barren-resistant herb seeds, which can be ryegrass and tall fescue.

2. The method for collaborative protection of an ecological slope protection system with intelligent monitoring and near-natural restoration according to claim 1 is characterized by: The hexagonal bricks use magnesium phosphate cement instead of ordinary Portland cement, and use recycled coarse aggregate instead of natural coarse aggregate. The concrete is composed of magnesium phosphate cement, water, and recycled coarse aggregate. The magnesium phosphate cement is composed of three raw materials: magnesium oxide (MgO), potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4), and borax (Na2B4O7·10H2O). The herbaceous plants are tall fescue and ryegrass, and the average planting temperature is selected to be 25°C.

3. The method for collaborative protection of an ecological slope protection system with intelligent monitoring and near-natural restoration according to claim 2 is characterized by: The design method of the porous hollow vegetation concrete hexagonal brick on the surface layer includes the following steps: (1) Screening the recycled coarse aggregate according to the particle size range requirements and testing the moisture content and water absorption rate of the recycled coarse aggregate; (2) Magnesium oxide, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, borax and recycled coarse aggregate are put into the concrete mixer in sequence according to a certain mix ratio. Dry mix for 10 minutes to mix the above raw materials evenly, then add water and wet mix for 10 minutes until all the materials are evenly mixed; (3) The concrete is quickly placed into the mold and subjected to standard curing, with the curing temperature not lower than 20°C and the curing humidity not lower than 95%; (4) The magnesium oxide and potassium dihydrogen phosphate in the concrete are mixed in a molar ratio of 1:4; the mass ratio of borax to magnesium oxide is 1:20; and the mass ratio of water to magnesium phosphate cement is 0.14; (5) The optimal particle size range of recycled coarse aggregate used in the concrete is 15-20 mm, and the optimal mortar-bone ratio (i.e. the ratio of the sum of the mass of magnesium phosphate cement and water to the mass of recycled coarse aggregate) is 1 / 4; in order to facilitate the formation of a porous structure in concrete, the optimal mix ratio is 3 The concrete contains 198kg of magnesium oxide, 149kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 9.89kg of borax, 1628kg of recycled coarse aggregate, and 50kg of water; (6) Select a hexagonal brick mold and cure the concrete for 28 days to form a hexagonal brick with a porous structure in the solid part and a hollow structure in the cavity. Fill the pores of the concrete with organic nutrient soil, and mix tall fescue and ryegrass seeds in the nutrient soil; (7) A micro integrated sensor is attached to the inner wall of the hexagonal brick cavity to monitor slope displacement and soil moisture content in real time.

4. The method for collaborative protection of an ecological slope protection system with intelligent monitoring and near-natural restoration according to claim 3 is characterized by: The bottom ecological blanket is divided into four layers. The outer layer (the first layer) is a grass seed layer composed of barren-resistant herbaceous plants. The second layer is a filter layer, the main components of which are sisal fiber and abaca fiber. The third layer is a grass seed fertilizer layer, including phosphate fertilizer (Ca(H2PO4)·H2O) and potash fertilizer (K2SO4). The bottom layer is a thinner plant fiber layer composed of lignin.

5. The method for collaborative protection of an ecological slope protection system with intelligent monitoring and near-natural restoration according to claim 4 is characterized by: The outer layers of the hexagonal bricks and the ecological blanket are planted with barren-resistant herbaceous plants, which are tall fescue and ryegrass.

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