Vacuum circuit breaker

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of circuit breakers, and discloses a vacuum circuit breaker which comprises a fixed rod, an upper main contact and a vertical deep hole, a protruding part is arranged at the bottom of the upper main contact, an upper auxiliary contact is arranged at the bottom of the protruding part, an insulating rod is arranged at the position, located on the outer side of the protruding part, of the bottom of the upper main contact, and the vertical deep hole is formed in the top of a movable rod. A vertical deep hole is formed in the upper main contact, a lower auxiliary contact is movably installed in the vertical deep hole, a spring is arranged at the bottom of the lower auxiliary contact, and the distance between the upper auxiliary contact and the lower auxiliary contact is smaller than the distance between the upper main contact and the rotating contact disc, so that high-voltage arcs can be guided to the surfaces of the upper auxiliary contact and the lower auxiliary contact after opening. And finally, high temperature and high pressure generated by the electric arc act on the surfaces of the upper auxiliary contact and the lower auxiliary contact, so that the upper main contact and the rotating contact disc are protected, the surface damage caused by the high temperature and high pressure generated by the electric arc after the upper main contact and the rotating contact disc are switched on and switched off for multiple times is avoided, and the practicability of the device is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of circuit breakers, and in particular to a vacuum circuit breaker. Background Art

[0002] The vacuum circuit breaker works on the principle of extinguishing the arc by utilizing the lack of conductive medium in a vacuum environment. A conventional vacuum circuit breaker consists of a ceramic shell, an inner shielding cover, and upper and lower contacts. The ceramic shell is isolated from the outside world and its interior is maintained in a vacuum state. At the same time, the inner shielding cover is used to isolate the arc. When opening and closing, the lower contact moves up and down and contacts or separates with the upper contact. Since the interior of the ceramic shell cannot maintain an absolute vacuum, an arc will still be generated, and a high-temperature and high-pressure environment will be formed on the surfaces of the upper and lower contacts. Under this action, the metal vaporizes and forms steam. These steams act as a medium to promote the generation of the arc, causing the surfaces of the upper and lower contacts to still be corroded by the arc. After a long period of time and multiple opening and closing operations, defects will appear on the upper and lower contacts, and after closing, the upper and lower contacts will be in a tight state after contact, thereby affecting the power transmission effect. In this regard, the present application document proposes a vacuum circuit breaker to solve the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present application proposes a vacuum circuit breaker, which has the advantage of utilizing upper and lower auxiliary contacts to withstand arcs and thus protect upper and lower main contacts, and is used to solve the problem of upper and lower main contacts being corroded by high temperature and high pressure generated by arcs.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solution: a vacuum circuit breaker, comprising a ceramic shell, an upper closing seat and a lower closing seat are respectively provided at the bottom of the inner wall of the ceramic shell near the top, the contact surfaces of the upper closing seat and the lower closing seat with the ceramic shell are sealed, a fixed contact device is provided on the top fixed sleeve of the upper closing seat, a moving contact device is movably installed on the bottom of the lower closing seat, the contact surface of the outer surface of the moving contact device with the lower closing seat is subjected to sliding sealing treatment, a shielding cover is provided on the inner wall of the ceramic shell near the middle, a guide device is provided on the inner wall of the shielding cover, and an electromagnetic device is provided on the top of the lower closing seat.

[0005] Furthermore, the fixed contact device includes a fixed rod and an upper main contact, the bottom of the upper main contact is provided with a protrusion, the bottom of the protrusion is provided with an upper auxiliary contact, and the bottom of the upper main contact is provided with an insulating rod at a position outside the protrusion.

[0006] Furthermore, the moving contact device includes a moving rod and a lower main contact, a vertical deep hole is opened on the top of the moving rod, the vertical deep hole extends to the interior of the lower main contact, the inner wall of the vertical deep hole is provided with a bypass hole, the surfaces of the vertical deep hole and the bypass hole are covered with an insulating lining, the lower auxiliary contact is movably installed in the interior of the vertical deep hole, the bottom of the lower auxiliary contact is provided with a spring, the top of the moving rod is located outside the vertical deep hole and a rotating contact disk is movably sleeved, the outer surface of the rotating contact disk is fixedly installed with a driving block, and the top of the rotating contact disk is provided with a mating groove.

[0007] Furthermore, the insulating rods and the matching grooves are distributed in a circular array, and when the upper main contact is combined with the rotating contact disc, the insulating rods and the matching grooves are matched one by one.

[0008] Furthermore, the guide device includes a guide sleeve, a triangular guide groove is formed on the inner wall of the guide sleeve near the bottom, a guide bevel groove is formed on the inner wall of the guide sleeve at the top of the triangular guide groove, and a vertical groove is formed on the inner wall of the guide sleeve at the top of the guide bevel groove; Specifically, the driving block contacts the triangular guide groove, the guide oblique groove and the vertical groove during the movement and is limited.

[0009] Furthermore, the electromagnetic device includes a coil, an input end of the coil is provided with a power receiving end, and an output end of the coil is provided with a power transmitting end; Specifically, the power receiving end passes through the bypass hole and contacts the lower auxiliary contact, and the power transmitting end contacts the moving rod.

[0010] Furthermore, the driving block corresponds to the matching groove, and the protrusion is located directly above the vertical groove.

[0011] This application has the following beneficial effects.

[0012] It can increase the contact area between the fixed contact device and the moving contact device after closing, reduce the impact of stroke defects caused by electric arc in high temperature and high pressure environment on power transmission stability, and guide the arc to the outer surface of the upper auxiliary contact and the lower auxiliary contact, which can shorten the action time of the arc and the upper main contact and the rotating contact disk, thereby playing a protective role. After opening, the magnetic field generated by the coil can effectively attract metal vapor, but the arc loses its conductive medium and extinguishes quickly. At the same time, after opening, the rotation effect of the rotating contact disk can cause the metal powder accumulated on the surface of the rotating contact disk to be thrown out and detached under the action of centrifugal force, thereby avoiding its impact on closing and power transmission. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments disclosed herein and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles disclosed herein.

[0014] The present disclosure can be more clearly understood from the following detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a diagram of the fixed contact device structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a diagram of the movable contact device structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the movable contact device of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a diagram of the structural guide device of the present invention; Figure 7 A top view of the structural guide device of the present invention; Figure 8 The structure of the present invention Figure 7 Cross-section in the middle AA direction; Figure 9 The structure of the present invention Figure 7 Cross-section in the middle BB direction; Figure 10 This is a diagram of the electromagnetic device structure of the present invention.

[0015] In the figure; 1. Ceramic shell; 2. Upper closing seat; 3. Lower closing seat; 4. Fixed contact device; 41. Fixed rod; 42. Upper main contact; 43. Protrusion; 44. Upper auxiliary contact; 45. Insulating rod; 5. Moving contact device; 51. Moving rod; 52. Lower main contact; 53. Vertical deep hole; 54. Bypass hole; 55. Insulating lining; 56. Lower auxiliary contact; 57. Spring; 58. Rotating contact disc; 59. Driving block; 50. Matching groove; 6. Shielding cover; 7. Guide device; 71. Guide sleeve; 72. Triangular guide groove; 73. Guide inclined groove; 74. Vertical groove; 8. Electromagnetic device; 81. Coil; 82. Receiving end; 83. Transmitting end. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0017] A vacuum circuit breaker, see Figure 1-Figure 2, including a ceramic shell 1, an upper closed seat 2 and a lower closed seat 3 are respectively provided at the bottom position of the inner wall of the ceramic shell 1 near the top, the contact surfaces of the upper closed seat 2 and the lower closed seat 3 with the ceramic shell 1 are sealed, the top fixed sleeve of the upper closed seat 2 is provided with a fixed contact device 4, the bottom of the lower closed seat 3 is movably installed with a moving contact device 5, the contact surface of the outer surface of the moving contact device 5 with the lower closed seat 3 is subjected to sliding sealing treatment, a shielding cover 6 is provided near the middle position of the inner wall of the ceramic shell 1, the inner wall of the shielding cover 6 is provided with a guide device 7, and the top of the lower closed seat 3 is provided with an electromagnetic device 8.

[0018] See also Figure 3 The fixed contact device 4 includes a fixed rod 41 and an upper main contact 42. A protrusion 43 is provided at the bottom of the upper main contact 42, an upper auxiliary contact 44 is provided at the bottom of the protrusion 43, and an insulating rod 45 is provided at the bottom of the upper main contact 42 at a position outside the protrusion 43.

[0019] See also Figure 4-Figure 5 The moving contact device 5 includes a moving rod 51 and a lower main contact 52. A vertical deep hole 53 is opened at the top of the moving rod 51, and the vertical deep hole 53 extends to the interior of the lower main contact 52. A bypass hole 54 is provided on the inner wall of the vertical deep hole 53. The surfaces of the vertical deep hole 53 and the bypass hole 54 are covered with an insulating lining 55. A lower auxiliary contact 56 is movably installed inside the vertical deep hole 53, and a spring 57 is provided at the bottom of the lower auxiliary contact 56. A rotating contact disk 58 is movably sleeved on the top of the moving rod 51 at a position outside the vertical deep hole 53. A driving block 59 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the rotating contact disk 58, and a matching groove 50 is provided on the top of the rotating contact disk 58.

[0020] During the opening action, the fixed contact device 4 is separated from the moving contact device 5. At this time, the lower auxiliary contact 56 pops out under the action of the spring force of the spring 57, so that the distance between the upper auxiliary contact 44 and the lower auxiliary contact 56 is smaller than the distance between the upper main contact 42 and the rotating contact disk 58, so that the high-voltage arc will be guided to the surface of the upper auxiliary contact 44 and the lower auxiliary contact 56 after the opening. Finally, the high temperature and high pressure generated by the arc act on the surface of the upper auxiliary contact 44 and the lower auxiliary contact 56, thereby protecting the upper main contact 42 and the rotating contact disk 58, and avoiding the surface of the upper main contact 42 and the rotating contact disk 58 being damaged due to the high temperature and high pressure generated by the arc after multiple opening and closing, resulting in a reduction in the contact area between the upper main contact 42 and the rotating contact disk 58 after closing, which increases the current loss during transmission, thereby improving the practicality of the device.

[0021] See also Figure 3-Figure 5 The insulating rods 45 and the matching grooves 50 are distributed in a circular array. When the upper main contact 42 and the rotating contact disc 58 are combined and contacted, the insulating rods 45 and the matching grooves 50 are matched one by one.

[0022] At the moment of the opening action, the lower auxiliary contact 56 does not extend out of the vertical deep hole 53, and the upper main contact 42 and the rotating contact disk 58 have been separated. At this time, an arc will be generated on the surface of the upper main contact 42 and the rotating contact disk 58, and the high temperature and high pressure will cause the metal to vaporize, resulting in defects on the surface of the upper main contact 42 and the rotating contact disk 58. Since the surfaces of the upper main contact 42 and the rotating contact disk 58 are concave and convex, and the insulating rod 45 and the matching groove 50 correspond one to one when the upper main contact 42 and the rotating contact disk 58 are combined and contacted, the contact area between the upper main contact 42 and the rotating contact disk 58 is increased after closing, which can effectively reduce the impact of the defects on the surface of the upper main contact 42 and the rotating contact disk 58 on the power transmission, thereby improving the reliability of the device.

[0023] See also Figure 6-Figure 9 The guide device 7 includes a guide sleeve 71, a triangular guide groove 72 is formed on the inner wall of the guide sleeve 71 near the bottom, a guide inclined groove 73 is formed on the inner wall of the guide sleeve 71 at the top of the triangular guide groove 72, and a vertical groove 74 is formed on the inner wall of the guide sleeve 71 at the top of the guide inclined groove 73; See also Figure 5-Figure 9 During the movement, the driving block 59 contacts the triangular guide groove 72, the guide inclined groove 73 and the vertical groove 74 and is limited.

[0024] When the opening action is in progress, the driving block 59 enters the interior of the guide bevel 73 through the vertical slot 74, and the rotating contact disc 58 is deflected under the guidance of the guide bevel 73. When the driving block 59 disengages from the guide bevel 73 and enters the interior of the triangular guide slot 72, the rotating contact disc 58 is in a rotating state. After the arc is generated between the upper main contact 42 and the rotating contact disc 58, the rotation of the rotating contact disc 58 causes the arc length to be lengthened, and the starting point and end point of the arc spontaneously move toward the direction close to the insulating rod 45 and the lower auxiliary contact 56, thereby avoiding the arc from acting on the surface of the protrusion 43 and the rotating contact disc 58 for a long time, causing the contact surface of the protrusion 43 and 48 to be damaged by the arc for a long time, thereby improving the reliability of the device.

[0025] After the switch is opened, the driving block 59 will continue to rotate under the action of inertia under the guidance of the guide inclined groove 73. Since the top of the rotating contact plate 58 is uneven, the stability of the metal vapor inside the shielding cover 6 is disturbed, thereby affecting the stability of the arc and achieving the effect of quickly extinguishing the arc.

[0026] Due to the adsorption effect of the coil 81 on metal ions, these metal ions will eventually be scattered on the surface of the rotating contact disk 58 in the form of small-diameter particles. During the opening action, due to the rotation of the rotating contact disk 58, these small-diameter metal particles will be thrown out under the action of centrifugal force, avoiding the problem of uneven top surface of the rotating contact disk 58 causing poor contact with the upper main contact 42 and affecting power transmission, thereby improving the stability of the device during operation.

[0027] See also Figure 10 The electromagnetic device 8 includes a coil 81, an input end of the coil 81 is provided with a power receiving end 82, and an output end of the coil 81 is provided with a power transmitting end 83; See also Figure 4-Figure 5 and Figure 10 The power receiving end 82 passes through the bypass hole 54 and contacts the lower auxiliary contact 56 , and the power transmitting end 83 contacts the movable rod 51 .

[0028] After the circuit breaker is opened and the arc acts on the surface of the upper auxiliary contact 44 and the lower auxiliary contact 56, the receiving end 82 passes through the bypass hole 54 and contacts the lower auxiliary contact 56, and the transmitting end 83 contacts the movable rod 51, so that the current passes through the receiving end 82, the receiving end 82 and the transmitting end 83 and is transmitted to the movable rod 51, so that the receiving end 82 is in a working state and generates a strong magnetic field. Under the action of this magnetic field, ionized metal vapor is attracted and quickly settles, thereby achieving the effect of quickly extinguishing the arc, providing the device with a protective effect on the upper main contact 42 and the rotating contact disk 58.

[0029] See also Figure 3-Figure 9 , the driving block 59 corresponds to the matching groove 50 , and the protrusion 43 is located directly above the vertical groove 74 .

[0030] During the closing process, the driving block 59 will first enter the area of ​​the triangular guide groove 72. With the guidance of the inclined surfaces on both sides of the triangular guide groove 72, the driving block 59 will enter the guide inclined groove 73 and finally enter the interior of the vertical groove 74. Since the vertical groove 74 is in a vertical state, the rotational torque exerted on the rotating contact plate 58 can be eliminated. In addition, the driving block 59 corresponds to the matching groove 50, and the protrusion 43 is located directly above the vertical groove 74, ensuring that the protrusion 43 and the matching groove 50 can maintain a corresponding and matching state during the closing process, avoiding the problem that the upper main contact 42 and the lower main contact 52 cannot close normally, thereby improving the reliability of the device.

[0031] After the closing is completed, the upper auxiliary contact 44 will extend into the interior of the vertical deep hole 53, and the front end of the insulating rod 45 will contact the lower auxiliary contact 56 and push the lower auxiliary contact 56 to retract into the interior of the vertical deep hole 53, so that the upper auxiliary contact 44 and the lower auxiliary contact 56 remain in a disengaged state. This makes the coil 81 in a power-off state after closing, avoiding power loss.

[0032] The method of use of the present invention is as follows: During use, in the opening action, the fixed contact device 4 is separated from the moving contact device 5, and at this time the lower auxiliary contact 56 pops out under the action of the spring force of the spring 57, so that the distance between the upper auxiliary contact 44 and the lower auxiliary contact 56 is smaller than the distance between the upper main contact 42 and the rotating contact disk 58, so that after the opening, the high-voltage arc will be guided to the surface of the upper auxiliary contact 44 and the lower auxiliary contact 56, and finally the high temperature and high pressure generated by the arc will act on the surface of the upper auxiliary contact 44 and the lower auxiliary contact 56, thereby protecting the upper main contact 42 and the rotating contact disk 58. At the moment of the opening action, the lower auxiliary contact 56 has not extended out of the vertical deep hole 53, and the upper main contact 42 and the rotating contact disk 58 have been separated. At this time, the arc will be between the upper main contact 42 and the rotating contact disk The surface of the moving contact disc 58 is produced, and the metal is vaporized due to high temperature and high pressure, resulting in defects on the surface of the upper main contact 42 and the rotating contact disc 58. Since the surfaces of the upper main contact 42 and the rotating contact disc 58 are concave and convex, and the insulating rod 45 and the matching groove 50 correspond one to one when the upper main contact 42 and the rotating contact disc 58 are combined and contacted, this increases the contact area between the upper main contact 42 and the rotating contact disc 58 after closing, and can effectively reduce the influence of the defects on the surface of the upper main contact 42 and the rotating contact disc 58 on the power transmission. When the opening action is in progress, the driving block 59 enters the interior of the guide bevel 73 through the vertical slot 74. Under the guiding action of the guide bevel 73, the rotating contact disc 58 deflects. When the driving block 59 breaks away from the guide bevel 73 and enters the triangular guide The inside of the groove 72 makes the rotating contact disc 58 in a rotating state. After the arc is generated between the upper main contact 42 and the rotating contact disc 58, the rotation of the rotating contact disc 58 causes the arc length to be lengthened, and the starting point and end point of the arc spontaneously move toward the insulating rod 45 and the lower auxiliary contact 56. After the tripping, the driving block 59 will continue to rotate under the action of inertia under the guidance of the guide inclined groove 73. Since the top of the rotating contact disc 58 is in an uneven state, the stability of the metal vapor inside the shielding cover 6 is disturbed, thereby affecting the stability of the arc. After the tripping and the arc acts on the surfaces of the upper auxiliary contact 44 and the lower auxiliary contact 56, it passes through the bypass hole 54 through the receiving end 82 and contacts the lower auxiliary contact 56, and the transmission end 83 contacts the moving rod 51 are in contact, so that the current passes through the receiving end 82, the receiving end 82 and the transmission end 83 and is transmitted to the movable rod 51, so that the receiving end 82 is in a working state and a strong magnetic field is generated. Under the action of the magnetic field, the ionized metal vapor is attracted and quickly settles, thereby achieving the effect of quickly extinguishing the arc. Due to the adsorption effect of the coil 81 on the metal ions, these metal ions will eventually be scattered on the surface of the rotating contact disk 58 in the form of small-diameter particles. During the opening action, due to the rotation of the rotating contact disk 58, these small-diameter metal particles will be thrown out under the action of centrifugal force. In the process of closing the switch, the driving block 59 will first enter the area of ​​the triangular guide groove 72. With the guidance of the inclined surfaces on both sides of the triangular guide groove 72,The drive block 59 enters the guide inclined slot 73 and eventually enters the interior of the vertical slot 74. Since the vertical slot 74 is in a vertical state, the rotational torque on the rotating contact plate 58 can be eliminated. In addition, the drive block 59 corresponds to the matching slot 50, and the protrusion 43 is located directly above the vertical slot 74, ensuring that the protrusion 43 and the matching slot 50 can maintain a corresponding and matching state during the closing process. After the closing is completed, the upper auxiliary contact 44 will extend into the interior of the vertical deep hole 53, and the front end of the insulating rod 45 will contact the lower auxiliary contact 56 and push the lower auxiliary contact 56 back into the interior of the vertical deep hole 53, thereby keeping the upper auxiliary contact 44 and the lower auxiliary contact 56 separated. This makes the coil 81 in a de-energized state after closing.

Claims

1. A vacuum circuit breaker, characterized in that: The invention comprises a ceramic shell (1), wherein an upper closing seat (2) and a lower closing seat (3) are respectively provided at positions near the top and the bottom of the inner wall of the ceramic shell (1), a fixed contact device (4) is provided on the top fixed sleeve of the upper closing seat (2), and a movable contact device (5) is movably installed on the bottom of the lower closing seat (3), a shielding cover (6) is provided at a position near the middle of the inner wall of the ceramic shell (1), a guide device (7) is provided on the inner wall of the shielding cover (6), and an electromagnetic device (8) is provided on the top of the lower closing seat (3).

2. A vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed contact device (4) comprises a fixed rod (41) and an upper main contact (42); a protrusion (43) is provided at the bottom of the upper main contact (42); an upper auxiliary contact (44) is provided at the bottom of the protrusion (43); and an insulating rod (45) is provided at a position outside the protrusion (43) at the bottom of the upper main contact (42).

3. A vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 2, characterized in that: The movable contact device (5) comprises a movable rod (51) and a lower main contact (52), a vertical deep hole (53) is provided at the top of the movable rod (51), the vertical deep hole (53) extends to the interior of the lower main contact (52), a bypass hole (54) is provided on the inner wall of the vertical deep hole (53), the surfaces of the vertical deep hole (53) and the bypass hole (54) are both covered with an insulating lining (55), a lower auxiliary contact (56) is movably installed inside the vertical deep hole (53), a spring (57) is provided at the bottom of the lower auxiliary contact (56), a rotating contact disc (58) is movably sleeved on the top of the movable rod (51) at a position outside the vertical deep hole (53), a driving block (59) is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the rotating contact disc (58), and a matching groove (50) is provided on the top of the rotating contact disc (58).

4. A vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 3, characterized in that: The insulating rods (45) and the matching slots (50) are distributed in a ring array, and when the upper main contact (42) and the rotating contact disc (58) are combined and contacted, the insulating rods (45) and the matching slots (50) are matched one by one.

5. A vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 3, characterized in that: The guide device (7) comprises a guide sleeve (71), a triangular guide groove (72) is provided on the inner wall of the guide sleeve (71) near the bottom, a guide inclined groove (73) is provided on the inner wall of the guide sleeve (71) at the top of the triangular guide groove (72), and a vertical groove (74) is provided on the inner wall of the guide sleeve (71) at the top of the guide inclined groove (73); The driving block (59) contacts the triangular guide groove (72), the guide inclined groove (73) and the vertical groove (74) during the movement and is limited.

6. A vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 5, characterized in that: The electromagnetic device (8) comprises a coil (81), an input end of the coil (81) is provided with a power receiving end (82), and an output end of the coil (81) is provided with a power transmitting end (83); The power receiving end (82) passes through the bypass hole (54) and contacts the lower auxiliary contact (56), and the power transmitting end (83) contacts the movable rod (51).

7. A vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 5, characterized in that: The driving block (59) corresponds to the matching groove (50), and the protrusion (43) is located directly above the vertical groove (74).

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