Variable-outer-diameter optical hard endoscope and integrated imaging system

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a variable-outer-diameter optical hard endoscope and an integrated imaging system, relates to the technical field of endoscopes, and can effectively improve the imaging size of the endoscope. The endoscope includes: an objective lens disposed at a first end of the endoscope to receive light incident from an observation target; the relay lens is arranged on the image side of the objective lens so as to transmit emergent light of the objective lens to a focal length increasing lens; the focal length increasing mirror is arranged on the image side of the relay mirror so as to receive emergent light of the relay mirror; the field-of-view enlarging mirror is arranged at the second end of the endoscope and located on the image side of the focal length enlarging mirror so as to receive emergent light of the focal length enlarging mirror; wherein the clear aperture of the relay lens is smaller than the clear aperture of the focal length increasing lens. The method and the device are suitable for use scenes of endoscopes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of endoscopes, and in particular to a variable outer diameter optical rigid endoscope and an integrated imaging system. Background Art

[0002] The field of view of traditional endoscopes such as laryngeal endoscopes is 40°±15° and the outer diameter is 6mm-10mm. According to optical principles, the larger the field of view, the larger the image, and the larger the aperture, the larger the image.

[0003] To obtain a larger image and facilitate surgical operations, the aperture needs to be increased to improve the image size of the endoscope while maintaining a certain field of view. However, increasing the aperture may increase the outer diameter of the endoscope. The larger the outer diameter of the endoscope, the more likely it is to cause discomfort to the patient during surgery, such as nausea and vomiting. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present application provides a variable outer diameter optical rigid endoscope and an integrated imaging system, which can increase the imaging size of the endoscope.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an endoscope, comprising: an objective lens, which is arranged at the first end of the endoscope to receive light incident from an observation target; a relay lens, which is arranged on the image side of the objective lens to transmit the output light of the objective lens to a focal length enlarger; a focal length enlarger, which is arranged on the image side of the relay lens to receive the output light of the relay lens; a field of view enlarger, which is arranged at the second end of the endoscope and is located on the image side of the focal length enlarger to receive the output light of the focal length enlarger; wherein the light clearance diameter of the relay lens is smaller than the light clearance diameter of the focal length enlarger.

[0006] In a specific embodiment, the outer diameter of the relay lens is equal to the outer diameter of the focal length increase lens; or the outer diameter of the relay lens is smaller than the outer diameter of the focal length increase lens.

[0007] In a specific embodiment, the light-clearing aperture of the objective lens is 1.0~2.8mm; and / or the light-clearing aperture of the relay lens is 1.0~2.8mm; and / or the light-clearing aperture of the focal length enlargement lens is 2.8mm~3.8mm; and / or the light-clearing aperture of the field of view enlargement lens is 2.8mm~3.8mm.

[0008] In a specific embodiment, the field of view enlargement mirror has a field of view angle of 10° or more.

[0009] In a specific embodiment, the aperture of the focal length enlarging mirror is 2.8 mm to 3.8 mm, and the field of view angle of the field of view enlarging mirror is greater than 10°.

[0010] In a specific embodiment, the focal length of the focal length increasing lens is 5-8 mm.

[0011] In a specific embodiment, the field angle of the objective lens is 40°±15°.

[0012] In a specific embodiment, the variable outer diameter optical rigid endoscope is a laryngeal endoscope or a laparoscope.

[0013] In a specific embodiment, the outer diameter of the laryngeal endoscope is 3.8-4.5 mm; and / or the outer diameter of the laparoscope is 5-6 mm.

[0014] In a specific embodiment, the objective lens includes a front group objective lens and a rear group objective lens in sequence from the object side to the image side; the optical focal power of the front group objective lens is negative, and the optical focal power of the rear group objective lens is positive.

[0015] In a specific embodiment, the front group of objective lenses includes a first objective lens, and the optical focal length of the first objective lens is negative; the rear group of objective lenses includes, from the object side to the image side, the first objective lens group, the second objective lens group, the third objective lens group, and the fourth objective lens group; the first objective lens group includes, from the object side to the image side, the second objective lens and the third objective lens glued together; the second objective lens is a flat lens; the optical focal length of the third objective lens is positive; the second objective lens group includes, from the object side to the image side, the fourth objective lens and the fifth objective lens glued together; the optical focal length of the fourth objective lens is positive; the optical focal length of the fifth objective lens is negative; the third objective lens group includes, from the object side to the image side, the sixth objective lens and the seventh objective lens glued together; the optical focal length of the sixth objective lens is negative; the optical focal length of the seventh objective lens is positive; the fourth objective lens group includes, from the object side to the image side, the eighth objective lens and the ninth objective lens glued together; the optical focal length of the eighth objective lens is negative; the optical focal length of the ninth objective lens is negative.

[0016] In a specific embodiment, the object side surface of the first objective lens is a plane, and the image side surface is a concave surface; the object side surface of the second objective lens is a plane, and the image side surface is a plane; the object side surface of the third objective lens is a plane, and the image side surface is a convex surface; the object side surface of the fourth objective lens is a concave surface, and the image side surface is a convex surface; the object side surface of the fifth objective lens is a concave surface, and the image side surface is a concave surface; the object side surface of the sixth objective lens is a convex surface, and the image side surface is a concave surface; the object side surface of the seventh objective lens is a convex surface, and the image side surface is a convex surface; the object side surface of the eighth objective lens is a concave surface, and the image side surface is a concave surface; the object side surface of the ninth objective lens is a concave surface, and the image side surface is a concave surface.

[0017] In a specific embodiment, the ratio of the focal length of the first objective lens to the effective aperture of the object side surface of the first objective lens is in the range of (-5.20, -3.90), and the refractive index of the first objective lens is greater than 1.7; The ratio of the focal length of the third objective lens to the effective aperture of the object side surface of the third objective lens is in the range of (10.85, 9.70), and the refractive index of the third objective lens 13 is less than 1.5; The ratio of the focal length of the fourth objective lens to the effective aperture of the object side surface of the fourth objective lens is in the range of (5.95, 7.20), and the refractive index of the fourth objective lens is greater than 1.8; The ratio of the focal length of the fifth objective lens to the effective aperture of the object side surface of the fifth objective lens is in the range of (-6.15, -6.90), and the refractive index of the fifth objective lens is greater than 1.78; The ratio of the focal length of the sixth objective lens to the effective aperture of the object side surface of the sixth objective lens is in the range of (-4.40, -3.90), and the refractive index of the sixth objective lens is greater than 1.68; The ratio of the focal length of the seventh objective lens to the effective aperture of the object side surface of the seventh objective lens is in the range of (3.85, 3.97), and the refractive index of the seventh objective lens is less than 1.51; The ratio of the focal length of the eighth objective lens to the effective aperture of the object side surface of the eighth objective lens is in the range of (6.80, 5.90), and the refractive index of the eighth objective lens is greater than 1.75; The ratio of the focal length of the ninth objective lens to the effective aperture of the object side surface of the ninth objective lens is in the range of (5.90, 7.85), and the refractive index of the ninth objective lens is less than 1.60.

[0018] In a specific embodiment, the objective lens is made of flint material.

[0019] In a specific embodiment, the relay lens and / or the focal length increasing lens each include at least one rod lens group, the rod lens group includes two rod lenses, and the rod lenses include a first lens, a second lens, and a third lens glued together in sequence; the optical focal power of the first lens is negative; the optical focal power of the second lens is positive; the optical focal power of the third lens is negative; the object side surface of the first lens is convex and the image side surface is concave; the object side surface of the second lens is convex and the image side surface is convex; the object side surface of the third lens is concave and the image side surface is convex.

[0020] In a specific embodiment, the ratio of the focal length of the first lens to the effective aperture of the object-side surface of the first lens is in the range of (-3.75, -3.40), and the refractive index of the first lens is greater than 1.8; the ratio of the focal length of the second lens to the effective aperture of the object-side surface of the second lens is in the range of (2.95, 2.72), and the refractive index of the second lens is less than 1.45; the ratio of the focal length of the third lens to the effective aperture of the object-side surface of the third lens is in the range of (-3.75, -3.40), and the refractive index of the third lens is greater than 1.8.

[0021] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides an integrated imaging system, comprising: an endoscope, a switching lens and a 2D camera unit, wherein the endoscope is the endoscope described in any one of the embodiments of the present application; the switching lens is arranged on the image side of the field of view enlargement lens to transmit the output light of the field of view enlargement lens to the 2D camera unit; the 2D camera unit is arranged on the image side of the switching lens to receive the output light of the switching lens and form an image; wherein the spot diameter of the exit pupil formed by the objective lens, the relay lens, the focal length enlargement lens and the field of view enlargement lens is less than or equal to the spot diameter of the entrance pupil formed by the switching lens.

[0022] In a specific embodiment, the transfer lens includes a first transfer lens, a second transfer lens, a third transfer lens, and a fourth transfer lens in sequence from the object side to the image side; the optical focal length of the first transfer lens is positive; the optical focal length of the second transfer lens is negative; the optical focal length of the third transfer lens is positive; the optical focal length of the fourth transfer lens is negative; the object side surface of the first transfer lens is convex and the image side surface is concave; the object side surface of the second transfer lens is flat and the image side surface is concave; the object side surface of the third transfer lens is convex and the image side surface is convex; the object side surface of the fourth transfer lens is concave and the image side surface is convex.

[0023] In a specific embodiment, the ratio of the focal length of the first transfer lens to the effective aperture of the object side surface of the first transfer lens is in the range of (5.10, 6.42), and the refractive index of the first transfer lens is less than 1.6; the ratio of the focal length of the second transfer lens to the effective aperture of the object side surface of the second transfer lens is in the range of (-7.35, 7.94), and the refractive index of the second transfer lens is greater than 1.8; the ratio of the focal length of the third transfer lens to the effective aperture of the object side surface of the third transfer lens is in the range of (4.53, 4.06), and the refractive index of the third transfer lens is greater than 1.5; the ratio of the focal length of the fourth transfer lens to the effective aperture of the object side surface of the fourth transfer lens is in the range of (-12.15, -8.70), and the refractive index of the fourth transfer lens is greater than 1.84.

[0024] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides an integrated imaging system, comprising: an endoscope, a switching lens and a 3D camera unit, wherein the endoscope is any one of the embodiments of the present application; the switching lens is arranged on the image side of the field of view enlargement lens to transmit the output light of the field of view enlargement lens to the 3D camera unit, and the switching lens comprises a first switching lens and a second switching lens; the 3D camera unit comprises at least a first camera element and a second camera element, the first camera element is arranged on the image side of the first switching lens to receive the output light of the first switching lens and generate a first image; the second camera element is arranged on the image side of the second switching lens to receive the output light of the second switching lens and generate a second image; wherein the spot diameter of the exit pupil formed by the objective lens, the relay lens, the focal length enlarging lens and the field of view enlarging lens is greater than or equal to the sum of the spot diameters of the entrance pupil formed by the first switching lens and the spot diameters of the entrance pupil formed by the second switching lens.

[0025] The embodiments of the present application provide a variable outer diameter optical rigid endoscope and an integrated imaging system, which include an objective lens, a relay lens, a focal length enlarger lens, and a field of view enlarger lens; the objective lens is arranged at the first end of the endoscope to receive light incident from the observation target; the relay lens is arranged on the image side of the objective lens to transmit the output light of the objective lens to the focal length enlarger lens; the focal length enlarger lens is arranged on the image side of the relay lens to receive the output light of the relay lens; the field of view enlarger lens is arranged at the second end of the endoscope and is located on the image side of the focal length enlarger lens to receive the output light of the focal length enlarger lens; wherein the light clearance diameter of the relay lens is smaller than the light clearance diameter of the focal length enlarger lens, which can avoid increasing the outer diameter of the endoscope and use the focal length enlarger lens and the field of view enlarger lens to increase the imaging size of the endoscope. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an integrated imaging system provided by an embodiment of the present application and equipped with a variable outer diameter optical rigid endoscope; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an objective lens of an endoscope provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a focal length enlargement lens and a field of view enlargement lens of an endoscope provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a transfer lens for an endoscope provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of an integrated imaging system provided in an embodiment of the present application, configured with a first transfer lens and a second transfer lens.

[0028] Description of main reference numerals: 100-endoscope; 10-objective lens; 11-first objective lens; 12-second objective lens; 13-third objective lens; 14-fourth objective lens; 15-fifth objective lens; 16-sixth objective lens; 17-seventh objective lens; 18-eighth objective lens; 19-ninth objective lens; 20-relay lens; 30-focal length enlarger lens; 40-field of view enlarger lens; 41-first field of view enlarger lens; 42-second field of view enlarger lens; 43-third field of view enlarger lens; 44-fourth field of view enlarger lens; 50-transfer lens; 51-first transfer lens; 52-second transfer lens; 53-third transfer lens; 54-fourth transfer lens; 50A-first transfer lens; 50B-second transfer lens. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] It should be clear that the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0031] At present, in order to obtain a larger image and facilitate surgical operations, under the premise of a certain field of view, it is necessary to increase the aperture to increase the imaging size of the endoscope. However, increasing the aperture may cause the outer diameter of the endoscope to increase. The larger the outer diameter of the endoscope, the more discomfort the patient will experience during surgery. In order to solve the above problems, firstly, Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides a variable outer diameter optical rigid endoscope 100 , which may include: an objective lens 10 , a relay lens 20 , a focal length enlarging lens 30 , and a field of view enlarging lens 40 .

[0032] The variable outer diameter optical rigid endoscope 100 can be a laryngeal endoscope, such as an ultra-thin laryngeal endoscope with an outer diameter of 3.8-4.5 mm; or a laparoscope, such as an ultra-thin laparoscope with an outer diameter of 5-6 mm, for example, a 5.5 mm ultra-thin laparoscope.

[0033] The objective lens 10 is provided at a first end of the endoscope 100 to receive light incident from an observation target.

[0034] The objective lens 10 is used to receive the light of the observation target and transmit it along the imaging optical axis. The objective lens 10 can be a single lens or a lens group including multiple lenses. In order to obtain a large relative aperture and increase the amount of light passing, a reverse telephoto objective lens is constructed, such as Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the objective lens 10 includes a front group objective lens and a rear group objective lens in sequence from the object side to the image side along the optical axis. The optical focal length of the front group objective lens is negative, and the optical focal length of the rear group objective lens is positive. This structure is also conducive to increasing the back focus.

[0035] The front objective lens group may include a first objective lens 11. The optical power of the first objective lens 11 is negative, and the object side of the first objective lens 11 is flat to effectively contact the cover glass. The image side of the first objective lens 11 is concave to facilitate a wide field of view and diffuse the light beam. The ratio of the focal length of the first objective lens 11 to the effective aperture of the object side is preferably in the range of (-5.20, -3.90), and the refractive index of the first objective lens 11 is preferably greater than 1.7.

[0036] The rear group of objective lenses may include a first objective lens group, a second objective lens group, a third objective lens group, and a fourth objective lens group, wherein the first objective lens group may be a cemented lens group including the second objective lens 12 and the third objective lens 13, the second objective lens group may be a cemented lens group including the fourth objective lens 14 and the fifth objective lens 15, the third objective lens group may be a cemented lens group including the sixth objective lens 16 and the seventh objective lens 17, and the fourth objective lens group may be a cemented lens group including the eighth objective lens 18 and the ninth objective lens 19.

[0037] The image-side surface of the second objective lens 12 of the first objective lens group is glued to the object-side surface of the third objective lens 13. The second objective lens 12 can be a flat plate lens equivalent to a prism. For example, the second objective lens 12 can be an equivalent flat plate lens having an optical path length equivalent to that of a turning prism with viewing angles of 0°, 30°, and 70°. The third objective lens 13 is a lens with positive optical power. The object-side surface of the third objective lens 13 is flat, and the image-side surface is convex, with positive optical power. The ratio of the focal length of the third objective lens 13 to the effective aperture of the object-side surface is preferably in the range of (10.85, 9.70). The refractive index of the third objective lens 13 is preferably less than 1.5.

[0038] The image side surface of the fourth objective lens 14 of the second objective lens group is glued to the object side surface of the fifth objective lens 15. By optimizing the overall materials of the fourth objective lens 14 and the fifth objective lens 15, the optimal solution of refractive index and Abbe number is found, and aberrations affecting imaging quality such as astigmatism, field curvature, coma and chromatic aberration of magnification are better suppressed. For example, the fourth objective lens 14 is a lens with positive focal power, the object side surface of the fourth objective lens 14 is concave, the image side surface is convex, the ratio of the focal length of the fourth objective lens 14 to the effective aperture of the object side surface is preferably within the range of (5.95, 7.20), and the refractive index of the fourth objective lens 14 is preferably greater than 1.8. The fifth objective lens 15 is a lens with negative focal power, the object side surface of the fifth objective lens 15 is concave, the image side surface is concave, the ratio of the focal length of the fifth objective lens 15 to the effective aperture of the object side surface is preferably within the range of (-6.15, -6.90), and the refractive index of the fifth objective lens 15 is preferably greater than 1.78.

[0039] The image-side surface of the sixth objective lens 16 of the third objective lens group is glued to the object-side surface of the seventh objective lens 17. The structure and curvature of the third objective lens group can be symmetrical with those of the second objective lens group, forming a nearly double-Gaussian lens group structure to balance opposing aberrations such as spherical aberration, field curvature, and distortion. The sixth objective lens 16 is a lens with negative optical power, with a convex object-side surface and a concave image-side surface. The ratio of the focal length of the sixth objective lens 16 to the effective aperture of the object-side surface is preferably in the range of (-4.40 to -3.90), and the refractive index of the sixth objective lens 16 is preferably greater than 1.68. The seventh objective lens 17 is a lens with positive optical power, with a convex object-side surface and a convex image-side surface. The ratio of the focal length of the seventh objective lens 17 to the effective aperture of the object-side surface is preferably in the range of (3.85 to 3.97), and the refractive index of the seventh objective lens 17 is preferably less than 1.51.

[0040] The image side surface of the eighth objective lens 18 of the fourth objective lens group is glued to the object side surface of the ninth objective lens 19. The total optical power of the fourth objective lens group is negative, so that it has the effect of diverging the light beam and extending the optical path. As the rear group of the objective lens group, it adjusts the outgoing light beam to an image-side telecentric structure and forms an intermediate image between the relay lenses 20, which is beneficial to extending the optical structure of the endoscope 100, improving the tolerance range for installation errors, and facilitating debugging. The eighth objective lens 18 can be a lens with negative optical power, and the ninth objective lens 19 can be a lens with negative optical power. The object side surface of the eighth objective lens 18 is concave, and the image side surface is concave; the object side surface of the ninth objective lens 19 is concave, and the image side surface is concave. The ratio of the focal length of the eighth objective lens 18 to the effective aperture of the object side of the eighth objective lens 18 is preferably in the range of (6.80, 5.90), and the refractive index of the eighth objective lens 18 is preferably greater than 1.75; the ratio of the focal length of the ninth objective lens 19 to the effective aperture of the object side of the ninth objective lens 19 is preferably in the range of (5.90, 7.85), and the refractive index of the ninth objective lens 19 is preferably less than 1.60.

[0041] The material of each lens included in the objective lens 10 can be flint material with high refractive index and low dispersion coefficient, and by adjusting the curvature of the compensating plate, the light aperture of the objective lens 10 can be reduced to less than 2.8 mm.

[0042] The relay lens 20 is provided on the image side of the objective lens 10 to transmit the output light of the objective lens 10 to the focal length increasing lens 30 .

[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, the relay lens 20 can be composed of a rod lens or a rod lens group. For example, the relay lens 20 of this embodiment can be composed of an even number of rod lens groups, such as two, four, or six. Each rod lens group can include two rod lenses with identical structures, materials, and curvatures, so that each rod lens group forms a double-Gaussian symmetrical structure, effectively compensating for aberrations such as spherical aberration, field curvature, and distortion. Each rod lens can include multiple lenses, for example, each rod lens can include a first lens, a second lens, and a third lens. The image side surface of the first lens is glued to the object side surface of the second lens, and the image side surface of the second lens is glued to the object side surface of the third lens.

[0044] The object-side surface of the first lens is convex, the image-side surface is concave, and it has negative optical power. The ratio of the focal length of the first lens to the effective aperture of the object-side surface is preferably in the range of (-3.75, -3.40), and the refractive index of the first lens is preferably greater than 1.8.

[0045] The object side surface of the second lens is convex, the image side surface is convex, it has positive optical power, and constitutes most of the length of the rod lens. The ratio of the focal length of the second lens to the effective aperture of the object side surface is preferably in the range of (2.95, 2.72), and the refractive index of the second lens is preferably less than 1.45.

[0046] The curvature of the third lens is the same as that of the first lens in magnitude but opposite in sign, and the third lens is made of the same lens material as the first lens. The third lens has the same negative focal power as the first lens. The object-side surface of the third lens is concave, and the image-side surface is convex. The ratio of the focal length of the third lens to the effective aperture of the object-side surface is preferably in the range of (-3.75, -3.40), and the refractive index of the third lens is preferably greater than 1.8.

[0047] The relay lens 20 adopts a symmetrical rod lens design, which not only effectively balances the aberration, but also improves the interchangeability of the lens group, which helps to save assembly time.

[0048] The focal length increasing lens 30 is provided on the image side of the relay lens 20 to receive the light emitted by the relay lens 20. The field of view increasing lens 40 is provided at the second end of the endoscope 100 and is located on the image side of the focal length increasing lens 30 to receive the light emitted by the focal length increasing lens 30; wherein the optical aperture of the relay lens 20 is smaller than the optical aperture of the focal length increasing lens 30.

[0049] According to the optical formula F=f / D, where F is the aperture of the optical element, f is the focal length of the optical element, and D is the effective clear aperture of the optical element, the optical element may be the aforementioned objective lens 10, relay lens 20, focal length extender 30, field of view extender 40, etc. The clear aperture here refers to the actual physical diameter of the aperture in the optical element that allows light to pass through. It can be seen that for focal length extender 30, since the aperture of focal length extender 30 is a fixed value, the larger the clear aperture of focal length extender 30, the greater the focal length of focal length extender 30.

[0050] According to the optical formula tanw=y / f, where w is the field of view angle of the optical element, y is the image size of the optical element, and f is the focal length of the optical element, it can be seen that for the focal length enlarging mirror 30, when the field of view angle of the focal length enlarging mirror 30 remains unchanged, the larger the focal length of the focal length enlarging mirror 30, the larger the image of the focal length enlarging mirror 30.

[0051] As for the field of view enlarger mirror 40, the focal length of the focal length enlarging mirror 30 increases, and the field of view entering the field of view enlarging mirror 40 becomes larger. Therefore, according to the optical formula tanw=y / f, the field of view angle of the field of view enlarging mirror 40 increases. When the focal length of the field of view enlarging mirror 40 remains unchanged, the imaging of the field of view enlarging mirror 40 increases.

[0052] Based on the above method, an imaging magnification system can be formed using the focal length enlarger 30 and the field of view enlarger 40, that is, by increasing the light aperture of the focal length enlarger 30 to increase the focal length of the focal length enlarger 30 and increasing the field of view angle of the field of view enlarger 40, the imaging size of the endoscope 100 can be increased.

[0053] like Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the focal length increasing lens 30 may also be a rod lens or a rod lens assembly. For example, the focal length increasing lens 30 of this embodiment may be composed of a rod lens assembly. The rod lens assembly may also include two rod lenses with identical structures, materials, and curvatures, so that each rod lens assembly forms a double-Gaussian symmetrical structure, effectively compensating for aberrations such as spherical aberration, field curvature, and distortion. Each rod lens in the rod lens assembly may also include multiple lenses. For example, each rod lens may include a first lens, a second lens, and a third lens. The image side surface of the first lens is cemented to the object side surface of the second lens, and the image side surface of the second lens is cemented to the object side surface of the third lens.

[0054] The focal length enlarger 30 has a relatively large focal length, for example, the focal length of the focal length enlarger 30 can be 5-8 mm, and the field of view enlarger 40 has a relatively large field of view angle, for example, the field of view enlarger 40 can be greater than 10°. This allows the larger focal length of the focal length enlarger 30 to be combined with the larger field of view angle of the field of view enlarger 40 to create a magnifying effect, thereby increasing the image size of the endoscope 100. This allows a larger image to be obtained on the image side of the field of view enlarger 40, thereby facilitating observation of the patient's lesion. Furthermore, based on the above configuration, the optical aperture of the relay lens 20 can be further configured to be smaller than the optical aperture of the focal length enlarger 30, which facilitates reducing the size of the relay lens 20 and the objective lens 10. For example, the optical aperture and outer diameter of the relay lens 20 and the objective lens 10 can be reduced, thereby making the endoscope 100 smaller when inserted into the patient's body, thereby reducing the patient's discomfort.

[0055] In this embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, the field of view enlarger mirror 40 includes a first field of view enlarger mirror 41, a second field of view enlarger mirror 42, a third field of view enlarger mirror 43, and a fourth field of view enlarger mirror 44 in sequence from the object side to the image side along the optical axis.

[0056] The image-side surface of the first field-of-view enlarger 41 is glued to the object-side surface of the second field-of-view enlarger 42. The first field-of-view enlarger 41 is a lens with negative optical power, with its object-side surface being convex and its image-side surface being concave. The ratio of the focal length of the first field-of-view enlarger 41 to the effective aperture of the object-side surface is preferably in the range of (-9.60, -10.00), and the refractive index of the first field-of-view enlarger 41 is preferably greater than 1.68. The second field-of-view enlarger 42 is a lens with positive optical power, with its object-side surface being convex and its image-side surface being convex. The ratio of the focal length of the second field-of-view enlarger 42 to the effective aperture of the object-side surface is preferably in the range of (5.32, 4.76), and the refractive index of the second field-of-view enlarger 42 is preferably less than 1.49.

[0057] The image-side surface of the third field-of-view enlarger 43 is glued to the object-side surface of the fourth field-of-view enlarger 44. The third field-of-view enlarger 43 is a lens with negative optical power. The object-side surface and the image-side surface of the third field-of-view enlarger 43 are convex. The ratio of the focal length of the third field-of-view enlarger 43 to the effective aperture of the object-side surface is preferably in the range of (6.80, 6.52). The refractive index of the third field-of-view enlarger 43 is preferably greater than 1.51. The fourth field-of-view enlarger 44 is a lens with positive optical power. The object-side surface and the image-side surface of the fourth field-of-view enlarger 44 are concave and convex. The ratio of the focal length of the fourth field-of-view enlarger 44 to the effective aperture of the object-side surface is preferably in the range of (-8.95, -8.30). The refractive index of the fourth field-of-view enlarger 44 is preferably greater than 1.78.

[0058] The endoscope 100 of this embodiment can effectively increase the size of the image of the lesion during surgery. However, the aperture of each optical element of a conventional endoscope remains unchanged, and the image size cannot be further increased within the limited structural dimensions. Furthermore, the endoscope 100 of this embodiment can fully utilize the imaging capabilities of the image sensor. For example, the photosensitive surface of an image sensor is often rectangular with a fixed size. For the same lesion, the image of a conventional endoscope is often located within the rectangular photosensitive surface, such as being inscribed within the rectangular photosensitive surface. Thus, for circular or elliptical lesions, the edges or corners of the rectangular photosensitive surface are not fully utilized, resulting in a smaller image of the lesion. However, the endoscope 100 of this embodiment can completely cover the rectangular photosensitive surface, such as being circumscribed within the rectangular photosensitive surface, for the same lesion. Thus, for the same circular or elliptical lesions, the edges or corners of the rectangular photosensitive surface of the image sensor can also be fully utilized to image the lesion, resulting in a larger image of the lesion. The variable outer diameter optical rigid endoscope 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application includes an objective lens 10, a relay lens 20, a focal length enlarger 30, and a field of view enlarger 40; the objective lens 10 is arranged at the first end of the endoscope 100 to receive light incident from the observation target; the relay lens 20 is arranged on the image side of the objective lens 10 to transmit the output light of the objective lens 10 to the focal length enlarger 30; the focal length enlarger 30 is arranged on the image side of the relay lens 20 to receive the output light of the relay lens 20; the field of view enlarger 40 is arranged at the second end of the endoscope 100 and is located on the image side of the focal length enlarger 30 to receive the output light of the focal length enlarger 30; wherein the light clearance diameter of the relay lens 20 is smaller than the light clearance diameter of the focal length enlarger 30, which can avoid increasing the outer diameter of the endoscope 100 and utilize the focal length enlarger 30 and the field of view enlarger 40 to increase the imaging size of the endoscope 100.

[0059] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the outer diameter of the relay lens 20 is equal to the outer diameter of the focal length increasing lens 30 ; or the outer diameter of the relay lens 20 is smaller than the outer diameter of the focal length increasing lens 30 .

[0060] In this embodiment, the outer diameter of the relay lens 20 is equal to the outer diameter of the focal length amplifier 30. This allows the outer diameters of the objective lens 10, the relay lens 20, and the focal length amplifier 30 to be equal, facilitating processing and installation. Alternatively, to further reduce the size of the components inserted into the patient's body, the outer diameter of the relay lens 20 can be configured to be smaller than the outer diameter of the focal length amplifier 30. This facilitates further reducing the outer dimensions of the objective lens 10 and the relay lens 20. Specifically, the outer diameters of the objective lens 10 and the relay lens 20 are configured to be equal, and smaller than the outer diameters of the focal length amplifier 30. In other words, the outer diameter of the endoscope 100 of this embodiment can be variable from the object side toward the image side. The outer diameters of the objective lens 10, the relay lens 20, and the focal length amplifier 30 can increase sequentially or be equal. The outer diameters referred to herein may refer to the physical dimensions of the outer dimensions.

[0061] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the aperture of the objective lens 10 is 1.0-2.8 mm; and / or The aperture of the relay lens 20 is 1.0-2.8 mm; and / or The aperture of the focal length increasing lens 30 is 2.8 mm to 3.8 mm; and / or The aperture of the field-of-view enlarger mirror 40 is 2.8 mm to 3.8 mm.

[0062] In this embodiment, the optical aperture of the endoscope 100 is variable from the object side toward the image side, for example, it can be successively larger, thereby facilitating the configuration of the objective lens 10 and the relay lens 20 to a smaller size, thereby reducing patient discomfort. The optical aperture of the focal length enlarger lens 30 can be configured to be the same as the optical aperture of the field of view enlarger lens 40, so that the two are of the same size, facilitating assembly and commissioning. In other embodiments, the optical aperture of the focal length enlarger lens 30 and the optical aperture of the field of view enlarger lens 40 can also be different.

[0063] When configuring the aperture size of the objective lens 10, relay lens 20, focal length enlarger lens 30, and field of view enlarger lens 40, mechanical spacers can be used to control it, and aperture plates can be added at the focus of the corresponding lenses to adjust the spot size.

[0064] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the field of view enlarging mirror 40 has a field of view angle of greater than 10°.

[0065] As mentioned above, for the field of view enlarger mirror 40, according to the optical formula tanw=y / f, the field of view angle of the field of view enlarger mirror 40 increases. When the focal length of the field of view enlarger mirror 40 remains unchanged, the imaging of the field of view enlarger mirror 40 increases. Therefore, the field of view angle of the field of view enlarger mirror 40 can be increased. For example, the field of view angle of the field of view enlarger mirror 40 can be increased from 5° to more than 10°, which can comprehensively increase the image height by more than 2 times, thereby obtaining a larger image.

[0066] In some other embodiments, according to the optical formula tanw=y / f, when the field of view angle of the field of view enlarger mirror 40 is determined, the imaging size of the field of view enlarger mirror 40 can also be increased by increasing the focal length of the field of view enlarger mirror 40.

[0067] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the aperture of the focal length enlarging mirror 30 is 2.8 mm to 3.8 mm, and the field of view enlarging mirror 40 has a field of view angle of more than 10°.

[0068] According to the optical formula F = f / D, if the aperture of the focal length enlarging mirror 30 is a constant, then the larger the aperture of the focal length enlarging mirror 30, the larger the focal length of the focal length enlarging mirror 30. As the focal length of the focal length enlarging mirror 30 increases, the image formed by the focal length enlarging mirror 30 becomes larger, and the field of view of the field of view enlarging mirror 40 becomes larger. Furthermore, according to the optical formula tanw = y / f, if the focal length of the field of view enlarging mirror 40 remains unchanged, the field of view angle of the field of view enlarging mirror 40 increases, and the image formed by the field of view enlarging mirror 40 becomes larger. Therefore, in this embodiment, the aperture of the focal length enlarging mirror 30 is configured to be 2.8 mm to 3.8 mm, and the field of view angle of the field of view enlarging mirror 40 is configured to be greater than 10°. This allows the focal length enlarging mirror 30 and the field of view enlarging mirror 40 to cooperate and form an imaging magnification system, thereby increasing the image size of the endoscope 100.

[0069] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the focal length of the focal length increasing lens 30 is 5-8 mm.

[0070] Since the larger the focal length of the focal length enlarging mirror 30, the larger the image of the focal length enlarging mirror 30, in this embodiment, the focal length of the focal length enlarging mirror 30 is specifically configured to be 5~8mm to ensure that the image of the focal length enlarging mirror 30 is enlarged, the field of view entering the field of view enlarging mirror 40 becomes larger, and cooperates with the field of view enlarging mirror 40 to increase the image size of the endoscope 100.

[0071] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the field angle of the objective lens 10 is 40°±15°.

[0072] The larger the field of view angle of the objective lens 10, the more conducive it is to increasing the imaging size of the endoscope 100. In this embodiment, the field of view angle of the objective lens 10 is configured to 40°±15° to ensure that under the field of view angle configuration of the objective lens 10, the imaging size of the endoscope 100 is increased by increasing the light aperture of the focal length enlarging mirror 30 to increase the focal length of the focal length enlarging mirror 30 and increasing the field of view angle of the field enlarging mirror 40.

[0073] Secondly, the embodiments of the present application also provide an integrated imaging system that can effectively increase the imaging size of the endoscope 100.

[0074] like Figure 1As shown, the integrated imaging system provided in the embodiment of the present application may include: The endoscope 100 , the adapter lens 50 and the 2D camera unit, the endoscope 100 is any of the endoscopes 100 described in the embodiments of the present application.

[0075] The switching lens 50 is arranged on the image side of the field of view enlarger mirror 40 to transmit the output light of the field of view enlarger mirror 40 to the 2D camera unit; the 2D camera unit is arranged on the image side of the switching lens 50 to receive the output light of the switching lens 50 and form an image.

[0076] The spot diameter of the exit pupil formed by the objective lens 10 , the relay lens 20 , the focal length enlarging lens 30 , and the field of view enlarging lens 40 is smaller than or equal to the spot diameter of the entrance pupil formed by the adapter lens 50 .

[0077] The entrance pupil is the image formed by the aperture stop of the optical system in the object space of the optical system. It is the effective aperture in the optical system that limits the incident light beam. The position and diameter of the entrance pupil represent the position and diameter of the incident light beam. The exit pupil is the image formed by the aperture stop of the optical system in the image space of the optical system. It is the effective aperture in the optical system that limits the exit light beam. The position and diameter of the exit pupil represent the position and diameter of the exit light beam. The aperture stop refers to the stop that limits the most light beams in the optical system. The optical system here may include one or more optical elements. For example, the objective lens 10, relay lens 20, focal length enlarger lens 30, and field of view enlarger lens 40 in this embodiment may constitute an optical system and form corresponding entrance and exit pupils. The transfer lens 50 in this embodiment constitutes another optical system and forms corresponding entrance and exit pupils.

[0078] In this embodiment, the adapter lens 50 can be connected to the field of view enlarger lens 40, such as Figure 4 As shown, the transfer lens 50 includes a first transfer lens 51 , a second transfer lens 52 , a third transfer lens 53 , and a fourth transfer lens 54 in sequence from the object side to the image side along the optical axis.

[0079] The first transfer lens 51 is a lens with positive optical power. The object side surface of the first transfer lens 51 is convex, and the image side surface is concave. The ratio of the focal length of the first transfer lens 51 to the effective aperture of the object side surface is preferably in the range of (5.10, 6.42). The refractive index of the first transfer lens 51 is preferably less than 1.6.

[0080] The image-side surface of the second transfer lens 52 is cemented to the object-side surface of the third transfer lens 53. The second transfer lens 52 has negative optical power, with a flat object-side surface and a concave image-side surface. The ratio of the focal length of the second transfer lens 52 to the effective aperture of the object-side surface is preferably in the range of (-7.35, 7.94), and the refractive index of the second transfer lens 52 is preferably greater than 1.8. The third transfer lens 53 has positive optical power, with a convex object-side surface and a convex image-side surface. The ratio of the focal length of the third transfer lens 53 to the effective aperture of the object-side surface is preferably in the range of (4.53, 4.06), and the refractive index of the third transfer lens 53 is preferably greater than 1.5.

[0081] The fourth transfer lens 54 is a lens with negative optical power. The object side surface of the fourth transfer lens 54 is concave, and the image side surface is convex. The ratio of the focal length of the fourth transfer lens 54 to the effective aperture of the object side surface is preferably in the range of (-12.15, -8.70), and the refractive index of the fourth transfer lens 54 is preferably greater than 1.84.

[0082] In this embodiment, the spot diameter of the exit pupil formed by the objective lens 10, relay lens 20, focal length enlarger lens 30, and field of view enlarger lens 40 is smaller than or equal to the spot diameter of the entrance pupil formed by the adapter lens 50. The adapter lens 50 can be adjusted forward and backward relative to the field of view enlarger lens 40 along the optical axis to ensure that the spot diameter of the exit pupil of the optical system formed by the objective lens 10, relay lens 20, focal length enlarger lens 30, and field of view enlarger lens 40 is smaller than or equal to the spot diameter of the entrance pupil of the optical system formed by the adapter lens 50. This allows the 2D camera unit to receive the output light from the adapter lens 50 and form a high-resolution 4K or 8K image. The 2D camera unit can use a CCD (charge-coupled device) or a CMOS (complementary metal oxide semiconductor) as an image sensor to image the observed target on the image sensor of the 2D camera unit.

[0083] The integrated imaging system provided in an embodiment of the present application includes an endoscope 100, a transfer lens 50, and a 2D camera unit. The transfer lens 50 is disposed on the image side of the field-of-view enlarger lens 40 to transmit the light emitted by the field-of-view enlarger lens 40 to the 2D camera unit. The 2D camera unit is disposed on the image side of the transfer lens 50 to receive the light emitted by the transfer lens 50 and form an image. The diameter of the light spot of the exit pupil formed by the objective lens 10, the relay lens 20, the focal length enlarger lens 30, and the field-of-view enlarger lens 40 is smaller than or equal to the diameter of the light spot of the entrance pupil formed by the transfer lens 50. The endoscope 100 of the integrated imaging system includes an objective lens 10, a relay lens 20, a focal length enlarger 30, and a field of view enlarger 40; the objective lens 10 is arranged at the first end of the endoscope 100 to receive light incident from the observation target; the relay lens 20 is arranged on the image side of the objective lens 10 to transmit the output light of the objective lens 10 to the focal length enlarger 30; the focal length enlarger 30 is arranged on the image side of the relay lens 20 to receive the output light of the relay lens 20; the field of view enlarger 40 is arranged at the second end of the endoscope 100 and is located on the image side of the focal length enlarger 30 to receive the output light of the focal length enlarger 30; wherein the light clearance diameter of the relay lens 20 is smaller than the light clearance diameter of the focal length enlarger 30, which can avoid increasing the outer diameter of the endoscope 100 and utilize the focal length enlarger 30 and the field of view enlarger 40 to increase the imaging size of the endoscope 100.

[0084] Thirdly, the embodiments of the present application also provide an integrated imaging system that can effectively increase the imaging size of the endoscope 100.

[0085] like Figure 5 As shown, the integrated imaging system provided in the embodiment of the present application may include: an endoscope 100, a conversion lens 50 and a 3D camera unit. The endoscope 100 is the endoscope 100 described in any one of the embodiments of the present application.

[0086] The adapter lens 50 is arranged on the image side of the field of view enlarger mirror 40 to transmit the output light of the field of view enlarger mirror 40 to the 3D camera unit. The adapter lens 50 includes a first adapter lens 50A and a second adapter lens 50B; the 3D camera unit includes at least a first imaging element and a second imaging element, the first imaging element is arranged on the image side of the first adapter lens 50A to receive the output light of the first adapter lens 50A and generate a first image; the second imaging element is arranged on the image side of the second adapter lens 50B to receive the output light of the second adapter lens 50B and generate a second image; wherein, the spot diameter of the exit pupil formed by the objective lens 10, the relay lens 20, the focal length enlarger 30, and the field of view enlarger mirror 40 is greater than or equal to the sum of the spot diameters of the entrance pupil formed by the first adapter lens 50A and the spot diameters of the entrance pupil formed by the second adapter lens 50B.

[0087] In this embodiment, the first transfer lens 50A and the second transfer lens 50B can be arranged in parallel, and the structure of the first transfer lens 50A or the lenses included therein, and the structure of the second transfer lens 50B or the lenses included therein can be the same as or similar to the transfer lenses in the integrated imaging system provided in the second aspect above.

[0088] In this embodiment, the outer diameters of the lenses of the relay lens 20 are consistent, and the clear apertures of the lenses of the relay lens 20 are smaller than the clear apertures of the focal length enlarger 30. The spot diameter of the exit pupil formed by the objective lens 10, the relay lens 20, the focal length enlarger 30, and the field of view enlarger 40 is greater than or equal to the sum of the spot diameters of the entrance pupil formed by the first adapter lens 50A and the spot diameters of the entrance pupil formed by the second adapter lens 50B. The clear aperture of the first adapter lens 50A is within the spot range of the exit light of the optical system formed by the objective lens 10, the relay lens 20, the focal length enlarger 30, and the field of view enlarger 40. The clear aperture of the second adapter lens 50B is also within the spot range of the exit light of the optical system formed by the objective lens 10, the relay lens 20, the focal length enlarger 30, and the field of view enlarger 40. The switching lens 50 can be adjusted forward and backward relative to the field of view enlarger 40 along the optical axis to ensure that the spot diameter of the exit pupil of the optical system composed of the objective lens 10, the relay lens 20, the focal length enlarger 30, and the field of view enlarger 40 is greater than or equal to the sum of the spot diameters of the entrance pupil of the optical system composed of the first switching lens 50A and the spot diameters of the entrance pupil of the optical system composed of the second switching lens 50B, so that the first camera element of the 3D camera unit receives the light beam transmitted by the first switching lens 50A, and the second camera element receives the light beam transmitted by the second switching lens 50B. The first camera element of the 3D camera unit may include a first image sensor, and the second camera element may include a second image sensor. The first image sensor and the second image sensor may also use CCD or CMOS. In this way, a first image of the observed target can be formed on the first image sensor and a second image can be formed on the second image sensor, and a 3D image can be formed based on the first image and the second image.

[0089] An embodiment of the present application provides an integrated imaging system, including an endoscope 100, a switching lens 50 and a 3D camera unit; the switching lens 50 is arranged on the image side of the field of view enlarger lens 40 to transmit the output light of the field of view enlarger lens 40 to the 3D camera unit, and the switching lens 50 includes a first switching lens 50A and a second switching lens 50B; the 3D camera unit includes at least a first imaging element and a second imaging element, the first imaging element is arranged on the image side of the first switching lens 50A to receive the output light of the first switching lens 50A and generate a first image; the second imaging element is arranged on the image side of the second switching lens 50B to receive the output light of the second switching lens 50B and generate a second image; wherein the spot diameter of the exit pupil formed by the objective lens 10, the relay lens 20, the focal length enlarging lens 30 and the field of view enlarging lens 40 is greater than or equal to the sum of the spot diameters of the entrance pupil formed by the first switching lens 50A and the spot diameters of the entrance pupil formed by the second switching lens 50B. The endoscope 100 of the integrated imaging system includes an objective lens 10, a relay lens 20, a focal length enlarger 30, and a field of view enlarger 40; the objective lens 10 is arranged at the first end of the endoscope 100 to receive light incident from the observation target; the relay lens 20 is arranged on the image side of the objective lens 10 to transmit the output light of the objective lens 10 to the focal length enlarger 30; the focal length enlarger 30 is arranged on the image side of the relay lens 20 to receive the output light of the relay lens 20; the field of view enlarger 40 is arranged at the second end of the endoscope 100 and is located on the image side of the focal length enlarger 30 to receive the output light of the focal length enlarger 30; wherein the light clearance diameter of the relay lens 20 is smaller than the light clearance diameter of the focal length enlarger 30, which can avoid increasing the outer diameter of the endoscope 100 and utilize the focal length enlarger 30 and the field of view enlarger 40 to increase the imaging size of the endoscope 100.

[0090] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connection" can be a detachable connection or a non-detachable connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Among them, "fixed connection" means that the two are connected to each other and the relative position relationship after connection remains unchanged. The directional terms mentioned in the embodiments of the present application, such as "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", etc., are only reference to the directions of the accompanying drawings. Therefore, the directional terms used are for better and clearer explanation and understanding of the embodiments of the present application, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of the present application. "Multiple" means at least two.

[0091] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "first," "second," "third," and "fourth" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature specified as "first," "second," "third," or "fourth" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0092] In the embodiments of this application, "and / or" is simply a description of the association relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the related objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0093] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" in this specification mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiment is included in one or more embodiments of the present application. Thus, phrases such as "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in some other embodiments," and "in another embodiment" appearing in various places in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more but not all embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "including," "comprising," "having," and variations thereof all mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0094] The above content has briefly described the embodiments of the present application in detail. Those skilled in the art can design and modify the device and its usage within the scope of the present application according to the on-site construction conditions.

[0095] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a related manner. The same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.

[0096] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A variable outer diameter optical rigid endoscope, characterized in that: include: an objective lens disposed at the first end of the endoscope to receive light incident from an observation target; a relay lens, the relay lens being arranged on the image side of the objective lens to transmit the output light of the objective lens to the focal length increasing lens; A focal length increasing mirror, the focal length increasing mirror being arranged on the image side of the relay mirror to receive the output light of the relay mirror; A field of view enlargement mirror, the field of view enlargement mirror is provided at the second end of the endoscope and is located on the image side of the focal length enlargement mirror to receive the output light of the focal length enlargement mirror; Wherein, the light-clearing aperture of the relay lens is smaller than the light-clearing aperture of the focal length increasing lens.

2. The endoscope according to claim 1, wherein: The outer diameter of the relay lens is equal to the outer diameter of the focal length increasing lens; or The outer diameter of the relay lens is smaller than the outer diameter of the focal length increasing lens.

3. The endoscope according to claim 1, wherein: The objective lens has a clear aperture of 1.0 to 2.8 mm; and / or The relay lens has a clear aperture of 1.0 to 2.8 mm; and / or The focal length increasing lens has a clear aperture of 2.8 mm to 3.8 mm; and / or The aperture of the field-of-view enlarger is 2.8 mm to 3.8 mm.

4. The endoscope according to claim 1, wherein The field of view angle of the field-enhancing mirror is greater than 10°.

5. The endoscope according to claim 1, wherein The aperture of the focal length enlarging mirror is 2.8mm~3.8mm, and the field of view enlarging mirror has a field of view angle of more than 10°.

6. The endoscope according to claim 1, wherein The focal length of the focal length increasing lens is 5-8 mm.

7. The endoscope according to claim 1, wherein The field angle of the objective lens is 40°±15°.

8. The endoscope according to claim 1, wherein: The variable outer diameter optical rigid endoscope is a laryngeal endoscope or a laparoscope.

9. The endoscope according to claim 8, wherein: The outer diameter of the laryngeal endoscope is 3.8-4.5 mm; and / or the outer diameter of the laparoscope is 5-6 mm.

10. The endoscope according to claim 1, wherein The objective lens comprises a front objective lens group and a rear objective lens group in sequence from the object side to the image side; the optical focal power of the front objective lens group is negative, and the optical focal power of the rear objective lens group is positive.

11. The endoscope according to claim 10, wherein: The front objective lens group includes a first objective lens, and the optical power of the first objective lens is negative; The rear objective lens group includes a first objective lens group, a second objective lens group, a third objective lens group, and a fourth objective lens group in sequence from the object side to the image side; The first objective lens group includes, from the object side to the image side, a second objective lens and a third objective lens glued together; the second objective lens is a flat lens; the optical power of the third objective lens is positive; The second objective lens group includes, from the object side to the image side, a fourth objective lens and a fifth objective lens glued together; the optical power of the fourth objective lens is positive; the optical power of the fifth objective lens is negative; The third objective lens group includes, from the object side to the image side, a sixth objective lens and a seventh objective lens glued together; The optical power of the sixth objective lens is negative; the optical power of the seventh objective lens is positive; The fourth objective lens group includes, from the object side to the image side, an eighth objective lens and a ninth objective lens glued together; the optical focal power of the eighth objective lens is negative; and the optical focal power of the ninth objective lens is negative.

12. The endoscope according to claim 11, wherein: The object side surface of the first objective lens is a flat surface, and the image side surface is a concave surface; The object side surface of the second objective lens is a plane surface, and the image side surface is a plane surface; the object side surface of the third objective lens is a plane surface, and the image side surface is a convex surface; The object side surface of the fourth objective lens is concave, and the image side surface is convex; the object side surface of the fifth objective lens is concave, and the image side surface is concave; The object side surface of the sixth objective lens is convex, and the image side surface is concave; the object side surface of the seventh objective lens is convex, and the image side surface is convex; The object side surface and the image side surface of the eighth objective lens are concave; the object side surface and the image side surface of the ninth objective lens are concave.

13. The endoscope according to claim 11, wherein The ratio of the focal length of the first objective lens to the effective aperture of the object side surface of the first objective lens is in the range of (-5.20, -3.90), and the refractive index of the first objective lens is greater than 1.7; The ratio of the focal length of the third objective lens to the effective aperture of the object side surface of the third objective lens is in the range of (10.85, 9.70), and the refractive index of the third objective lens is less than 1.5; The ratio of the focal length of the fourth objective lens to the effective aperture of the object side surface of the fourth objective lens is in the range of (5.95, 7.20), and the refractive index of the fourth objective lens is greater than 1.8; The ratio of the focal length of the fifth objective lens to the effective aperture of the object side surface of the fifth objective lens is in the range of (-6.15, -6.90), and the refractive index of the fifth objective lens is greater than 1.78; The ratio of the focal length of the sixth objective lens to the effective aperture of the object side surface of the sixth objective lens is in the range of (-4.40, -3.90), and the refractive index of the sixth objective lens is greater than 1.68; The ratio of the focal length of the seventh objective lens to the effective aperture of the object side surface of the seventh objective lens is in the range of (3.85, 3.97), and the refractive index of the seventh objective lens is less than 1.51; The ratio of the focal length of the eighth objective lens to the effective aperture of the object side surface of the eighth objective lens is in the range of (6.80, 5.90), and the refractive index of the eighth objective lens is greater than 1.75; The ratio of the focal length of the ninth objective lens to the effective aperture of the object side surface of the ninth objective lens is in the range of (5.90, 7.85), and the refractive index of the ninth objective lens is less than 1.

60.

14. The endoscope according to claim 1, wherein The objective lens is made of flint material.

15. The endoscope according to claim 1, wherein The relay lens and / or the focal length increasing lens each include at least one rod lens group, wherein the rod lens group includes two rod lenses, and the rod lenses include a first lens, a second lens, and a third lens glued together in sequence; The optical power of the first lens is negative; the optical power of the second lens is positive; the optical power of the third lens is negative; the object-side surface of the first lens is convex and the image-side surface is concave; the object-side surface of the second lens is convex and the image-side surface is convex; the object-side surface of the third lens is concave and the image-side surface is convex.

16. The endoscope according to claim 15, characterized in that The ratio of the focal length of the first lens to the effective aperture of the object-side surface of the first lens is in the range of (-3.75, -3.40), and the refractive index of the first lens is greater than 1.8; The ratio of the focal length of the second lens to the effective aperture of the object-side surface of the second lens is in the range of (2.95, 2.72), and the refractive index of the second lens is less than 1.45; The ratio of the focal length of the third lens to the effective aperture of the object side surface of the third lens is in the range of (-3.75, -3.40), and the refractive index of the third lens is greater than 1.

8.

17. An integrated imaging system, characterized in that: include: An endoscope, a switching lens, and a 2D camera unit, wherein the endoscope is the endoscope according to any one of claims 1 to 16; The transfer lens is arranged on the image side of the field of view enlargement mirror to transmit the output light of the field of view enlargement mirror to the 2D camera unit; the 2D camera unit is arranged on the image side of the transfer lens to receive the output light of the transfer lens and form an image; The diameter of the light spot of the exit pupil formed by the objective lens, the relay lens, the focal length increasing lens, and the field of view increasing lens is smaller than or equal to the diameter of the light spot of the entrance pupil formed by the adapter lens.

18. The integrated imaging system according to claim 17, wherein: The transfer lens includes a first transfer lens, a second transfer lens, a third transfer lens, and a fourth transfer lens in sequence from the object side to the image side; The optical power of the first transfer lens is positive; the optical power of the second transfer lens is negative; The optical focal length of the third transfer lens is positive; the optical focal length of the fourth transfer lens is negative; the object side surface of the first transfer lens is convex and the image side surface is concave; the object side surface of the second transfer lens is flat and the image side surface is concave; the object side surface of the third transfer lens is convex and the image side surface is convex; the object side surface of the fourth transfer lens is concave and the image side surface is convex.

19. The integrated imaging system according to claim 18, wherein: The ratio of the focal length of the first transfer lens to the effective aperture of the object-side surface of the first transfer lens is in the range of (5.10, 6.42), and the refractive index of the first transfer lens is less than 1.6; The ratio of the focal length of the second transfer lens to the effective aperture of the object-side surface of the second transfer lens is in the range of (-7.35, 7.94), and the refractive index of the second transfer lens is greater than 1.8; The ratio of the focal length of the third transfer lens to the effective aperture of the object-side surface of the third transfer lens is in the range of (4.53, 4.06), and the refractive index of the third transfer lens is greater than 1.5; The ratio of the focal length of the fourth transfer lens to the effective aperture of the object-side surface of the fourth transfer lens is in the range of (-12.15, -8.70), and the refractive index of the fourth transfer lens is greater than 1.

84.

20. An integrated imaging system, characterized in that: include: An endoscope, a switching lens, and a 3D camera unit, wherein the endoscope is the endoscope according to any one of claims 1 to 16; The adapter lens is arranged on the image side of the field of view enlargement lens to transmit the output light of the field of view enlargement lens to the 3D camera unit, and the adapter lens includes a first adapter lens and a second adapter lens; the 3D camera unit includes at least a first imaging element and a second imaging element, the first imaging element is arranged on the image side of the first adapter lens to receive the output light of the first adapter lens and generate a first image; the second imaging element is arranged on the image side of the second adapter lens to receive the output light of the second adapter lens and generate a second image; The spot diameter of the exit pupil formed by the objective lens, the relay lens, the focal length enlarger lens, and the field of view enlarger lens is greater than or equal to the sum of the spot diameters of the entrance pupil formed by the first adapter lens and the spot diameters of the entrance pupil formed by the second adapter lens.

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