A polishing device and polishing process for deep hole machining

Abstract

This invention discloses a polishing device and polishing process for deep hole machining, relating to the technical field of polishing equipment. It includes a frame on which a T-shaped tube and a tool holder are mounted via a fixed adjustment structure. One end of the tool holder has an arc groove. The invention also includes the following steps: S1, adjusting the polishing force of the polishing blade; S2, installing the T-shaped tube and the tool holder; S3, performing polishing. The advantages are: this equipment can adaptively polish deep holes at pipe connections, flexibly adjusting the grinding force according to the size and angle of the polishing hole. At the beginning of polishing, the tool head can be quickly extended and retracted within the pipe. During operation, adaptive grinding is performed on the edge according to the through-hole angle, simultaneously achieving automatic adjustment of clamping force and grinding force. Simultaneously, the equipment completes efficient cooling and chip removal at the polishing position. The overall process is seamless, ensuring the machining accuracy of complex hole ends while improving operational efficiency, effectively addressing the polishing challenges of pipe connections.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of polishing equipment technology, and in particular to a polishing device and polishing process for deep hole machining. Background Technology

[0002] Polishing equipment for deep hole machining is specifically designed for surface finishing of the inner wall of deep holes. Its core function is to improve the surface quality of the inner wall of deep holes through specific polishing processes, so as to meet the high precision requirements of deep hole parts in fields such as precision machinery, aerospace, and petrochemicals.

[0003] In the field of pipe processing, the deep hole ends and through-hole edges formed at pipe joints (such as the right-angle connection of T-shaped pipes) have always been a challenge for polishing due to their complex structure (variations in angle and hole diameter). Traditional equipment is difficult to adapt to the processing requirements of different hole diameters and angles, and the grinding force adjustment is rigid, which easily leads to over-polishing or under-polishing. The cutting head moves slowly in and out of the pipe, making it difficult to accurately reach the complex hole end area, and the grinding of the through-hole edge cannot adapt to the angle, which easily produces problems such as burrs and precision deviations. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problem of insufficient machining accuracy at the deep hole end and through hole edge formed at pipe connection (such as the right angle connection of T-shaped pipe) in the prior art, and to propose a polishing equipment and polishing process for deep hole machining.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A polishing device for deep hole machining includes a frame on which a T-shaped tube and a tool holder are mounted via a fixed adjustment structure. One end of the tool holder has an arc groove. The fixed adjustment structure accommodates T-shaped tubes and tool holders of different shapes. The tool holder has multiple water outlet holes arranged in a C-shape at an angle, which spray water from different angles for cooling. The device also includes:

[0007] A protective sleeve is fitted over the outside of the tool holder. A polishing head for polishing the inner wall of the pipe is fixedly installed at the front end of the tool holder. Multiple polishing blades are installed between the tool holder and the polishing head through a grinding adjustment structure. The grinding and clamping force is adjusted by the grinding adjustment structure to achieve a balance between the grinding and clamping force of the polishing blades. The multiple polishing blades adapt to changes in the polishing shape and complete automatic advance and retraction actions before and after use.

[0008] A polishing process for deep hole machining, using the polishing equipment for deep hole machining as described above, further includes the following steps:

[0009] S1. Adjust the polishing force of the polishing blade; use a tool to turn the screw. The screw turns, which in turn drives the threaded tube to rotate. The rotation of the threaded tube causes the locking ring to move relative to it. The movement of the locking ring pulls multiple springs. Adjust the compression of the springs to adjust the clamping force of the polishing blade, thereby adjusting the polishing force.

[0010] S2. Install the T-tube and tool holder; fix the T-tube to be polished in place by first moving the movable seat and then the pneumatic hollow chuck. Turn the handwheel, which will drive the screw to rotate. The screw will drive the rightmost connecting plate to move on the guide rail through the nut, so that the end of the T-tube is located in the movable seat; select a tool holder of appropriate size, first move the two positioning parts to the side away from the gun drill power head assembly, fix the tool holder on the gun drill power head assembly, and then move the two positioning parts to the middle section of the guide rod, so that the tool holder is fixed between the gun drill power head assembly and the two positioning parts;

[0011] S3. Polishing: Start drive motor one to drive the gun drill power head assembly to rotate via belt drive structure one. At this time, the tool bar follows the rotation of the gun drill power head assembly, synchronously driving the servo motor to drive the lead screw to rotate. Through two connecting plates and two guide rods, the tool bar and polishing head are driven to rotate and advance into the T-shaped tube. The polishing head rotates to polish the inner wall of the T-shaped tube. The protective sleeve stabilizes the inner wall of the T-shaped tube to prevent shaking. Simultaneously start drive motor two to drive the pneumatic hollow chuck to rotate via belt drive structure two. The rotation of the pneumatic hollow chuck drives the T-shaped tube to rotate. The rotation direction of the T-shaped tube is opposite to the rotation direction of the tool bar, which speeds up the polishing process.

[0012] S4. Polish the edge of the through hole; during and after polishing, the polishing blades will rotate under the elastic force of the spring and the squeezing inside the pipe, so that each polishing blade is housed in the arc groove; when the polishing head drives multiple polishing blades to the through hole position of the T-shaped tube, the multiple polishing blades unfold and adapt to the angle of the through hole edge for polishing. During polishing, the spring will change the force to achieve a balance between cutting force and clamping force;

[0013] S5. Simultaneous cooling and chip removal during polishing: The water inlet is rotated to connect to the water pipe. Water flows through the water inlet and multiple outlet holes, which spray water from different angles in the arc groove. Combined with the possible rotation of the tool holder, the water flow can evenly cover the entire arc-shaped working surface, while simultaneously cooling the polishing blade during the polishing process. During the polishing process of the polishing head, the water flow in the water inlet flows through the threaded pipe and cooling holes to the T-shaped tube to be polished, cooling the polishing head. The water flow flows out through the other end of the T-shaped tube, and suction is applied to the unpolished end of the T-shaped tube and multiple suction holes to suck out the cooled water, completing the chip removal and water cooling circulation.

[0014] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are as follows: the equipment can adaptively polish the deep hole ends of pipe connections, and can flexibly adjust the grinding force according to the size and angle of the polishing hole. In the initial stage of polishing, the cutter head can be quickly extended and retracted inside the pipe. During operation, it performs adaptive grinding on the edge according to the through hole angle, and simultaneously realizes automatic adjustment of clamping force and grinding force. At the same time, the equipment simultaneously completes efficient cooling and chip removal at the polishing position. The overall process is smooth, which not only ensures the processing accuracy of complex hole ends, but also improves the operating efficiency, effectively solving the polishing problem of pipe connection parts. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a polishing device for deep hole machining proposed in this invention;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram from another perspective of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the T-shaped tube in this invention;

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tool holder and protective sleeve in this invention;

[0019] Figure 5 In this invention Figure 4 Side view;

[0020] Figure 6 In this invention Figure 5 Cross-sectional view of the structure along the AA direction;

[0021] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged structural diagram of part a;

[0022] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the polishing blade and water outlet hole in this invention.

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Frame; 2. T-tube; 3. Movable seat; 4. Positioning component; 5. Drive motor one; 6. Drive motor two; 7. Guide rail; 8. Aluminum fixing plate; 9. Handwheel; 10. Servo motor; 11. Protective sleeve; 12. Pneumatic hollow chuck; 13. Through hole; 14. Screw; 15. Polishing head; 16. Tool bar; 17. Polishing blade; 18. Suction hole; 19. Rotating rod; 20. Water inlet hole; 21. Screw; 22. Threaded tube; 23. Locking ring; 24. Limiting protrusion; 25. Spring; 26. Water outlet one; 27. Sliding groove; 28. Water outlet two. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Reference Figures 1-3 A polishing device for deep hole machining includes a frame 1, on which a control panel is fixedly mounted. The control panel is electrically connected to the electromechanical components inside the frame 1 to control all operating steps. A T-shaped tube 2 and a tool holder 16 are mounted on the frame 1 via a fixed adjustment structure. A through hole 13 is formed in the T-shaped tube 2 at a right-angle connection (the T-shaped tube 2 includes all pipes capable of forming angles). The fixed adjustment structure includes a guide rail 7, a servo motor 10, and two sets of aluminum fixing plates 8 fixedly mounted on the frame 1. A lead screw is fixedly mounted on the drive rod end of the servo motor 10. A fixing block is fixedly mounted on the frame 1, and one end of the lead screw is rotatably mounted on the fixing block.

[0026] Multiple connecting plates are slidably mounted on the guide rail 7. The two connecting plates on the left are slidably connected to the corresponding aluminum fixing plates 8 to ensure stability during polishing. Two ball nuts are fixedly mounted on the lead screw. The two connecting plates on the left (the orientation of the connecting plates is...) Figure 1(For reference) All are mounted on the lead screw via ball nuts. A movable seat 3 is fixedly mounted on the middle connecting plate. Two vertical plates are fixedly mounted on the left connecting plate. Two guide rods are fixedly mounted on one side of the movable seat 3. The two guide rods are slidably mounted on their respective vertical plates. Two sets of positioning parts 4 are slidably mounted between the two guide rods. The two sets of positioning parts 4 are used to fix the tool holder 16. One end of the tool holder 16 has an arc groove. A gun drill power head assembly is mounted on the leftmost connecting plate. The gun drill power head assembly is an existing structure. One end of the tool holder 16 is mounted on the gun drill power head assembly (one end of the tool holder 16 is designed with an installation interface that matches the gun drill power head assembly, such as a tapered interface or a straight shank interface). The operator inserts the tool holder 16 into the power head... The tool holder 16 is securely mounted on the power head using nuts, tie rods, and other fastening devices to ensure that there is no relative rotation or axial movement between the tool holder 16 and the power head, thus ensuring that power can be stably transmitted to the tool holder 16. A motor plate is fixedly mounted on the gun drill power head assembly, and a drive motor 5 is fixedly mounted on the motor plate. The drive motor 5 is connected to the gun drill power head assembly through a belt transmission structure. The belt transmission structure includes a pulley fixedly mounted on the drive end of the drive motor 5. One end of the power head inside the gun drill power head assembly is also equipped with a pulley. A track is fitted between the two pulleys. By turning on the drive motor 5, the tool holder 16 can be rotated by the cooperation of the two pulleys and the track.

[0027] A spindle mounting base is fixedly installed on the rightmost connecting plate. A second drive motor 6 is fixedly installed on the spindle mounting base. A pneumatic hollow chuck 12 (existing structure) is installed on the drive motor 6 through a belt drive structure. The belt drive structure includes a pulley 2 fixedly installed on the drive end of the drive motor 6. A rotating sleeve is rotatably installed on the spindle mounting base. A pulley 2 is also fixedly installed on one end of the rotating sleeve. A track 2 is rotatably mounted between the two pulleys 2. The pneumatic hollow chuck 12 is fixedly connected to the rotating sleeve. A screw is rotatably installed on the frame 1. A handwheel 9 is fixedly installed on one end of the screw. The screw is fixed to the rightmost connecting plate by a nut. A T-shaped tube 2 is clamped between the pneumatic hollow chuck 12 and the moving seat 3 and is connected to the tool bar 16 for polishing.

[0028] Before placing the T-shaped tube 2 to be polished, the operator adjusts the moving seat 3 to a suitable initial position according to the length of the T-shaped tube 2 and the processing requirements, either manually (e.g., by turning the handwheel 9) or automatically via the control panel. The movement of the moving seat 3 further fine-tunes the relative position of the pneumatically combined hollow chuck 12 and the T-shaped tube 2, ensuring the pneumatically combined hollow chuck 12 is accurately aligned with the end of the T-shaped tube 2, preparing for subsequent clamping operations. Once the T-shaped tube 2 is aligned, the equipment control system issues a command, and compressed air is introduced into the pneumatically combined hollow chuck 12. The piston (existing structure) inside the pneumatic hollow chuck 12 is displaced under the action of air pressure, which drives the gripper to move radially, thereby tightly clamping the end of the T-shaped tube 2. During the process of the pneumatic hollow chuck 12 clamping the T-shaped tube 2, the moving seat 3 plays a role in stabilizing and fixing, preventing the pneumatic hollow chuck 12 from shaking or displacing under the action of clamping force, ensuring the stability and reliability of the clamping action, and ensuring that the T-shaped tube 2 is firmly clamped.

[0029] Reference Figures 3-8 The tool holder 16 has a fitting groove, in which a screw 14 is rotatably and sealed. The screw 14 has multiple connecting holes. The tool holder 16 has a mounting groove, in which a rotating rod 19 is rotatably mounted. The rotating rod 19 has an axially oriented water inlet 20 and multiple water outlet holes 26 at its end, all of which are connected to the water inlet 20. The tool holder 16 has multiple evenly spaced suction holes 18 along its axial direction. The multiple connecting holes on the screw 14 ensure that the screw 14 remains connected to the suction holes 18 regardless of its rotation angle, guaranteeing the use of the suction holes 18. The suction holes 18 are used to remove polishing debris. The shavings and water used for cooling are discharged. An air pump is installed on the leftmost connecting plate. The air pump is connected to the gun drill power head assembly. The drive end of the air pump is equipped with a fixed cover. The fixed cover is sealed to multiple suction holes 18 by a knob or other fixing method. It can draw air to the outside of the tool bar 16 through multiple suction holes 18 without affecting the rotation of the tool bar 16. Multiple water outlet holes 28 are opened on the tool bar 16. The multiple water outlet holes 28 are located on the same plane and connected to the multiple water outlet holes 26. The diameter of the water outlet holes 28 is larger than the diameter of the suction holes 18, which can ensure that the water is fully cooled before being discharged, thus ensuring the utilization rate of water.

[0030] Multiple water outlets 28 are arranged in an inclined C-shape. The multiple inclined water outlets 28 arranged in a C-shape can spray water from different angles of the arc groove (for example, the left, center and right directions distributed along the arc). In conjunction with the possible rotational movement of the tool holder 16, the water flow can be evenly covered on the entire arc-shaped working surface to prevent overheating and deformation caused by insufficient local cooling (especially for high-precision tool holder 16, uneven temperature may cause dimensional errors).

[0031] Connect the water inlet 20 to the existing water supply equipment, and let water flow into the rotating rod 19 through the water inlet 20. The water flows through the water inlet 20, multiple water outlets 26, and multiple water outlets 28 in sequence, and reaches the arc groove on the cutter bar 16 for cooling. Multiple suction holes 18 can suck out the cooled water flow and carry away the polishing debris. The sucked water can be filtered and then reintroduced into the cutter bar 16 through the water inlet 20 for cooling.

[0032] It also includes a protective sleeve 11, which is fitted over the outside of the tool holder 16. The protective sleeve 11 is made of an elastic cushioning material (such as a cloth strip). The soft pad formed by the cloth strip can appropriately fill the gap between the tool holder 16 and the inner wall of the pipe, enhancing the stability of the tool holder 16 inside the pipe and reducing the deviation caused by vibration during processing. A polishing head 15 for polishing the inner wall of the pipe is fixedly installed at the front end of the tool holder 16. Multiple polishing blades 17 are installed between the tool holder 16 and the polishing head 15 through a grinding adjustment structure. The grinding adjustment structure adjusts the clamping force to achieve a balance between the grinding and clamping force of the polishing blades 17. The multiple polishing blades 17 adapt to changes in the polishing shape and complete automatic tool advance and retraction before and after use.

[0033] The grinding adjustment structure includes a sliding groove 27 formed within the polishing head 15. A threaded tube 22 is rotatably installed within the sliding groove 27. The polishing head 15 has a cooling hole along its axial direction, and the threaded tube 22 is connected to the water inlet 20 and the cooling hole. A locking ring 23 is threaded onto the threaded tube 22, and two limiting protrusions 24 are fixedly installed on the locking ring 23. The locking ring 23 and the two limiting protrusions 24 are slidably disposed within the sliding groove 27. Multiple rotating slots are formed on one side of the locking ring 23, and multiple rotating slots allow for rotation. A short shaft is installed, and a spring 25 is fixedly installed on each short shaft. A connecting rod is hinged to one end of each spring 25. Multiple pin seats are fixedly installed at the arc groove of the tool bar 16. Screws 21 are rotatably installed on each of the multiple pin seats. A polishing blade 17 is fixedly installed on each screw 21. A connecting rod is hinged between each polishing blade 17 and the corresponding spring 25. Multiple rotating holes communicating with the sliding groove 27 are opened on the polishing head 15. Each spring 25 passes through the rotating hole. The rotating hole is used to accommodate the deformation of the spring 25.

[0034] The polishing head 15 is inclined at one end connected to the tool holder 16. The polishing head 15 and the arc groove cooperate to accommodate the rotation of the polishing blade 17, so that the polishing blade 17 can be "retracted" under the action of the spring 25 when entering and leaving the pipe. When passing through the through hole 13, the multiple polishing blades 17 are no longer restricted and automatically open (opening in an umbrella shape, as shown). Figure 8As shown, the polishing process at the through hole 13 is completed automatically without manual control. A rubber pad is provided at the tip of the polishing blade 17 to prevent the tip from damaging the inner wall of the pipe. The angle formed when the polishing blade 17 rotates to its limit is less than the diameter of the polishing head 15 to prevent the polishing blade 17 from scratching the inner wall of the pipe.

[0035] Adjusting the position and pressure of the polishing blade 17 can accommodate the polishing needs of tool holders 16 with different diameters and materials. For tool holders 16 with larger diameters, the polishing blade 17 is moved away from the arc groove of the tool holder 16 by adjustment (rotating the screw 14 can drive the locking ring 23 away from the polishing blade 17 through the rotating rod 19, thereby pulling the spring 25 and increasing the elastic potential energy of the spring 25), thus increasing the polishing speed. For tool holders 16 with softer materials, the pressure of the polishing blade 17 is reduced (rotating the screw 14 in the opposite direction can drive the locking ring 23 to move closer to the polishing blade 17 through the rotating rod 19, reducing the elastic potential energy of the spring 25), preventing over-polishing and damage to the polishing blade 17. Adjusting the elastic potential energy of the spring 25 also allows the polishing force to adapt to the angle of the through hole 13, so that the edge of the through hole 13 is chamfered, improving the internal machining accuracy.

[0036] Reference Figures 1-8 A polishing process for deep hole machining, using the aforementioned polishing equipment for deep hole machining, further includes the following steps:

[0037] S1. Adjust the polishing force of the polishing blade 17; use a tool to turn the screw 14. The rotation of the screw 14 drives the threaded tube 22 to rotate through the rotating rod 19. The rotation of the threaded tube 22 drives the locking ring 23 to move relative to it. The movement of the locking ring 23 pulls multiple springs 25. Adjust the compression of the springs 25 to adjust the clamping force of the polishing blade 17, thereby adjusting the polishing force.

[0038] S2. Install the T-tube 2 and the tool holder 16; fix the T-tube 2 to be polished in place by the moving seat 3 and the pneumatic hollow chuck 12. Turn the handwheel 9. The handwheel 9 turns and drives the screw to turn. The screw drives the rightmost connecting plate to move on the guide rail 7 through the nut, so that the end of the T-tube 2 is located in the moving seat 3; select a tool holder 16 of appropriate size. First, move the two positioning parts 4 to the side away from the gun drill power head assembly and fix the tool holder 16 on the gun drill power head assembly. Then move the two positioning parts 4 to the middle section of the guide rod, so that the tool holder 16 is fixed between the gun drill power head assembly and the two positioning parts 4.

[0039] S3. Polishing: Start drive motor 5 to drive the gun drill power head assembly to rotate via belt drive structure 1. At this time, the tool bar 16 rotates with the gun drill power head assembly, synchronously driving servo motor 10 to drive the lead screw to rotate. Through two connecting plates and two guide rods, the tool bar 16 and polishing head 15 are driven to rotate and advance into the T-shaped tube 2, driving the polishing head 15 to rotate and polish the inner wall of the T-shaped tube 2. The protective sleeve 11 stabilizes the inner wall of the T-shaped tube 2 to prevent shaking. Simultaneously start drive motor 6 to drive the pneumatic hollow chuck 12 to rotate via belt drive structure 2. The rotation of the pneumatic hollow chuck 12 drives the T-shaped tube 2 to rotate. The rotation direction of the T-shaped tube 2 is opposite to the rotation direction of the tool bar 16, which speeds up the polishing speed.

[0040] S4. Polish the edge of the through hole 13. During and after polishing, the polishing blades 17 will rotate under the elastic force of the spring 25 and the compression inside the pipe, so that each polishing blade 17 is stored in the arc groove. When the polishing head 15 drives multiple polishing blades 17 to the position of the through hole 13 of the T-shaped tube 2, the multiple polishing blades 17 unfold and adapt to the angle of the edge of the through hole 13 for polishing. During polishing, the spring 25 will change the force to achieve a balance between cutting force and clamping force.

[0041] S5. Simultaneous cooling and chip removal during polishing: Water is supplied to the tool holder 16 through the water inlet 20. The water flows through the water inlet 20 and multiple water outlets 26 to multiple water outlets 28. The water outlets 28 can spray water from different angles of the arc groove (e.g., the left, center, and right directions distributed along the arc). Combined with the possible rotational movement of the tool holder 16, the water flow can evenly cover the entire arc-shaped working surface, while simultaneously cooling the polishing blade 17 during the polishing process. During the polishing process of the polishing head 15, the water flow in the water inlet 20 simultaneously flows through the threaded pipe 22 and the cooling hole to the T-shaped pipe 2 to be polished. The polishing head 15 is cooled by water flowing out through the other end of the T-shaped tube 2. The suction hole 18 is used to discharge the polishing debris and the water used for cooling. The air pump is turned on to draw air out of the outside of the tool holder 16 through multiple suction holes 18. Multiple inclined water outlet holes 28 arranged in a C shape can spray water from different angles of the arc groove. With the possible rotation of the tool holder 16, the water can be evenly covered on the entire arc-shaped working surface to prevent overheating and deformation caused by insufficient local cooling (especially for high-precision tool holder 16, uneven temperature may cause dimensional errors). The removal of debris and the circulation and cooling of water are completed.

[0042] To further clarify, the aforementioned fixed connection should be interpreted broadly unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited. For example, it may be welding, gluing, or integral molding, or other conventional methods well known to those skilled in the art.

[0043] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A polishing apparatus for deep hole machining, comprising a frame (1), characterized in that, The frame (1) is equipped with a T-shaped tube (2) and a knife bar (16) by a fixed adjustment structure. One end of the knife bar (16) is provided with an arc groove. The fixed adjustment structure is used to adapt to the installation of T-shaped tubes (2) and knife bars (16) of different shapes. The knife bar (16) is provided with multiple water outlet holes (28). The multiple water outlet holes (28) are arranged in an inclined C shape. The multiple inclined water outlet holes (28) arranged in the C shape spray water from different angles to cool down. It also includes: A protective sleeve (11) is fitted on the outside of the tool holder (16). A polishing head (15) for polishing the inner wall of the pipe is fixedly installed at the front end of the tool holder (16). Multiple polishing blades (17) are installed between the tool holder (16) and the polishing head (15) through a grinding adjustment structure. The grinding and clamping force of the polishing blades (17) is adjusted by the grinding adjustment structure to achieve a balance between the grinding and clamping force. The multiple polishing blades (17) adapt to the change of polishing shape and complete the automatic advance and retraction action before and after use. The T-shaped tube (2) has a through hole (13) inside, which is formed at the right-angle connection point inside the T-shaped tube (2); The cutter bar (16) is provided with a fitting groove, and a screw (14) is rotatably installed in the fitting groove. The cutter bar (16) is provided with an installation groove, and a rotating rod (19) is rotatably installed in the installation groove. A water inlet hole (20) is provided axially on the rotating rod (19). Multiple water outlet holes (26) are provided at the end of the rotating rod (19), and the multiple water outlet holes (26) are connected to the water inlet hole (20). The cutter bar (16) is evenly provided with multiple suction holes (18) along the axial direction, and multiple water outlet holes (28) are connected to multiple water outlet holes (26) on the same plane; The grinding adjustment structure includes a sliding groove (27) opened in the polishing head (15), a threaded tube (22) is rotatably installed in the sliding groove (27), the polishing head (15) is provided with a cooling hole along the axial direction, and the threaded tube (22) is connected to the water inlet (20) and the cooling hole. A locking ring (23) is threaded on the threaded tube (22), and two limiting protrusions (24) are fixedly installed on the locking ring (23). The locking ring (23) and the two limiting protrusions (24) are slidably arranged in the sliding groove (27). The locking ring (23) has multiple rotating grooves on one side, and short shafts are rotatably installed in each of the multiple rotating grooves. A spring (25) is fixedly installed on each of the short shafts. A connecting rod is hinged to one end of each spring (25). Multiple pin seats are fixedly installed at the arc groove of the tool bar (16). Each polishing blade (17) is set on the corresponding pin seat by a screw (21). A connecting rod is hinged between each polishing blade (17) and the corresponding spring (25). The polishing head (15) is inclined at one end connected to the tool holder (16). The polishing head (15) and the arc groove are adapted to the rotation of the polishing blade (17), so that the polishing blade (17) can be stored under the action of the spring (25) when entering and leaving the pipe. When passing through the through hole (13), multiple polishing blades (17) are no longer restricted and automatically open in an umbrella shape to automatically complete the polishing treatment of the through hole (13). A rubber pad is set at the top of the polishing blade (17). The angle formed when the polishing blade (17) rotates to the limit is smaller than the diameter of the polishing head (15). The elastic potential energy of the spring (25) is adjusted so that the polishing force of the polishing blade (17) adapts to the angle of the through hole (13), so that the edge of the through hole (13) is chamfered. The fixed adjustment structure includes a guide rail (7), a servo motor (10), and two sets of aluminum fixing plates (8) fixedly installed on the frame (1). The drive rod end of the servo motor (10) is fixedly installed with a lead screw, and the lead screw is installed on the frame (1) through a fixing block. Multiple connecting plates are slidably installed on the guide rail (7). The two connecting plates on the left are threaded onto the lead screw through ball nuts. A movable seat (3) is fixedly installed on the middle connecting plate. Two vertical plates are fixedly installed on the left connecting plate. Two guide rods are fixedly installed on one side of the movable seat (3). The two guide rods are slidably set on the corresponding vertical plates. Two sets of positioning parts (4) are slidably installed between the two guide rods. The two sets of positioning parts (4) are used to fix the tool bar (16).

2. The polishing equipment for deep hole machining according to claim 1, characterized in that, The leftmost connecting plate is equipped with a gun drill power head assembly. One end of the cutter bar (16) is mounted on the gun drill power head assembly. The gun drill power head assembly is equipped with a drive motor (5) via a motor plate. The drive motor (5) is connected to the gun drill power head assembly via a belt conveyor structure.

3. A polishing device for deep hole machining according to claim 2, characterized in that, The rightmost connecting plate is equipped with a second drive motor (6) via a main shaft fixing seat. The second drive motor (6) is equipped with a pneumatic hollow chuck (12) via a belt drive structure. A screw is rotatably mounted on the frame (1). A handwheel (9) is fixedly mounted on one end of the screw, and the screw is fixed to the rightmost connecting plate via a nut. The T-shaped tube (2) is clamped between the pneumatic hollow chuck (12) and the moving seat (3) and is connected to the tool bar (16) for polishing.

4. A polishing process for deep hole machining, using the polishing equipment for deep hole machining as described in claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes the following steps: S1. Adjust the polishing force of the polishing blade (17); use a tool to turn the screw (14). The rotation of the screw (14) drives the threaded tube (22) to rotate through the rotating rod (19). The rotation of the threaded tube (22) drives the locking ring (23) to move relative to it. The movement of the locking ring (23) pulls multiple springs (25). Adjust the compression of the springs (25) to adjust the clamping force of the polishing blade (17) and realize the adjustment of the polishing force. S2. Install the T-tube (2) and the tool bar (16); fix the T-tube (2) to be polished in place by passing it through the moving seat (3) and the pneumatic hollow chuck (12). Turn the handwheel (9). The handwheel (9) rotates and drives the screw to rotate. The screw drives the rightmost connecting plate to move on the guide rail (7) through the nut, so that the end of the T-tube (2) is located in the moving seat (3). Select a tool bar (16) of appropriate size. First, move the two positioning parts (4) to the side away from the gun drill power head assembly. Fix the tool bar (16) on the gun drill power head assembly. Then move the two positioning parts (4) to the middle section of the guide rod, so that the tool bar (16) is fixed between the gun drill power head assembly and the two positioning parts (4). S3. Polishing: Start drive motor one (5) to drive the gun drill power head assembly to rotate through belt transmission structure one. At this time, the tool bar (16) rotates with the gun drill power head assembly, synchronously driving servo motor (10) to drive the lead screw to rotate. Through two connecting plates and two guide rods, the tool bar (16) and polishing head (15) are driven to rotate into the T-tube (2), driving the polishing head (15) to rotate and polish the inner wall of the T-tube (2). The protective sleeve (11) stabilizes the inner wall of the T-tube (2) to prevent shaking. Simultaneously start drive motor two (6) to drive the pneumatic hollow chuck (12) to rotate through belt transmission structure two. The pneumatic hollow chuck (12) rotates and drives the T-tube (2) to rotate. The rotation direction of the T-tube (2) is opposite to the rotation direction of the tool bar (16), which speeds up the polishing speed. S4. Polish the edge of the through hole (13); During and after polishing, the polishing blades (17) will rotate under the elastic force of the spring (25) and the compression inside the pipe, so that each polishing blade (17) is stored in the arc groove. When the polishing head (15) drives multiple polishing blades (17) to the position of the through hole (13) of the T-shaped tube (2), the multiple polishing blades (17) unfold and adapt to the angle of the edge of the through hole (13) for polishing. During polishing, the spring (25) will be subjected to a change in force to achieve a balance between cutting force and clamping force. S5. Cooling and chip removal during polishing: Rotate the water inlet (20) to connect the water pipe. Water flows through the water inlet (20), multiple water outlets (26), and multiple water outlets (28). Water outlets (28) can spray water from different angles of the arc groove. With the possible rotation of the tool holder (16), the water can evenly cover the entire arc working surface and cool the polishing blade (17) during the polishing process. During the polishing process of the polishing head (15), the water in the water inlet (20) flows through the threaded pipe (22) and the cooling hole to the position of the T-shaped pipe (2) to be polished, cooling the polishing head (15). The water flows out through the other end of the T-shaped pipe (2). Suction is applied at the unpolished port of the T-shaped pipe (2) and the position of multiple suction holes (18) to suck out the cooled water, completing the removal of debris and the cooling cycle of the water.

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