Precise positioning construction method for underwater installation of prefabricated cross beam

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of engineering construction, and particularly relates to a prefabricated cross beam underwater installation accurate positioning construction method which comprises the steps that S1, a pile foundation protection cylinder is installed outside a constructed underwater pile foundation, and a steel sleeve is arranged in a driving mode; s2, a top construction operation platform and a channel are erected at a top opening of the steel sleeve, and a crawling ladder, a water pipe and a ventilation hose are arranged in the steel sleeve; s3, pumping water, reinforcing the bottom working platform after the water level meets the condition, and laying a composite plastic plate on the bottom working platform; s4, the pile head of the underwater pile foundation is treated, and a bracket and a hoop are installed; s5, the bottom working platform is disconnected from the pile foundation pile casing, the crawling ladder and the water pipe are adjusted away, the ventilation hose is dismantled, and the top construction operation platform and the channel are hoisted and moved to the next pile position; and S6, after the step S1 to the step S5 are repeated, the prefabricated cross beam is installed underwater. The processing work before construction is simple and convenient, the construction is not influenced by tide water and wind power, the construction period can be obviously shortened, the precision is improved, and the safety risk is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of engineering construction, and in particular to a method for accurately positioning a prefabricated beam during underwater installation. Background Art

[0002] Underwater installation technology for precast beams is primarily used in major projects requiring the construction of permanent load-bearing structures in deep water or complex hydrological environments. Traditionally, there are two methods for underwater installation of precast beams: 1. A steel or earth cofferdam is constructed within the area of ​​the pile foundation where the underwater installation will take place. After draining out the water and slurry, a construction access road is replaced with a new one. Then, mechanical and manual labor coordinate to install the corbels and steel clamps that support the precast beams, and finally, the precast beams are installed. This method is time-consuming and labor-intensive, requiring extensive preparatory work before construction. Furthermore, the cofferdams require regular maintenance and monitoring, resulting in high construction costs. ② Divers are required to perform underwater installation of the corbels and steel clamps for prefabricated beam supports. Divers need to complete underwater measurement and positioning, steel welding, clamp installation, and prefabricated beam installation. During the operation of this method, if the method is affected by special working conditions such as wind and waves, water level, water flow disturbance, and low visibility, the operation difficulty will increase, and the quality and safety of underwater installation cannot be guaranteed. If the installation components fall off, divers need to go into the water a second time to install them. After the installation is completed, quality inspectors cannot conduct on-site acceptance and can only view them by underwater photography. Due to the influence of low underwater visibility, the installation quality may not be reflected. In addition, when encountering special geological conditions, such as weak geology at the mud surface of the pile foundation, divers cannot stand in this case, and it is necessary to lift blocks of stone for underwater replacement and silt extrusion to form an underwater working platform before underwater operations can be carried out. In this way, the manpower and material costs will increase significantly, and the number of uncontrollable factors will increase.

[0003] Chinese invention patent CN102587383A (publication date: July 18, 2012) discloses a method and apparatus for positioning prefabricated beams for underwater installation. This invention reduces operational errors by providing positioning steel hoop as a baseline for cutting steel pipe piles. A support frame is provided to support the underwater prefabricated beams, ensuring safety. Furthermore, the prefabricated beams in this patent are placed directly on the support frame, with the top elevation of the support frame being the same as the bottom elevation of the prefabricated beams, resolving the issue of the inability to precisely control elevations in traditional methods. Chinese invention patent CN105888076A (publication date: August 24, 2016) discloses a method for constructing an overwater corridor. This invention uses prefabricated reinforced concrete support columns, shortening the construction period, reducing the difficulty, and improving the safety of construction workers. Prefabricating reinforced concrete support columns on a ground platform ensures construction quality. Furthermore, this patent uses prefabricated steel beams to reduce the weight of the overwater corridor, preventing overall sinking due to its own weight and reducing the difficulty of beam installation. Although the above patents have solved the problems of low construction quality and high safety risks to a certain extent, they have not taken the cost issue into consideration.

[0004] Based on the above problems, technical personnel in this field urgently need to provide a method for precise positioning of prefabricated beams underwater installation, which can significantly improve the accuracy of underwater beam installation and positioning, reduce safety risks, shorten construction period, and effectively reduce construction costs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present application provides a method for precise positioning construction of underwater installation of prefabricated beams, which mainly solves the problems of low quality, safety risks and high cost of underwater installation positioning of prefabricated beams caused by various unfavorable factors in the existing technology. The specific technical solution is described as follows.

[0006] A method for accurately positioning a prefabricated beam during underwater installation is characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step S1: installing a pile foundation casing outside the completed underwater pile foundation and driving a steel sleeve;

[0008] Step S2: Setting up a top construction operation platform and passage at the top of the steel sleeve, and installing a ladder, water pipe and ventilation hose inside the steel sleeve;

[0009] Step S3: Pumping water from the top construction operation platform. When the water level meets the operating conditions, the bottom working platform is connected to the pile foundation casing by welding, and a composite plastic plate is laid on the bottom working platform to serve as the operation platform for the bottom pile head treatment, the installation of the corbel and the clamp.

[0010] Step S4: Process the underwater pile head, and then install the corbels and clamps on the outside of the pile casing;

[0011] Step S5: disconnect the bottom working platform from the pile foundation casing, remove the ladder and water pipe in the steel sleeve, remove the ventilation hose, hoist the top construction operation platform and passage and move them to the next pile position;

[0012] Step S6: After repeating steps S1 to S5, the prefabricated beams are installed underwater.

[0013] Furthermore, the diameter of the steel sleeve is larger than the diameter of the pile foundation casing.

[0014] Furthermore, a number of reinforcing rings and limiting ribs are provided in the steel sleeve, and the reinforcing rings and limiting ribs are welded with channel steel; the diameter of the steel sleeve is selected according to the geological conditions, the diameter of the underwater pile foundation, wind force, water flow, the weight of the top construction operation platform and the requirements of the upper load, and the appropriate diameter, length and wall thickness are selected for processing and manufacturing.

[0015] Furthermore, the bottom of the top construction operation platform is made of I-beams, the bottom is covered with composite plastic plates, and there are protective railings around it. The protective railings are welded with steel pipes, so that the top construction operation platform forms a whole, which can be hoisted as a whole and used in rotation.

[0016] Furthermore, the top construction operation platform is connected to the steel sleeve through a buckle, and is connected to the original construction platform through a latch-type buckle.

[0017] Furthermore, the lengths of the ladder and the water pipe are set according to the water level in the steel sleeve; the ladder is made of welded steel pipes and steel bars, and its upper end is connected to the top construction operation platform, and the ladder supports the steel sleeve through several steel bars to enhance stability; the water pipe is made of steel pipe to prevent breakage, bursting and entanglement, and the water pipe is connected to the ladder through steel bars; the water pipe includes a water pump, which is arranged on the top construction operation platform to prevent leakage, which can provide both safety protection and cost savings.

[0018] Furthermore, the ventilation hose is made of steel wire nylon cloth, which is shrinkable, lightweight and flexible to use; the ventilation hose includes a blower, which is used for ventilation and is arranged on the top construction operation platform.

[0019] Furthermore, an I-beam is provided at the bottom of the bottom working platform, and limiting ribs are provided nearby.

[0020] Furthermore, the corbels and clamps are both made of steel plates; there are several clamps, which are directly placed on the corbels without welding; the corbels are large corbels, which are welded to the outside of the pile foundation casing and can meet the upper load bearing capacity; the bolt holes of the clamps are open-type, which is easy to install.

[0021] Furthermore, the prefabricated crossbeam is a prefabricated reinforced concrete crossbeam box on land, and the crossbeam box is used to place the underwater water intake pipe.

[0022] Furthermore, in step S4, the underwater pile foundation pile head is processed, including cutting the pile foundation casing and over-casting the pile head; after the installation of the corbel and the clamp is completed, the pile foundation casing is welded for the second time for the installation and positioning of the prefabricated beam; in this application, the secondary welding of the pile foundation casing is calculated based on the vibration hammer used and the wall thickness of the pile foundation casing. The most preferred length of the secondary welding of the pile foundation casing is 1 / 3 of the original weld length, and the welds are equally divided. After the prefabricated beam is installed in place, it can be removed with a vibration hammer.

[0023] Furthermore, in step S6, the prefabricated beam is positioned by a pile foundation casing, and after installation is completed, underwater non-dispersible concrete is poured inside.

[0024] Compared with the existing technology, the advantages and effects of this application are as follows:

[0025] 1. The materials required for the construction method of the present invention are conventional and easy to assemble, and the construction preparation work before underwater operation can be completed in a short time; in addition, the bolt holes of the clamp of the present invention are open-type, which is convenient for installation during construction.

[0026] 2. The present invention is not affected by tides and wind during the construction process, which significantly shortens the construction period and improves the accuracy of underwater installation and positioning of prefabricated beams.

[0027] 3. The top construction operation platform of the present invention can be hoisted as a whole for rotational use, and the steel, blower, water pump, etc. used in the construction can be recycled for other construction, which significantly reduces the construction cost.

[0028] 4. The water pipes of the present invention are made of steel pipes to prevent damage, bursting and entanglement. The water pump is set on the top construction operation platform to prevent leakage. Several steel bars are also set at the ladder to support the steel sleeve to increase stability, which significantly reduces the safety risks in construction operations.

[0029] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application so that it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the following is a detailed description of the preferred embodiment of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0030] Based on the detailed description of the specific embodiments of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings below, those skilled in the art will become more aware of the above and other objects, advantages and features of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without inventive work. In all drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn according to the actual scale.

[0032] in:

[0033] Figure 1 This is a plan layout diagram of a method for precise positioning of underwater installation of prefabricated beams proposed by the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the top construction operation platform of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 A top view of the bottom working platform of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 A side view of the bottom working platform of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a front view of the hoop and the corbel of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 It is a side view of the hoop and the corbel of the present invention.

[0039] Among them: 1- underwater pile foundation; 101- pile foundation casing; 2- steel sleeve; 201- reinforcement ring; 202- limiting rib; 3- top construction operation platform; 301- buckle; 302- latch-type buckle; 303- guardrail; 4- ladder; 5- water pipe; 501- water pump; 6- ventilation hose; 601- blower; 7- bottom working platform; 701- composite plastic board; 8- corbel; 9- clamp; 10- prefabricated beam; 11- original construction platform. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. In the following description, specific details such as specific configurations and components are provided only to help fully understand the embodiments of the present application. Therefore, it should be clear to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made to the embodiments described herein without departing from the scope and spirit of the present application. In addition, for clarity and brevity, the description of known functions and structures has been omitted in the embodiments.

[0041] It should be understood that references throughout this specification to "one embodiment" or "this embodiment" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic associated with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present application. Therefore, the appearance of "one embodiment" or "this embodiment" throughout this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, these particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

[0042] In addition, the present application may repeat reference numerals and / or letters in different examples. This repetition is for the purpose of simplicity and clarity and does not in itself indicate the relationship between the various embodiments and / or settings discussed.

[0043] The term "and / or" in this article is only a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, B exists alone, and A and B exist at the same time. The term " / and" in this article describes another type of association object relationship, indicating that there can be two relationships. For example, A / and B can mean: A exists alone, and A and B exist alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the related objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0044] The term "at least one" in this article is merely a description of the association relationship between associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, at least one of A and B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone.

[0045] It should also be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include," "comprises," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] This embodiment introduces a method for accurate positioning of underwater installation of prefabricated beams. Figure 1 , including the following steps:

[0048] Step S1: Installing the pile foundation casing 101 outside the completed underwater pile foundation 1 and driving the steel sleeve 2;

[0049] Step S2: erecting a top construction operation platform 3 and a passage at the top of the steel sleeve 2, and installing a ladder 4, a water pipe 5, and a ventilation hose 6 inside the steel sleeve 2;

[0050] Step S3: Pumping water from the top construction operation platform 3. After the water level meets the operating conditions, reinforce the bottom working platform 7 and lay a composite plastic board 701 on it to serve as the operation platform for bottom pile head treatment, bracket and hoop installation;

[0051] Step S4: Process the pile head of the underwater pile foundation 1, and then install the corbel 8 and the clamp 9 on the outside of the pile foundation casing 101;

[0052] Step S5: disconnect the bottom working platform 7 from the pile foundation casing 101, remove the ladder 4 and water pipe 5 in the steel sleeve 2, remove the ventilation hose 6, and hoist the top construction operation platform 3 and the passage and move them to the next pile position;

[0053] Step S6: After repeating steps S1 to S5, the prefabricated beam 10 is installed underwater.

[0054] Preferably, in step S3, the reinforcing of the bottom working platform 7 is specifically: connecting the bottom working platform 7 and the pile foundation casing 101 by welding.

[0055] Preferably, in step S4, the processing of the pile head of the underwater pile foundation 1 includes cutting the pile foundation casing 101 and overcasting the pile head.

[0056] Preferably, in step S4, after the installation of the corbel 8 and the hoop 8 is completed, the pile foundation casing 101 is welded for the second time for installation and positioning of the prefabricated beam 10; in this embodiment, the pile foundation casing 101 is welded for the second time according to the vibration hammer used and the wall thickness of the pile foundation casing 101, and the secondary welding of the pile foundation casing 101 is 1 / 3 of the original length of the entire weld, and the welds are equally divided. After the prefabricated beam 10 is installed in place, it can be removed using a vibration hammer.

[0057] Preferably, in step S6, the prefabricated beam 10 is positioned by the pile foundation casing 101, and after installation is completed, the interior is poured with underwater non-dispersible concrete.

[0058] The technical effect achieved by this embodiment is: the materials required for the construction method provided by this embodiment are conventional and easy to assemble, the construction preparation work before underwater operations can be completed in a short time, and the construction process is not affected by tides and wind, which significantly shortens the construction period and improves the accuracy of underwater installation and positioning of prefabricated beams.

[0059] Example 2

[0060] Based on the above-mentioned embodiment 1, this embodiment further introduces a method for precise positioning of underwater installation of prefabricated beams.

[0061] Preferably, the diameter of the steel sleeve 2 is larger than the diameter of the pile foundation casing 101;

[0062] Preferably, a number of reinforcing rings 201 and limiting ribs 202 are also provided in the steel sleeve 2, and the reinforcing rings 201 and limiting ribs 202 are welded with channel steel; the diameter of the steel sleeve 2 is selected according to the geological conditions, the diameter of the underwater pile foundation 1, wind force, water flow, the weight of the top construction operation platform 3 and the requirements of the upper load, and the appropriate diameter, length and wall thickness are selected for processing and manufacturing.

[0063] Preferably, the bottom of the top construction operation platform 3 is made of I-steel splicing, the bottom is covered with composite plastic plates, and there are protective railings 303 around it. The protective railings 303 are welded with steel pipes, so that the top construction operation platform 3 forms a whole, which can be hoisted as a whole and used in a turnover manner. For the schematic diagram of the top construction operation platform, please refer to Figure 2 ;

[0064] Preferably, the top construction operation platform 3 is connected to the steel sleeve 2 via a buckle 301 , and is connected to the original construction platform 11 via a latch-type buckle 302 .

[0065] Preferably, the lengths of the ladder 4 and the water pipe 5 are set according to the water level in the steel sleeve 2; the ladder 4 is welded with steel pipes and steel bars, and its upper end is connected to the top construction operation platform 3. The ladder 4 supports the steel sleeve 2 through several steel bars to enhance stability;

[0066] Preferably, the water pipe 5 is made of steel pipe to prevent damage, bursting and entanglement, and the water pipe 5 is connected to the ladder 4 through steel bars;

[0067] Preferably, the water pipe 5 includes a water pump 501, which is arranged on the top construction operation platform 3 to prevent electric leakage, thereby providing both safety protection and cost savings.

[0068] Preferably, the ventilation hose 6 is made of steel wire nylon cloth, which is shrinkable, lightweight and flexible to use; the ventilation hose 6 includes a blower 601, which is used for ventilation and is arranged on the top construction operation platform 3.

[0069] Preferably, the bottom of the bottom working platform 7 is provided with an I-beam, and a limiting rib 202 is provided nearby. For a top view of the bottom working platform, please refer to Figure 3 , see side view Figure 4 .

[0070] Preferably, the corbel 8 and the clamp 9 are both made of steel plates; in this embodiment, there are two clamps 9, which are directly placed on the corbel 8 without welding. The corbel 8 is a large corbel, which is welded to the outside of the pile foundation casing 101, which can not only meet the upper load bearing capacity, but also save construction costs.

[0071] Preferably, the bolt holes of the clamp 9 are open for easy installation. Figure 5 , see side view Figure 6 .

[0072] Preferably, the prefabricated crossbeam 10 is a prefabricated reinforced concrete crossbeam box on land, and the crossbeam box is used to place an underwater water intake pipe.

[0073] The technical effects achieved by this embodiment are as follows: the clamp bolt holes of this embodiment are open-type, which makes installation convenient during construction; the top construction operation platform can be hoisted as a whole for rotational use, which significantly reduces construction costs; steel pipes are used for water pipes to prevent breakage, bursting and entanglement, and the water pump is set on the top construction operation platform to prevent leakage. Several steel bars are also set at the ladder to support the steel sleeve to increase stability, which significantly reduces safety risks during construction operations; in addition, this embodiment uses a ventilation hose made of steel wire nylon cloth, which is light in weight and flexible in use, and a large corbel is set on the outside of the pile foundation casing to meet the upper load bearing capacity.

[0074] Example 3

[0075] Based on the above-mentioned Example 1 and Example 2, this example introduces another implementation method of a method for precise positioning of underwater installation of prefabricated beams.

[0076] Preferably, in step S1, if conditions permit, pile foundation casings are sequentially installed on two or more underwater pile foundations 1 that have been completed, and steel sleeves 2 are installed using a vibrating hammer;

[0077] Preferably, in this embodiment, a transverse I-beam is further provided on the exposed corbel 8 on the upper portion of the steel sleeve 2 above the water surface, and a longitudinal I-beam is further provided on the upper portion thereof. In this embodiment, the wall thickness, size, and location of the corbel 8 above the water surface on the outer side of the steel sleeve 2 are calculated based on conditions such as hydrology, stress, and construction requirements. The steel corbels are then processed and manufactured, and after completion, are directly welded to the outer side of the steel sleeve 2. Each steel sleeve 2 is provided with a set of two steel corbels, which are welded vertically symmetrically.

[0078] The technical effect achieved by this embodiment is: this embodiment can further improve the safety of on-site construction, and by taking pile clamping measures, the stability of the steel sleeve is improved, preventing the steel sleeve from slipping, tipping, etc. due to external reasons, thereby damaging the original pile foundation; at the same time, through the scheme of this embodiment, the stability of the top construction operation platform and the bottom working platform can also be guaranteed, ensuring that the construction process is safe and controlled.

[0079] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. The present invention is susceptible to various modifications and variations. Any changes, modifications, substitutions, integrations, and parameter changes to these embodiments that fall within the spirit and principles of the present invention are within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for precise positioning of underwater installation of prefabricated beams, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1: Installing a pile foundation casing (101) outside the completed underwater pile foundation (1) and driving a steel sleeve (2); Step S2: erecting a top construction operation platform (3) and a passage at the top of the steel sleeve (2), and installing a ladder (4), a water pipe (5) and a ventilation hose (6) inside the steel sleeve (2); Step S3: Pumping water from the top construction operation platform (3), connecting the bottom working platform (7) and the pile foundation casing (101) by welding after the water level meets the operating conditions, and laying a composite plastic plate (701) on the bottom working platform (7); Step S4: processing the pile head of the underwater pile foundation (1), and then installing the corbel (8) and the clamp (9) on the outside of the pile foundation casing (101); Step S5: disconnect the bottom working platform (7) from the pile foundation casing (101), remove the ladder (4) and water pipe (5) in the steel sleeve (2), remove the ventilation hose (6), and hoist the top construction operation platform (3) and the passage and move them to the next pile position; Step S6: After repeating steps S1 to S5, the prefabricated beam (10) is installed underwater.

2. A method for precise positioning of underwater installation of prefabricated beams according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the steel sleeve (2) is greater than the diameter of the pile foundation casing (101).

3. The method for precise positioning of underwater installation of prefabricated beams according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of reinforcing rings (201) and limiting ribs (202) are provided in the steel sleeve (2).

4. The method for precise positioning of underwater installation of prefabricated beams according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the top construction operation platform (3) is made of I-beams and is surrounded by protective railings (303); The top construction operation platform (3) is connected to the steel sleeve (2) via a buckle (301), and is connected to the original construction platform (11) via a latch-type buckle (302).

5. The method for precise positioning of underwater installation of prefabricated beams according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper end of the ladder (4) is connected to the top construction operation platform (3), and the ladder (4) supports the steel sleeve (2) through a plurality of steel bars; The water pipe (5) is connected to the ladder (4) via steel bars; The water pipe (5) includes a water pump (501), and the water pump (501) is arranged on the top construction operation platform (3).

6. The method for precise positioning of underwater installation of prefabricated beams according to claim 5, characterized in that: The ventilation hose (6) includes a blower (601), which is arranged on the top construction operation platform (3). The ventilation hose (6) is made of steel wire nylon cloth.

7. The method for precise positioning of underwater installation of prefabricated beams according to claim 1, characterized in that: An I-beam is provided at the bottom of the bottom working platform (7).

8. A method for precise positioning of underwater installation of prefabricated beams according to any one of claims 1 or 7, characterized in that: There are a plurality of clamps (9) which are directly placed on the corbels (8); the corbels (8) are welded to the outside of the pile foundation casing (101), and the bolt holes of the clamps (9) are open.

9. The method for precise positioning of underwater installation of prefabricated beams according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S4, the pile head of the underwater pile foundation (1) is processed, including cutting the pile foundation casing (101) and over-casting the pile head; after the bracket (8) and the hoop (8) are installed, the pile foundation casing (101) is welded for the second time.

10. The method for precise positioning of underwater installation of prefabricated beams according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S6, the prefabricated beam (10) is positioned by the pile foundation casing (101), and after the prefabricated beam (10) is installed, the interior is poured with underwater non-dispersible concrete.

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