Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 effervescent tablet as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 effervescent tablets as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the field of pesticide preparations. The bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 effervescent tablet comprises the following components in percentage by weight: a disintegrating agent citric acid and sodium bicarbonate in a ratio of 1: 1.25, wherein the addition amount is 60%; polyethylene glycol 6000 is used as a lubricant, and the addition amount is 3%; polyvinylpyrrolidone is used as a binder, and the addition amount is 2.5%; the addition amount of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 bacterial powder is 15%; starch is used as a filling agent, and the addition amount is 19.5%. The bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 effervescent tablet successfully solves the negative influence caused by the fact that bacillus fermentation liquor is directly used as a preparation, and the effects of preventing and treating tomato ralstonia solanacearum and resisting drought of tomatoes are stable and reliable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of pesticide preparations, and in particular relates to a Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 effervescent tablet and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Tomato bacterial wilt, caused by Ralstonia solanacearum, is a serious soil-borne bacterial disease that severely threatens tomato yield and quality. Currently, chemical control using fungicides is the primary method for tomato bacterial wilt prevention and treatment. However, the application of chemical agents can pollute the environment and affect crop safety. Biological control, due to its environmental friendliness and resistance to pesticides, has gained widespread adoption in agricultural production.

[0003] Drought, as one of the major abiotic stressors affecting plant growth, severely impacts crop quality and yield. Bacillus sp. are key plant growth-promoting bacteria that can induce plant resistance to adverse stresses under various biotic and abiotic environmental conditions.

[0004] With increasing public health awareness, the development of low-toxic, pollution-free microbial pesticides holds great promise. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15, a rhizosphere growth-promoting bacterium isolated and preserved by our research group, has been shown to be highly effective in controlling tomato bacterial wilt and inducing drought tolerance. The bacillus produces stress-resistant spores in the later stages of its growth, minimizing individual mortality during processing and preventing the loss of active ingredients, facilitating the development and formulation of microbial agents. Effervescent tablets are a relatively mature dosage form in pesticide processing. These novel tablets, using acid and alkali sources as disintegrants, are primarily based on the technical active ingredient and are formulated with lubricants, binders, fillers, and other additives. They offer advantages such as convenient and efficient application, and low leakage during transportation and storage. Combining these two approaches effectively mitigates the drawbacks of using Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 fermentation broth directly as a formulation. Therefore, the development of safe, time-saving, and labor-saving new effervescent tablet-based biopesticides is a current research hotspot. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 effervescent tablet, a preparation method and application thereof. The Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 effervescent tablet obtained by the present invention can effectively make up for the defects of high transportation cost, inconvenience in use and easy contamination caused by directly using the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 fermentation broth as a preparation, and has stable and reliable effects on the prevention and control of tomato solanacearum and the resistance of tomatoes to drought.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: The present invention provides a Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 effervescent tablet comprising the following components in weight percentage: a disintegrant consisting of citric acid and sodium bicarbonate in a ratio of 1:1.25, with an addition amount of 60%; a lubricant consisting of polyethylene glycol 6000, with an addition amount of 3%; a binder consisting of polyvinyl pyrrolidone, with an addition amount of 2.5%; Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 powder, with an addition amount of 15%; and a filler consisting of starch, with an addition amount of 19.5%. The Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 was deposited with the General Microbiology Center of the China National Center for the Administration of Microbiological Culture Collection on November 22, 2016, with the deposit number CGMCC NO. 13327.

[0007] Preferably, the optimal storage condition for the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 effervescent tablet is 4°C.

[0008] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 effervescent tablets, comprising the following steps: culturing Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 on LB solid medium at 28°C for 2 days, inoculating a single colony into 5 mL of LB culture medium, culturing at 28°C and 180 rpm for 24 hours, inoculating the culture medium at a 1% (v / v) inoculum, culturing for 48 hours, and collecting the bacterial liquid. The bacterial liquid is centrifuged at 5000 g / min for 5 minutes, the bacterial cells are collected, and resuspended in sterile water to a bacterial suspension concentration of 1.0 to 3.0 × 10 9 CFU / mL was used to prepare Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 fermentation concentrate. The Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 fermentation concentrate was taken and mixed with an equal volume of a freeze-drying protective agent. After packaging, it was placed at -20°C for 24 hours. The next day, it was placed in a freeze dryer and dried at -45°C for 24 hours (air pressure <1Pa) to prepare Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 bacterial powder. Using the bacterial powder as the raw material, the bacterial powder was evenly mixed with an acid source and an alkali source in proportion. Lubricants, binders, and fillers were added in proportion, and the mixture was ground and mixed before tableting and granulation.

[0009] Preferably, the freeze-drying protective agent is 5% sucrose + 5% dextrin.

[0010] Preferably, the acid source is citric acid; the alkali source is sodium bicarbonate, wherein the ratio of citric acid to sodium bicarbonate is 1:1.25.

[0011] Preferably, the lubricant is polyethylene glycol 6000.

[0012] Preferably, the adhesive is polyvinyl pyrrolidone.

[0013] Preferably, the filler is starch.

[0014] The present invention also provides use of the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 effervescent tablet in preventing and controlling solanacearum and resisting drought.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The effective viable count of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 effervescent tablets of the present invention is 2.1×10 9 CFU / g, and the relative protection effect against tomato solanacearum reached more than 50%, and the effect of inducing drought resistance in tomatoes was obvious.

[0016] The present invention adopts an effervescent tablet form, which can be directly added to paddy fields without dilution during use. The carbon dioxide generated during the disintegration process promotes the diffusion of the active ingredient. Due to the high solubility of the effervescent tablet in water, it can be quickly and evenly dispersed in water, thereby forming a protective layer around the root system of the crop, which can effectively improve the utilization rate and control effect of the agent. In addition, compared with traditional pesticide formulations such as powders and suspensions, effervescent tablets reduce dust pollution, improve the stability and dispersibility of the pesticide, and can effectively reduce the impact of the agent on the environment and the applicator, successfully solving the negative impact caused by the direct use of Bacillus fermentation broth as a preparation.

[0017] In addition, since most Bacillus species have similar characteristics, the patent of the present invention can also be slightly modified to develop Bacillus multi-bacteria mixture effervescent tablets.

[0018] Biological deposit information Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 was deposited on November 22, 2016, at the General Microbiology Center of China Culture Collection Administration, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, with the deposit number CGMCC NO.13327. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below.

[0020] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the survival rate of different freeze-drying protective agents; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the change curve of live bacteria concentration of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 effervescent tablets under different conditions; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the verification that Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 effervescent tablets can effectively control tomato bacterial wilt; Note: A. Resistance phenotype of tomato to bacterial wilt after 5 days of water pretreatment; B. Resistance phenotype of tomato to bacterial wilt after 5 days of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 culture solution pretreatment; C. Resistance phenotype of tomato to bacterial wilt after 5 days of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 effervescent tablet pretreatment. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the verification that Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 effervescent tablets can improve the drought tolerance of tomatoes; Note: A. Drought-resistant phenotype induced by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 culture or Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 effervescent tablets in tomatoes; B. Effects of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 culture or effervescent tablets on leaf relative water content under drought stress. Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the verification of the effects of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 bacterial solution and effervescent tablets on the recovery ability of tomatoes; Note: Ⅰ. After 20 days of drought treatment; Ⅱ. After 24 hours of re-watering; A. Clean water treatment; B. AR156 bacterial solution treatment; C. AR156 effervescent tablet treatment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] To further illustrate the present invention, a Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 effervescent tablet, a preparation method, and applications thereof provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Example 1 Preparation of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 powder (1) Preparation of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 fermentation concentrate Use a sterile pipette tip to pick an appropriate amount of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 glycerol culture, streak it onto an LB plate using the triple streak method, and incubate it upside down at 28°C for 24 hours. Pick a single colony from the plate and inoculate it into 5 mL of LB medium. After incubation at 28°C and 180 rpm for 24 hours, inoculate it into the fermentation medium at a 1% (v / v) inoculum, incubate it for 48 hours, and then harvest the culture. Centrifuge the culture at 5000 g / min for 5 minutes, harvest the cells, and resuspend them in sterile water to a concentration of 1.0-3.0 × 10 9 CFU / mL.

[0023] (2) Screening of freeze-drying protective agents The types and concentrations of the protective agents tested are shown in Table 1. The protective agent was first prepared at twice the desired concentration and then mixed with an equal volume of bacterial suspension. 500 μL of the bacterial suspension from each treatment was dispensed into a 2 mL centrifuge tube and placed at -20°C for 24 h. The next day, the suspension was placed in a freeze dryer at -45°C for 24 h (pressure <1 Pa). After drying, the suspension was resuspended in 0.03 mol / L phosphate buffer to the pre-freeze-drying volume. The bacterial CFU were determined by plating on solid culture medium, and the post-freeze-drying survival rate was calculated. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0024] Through the screening of composite freeze-drying protective agents, the results are as follows Figure 1 As shown, 5% sucrose + 5% dextrin were selected as the protective agent for the freeze-drying treatment of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15.

[0025] Table 1 Types and concentrations of tested protective agents

[0026] Note: * indicates mass-volume percentage concentration (g / ml).

[0027] Table 2 Screening of freeze-drying protective agents for Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15

[0028] Note: Different lowercase letters in the table indicate significant differences at the 0.05 level.

[0029] Example 2 Screening of disintegrant types and ratios in Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 effervescent tablets Disintegration time determination: Place one effervescent tablet (3.5 g / tablet) in a 250 mL beaker containing 200 mL of water at 25 ± 5°C. Start timing the moment the tablet is placed in the water and stop when it completely disintegrates. This is the disintegration time. Test six tablets using the same method; each should disintegrate within 5 minutes. If one tablet fails to completely disintegrate, test six more tablets. All should meet the requirements of the 2015 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia.

[0030] Determination of foaming volume: Take a beaker, add 200 mL of water, put in 1 g of effervescent tablet, and immediately introduce the generated gas into an inverted 100 mL graduated cylinder filled with water. When no more gas is generated, record the volume of gas in the graduated cylinder, which is the foaming volume.

[0031] pH determination: Take 3 effervescent tablets and disperse them in 100 mL of 20°C distilled water respectively. Measure the pH value of each solution and take the average value of the results.

[0032] The results are shown in Tables 3 and 4. When the ratio of citric acid to sodium bicarbonate is 1:1.25, the disintegration time is the shortest and the amount of foaming is greater. Therefore, the type and ratio of the disintegrant for Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 effervescent tablets are selected as follows: citric acid to sodium bicarbonate = 1:1.25.

[0033] Table 3 Screening of disintegrant types

[0034] Note: Different lowercase letters in the table indicate significant differences at the 0.05 level.

[0035] Table 4 Screening of acid-base ratio

[0036] Note: Different lowercase letters in the table indicate significant differences at the 0.05 level.

[0037] Example 3 Screening of Lubricant Type and Amount in Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 Effervescent Tablets The results are shown in Table 5. When PEG 6000 was used as a lubricant, the effervescent tablet disintegrated quickly and completely in water, resulting in a clear solution. Therefore, PEG 6000 was selected as the lubricant. As shown in Table 6, the lubricant dosage that achieved the shortest disintegration time was 3%, indicating that the optimal dosage of PEG 6000 for effervescent tablets is 3%.

[0038] Table 5 Screening of lubricant types

[0039] Note: Different lowercase letters in the table indicate significant differences at the 0.05 level.

[0040] Table 6 Lubricant dosage screening

[0041] Note: Different lowercase letters in the table indicate significant differences at the 0.05 level.

[0042] Example 4 Screening of the Type and Amount of Binder in Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 Effervescent Tablets The results, as shown in Table 7, show that the effervescent tablets prepared using polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as a binder exhibited a relatively smooth surface with no apparent sticking. These effervescent tablets disintegrated completely in water, exhibited a high foaming volume, and had the shortest disintegration time of the six groups, making PVP the optimal binder. As shown in Table 8, a 2.5% PVP dosage resulted in no sticking on the effervescent tablet surface and the shortest disintegration time, indicating that 2.5% is the optimal PVP binder for effervescent tablets.

[0043] Table 7 Screening of adhesive types

[0044] Note: Different lowercase letters in the table indicate significant differences at the 0.05 level.

[0045] Table 8 Screening of adhesive dosage

[0046] Note: Different lowercase letters in the table indicate significant differences at the 0.05 level.

[0047] Example 5 Determination of the amount of disintegrant added in Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 effervescent tablets The results are shown in Table 9. Within a certain range, the more disintegrant used, the shorter the disintegration time of the effervescent tablet. There is no significant difference between the disintegrant dosage greater than 60% and the dosage of 60%. Based on the principle of cost saving, the optimal addition amount of disintegrant is determined to be 60%.

[0048] Table 9 Determination of disintegrant addition amount

[0049] Note: Different lowercase letters in the table indicate significant differences at the 0.05 level.

[0050] Example 6 Determination of the amount of bacterial powder added to the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 effervescent tablets The results are shown in Table 10. When the bacterial powder dosage is 15%, the disintegration time of the effervescent tablet is the shortest, the foaming amount is large, and the pH is within the qualified range. Therefore, the optimal bacterial powder dosage is 15%.

[0051] Table 10 Determination of the amount of bacterial powder added

[0052] Note: Different lowercase letters in the table indicate significant differences at the 0.05 level.

[0053] Example 11 Orthogonal experiment for formula optimization of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 effervescent tablets Based on the results of the single-factor experiment, three factors with significant influence in the results were subjected to three-level orthogonal tests: disintegrant ratio, disintegrant addition amount, and bacterial powder addition amount. As shown in Table 11, there were 9 combinations in total, and the evaluation index was disintegration time.

[0054] Table 11 Orthogonal test factor level table

[0055] The results of the orthogonal experiment are shown in Table 12. The bacterial powder dosage had the greatest impact on the disintegration time of the effervescent tablets, followed by the disintegrant dosage. The disintegrant ratio had the least influence of the three factors. The variance analysis of these results, shown in Table 13, showed that factor C, bacterial powder dosage, had the most significant impact. Therefore, the A2B2C2 combination had the shortest disintegration time of all combinations and was the optimal combination. The disintegrant type and ratio in this combination were: citric acid: sodium bicarbonate = 1.00:1.25, the disintegrant dosage was 60%, and the bacterial powder dosage was 15%. The results of the orthogonal experiment for the preparation of effervescent tablets were consistent with the results of the single-factor screening.

[0056] Table 12 Orthogonal test results

[0057] Table 13 Results of variance analysis of orthogonal test Sources of variance Sum of Squares of Deviations degrees of freedom mean square F-number P-value Significance A 1068.926 2 534.463 3.829 0.028 * B 2417.926 2 1208.963 8.662 0.001 *** C 3727.259 2 1863.630 13.352 0.000 **** error 6559.981 47 139.574

[0058] Note: *, ***, and **** indicate significant differences at P < 0.05, P < 0.001, and P < 0.0001, respectively.

[0059] Example 12 Determination of Storage Stability of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 Effervescent Tablets The finished effervescent tablets (effective viable bacteria count of 2.1×10 9 CFU / g) were placed in room temperature or 4℃ environment, and the effective viable bacteria count in the effervescent tablets was detected 15 days, 30 days, 45 days, and 60 days after placement. Figure 2 As shown in the data, under both storage environments, the number of live bacteria in the effervescent tablets gradually decreased over time. After 60 days, the number of live bacteria in the effervescent tablets stored at room temperature decreased by 53.81%, while under 4°C conditions, the number of live bacteria in the effervescent tablets only decreased by 33.33%, indicating that the storage effect at 4°C was significantly better than that at room temperature.

[0060] Example 13: Greenhouse efficacy test of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 effervescent tablets against tomato bacterial wilt Treatments were set up with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 liquid and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 effervescent tablets, and a water control group. Tomato plants (Money Maker variety) were selected and surface-sterilized by soaking the seeds in a 3% sodium hypochlorite solution for 30 minutes. The sodium hypochlorite solution on the seed surface was then washed off with clean water. The seeds were germinated at 26°C and seeded in plug trays. Tomato seedlings with consistent growth were selected and transplanted into individual pots when they reached the four-leaf stage.

[0061] Tomato plants were selected 7 days after transplanting and each plant was inoculated with 20 mL of either Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 solution or AR156 effervescent tablets dissolved in water. An equal volume of water was used as a control. Five days after pretreatment, 30 mL of GMI1000 Ralstonia solanacearum solution was inoculated into the roots of the tomatoes in the treatment and control groups. Ten days later, the disease incidence of the tomatoes in each treatment group was observed and recorded.

[0062] According to the degree of wilting of plant leaves, the tomato bacterial wilt disease level is divided into the following 5 levels: Level 0: Plants are normal Level 1: The degree of wilting of plant leaves does not exceed 25%; Level 2: The degree of wilting of plant leaves exceeds 25% and does not exceed 50%; Level 3: The degree of wilting of plant leaves exceeds 50% and does not exceed 75%; Level 4: The degree of wilting of plant leaves exceeds 75%.

[0063] Incidence rate = number of diseased plants / total number of plants surveyed × 100%.

[0064] Disease index = [∑ (disease level × number of plants with that disease level) / (maximum disease level × total number of plants)] × 100%

[0065] Prevention and treatment effect = (disease index of control group - disease index of treatment group) / disease index of control group × 100%.

[0066] The results are as follows Figure 3 As shown in Table 14, the control efficacy of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 liquid against tomato bacterial wilt was 62.04%, while the control efficacy of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 effervescent tablets was 58.33%, indicating that Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 effervescent tablets had a better control effect on tomato bacterial wilt.

[0067] Table 14 Control effect of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 effervescent tablets on tomato bacterial wilt deal with Incidence rate (%) Disease index (%) Prevention effect (%) clear water <![CDATA[98.33±1.67 a ]]> <![CDATA[90.00±1.44 a ]]> AR156 bacterial culture <![CDATA[66.67±4.41 b ]]> <![CDATA[34.17±2.32 b ]]> 62.04±2.58 AR156 effervescent tablets <![CDATA[71.67±3.33 b ]]> <![CDATA[37.50±2.50 b ]]> 58.33±2.78

[0068] Note: Different lowercase letters in the table indicate significant differences at the 0.05 level.

[0069] Example 14: Greenhouse drought resistance test of tomatoes using Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 effervescent tablets Prepare tomato plants (variety: Money maker) that have been transplanted for 7 days in the same manner as in Example 13.

[0070] Plant survival rate determination: Three treatments were designed: Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 suspension: Each tomato seedling was irrigated with 30 mL of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 suspension and induced with normal watering for 5 days, followed by drought with no watering; Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 effervescent tablet aqueous solution: Each seedling was irrigated with 30 mL of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 effervescent tablet aqueous solution and induced with normal watering for 5 days, followed by drought with no watering; and CK: Each seedling was irrigated with 30 mL of LB culture medium and induced with normal watering for 5 days, followed by drought with no watering. After 20 days of simulated drought treatment, watering was resumed. Plant survival was counted starting when the plants began to wilt and continuing until all seedlings in the control group had died. Three independent replicates were conducted, with 20 seedlings per treatment in each experiment. Survival was calculated 24 hours after rewatering.

[0071] Determination of relative water content of leaves: When the drought-treated plants began to wilt, three tomato seedlings were collected from each treatment every day, and three leaves were collected from each seedling. After the leaves were collected, their fresh weight (FW) was measured immediately. The samples were then immersed in deionized water at room temperature for 12 h to fully absorb water. After that, the samples were taken out and the surface moisture of the leaves was dried with absorbent paper. The saturated weight (TW) of the samples was measured. Finally, the leaves were placed in an oven and dried at 85°C for 3 days until the samples reached a constant weight. The dry weight (DW) of each sample was measured again.

[0072] Relative water content RWC (%) = (FW-DW) / (TW-DW) × 100

[0073] The results are as follows Figure 4 As shown in the figure, after drought treatment, the relative water content of the leaves of plants pretreated with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 liquid or effervescent tablets for 5 days was 82.55% and 78.18%, respectively, while the relative water content of the leaves of the control group was only 63.94%. These results indicate that Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 effervescent tablets can significantly improve the drought tolerance of tomatoes.

[0074] Example 15 Test on the recovery ability of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 effervescent tablets on tomatoes after drought stress Prepare tomato plants (variety: Money maker) that have been transplanted for 7 days in the same manner as in Example 13.

[0075] The plants were treated with drought for 20 days and then watered again for 24 hours. Figure 5 As shown in the results, the plant survival rates of the groups treated with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 liquid or effervescent tablets were 81.67% and 76.67%, respectively, while the plant survival rate of the control group was only 36.67%. These results indicate that Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 effervescent tablets can significantly improve the recovery ability of tomatoes after drought stress.

[0076] As can be seen from the above examples, the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 effervescent tablets prepared by the present invention successfully solve the negative effects of directly using Bacillus fermentation broth as a preparation, and have stable and reliable effects on preventing and controlling tomato solanacearum and tomato drought resistance.

[0077] Although the above embodiment provides a detailed description of the present invention, it is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. People can also obtain other embodiments based on this embodiment without creativity, and these embodiments all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 effervescent tablet, characterized in that: Contains the following components: a disintegrant, accounting for 40-75% of the total weight of the composition; Lubricant, accounting for 1-5% of the total weight of the composition; Binder, accounting for 1-5% of the total weight of the composition; Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 powder, accounting for 10-20% of the total weight of the composition; The balance is filler.

2. The Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 effervescent tablet according to claim 1, wherein: The disintegrant is composed of an acid source and an alkali source in a weight ratio of 1:(0.8-1.5), the acid source is at least one of citric acid, tartaric acid or malic acid, and the alkali source is at least one of sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate or calcium carbonate.

3. The Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 effervescent tablet according to claim 2, wherein: The adhesive is polyvinyl pyrrolidone.

4. The Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 effervescent tablet according to claim 3, wherein: The lubricant is selected from at least one of polyethylene glycol 6000, magnesium stearate or talc.

5. The Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 effervescent tablet according to claim 4, wherein: The filler comprises at least one of starch, lactose or microcrystalline cellulose.

6. The Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 effervescent tablet according to claim 5, characterized in that: The effervescent tablet comprises the following components in weight percentage: a disintegrant of citric acid: sodium bicarbonate in a ratio of 1:1.25, with an addition amount of 60%; polyethylene glycol 6000 as a lubricant, with an addition amount of 3%; polyvinyl pyrrolidone as a binder, with an addition amount of 2.5%; Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 powder, with an addition amount of 15%; and starch as a filler, with an addition amount of 19.5%.

7. A method for preparing a Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 effervescent tablet, which is applied to the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 effervescent tablet according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The fermentation concentrate of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 is taken and mixed with an equal volume of a freeze-drying protective agent. After packaging, it is placed at -15~-20°C for 12~48 hours. The next day, it is placed in a freeze dryer and dried at -35~-55°C for 12~48 hours to prepare Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 bacterial powder. The bacterial powder is used as a raw material, and the bacterial powder is evenly mixed with an acid source and an alkali source in proportion. A lubricant, a binder and a filler are added in proportion, and the mixture is ground and mixed, and then tableted and granulated.

8. The method for preparing the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 effervescent tablet according to claim 7, wherein: The Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 fermentation concentrate is prepared by the following method: culturing Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 on LB solid culture medium at 20-35° C. for 1-3 days, inoculating a single colony into LB culture medium, culturing at 20-35° C. and 150-220 rpm for 12-48 hours, inoculating the colony into fermentation culture medium, culturing for 24-36 hours, collecting the bacterial liquid, centrifuging the bacterial liquid, collecting the bacterial cells, and resuspending the cells with sterile water to obtain a concentrate.

9. The method for preparing the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 effervescent tablet according to claim 8, wherein: The freeze-drying protective agent is 5% sucrose + 5% dextrin.

10. Use of a Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y15 effervescent tablet in preventing and controlling solanacearum wilt and resisting drought.

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