A ventilation device for underground mining

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of ventilation devices, specifically a ventilation device for underground mining. It comprises a seat frame, a wind tube and a servo motor mounted on the seat frame, and further comprises: a reciprocating drive system, a reciprocating frame which can be reciprocated and displaced along the axis of the wind tube is installed on the reciprocating drive system, the reciprocating stroke of the reciprocating frame is linearly adjustable, an axis frame is rotatably mounted on the reciprocating frame, a group of first blades are rotatably mounted on the axis frame, a deflection gear is mounted on the tail end of each first blade, and a fan shaft driven by a servo motor is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the wind tube. The present invention realizes a three-dimensional expansion of the ventilation range through the synergistic effect of the reciprocating drive system and the blade deflection structure. The reciprocating drive system converts the rotational motion of the servo motor into the axial reciprocating displacement of the reciprocating frame, driving the first blades to perform periodic wind sweeping actions along the axis of the wind tube while rotating for ventilation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ventilation devices, in particular to a ventilation device for underground mining. Background Art

[0002] In the field of mining engineering, underground ventilation systems are core infrastructure to ensure the safety of workers and maintain normal production operations. The underground mine environment is characterized by high dust, high humidity, closed space, and dynamic fluctuations in environmental parameters. Traditional underground mining ventilation systems have gradually exposed many technical defects in long-term use and are no longer able to meet the efficient ventilation needs of modern mining operations. The specific problems are as follows:

[0003] 1. The fan blades of traditional ventilation devices are mostly fixed installation structures, which can only generate directional airflow through a single rotational motion. The airflow in the tunnel is a linear diffusion pattern, and the coverage of areas such as tunnel walls and corners is limited, which easily forms ventilation dead spots;

[0004] 2. The ventilation parameters of existing ventilation devices are mostly preset fixed values ​​and cannot be dynamically adjusted according to the real-time environment underground;

[0005] 3. Traditional dust filtration devices use fixed installations of filter media with a single pore size, which cannot cope with the periodic fluctuations in dust concentration and particle size in mines;

[0006] 4. In high-dust environments in mines, dust particles are easily attached to the fan blade surface. Traditional fixed-blade fan structures have stable airflow conditions, so dust easily forms laminar deposition on the blade surface, requiring regular manual cleaning. Furthermore, the detection and control of existing ventilation systems are mostly operated independently, making it impossible to achieve full-process real-time collection of environmental parameters at the air inlet and outlet ends.

[0007] Based on this, the present invention provides an underground mining ventilation device to solve the problems raised in the above background technology. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The present invention aims to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art and provides an underground mining ventilation device.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a mining underground ventilation device, comprising a frame, a blower and a servo motor mounted on the frame, and further comprising:

[0010] A reciprocating drive system is provided on the reciprocating drive system, wherein a reciprocating frame is installed on the reciprocating drive system and can be reciprocated and displaced along the axis of the wind tube. The reciprocating stroke of the reciprocating frame is linearly adjustable. A shaft frame is rotatably installed on the reciprocating frame, and a group of first blades are rotatably installed on the shaft frame. A deflection gear is installed at the tail end of each first blade.

[0011] The inner wall of the fan cylinder is rotatably mounted with a fan shaft driven by a servo motor. The shaft frame is driven by the fan shaft. A rotation angle gear plate is mounted at the upper end of the shaft frame at the position corresponding to each first fan blade. Each deflection gear is engaged with the rotation angle gear plate at the corresponding position. A set of second fan blades is mounted on the fan shaft.

[0012] The air inlet port of the air duct is slidably connected to a filter box, which is fixedly connected to the reciprocating frame. A winding system is installed on the filter box, and a filter belt is wound on the winding system. The filter belt is sequentially provided with multiple dust filter areas, and each dust filter area is evenly distributed with dust filter holes, and the apertures of the dust filter holes on the multiple dust filter areas are different. A conversion motor is installed on the frame. When the conversion motor is not working, the winding system drives the filter belt to reciprocate, and when the conversion motor is working, it drives the filter belt to move in a directional manner.

[0013] It also includes a ventilation detection system, which adjusts the working parameters of the conversion motor and the servo motor according to the ventilation detection results.

[0014] As an optimal technical solution of the present invention, the reciprocating drive system includes a guide frame and a top frame installed on the wind cylinder, and the wind cylinder and the top frame are both slidably connected to the reciprocating frame, and the reciprocating frame is equipped with two symmetrically arranged return springs, and the other ends of the two return springs are fixedly connected to the top frame, and a driven shaft is rotatably installed on the top frame, and the output shaft end of the servo motor is connected to the first toothed belt, and the driven shaft is connected to the first toothed belt transmission. The top frame is equipped with a linear transmission module, and the linear transmission module is transmission-installed with an adjustment frame, the adjustment frame is slidably connected to the top frame, and a hollow shaft is rotatably installed on the adjustment frame, and the hollow shaft is transmission-connected to the driven shaft, and a transmission semi-cone column is installed on the hollow shaft, and a driving inclined plate transmission-connected to the transmission semi-cone column is installed on the guide frame, and a group of elastic pressure-resistant components are installed between the guide frame and the reciprocating frame.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the interior of the hollow shaft is fixed with a through groove which is open at both ends and is slidably connected to the driven shaft. The cross-sections of the through groove and the driven shaft are both regular hexagons. The circumferential coverage angle of the transmission semi-conical cylinder is 180°, and the axial cross-section of the transmission semi-conical cylinder is an isosceles trapezoidal structure. The surfaces of the driving inclined plate and the transmission semi-conical cylinder are provided with anti-slip transmission patterns.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, each of the elastic pressure-resistant components includes a T-shaped pressure-resistant rod installed on the driving inclined plate, the T-shaped pressure-resistant rod is slidably connected to the reciprocating frame, and a pressure-resistant spring is sleeved on the T-shaped pressure-resistant rod at a position corresponding to the position between the reciprocating frame and the driving inclined plate. Two guide grooves are provided on the driving inclined plate, and a guide rail slidably connected to the guide groove is installed on the reciprocating frame at a position corresponding to each guide groove, and the notch direction of the guide groove is perpendicular to the reciprocating displacement direction of the reciprocating frame.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the second fan blade is arranged between the first fan blade and the filter belt, the axial position of the shaft frame is fixed with a through groove with openings at both ends and slidingly connected to the fan shaft, the cross-sections of the through groove and the fan shaft are both regular hexagons, and a through hole is provided at the position of each corner tooth plate corresponding to the upper end of the shaft frame. A sealing disk is installed at the end of the fan shaft, and a first corrugated sealing cylinder is installed between the sealing disk and the shaft frame. A tripod is installed in the air duct, and the fan shaft is rotatably installed on the tripod. A second corrugated sealing cylinder is installed on the side of the shaft frame, and the other end of the second corrugated sealing cylinder is sealed and rotatably connected to the tripod.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the winding system includes a static tooth plate, two winding rollers rotatably connected to the filter air box and two guide rollers, the two winding rollers are linked by a second toothed belt, the two ends of the filter belt are respectively fixedly mounted on the two winding rollers, the two guide rollers are both transmission-connected to the filter belt, the output shaft end of the conversion motor is fixedly connected to one of the winding rollers, a group of adjusting push rods are installed between the static tooth plate and the seat frame, a differential shaft is rotatably mounted on the filter air box, a small gear and a large gear are installed on the differential shaft, the small gear is transmission-connected to the static tooth plate, a reciprocating gear is installed on one of the winding rollers, and the reciprocating gear is transmission-connected to the large gear.

[0019] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the radius of the small gear is the same as that of the reciprocating gear, the radius of the large gear is 6 to 9 times the radius of the small gear, the axis of the adjusting push rod is perpendicular to the axis of the wind tube, the tooth arrangement direction of the static tooth plate is parallel to the axis of the wind tube, a coupling is rotatably installed on the wind tube, the coupling is connected to the first toothed belt transmission, bevel gears are installed on the coupling and the fan shaft, and the two bevel gears are orthogonally meshed.

[0020] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the ventilation detection system includes a detection board installed on the air filter box and arranged at the air outlet of the wind duct, and a temperature and humidity probe, a dust sensor and an air analyzer are respectively installed on the detection board. A microcontroller is installed on the end face of the wind duct, and the data ends of the temperature and humidity probe, dust sensor and air analyzer are all connected to the microcontroller data.

[0021] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, it also includes a reverse cleaning nozzle installed on the filter air box and a reverse cleaning air pump installed on the filter air box, the air outlet port of the reverse cleaning air pump is connected to the inner cavity of the reverse cleaning nozzle, the reverse cleaning nozzle is arranged on the inner side of the filter belt and the reverse cleaning nozzle is evenly distributed with air cleaning spray holes, a spray pipe is installed on the filter air box at a position corresponding to the outer side of the filter belt, a liquid storage tank is installed on the seat frame, the liquid storage tank is connected to the pump body, and the other end of the pump body is connected to the inner cavity of the spray pipe through a hose.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. The present invention realizes the three-dimensional expansion of the ventilation range through the synergistic effect of the reciprocating drive system and the fan blade deflection structure. The reciprocating drive system converts the rotational motion of the servo motor into the axial reciprocating displacement of the reciprocating frame, driving the first fan blade to perform periodic wind sweeping action along the axis of the wind tube while rotating ventilation. Cooperating with the meshing transmission of the angle gear plate and the deflection gear, the first fan blade synchronously completes the dynamic angle adjustment during the reciprocating process, forming a composite motion mode of rotation, translation and angular deflection. This three-dimensional airflow field can effectively disturb the still air on the walls and corners of the tunnel, solving the problem of insufficient coverage of complex tunnel environments by traditional fixed fan blades, and significantly improving the uniformity of airflow coverage of mining faces, return air tunnels and other areas.

[0024] 2. In view of the defects that the ventilation parameters of the existing devices are preset and fixed and cannot cope with the dynamic fluctuations of the underground environment, the present invention constructs a closed-loop linkage system for detection, analysis and adjustment. The ventilation detection system collects the whole process ventilation data in real time through the temperature and humidity probes, dust sensors and air analyzers at the air inlet end of the filter box and the air outlet of the air duct. After analyzing the data, the microcontroller accurately adjusts the servo motor speed and the stroke length of the reciprocating drive system. When the dust concentration exceeds the standard, the reciprocating frame stroke can be increased through the linear transmission module, the axial sweeping amplitude of the first fan blade is increased, and the basic air volume of the second fan blade is combined to form a dynamic supercharging effect. The low concentration area automatically shortens the stroke to reduce energy consumption. This on-demand adjustment mode breaks through the limitations of the fixed parameter operation of traditional devices and achieves a dynamic balance between ventilation efficiency and energy consumption.

[0025] 3. In response to the problem that traditional dust filtering devices use single-aperture filter materials and are unable to cope with the periodic changes in dust particle size in mines, the present invention designs a dynamically switchable multi-stage dust filtering system. The winding system tensions the filter belt through two rollers. The multiple dust filtering areas arranged on the filter belt have dust filter holes with different apertures. The ventilation detection system controls the conversion motor to drive the roller to move in a directional manner based on the dust concentration data, and quickly switches the dust filtering area adapted to the current dust particle size. When the conversion motor is not working, the differential shaft drives the filter belt to make a short-distance reciprocating motion through the meshing transmission of the small gear and the static gear plate, thereby realizing repeated and efficient filtration of a single dust filtering area and greatly extending the service life of the filter material. This structure solves the problem of poor adaptability of fixed filter materials, and achieves the optimal balance between dust filtering efficiency and filter material loss through the linkage of detection data, motor action, and filter material switching.

[0026] 4. In response to the problems that traditional fan blades are prone to dust accumulation, require frequent manual cleaning, and have independent detection and control operations, the present invention achieves the coordination of self-cleaning and full-process monitoring through structural innovation. The reciprocating motion of the first fan blade forms periodic centrifugal force fluctuations, which cooperates with the dynamic disturbance of the airflow boundary layer to destroy the laminar deposition conditions of dust on the blade surface and reduce dust adhesion; the anti-cleaning nozzle on the inside of the filter box and the spray pipe on the outside form a two-way cleaning mechanism. The anti-cleaning air pump blows dust on the inside of the filter belt through the spray hole, and the liquid storage tank reduces dust on the outside of the filter belt through the spray pipe to avoid clogging of the dust filter holes. At the same time, the ventilation detection system realizes the full-process collection of environmental parameters at the air inlet and outlet ends, replacing the traditional independent detection mode. Through the microcontroller linkage drive, dust filtration and cleaning system, the manual cleaning frequency and maintenance cost are greatly reduced, and the continuous operation reliability of the device is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an underground mining ventilation device;

[0028] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Structural diagram from another perspective;

[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure at A in the middle;

[0030] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the guide frame and the driving inclined plate;

[0031] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure at B in the middle;

[0032] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the air duct and the air filter box;

[0033] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure at C in the middle;

[0034] Figure 8 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure at D in the middle;

[0035] Figure 9 It is a structural diagram of the filter air box and the roller;

[0036] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the anti-cleaning nozzle and the large gear;

[0037] Figure 11 It is a structural diagram of the transmission semi-conical cylinder;

[0038] Figure 12 is a structural diagram of the pinion;

[0039] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the structure of the filter belt and dust filter area.

[0040] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are as follows: 1. Base frame; 2. Air cylinder; 3. Servo motor; 4. Reciprocating frame; 5. Shaft frame; 6. First fan blade; 7. Deflection gear; 8. Fan shaft; 9. Angle gear plate; 10. Second fan blade; 11. Air filter box; 12. Filter belt; 13. Dust filter area; 14. Conversion motor; 15. Guide frame; 16. Top frame; 17. Return spring; 18. Driven shaft; 19. Linear transmission module; 20. Adjustment frame; 21. Hollow shaft; 22. Transmission semi-conical column; 23. , driving inclined plate; 24, elastic pressure-resistant component; 25, sealing disk; 26, first corrugated sealing cylinder; 27, second corrugated sealing cylinder; 28, static gear plate; 29, winding roller; 30, guide roller; 31, differential shaft; 32, large gear; 33, reciprocating gear; 34, liquid storage tank; 35, spray tube; 36, coupling; 37, temperature and humidity probe; 38, dust sensor; 39, air analyzer; 40, microcontroller; 41, anti-cleaning nozzle; 42, anti-cleaning air pump; 43, adjusting push rod; 44, small gear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0042] The present invention provides the following preferred embodiments:

[0043] like Figures 1-13 As shown, a ventilation device for underground mining includes a frame 1 and a wind tube 2 and a servo motor 3 mounted on the frame 1. The wind tube 2 is a hollow cylindrical structure with two ends open, and further includes:

[0044] The reciprocating drive system is provided with a reciprocating frame 4 which can be reciprocated and displaced along the axis of the wind tube 2. The reciprocating stroke of the reciprocating frame 4 is linearly adjustable. A shaft frame 5 is rotatably mounted on the reciprocating frame 4. A group of first blades 6 are rotatably mounted on the shaft frame 5. A deflection gear 7 is mounted on the tail end of each first blade 6.

[0045] The inner wall of the fan cylinder 2 is rotatably mounted with a fan shaft 8 driven by a servo motor 3. The shaft frame 5 is driven by the fan shaft 8. A rotation angle tooth plate 9 is mounted at the position of each first fan blade 6 at the upper end of the shaft frame 5. Each deflection gear 7 is engaged with the rotation angle tooth plate 9 at the corresponding position. A group of second fan blades 10 are mounted on the fan shaft 8.

[0046] The axis of the shaft frame 5 is fixed with a through slot with both ends open and slidably connected to the fan shaft 8. The cross-sections of the through slot and the fan shaft 8 are both regular hexagons. A through hole is opened on the shaft frame 5 at the position corresponding to each corner gear plate 9.

[0047] The sliding fit structure of the regular hexagonal through-groove and the fan shaft 8 can not only realize the stable torque transmission from the fan shaft 8 to the shaft frame 5, ensuring that the shaft frame 5 rotates synchronously with the fan shaft 8 and the first fan blade 6 and the second fan blade 10 rotate at the same speed, but also allow the shaft frame 5 to slide back and forth freely along the axis of the fan shaft 8. The through hole opened on the shaft frame 5 can effectively reduce the overall weight and reduce the inertia load during reciprocating motion, while avoiding structural interference with the corner gear plate 9.

[0048] The reciprocating drive system includes a guide frame 15 and a top frame 16 mounted on the air cylinder 2. The air cylinder 2 and the top frame 16 are both slidably connected to the reciprocating frame 4. The reciprocating frame 4 is equipped with two symmetrically arranged return springs 17. The other ends of the two return springs 17 are fixedly connected to the top frame 16.

[0049] A driven shaft 18 is rotatably mounted on the top frame 16, and the output shaft end of the servo motor 3 is connected to a first toothed belt. The driven shaft 18 is connected to the first toothed belt. A linear transmission module 19 is mounted on the top frame 16, and an adjustment frame 20 is installed on the linear transmission module 19. The adjustment frame 20 is slidably connected to the top frame 16.

[0050] A hollow shaft 21 is rotatably mounted on the adjusting frame 20, and the hollow shaft 21 is transmission-connected to the driven shaft 18;

[0051] A through slot with both ends open and slidably connected to the driven shaft 18 is fixedly provided inside the hollow shaft 21. The cross sections of the through slot and the driven shaft 18 are both regular hexagons.

[0052] A transmission semi-conical column 22 is mounted on the hollow shaft 21, and a driving inclined plate 23 connected to the transmission semi-conical column 22 is mounted on the guide frame 15;

[0053] The surfaces of the driving inclined plate 23 and the transmission semi-conical cylinder 22 are both provided with anti-slip transmission lines;

[0054] The circumferential coverage angle of the transmission semi-conical cylinder 22 is 180°, and the axial cross-section of the transmission semi-conical cylinder 22 is an isosceles trapezoidal structure.

[0055] A set of elastic anti-pressure components 24 is installed between the guide frame 15 and the reciprocating frame 4.

[0056] Each elastic pressure-resistant assembly 24 includes a T-shaped pressure-resistant rod mounted on the driving inclined plate 23, the T-shaped pressure-resistant rod being slidably connected to the reciprocating frame 4, a pressure-resistant spring being sleeved on the T-shaped pressure-resistant rod and corresponding to the position between the reciprocating frame 4 and the driving inclined plate 23, two guide grooves being provided on the driving inclined plate 23, and a guide rail being slidably connected to the guide groove being mounted on the reciprocating frame 4 and corresponding to each guide groove, and the notch direction of the guide groove being perpendicular to the reciprocating displacement direction of the reciprocating frame 4;

[0057] The servo motor 3 drives the driven shaft 18, the hollow shaft 21, and the transmission semi-conical cylinder 22 to rotate via the first toothed belt. The transmission semi-conical cylinder 22 contacts the driving swash plate 23 using its isosceles trapezoidal structure with 180° circumferential coverage. During rotation, the transmission semi-conical cylinder 22 drives the driving swash plate 23 to move back and forth, and cooperates with the return spring 17 to automatically reset the reciprocating frame 4, forming a stable reciprocating sliding power source.

[0058] The linear transmission module 19 changes the contact position between the transmission semi-conical column 22 and the driving inclined plate 23 through the adjustment frame 20, and can linearly adjust the stroke length of the reciprocating frame 4;

[0059] The anti-skid pattern on the transmission surface avoids slipping during high-speed transmission, ensuring stable power transmission efficiency.

[0060] The 180° circumferentially covered isosceles trapezoidal structure of the transmission semi-conical cylinder 22 cooperates with the driving inclined plate 23 to convert the rotational motion of the servo motor 3 into axial linear motion of the reciprocating frame 4, driving the shaft frame 5 and the first fan blade 6 to perform periodic reciprocating displacement along the axis of the wind tube 2. This composite motion mode enables the first fan blade 6 to generate an axial sweeping action while rotating for ventilation, forming a three-dimensional airflow field of rotation and translation, effectively eliminating the ventilation blind spots of traditional fixed fan blades and enhancing the disturbance effect of the airflow on the walls and corners of the tunnel.

[0061] When the ventilation detection system detects that the dust concentration exceeds the standard, the microcontroller 40 can control the linear transmission module 19 to increase the stroke in real time, so that the axial sweeping amplitude of the first fan blade 6 increases, and cooperates with the rotating air volume of the second fan blade 10 to form a dynamic boosting effect, thereby realizing linear adjustment of the air volume without increasing the motor power, and adapting to the ventilation needs of different scenarios such as underground mining faces and return air lanes.

[0062] By adjusting the stroke length of the reciprocating frame 4, the ventilation angle and coverage area of ​​the first fan blade 6 can be dynamically changed to achieve on-demand ventilation. In low dust concentration areas, the stroke is automatically shortened to reduce ineffective energy consumption, while in high concentration areas, the stroke is increased to enhance ventilation.

[0063] The reciprocating frame 4 drives the first blade 6 to perform periodic axial displacement along the axis of the air duct 2, so that the first blade 6 is superimposed with axial acceleration changes during the rotation process, forming periodic centrifugal force fluctuations. When the first blade 6 moves toward the air inlet of the air duct 2, the centrifugal force increases, which can throw out the dust particles attached to the surface. When moving in the opposite direction, the centrifugal force decreases, and the secondary cleaning is achieved in conjunction with the air flow impact, so that the dust adhesion rate on the surface of the first blade 6 is reduced;

[0064] The reciprocating motion of the first blade 6 changes the flow state of the airflow on the blade surface, forming an alternating boundary layer separation point;

[0065] When the first blade 6 moves toward the air outlet, the airflow angle of attack increases, the boundary layer becomes thinner, and local turbulence is generated. When moving in the opposite direction, the angle of attack decreases, and the boundary layer reattaches. This dynamic disturbance destroys the laminar deposition conditions of dust particles on the blade surface, making it difficult for dust to form a stable adhesion layer, thereby extending the dust cleaning cycle when the fan is working;

[0066] Through the transmission connection between the driven shaft 18 and the first toothed belt, the torque of the servo motor 3 is transmitted to the driving inclined plate 23 through the hollow shaft 21 and the transmission semi-conical cylinder 22, driving the axial displacement of the reciprocating frame 4;

[0067] The deflection gear 7 on the shaft frame 5 is engaged with the fixed angle gear plate 9, so that the first fan blade 6 can synchronously realize the reciprocating angle deflection during the reciprocating motion;

[0068] When the first fan blade 6 moves toward the air inlet, the attack angle of the first fan blade 6 increases, thereby enhancing the air collection effect of the air inlet section. When it moves toward the air outlet, the attack angle decreases, thereby reducing the air outlet resistance. This forms a dynamic wind pressure regulation with air inlet pressure increase and air outlet pressure reduction, thereby reducing the fluctuation amplitude of the air flow velocity in the air duct 2 and avoiding the air flow impact noise caused by traditional fixed-angle fan blades.

[0069] The periodic change of the angle of the first blade 6 and the rotational motion are superimposed to form a spiral three-dimensional vortex field in the air duct 2. When the first blade 6 is at a positive angle of attack, it pushes the central airflow forward at an accelerated speed. When the first blade 6 is at a negative angle of attack, it guides the peripheral airflow to converge toward the center, forming a composite flow pattern of axial propulsion and radial stirring.

[0070] This flow pattern can improve the wind speed uniformity in the tunnel section;

[0071] By adjusting the angle variation of the first fan blade 6, a dynamic balance between ventilation efficiency and energy consumption can be achieved;

[0072] The air inlet port of the air cylinder 2 is slidably connected to a filter box 11, which is fixedly connected to the reciprocating frame 4. A winding system is installed on the filter box 11, and a filter belt 12 is wound on the winding system. A plurality of dust filtering areas 13 are sequentially arranged on the filter belt 12;

[0073] Preferably, the number of dust filtering areas 13 is three;

[0074] Dust filter holes are evenly distributed on each dust filter area 13, and the diameters of the dust filter holes on the multiple dust filter areas 13 are different;

[0075] A conversion motor 14 is installed on the seat frame 1. When the conversion motor 14 is not working, the winding system drives the filter belt 12 to reciprocate. When the conversion motor 14 is working, it drives the filter belt 12 to move in a directional manner.

[0076] The second fan blade 10 is arranged between the first fan blade 6 and the filter belt 12. A sealing disk 25 is installed at the end of the fan shaft 8. A first corrugated sealing cylinder 26 is installed between the sealing disk 25 and the shaft frame 5. A tripod is installed in the air cylinder 2. The fan shaft 8 is rotatably mounted on the tripod. A second corrugated sealing cylinder 27 is installed on the side of the shaft frame 5. The other end of the second corrugated sealing cylinder 27 is sealed and rotatably connected to the tripod.

[0077] The second blades 10 are arranged between the first blades 6 and the filter belt 12, and can initially pressurize and directional guide the airflow after the dust filter treatment, providing a stable reference airflow for the dynamic adjustment of the downstream first blades 6, solving the problem of single airflow control and insufficient turbulence intensity of the traditional single set of blades;

[0078] The first corrugated sealing cylinder 26 and the second corrugated sealing cylinder 27 can flexibly extend and retract with the reciprocating sliding and rotation of the shaft frame 5, effectively preventing dust in the mine air from entering the matching gap between the shaft frame 5 and the fan shaft 8 and the rotating part of the tripod, avoiding transmission jamming or wear caused by dust accumulation, and solving the problems of poor sealing and frequent maintenance of equipment in the high dust environment of mines;

[0079] The winding system includes a static tooth plate 28, two winding rollers 29 and two guide rollers 30 rotatably connected to the filter air box 11. The two winding rollers 29 are linked by a second toothed belt. The two ends of the filter belt 12 are respectively fixedly mounted on the two winding rollers 29. The two guide rollers 30 are both transmission connected to the filter belt 12. The output shaft end of the conversion motor 14 is fixedly connected to a winding roller 29. A group of adjusting push rods 43 are installed between the static tooth plate 28 and the seat frame 1. A differential shaft 31 is rotatably mounted on the filter air box 11. A small gear 44 and a large gear 32 are installed on the differential shaft 31. The small gear 44 is transmission connected to the static tooth plate 28. A reciprocating gear 33 is installed on a winding roller 29, and the reciprocating gear 33 is transmission connected to the large gear 32.

[0080] The pinion 44 has the same radius as the reciprocating gear 33;

[0081] Preferably, the radius of the large gear 32 is eight times the radius of the small gear 44;

[0082] The axis of the adjusting push rod 43 is perpendicular to the axis of the wind tube 2, and the teeth arrangement direction of the static tooth plate 28 is parallel to the axis of the wind tube 2. A coupling 36 is rotatably mounted on the wind tube 2, and the coupling 36 is connected to the first toothed belt transmission. Bevel gears are mounted on both the coupling 36 and the fan shaft 8, and the two bevel gears are orthogonally meshed.

[0083] It also includes a ventilation detection system to adjust the working parameters of the conversion motor 14 and the servo motor 3 according to the ventilation detection results.

[0084] The ventilation detection system includes a detection board installed on the air filter box 11 and arranged at the air outlet of the air duct 2. The detection board is respectively installed with a temperature and humidity probe 37, a dust sensor 38 and an air analyzer 39. A microcontroller 40 is installed on the end face of the air duct 2. The data ends of the temperature and humidity probe 37, the dust sensor 38 and the air analyzer 39 are all data-connected to the microcontroller 40.

[0085] The detection board at the air filter box 11 monitors the initial airflow state entering the air duct 2 in real time. The detection board at the air outlet of the air duct 2 continuously collects the temperature, humidity, dust concentration and harmful gas content of the outgoing airflow through the temperature and humidity probe 37, the dust sensor 38 and the air analyzer 39, forming a full-process ventilation data chain. The data from each sensor is transmitted via wired to the microcontroller 40 at the end face of the air duct 2. The microcontroller 40 analyzes and compares the data to determine whether the current ventilation state meets the requirements;

[0086] Based on the judgment result, the microcontroller 40 sends adjustment instructions to the conversion motor 14 and the servo motor 3. When the dust concentration exceeds the standard, the conversion motor 14 is controlled to start, driving the winding system to move in a directional manner and switch to the dust filter area 13 with a smaller dust filter hole diameter. When the dust concentration is lower than the threshold, the conversion motor 14 stops working, and the winding system drives the filter belt 12 to reciprocate, extending the service life of the single dust filter area 13. When the ventilation range needs to be expanded, the speed of the servo motor 3 is adjusted to change the frequency of the reciprocating drive system, and the stroke of the reciprocating frame 4 is adjusted through the linear transmission module 19. When the local wind pressure needs to be strengthened, the output power of the servo motor 3 is increased;

[0087] Traditional mine ventilation systems mostly operate with fixed parameters and are unable to respond to dynamic changes in the underground environment. This system, through real-time monitoring and linkage with the microcontroller 40, can complete a closed loop from data collection to equipment adjustment within two seconds.

[0088] It also includes a reverse cleaning nozzle 41 installed on the filter air box 11 and a reverse cleaning air pump 42 installed on the filter air box 11. The air outlet port of the reverse cleaning air pump 42 is connected to the inner cavity of the reverse cleaning nozzle 41. The reverse cleaning nozzle 41 is arranged on the inner side of the filter belt 12 and the reverse cleaning nozzle 41 is evenly distributed with air cleaning spray holes. A spray pipe 35 is installed on the filter air box 11 at a position corresponding to the outer side of the filter belt 12. A liquid storage tank 34 is installed on the seat 1. The liquid storage tank 34 is connected to the pump body. The other end of the pump body is connected to the inner cavity of the spray pipe 35 through a hose.

[0089] The filter belt 12 and the dust filter area 13 are both made of flexible metal mesh.

[0090] The dust filter areas 13 with different apertures on the filter belt 12 can be dynamically switched through the winding system. The ventilation detection system controls the movement of the reel 29 through the conversion motor 14 based on the monitoring data of the sensor. When the conversion motor 14 is not working, the filter box 11 slides with the reciprocating frame 4 to drive the differential shaft 31 to move. The static gear plate 28 engages with the small gear 44 for transmission. After the large gear 32 is decelerated, the reel 29 is driven to make the filter belt 12 reciprocate over a short distance, thereby achieving repeated and efficient dust filtration in a single dust filter area 13 and reducing the ineffective consumption of filter materials.

[0091] When the conversion motor 14 is working, it drives the roller 29 to move in a directional manner, quickly switching the dust filter area 13 to adapt to the dust concentration, solving the problem that the dust filter holes of the traditional dust filter device are fixed and cannot adapt to the fluctuation of the dust concentration in the mine;

[0092] Adjusting the push rod 43 controls the meshing state of the stationary tooth plate 28 and the pinion 44, flexibly switching the movement mode of the filter belt 12. The differential drive design reduces winding energy consumption. The filter belt 12 made of flexible metal mesh is wear-resistant and easy to clean. Combined with the cleaning functions of the anti-cleaning nozzle 41 and the spray pipe 35, it significantly extends the service life of the filter material and reduces the maintenance cost of mine ventilation.

[0093] The conversion motor 14 can idlingly rotate in a non-powered state. The conversion motor 14 does not have a self-locking structure in a power-off state, so that the conversion motor 14 can rotate in accordance with the movement of the winding roller 29.

[0094] The underground mining ventilation device of the present invention is centered on the deep linkage of multiple systems including detection, driving, dust filtration and cleaning. The ventilation detection system collects the temperature, humidity, dust concentration and harmful gas data of the air inlet of the filter box 11 and the air outlet of the air duct 2 in real time. After analysis by the microcontroller 40, the servo motor 3 and the conversion motor 14 are controlled in a linkage manner to form a dynamic adjustment closed loop. The servo motor 3 serves as the core power source. On the one hand, it drives the fan shaft 8 to rotate through the first toothed belt, driving the second fan blade 10 to generate a basic air volume. At the same time, the rotational motion is converted into an axial thrust for driving the inclined plate 23 through the driven shaft 18, the hollow shaft 21 and the transmission semi-conical column 22. The reciprocating frame 4 is moved back and forth along the axis of the air duct 2 in conjunction with the return spring 17, and the stroke of the reciprocating frame 4 is adjusted by the linear transmission module 19. Linear adjustment of the ventilation range is achieved. On the other hand, when the shaft frame 5 rotates synchronously with the fan shaft 8, the deflection gear 7 at the tail end of the first fan blade 6 is engaged with the angle tooth plate 9, and the angle dynamic deflection is synchronously completed during the reciprocating movement, forming a composite airflow field of rotation, reciprocating and angle adjustment, eliminating ventilation dead corners. In the air filtering system, the filter box 11 and the reciprocating frame 4 slide synchronously to ensure stable air intake, and the winding system switches the operating mode according to the working parameters of the conversion motor 14. When the conversion motor 14 is not working, the differential transmission makes the filter belt 12 reciprocate a short distance to extend the life of a single dust filter area 13. When working, the direction drive switches the dust filter areas 13 with different apertures to adapt to the dust concentration. At the same time, the anti-cleaning air pump 42 and the spray pipe 35 clean the filter belt 12 from the inside and outside to ensure dust filtering efficiency.

[0095] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ventilation device for underground mining, comprising a frame (1), a wind tube (2) and a servo motor (3) mounted on the frame (1), characterized in that: Also includes: A reciprocating drive system, wherein a reciprocating frame (4) is installed on the reciprocating drive system and can be reciprocated along the axis direction of the wind tube (2), the reciprocating stroke of the reciprocating frame (4) is linearly adjustable, a shaft frame (5) is rotatably installed on the reciprocating frame (4), a group of first blades (6) is rotatably installed on the shaft frame (5), and a deflection gear (7) is installed at the tail end of each first blade (6); The inner wall of the fan cylinder (2) is rotatably mounted with a fan shaft (8) driven by a servo motor (3), the shaft frame (5) is driven by the fan shaft (8), and a rotation angle tooth plate (9) is mounted at the position of each first fan blade (6) corresponding to the upper end of the shaft frame (5), and each deflection gear (7) is meshed with the rotation angle tooth plate (9) at the corresponding position, and a group of second fan blades (10) is mounted on the fan shaft (8); The air inlet port of the air duct (2) is slidably connected to a filter box (11), the filter box (11) is fixedly connected to the reciprocating frame (4), a winding system is installed on the filter box (11), a filter belt (12) is wound on the winding system, a plurality of dust filter areas (13) are sequentially arranged on the filter belt (12), dust filter holes are evenly distributed on each dust filter area (13), and the apertures of the dust filter holes on the plurality of dust filter areas (13) are different, a conversion motor (14) is installed on the base frame (1), when the conversion motor (14) is not working, the winding system drives the filter belt (12) to reciprocate, and when the conversion motor (14) is working, the filter belt (12) is driven to move in a directional manner; It also includes a ventilation detection system for adjusting the operating parameters of the conversion motor (14) and the servo motor (3) based on the detection results.

2. The underground mining ventilation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reciprocating drive system includes a guide frame (15) and a top frame (16) installed on the wind tube (2), the wind tube (2) and the top frame (16) are both slidably connected to the reciprocating frame (4), the reciprocating frame (4) is installed with two symmetrically arranged return springs (17), the other ends of the two return springs (17) are fixedly connected to the top frame (16), a driven shaft (18) is rotatably installed on the top frame (16), the output shaft end of the servo motor (3) is transmission-connected with a first toothed belt, the driven shaft (18) is transmission-connected with the first toothed belt, and the top frame (16) is installed with a A linear transmission module (19) is provided with an adjusting frame (20) for transmission installation on the linear transmission module (19), the adjusting frame (20) is slidably connected to the top frame (16), a hollow shaft (21) is rotatably installed on the adjusting frame (20), the hollow shaft (21) is transmission-connected to the driven shaft (18), a transmission semi-conical column (22) is installed on the hollow shaft (21), a driving inclined plate (23) transmission-connected to the transmission semi-conical column (22) is installed on the guide frame (15), and a group of elastic pressure-resistant components (24) are installed between the guide frame (15) and the reciprocating frame (4).

3. The underground mining ventilation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hollow shaft (21) is fixedly provided with a through groove with two ends open and slidably connected to the driven shaft (18), the cross sections of the through groove and the driven shaft (18) are both regular hexagons, the circumferential coverage angle of the transmission semi-conical column (22) is 180 degrees, the axial cross section of the transmission semi-conical column (22) is an isosceles trapezoidal structure, and the surfaces of the driving inclined plate (23) and the transmission semi-conical column (22) are both provided with anti-slip transmission lines.

4. The underground mining ventilation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the elastic anti-pressure components (24) includes a T-shaped anti-pressure rod mounted on the driving inclined plate (23), the T-shaped anti-pressure rod being slidably connected to the reciprocating frame (4), a pressure-resistant spring being sleeved on the T-shaped anti-pressure rod and corresponding to the position between the reciprocating frame (4) and the driving inclined plate (23), two guide grooves being provided on the driving inclined plate (23), a guide rail being slidably connected to the guide groove being mounted on the reciprocating frame (4) and corresponding to the position of each guide groove, and the notch direction of the guide groove being perpendicular to the reciprocating displacement direction of the reciprocating frame (4).

5. The underground mining ventilation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second fan blade (10) is arranged between the first fan blade (6) and the filter belt (12); the axis position of the shaft frame (5) is fixed with a through groove with two ends opened and slidably connected to the fan shaft (8); the cross-sections of the through groove and the fan shaft (8) are both regular hexagons; a through hole is opened on the shaft frame (5) and at a position corresponding to each corner tooth plate (9); a sealing disk (25) is installed at the end of the fan shaft (8); a first corrugated sealing cylinder (26) is installed between the sealing disk (25) and the shaft frame (5); a tripod is installed in the air duct (2); the fan shaft (8) is rotatably installed on the tripod; a second corrugated sealing cylinder (27) is installed on the side of the shaft frame (5); the other end of the second corrugated sealing cylinder (27) is sealingly and rotatably connected to the tripod.

6. The underground mining ventilation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The winding system includes a stationary tooth plate (28), two winding rollers (29) rotatably connected to the filter air box (11), and two guide rollers (30). The two winding rollers (29) are linked by a second toothed belt. The two ends of the filter belt (12) are respectively fixedly mounted on the two winding rollers (29). The two guide rollers (30) are both transmission-connected to the filter belt (12). The output shaft end of the conversion motor (14) is fixedly connected to one of the winding rollers (29). A group of adjustment push rods (43) are installed between the stationary tooth plate (28) and the seat frame (1). A differential shaft (31) is rotatably mounted on the filter air box (11). A small gear (44) and a large gear (32) are installed on the differential shaft (31). The small gear (44) is transmission-connected to the stationary tooth plate (28). A reciprocating gear (33) is installed on one of the winding rollers (29). The reciprocating gear (33) is transmission-connected to the large gear (32).

7. The underground mining ventilation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The radius of the small gear (44) is the same as that of the reciprocating gear (33), the radius of the large gear (32) is 6 to 9 times the radius of the small gear (44), the axis of the adjusting push rod (43) is perpendicular to the axis of the wind tube (2), the tooth arrangement direction of the static tooth plate (28) is parallel to the axis of the wind tube (2), and a coupling (36) is rotatably mounted on the wind tube (2), the coupling (36) is connected to the first toothed belt transmission, and bevel gears are mounted on both the coupling (36) and the fan shaft (8), and the two bevel gears are orthogonally meshed.

8. The underground mining ventilation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ventilation detection system comprises a detection board installed on the air filter box (11) and arranged at the air outlet of the air duct (2), wherein a temperature and humidity probe (37), a dust sensor (38) and an air analyzer (39) are respectively installed on the detection board, and a microcontroller (40) is installed on the end surface of the air duct (2), and the data ends of the temperature and humidity probe (37), the dust sensor (38) and the air analyzer (39) are all data-connected to the microcontroller (40).

9. The underground mining ventilation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also includes a back-clearing nozzle (41) installed on the filter air box (11) and a back-clearing air pump (42) installed on the filter air box (11), wherein the air outlet port of the back-clearing air pump (42) is communicated with the inner cavity of the back-clearing nozzle (41), the back-clearing nozzle (41) is arranged on the inner side of the filter belt (12) and the back-clearing nozzle (41) is uniformly distributed with air-clearing spray holes, a spray pipe (35) is installed on the filter air box (11) at a position corresponding to the outer side of the filter belt (12), a liquid storage tank (34) is installed on the seat frame (1), the liquid storage tank (34) is communicated with a pump body, and the other end of the pump body is communicated with the inner cavity of the spray pipe (35) through a hose.

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