Hydrothermal management control method and device for multi-module fuel cell power generation system

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydrothermal management control method and device for a multi-module fuel cell power generation system, the multi-module fuel cell power generation system comprises a plurality of fuel cell modules connected in series or in parallel, and each fuel cell module is provided with a corresponding heat exchanger; the hydrothermal management control method comprises inner circulation control and outer circulation control which have a synergistic effect. The internal circulation control comprises the following steps: arranging a thermostat on the internal circulation side of each heat exchanger, and controlling the flow of hot side water flowing through the heat exchanger by adjusting the opening degree of the thermostat, so as to control the temperature of the fuel cell module; the outer circulation control comprises the steps that a flow adjusting valve is arranged on the outer circulation side of each heat exchanger, and the multiple flow adjusting valves are connected with an outer circulation water pump; by adjusting the opening degree of the flow adjusting valve, the temperature of the mixed external circulating liquid reaches the target temperature; the opening degree of the thermostat is within a preset working range by adjusting the rotating speed of the outer circulating water pump. According to the invention, cooperative control of internal and external water heat management can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of fuel cell technology, and in particular to a hydrothermal management control method and device for a multi-module fuel cell power generation system. Background Art

[0002] Fuel cells, as efficient and clean energy conversion devices, have garnered widespread attention in recent years. Multi-module fuel cell power generation systems, by connecting multiple fuel cell modules in series or parallel, can improve system power and reliability to meet the needs of various application scenarios. However, practical applications of multi-module fuel cell power generation systems still face several challenges, among which hydrothermal management and waste heat utilization are key issues.

[0003] Existing methods for managing heat and water in multi-module fuel cell systems can lead to differences in the operating conditions and environmental conditions of each module, resulting in uneven heat and water distribution, which impacts the performance and lifespan of the fuel cell system. Furthermore, traditional centralized heat and water management methods struggle to meet the individual needs of each module, making them prone to localized overheating or flooding.

[0004] Fuel cell systems generate a significant amount of waste heat during power generation. Traditional systems typically use a simple direct heat dissipation approach, resulting in energy waste, low waste heat utilization, and reduced overall system efficiency. Furthermore, existing technologies often design hydrothermal management and control systems and waste heat utilization systems independently, lacking overall optimization and resulting in low system integration, complex structure, and high costs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the problems of complex existing hydrothermal management control, low waste heat utilization rate and low system integration, the present invention proposes a hydrothermal management control method and device for a multi-module fuel cell power generation system. Through a control method in which internal and external circulation temperature regulation are carried out simultaneously, the coordinated control of internal and external hydrothermal management of the multi-module fuel cell power generation system is realized, thereby improving the fuel cell power generation efficiency and obtaining a higher waste heat utilization rate.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A method for controlling water and heat management in a multi-module fuel cell power generation system, the method comprising a plurality of fuel cell modules connected in series or in parallel, each fuel cell module being provided with a corresponding heat exchanger, the method comprising synergistic internal and external circulation control.

[0008] The internal circulation control includes: setting a thermostat on the internal circulation side of each heat exchanger, and controlling the flow of water on the hot side of the heat exchanger by adjusting the opening of the thermostat, thereby controlling the temperature of the fuel cell module;

[0009] The external circulation control includes: setting a flow regulating valve on the external circulation side of each heat exchanger, and multiple flow regulating valves are connected to an external circulation water pump; by adjusting the opening of the flow regulating valve, the temperature of the mixed external circulation liquid reaches the target temperature; by adjusting the speed of the external circulation water pump, the opening of the thermostat and the flow regulating valve are both within the preset working range.

[0010] Furthermore, before the inner loop control and the outer loop control, signal detection is also included:

[0011] The temperature sensors at the cooling water inlet and outlet of the fuel cell module are used to detect the liquid inlet temperature and liquid outlet temperature of the fuel cell module.

[0012] The temperature of the external circulation liquid outlet and the temperature of the mixed external circulation liquid outlet are detected by temperature sensors installed on the external circulation water outlet side and the user side of the heat exchanger.

[0013] Furthermore, after the inner loop control and the outer loop control, the process further includes signal transmission:

[0014] The thermostat opening, flow control valve opening and external circulation water pump speed required for internal and external circulation control are used as control instructions and sent to corresponding components through CAN communication.

[0015] Furthermore, after the internal circulation control and the external circulation control, the waste heat utilization is also included:

[0016] The waste heat generated by each fuel cell module is transferred to the heat medium, i.e. the external circulating water, through a heat exchanger; and the heat medium is transferred to the heating end, i.e. the user side, through pipes and valves.

[0017] A hydrothermal management control device for a multi-module fuel cell power generation system, the multi-module fuel cell power generation system comprising a plurality of fuel cell modules connected in series or in parallel, each fuel cell module being provided with a corresponding heat exchanger, the hydrothermal management control device comprising an inner circulation control unit and an outer circulation control unit acting in concert;

[0018] The internal circulation control unit includes a thermostat provided on the internal circulation side of each heat exchanger, and controls the flow of water on the hot side of the heat exchanger by adjusting the opening of the thermostat, thereby controlling the temperature of the fuel cell module;

[0019] The external circulation control unit includes a flow regulating valve arranged on the external circulation side of each heat exchanger, and an external circulation water pump connected to multiple flow regulating valves; the external circulation control unit adjusts the opening of the flow regulating valve so that the temperature of the mixed external circulation liquid reaches the target temperature; and adjusts the speed of the external circulation water pump so that the thermostat opening is within a preset working range.

[0020] Furthermore, in the internal circulation control unit, the inlet of the thermostat is connected to the cooling water outlet of the fuel cell module, the first outlet is connected to the cooling water inlet of the fuel cell module, the second outlet is connected to the internal circulation water inlet side of the heat exchanger, and the internal circulation water outlet side of the heat exchanger and the first outlet of the thermostat are jointly connected to the cooling water inlet of the fuel cell module.

[0021] Furthermore, the internal circulation control unit further comprises an internal circulation water pump, the inlet of the internal circulation water pump is connected to the cooling water outlet of the fuel cell module, and the outlet of the internal circulation water pump is connected to the inlet of the thermostat.

[0022] Furthermore, in the external circulation control unit, a flow regulating valve is arranged at the front end of the external circulation water inlet side of the heat exchanger, the external circulation water pump inlet is connected to the external cold source, the external circulation water pump outlet is connected to the external circulation water inlet side of the heat exchanger, and the external circulation water outlet side of the heat exchanger is connected to the user side.

[0023] Furthermore, the hydrothermal management control device further includes a signal detection unit, and the signal detection unit includes:

[0024] A first temperature sensor is provided at the cooling water inlet of the fuel cell module and is used to detect the liquid inlet temperature of the fuel cell module;

[0025] A second temperature sensor is provided at the cooling water outlet of the fuel cell module and is used to detect the outlet temperature of the liquid of the fuel cell module;

[0026] The third temperature sensor is provided at the outlet side of the external circulation of the heat exchanger and is used to detect the outlet temperature of the external circulation liquid;

[0027] The fourth temperature sensor is arranged on the user side of the external circulation and is used to detect the temperature of the external circulation liquid after mixing.

[0028] Furthermore, the water thermal management control device also includes a signal sending unit, which is configured to use the thermostat opening, flow control valve opening and external circulation water pump speed required for internal circulation control and external circulation control as control instructions, and send them to corresponding components through CAN communication.

[0029] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0030] 1. For a multi-module fuel cell power generation system, the present invention uses a heat exchanger to dissipate heat for each fuel cell module. A thermostat is installed on the internal circulation side of the heat exchanger, and a flow control valve is installed on the external circulation side of the heat exchanger. The hydrothermal management module is integrated with the waste heat utilization system. By simultaneously regulating the internal and external circulation temperatures, the fuel cell modules operate within an appropriate temperature range while meeting user-side heating needs. This improves the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell modules and achieves higher waste heat utilization.

[0031] 2. Compared to existing fuel cell power generation systems where the hydrothermal management module and waste heat system are designed separately, the present invention integrates the hydrothermal management module and waste heat system. This eliminates the situation where the fuel cell module only meets the internal operating temperature but fails to meet the user's heat supply, or only meets the user's heat supply but the fuel cell module is in abnormal operating conditions for a long time, thereby improving the power generation efficiency and lifespan of the fuel cell. The integrated design of the hydrothermal management module and waste heat system in the present invention has a high degree of system integration, a relatively simple system structure, and effectively reduces costs.

[0032] 3. The present invention utilizes the waste heat generated by the multi-module fuel cell power generation system for heating, thereby achieving cascade utilization of energy, improving energy utilization efficiency, and having significant economic and social benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the internal circulation control unit of the hydrothermal management control device of Example 1 of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the external circulation control unit of the hydrothermal management control device of Example 1 of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the hydrothermal management control device according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0036] Figure markings: 1-flow regulating valve, 2-heat exchanger, 3-internal circulation water pump, 4-thermostat, 5-external circulation water pump; T1-first temperature sensor, T2-second temperature sensor, T3-third temperature sensor, T4-fourth temperature sensor; FC-fuel cell stack, CHP-fuel cell module, User-user side. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purposes and effects of the present invention, the specific embodiments of the present invention are now described. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. That is, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] This embodiment provides a hydrothermal management control method for a multi-module fuel cell power generation system, wherein the multi-module fuel cell power generation system includes a plurality of fuel cell modules connected in series or in parallel, and each fuel cell module is provided with a corresponding heat exchanger.

[0040] Specifically, the hydrothermal management control method of this embodiment includes synergistic inner loop control and outer loop control, wherein:

[0041] Internal circulation control (internal regulation of the fuel cell module): A thermostat is set on the internal circulation side of each heat exchanger. By adjusting the thermostat opening, the hot-side water flow through the heat exchanger is controlled, thereby regulating the heat dissipation of the fuel cell module stack outlet water and achieving precise control of the fuel cell module stack liquid inlet temperature;

[0042] External circulation control (fuel cell power generation system hierarchical regulation): A flow control valve is set on the external circulation side of each heat exchanger, and multiple flow control valves are connected to an external circulation water pump; by adjusting the opening of the flow control valve, the temperature of the external circulation liquid after mixing reaches the target temperature; by adjusting the speed of the external circulation water pump, the thermostat opening is within the preset working range.

[0043] Preferably, in the internal loop control, the thermostat control opening is calculated by comparing the actual stack liquid inlet temperature with the target temperature using a PID control algorithm.

[0044] Preferably, in the external circulation control, by comparing the actual temperature of the mixed external circulation water with the target temperature on the user side, a proportional integral control algorithm is used to calculate the flow control valve control opening. At the same time, by adjusting the speed of the external circulation water pump in a timely manner, the opening of each thermostat and flow control valve is placed in the preset working range.

[0045] Preferably, signal detection is further included before the inner loop control and the outer loop control:

[0046] The temperature sensors at the cooling water inlet and outlet of the fuel cell module are used to detect the liquid inlet temperature and liquid outlet temperature of the fuel cell module.

[0047] The temperature of the external circulation liquid outlet and the temperature of the mixed external circulation liquid outlet are detected by temperature sensors installed on the external circulation water outlet side and the user side of the heat exchanger.

[0048] Preferably, after the inner loop control and the outer loop control, the process further includes signal transmission:

[0049] The thermostat opening, flow control valve opening and external circulation water pump speed required for internal and external circulation control are used as control instructions and sent to corresponding components through CAN communication.

[0050] Preferably, after the internal circulation control and the external circulation control, waste heat utilization is also included:

[0051] The waste heat generated by each fuel cell module is transferred to the heat medium, i.e. the external circulating water, through a heat exchanger; and the heat medium is transferred to the heating end, i.e. the user side, through pipes and valves, etc., so that the waste heat can be used for building heating, domestic hot water supply and other scenarios.

[0052] Accordingly, this embodiment also provides a hydrothermal management control device for a multi-module fuel cell power generation system, comprising an inner circulation control unit and an outer circulation control unit that act in coordination;

[0053] The internal circulation control unit includes a thermostat provided on the internal circulation side of each heat exchanger, which controls the flow of water on the hot side of the heat exchanger by adjusting the opening of the thermostat, thereby controlling the temperature of the fuel cell module stack;

[0054] The external circulation control unit includes a flow regulating valve arranged on the external circulation side of each heat exchanger, and an external circulation water pump connected to multiple flow regulating valves; the external circulation control unit adjusts the opening of the flow regulating valve so that the temperature of the mixed external circulation liquid reaches the target temperature; and adjusts the speed of the external circulation water pump so that the thermostat opening is in the preset working range.

[0055] like Figure 1 As shown, in the internal circulation control unit, the thermostat inlet is connected to the fuel cell module cooling water outlet, the first outlet is connected to the fuel cell module cooling water inlet, and the second outlet is connected to the internal circulation water inlet side of the heat exchanger. The internal circulation water outlet side of the heat exchanger and the first outlet of the thermostat are jointly connected to the fuel cell module cooling water inlet. The internal circulation control unit also includes an internal circulation water pump, the internal circulation water pump inlet is connected to the fuel cell module cooling water outlet, and the internal circulation water pump outlet is connected to the thermostat inlet.

[0056] Preferably, to ensure that the stack and its components operate within an appropriate operating range, the thermostat opening adjustment range during operation needs to be limited. For example, if 0°-100° corresponds to the thermostat's full small cycle to full large cycle, then the thermostat opening should be maintained at 85°-100° during operation. A full small cycle of the thermostat means that the water outlet from the stack circulates only through the thermostat to the stack inlet, without passing through the heat exchanger circuit; a full large cycle of the thermostat means that the water outlet from the stack circulates only through the heat exchanger to the stack inlet, without passing through the thermostat circuit.

[0057] like Figure 2 As shown, in the external circulation control unit, the flow regulating valve is arranged at the front end of the external circulation water inlet side of the heat exchanger, the external circulation water pump inlet is connected to the external cold source, the external circulation water pump outlet is connected to the external circulation water inlet side of the heat exchanger, and the external circulation water outlet side of the heat exchanger is connected to the user side.

[0058] This embodiment controls the outlet temperature of the fuel cell module's external circulating water, as well as the temperature of the mixed water from each module, by adjusting the flow control valve opening and the external circulating water pump speed. To ensure the external circulating water flow rate and pressure, a fixed lower opening limit, such as 40°, is set for the flow control valve during operation.

[0059] Preferably, the hydrothermal management control device of this embodiment further includes a signal detection unit, which includes:

[0060] A first temperature sensor is provided at the cooling water inlet of the fuel cell module and is used to detect the liquid inlet temperature of the fuel cell module;

[0061] A second temperature sensor is provided at the cooling water outlet of the fuel cell module and is used to detect the outlet temperature of the liquid of the fuel cell module;

[0062] The third temperature sensor is provided at the outlet side of the external circulation of the heat exchanger and is used to detect the outlet temperature of the external circulation liquid;

[0063] The fourth temperature sensor is arranged on the user side of the external circulation and is used to detect the temperature of the external circulation liquid after mixing.

[0064] like Figure 3 As shown, the water thermal management control device of this embodiment also includes a signal sending unit, which is configured to use the thermostat opening, flow control valve opening and external circulation water pump speed required for internal circulation control and external circulation control as control instructions, and send them to corresponding components through CAN communication.

[0065] In summary, the hydrothermal management control method and device of this embodiment have the following features:

[0066] 1. Through the control method of synchronously regulating the internal and external circulation temperature, the internal and external water and heat management of the multi-module fuel cell power generation system is coordinated and controlled, which improves the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell while achieving higher waste heat utilization rate.

[0067] 2. External circulation flow control valve + external circulation water pump temperature control method: By comparing the actual external circulation water outlet mixed temperature with the user-side target temperature, a proportional integral control algorithm is used to obtain the flow control valve control opening corresponding to the fuel cell module with the lowest external circulation water outlet temperature. At the same time, by timely adjusting the external circulation water pump speed, the internal thermostat of each fuel cell module and the opening of the external circulation flow control valve are both in the appropriate working range. The flow control valve here can adopt various valves that can control the flow, such as two-way valves and three-way valves.

[0068] 3. The fuel cell power generation system can be expanded according to the cascade of fuel cell modules, and each fuel cell module can operate under different working conditions; it can ensure that when the heat demand on the user side changes, the normal operation of each fuel cell module is not affected.

[0069] Example 2

[0070] This embodiment is based on embodiment 1:

[0071] This embodiment provides a hydrothermal management control method for a multi-module fuel cell power generation system, comprising the following steps:

[0072] Step 1: The fuel cell power generation system starts running and sets the user-side target temperature, i.e. the target temperature value of the external circulating liquid after mixing, such as 65°C;

[0073] Step 2: Calculate the preset opening of the flow control valve of each fuel cell module and the initial speed of the external circulation water pump under the corresponding conditions based on the current fuel cell power generation system dispatch power. For example, when the fuel cell power generation system dispatches 500kW power, it is necessary to start 5 fuel cell modules and run them at 100kW respectively. The flow control valves of these 5 fuel cell modules are opened to 80 degrees, and the speed of the external circulation water pump is set to 2500rpm.

[0074] Step 3: Determine the stack liquid inlet temperature T through the liquid inlet temperature sensor of each fuel cell module in , assuming the target liquid inlet temperature is T tgt , calculation error ε=T in -T tgt ;

[0075] Step 4: Determine whether |ε| is greater than 0.5. If |ε|≤0.5, maintain the current thermostat opening and jump to Step 9. If |ε|>0.5, execute Step 5.

[0076] Step 5: Determine the thermostat opening Pos at this time Tml Is it at (85°, 100°), if Pos Tml If it is within the suitable operating opening range and not at the boundary point, jump to Step 7 to calculate the thermostat opening control amount; otherwise, jump to Step 6.

[0077] Step 6: Determine if Pos Tml The opening is at the upper limit of 100°, and the stack liquid inlet temperature is greater than the target temperature, increase the flow control valve opening; if Pos Tml If the flow control valve is already at the lower limit of 85° and the stack liquid inlet temperature is lower than the target temperature, reduce the flow control valve opening; otherwise, jump to Step 7.

[0078] Step 7: Use PID control algorithm to calculate the thermostat opening u:

[0079]

[0080] Among them, K p is the proportional coefficient, T i is the integration time constant, T d is the differential time constant.

[0081] Step 8: Repeat steps 4 to 7.

[0082] Step 9: Determine the error between the temperature of the mixed water from the external circulation and the target temperature |ε out |Is it greater than 2? If |ε out |≤2, maintain the current flow control valve opening and pump speed, and jump to Step 14. If |ε out |>2, then execute Step 10;

[0083] Step 10: When the temperature of the external circulating water after mixing is higher than the target temperature on the user side, the speed of the external circulating water pump is increased. When the temperature of the external circulating water after mixing is lower than the target temperature on the user side, the process jumps to Step 11.

[0084] Step 11: Detect the outlet temperature of the external circulating water of each operating fuel cell module, and obtain the fuel cell module with the lowest outlet temperature of the external circulating water;

[0085] Step 12: Use the proportional-integral control algorithm to calculate the flow control valve opening c corresponding to the fuel cell module with the lowest external circulation water outlet temperature:

[0086]

[0087] Among them, k p is the proportional coefficient, T i ' is the integration time constant;

[0088] Step 13: Determine whether the flow control valve opening calculated in Step 12 has reached the lower limit of 40°. If c<40°, reduce the speed of the external circulation water pump; otherwise, maintain the speed of the external circulation water pump.

[0089] Step 14: Repeat step 4 to step 13 until the fuel cell power generation system is shut down.

[0090] It should be noted that, for the aforementioned method embodiments, for ease of description, they are expressed as a series of action combinations, but those skilled in the art should be aware that this application is not limited to the order of the actions described, because according to this application, certain steps can be performed in other orders or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should also be aware that the embodiments described in the specification are all preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily required by this application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish descriptions and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

Claims

1. A method for controlling water and heat management of a multi-module fuel cell power generation system, wherein the multi-module fuel cell power generation system comprises a plurality of fuel cell modules connected in series or in parallel, each fuel cell module being provided with a corresponding heat exchanger, characterized in that: The hydrothermal management control method includes synergistic internal circulation control and external circulation control; The internal circulation control includes: setting a thermostat on the internal circulation side of each heat exchanger, and controlling the flow of water on the hot side of the heat exchanger by adjusting the opening of the thermostat, thereby controlling the temperature of the fuel cell module; The external circulation control includes: setting a flow regulating valve on the external circulation side of each heat exchanger, and multiple flow regulating valves are connected to an external circulation water pump; by adjusting the opening of the flow regulating valve, the temperature of the mixed external circulation liquid reaches the target temperature; by adjusting the speed of the external circulation water pump, the opening of the thermostat and the flow regulating valve are both within the preset working range.

2. The method for controlling water and heat management of a multi-module fuel cell power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before the inner loop control and the outer loop control, signal detection is also included: The temperature sensors at the cooling water inlet and outlet of the fuel cell module are used to detect the liquid inlet temperature and liquid outlet temperature of the fuel cell module. The temperature of the external circulation liquid outlet and the temperature of the mixed external circulation liquid outlet are detected by temperature sensors installed on the external circulation water outlet side and the user side of the heat exchanger.

3. The hydrothermal management control method for a multi-module fuel cell power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the inner loop control and the outer loop control, the following signal transmission is also included: The thermostat opening, flow control valve opening and external circulation water pump speed required for internal and external circulation control are used as control instructions and sent to corresponding components through CAN communication.

4. The method for controlling water and heat management of a multi-module fuel cell power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the internal and external circulation control, the waste heat utilization is also included: The waste heat generated by each fuel cell module is transferred to the heat medium, i.e. the external circulating water, through a heat exchanger; and the heat medium is transferred to the heating end, i.e. the user side, through pipes and valves.

5. A hydrothermal management control device for a multi-module fuel cell power generation system, wherein the multi-module fuel cell power generation system comprises a plurality of fuel cell modules connected in series or in parallel, each fuel cell module being provided with a corresponding heat exchanger, characterized in that: The hydrothermal management control device includes an inner circulation control unit and an outer circulation control unit that work in synergy: The internal circulation control unit includes a thermostat provided on the internal circulation side of each heat exchanger, and controls the flow of water on the hot side of the heat exchanger by adjusting the opening of the thermostat, thereby controlling the temperature of the fuel cell module; The external circulation control unit includes a flow regulating valve arranged on the external circulation side of each heat exchanger, and an external circulation water pump connected to multiple flow regulating valves; the external circulation control unit adjusts the opening of the flow regulating valve so that the temperature of the mixed external circulation liquid reaches the target temperature; and adjusts the speed of the external circulation water pump so that the opening of the thermostat and the flow regulating valve are both within the preset working range.

6. The hydrothermal management control device for a multi-module fuel cell power generation system according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the internal circulation control unit, the inlet of the thermostat is connected to the cooling water outlet of the fuel cell module, the first outlet is connected to the cooling water inlet of the fuel cell module, the second outlet is connected to the internal circulation water inlet side of the heat exchanger, and the internal circulation water outlet side of the heat exchanger and the first outlet of the thermostat are jointly connected to the cooling water inlet of the fuel cell module.

7. The hydrothermal management control device for a multi-module fuel cell power generation system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The internal circulation control unit further includes an internal circulation water pump, the inlet of the internal circulation water pump is connected to the cooling water outlet of the fuel cell module, and the outlet of the internal circulation water pump is connected to the inlet of the thermostat.

8. The hydrothermal management control device for a multi-module fuel cell power generation system according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the external circulation control unit, the flow regulating valve is arranged at the front end of the external circulation water inlet side of the heat exchanger, the external circulation water pump inlet is connected to the external cold source, the external circulation water pump outlet is connected to the external circulation water inlet side of the heat exchanger, and the external circulation water outlet side of the heat exchanger is connected to the user side.

9. The hydrothermal management control device for a multi-module fuel cell power generation system according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a signal detection unit, the signal detection unit including: A first temperature sensor is provided at the cooling water inlet of the fuel cell module and is used to detect the liquid inlet temperature of the fuel cell module; A second temperature sensor is provided at the cooling water outlet of the fuel cell module and is used to detect the outlet temperature of the liquid of the fuel cell module; The third temperature sensor is provided at the outlet side of the external circulation of the heat exchanger and is used to detect the outlet temperature of the external circulation liquid; The fourth temperature sensor is arranged on the user side of the external circulation and is used to detect the temperature of the external circulation liquid after mixing.

10. The hydrothermal management control device for a multi-module fuel cell power generation system according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a signal sending unit, which is configured to use the thermostat opening, flow control valve opening and external circulation water pump speed required for internal circulation control and external circulation control as control instructions, and send them to corresponding components through CAN communication.

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