Copper alloy and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of metallurgy, and provides a copper alloy and a preparation method thereof.The preparation raw materials of the copper alloy comprise the following components of 5.0-10.0 wt% of Fe, 5.0-10.0 wt% of Ni, 5.0-10.0 wt% of Ni, and the 0.2 to 0.4 wt% of Ti; and the balance of Cu. Through 5.0-10.0 wt% of Fe, the magnetic conductivity of the alloy can be effectively improved, and the absorption loss of low-frequency-band electromagnetic waves is enhanced; meanwhile, the high conductivity of the Cu matrix can realize the reflection loss of high-frequency electromagnetic waves, and the Cu matrix and the Cu matrix are combined to form a'reflection-absorption 'synergistic effect, so that the problem of insufficient shielding effectiveness caused by unreasonable Fe content of the traditional Cu-Fe alloy is solved; 0.2-0.4 wt% of Ti effectively inhibits segregation of a Fe phase, the size of a primary Fe phase is reduced, precipitation of a nano Fe phase is promoted, the Fe phase is distributed more uniformly in a Cu matrix, the scattering and attenuation effects of an interface structure on electromagnetic waves are further optimized, and finally systematic improvement of the multi-band shielding effect is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of metallurgy technology, and in particular relates to a copper alloy and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In modern industry, copper alloys are widely used in electronics, electrical engineering, machinery manufacturing, aerospace, transportation, and many other industries due to their excellent electrical and thermal conductivity, corrosion resistance, and good processing properties. With the continuous advancement of science and technology and the increasing requirements of various industries for material performance, higher requirements are being placed on the comprehensive properties of copper alloys, such as strength, hardness, and electrical conductivity.

[0003] In related technologies, various alloying elements are often added to the copper matrix to improve its performance. Cu-Fe alloy is a highly valuable metal material with diverse properties. Its excellent thermal conductivity and high hardness make it a good choice for molds. Its superior elasticity also makes it suitable for use in electrical connectors, switches, relays, and earthquake-resistant structures. Furthermore, Cu-Fe alloy can shield and absorb electromagnetic waves, but the shielding effectiveness is relatively low. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a copper alloy and a preparation method thereof, which can improve the problem that the electromagnetic wave shielding effect of Cu-Fe alloy is relatively low.

[0005] To achieve the above application objectives, the technical solutions adopted in this application are as follows: In a first aspect, the present application provides a copper alloy, wherein raw materials for preparing the copper alloy include the following components: Fe, 5.0~10.0wt%; Ti, 0.2~0.4wt%; The rest is Cu.

[0006] The copper alloy provided by the present application, with 5.0~10.0wt% Fe, can effectively improve the magnetic permeability of the alloy and enhance the absorption loss of low-frequency electromagnetic waves; at the same time, the high conductivity of the Cu matrix can achieve reflection loss of high-frequency electromagnetic waves. The combination of the two forms a synergistic effect of "reflection-absorption", which makes up for the insufficient shielding effectiveness of traditional Cu-Fe alloys due to unreasonable Fe content; 0.2~0.4wt% Ti effectively inhibits the segregation of Fe phase, helps to reduce the size of primary Fe phase, promotes the precipitation of nano-Fe phase, makes the Fe phase more evenly distributed in the Cu matrix, further optimizes the scattering and attenuation effect of the interface structure on electromagnetic waves, and ultimately achieves systematic improvement of the shielding effect of multiple frequency bands (especially medium and low frequency bands).

[0007] In some embodiments, the raw materials for preparing the copper alloy include the following components: Fe, 4.0~8.0wt%; Ti, 0.2~0.3wt%; The rest is Cu.

[0008] In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing a copper alloy, the method comprising: Providing the components of the copper alloy according to any one of the first aspects, and smelting the components to obtain a copper alloy liquid; Drawing the copper alloy liquid to obtain a copper alloy ingot; homogenizing the copper alloy ingot to obtain a pretreated copper alloy ingot; hot rolling the pretreated copper alloy billet to obtain a copper alloy rod; annealing and cold-rolling the copper alloy rod to obtain a semi-finished copper alloy; The semi-finished copper alloy is subjected to aging treatment to obtain a finished copper alloy.

[0009] The copper alloy preparation method provided by the present application comprises the following steps: smelting various components to obtain a copper alloy liquid, and drawing the copper alloy liquid to obtain a copper alloy ingot, so that the copper alloy liquid is rapidly solidified into the ingot, segregation is reduced, and a dense initial structure is obtained; the copper alloy ingot is then homogenized to obtain a pretreated copper alloy ingot, which can eliminate component segregation and residual stress inside the copper alloy ingot and promote uniform distribution of second-phase particles; and the pretreated copper alloy ingot is then hot-rolled to crush coarse grains through high-temperature plastic deformation, refine the structure, and significantly improve the strength and processing performance of the alloy. The comprehensive mechanical properties of the obtained copper alloy rod are improved; the copper alloy rod is then subjected to annealing and cold rolling treatment, so that the copper alloy rod can eliminate internal stress and restore plasticity through annealing while hardening the copper alloy rod to improve its strength, so that the obtained semi-finished copper alloy has both high strength and good formability to meet different processing requirements; finally, the semi-finished copper alloy is subjected to aging treatment to promote the precipitation of the strengthening phase dispersed in the alloy, further enhance the hardness, strength and stability of the alloy, especially consolidate and optimize the electromagnetic wave shielding performance, and finally obtain a finished copper alloy with excellent performance and stability.

[0010] In some embodiments, smelting the components to obtain a copper alloy liquid includes: The components are placed in a smelting device for heating and smelting to obtain a copper alloy melt; The copper alloy melt is subjected to heat preservation treatment to obtain a copper alloy liquid.

[0011] In some embodiments, the step of placing the components into a smelting device for heating and smelting to obtain a copper alloy melt comprises: Put each component into the melting device and evacuate to 10 -1 Pa, fill with argon to normal pressure, and evacuate to 10 -1 Pa, filled with argon to a pressure of 6×10 4 Pa~8×10 4 Pa and then heated to 1400±5℃ for heating and melting to obtain copper alloy melt.

[0012] In some embodiments, the step of subjecting the copper alloy melt to a heat preservation treatment to obtain the copper alloy melt comprises: The copper alloy melt is introduced into a heat preservation device, heated to 1350-1450° C. and kept warm for 5 minutes, and then the temperature is adjusted to 1250-1320° C. to obtain a copper alloy liquid.

[0013] In some embodiments, in the pulling of the copper alloy liquid to obtain a copper alloy ingot, the pulling speed is 0.20-0.30 m / min, the stop time is 100-300 ms, the reverse pushing distance is 0.05-0.2 mm, and the pulling frequency is 20-40 Hz.

[0014] In some embodiments, the step of homogenizing the copper alloy ingot to obtain a pretreated copper alloy ingot comprises: The annealing device is heated to 850-950° C., the copper alloy billet is placed in the annealing device, heating is stopped after 2 hours, and the copper alloy billet is cooled along with the annealing device to obtain a pretreated copper alloy billet.

[0015] In some embodiments, hot rolling the pretreated copper alloy billet to obtain a copper alloy rod comprises: The annealing device is heated to 900-950° C., the pretreated copper alloy billet is placed in the annealing device, kept warm for 20-30 minutes, and then hot rolled; wherein the hot rolling temperature is 850-950° C., and the deformation amount is 80-90%.

[0016] In some embodiments, the step of annealing and cold-rolling the copper alloy rod to obtain a semi-finished copper alloy comprises: The annealing device is heated to 450-550° C., the copper alloy rod is placed in the annealing device, kept at the temperature for 1-2 hours, and then taken out and air-cooled to room temperature to obtain a first annealed rod; The first annealed rod is pickled with 15-25 wt % dilute phosphoric acid to remove oxide scale and then cold rolled to obtain a first cold-rolled rod; wherein the cold rolling deformation is 55-65%; The annealing device is heated to 450-550° C., the first cold-rolled rod is placed in the annealing device, kept at the temperature for 1-2 hours, and then taken out and air-cooled to room temperature to obtain a second annealed rod; The second annealed rod is pickled with 15-25 wt % dilute phosphoric acid to remove oxide scale and then cold rolled to obtain a second cold-rolled rod, wherein the cold rolling deformation is 45-55%; The annealing device is heated to 450-550° C., the second cold-rolled rod is placed in the annealing device, kept at the temperature for 1-2 hours, and then taken out and air-cooled to room temperature to obtain a third annealed rod; The third annealed rod is pickled with 15-25 wt % dilute phosphoric acid, and then cold rolled to remove oxide scale, thereby obtaining a semi-finished copper alloy; wherein the cold rolling deformation is 75-85%.

[0017] In some embodiments, subjecting the semi-finished copper alloy to an aging treatment to obtain a finished copper alloy comprises: The annealing device is heated to 350-600° C., the semi-finished copper alloy is placed in the annealing device, kept warm for 0.5-2 hours, taken out, air-cooled to room temperature, and pickled to remove oxide scale to obtain a finished copper alloy.

[0018] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or descriptions of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for preparing a copper alloy provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 This is a metallographic structure diagram of the copper alloy ingot prepared in Example 1 provided in the examples of the present application; Figure 3 This is a metallographic structure diagram of the copper alloy ingot prepared in Example 2 provided in the examples of the present application; Figure 4 1 is a metallographic structure diagram of the copper alloy ingot prepared in Comparative Example 1 provided in the embodiments of the present application; Figure 5 1 is a metallographic structure diagram of the copper alloy ingot prepared in Comparative Example 2 provided in the present application; Figure 6 This is a SEM image of the finished copper alloy prepared in Example 1 provided in the examples of the present application; Figure 7 This is a SEM image of the finished copper alloy prepared in Example 2 provided in the examples of the present application; Figure 8 This is a SEM image of the finished copper alloy prepared in Comparative Example 1 provided in the examples of the present application; Figure 9 This is a SEM image of the finished copper alloy prepared in Comparative Example 2 provided in the examples of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by this application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0022] In this application, the term "and / or" describes the relationship between associated objects, indicating that three possible relationships exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the associated objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0023] In this application, "at least one" means one or more, and "plurality" means two or more. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, "at least one of a, b, or c" or "at least one of a, b and c" can all mean: a, b, c, ab (i.e., a and b), ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can each be single or plural.

[0024] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of the present application, the size of the serial numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution. Some or all of the steps can be executed in parallel or sequentially. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0025] The terms used in the embodiments of the present application are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the present application. The singular forms "a", "an", "the" and "the" used in the embodiments of the present application and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0026] The weights of the relevant components mentioned in the examples of this application may not only refer to the specific content of each component, but also represent the weight ratio between the components. Therefore, as long as the content of the relevant components is proportionally increased or decreased according to the examples of this application, it is within the scope disclosed in the examples of this application. Specifically, the masses described in the examples of this application may be mass units known in the chemical industry, such as μg, mg, g, and kg.

[0027] The terms "first" and "second" are used solely for descriptive purposes, to distinguish objects, such as substances, from one another. They should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the technical features being referred to. For example, a first XX could also be referred to as a second XX, and similarly, a second XX could also be referred to as a first XX, without departing from the scope of the embodiments of this application. Thus, features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features.

[0028] Cu-Fe alloys are a key copper alloy in the field. Their high strength, hardness, and electrical conductivity hold broad application prospects in fields such as electrical engineering and aerospace. Cu-Fe alloy wires can be used in magnetic conductive wires, electromagnetic shielding wires, and high-conductivity and high-tension materials. Cu-Fe alloy sheets and strips can be used in smartphone heat sinks, electromagnetic shielding covers, power receiving slides, and high-thermal conductivity materials. Furthermore, Cu-Fe alloys are highly valuable metal materials with diverse properties. Their excellent thermal conductivity and high hardness make them suitable for molds. Their superior elasticity makes them suitable for electrical connectors, switches, relays, and earthquake-resistant structures. Furthermore, Cu-Fe alloys possess a unique magnetic property unique to other Cu alloys, shielding and absorbing electromagnetic waves, making them less susceptible to static electricity, sparking, and data errors. Furthermore, Fe is abundant and inexpensive, and the alloy's recycling process is free of harmful substances.

[0029] However, the existing Cu-Fe alloys still have many problems that need to be solved in practical applications. Although they have the ability to shield electromagnetic waves, the shielding effectiveness in the medium and low frequency bands is generally low due to the imprecise design of the alloy composition ratio, which makes it difficult to meet the stringent requirements of modern electronic equipment for multi-band high-efficiency electromagnetic shielding. At the same time, an excessively high Fe content will cause the toughness of the alloy to drop significantly, and cracking is likely to occur during complex processing and forming, which greatly limits its application in the field of high-precision parts manufacturing. In addition, the existing Cu-Fe alloys have insufficient oxidation resistance in harsh environments such as high temperature and high humidity. Long-term use will lead to a degradation of shielding performance and shorten the service life of the product. It cannot meet the needs of high-end fields such as aerospace and extreme environment testing equipment.

[0030] Based on this, in order to improve the problem of low electromagnetic wave shielding effect of Cu-Fe alloy in related technologies, the embodiments of the present application provide the following solutions.

[0031] A first aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a copper alloy, wherein raw materials for preparing the copper alloy include the following components: 5.0-10.0 wt % Fe; 0.2-0.4 wt % Ti; and the remainder is Cu.

[0032] It is understood that Fe 5.0-10.0 wt% means that when the total weight of the raw materials is 100, the Fe content is between 5.0 and 10.0, for example, 5.0, 8.0, 1.0, etc., but not limited thereto. Ti 0.2-0.4 wt% means that it can be, for example, 0.2 wt%, 0.3 wt%, 0.4 wt%, etc., but not limited thereto.

[0033] From the above, it can be seen that the copper alloy provided in the embodiment of the present application, 5.0~10.0wt% Fe, can effectively improve the magnetic permeability of the alloy and enhance the absorption loss of low-frequency electromagnetic waves; at the same time, the high conductivity of the Cu matrix can achieve reflection loss of high-frequency electromagnetic waves. The combination of the two forms a synergistic effect of "reflection-absorption", which makes up for the insufficient shielding effectiveness of traditional Cu-Fe alloys due to unreasonable Fe content; 0.2~0.4wt% Ti effectively inhibits the segregation of Fe phase, helps to reduce the size of primary Fe phase, promotes the precipitation of nano-Fe phase, and makes the Fe phase more evenly distributed in the Cu matrix, further optimizes the scattering and attenuation of electromagnetic waves by the interface structure, and ultimately achieves a systematic improvement in the shielding effect of multiple frequency bands (especially medium and low frequency bands).

[0034] In some embodiments, the raw materials for preparing the copper alloy include the following components: Fe 4.0-8.0 wt %; Ti 0.2-0.3 wt %; and the remainder is Cu.

[0035] With this setting, 4.0~8.0wt% Fe reduces the risk of alloy toughness deterioration caused by excessive Fe while ensuring sufficient magnetic permeability to absorb low-frequency electromagnetic waves; the Ti content is controlled at 0.2~0.3wt%, which not only ensures that it can fully play the role of refining grains and inhibiting Fe phase agglomeration, but also further enhances the scattering and attenuation ability of the alloy structure to electromagnetic waves, and realizes the precise optimization of shielding effectiveness in the medium and low frequency bands; in this composition range, the synergistic effect of Fe and Ti is more significant, and the strengthening effect of Fe and the grain refining effect of Ti cooperate with each other, while maintaining high strength, effectively improving the plasticity of the alloy, making the copper alloy less likely to crack during processing, and more suitable for the manufacture of complex structural parts.

[0036] The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing a copper alloy. Figure 1 , the copper alloy preparation method comprises: S100: providing the components of the copper alloy as described in any of the above embodiments, and smelting the components to obtain a copper alloy liquid.

[0037] S200, pulling the copper alloy liquid to obtain a copper alloy ingot.

[0038] S300, homogenizing the copper alloy ingot to obtain a pretreated copper alloy ingot.

[0039] S400, hot rolling the pretreated copper alloy billet to obtain a copper alloy rod.

[0040] S500, annealing and cold rolling the copper alloy rod to obtain a semi-finished copper alloy.

[0041] S600, performing aging treatment on the semi-finished copper alloy to obtain a finished copper alloy.

[0042] From the above, it can be seen that the copper alloy preparation method provided in the embodiment of the present application is to obtain a copper alloy liquid by smelting the various components, and the copper alloy liquid is pulled to obtain a copper alloy ingot, so that the copper alloy liquid is quickly solidified into a ingot, the segregation phenomenon is reduced, and a dense initial structure is obtained; the copper alloy ingot is then homogenized to obtain a pretreated copper alloy ingot, which can eliminate the component segregation and residual stress inside the copper alloy ingot and promote the uniform distribution of the second phase particles; the pretreated copper alloy ingot is then hot rolled to crush the coarse grains through high-temperature plastic deformation, refine the structure, and significantly improve the strength and The processing performance is improved, and the comprehensive mechanical properties of the obtained copper alloy rod are improved; the copper alloy rod is then subjected to annealing and cold rolling treatment, so that the copper alloy rod can be hardened and the strength is improved while the internal stress is eliminated by annealing and the plasticity is restored, so that the obtained semi-finished copper alloy has both high strength and good formability to meet different processing requirements; finally, the semi-finished copper alloy is subjected to aging treatment to promote the precipitation of the strengthening phase dispersed in the alloy, further enhance the hardness, strength and stability of the alloy, especially consolidate and optimize the electromagnetic wave shielding performance, and finally obtain a finished copper alloy with excellent performance and stability.

[0043] In some embodiments, in step S100, the components are smelted to obtain a copper alloy liquid, including: S110, placing each component into a smelting device for heating and smelting to obtain a copper alloy melt.

[0044] S120, performing heat preservation treatment on the copper alloy melt to obtain a copper alloy liquid.

[0045] It is understood that the melting device can be a medium frequency induction furnace, an electric arc furnace, a melting crucible, etc., but is not limited thereto.

[0046] With this arrangement, by heat-insulating the copper alloy melt after heating and smelting, the atoms inside the copper alloy melt can be fully diffused, the element distribution can be optimized, and the structural unevenness caused by local component segregation can be reduced, thereby improving the overall performance stability of the copper alloy; at the same time, the impurities in the copper alloy melt can be fully floated and discharged, reducing the negative impact of inclusions on the alloy performance.

[0047] Optionally, in some embodiments, in step S110, placing each component in a smelting device for heating and smelting to obtain a copper alloy melt includes: Put each component into the melting device and evacuate to 10 -1 Pa, fill with argon to normal pressure, and evacuate to 10 -1 Pa, filled with argon to a pressure of 6×10 4 Pa~8×10 4 Pa and then heated to 1400±5℃ for heating and melting to obtain copper alloy melt.

[0048] It is understandable that the pressure is 6×10 4 Pa~8×10 4 Pa, for example, can be 6×10 4 Pa, 7×10 4 Pa, 8×10 4 Pa, etc., but not limited thereto.

[0049] With this setup, the oxygen content in the smelting device can be significantly reduced through the two-stage vacuum pumping-argon replacement process. At the same time, the inertness of argon gas can be used to block the contact between copper and oxygen, thus inhibiting the oxidation of the copper melt. 4 Pa~8×10 4 The slightly positive pressure environment of Pa can prevent the infiltration of external air, and at the same time form a stable argon protective layer on the surface of the copper melt, reducing gas absorption during the smelting process, greatly inhibiting the burning of easily oxidized elements Fe and Ti during high-temperature smelting, thereby improving the purity of the copper melt and providing a clean matrix environment for subsequent alloying reactions.

[0050] Optionally, in some embodiments, in step S120, the copper alloy melt is subjected to a heat preservation treatment to obtain a copper alloy liquid, comprising: The copper alloy melt is introduced into a heat preservation device, heated to 1350-1450° C. and kept warm for 5 minutes, and then the temperature is adjusted to 1250-1320° C. to obtain a copper alloy liquid.

[0051] It is understood that the holding device can be a resistance holding furnace, an induction holding furnace, etc., but is not limited thereto. The temperature is raised to 1350-1450°C, for example, 1350°C, 1400°C, 1450°C, etc., but is not limited thereto. The temperature is adjusted to 1250-1320°C, for example, 1250°C, 1300°C, 1320°C, etc., but is not limited thereto.

[0052] In this setting, the copper alloy melt is heated to 1350-1450°C and held for 5 minutes. High temperatures enhance the fluidity of the alloy melt, allowing impurities such as gases and inclusions to float to the surface and escape. This temperature range also accelerates the diffusion rate of alloying elements, further evenly distributing elements like Fe and Ti within the Cu matrix and reducing localized component segregation. Subsequently, the temperature is adjusted to 1250-1320°C, a range that facilitates controlling the solidification rate and crystal growth of the alloy melt. Lower temperatures slow crystal growth, encouraging the formation of finer, denser grains during subsequent solidification. Furthermore, at this temperature, the dispersion-strengthening phase formed by the Ti element precipitates and distributes more evenly, which, combined with the strengthening effect of the Fe element, further enhances the copper alloy's overall mechanical properties, including strength, hardness, and toughness.

[0053] In some embodiments, in step S200, the copper alloy liquid is pulled to obtain a copper alloy ingot, with a pulling speed of 0.20-0.30 m / min, a stop time of 100-300 ms, a reverse pushing distance of 0.05-0.2 mm, and a pulling frequency of 20-40 Hz.

[0054] It is understood that the drawing speed is 0.20-0.30 m / min, for example, 0.20 m / min, 0.25 m / min, 0.30 m / min, etc., but not limited thereto. The stopping time is 100-300 ms, for example, 100 ms, 200 ms, 300 ms, etc., but not limited thereto. The reverse thrust stroke is 0.05-0.2 mm, for example, 0.05 mm, 0.1 mm, 0.2 mm, etc., but not limited thereto. The pulling frequency is 20-40 Hz, for example, 20 Hz, 30 Hz, 40 Hz, etc., but not limited thereto. The pulling equipment can be an upcasting machine or a continuous casting and rolling mill, etc., but not limited thereto.

[0055] Such an arrangement, through the above-mentioned pulling parameters, helps to improve the quality of the ingot and obtain a high-quality alloy ingot with uniform Fe phase distribution.

[0056] In some embodiments, in step S300, the copper alloy ingot is homogenized to obtain a pretreated copper alloy ingot, including: The annealing device is heated to 850-950°C, the copper alloy billet is placed in the annealing device, heating is stopped after 2 hours, and the copper alloy billet is allowed to cool along with the annealing device to obtain a pretreated copper alloy billet.

[0057] It is understood that the temperature can be raised to 850-950°C, for example, 850°C, 900°C, 950°C, etc., but is not limited thereto. The annealing device can be a box annealing furnace, a mesh belt annealing furnace, or a vacuum annealing furnace, but is not limited thereto, and will not be described in detail here.

[0058] With this setting, the annealing device is heated to 850~950℃. Within this temperature range, the atomic diffusion ability in the copper alloy is enhanced, and the Fe and Ti alloying elements can fully diffuse, effectively eliminating the dendritic segregation and regional composition unevenness produced in the copper alloy ingot during the solidification process; the 2-hour holding treatment provides sufficient time for the element diffusion, so that the alloy composition is highly uniform at both the macro and micro levels, laying a good foundation for subsequent processing and performance optimization; the grains of the copper alloy ingot are recrystallized under the action of thermal activation, and the coarse original grains are refined; at the same time, high temperature helps to promote the uniform precipitation and distribution of the dispersed strengthening phase formed by Ti and other elements, reduce the aggregation and growth of the strengthening phase, optimize the phase structure of the alloy, and thus significantly improve the strength, toughness and comprehensive mechanical properties of the copper alloy.

[0059] In some embodiments, in step S400, hot rolling the pretreated copper alloy billet to obtain a copper alloy rod includes: The annealing device is heated to 900-950° C., the pretreated copper alloy billet is placed in the annealing device, kept warm for 20-30 minutes, and then hot rolled; wherein the hot rolling temperature is 850-950° C., and the deformation amount is 80-90%.

[0060] It is understood that the temperature is raised to 900-950°C, for example, 900°C, 930°C, 950°C, etc., but not limited thereto. The holding time is 20-30 minutes, for example, 20 minutes, 25 minutes, 30 minutes, etc., but not limited thereto. The hot rolling temperature is 850-950°C, for example, 850°C, 900°C, 950°C, etc., but not limited thereto. The deformation is 80-90%, for example, 80%, 85%, 90%, etc., but not limited thereto.

[0061] With this setting, the pretreated copper alloy billet is kept at 900-950°C for 20-30 minutes, providing sufficient temperature and time conditions for atomic diffusion, thereby promoting further homogenization of the alloy structure. Subsequently, at a hot rolling temperature of 850-950°C, combined with a large deformation of 80-90%, dynamic recrystallization during the hot working process is used to break up the coarse grains in the as-cast structure, forming a fine, uniform equiaxed crystal structure, significantly improving the comprehensive mechanical properties of the copper alloy rod, such as strength, plasticity and toughness. At the same time, during the high-temperature hot rolling process, the large deformation enables the tiny pores, looseness and other defects inside the copper alloy billet to be compacted and welded under pressure, effectively improving the density of the alloy. The appropriate combination of temperature and deformation reduces grain growth and overheating caused by excessively high temperature, as well as work hardening and cracking caused by excessively low temperature and insufficient deformation, thereby improving the internal quality of the copper alloy rod.

[0062] In some embodiments, in step S500, the copper alloy rod is subjected to annealing and cold rolling to obtain a semi-finished copper alloy, including: S510, heating the annealing device to 450-550°C, placing the copper alloy rod in the annealing device, keeping the temperature for 1-2 hours, taking it out, and air-cooling it to room temperature to obtain a first annealed rod.

[0063] S520, pickling the first annealed rod with 15-25 wt % dilute phosphoric acid, removing the oxide scale, and then cold rolling to obtain a first cold-rolled rod; wherein the cold rolling deformation is 55-65%.

[0064] S530, heating the annealing device to 450-550°C, placing the first cold-rolled rod into the annealing device, keeping the temperature for 1-2 hours, taking it out, and air-cooling it to room temperature to obtain a second annealed rod.

[0065] S540: pickling the second annealed rod with 15-25 wt % dilute phosphoric acid, removing the oxide scale, and then cold rolling to obtain a second cold-rolled rod, wherein the cold rolling deformation is 45-55%.

[0066] S550, raising the temperature of the annealing device to 450-550°C, placing the second cold-rolled rod into the annealing device, keeping the temperature for 1-2 hours, taking it out, and air-cooling it to room temperature to obtain a third annealed rod.

[0067] S560, the third annealed rod is pickled with 15-25wt% dilute phosphoric acid, and then cold rolled to obtain a semi-finished copper alloy after removing the oxide scale; wherein the cold rolling deformation is 75-85%.

[0068] In this setting, the copper alloy rod is repeatedly annealed at 450-550°C. This temperature range effectively eliminates the internal stress generated by work hardening, promotes recrystallization, and refines and homogenizes the grains. Cold rolling deformations of 55-65%, 45-55%, and 75-85% are set at different stages to gradually increase the alloy's work hardening, improving its strength and hardness through dislocation multiplication and entanglement. The alternating annealing and cold rolling process significantly enhances the copper alloy's strength and hardness while maintaining good plasticity and toughness. Pickling the annealed copper alloy rod with 15-25wt% dilute phosphoric acid quickly and efficiently removes surface oxide scale, preventing it from being pressed into the alloy surface during subsequent cold rolling, which could affect surface quality and dimensional accuracy. Furthermore, the clean surface after pickling helps improve the adhesion of lubricants in subsequent processing, reduces friction during cold rolling, and minimizes surface defects such as scratches and cracks.

[0069] In some embodiments, in step S600, the semi-finished copper alloy is subjected to aging treatment to obtain a finished copper alloy, including: The annealing device is heated to 350-600°C, the semi-finished copper alloy is placed in the annealing device, kept warm for 0.5-2 hours, taken out, air-cooled to room temperature, and pickled to remove the oxide scale to obtain the finished copper alloy.

[0070] It is understood that 15 to 25 wt % dilute phosphoric acid can be used for pickling.

[0071] This setup, maintaining the aging temperature between 350°C and 600°C for 0.5 to 2 hours, can promote an aging reaction between the Fe and Ti elements in the copper alloy and the Cu matrix, precipitating a large number of dispersed intermetallic compounds or strengthening phases. These fine strengthening phases are evenly distributed in the Cu matrix, effectively hindering dislocation movement and significantly improving the alloy's strength, hardness, and wear resistance. By adjusting the aging temperature and time, the size, quantity, and distribution of the strengthening phases can also be precisely controlled, achieving customized control of the alloy's properties to meet the needs of different application scenarios.

[0072] The following describes the details in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0073] Example 1 1) Prepare 7wt.% Fe, 0.3wt.% Ti, and the balance copper. Place all components in a melting crucible and evacuate to 10 -1 Pa, fill with argon to normal pressure, and evacuate to 10 -1 Pa, filled with argon to a pressure of 7×10 4After Pa, the temperature is raised to 1400° C. and heated and smelted to obtain a copper alloy melt; the copper alloy melt is introduced into a holding furnace, and the temperature is adjusted to 1400° C., kept warm for 5 minutes, and then the temperature is adjusted to 1290° C. to obtain a copper alloy liquid.

[0074] 2) The copper alloy liquid was pulled by an upward continuous casting machine with the working parameters of a pulling speed of 0.25 m / min, a stop time of 200 ms, a reverse thrust stroke of 0.13 mm, and a pulling frequency of 30 Hz to obtain a copper alloy ingot.

[0075] 3) The annealing furnace is heated to 900° C., the copper alloy ingot is placed in the annealing furnace and heated for 2 hours, and then the copper alloy ingot is cooled along with the annealing furnace to obtain a pretreated copper alloy ingot.

[0076] 4) After the annealing furnace is heated to 925°C, the pretreated copper alloy billet is placed in the annealing furnace, kept warm for 25 minutes, and then hot rolled. During the rolling process, the hot rolling temperature is controlled at 900°C and the deformation is 85%.

[0077] 5) Heat the annealing furnace to 500°C, place the copper alloy rod in the annealing furnace, keep it at this temperature for 1.5 hours, then take it out and air-cool it to room temperature to obtain the first annealed rod; The first annealed rod is pickled with 20 wt % dilute phosphoric acid, and then cold rolled to remove oxide scale, thereby obtaining a first cold-rolled rod; wherein the cold rolling deformation is 60%; The annealing furnace was heated to 500°C, and the first cold-rolled rod was placed in the annealing furnace. After being kept at this temperature for 1.5 hours, the rod was taken out and air-cooled to room temperature to obtain the second annealed rod. The second annealed rod is pickled with 20 wt % dilute phosphoric acid, and then cold rolled to remove the oxide scale, thereby obtaining a second cold-rolled rod, wherein the cold rolling deformation is 50%; The annealing furnace was heated to 500°C, and the second cold-rolled rod was placed in the annealing furnace. After being kept at this temperature for 1.5 hours, the rod was taken out and air-cooled to room temperature to obtain the third annealed rod. The third annealed rod was pickled with 20 wt % dilute phosphoric acid, and then cold rolled to remove the oxide scale, thereby obtaining a semi-finished copper alloy; wherein the cold rolling deformation amount was 80%.

[0078] 6) Heat the annealing furnace to 400°C, place the semi-finished copper alloy into the annealing furnace, keep it warm for 1 hour, take it out, air-cool it to room temperature, and pickle it to remove the oxide scale to obtain the finished copper alloy.

[0079] Example 2 1) Prepare 5wt.% Fe, 0.2wt.% Ti, and the balance copper. Place all components in a melting crucible and evacuate to 10 -1 Pa, fill with argon to normal pressure, and evacuate to 10 -1Pa, filled with argon to a pressure of 6×10 4 After Pa, the temperature is raised to 1395° C. for heating and melting to obtain a copper alloy melt; the copper alloy melt is introduced into a holding furnace, and the temperature is adjusted to 1350° C., kept warm for 5 minutes, and then the temperature is adjusted to 1250° C. to obtain a copper alloy liquid.

[0080] 2) The copper alloy liquid was pulled by an upward continuous casting machine with the working parameters of a pulling speed of 0.20 m / min, a stop time of 100 ms, a reverse thrust stroke of 0.05 mm, and a pulling frequency of 20 Hz to obtain a copper alloy ingot.

[0081] 3) The annealing furnace is heated to 850° C., the copper alloy ingot is placed in the annealing furnace and heated for 2 hours, and then the copper alloy ingot is cooled along with the annealing furnace to obtain a pretreated copper alloy ingot.

[0082] 4) After the annealing furnace is heated to 900°C, the pretreated copper alloy billet is placed in the annealing furnace, kept warm for 30 minutes, and then hot rolled. During the rolling process, the hot rolling temperature is controlled at 850°C and the deformation is 80%.

[0083] 5) Heat the annealing furnace to 450°C, place the copper alloy rod in the annealing furnace, keep it at this temperature for 2 hours, then take it out and air-cool it to room temperature to obtain the first annealed rod; The first annealed rod is pickled with 15 wt % dilute phosphoric acid, and then cold rolled to remove oxide scale, thereby obtaining a first cold-rolled rod; wherein the cold rolling deformation is 55%; The annealing furnace was heated to 450°C, and the first cold-rolled rod was placed in the annealing furnace, kept at this temperature for 2 hours, and then taken out and air-cooled to room temperature to obtain the second annealed rod; The second annealed rod is pickled with 15 wt % dilute phosphoric acid, and then cold rolled to remove oxide scale, thereby obtaining a second cold-rolled rod, wherein the cold rolling deformation is 45%; The annealing furnace was heated to 450°C, and the second cold-rolled rod was placed in the annealing furnace. After being kept at this temperature for 2 hours, the rod was taken out and air-cooled to room temperature to obtain the third annealed rod. The third annealed rod was pickled with 15 wt % dilute phosphoric acid, and then cold rolled to remove oxide scale, thereby obtaining a semi-finished copper alloy; wherein the cold rolling deformation was 75%.

[0084] 6) Heat the annealing furnace to 350°C, place the semi-finished copper alloy into the annealing furnace, keep it warm for 2 hours, take it out, air-cool it to room temperature, and then pickle it to remove the oxide scale to obtain the finished copper alloy.

[0085] Example 3 1) Prepare 10wt.% Fe, 0.4wt.% Ti, and the balance copper. Place all components in a melting crucible and evacuate to 10 -1 Pa, fill with argon to normal pressure, and evacuate to 10-1 Pa, filled with argon to a pressure of 8×10 4 After Pa, the temperature is raised to 1405° C. for heating and melting to obtain a copper alloy melt; the copper alloy melt is introduced into a holding furnace, and the temperature is adjusted to 1450° C., kept warm for 5 minutes, and then the temperature is adjusted to 1320° C. to obtain a copper alloy liquid.

[0086] 2) The copper alloy liquid was pulled by an upward continuous casting machine with the working parameters of a pulling speed of 0.30 m / min, a stop time of 300 ms, a reverse thrust stroke of 0.2 mm, and a pulling frequency of 40 Hz to obtain a copper alloy ingot.

[0087] 3) The annealing furnace is heated to 950° C., the copper alloy ingot is placed in the annealing furnace and heated for 2 hours, and then the copper alloy ingot is cooled along with the annealing furnace to obtain a pretreated copper alloy ingot.

[0088] 4) After the annealing furnace is heated to 950°C, the pretreated copper alloy billet is placed in the annealing furnace, kept warm for 20 minutes, and then hot rolled. During the rolling process, the hot rolling temperature is controlled at 950°C and the deformation amount is 90%.

[0089] 5) Heat the annealing furnace to 550°C, place the copper alloy rod in the annealing furnace, keep it at this temperature for 1 hour, then take it out and air-cool it to room temperature to obtain the first annealed rod; The first annealed rod is pickled with 25 wt % dilute phosphoric acid, and then cold rolled to remove oxide scale, thereby obtaining a first cold-rolled rod; wherein the cold rolling deformation is 65%; The annealing furnace was heated to 550°C, the first cold-rolled rod was placed in the annealing furnace, kept at this temperature for 1 hour, then taken out and air-cooled to room temperature to obtain the second annealed rod; The second annealed rod is pickled with 25 wt % dilute phosphoric acid, and then cold rolled to remove oxide scale, thereby obtaining a second cold-rolled rod, wherein the cold rolling deformation is 55%; The annealing furnace was heated to 550°C, and the second cold-rolled rod was placed in the annealing furnace. After being kept at this temperature for 1 hour, the rod was taken out and air-cooled to room temperature to obtain the third annealed rod. The third annealed rod was pickled with 25 wt % dilute phosphoric acid, and then cold rolled to remove the oxide scale, thereby obtaining a semi-finished copper alloy; wherein the cold rolling deformation was 85%.

[0090] 6) Heat the annealing furnace to 600°C, place the semi-finished copper alloy into the annealing furnace, keep it warm for 0.5h, take it out, air-cool it to room temperature, and pickle it to remove the oxide scale to obtain the finished copper alloy.

[0091] Comparative Example 1 1) Prepare 5wt.% Fe and the rest copper, put all the components into a melting crucible, and evacuate to 10 - 1Pa, fill with argon to normal pressure, and evacuate to 10 -1 Pa, filled with argon to a pressure of 7×10 4 After Pa, the temperature is raised to 1400° C. and heated and smelted to obtain a copper alloy melt; the copper alloy melt is introduced into a holding furnace, and the temperature is adjusted to 1400° C., kept warm for 5 minutes, and then the temperature is adjusted to 1290° C. to obtain a copper alloy liquid.

[0092] 2) The copper alloy liquid was pulled by an upward continuous casting machine with the working parameters of a pulling speed of 0.25 m / min, a stop time of 200 ms, a reverse thrust stroke of 0.13 mm, and a pulling frequency of 30 Hz to obtain a copper alloy ingot.

[0093] 3) The annealing furnace is heated to 900° C., the copper alloy ingot is placed in the annealing furnace and heated for 2 hours, and then the copper alloy ingot is cooled along with the annealing furnace to obtain a pretreated copper alloy ingot.

[0094] 4) After the annealing furnace is heated to 925°C, the pretreated copper alloy billet is placed in the annealing furnace, kept warm for 25 minutes, and then hot rolled. During the rolling process, the hot rolling temperature is controlled at 900°C and the deformation is 85%.

[0095] 5) Heat the annealing furnace to 500°C, place the copper alloy rod in the annealing furnace, keep it at this temperature for 1.5 hours, then take it out and air-cool it to room temperature to obtain the first annealed rod; The first annealed rod is pickled with 20 wt % dilute phosphoric acid, and then cold rolled to remove oxide scale, thereby obtaining a first cold-rolled rod; wherein the cold rolling deformation is 60%; The annealing furnace was heated to 500°C, and the first cold-rolled rod was placed in the annealing furnace. After being kept at this temperature for 1.5 hours, the rod was taken out and air-cooled to room temperature to obtain the second annealed rod. The second annealed rod is pickled with 20 wt % dilute phosphoric acid, and then cold rolled to remove the oxide scale, thereby obtaining a second cold-rolled rod, wherein the cold rolling deformation is 50%; The annealing furnace was heated to 500°C, and the second cold-rolled rod was placed in the annealing furnace. After being kept at this temperature for 1.5 hours, the rod was taken out and air-cooled to room temperature to obtain the third annealed rod. The third annealed rod was pickled with 20 wt % dilute phosphoric acid, and then cold rolled to remove the oxide scale, thereby obtaining a semi-finished copper alloy; wherein the cold rolling deformation amount was 80%.

[0096] 6) Heat the annealing furnace to 400°C, place the semi-finished copper alloy into the annealing furnace, keep it warm for 1 hour, take it out, air-cool it to room temperature, and pickle it to remove the oxide scale to obtain the finished copper alloy.

[0097] Comparative Example 2 1) Prepare 10wt.% Fe and the balance copper, put all components into a melting crucible, and evacuate to 10-1 Pa, fill with argon to normal pressure, and evacuate to 10 -1 Pa, filled with argon to a pressure of 7×10 4 After Pa, the temperature is raised to 1400° C. and heated and smelted to obtain a copper alloy melt; the copper alloy melt is introduced into a holding furnace, and the temperature is adjusted to 1400° C., kept warm for 5 minutes, and then the temperature is adjusted to 1290° C. to obtain a copper alloy liquid.

[0098] 2) The copper alloy liquid was pulled by an upward continuous casting machine with the working parameters of a pulling speed of 0.25 m / min, a stop time of 200 ms, a reverse thrust stroke of 0.13 mm, and a pulling frequency of 30 Hz to obtain a copper alloy ingot.

[0099] 3) The annealing furnace is heated to 900° C., the copper alloy ingot is placed in the annealing furnace and heated for 2 hours, and then the copper alloy ingot is cooled along with the annealing furnace to obtain a pretreated copper alloy ingot.

[0100] 4) After the annealing furnace is heated to 925°C, the pretreated copper alloy billet is placed in the annealing furnace, kept warm for 25 minutes, and then hot rolled. During the rolling process, the hot rolling temperature is controlled at 900°C and the deformation is 85%.

[0101] 5) Heat the annealing furnace to 500°C, place the copper alloy rod in the annealing furnace, keep it at this temperature for 1.5 hours, then take it out and air-cool it to room temperature to obtain the first annealed rod; The first annealed rod is pickled with 20 wt % dilute phosphoric acid, and then cold rolled to remove oxide scale, thereby obtaining a first cold-rolled rod; wherein the cold rolling deformation is 60%; The annealing furnace was heated to 500°C, and the first cold-rolled rod was placed in the annealing furnace. After being kept at this temperature for 1.5 hours, the rod was taken out and air-cooled to room temperature to obtain the second annealed rod. The second annealed rod is pickled with 20 wt % dilute phosphoric acid, and then cold rolled to remove the oxide scale, thereby obtaining a second cold-rolled rod, wherein the cold rolling deformation is 50%; The annealing furnace was heated to 500°C, and the second cold-rolled rod was placed in the annealing furnace. After being kept at this temperature for 1.5 hours, the rod was taken out and air-cooled to room temperature to obtain the third annealed rod. The third annealed rod was pickled with 20 wt % dilute phosphoric acid, and then cold rolled to remove the oxide scale, thereby obtaining a semi-finished copper alloy; wherein the cold rolling deformation amount was 80%.

[0102] 6) Heat the annealing furnace to 400°C, place the semi-finished copper alloy into the annealing furnace, keep it warm for 1 hour, take it out, air-cool it to room temperature, and pickle it to remove the oxide scale to obtain the finished copper alloy.

[0103] Comparative Example 3 1) Prepare 7wt.% Fe, 0.3wt.% Ti, and the balance copper. Place all components in a melting crucible and evacuate to 10 -1 Pa, fill with argon to normal pressure, and evacuate to 10 -1 Pa, filled with argon to a pressure of 7×10 4 After Pa, the temperature is raised to 1400° C. and heated and smelted to obtain a copper alloy melt; the copper alloy melt is introduced into a holding furnace, and the temperature is adjusted to 1400° C., kept warm for 5 minutes, and then the temperature is adjusted to 1290° C. to obtain a copper alloy liquid.

[0104] 2) The copper alloy liquid was pulled by an upward continuous casting machine with the working parameters of a pulling speed of 0.25 m / min, a stop time of 200 ms, a reverse thrust stroke of 0.13 mm, and a pulling frequency of 30 Hz to obtain a copper alloy ingot.

[0105] 3) After the annealing furnace is heated to 925°C, the copper alloy ingot is placed in the annealing furnace, kept warm for 25 minutes, and then hot rolled. During the rolling process, the hot rolling temperature is controlled at 900°C and the deformation is 85%.

[0106] 4) Raise the temperature of the annealing furnace to 500°C, place the copper alloy rod in the annealing furnace, keep it at this temperature for 1.5 hours, then take it out and air-cool it to room temperature to obtain the first annealed rod; The first annealed rod is pickled with 20 wt % dilute phosphoric acid, and then cold rolled to remove oxide scale, thereby obtaining a first cold-rolled rod; wherein the cold rolling deformation is 60%; The annealing furnace was heated to 500°C, and the first cold-rolled rod was placed in the annealing furnace. After being kept at this temperature for 1.5 hours, the rod was taken out and air-cooled to room temperature to obtain the second annealed rod. The second annealed rod is pickled with 20 wt % dilute phosphoric acid, and then cold rolled to remove the oxide scale, thereby obtaining a second cold-rolled rod, wherein the cold rolling deformation is 50%; The annealing furnace was heated to 500°C, and the second cold-rolled rod was placed in the annealing furnace. After being kept at this temperature for 1.5 hours, the rod was taken out and air-cooled to room temperature to obtain the third annealed rod. The third annealed rod was pickled with 20 wt % dilute phosphoric acid, and then cold rolled to remove the oxide scale, thereby obtaining a semi-finished copper alloy; wherein the cold rolling deformation amount was 80%.

[0107] 5) Heat the annealing furnace to 400°C, place the semi-finished copper alloy into the annealing furnace, keep it warm for 1 hour, take it out, air-cool it to room temperature, and then pickle it to remove the oxide scale to obtain the finished copper alloy.

[0108] Comparative Example 4 1) Prepare 7wt.% Fe, 0.3wt.% Ti, and the balance copper. Place all components in a melting crucible and evacuate to 10 -1Pa, fill with argon to normal pressure, and evacuate to 10 -1 Pa, filled with argon to a pressure of 7×10 4 After Pa, the temperature is raised to 1400° C. and heated and smelted to obtain a copper alloy melt; the copper alloy melt is introduced into a holding furnace, and the temperature is adjusted to 1400° C., kept warm for 5 minutes, and then the temperature is adjusted to 1290° C. to obtain a copper alloy liquid.

[0109] 2) The copper alloy liquid was pulled by an upward continuous casting machine with the working parameters of a pulling speed of 0.25 m / min, a stop time of 200 ms, a reverse thrust stroke of 0.13 mm, and a pulling frequency of 30 Hz to obtain a copper alloy ingot.

[0110] 3) The annealing furnace is heated to 900° C., the copper alloy ingot is placed in the annealing furnace and heated for 2 hours, and then the copper alloy ingot is cooled along with the annealing furnace to obtain a pretreated copper alloy ingot.

[0111] 4) After the annealing furnace is heated to 925°C, the pretreated copper alloy billet is placed in the annealing furnace, kept warm for 25 minutes, and then hot rolled. During the rolling process, the hot rolling temperature is controlled at 900°C and the deformation is 85%.

[0112] 5) Heat the annealing furnace to 500°C, place the copper alloy rod in the annealing furnace, keep it at this temperature for 1.5 hours, then take it out and air-cool it to room temperature to obtain the first annealed rod; The first annealed rod was pickled with 20 wt % dilute phosphoric acid, and then cold rolled to remove the oxide scale, thereby obtaining a semi-finished copper alloy; wherein the cold rolling deformation amount was 96%.

[0113] 6) Heat the annealing furnace to 400°C, place the semi-finished copper alloy into the annealing furnace, keep it warm for 1 hour, take it out, air-cool it to room temperature, and pickle it to remove the oxide scale to obtain the finished copper alloy.

[0114] like Figures 2 to 5 As shown, the copper alloy ingots of Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were subjected to metallographic examination to obtain metallographic organization diagrams, where the dark area is the Fe phase and the light area is the Cu matrix; Figure 2 is the metallographic structure diagram of the copper alloy ingot in Example 1, Figure 3 is the metallographic structure diagram of the copper alloy ingot in Example 2, Figure 4 is the metallographic structure diagram of the copper alloy ingot in Comparative Example 1, Figure 5Figure 2 is the metallographic structure diagram of the copper alloy ingot in Comparative Example 2. It can be seen that a large amount of granular primary Fe phase is present in the copper alloy ingots of Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2. In Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the primary Fe phase is relatively coarse and has obvious segregation. Compared with Comparative Example 1, the primary Fe phase of Examples 1 and 2 is finer, the number of secondary Fe phases increases, and the distribution is more uniform. This shows that the addition of Ti element refines the Fe phase particles, promotes the precipitation of Fe phase, improves the segregation of the primary Fe phase in the copper alloy ingot, and makes the Fe phase distribution more uniform.

[0115] like Figures 6 to 9 As shown, the finished copper alloys of Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were subjected to SEM analysis to obtain SEM images; wherein, Figure 6 is the SEM image of the copper alloy ingot in Example 1, Figure 7 is the SEM image of the copper alloy ingot in Example 2, Figure 8 is the SEM image of the copper alloy ingot in Comparative Example 1, Figure 9 This is the SEM image of the copper alloy ingot in Comparative Example 2. It can be seen that compared with Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the Fe phase in Examples 1 and 2 is strip-shaped or fibrous due to the increase in the degree of rolling. The multi-stage deformation heat treatment and the addition of Ti elements further improve the uniformity, continuity and density of the Fe phase, and increase the amount of secondary Fe phase. The Fe fibers are made more regular and continuous, and their density and uniformity are improved. At the same time, the thermal stability of the Fe fibers is improved, and the recrystallization and grain coarsening of the Cu matrix are suppressed. The finished copper alloys prepared in all the above examples and comparative examples were tested for mechanical properties (tensile strength), electrical conductivity (conductivity), softening resistance (softening temperature), and electromagnetic shielding performance (30 MHz to 10 GHz). The testing methods are as follows: 1. Tensile strength: tested using an electronic universal testing machine.

[0116] 2. Conductivity: Use a DQ-1 bridge resistance tester to test the resistance of the sample, and calculate it using the formula σ=0.017241 / (ρkS / L)×100% (σ is conductivity, ρ is resistance, k is temperature coefficient, S is cross-sectional area, and L is sample length).

[0117] 3. Softening temperature: The temperature at which the hardness of the sample drops to 80% of its original value after 1 hour of isochronous heat treatment.

[0118] 4. Electromagnetic shielding performance: measured using a shielding effectiveness tester.

[0119] The test results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0120] Table 1 According to the test data in Table 1, the finished copper alloy prepared using the raw materials and preparation method of the copper alloy of the present application has fine Cu grains and uniformly distributed Fe fibers. It has excellent tensile strength, conductivity, high-temperature softening resistance, and electromagnetic shielding performance, and can meet the scenarios with comprehensive requirements for high strength, high conductivity, high-temperature softening resistance, and excellent electromagnetic shielding performance.

[0121] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A copper alloy, characterized in that The raw materials for preparing the copper alloy include the following components: Fe, 5.0~10.0wt%; Ti, 0.2~0.4wt%; The rest is Cu.

2. The copper alloy according to claim 1, wherein The raw materials for preparing the copper alloy include the following components: Fe, 4.0~8.0wt%; Ti, 0.2~0.3wt%; The rest is Cu.

3. A method for preparing a copper alloy, characterized in that: The copper alloy preparation method comprises: Providing the components of the copper alloy according to claim 1, and smelting the components to obtain a copper alloy liquid; Drawing the copper alloy liquid to obtain a copper alloy ingot; homogenizing the copper alloy ingot to obtain a pretreated copper alloy ingot; hot rolling the pretreated copper alloy billet to obtain a copper alloy rod; annealing and cold-rolling the copper alloy rod to obtain a semi-finished copper alloy; The semi-finished copper alloy is subjected to aging treatment to obtain a finished copper alloy.

4. The method for preparing a copper alloy according to claim 3, wherein: The process of smelting the components to obtain a copper alloy liquid comprises: The components are placed in a smelting device for heating and smelting to obtain a copper alloy melt; The copper alloy melt is subjected to heat preservation treatment to obtain a copper alloy liquid.

5. The method for preparing a copper alloy according to claim 4, wherein: The process of placing the components into a smelting device for heating and smelting to obtain a copper alloy melt comprises: Put each component into the melting device and evacuate to 10 -1 Pa, fill with argon to normal pressure, and evacuate to 10 -1 Pa, filled with argon to a pressure of 6×10 4 Pa~8×10 4 Pa and then heated to 1400±5℃ for heating and melting to obtain copper alloy melt.

6. The method for preparing a copper alloy according to claim 4, wherein: The step of subjecting the copper alloy melt to a heat preservation treatment to obtain a copper alloy liquid comprises: The copper alloy melt is introduced into a heat preservation device, heated to 1350-1450° C. and kept warm for 5 minutes, and then the temperature is adjusted to 1250-1320° C. to obtain a copper alloy liquid.

7. The method for preparing a copper alloy according to claim 3, wherein: In the process of pulling the copper alloy liquid to obtain the copper alloy ingot, the pulling speed is 0.20-0.30 m / min, the stopping time is 100-300 ms, the reverse pushing distance is 0.05-0.2 mm, and the pulling frequency is 20-40 Hz.

8. The method for preparing a copper alloy according to claim 2, wherein: The process of homogenizing the copper alloy ingot to obtain a pretreated copper alloy ingot comprises: The annealing device is heated to 850-950° C., the copper alloy billet is placed in the annealing device, heating is stopped after 2 hours, and the copper alloy billet is cooled along with the annealing device to obtain a pretreated copper alloy billet.

9. The method for preparing a copper alloy according to claim 2, wherein: The hot rolling of the pretreated copper alloy billet to obtain a copper alloy rod comprises: The annealing device is heated to 900-950° C., the pretreated copper alloy billet is placed in the annealing device, kept warm for 20-30 minutes, and then hot rolled; wherein the hot rolling temperature is 850-950° C., and the deformation amount is 80-90%.

10. The method for preparing a copper alloy according to claim 2, wherein: The copper alloy rod is subjected to annealing and cold rolling treatment to obtain a semi-finished copper alloy, comprising: The annealing device is heated to 450-550° C., the copper alloy rod is placed in the annealing device, kept at the temperature for 1-2 hours, and then taken out and air-cooled to room temperature to obtain a first annealed rod; The first annealed rod is pickled with 15-25 wt % dilute phosphoric acid to remove oxide scale and then cold rolled to obtain a first cold-rolled rod; wherein the cold rolling deformation is 55-65%; The annealing device is heated to 450-550° C., the first cold-rolled rod is placed in the annealing device, kept at the temperature for 1-2 hours, and then taken out and air-cooled to room temperature to obtain a second annealed rod; The second annealed rod is pickled with 15-25 wt % dilute phosphoric acid to remove oxide scale and then cold rolled to obtain a second cold-rolled rod, wherein the cold rolling deformation is 45-55%; The annealing device is heated to 450-550° C., the second cold-rolled rod is placed in the annealing device, kept at the temperature for 1-2 hours, and then taken out and air-cooled to room temperature to obtain a third annealed rod; The third annealed rod is pickled with 15-25 wt % dilute phosphoric acid, and then cold rolled to remove oxide scale, thereby obtaining a semi-finished copper alloy; wherein the cold rolling deformation is 75-85%. And / or, subjecting the semi-finished copper alloy to aging treatment to obtain a finished copper alloy comprises: The annealing device is heated to 350-600° C., the semi-finished copper alloy is placed in the annealing device, kept warm for 0.5-2 hours, taken out, air-cooled to room temperature, and pickled to remove oxide scale to obtain a finished copper alloy.

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