Fuel cell stack structure and vehicle with same

Abstract

The invention provides a fuel cell stack structure and a vehicle with the same, and relates to the technical field of fuel cells. The fuel cell stack structure comprises an end plate assembly, the end plate assembly comprises a first pressing plate, a second pressing plate and a bottom plate, the bottom plate is arranged on the first side of a reactor core, the first pressing plate and the second pressing plate are both arranged on the second side of the reactor core, the first pressing plate is arranged close to the reactor core, the second pressing plate is arranged away from the reactor core, and the second pressing plate is connected with the bottom plate; a through operation hole is formed in the second pressing plate; the adjusting assembly at least comprises an elastic piece and an operating piece, the first end of the elastic piece is connected with the first pressing plate, the second end of the elastic piece is connected with the operating piece, projection is carried out in the axial direction of the operating hole, and at least part of the operating hole and the operating piece are arranged in an overlapped mode; and the locking assembly is movably connected with the second pressing plate, and the locking assembly is provided with a locking end. According to the scheme, the problem that the galvanic pile packaging force cannot be adjusted or maintained in the prior art is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of fuel cell technology, and in particular to a fuel cell stack structure and a vehicle having the same. Background Art

[0002] During the actual production and assembly process of fuel cell stacks, dimensional tolerances of samples and assembly errors can lead to dimensional deviations between finished products. When the stack is integrated into the packaging shell, relevant space needs to be reserved, which reduces the integration of the stack. Internal components of the stack, such as proton exchange membranes, carbon paper, and seals, will shrink and expand in size under different temperature and humidity conditions, and due to the characteristics of the materials themselves, they will undergo permanent compression deformation, etc. This will cause the stack size to change further, thereby affecting the stack performance. The performance of the stack is strongly correlated with the packaging force of the stack. In order to ensure the optimal working performance of the stack, it is necessary to maintain the stability of the stack packaging force and adapt to changes in the size of the stack components. At the same time, as the use scenarios of fuel cell vehicles continue to expand, power requirements continue to increase, and the corresponding stack single cell area and stack length continue to increase. All of the above increase the difficulty of integrating the stack into the entire vehicle.

[0003] In the existing technology, there are solutions for assembling the battery stack by cooperating with a threaded structure and a stepped hole, and there are also solutions for connecting the battery stack to the shell through a threaded structure, but it is impossible to maintain and adjust the battery stack packaging force within a cycle.

[0004] Currently, no effective solutions have been proposed for the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell stack structure and a vehicle having the same, so as to solve the problem in the prior art that the stack packaging force cannot be adjusted or maintained.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, according to one aspect of the present invention, a fuel cell stack structure is provided, including: an end plate assembly, the end plate assembly includes a first pressure plate, a second pressure plate and a bottom plate, the bottom plate is arranged on a first side of the core, the first pressure plate and the second pressure plate are both arranged on the second side of the core, the first pressure plate is arranged close to the core, and the second pressure plate is arranged away from the core, wherein the second pressure plate is connected to the bottom plate, and an operating hole is provided on the second pressure plate; an adjustment assembly, the adjustment assembly includes at least an elastic member and an operating member, a first end of the elastic member is connected to the first pressure plate, and a second end of the elastic member is connected to the operating member, and is projected along the axial direction of the operating hole, and at least part of the operating hole and the operating member are arranged to coincide with each other, so that at least part of the operating member is exposed to the side of the second pressure plate away from the first pressure plate through the operating hole; a locking assembly, the locking assembly is movably connected to the second pressure plate, and the locking assembly has a locking end, and when the locking end contacts the operating member, the locking assembly locks the operating member to keep the elastic member in its current state.

[0007] Furthermore, a plurality of operating holes are provided on the second pressing plate, and there are a plurality of adjusting components, and the plurality of adjusting components are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of operating holes.

[0008] Furthermore, there are multiple locking assemblies, and the multiple locking assemblies are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the multiple adjustment assemblies.

[0009] Furthermore, the locking assembly is movably arranged along the extension direction of the elastic member.

[0010] Furthermore, the operating member includes: an operating body, which is connected to the second end of the elastic member; an operating protrusion, which is protruding from the end of the operating body away from the elastic member and projected along the axial direction of the operating hole. The projection of the operating hole covers the projection setting of the operating protrusion, so that the operating protrusion is exposed to the side of the second pressure plate away from the first pressure plate through the operating hole; wherein, when the locking assembly contacts the operating body, the locking assembly locks the operating member so that the elastic member maintains the current state.

[0011] Furthermore, part of the locking assembly is located in the operating hole, and another part of the locking assembly extends to the side where the operating body is located and contacts the operating body, wherein the locking assembly is connected to the second pressure plate and is movably arranged along the axial direction of the operating hole to adjust the length of the locking assembly extending to the side where the operating body is located.

[0012] Furthermore, the locking assembly is an annular structural member, and the operating protrusion is exposed to a side of the second pressing plate away from the first pressing plate through an inner hole of the annular structural member.

[0013] Furthermore, a limiting protrusion is provided on the end surface of the operating member close to the first pressure plate. The limiting protrusion is extended along the circumference of the operating member. Along the radial direction of the operating member, a gap is provided between the limiting protrusion and the elastic member.

[0014] Furthermore, the first pressure plate includes a pressure plate body and a guide member arranged on the pressure plate body, the elastic member is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the guide member and is connected to the pressure plate body, the operating member has a guide structure, at least part of the guide member extends into the guide structure, and the operating member is movably arranged relative to the guide member along the extension direction of the elastic member.

[0015] According to another aspect of the present invention, a vehicle is provided. The vehicle has a fuel cell stack structure, and the fuel cell stack structure is the above-mentioned fuel cell stack structure.

[0016] By applying the technical solution of the present invention, the second pressure plate, the base plate and the core are relatively fixed, and an operating hole is opened on the second pressure plate, and the operating part of the adjustment assembly is set in the operating hole. By operating the operating part through the operating hole, the relative distance between the first pressure plate and the second pressure plate can be adjusted, and the first pressure plate is in contact with the core through the elastic part, so that the packaging force of the first pressure plate on the core can be adjusted through the operating part. After the packaging force of the core is adjusted, the locking end is operated to make the locking assembly contact with the operating part, so that the operating part can be locked, so that the elastic part is maintained in the current state, that is, the current packaging force is locked, so that the fuel cell stack structure maintains the current packaging force on the core. At the same time, during the life cycle of the core, when the fuel cell stack expands, the expansion force of the fuel cell stack can squeeze the first pressure plate, and the first pressure plate can then squeeze the elastic part to store the expansion force of the core. The elastic part can then be released by adjusting the locking end of the locking assembly to adjust the packaging force of the end plate assembly to the target packaging force. The stability and adjustability of the packaging force can be guaranteed throughout the life cycle of the fuel cell stack, adapting to the working requirements of the fuel cell stack under different working conditions. At the same time, the compact structure can greatly improve the stability of the fuel cell stack mass production process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which constitute part of this application, are intended to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are intended to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of a battery stack structure according to the present invention is shown;

[0019] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of a battery stack structure according to the present invention is shown;

[0020] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of a battery stack structure according to the present invention is shown;

[0021] Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of a fourth embodiment of a battery stack structure according to the present invention is shown;

[0022] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of a fifth embodiment of a battery stack structure according to the present invention is shown;

[0023] Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of a sixth embodiment of a battery stack structure according to the present invention is shown;

[0024] Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a base plate according to the present invention is shown.

[0025] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0026] 10. End plate assembly;

[0027] 11. First pressing plate;

[0028] 12. Second pressing plate;

[0029] 120, operation hole;

[0030] 13. Guide parts;

[0031] 20. Adjustment components;

[0032] 21. Elastic parts;

[0033] 22. Locking assembly;

[0034] 221, locking end;

[0035] 23. Operating parts;

[0036] 230, guide structure;

[0037] 231. Operation body;

[0038] 232, operating protrusion;

[0039] 233, limiting protrusion;

[0040] 30. Bottom plate;

[0041] 40. Stack casing;

[0042] 50. End cap. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments in this application can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0044] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0045] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the terms used in this way are interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can, for example, be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0046] Now, exemplary embodiments according to the present application will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, these exemplary embodiments can be implemented in a variety of different forms and should not be interpreted as being limited to the embodiments described herein. It should be understood that these embodiments are provided to make the disclosure of this application thorough and complete, and to fully convey the concepts of these exemplary embodiments to those of ordinary skill in the art. In the accompanying drawings, for the sake of clarity, the thickness of layers and regions may be exaggerated, and the same reference numerals are used to represent the same devices, and thus their descriptions will be omitted.

[0047] Combine Figures 1 to 7 As shown, according to a specific embodiment of the present application, a fuel cell stack structure is provided.

[0048] Specifically, if Figures 1 to 5As shown, the fuel cell stack structure includes an end plate assembly 10, an adjustment assembly 20 and a locking assembly 22. The end plate assembly 10 includes a first pressure plate 11, a second pressure plate 12 and a bottom plate 30. The bottom plate 30 is arranged on the first side of the core, and the first pressure plate 11 and the second pressure plate 12 are both arranged on the second side of the core. The first pressure plate 11 is arranged close to the core, and the second pressure plate 12 is arranged away from the core. The second pressure plate 12 is connected to the bottom plate 30, and an operating hole 120 is provided on the second pressure plate 12. The adjustment assembly 20 includes at least an elastic member 21 and an operating member 23. The first pressure plate 21 is provided with an elastic member 23. One end is connected to the first pressure plate 11, and the second end of the elastic member 21 is connected to the operating member 23. Projected along the axial direction of the operating hole 120, at least part of the operating hole 120 and the operating member 23 are arranged to overlap, so that at least part of the operating member 23 is exposed to the side of the second pressure plate 12 away from the first pressure plate 11 through the operating hole 120; the locking assembly 22 is movably connected to the second pressure plate 12, and the locking assembly 22 has a locking end 221. When the locking end 221 contacts the operating member 23, the locking assembly 22 locks the operating member 23 to keep the elastic member 21 in its current state.

[0049] By applying the technical solution of this embodiment, the second pressure plate 12 and the base plate 30 are relatively fixed to the core, and an operating hole 120 is opened on the second pressure plate 12, and the operating member 23 of the adjustment assembly 20 is set in the operating hole 120. By operating the operating member 23 through the operating hole 120, the relative distance between the first pressure plate 11 and the second pressure plate 12 can be adjusted, and the first pressure plate 11 is in contact with the core through the elastic member 21, so that the packaging force of the first pressure plate 11 on the core can be adjusted through the operating member 23. After the packaging force of the core is adjusted, the locking assembly 22 is brought into contact with the operating member 23 by operating the locking end 221, so that the operating member 23 can be locked, so that the elastic member 21 is maintained in the current state, that is, the current packaging force is locked, so that the fuel cell stack structure maintains the current packaging force on the core. At the same time, during the life cycle of the core, when the fuel cell stack expands, the expansion force of the fuel cell stack can squeeze the first pressure plate 11, and the first pressure plate 11 can then squeeze the elastic part 21 to store the expansion force of the core. The elastic part 21 can then be released by adjusting the locking end 221 of the locking assembly 22 to adjust the packaging force of the end plate assembly 10 to the target packaging force. The stability and adjustability of the packaging force can be guaranteed throughout the life cycle of the fuel cell stack, adapting to the working requirements of the fuel cell stack under different working conditions. At the same time, the structure is compact, which can greatly improve the stability of the fuel cell stack mass production process.

[0050] It should be noted that when the battery stack needs to be periodically pressure-regulated, such as in the dynamic pressure management process during vehicle operation, during the initial assembly, the operating member 23 is pushed into a predetermined position along the extension direction of the elastic member 21, and then fixed by the subsequent locking assembly 22; when the packaging force needs to be adjusted, the operating member 23 can be moved under the action of the elastic member 21 by unlocking the locking assembly 22, thereby achieving fine-tuning of the packaging force.

[0051] Specifically, if Figure 2 As shown, the second pressure plate 12 is provided with a plurality of operating holes 120, and there are a plurality of adjustment assemblies 20, which are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of operating holes 120. By providing multiple operating holes 120 on the second pressure plate 12, with each operating hole 120 corresponding to an adjustment assembly 20, the stack packaging force can be evenly distributed across the entire core, avoiding local overvoltage or undervoltage, improving the reliability and service life of the stack, significantly enhancing the stack packaging efficiency and quality, and reducing performance losses caused by uneven packaging force.

[0052] Furthermore, if Figures 2 to 5 As shown, there are multiple locking assemblies 22, and the multiple locking assemblies 22 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the multiple adjustment assemblies 20. The second pressure plate 12 is provided with multiple operating holes 120, and each operating hole 120 is correspondingly provided with an adjustment assembly 20 and a locking assembly 22. The corresponding arrangement of the locking assembly 22 and the adjustment assembly 20 allows each time the adjustment assembly 20 is fine-tuned, its position can be locked by the corresponding locking assembly 22, thereby preventing the position of the adjustment assembly 20 from changing due to vibration or temperature changes during the operation of the battery stack. At the same time, by arranging the locking assembly 22 and the adjustment assembly 20 at multiple positions, the packaging force of the battery stack can be more accurately controlled and adjusted. Multi-point control helps to balance the pressure distribution inside the battery stack, avoid performance loss or component damage caused by excessive or low local pressure, thereby improving the accuracy and consistency of the overall packaging, reducing the wear and fatigue of the internal components of the battery stack due to changes in the packaging force, reducing the failure rate in long-term operation, and extending the service life of the battery stack.

[0053] Furthermore, the locking assembly 22 is movably arranged along the extension direction of the elastic member 21. Based on the principle of flexible adjustment, by allowing the locking assembly 22 to move in the extension direction of the elastic member 21, the adjustment range of the stack packaging force is wider, which can adapt to the dimensional changes of the internal components of the stack under different operating conditions, ensure the optimal state of the stack performance, and improve the environmental adaptability and overall performance of the stack.

[0054] Furthermore, if Figure 1As shown, the operating member 23 includes an operating body 231 and an operating protrusion 232. The operating body 231 is connected to the second end of the elastic member 21. The operating protrusion 232 protrudes from the end of the operating body 231 away from the elastic member 21 and is projected along the axial direction of the operating hole 120. The projection of the operating hole 120 covers the projection of the operating protrusion 232, so that the operating protrusion 232 is exposed through the operating hole 120 to the side of the second pressure plate 12 away from the first pressure plate 11. When the locking assembly 22 contacts the operating body 231, the locking assembly 22 locks the operating member 23 to maintain the elastic member 21 in its current state. The special shape of the operating protrusion 232 facilitates operation with external tools. At the same time, the accurate projection of the operating hole 120 ensures that the operating protrusion 232 can smoothly pass through the second pressure plate 12, achieving effective adjustment of the elastic member 21 and improving the convenience and accuracy of operation.

[0055] It should be noted that the operating protrusion 232 contacts the external pressure adjustment tool through the operating hole 120, and pressure is applied to the operating protrusion 232 through the pressure adjustment tool. The operating protrusion 232 further transmits the pressure to the operating body 231. The operating body 231 can compress the elastic part 21, thereby realizing the adjustment of the battery stack packaging force. After the packaging force is adjusted to the target pressure by the pressure adjustment tool (that is, the operating protrusion 232, the operating body 231, and the elastic part 21 are adjusted to the target position by the external pressure adjustment tool), the operating part 23 is locked in the current position by the locking assembly 22, so that the elastic part 21 maintains the current state, thereby realizing the fixation of the battery stack packaging force.

[0056] In one embodiment of the present application, when the packaging force of the fuel cell stack needs to be adjusted, if only fine-tuning of the packaging force is required, since the locking assembly 22 is in contact with the operating member 23, operating the locking assembly 22 can drive the operating member 23 to fine-tune the packaging force. If fine-tuning of the packaging force is required, the pressure adjustment tool is pressed onto the operating protrusion 232, the locking assembly 22 is released, and the packaging force is readjusted to the target pressure using the pressure adjustment tool. The operating member 23 is then locked using the locking assembly 22. This improves the convenience of adjusting the core packaging force, making the operation simple and quick.

[0057] Furthermore, if Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5As shown, part of the locking assembly 22 is located within the operating hole 120, while the other part of the locking assembly 22 extends to the side of the operating body 231 and contacts the operating body 231. The locking assembly 22 is connected to the second pressure plate 12 and is movably arranged along the axial direction of the operating hole 120 to adjust the length of the locking assembly 22 extending to the side of the operating body 231. By placing part of the locking assembly 22 within the operating hole 120 and the remaining part in contact with the operating body 231, the operating body 231 is partially fixed and adjusted as a whole, ensuring the stability of the operating member 23 while maintaining adjustment flexibility, improving the accuracy and efficiency of the stack packaging force adjustment, and reducing friction and wear during the adjustment process.

[0058] It should be noted that part of the locking assembly 22 is located in the operating hole 120, close to the elastic member 21, while the other part extends to the side where the operating body 231 is located and contacts the operating body 231. This segmented setting not only ensures the direct action of the locking assembly 22 and the elastic member 21, but also allows the operator to perform manual or tool operation through the part of the locking assembly 22 that contacts the operating body 231, thereby achieving fine-tuning of the packaging force; the locking assembly 22 is connected to the second pressure plate 12 and can be moved along the axial direction of the operating hole 120, so that the locking assembly 22 can be moved on the second pressure plate 12, and then its length extending to the side where the operating body 231 is located can be adjusted, that is, by changing the extended length of the locking assembly 22, the compression degree of the elastic member 21 can be indirectly controlled, thereby adjusting the packaging force of the battery stack to adapt to different working conditions.

[0059] Specifically, if Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the locking assembly 22 is an annular structural member, with an operating protrusion 232 exposed through the inner hole of the annular structure to the side of the second pressure plate 12 away from the first pressure plate 11. The inner hole of the annular structure serves as an operating channel, allowing the operating protrusion 232 to pass through the annular structure to position and operate the operating member 23. The design of the annular structure not only provides a stable locking platform but also ensures smooth movement of the operating member 23. Operators or automated equipment can directly access the operating protrusion 232 when making adjustments, without the need for additional tools or complex operating procedures, greatly improving operational convenience and efficiency.

[0060] Furthermore, if Figure 1As shown, a limiting protrusion 233 is provided on the end surface of the operating member 23 near the first pressure plate 11. The limiting protrusion 233 extends circumferentially around the operating member 23 and is radially spaced apart from the elastic member 21 with a gap therebetween. The provision of the limiting protrusion 233 on the operating member 23 limits the range of movement of the operating member 23, preventing it from excessively compressing the elastic member 21 and potentially damaging or failing it. Furthermore, the gap between the limiting protrusion 233 and the elastic member 21 ensures free movement of the operating member 23 without creating additional frictional resistance on the elastic member 21.

[0061] It should be noted that, since the limiting protrusion 233 has a certain length along the extension direction of the elastic member 21, when adjusting the corresponding packaging force for different cores, the setting of the limiting protrusion 233 can prevent the pressure adjustment tool from pressing the operating member 23 to contact the first pressure plate 11, causing the elastic member 21 to be excessively compressed and destroyed and lose its elasticity, or can avoid packaging force imbalance or component damage due to improper operation.

[0062] Furthermore, if Figure 1 As shown, the first pressure plate 11 includes a pressure plate body and a guide member 13 disposed on the pressure plate body. The elastic member 21 is disposed on the outer circumferential surface of the guide member 13 and is connected to the pressure plate body. The operating member 23 has a guide structure 230. At least a portion of the guide member 13 extends into the guide structure 230. The operating member 23 is movably disposed relative to the guide member 13 along the extension direction of the elastic member 21. The precise fit between the guide member 13 and the guide structure 230 of the operating member 23 ensures that the operating member 23 can move smoothly in a predetermined direction under the drive of the elastic member 21, thereby achieving precise adjustment of the stack packaging force. This can effectively prevent the operating member 23 from deflecting or getting stuck during use, ensuring the stability of the stack packaging force and the flexibility of adjustment.

[0063] In one embodiment of the present application, a guide groove is provided on the inner wall of the guide structure 230, and the guide groove is extended along the circumference of the guide member 13, and an O-type guide ring is provided in the guide groove. By providing the O-type guide ring in the guide groove, not only can the direct contact between the operating member and the guide member be reduced, the friction force can be reduced, and the movement of the operating member can be made smoother, but also foreign matter can be prevented from entering the guide system, the guide member can be kept clean, and the long-term stable operation of the entire adjustment system can be ensured. At the same time, the O-type guide ring can ensure that the operating member 23 moves along the axial extension direction of the guide member 13, and avoid the operating member 23 from tilting when the elastic member 21 is subjected to uneven force, resulting in errors in the packaging force adjustment.

[0064] According to another specific embodiment of the present application, a vehicle is also provided. The vehicle has a fuel cell stack structure, and the fuel cell stack structure is the fuel cell stack structure in the above embodiment.

[0065] This application also provides a preferred embodiment of a fuel cell stack structure, such as Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the stack structure includes a first pressure plate 11, an elastic member 21, an operating member 23, an O-ring, a locking assembly 22, and a second pressure plate 12. The first pressure plate 11 is arranged close to the core and is used to bear the packaging force of the stack. The first pressure plate 11 can be made of engineering plastic, metal, or a mixture of metal and plastic. When the first pressure plate 11 is made of a mixture of materials, the main body of the first pressure plate 11 is made of metal material to enhance the structural rigidity. The surrounding engineering plastic is injection-molded or nested inside another engineering plastic part to ensure the realization of electrical functional requirements. The first pressure plate 11 is provided with a groove for installing a blind-end current collecting plate on the side facing the core (composed of repeating units of bipolar plates and membrane electrodes). The groove has a depth of 1-6 mm (preferably 2-3 mm). The groove is provided with a characteristic structure corresponding to the current collecting plate (such as a characteristic boss or concave hole), and the groove and the current collecting plate are clearance-fitted. A guide member 13 is provided on the side of the first pressure plate 11 away from the core. The guide member 13 is used to position and guide the elastic member 21. The guide member 13 can be integrally injection molded with the first pressure plate, or the guide member 13 and the first pressure plate 11 are connected by screw connection or slot key.

[0066] The guide member 13 can be made of metal material or plastic. When metal material is used, its main body consists of two parts, wherein the lower threaded part is used to cooperate with the threaded structure of the first pressure plate 11, and the upper part is used to support and guide the elastic member 21 to prevent the elastic member 21 from being dislocated during use. When the elastic member 21 is fully matched with the first pressure plate 11, the plane where the highest point of the upper part of the guide member 13 is located is at least 2-5 mm higher than the highest plane of the elastic member 21 in the free state without energy storage; when plastic material is used, the first pressure plate 11 is also made of plastic material, and the guide member 13 can be connected to the first pressure plate 11 by welding, or the guide member 13 and the first pressure plate 11 can be integrally processed.

[0067] The elastic member 21 has an energy storage function, such as a coil spring, a disc spring or a combination of the two. The main parameters of the elastic member 21 (inner diameter, outer diameter, cross-sectional dimensions, length) correspond to the number of press-fitting parts and the number of stack sheets in the battery stack assembly to ensure that the load of the elastic member 21 does not exceed the working limit when it is subjected to the battery stack pressing force and the maximum working load. When using disc springs as the elastic member 21, the springs can be of different sizes and in different combinations (either single-row or multi-row) according to work needs. The specific arrangement can be based on comprehensive considerations such as space and acceptance range. To facilitate assembly, a predetermined number of single-group disc springs can be wrapped around the edges with a frame material such as PEN (Polyethylene Naphthalate) or PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate).

[0068] The operating member 23 is arranged on the upper part of the elastic member 21. The operating member 23 presses the elastic member 21. A limiting protrusion 233 is provided on the operating member 23. The limiting protrusion 233 can prevent the elastic member 21 from moving and over-pressure. A guide structure 230 is also provided in the operating member 23. A guide groove is provided on the inner side of the guide structure 230. An O-ring is provided in the guide groove, which can facilitate installation and reduce dislocation during use; the upper part of the operating member 23 is an operating protrusion 232, and the middle part is an operating body 231. The operating protrusion 232 and the operating body 231 are used to cooperate with the locking assembly 22 and the external pressure adjustment tool.

[0069] The operating member 23 is made of metal. The operating body 231 and operating protrusion 232 are stepped cylindrical structures. The cylindrical projection of the operating body 231 is 1-2 mm larger than the outer diameter of the elastic member 21. The cylindrical structure is provided with a through hole, which forms a guide structure 230 for accommodating the guide member 13. The operating protrusion 232 is a circular flat surface, designed to mate with an external pressure adjustment tool.

[0070] The locking assembly 22 is a cylindrical structure with a hollow interior. The internal hollow structure is used to cooperate with the operating member 23. The hollow structure is sleeved on the stepped cylindrical structure of the operating body 231 and the operating protrusion 232. The outer surface of the locking assembly 22 has a threaded structure and the bottom end has a pit. The threaded structure is used to cooperate with the second pressure plate 12, and the pit is used to cooperate with the operating member 23. The upper part of the locking assembly 22 is a locking end 221. The locking end 221 can be a boss or pit structure and is evenly arranged along the circumference of the locking assembly 22. When the battery stack is assembled, the locking end 221 can be used with the help of an external pressure adjustment tool to achieve relative rotation with the second pressure plate 12 to lock the battery stack assembly.

[0071] The second pressure plate 12 is made of metal and features a through-hole 120 in the center. The inner surface of the hole 120 is internally threaded, mating with the locking assembly 22. The internal threads match the external threads of the locking assembly 22 with an accuracy of 4H / 4H to 6H / 6H. Stepped grooves are defined along the long and short sides of the second pressure plate 12, as well as along the sides of the base plate 30. These grooves mate with tie rods, which securely connect the second pressure plate 12 to the base plate 30, ensuring a secure seal within the core.

[0072] It should be noted that if Figure 6 As shown, when the stack shell 40 is used to encapsulate the core, there is no need to set stepped grooves on the sides of the second pressure plate 12 and the bottom plate 30. Instead, sealing grooves and bolt holes are set. The second pressure plate 12 and the bottom plate 30 are screwed to the stack shell 40 through the bolt holes. At the same time, the sealing grooves are used to seal the operating holes 120 to achieve the overall protection function of the stack module.

[0073] In this embodiment, if Figure 5 As shown, the pull rod consists of three parts, namely, heads at both ends and a straight part at the middle end. The heads at both ends are respectively connected to the base plate 30 and the second pressure plate 12. The head is a trapezoidal structure with 1-2 bolt holes for fixing the head on the corresponding matching plate. It can also be connected through a mortise and tenon structure and size matching.

[0074] like Figures 2 to 5 As shown, the number of fuel cell stack structure adjustment components 20 and locking components 22 is determined by the number of repeated units of the single cell in the stack, the overall pressing force of the stack, the size deviation of the stack components, the thermal expansion and contraction characteristics of the stack components, the permanent compression deformation of the component materials, and other factors; the threaded matching structure of the locking component 22 and the second pressure plate 12 is optimized based on the characteristics of the elastic part 21 to ensure a sufficient number of threaded matches (i.e., thread extension length) without leaving too much margin, so as to reduce the overall size and weight of the components.

[0075] like Figure 7 As shown, the stack module's air inlet can utilize either a sleeve-type or integrated baseplate 30. Preferably, an integrated baseplate 30 is employed. Baseplate 30 is injection-molded with engineering plastic onto a metal substrate to prevent fluid from contacting the metal. It also provides space for the current collector, ensuring compliance with safety requirements. Seal grooves and bolt holes are provided at the side ends of baseplate 30 for connection to the stack housing 40.

[0076] The assembly method and installation process of the fuel cell stack structure in this embodiment are as follows:

[0077] Place the bottom plate 30 of the fuel cell stack on the working platform of the fuel cell stack assembly machine, install the assembly fixture, stack the air intake insulation plate, the current collecting plate and the core in sequence, and install the non-air intake current collecting plate; install the first pressure plate 11 and the guide member 13; install the elastic member 21 and the operating member 23 at one time, wherein the operating member 23 is installed with an O-ring; pre-assemble the locking component 22 and the second pressure plate 12, when more than half of the threads of the locking component 22 and the second pressure plate 12 are in a mating state, according to the pre-calculated mating size requirements, select the locking component 22 to half the height of its own thickness on the top or bottom plane of the second pressure plate 12, and install the locking component 22 and the second pressure plate 12; press down the pressure adjustment tool and place it on the operating After the top of the operating protrusion 232 of the working piece 23 contacts, continue to press to the target pressure, adjust the relative position by rotating the locking assembly 22, and then install the pull rod to fix the second pressure plate 12 to the base plate 30; rotate the locking assembly 22 until it fits with the operating piece 23 (when the second pressure plate 12 is used as the packaging shell of the fuel cell module, the step of installing the pull rod is omitted. When the pressure regulating tool is pressed down to reach the target pressure value, the second pressure plate 12 is connected and fixed to the fuel cell shell 40 with bolts, and the locking assembly 22 is rotated until it fits with the operating piece 23); slowly lift the pressure regulating tool until it is separated from the operating piece 23; install the end cover 50, and connect and fix the end cover 50 to the second pressure plate 12 with bolts.

[0078] From the above description, it can be seen that the fuel cell stack structure in this embodiment has the following beneficial effects: the fuel cell stack structure has good compatibility with component sizes, and can simultaneously achieve constant length assembly and fixed assembly pressure requirements for the fuel cell stack. It can ensure the stability and adjustability of the packaging force throughout the life cycle of the stack, and adapt to the working requirements of the stack under different working conditions. At the same time, it has a compact structure and good dimensional consistency, which can greatly improve the stability of the stack mass production process.

[0079] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature to other devices or features as shown in the figures. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figures. For example, if the device in the drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0080] In addition to the above, it should be noted that references to "one embodiment," "another embodiment," "an embodiment," and the like in this specification refer to specific features, structures, or characteristics described in conjunction with that embodiment as included in at least one embodiment generally described in this application. The appearance of the same expression in multiple places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, when a specific feature, structure, or characteristic is described in conjunction with any embodiment, it is intended that such feature, structure, or characteristic, when implemented in conjunction with other embodiments, also falls within the scope of the present invention.

[0081] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own focus. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0082] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fuel cell stack structure, characterized in that: include: An end plate assembly (10), the end plate assembly (10) comprising a first pressure plate (11), a second pressure plate (12) and a bottom plate (30), the bottom plate (30) being arranged on a first side of a core, the first pressure plate (11) and the second pressure plate (12) being arranged on a second side of the core, the first pressure plate (11) being arranged close to the core, and the second pressure plate (12) being arranged away from the core, wherein the second pressure plate (12) is connected to the bottom plate (30), and an operating hole (120) being provided through the second pressure plate (12); An adjusting assembly (20), the adjusting assembly (20) comprising at least an elastic member (21) and an operating member (23), wherein a first end of the elastic member (21) is connected to the first pressing plate (11), and a second end of the elastic member (21) is connected to the operating member (23), and projected along the axial direction of the operating hole (120), at least a portion of the operating hole (120) and the operating member (23) are arranged to overlap, so that at least a portion of the operating member (23) is exposed to a side of the second pressing plate (12) away from the first pressing plate (11) through the operating hole (120); A locking assembly (22) is movably connected to the second pressure plate (12), and the locking assembly (22) has a locking end (221). When the locking end (221) contacts the operating member (23), the locking assembly (22) locks the operating member (23) to maintain the elastic member (21) in its current state.

2. The fuel cell stack structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second pressing plate (12) is provided with a plurality of operating holes (120), and the adjusting components (20) are multiple, and the multiple adjusting components (20) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the multiple operating holes (120).

3. The fuel cell stack structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are multiple locking assemblies (22), and the multiple locking assemblies (22) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the multiple adjustment assemblies (20).

4. The fuel cell stack structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The locking assembly (22) is movably arranged along the extension direction of the elastic member (21).

5. The fuel cell stack structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The operating member (23) comprises: an operating body (231), the operating body (231) being connected to the second end of the elastic member (21); an operating protrusion (232), the operating protrusion (232) being protrudingly provided at one end of the operating body (231) away from the elastic member (21), and projected along the axial direction of the operating hole (120), the projection of the operating hole (120) covering the projection of the operating protrusion (232), so that the operating protrusion (232) is exposed to a side of the second pressing plate (12) away from the first pressing plate (11) through the operating hole (120); When the locking assembly (22) contacts the operating body (231), the locking assembly (22) locks the operating member (23) so that the elastic member (21) maintains the current state.

6. The fuel cell stack structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: Part of the locking assembly (22) is located in the operating hole (120), and another part of the locking assembly (22) extends to the side where the operating body (231) is located and contacts the operating body (231), wherein the locking assembly (22) is connected to the second pressure plate (12) and is movably arranged along the axial direction of the operating hole (120) to adjust the length of the locking assembly (22) extending to the side where the operating body (231) is located.

7. The fuel cell stack structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The locking assembly (22) is an annular structural member, and the operating protrusion (232) is exposed to a side of the second pressing plate (12) away from the first pressing plate (11) through an inner hole of the annular structural member.

8. The fuel cell stack structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: A limiting protrusion (233) is provided on the end surface of the operating member (23) close to the first pressure plate (11), and the limiting protrusion (233) is extended along the circumference of the operating member (23). Along the radial direction of the operating member (23), a gap is provided between the limiting protrusion (233) and the elastic member (21).

9. The fuel cell stack structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first pressure plate (11) includes a pressure plate body and a guide member (13) arranged on the pressure plate body, the elastic member (21) is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the guide member (13) and is connected to the pressure plate body, the operating member (23) has a guide structure (230), at least part of the guide member (13) extends into the guide structure (230), and the operating member (23) is movably arranged relative to the guide member (13) along the extension direction of the elastic member (21).

10. A vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle has a fuel cell stack structure, and the fuel cell stack structure is the fuel cell stack structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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