Method and system for evaluating green low-carbon level of interconnected power system based on standardized power-carbon model

Abstract

The invention discloses an interconnected power system green low-carbon level evaluation method and system based on a standardized electric carbon model. The method comprises the following steps: constructing a standard node based on an evaluation boundary; determining key factors of each link of the power chain and the right chain influencing the evaluation result; other key factors influencing the evaluation result are determined, and a standard node model is constructed; constructing an inter-node electric quantity interaction matrix and an inter-node green right transfer matrix, and completing the construction of a standardized electricity-carbon fusion model; key factors influencing monitoring evaluation are determined, and evaluation requirements are determined; evaluating related indexes of the interconnected power system based on the calculation model, and completing evaluation; the electricity-carbon fusion model can be expanded and updated in real time along with continuous contraction of carbon emission constraints, and monitoring and evaluation of the green low-carbon level of the interconnected power system in any region, any time and any space granularity can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a green and low-carbon level assessment method and system, and in particular to a green and low-carbon level assessment method and system for an interconnected power system based on a standardized electric carbon model. Background Art

[0002] Currently, constraints on carbon emissions are becoming increasingly stringent both domestically and internationally, and relevant policy mechanisms are constantly being updated. The key to green and low-carbon assessments of interconnected power systems lies in the increasing reliability of indicators, requiring detailed temporal and spatial granularity for accurate assessments. While carbon emission assessment methods at the source-load facility level are relatively mature and widely recognized internationally, there is a lack of unified international standard methods for grid-side system-level assessments.

[0003] The crux of the matter lies in the complex and ever-changing energy, information, and behavioral flows, as well as the carbon footprint transmission mechanisms, across different levels (e.g., national, regional, provincial, and municipal) and across different business areas (planning, operations, trading, and marketing). Furthermore, numerous factors (including informational, physical, and social dimensions) influence the spatiotemporal variations in a system's green and low-carbon attributes, and these mechanisms are yet to be fully understood and clearly articulated. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for evaluating the green and low-carbon level of interconnected power systems based on a standardized electric carbon model to realize the monitoring and evaluation of the green and low-carbon level of interconnected power systems in any region, any time and space granularity. On the other hand, a method system for evaluating the green and low-carbon level of interconnected power systems based on a standardized electric carbon model is provided.

[0005] Technical solution: A method for assessing the green and low-carbon level of interconnected power systems based on a standardized electricity-carbon model, including the following steps:

[0006] Based on the evaluation purpose and the actual situation of the interconnected power system coverage area, the evaluation boundary of the power system is divided, and the standard nodes are constructed based on the evaluation boundary;

[0007] Identify key factors in different links of the equity chain and power chain that need to be considered during the assessment process, as well as other key factors;

[0008] Combining the standard nodes with the key factors, constructing a standard node model;

[0009] Based on the physical topology of each standard node and the interaction between electrical quantities and green equity quantities, a standard node electrical quantity interaction matrix and a node green equity transfer matrix are constructed;

[0010] Combining the standard node model, electricity interaction matrix and green equity transfer matrix, a standardized electricity-carbon fusion model is constructed;

[0011] Determine the key factors affecting the assessment and the assessment needs based on the assessment purpose and actual situation;

[0012] Collect the data required for the assessment, calculate and assess the green and low-carbon levels of each power system in the interconnected power system based on the standardized electricity-carbon fusion model, and derive the results to complete the assessment.

[0013] Preferably, if the assessment purpose is to assess the carbon emission intensity of power systems in various regions, the assessment boundaries of each power system are divided according to local boundaries;

[0014] If the actual situation of the interconnected power grid coverage area is that the actual topology of the power grid has clear physical isolation, the assessment boundaries of each power system are divided according to the physical boundaries of the power grid;

[0015] If the interconnected power grid area is actually under the jurisdiction of multiple power grid companies, the assessment boundaries of each power system are divided according to the jurisdiction boundaries of the power grid companies;

[0016] The standard nodes represent the power system to be evaluated, including power grids at all levels, substations or power systems of different spatial scales in substation areas.

[0017] Preferably, the different links of the power chain include the source side, the transmission grid side, the distribution grid side and the load side;

[0018] Key factors on the source side include the amount of electricity generated or connected to the grid at each power station;

[0019] Key factors on the transmission and distribution sides include the amount of electricity received from other external systems, the amount of electricity sent out by the power system, and the amount of electricity lost during transmission within the power system.

[0020] The key factors on the load side include the power consumption of the power system terminals and the surplus power connected to the grid. The surplus power connected to the grid represents the power supply held by the terminals within the power system, and the remaining power is sent to the grid by the thermal power units of the self-owned power plants, wind turbines or distributed photovoltaic power generation.

[0021] Preferably, the different links of the equity chain include intra-system and inter-system;

[0022] The key factor within the system is the internal transfer of green equity, which represents the green electricity sold or purchased by source-side and load-side entities within the coverage of the power system through green electricity trading and green certificate trading markets;

[0023] The key factors between systems include incoming green rights and outgoing green rights. The incoming green rights represent the green electricity sold or purchased by entities within the coverage of the power system through green electricity trading and green certificate trading markets. The outgoing green rights represent the green electricity sold by entities within the power system to outside the system through green electricity trading and green certificate trading markets.

[0024] Preferably, the standard node model includes electricity variables, equity variables, carbon emission variables, and carbon emission reduction variables; the electricity variables include incoming electricity, power plant injection electricity, load surplus online electricity, load power consumption, and outgoing electricity; the equity variables include incoming green equity, outgoing green equity, and internal green equity transfer; the carbon emission variables include power generation carbon emissions and incoming electricity carbon emissions; the carbon emission reduction variables include carbon capture; the power generation carbon emissions represent the direct carbon emissions within the power system, and the carbon capture represents the carbon capture of thermal power units equipped with carbon capture and storage (CCS) devices within the power system;

[0025] The standard node model formula is as follows:

[0026]

[0027] in, represents the load power consumption within the coverage area of ​​regional power grid i, represents the power generation within the coverage area of ​​regional grid i, represents the total amount of electricity received by regional power grid i, represents the power loss of regional power grid i, represents the total power output of regional power grid i, It represents the load-side surplus on-grid power within the coverage of regional power grid i;

[0028] E i represents the carbon emissions of power supply of regional power grid i, represents the direct carbon emissions from power generation within the coverage area of ​​regional power grid i, represents the indirect carbon emissions from the electricity received by regional power grid i, represents the carbon emissions of electricity delivered by regional power grid i, represents the carbon capture capacity of thermal power units with CCS installations within the coverage area of ​​regional power grid i;

[0029] represents the green equity of regional power grid i, represents the green equity generated by green electricity generation within the coverage of regional grid i, represents the green equity of the electricity received by regional power grid i, represents the amount of green equity transferred from regional power grid i to outside the region, It represents the amount of green equity transferred within regional power grid i.

[0030] Preferably, the power interaction matrix is ​​a square matrix formed based on the power transmission direction and power of all tie lines in a certain section of the interconnected power system; the rows of the power interaction matrix represent the sending power system, the columns represent the receiving power system, the positive and negative values ​​of the elements represent the direction of power transmission, all elements are non-negative numbers, and the diagonal elements are always 0; whether the received power needs to be processed as net power is determined according to the evaluation requirements;

[0031] The green equity transfer matrix is ​​a square matrix formed according to the direction and amount of green equity transmission between different systems in a certain section of the interconnected power system; green equity is divided into green electricity equity and green certificate equity according to the source of the equity, and is divided into intra-system equity transfer and inter-system equity transfer according to the scope of the transfer; the rows of the green equity transfer matrix represent the sending equity system, and the columns represent the receiving equity system. The positive and negative elements of the elements indicate the direction of the equity transfer, and the diagonal elements are not always 0; whether the equity transfer needs to be processed as a net transfer amount is determined according to the assessment requirements.

[0032] Preferably, determining the evaluation requirements includes:

[0033] Determine the assessment boundaries, time granularity, and spatial granularity based on the assessment purpose and actual situation;

[0034] Select the assessment scope of carbon emissions in the power system assessment, which includes direct carbon emissions from power generation, indirect carbon emissions from power generation and secondary energy consumption, and all direct and indirect carbon emissions over the entire life cycle of the power system;

[0035] Whether to assess greenhouse gases other than carbon dioxide depends on whether the power system to be assessed can monitor emissions of greenhouse gases other than carbon dioxide;

[0036] Based on the various links of the power chain, equity chain and other key factors that need to be considered in the evaluation process, select a method for considering equity, including only considering equity receipt or considering equity delivery and receipt;

[0037] Whether to consider the amount of carbon captured by natural carbon sinks and direct air carbon capture and storage (DACS) depends on the assessment objectives and whether the power system has invested in natural carbon sinks and DACS.

[0038] Identify assessment needs.

[0039] The green and low-carbon level assessment system for interconnected power systems based on a standardized electric carbon model according to the present invention comprises:

[0040] Boundary division and node construction module, used to divide the power system assessment boundary and construct standard nodes according to the assessment objectives and the characteristics of the power system coverage area;

[0041] Key factor analysis module, used to determine the key factors of each link in the equity chain and power chain that affect the evaluation results;

[0042] Build a model module to build a standardized node model and a standardized electricity-carbon fusion model;

[0043] The matrix construction module is used to construct the inter-node electricity interaction matrix and the inter-node green equity transfer matrix based on the physical topology of each node and the interaction between the electrical quantity and the green equity quantity;

[0044] The multi-scenario evaluation module is used to select the evaluation model according to the target scenario, calculate the relevant indicators of the power system, and complete the evaluation.

[0045] A computer device comprising one or more processors, a memory, and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors, and when the programs are executed by the processors, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

[0046] A computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program thereon, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

[0047] Beneficial effects: Compared with the existing technology, the present invention has the following significant advantages: 1. By constructing an electricity-carbon fusion model, the monitoring and evaluation of the green and low-carbon level of the interconnected power system in any region and at any time and space granularity can be realized, and it can be expanded and updated in real time as the carbon emission constraints continue to shrink; 2. By constructing a standard node model with good flexibility, an electricity-carbon fusion model is built based on the standard node model. When the evaluation of the green and low-carbon level of the interconnected power system puts forward new requirements, it is possible to continue to stack matrices or other forms of expression on the basis of the existing electricity-carbon fusion model, thereby supporting customized requirements for actual different evaluations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the process of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the interconnected power system of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the standardized electric-carbon fusion model of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0052] A method for evaluating the green and low-carbon level of an interconnected power system based on a standardized electricity-carbon model includes the following steps:

[0053] S1. Build a standard node.

[0054] The assessment boundaries of each system are divided according to the purpose of the assessment work and the actual situation of the interconnected power grid coverage area.

[0055] If it is necessary to evaluate the carbon emission intensity of power grids in various provinces in my country, the evaluation boundaries of each power system can be divided according to administrative boundaries; if the actual topological structure of the power grid of the interconnected power system has clear physical isolation, the evaluation boundaries of each power system can be divided according to the physical boundaries of the power grid; if the interconnected power system to be evaluated is jointly governed by multiple power grid companies, for example, the State Grid Corporation of China and the China Southern Power Grid Corporation jointly govern the area covered by the China Power Grid, the evaluation boundaries of each power system can be divided according to the jurisdiction boundaries of the power grid companies.

[0056] The standard evaluation node represents the object system to be evaluated. Therefore, the standard node can be a national power grid (such as State Grid Corporation of China), a regional power grid (such as the East China Power Grid), a provincial power grid (such as the Jiangsu Power Grid), a municipal power grid (such as the Shijiazhuang Power Grid), a substation, a substation area, and other power systems of different spatial scales.

[0057] S2. Based on the mandatory enforcement mechanism of the power industry, determine the key factors that need to be considered in the evaluation process in different links of the power chain (source side, transmission side, distribution side and load side).

[0058] The amount of electricity injected by the power plant on the source side represents the power generation or online power of various types of power plants on the source side within the coverage of the system. my country calculates the carbon dioxide emission intensity of the power system based on the power generation of power plants, so it is the power generation of power plants; various types of power plants include thermal power plants (coal-fired, gas-fired, oil-fired, biomass), wind and solar new energy plants (stations), nuclear power plants and hydropower plants.

[0059] The amount of electricity received by the transmission and distribution network sides represents the amount of electricity received by other external systems; the amount of electricity delivered represents the amount of electricity delivered by the system to other external systems; the amount of electricity lost represents the amount of electricity lost during the transmission process within the power system. If the standard node is a provincial power grid, it is the amount of electricity lost in the transmission and distribution of the provincial power grid; if it is a substation, it is the amount of electricity lost by the substation.

[0060] The load-side electricity consumption refers to the electricity consumption of end users within the coverage of the power system; the surplus power on-grid represents the on-grid electricity of the power generation facilities held by users in the system, which not only supplies electricity to the users themselves but also sends the surplus power to the power grid. The power generation facilities include grid-connected self-owned power plant thermal power units, wind turbines, distributed photovoltaics, etc.

[0061] S3. Based on the existing market mechanism, determine the key factors of different links in the equity chain (within the system and between systems) that need to be considered during the evaluation process.

[0062] The internal transfer of green rights and interests within the system represents the green electricity sold and purchased by source-side and load-side entities within the coverage of the power system through market channels such as green electricity trading and green certificate trading.

[0063] The transfer of green rights between systems refers to the green electricity outside the system purchased by entities within the coverage of the power system through market channels such as green electricity trading and green certificate trading; the transfer of green rights refers to the green electricity sold to outside the system by entities within the power system through market channels such as green electricity trading and green certificate trading.

[0064] S4. Based on the key factors of each link in the power chain, the key factors of each link in the equity chain and other influencing factors identified during the assessment process, a standard node model is constructed.

[0065] The standard node model includes electricity variables, equity variables, carbon emission variables, and carbon emission reduction variables. Among them, electricity variables include incoming electricity, power injected by power plants, load surplus online electricity, load power consumption, and outgoing electricity. Equity variables include incoming green equity, outgoing green equity, and internal green equity transfer. Carbon emission variables include carbon emissions from power generation and carbon emissions from incoming electricity. Carbon emission reduction variables include carbon capture.

[0066] The system's power generation carbon emissions represent the scope 1 direct carbon emissions of the power system. If the standard node is a regional power grid, it refers to the direct carbon emissions from power generation of all thermal power plants within the coverage of the regional power grid. If it is a provincial power grid, it refers to the direct carbon emissions from power generation of thermal power plants within the coverage of the provincial power grid. If it is a municipal power grid, it refers to the direct carbon emissions from power generation of thermal power plants within the coverage of the municipal power grid. If it is a substation, it refers to the direct carbon emissions from power generation of thermal power units connected to the substation. The carbon capture amount refers to the carbon capture amount of thermal power units equipped with Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) devices in the power system.

[0067] The equilibrium model of the standard node model is expressed as follows:

[0068]

[0069] in, represents the load power consumption within the coverage area of ​​regional power grid i (MWh), represents the power generation within the coverage area of ​​regional grid i (MWh), represents the total amount of electricity received by regional power grid i (MWh), represents the power loss of regional power grid i (MWh), represents the total power output of regional power grid i (MWh), It represents the load-side surplus on-grid electricity within the coverage area of ​​regional power grid i (MWh);

[0070]

[0071] Among them, E i represents the carbon emissions of power supply of regional power grid i (tCO2), represents the direct carbon emissions from power generation within the coverage area of ​​regional grid i (tCO2), represents the indirect carbon emissions (tCO2) from the electricity received by regional power grid i, represents the carbon emissions of electricity delivered by regional power grid i (tCO2), represents the carbon capture capacity (tCO2) of thermal power units with CCS installations within the coverage area of ​​regional grid i;

[0072]

[0073] in, represents the green equity of regional power grid i, represents the green equity generated by green electricity generation within the coverage of regional grid i, represents the green equity of the electricity received by regional power grid i, represents the amount of green equity transferred from regional power grid i to outside the region, It represents the amount of green equity transferred within regional power grid i.

[0074] A standard node model is constructed by combining all currently known factors that affect the green and low-carbon level assessment of power systems. This model has good universality and flexibility and can adapt to power systems of different spatial scales. Factors of different dimensions can also be flexibly modified as international policies adjust the requirements for carbon emission attribute assessment.

[0075] S5. Build a standardized electricity-carbon fusion model.

[0076] Based on the standard node model of a single evaluation object, a standard node model of all objects to be evaluated in the interconnected power system is constructed. Combined with the electricity exchange matrix and the green equity transfer matrix, a standardized electricity-carbon fusion model for evaluating the green and low-carbon level of the interconnected power system is constructed.

[0077] The power interaction matrix in the fusion model is a square matrix formed based on the power transmission direction and power of all tie lines at a specific section of the interconnected power system. The rows of the matrix represent the power transmission system, and the columns represent the power reception system. The positive and negative values ​​of the elements indicate the power transmission direction. Therefore, all elements in the matrix are non-negative, and the diagonal elements are always 0. Whether the received power needs to be treated as net power is determined based on the assessment requirements.

[0078] The green equity transfer matrix is ​​a square matrix formed based on the direction and amount of green equity transfers between different systems within a specific section of an interconnected power system. Green equity can be divided into green electricity equity and green certificate equity based on the source of the equity. Based on the scope of the transfer, it can be divided into intra-system equity transfers and inter-system equity transfers. The rows of the matrix represent the sending equity system; the columns represent the receiving equity system. The positive or negative sign of the elements indicates the direction of the equity transfer, and the diagonal elements of the matrix are not always zero. Whether the equity transfer should be treated as a net transfer is determined based on the assessment requirements.

[0079] As mandatory policies and regulations continue to shrink, new requirements will be placed on the assessment of the green and low-carbon levels of interconnected power systems, requiring additional considerations. This can be achieved by stacking matrices or other forms of expression on top of the existing electricity-carbon fusion model. This fusion model is also based on the standard node model, which offers considerable flexibility and can therefore be customized to meet specific assessment requirements.

[0080] S6. Based on the assessment purpose and actual physical conditions, select key factors affecting monitoring and assessment and determine assessment needs.

[0081] The evaluation boundary is the standard node coverage range, and then the appropriate time and space granularity is selected based on the actual needs of the evaluation work.

[0082] The spatial granularity can be selected to evaluate the green and low-carbon level of the national power system, the green and low-carbon level of the power systems in major regions of my country, the green and low-carbon level of the power systems in provincial levels of my country, or the green and low-carbon level of the power system in a certain substation.

[0083] The time granularity can be selected to evaluate the green and low-carbon level of the power system on an annual scale, to evaluate the green and low-carbon level of the power system on a daily scale, to evaluate the green and low-carbon level of the power system on an hourly scale, or even to evaluate the green and low-carbon level of the power system on a 15-minute scale.

[0084] Then, based on the purpose of the assessment, select the assessment scope of carbon emissions in the assessment work; you can choose to only consider scope 1 carbon emissions of the power system, that is, direct carbon emissions from power generation; choose to consider scopes 1 and 2 carbon emissions, that is, direct carbon emissions from power generation and indirect carbon emissions from secondary energy intake (such as indirect carbon emissions from electricity intake); or choose to consider scopes 1, 2, and 3 carbon emissions, that is, all direct and indirect carbon emissions included in the entire life cycle of the power system.

[0085] Then, based on whether the power system to be evaluated can actually monitor emissions of greenhouse gases other than carbon dioxide and the evaluation needs, choose whether to evaluate greenhouse gases other than carbon dioxide. If necessary, select the type of greenhouse gas to be evaluated, such as sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), etc.

[0086] According to the evaluation purpose and requirements, select the power chain, equity chain links and other key factors that need to be considered in the evaluation process.

[0087] Based on the selection of these key factors, the source side of the power chain also needs to select a measurement method for centralized power generation carbon emissions, such as the flue gas method, material method, and intensity method, based on the actual situation of the thermal power units and the availability of data.

[0088] The equity chain also needs to select the types of equity to be considered, such as green equity, emission reduction equity, and carbon sequestration equity.

[0089] Based on the evaluation requirements, choose the type of equity to consider, such as issuance volume, trading volume, etc.

[0090] Based on the actual situation of the system and market development, choose the method of considering equity, such as only considering equity received or considering equity sent and received.

[0091] Depending on the purpose of the assessment and whether the system has invested in the construction of natural carbon sinks and direct air carbon capture and storage (DACCS), choose whether to consider the carbon capture capacity of natural carbon sinks and DACCS carbon sinks.

[0092] Finally, based on the purpose of the assessment, green and low-carbon level indicators such as the emissions of the power system, emission intensity and the percentage of power generation of various types of power sources are selected for assessment.

[0093] Among them, emission intensity can be divided into carbon emission intensity of thermal power generation, carbon emission intensity of source-side power generation, carbon emission intensity of grid-side power supply, and carbon emission intensity of load-side power consumption according to the different links in the power chain considered; according to function, it can be divided into average carbon emission intensity and marginal carbon emission intensity. If equity transfer is considered, the remaining mixed carbon emission intensity must also be calculated.

[0094] S7. Collect data, evaluate relevant indicators of the interconnected power system based on the calculation model, and complete the evaluation.

[0095] Based on the customized selection of the assessment, choose the appropriate method to collect all the data on electricity, green, carbon and other dimensions required for the assessment work, and clean up useless data.

[0096] Select the electric-carbon fusion model based on the customized evaluation selection and actual data collection situation.

[0097] Preprocess the data according to the fusion model and evaluation method to obtain appropriate input data.

[0098] Based on the calculation models and methods of different evaluation indicators, the green and low-carbon levels of each power system in the interconnected power system are calculated and evaluated, and the results are exported to complete the evaluation.

[0099] A green and low-carbon level assessment system for interconnected power systems based on a standardized electricity-carbon model, including:

[0100] Boundary division and node construction module, used to divide the power system assessment boundary and construct standard nodes according to the assessment objectives and the characteristics of the power system coverage area;

[0101] Key factor analysis module, used to determine the key factors of each link in the equity chain and power chain that affect the evaluation results;

[0102] Build a model module to build a standardized node model and a standardized electricity-carbon fusion model;

[0103] The matrix construction module is used to construct the inter-node electricity interaction matrix and the inter-node green equity transfer matrix based on the physical topology of each node and the interaction between the electrical quantity and the green equity quantity;

[0104] The multi-scenario evaluation module is used to select the evaluation model according to the target scenario, calculate the relevant indicators of the power system, and complete the evaluation.

[0105] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments of the present application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the application can adopt the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment in combination with software and hardware. Moreover, the application can adopt the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) that contain computer-usable program code. The scheme in the embodiment of the present application can be implemented in various computer languages, for example, object-oriented programming language Java and literal translation scripting language JavaScript, etc.

[0106] The present application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each process and / or box in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of the processes and / or boxes in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the steps in the process. Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0107] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0108] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operational steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable device for implementing the process. Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A step that specifies a function in one or more boxes.

[0109] Although the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, those skilled in the art may make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present application.

[0110] Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of this application fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application is intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the green and low-carbon level of interconnected power systems based on a standardized electric carbon model, characterized in that: include: Based on the evaluation purpose and the actual situation of the interconnected power system coverage area, the evaluation boundary of the power system is divided, and the standard nodes are constructed based on the evaluation boundary; Identify key factors in different links of the equity chain and power chain that need to be considered during the assessment process, as well as other key factors; Combining the standard nodes with the key factors, constructing a standard node model; Based on the physical topology of each standard node and the interaction between electrical quantities and green equity quantities, a standard node electrical quantity interaction matrix and a node green equity transfer matrix are constructed; Combining the standard node model, electricity interaction matrix and green equity transfer matrix, a standardized electricity-carbon fusion model is constructed; Determine the key factors affecting the assessment and the assessment needs based on the assessment purpose and actual situation; Collect the data required for the assessment, calculate and assess the green and low-carbon levels of each power system in the interconnected power system based on the standardized electricity-carbon fusion model, and derive the results to complete the assessment.

2. The green and low-carbon level assessment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: If the assessment purpose is to assess the carbon emission intensity of power systems in various regions, the assessment boundaries of each power system shall be divided according to local boundaries; If the actual situation of the interconnected power grid coverage area is that the actual topology of the power grid has clear physical isolation, the assessment boundaries of each power system are divided according to the physical boundaries of the power grid; If the interconnected power grid area is actually under the jurisdiction of multiple power grid companies, the assessment boundaries of each power system are divided according to the jurisdiction boundaries of the power grid companies; The standard nodes represent the power system to be evaluated, including power grids at all levels, substations or power systems of different spatial scales in substation areas.

3. The green and low-carbon level assessment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The different links of the power chain include the source side, transmission grid side, distribution grid side and load side; Key factors on the source side include the amount of electricity generated or connected to the grid at each power station; Key factors on the transmission and distribution sides include the amount of electricity received from other external systems, the amount of electricity sent out by the power system, and the amount of electricity lost during transmission within the power system. The key factors on the load side include the power consumption of the power system terminals and the surplus power connected to the grid. The surplus power connected to the grid represents the power supply held by the terminals within the power system, and the remaining power is sent to the grid by the thermal power units of the self-owned power plants, wind turbines or distributed photovoltaic power generation.

4. The green and low-carbon level assessment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The different links of the equity chain include intra-system and inter-system; The key factor within the system is the internal transfer of green equity, which represents the green electricity sold or purchased by source-side and load-side entities within the coverage of the power system through green electricity trading and green certificate trading markets; The key factors between systems include incoming green rights and outgoing green rights. The incoming green rights represent the green electricity sold or purchased by entities within the coverage of the power system through green electricity trading and green certificate trading markets. The outgoing green rights represent the green electricity sold by entities within the power system to outside the system through green electricity trading and green certificate trading markets.

5. The green and low-carbon level assessment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The standard node model includes electricity variables, equity variables, carbon emission variables, and carbon emission reduction variables; the electricity variables include incoming electricity, power plant injection electricity, load surplus online electricity, load electricity consumption, and outgoing electricity; the equity variables include incoming green equity, outgoing green equity, and internal green equity transfer; the carbon emission variables include power generation carbon emissions and incoming electricity carbon emissions; the carbon emission reduction variables include carbon capture; the power generation carbon emissions represent the direct carbon emissions within the power system, and the carbon capture represents the carbon capture of thermal power units equipped with carbon capture and storage (CCS) devices within the power system; The standard node model formula is as follows: in, represents the load power consumption within the coverage area of ​​regional power grid i, represents the power generation within the coverage area of ​​regional power grid i, represents the total amount of electricity received by regional power grid i, represents the power loss of regional power grid i, represents the total power output of regional power grid i, It represents the load-side surplus on-grid power within the coverage of regional power grid i; E i represents the carbon emissions of power supply of regional power grid i, represents the direct carbon emissions from power generation within the coverage area of ​​regional power grid i, represents the indirect carbon emissions from the electricity received by regional power grid i, represents the carbon emissions of electricity delivered by regional power grid i, represents the carbon capture capacity of thermal power units with CCS installations within the coverage area of ​​regional power grid i; represents the green equity of regional power grid i, represents the green equity generated by green electricity generation within the coverage of regional grid i, represents the green equity of the electricity received by regional power grid i, represents the amount of green equity transferred from regional power grid i to outside the region, It represents the amount of green equity transferred within regional power grid i.

6. The green and low-carbon level assessment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power interaction matrix is ​​a square matrix formed based on the power transmission direction and power of all tie lines in a certain section of the interconnected power system. The rows of the power interaction matrix represent the sending power system, and the columns represent the receiving power system. The positive and negative signs of the elements indicate the direction of power transmission. All elements are non-negative numbers, and the diagonal elements are always 0. Whether the received power needs to be processed as net power is determined based on the evaluation requirements. The green equity transfer matrix is ​​a square matrix formed according to the direction and amount of green equity transmission between different systems in a certain section of the interconnected power system; green equity is divided into green electricity equity and green certificate equity according to the source of the equity, and is divided into intra-system equity transfer and inter-system equity transfer according to the scope of the transfer; the rows of the green equity transfer matrix represent the sending equity system, and the columns represent the receiving equity system. The positive and negative elements of the elements indicate the direction of the equity transfer, and the diagonal elements are not always 0; whether the equity transfer needs to be processed as a net transfer amount is determined according to the assessment requirements.

7. The green and low-carbon level assessment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Determining assessment needs includes: Determine the assessment boundaries, time granularity, and spatial granularity based on the assessment purpose and actual situation; Select the assessment scope of carbon emissions in the power system assessment, which includes direct carbon emissions from power generation, indirect carbon emissions from power generation and secondary energy consumption, and all direct and indirect carbon emissions over the entire life cycle of the power system; Whether to assess greenhouse gases other than carbon dioxide depends on whether the power system to be assessed can monitor emissions of greenhouse gases other than carbon dioxide; Based on the various links of the power chain, equity chain and other key factors that need to be considered in the evaluation process, select a method for considering equity, including only considering equity receipt or considering equity delivery and receipt; Whether to consider the amount of carbon captured by natural carbon sinks and direct air carbon capture and storage (DACS) depends on the assessment objectives and whether the power system has invested in natural carbon sinks and DACS. Identify assessment needs.

8. A green and low-carbon level assessment system for interconnected power systems based on a standardized electric carbon model, characterized by: include: Boundary division and node construction module, used to divide the power system assessment boundary and construct standard nodes according to the assessment objectives and the characteristics of the power system coverage area; Key factor analysis module, used to determine the key factors of each link in the equity chain and power chain that affect the evaluation results; Build a model module for building standardized node models and standardized electricity-carbon fusion models; The matrix construction module is used to construct the inter-node electricity interaction matrix and the inter-node green equity transfer matrix based on the physical topology of each node and the interaction between the electrical quantity and the green equity quantity; The multi-scenario evaluation module is used to select the evaluation model according to the target scenario, calculate the relevant indicators of the power system, and complete the evaluation.

9. A computer device, characterized in that: The method comprises one or more processors, a memory, and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors, and when the programs are executed by the processors, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

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