Radial self-adapting device for banana mechanical faller

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of banana picking equipment, and discloses a radial self-adaptive device for banana mechanical carding, wherein a mounting plate with a through hole is connected to a supporting table through a lifting mechanism, a plurality of cutter radial adjustment devices are arranged on the mounting plate in the circumferential direction of the through hole, the cutter radial adjustment device comprises a support frame fixed to the mounting plate, a sliding table is fixed to the top of the support frame, the sliding table is provided with a sliding groove matched with a sliding block, the front end of the sliding block is fixed to a cutter, the rear end of the sliding block is hinged to a connecting rod, the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to a swing rod, the other end of the swing rod is hinged to the support frame, a pressing rod is fixed to the end of the swing rod away from the connecting rod, a shaft rod is arranged below the pressing rod, a cam set is slidably arranged on the shaft rod, an elastic part is arranged on the support frame and used for driving the end of the pressing rod to abut against the cam set, and a sliding positioning mechanism is arranged and used for driving the cam set to slide and position on the shaft rod. The device can realize radial self-adaptive adjustment of the cutter to banana stems with different diameters, and has the advantages of simple and quick adjustment, high practicability and high carding efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of banana harvesting equipment technology, and in particular to a banana stem radial adaptive device for mechanical banana combing. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, banana unpacking and harvesting still largely rely on manual labor. Based on the growth morphology characteristics of bananas and banana bunches, it can be seen that the growth distribution of banana fruits on the banana stem exhibits a complex pattern. Since the fruits grow along the axial and circumferential directions of the banana stem, and different banana bunches on the same bunch are different, in banana mechanical unpacking devices, a device that can adapt to changes in banana stem diameter is the key to ensuring the success rate and smoothness of banana mechanical unpacking operations.

[0003] Although existing banana mechanical combing devices have been used to some extent, they still have problems such as the inability to adaptively adjust the radial direction of the banana stem, the complexity of the blade adjustment method, the inability to adjust the blade individually according to the differences in banana combs, poor practicality, and low combing efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a banana stem radial adaptive device for mechanical banana combing. This device can achieve radial adaptive adjustment of the blade to banana stems of different thicknesses. The adjustment is simple and fast, highly practical, stable and reliable in operation, and has high combing efficiency.

[0005] A banana stem radial adaptive device for mechanical banana combing includes a support platform, a mounting plate above the support platform, a lifting mechanism between the support platform and the mounting plate, a through hole in the center of the mounting plate for the banana stem to pass through, and a plurality of cutter radial adjustment devices arranged circumferentially along the through hole on the mounting plate. Each cutter radial adjustment device includes a support frame, a slide table, a slider, a cutter, a connecting rod, a swing arm, a pressure rod, a cam assembly, and a sliding positioning mechanism. The support frame is fixedly connected to the mounting plate, the slide table is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame, and the slide table has a sliding groove whose axis passes through the axis of the through hole. The slider... The slide is mounted in a groove and the cutter is fixed to the front end of the slide block, with the cutter pointing vertically upward. The rear end of the slide block is hinged to a connecting rod, the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to a rocker arm, and the other end of the rocker arm is hinged to a support frame. The connecting rod and the rocker arm are located in a vertical swing plane. The end of the rocker arm away from the connecting rod is fixed to a pressure rod. A shaft is provided below the pressure rod, perpendicular to the swing plane. A cam group slides on the shaft, and the radius of the cam group increases or decreases sequentially along its axial direction. The support frame is provided with an elastic part that drives the end of the pressure rod to abut against the cam group. The sliding positioning mechanism is used to drive the cam group to slide and position on the shaft.

[0006] The aforementioned banana stem radial adaptive device for banana mechanical combing includes a cam group comprising several cams whose radii increase or decrease sequentially along their axial direction. The cams are coaxially arranged, and a transition ring is provided between two adjacent cams. The ring surface of the transition ring is inclined, and the two ends of the ring surface of the transition ring are respectively connected to the wheel surfaces of two adjacent cams.

[0007] In the aforementioned banana stem radial adaptive device for mechanical banana combing, the end of the pressure rod is rotatably connected to a roller, the axis of the roller is parallel to the axis of the cam group, and the roller abuts against the cam of the cam group.

[0008] The aforementioned banana stem radial adaptive device for banana mechanical combing includes two support rods fixedly connected to a support frame below the pressure rod, a shaft rotatably connected between the two support rods, a guide key provided on the shaft along its length, a keyway adapted to the guide key provided on the shaft hole of the cam assembly, the keyway extending along the axial direction of the cam assembly, and a drive motor for driving the shaft to rotate fixedly connected to the outside of the support rod.

[0009] The aforementioned banana stem radial adaptive device for banana mechanical combing includes a sliding positioning mechanism comprising a positioning shaft, a sliding sleeve, a pawl, a positioning ball, a positioning spring, and an adjusting screw. The positioning shaft is fixed between two support rods and parallel to the shaft. Several positioning ring grooves are spaced along the length of the positioning shaft. The sliding sleeve slides on the positioning shaft and is fixedly connected to the pawl. A U-shaped caliper is provided at the front end of the pawl. A retaining ring adapted to the U-shaped caliper is provided at the end of the cam assembly. The pawl has a mounting hole communicating with the positioning shaft. The positioning ball and the positioning spring are sequentially arranged within the mounting hole. The adjusting screw is screwed into the mounting hole and abuts against the positioning spring.

[0010] In the aforementioned banana stem radial adaptive device for mechanical banana combing, the cross-section of the positioning ring groove is V-shaped, and the head of the positioning ball is hemispherical and adapted to the positioning ring groove.

[0011] In the aforementioned banana stem radial adaptive device for mechanical banana combing, a lever is fixedly connected to the outer side of the claw.

[0012] In the aforementioned banana stem radial adaptive device for mechanical banana combing, the elastic part is a compression spring, one end of which is connected to the middle of a swing rod, and the other end of which is connected to a support frame.

[0013] The aforementioned banana stem radial adaptive device for mechanical banana combing includes a support platform with a table hole in the center corresponding to the through hole.

[0014] The aforementioned banana stem radial adaptive device for banana mechanical combing includes a lifting mechanism comprising a plurality of lifting machines evenly distributed circumferentially along the table opening. The base of each lifting machine is fixedly connected to a support platform, and the telescopic rod of each lifting machine is connected to the bottom surface of a mounting plate.

[0015] The above-mentioned objective of the invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0016] In summary, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0017] This invention, by setting up a lifting mechanism, enables the rapid lifting and lowering of the blade radial adjustment device on the mounting plate. Several blade radial adjustment devices can achieve adaptive adjustment of the blades to banana stems of different thicknesses. The blades can also be individually adjusted according to the differences in banana combs. The adjustment is simple and fast, highly practical, stable and reliable in operation, and has high combing efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the radial adjustment device for cutting tools;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cam assembly of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the chuck claw of the present invention.

[0022] The diagram shows: 1. Support platform; 11. Platform hole; 2. Mounting plate; 21. Through hole; 3. Lifting mechanism; 4. Tool radial adjustment device; 41. Support frame; 411. Support rod; 412. Shaft; 42. Slide table; 421. Slide groove; 43. Slider; 44. Tool; 45. Connecting rod; 46. Rocker arm; 461. Pressure rod; 4611. Roller; 47. Elastic part; 48. Cam assembly; 481. Cam; 482. Transition ring; 483. Snap ring; 484. Keyway; 49. Sliding positioning mechanism; 491. Positioning shaft; 4911. Positioning ring groove; 492. Sliding sleeve; 493. Claw; 4931. U-shaped caliper; 4932. Adjusting screw; 4933. Lever. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-4 The present invention will be described in further detail below.

[0024] like Figure 1As shown, a banana stem radial adaptive device for mechanical banana combing includes a support platform 1, an mounting plate 2 above the support platform 1, a lifting mechanism 3 between the support platform 1 and the mounting plate 2, a through hole 21 for the banana stem to pass through in the center of the mounting plate 2, the mounting plate 2 is disc-shaped, and a plurality of blade radial adjustment devices 4 are arranged around the through hole 21. The number of blade radial adjustment devices 4 can be set as needed. In this embodiment, six blade radial adjustment devices 4 are provided.

[0025] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the tool radial adjustment device 4 includes a support frame 41, a slide table 42, a slider 43, a tool 44, a connecting rod 45, a rocker arm 46, a pressure rod 461, a cam assembly 48, and a sliding positioning mechanism 49. The support frame 41 is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 2, and the slide table 42 is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame 41. The slide table 42 is provided with a groove 421, the axis of which passes through the axis of the through hole 21. The slider 43 slides in the groove 421, and the tool 44 is fixedly connected to the front end of the slider 43. The tool 44 is vertically upward, and the rear end of the slider 43 is hinged to the connecting rod 45. The other end of the connecting rod 45 is connected to... The rocker arm 46 is hinged, and the other end of the rocker arm 46 is hinged to the support frame 41. The connecting rod 45 and the rocker arm 46 are located in the vertical swing plane. The end of the rocker arm 46 away from the connecting rod 45 is fixed to the pressure rod 461. The pressure rod 461 is provided with a shaft 412 perpendicular to the swing plane. The cam group 48 is slidably mounted on the shaft 412. The radius of the cam group 48 increases or decreases sequentially along the axial direction of the cam group 48. The support frame 41 is provided with an elastic part 47 that drives the end of the pressure rod 461 to abut against the cam group 48. The sliding positioning mechanism 49 is used to drive the cam group 48 to slide and position on the shaft 412.

[0026] In this embodiment, the elastic part 47 is a compression spring. One end of the compression spring is connected to the middle of the rocker arm 46, and the other end of the compression spring is connected to the support frame 41.

[0027] By providing the elastic part 47, it can be ensured that the end of the pressure rod 461 always abuts against the cam assembly 48, thereby ensuring the stability of the radial displacement of the tool 44 in the through hole 21.

[0028] like Figure 3 As shown, the cam assembly 48 of this embodiment includes a plurality of cams 481 with radii that increase or decrease sequentially. The plurality of cams 481 are coaxially arranged, and a transition ring 482 is provided between two adjacent cams 481. The ring surface of the transition ring 482 is inclined, and the two ends of the ring surface of the transition ring 482 are respectively connected to the wheel surfaces of two adjacent cams 481.

[0029] The number of cams 481 can be set as needed. In this embodiment, three cams 481 are provided, and each cam 481 is a circular disc of equal diameter. By setting a transition ring 482 between two adjacent cams 481, when the cam assembly 48 slides on the shaft 412, the end of the pressure rod 461 can smoothly transition and press against cams 481 of different radii through the transition ring 482, thereby realizing the displacement adjustment of the tool 44 in the radial direction of the through hole 21.

[0030] To ensure that the pressure rod 461 can smoothly transition to the cams 481 of different radii during the sliding of the cam assembly 48 on the shaft 412, and to ensure the stability of the radial displacement of the tool 44 in the through hole 21, the end of the pressure rod 461 is rotatably connected to the roller 4611. The axis of the roller 4611 is parallel to the axis of the cam assembly 48, and the roller 4611 abuts against the cams 481 of the cam assembly 48.

[0031] like Figure 2 As shown, two parallel support rods 411 are fixedly connected to the support frame 41 below the pressure rod 461. The shaft 412 is rotatably connected between the two support rods 411. A guide key is provided on the shaft 412 along the length direction. A keyway 484 adapted to the guide key is provided on the shaft hole of the cam assembly 48. The keyway 484 extends along the axial direction of the cam assembly 48. A drive motor (not shown in the figure) that drives the shaft 412 to rotate is fixedly connected to the outside of the support rod 411.

[0032] like Figure 2-4 As shown, the sliding positioning mechanism 49 includes a positioning shaft 491, a sliding sleeve 492, a pawl 493, a positioning ball, a positioning spring, and an adjusting screw 4932. The positioning shaft 491 is fixed between two support rods 411 and parallel to the shaft 412. Several positioning ring grooves 4911 are provided at intervals along the length direction on the positioning shaft 491. The sliding sleeve 492 slides on the positioning shaft 491 and is fixedly connected to the pawl 493. The front end of the pawl 493 is provided with a U-shaped caliper 4931. The end of the cam assembly 48 is provided with a retaining ring 483 adapted to the U-shaped caliper 4931. The pawl 493 is provided with a mounting hole communicating with the positioning shaft 491. The positioning ball and the positioning spring are sequentially arranged in the mounting hole. The adjusting screw 4932 is screwed into the mounting hole and abuts against the positioning spring. The elastic force of the positioning spring can be adjusted by adjusting the screw 4932 to ensure the stability of the cam assembly 48 in positioning on the shaft 412.

[0033] The drive motor can drive the shaft 412 to rotate. The guide key on the shaft 412 cooperates with the keyway 484 of the cam assembly 48, which can synchronously drive the cam assembly 48 to rotate. The sliding positioning mechanism 49 can drive the cam assembly 48 to slide on the shaft 412. The drive motor drives the cam assembly 48 to rotate, which can more smoothly realize the pressure conversion of the roller 4611 on the cam 48 with different radii of the cam 481 on the cam assembly 48 when the cam assembly 48 slides on the shaft 412.

[0034] To facilitate the movement of the pawl 493, a lever 4933 is fixedly connected to the outside of the pawl 493.

[0035] In order to facilitate the positioning of the positioning ball into the positioning ring groove 4911 so as to realize the positioning of the pawl 493 on the positioning shaft 491, and also to enable the positioning ball to disengage from the positioning ring groove 4911 when the lever 4933 is moved left and right with force so as to realize the roller 4611 pressing against the cam 481 with different radii, the cross section of the positioning ring groove 4911 in this embodiment is V-shaped, and the head of the positioning ball is hemispherical and adapted to the positioning ring groove 4911.

[0036] By moving the lever 4933, the pawl 493 moves on the positioning shaft 491. The U-shaped caliper 4931 can synchronously drive the cam assembly 48 to move on the shaft 412, so that the roller 4611 on the pressure rod 461 abuts against the cams 481 of different radii. Through the linkage of the rocker arm 46, the connecting rod 45 and the slider 43, the displacement adjustment of the tool 44 in the radial direction of the through hole 21 can be realized.

[0037] To prevent the support platform 1 from interfering with the banana stem, the support platform 1 has a table hole 11 in the middle of the table surface that corresponds to the through hole 21.

[0038] The lifting mechanism 3 includes several lifting machines evenly distributed around the circumference of the platform opening 11. The base of the lifting machine is fixed to the support platform 1, and the telescopic rod of the lifting machine is connected to the bottom surface of the mounting plate 2. The lifting machine can be a screw jack or a cylinder.

[0039] The working process of this invention is as follows: The banana stem is gradually moved from top to bottom to the top of the device using an external banana bunch clamping device, and inserted into the through hole 21 of the mounting plate 2 and the table hole 11 of the support platform 1. When the lowest banana comb of the banana bunch enters the working space of the cutter 44, the descent of the banana bunch is stopped. The drive motor is started, and the cam group 48 is rotated via the shaft 412. At this time, the operator moves the lever 4933 left and right according to the distribution of the banana comb on the banana stem, controlling the pawl 493 to slide left and right on the positioning shaft 491. The U-shaped clamp 4931 on the pawl 493 simultaneously drives the cam group 48 to slide left and right on the shaft 412, thereby causing the roller 4611 to abut against the required cam 481, ultimately achieving the radial position adjustment of the cutter 44 in the through hole 21. Simultaneously, when the cutter 44 is in position, the positioning ball on the pawl 493 is embedded in the corresponding positioning ring groove 4911 and limited by the positioning spring, preventing the pawl 493 from moving left and right, ensuring the stable positioning of the cutter 44.

[0040] The number of cutters 44 can be adjusted according to actual needs, or the number of cutters 44 that are only responsible for cutting the banana stem can be adjusted. After adjusting the radial travel of the cutter 44 in the through hole 21 to a suitable position, the lifting mechanism 3 is started, which drives the mounting plate 2 to move upward. The cutter radial adjustment device 4 on the mounting plate 2 moves upward synchronously. The cutter 44 on the cutter radial adjustment device 4 cuts the banana comb stem, thus completing the mechanical combing of the banana.

[0041] The embodiments described herein are preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A radial adaptive device for banana stems in a mechanical banana combing system, characterized in that, The device includes a support platform, with a mounting plate above it. A lifting mechanism is located between the support platform and the mounting plate. The mounting plate has a through hole in its center for the banana stem to pass through. Several radial adjustment devices for the cutter are arranged circumferentially around the through hole on the mounting plate. Each radial adjustment device includes a support frame, a slide table, a slider, a cutter, a connecting rod, a rocker arm, a pressure rod, a cam assembly, and a sliding positioning mechanism. The support frame is fixedly connected to the mounting plate, and the slide table is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame. The slide table has a groove, the axis of which passes through the axis of the through hole. The slider slides within the groove, and the cutter is fixedly connected to it. At the front end of the slider, the cutter is vertically upward. The rear end of the slider is hinged to the connecting rod. The other end of the connecting rod is hinged to the swing rod. The other end of the swing rod is hinged to the support frame. The connecting rod and the swing rod are located in a vertical swing plane. The end of the swing rod away from the connecting rod is fixed to a pressure rod. A shaft with a vertical swing plane is provided below the pressure rod. A cam group slides on the shaft. The radius of the cam group increases or decreases sequentially along its axial direction. The support frame is provided with an elastic part that drives the end of the pressure rod to abut against the cam group. The sliding positioning mechanism is used to drive the cam group to slide and position on the shaft. Two support rods are fixedly connected to the support frame below the pressure rod. The shaft is rotatably connected between the two support rods. A guide key is provided on the shaft along its length. A keyway adapted to the guide key is provided on the shaft hole of the cam group. The keyway extends along the axial direction of the cam group. A drive motor for driving the shaft to rotate is fixedly connected to the outside of the support rod. The sliding positioning mechanism includes a positioning shaft, a sliding sleeve, a pawl, a positioning ball, a positioning spring, and an adjusting screw. The positioning shaft is fixed between two support rods and parallel to the shaft. The positioning shaft has several positioning ring grooves spaced along its length. The sliding sleeve slides on the positioning shaft and is fixed to the pawl. The front end of the pawl is provided with a U-shaped caliper. The end of the cam assembly is provided with a retaining ring adapted to the U-shaped caliper. The pawl is provided with a mounting hole communicating with the positioning shaft. The positioning ball and the positioning spring are sequentially arranged in the mounting hole. The adjusting screw is screwed into the mounting hole and abuts against the positioning spring. By setting up a lifting mechanism, the radial adjustment device for the blades on the mounting plate can be raised and lowered quickly. Several radial adjustment devices can enable the blades to adaptively adjust the radial direction of the blades for different thicknesses of banana stems, and the blades can also be adjusted individually according to the differences in banana combs.

2. The banana stem radial adaptive device for mechanical banana combing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cam assembly includes several cams whose radii increase or decrease sequentially along their axial direction. The several cams are coaxially arranged, and a transition ring is provided between two adjacent cams. The ring surface of the transition ring is inclined, and the two ends of the ring surface of the transition ring are respectively connected to the wheel surfaces of two adjacent cams.

3. The banana stem radial adaptive device for mechanical banana combing according to claim 2, characterized in that, The end of the pressure rod is rotatably connected to a roller, the axis of which is parallel to the axis of the cam assembly, and the roller abuts against the cam of the cam assembly.

4. The banana stem radial adaptive device for mechanical banana combing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-section of the positioning ring groove is V-shaped, and the head of the positioning ball is hemispherical and adapted to the positioning ring groove.

5. The banana stem radial adaptive device for mechanical banana combing according to claim 4, characterized in that, The outer side of the chuck is fixed to the lever.

6. The banana stem radial adaptive device for mechanical banana combing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic part is a compression spring, one end of which is connected to the middle of the rocker arm, and the other end of which is connected to the support frame.

7. The banana stem radial adaptive device for mechanical banana combing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support platform has a table hole in the middle of its surface that corresponds to the through hole.

8. The banana stem radial adaptive device for mechanical banana combing according to claim 7, characterized in that, The lifting mechanism includes several lifting machines evenly distributed circumferentially along the platform openings. The base of each lifting machine is fixedly connected to the support platform, and the telescopic rod of each lifting machine is connected to the bottom surface of the mounting plate.

Images