Method and system for testing fire resistance of fiber-wound hydrogen cylinder and related equipment

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a method and system for testing the fire resistance of a fiber-wound hydrogen cylinder and related equipment, and belongs to the technical field of hydrogen storage cylinders. The method comprises the steps that a fire test is conducted on a target gas cylinder through a fire source, temperature data of a preset position of the target gas cylinder and pressure data of hydrogen pressure are obtained, and the preset position at least comprises a composite material layer; in the burning process, when the pressure data is continuously reduced and characteristic flames generated by leakage of the target gas cylinder are monitored, it is determined that the target gas cylinder leaks, and form data of the characteristic flames are monitored and recorded; when the pressure data of the target gas cylinder is reduced to a preset pressure value, it is determined that the burning test is finished, and corresponding burning time is obtained; and performing integrity evaluation on the target gas cylinder after the burning test is finished, and determining the fire resistance according to an evaluation result, the burning time, the form data, the temperature data and the pressure data. The embodiment of the invention aims to improve the accuracy of evaluating the fire resistance of the carbon fiber wound hydrogen storage cylinder.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of hydrogen storage cylinders, and in particular to a method, a test system, and related equipment for testing the fire resistance of fiber-wound hydrogen cylinders. Background Art

[0002] In related technologies, high-pressure hydrogen cylinders made of fully wrapped carbon fiber composite materials are currently a common hydrogen storage device for hydrogen fuel cell vehicles due to their high mass hydrogen storage density, fast hydrogen charging and discharging speeds, and low cost. However, these cylinders also pose safety risks. Because the carbon fiber / epoxy resin-based composite layer is flammable, if an accident causes a car fire, the cylinder will also burn. Heat will continuously transfer through the composite layer to the plastic liner, causing the mechanical properties to degrade, leading to leakage failure, and even explosion failure. Therefore, the fire resistance of the cylinder is an important indicator for evaluating its safety in use.

[0003] At present, the fire resistance performance evaluation method for gas cylinders still uses the evaluation method for traditionally designed gas cylinders. It is difficult to accurately evaluate the fire resistance performance of hydrogen cylinders made of carbon fiber fully wrapped composite materials, and the evaluation accuracy is poor.

[0004] In summary, the technical problems existing in the relevant technologies need to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to propose a method, a test system and related equipment for testing the fire resistance of fiber-wound hydrogen cylinders, aiming to improve the accuracy of fire resistance evaluation of carbon fiber-wound hydrogen storage cylinders.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, one aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a method for testing the fire resistance of a filament-wound hydrogen cylinder, the method comprising: Performing a fire test on a target gas cylinder through a fire source to obtain temperature data of a preset position of the target gas cylinder and pressure data of the hydrogen pressure in the gas cylinder, wherein the preset position at least includes the composite material layer; During the burning process, in response to the pressure data continuously decreasing and a characteristic flame generated by the leakage of the target gas cylinder being monitored, it is determined that the target gas cylinder has leaked, and the morphological data of the characteristic flame is monitored and recorded; Waiting for the pressure data of the target gas cylinder to drop to a preset pressure value, determining that the fire test is completed, and obtaining the corresponding fire time; An integrity assessment is performed on the target gas cylinder after the fire test, and the fire resistance performance of the target gas cylinder is determined based on the assessment result of the integrity assessment, the fire time, the morphological data, the temperature data, and the pressure data.

[0007] In some embodiments, the temperature data includes a first temperature at the valve of the target gas cylinder and a second temperature at half the thickness of the composite material layer, and the valve is provided with an automatic pressure relief device. The burning process further includes: In response to the first temperature reaching a first release temperature, triggering the automatic pressure relief device to release the gas in the target gas cylinder from the valve through the automatic pressure relief device; In response to the second temperature reaching the second release temperature and the automatic pressure release device being in an untriggered state, the backup release device at the end of the bottle is triggered, and the gas in the bottle is released from the end of the bottle through the backup release device.

[0008] In some embodiments, the monitoring and recording of the characteristic flame morphology data includes: collecting a characteristic image of the characteristic flame; The length parameter and the width parameter of the characteristic flame are extracted according to the characteristic image, and the morphological data includes the length parameter and the width parameter.

[0009] In some embodiments, the integrity assessment of the target gas cylinder after the fire test includes: In response to leakage occurring in the target gas cylinder during the fire test, scanning the composite material layer of the target gas cylinder using ultrasonic tomography technology to obtain damage data, wherein the evaluation result includes the damage data; In response to the target gas cylinder not leaking during the fire test, a hydraulic burst test is performed on the target gas cylinder to obtain a residual burst pressure and a failure position, and the evaluation result includes the residual burst pressure and the failure position.

[0010] In some embodiments, the temperature data includes a second temperature at one-half the thickness of the composite material layer, a third temperature at the outer surface of the liner, and a fourth temperature of the outer surface of the target gas cylinder; the morphology data includes a length parameter and a width parameter of the characteristic flame; and determining the fire resistance performance of the target gas cylinder based on the integrity assessment result, the fire burning time, the morphology data, the temperature data, and the pressure data includes: determining a first temperature curve, a second temperature curve, and a third temperature curve according to changes of the second temperature, the third temperature, and the fourth temperature over time, and determining a temperature variation law and a temperature conduction hysteresis according to the first temperature curve, the second temperature curve, and the third temperature curve; Determining a pressure-temperature correlation curve based on the correlation between the pressure data and each temperature data at different times, calculating a pressure ratio between the pressure data and the initial pressure data during the burning process, and determining a pressure variation pattern based on the pressure-temperature correlation curve and the pressure ratio; determining a leakage level of the mapping according to the length parameter and the width parameter; The fire resistance performance of the target gas cylinder is determined according to the evaluation result, the burning time, the temperature change law, the temperature conduction hysteresis, the pressure change law and the leakage level.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, another aspect of the present application provides a system for testing the fire resistance of filament-wound hydrogen cylinders. The system is used to apply the above method, and the system includes: A temperature detection module, configured to collect temperature data of a preset position of a target gas cylinder, wherein the preset position at least includes the composite material layer; A pressure detection module, used to collect pressure data of the hydrogen pressure in the target gas cylinder; an ignition module, used to generate a fire source to perform a fire test on the target gas cylinder; A flame monitoring module, used to monitor the characteristic flame generated by the leaking gas of the target gas cylinder; a test control module, configured to determine whether the target gas cylinder is leaking based on the pressure data and the characteristic flame, determine whether the fire test is complete based on the pressure data, and determine the fire time; A data analysis module is used to extract morphological data based on the characteristic flame; perform an integrity assessment on the target gas cylinder after the fire test, and determine the fire resistance performance of the target gas cylinder based on the assessment result of the integrity assessment, the fire time, the morphological data, the temperature data and the pressure data.

[0012] In some embodiments, the temperature detection module includes a temperature sensor, a fiber grating temperature sensor and a thermocouple. The temperature sensor is arranged at the valve and the tail of the target gas cylinder. The fiber grating temperature sensor is arranged at half the thickness of the composite material layer and the outer surface of the liner. The thermocouple is arranged on the outer surface of the target gas cylinder and at the valve. The preset positions include the valve, the tail, half the thickness of the composite material layer, the outer surface of the liner and the outer surface of the gas cylinder.

[0013] In some embodiments, the flame monitoring module includes an infrared gas imager and a high-speed camera, wherein the infrared gas imager is used to capture the characteristic flame, and the high-speed camera is used to capture a dynamic image of the characteristic flame.

[0014] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, another aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a computer device, which includes a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor implements the above-mentioned method when executing the computer program.

[0015] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, another aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and the computer program implements the above-mentioned method when executed by a processor.

[0016] The embodiments of the present application include at least the following beneficial effects: The present application provides a method, a test system and related equipment for testing the fire resistance of a fiber-wound hydrogen cylinder. The scheme conducts a fire test on a target cylinder through a fire source to obtain temperature data of the target cylinder at a preset position. The preset position includes at least a composite material layer. During the fire process, whether the target cylinder is leaking is determined based on whether the pressure data continues to drop and whether a characteristic flame generated by the leakage is monitored, and the morphological data of the characteristic flame is recorded to analyze the leakage through the characteristic flame. Then, the pressure data is waited for to drop to a preset pressure value, indicating that the gas in the cylinder is basically discharged. The end of the fire test is determined, and the corresponding fire time is obtained. Then, the integrity of the cylinder undergoing the fire test can be evaluated. The fire resistance of the target cylinder can be comprehensively determined by combining the evaluation results, the fire time measured in the test, the morphological data of the characteristic flame, the temperature data and the pressure data. Compared with traditional methods for testing the fire resistance of gas cylinders, this application targets the structure of carbon fiber wrapped hydrogen storage cylinders, monitors the temperature of the composite material layer during the fire test, and combines the analysis of the flame morphology with the integrity assessment of the composite structure gas cylinder design to comprehensively judge its fire resistance and improve the accuracy of the fire resistance assessment of carbon fiber wrapped hydrogen storage cylinders. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a method for testing the fire resistance of a fiber-wound hydrogen cylinder provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Partial flow chart of step S102 in FIG. Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Partial flow chart of step S104 in FIG. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the module relationship of a filament-wound hydrogen cylinder fire resistance testing system provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of a filament-wound hydrogen cylinder fire resistance testing system provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the distribution of the temperature detection module provided in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the hardware structure of the computer device provided in the embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. When the following description refers to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the embodiments of the present application. They are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the embodiments of the present application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0019] It will be understood that the terms "first", "second", etc. used in this application may be used herein to describe various concepts, but unless otherwise specified, these concepts are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one concept from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the embodiments of the present application, the first information may also be referred to as the second information, and similarly, the second information may also be referred to as the first information. Depending on the context, the words "if" and "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at the time of" or "when" or "in response to determining".

[0020] The terms "at least one", "plurality", "each", "any", etc. used in this application include "at least one", "two" or more, "plurality" or "each", "any" or "any one", "each" or "any one" as used herein.

[0021] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application pertains. The terms used herein are for the purpose of describing the embodiments of this application only and are not intended to limit this application.

[0022] Before explaining the embodiments of the present application in detail, some of the nouns and terms involved in the embodiments of the present application are first explained. The nouns and terms involved in the embodiments of the present application are subject to the following explanations.

[0023] 1) Carbon fiber wound hydrogen storage cylinders are high-pressure, sealed containers formed through a winding process using carbon fiber composite materials as the main load-bearing structure. They are used to store high-pressure gaseous hydrogen, with a nominal working pressure of, for example, 35MPa or 70MPa. Their structure mainly consists of three layers: an inner liner (barrier layer), which ensures the airtightness of the cylinder and prevents the penetration of small hydrogen molecules. The cylinder in the embodiment of this application is a plastic inner liner containing a cylinder valve seat; a composite material layer (load-bearing layer), which is formed by a composite of carbon fiber and a resin matrix through a winding process and is the core load-bearing part; and an outer protective layer, also referred to as the outer surface in the embodiment of this application, which is a glass fiber composite material or a wear-resistant coating, which protects the structural layer from external environmental influences such as mechanical damage, ultraviolet aging, and environmental corrosion.

[0024] In the related art, high-pressure hydrogen cylinders made of fully wrapped carbon fiber composite materials are currently a common hydrogen storage device for hydrogen fuel cell vehicles due to their high mass hydrogen storage density, fast hydrogen charging and discharging speeds, and low cost. However, these cylinders also pose safety risks. Because the carbon fiber / epoxy resin-based composite material layer is flammable, when an accident causes a car fire, the cylinder will also burn. Heat is continuously transferred through the composite layer to the plastic liner, causing the liner to melt and gradually lose its sealing, allowing hydrogen to leak to the interface. On the other hand, the carbon fiber / epoxy resin-based composite material undergoes continuous high-temperature softening and pyrolysis, degrading its mechanical properties and causing the overall load-bearing capacity of the cylinder to decrease. If the hydrogen pressure in the cylinder is low or the liner melts quickly, the cylinder will leak and fail. If the hydrogen pressure in the cylinder is high and the carbon fiber / epoxy resin-based composite material degrades rapidly, the cylinder may explode and fail. Therefore, the fire resistance of the cylinder is an important indicator for evaluating its safety in use.

[0025] Currently, fire tests verify the safety performance of gas cylinders and their temperature-driven pressure relief devices (TPRDs) under fire, a key indicator for evaluating gas cylinder safety. However, due to insufficient research on the fire thermal response characteristics of plastic-lined, carbon fiber-wrapped composite gas cylinders, the fire resistance performance of gas cylinders is still evaluated using methods designed for traditional gas cylinder designs, making it difficult to accurately assess their fire resistance and resulting in poor accuracy.

[0026] In view of this, an embodiment of the present application provides a method, a test system and related equipment for testing the fire resistance of a fiber-wound hydrogen cylinder. The scheme conducts a fire test on a target cylinder 41 through a fire source to obtain temperature data of the target cylinder 41 at a preset position, and the preset position at least includes a composite material layer. During the burning process, whether the target cylinder 41 is leaking is judged based on whether the pressure data continues to drop and whether a characteristic flame generated by the leakage is monitored, and the morphological data of the characteristic flame is recorded to analyze the leakage through the characteristic flame. Then, the pressure data is waited for to drop to a preset pressure value, indicating that the gas in the cylinder is basically discharged. The end of the fire test is determined, and the corresponding burning time is obtained. Then, the integrity of the cylinder subjected to the fire test can be evaluated. The fire resistance of the target cylinder 41 is comprehensively determined by combining the evaluation results, the burning time measured in the test, the morphological data of the characteristic flame, the temperature data and the pressure data. Compared with traditional methods for testing the fire resistance of gas cylinders, this application targets the structure of carbon fiber wrapped hydrogen storage cylinders, monitors the temperature of the composite material layer during the fire test, and combines the analysis of the flame morphology with the integrity assessment of the composite structure gas cylinder design to comprehensively judge its fire resistance and improve the accuracy of the fire resistance assessment of carbon fiber wrapped hydrogen storage cylinders.

[0027] The fire resistance testing method for fiber-wound hydrogen cylinders provided in the embodiments of the present application relates to the technical field of hydrogen storage cylinders. The present application can be used in many general or special computer system environments or configurations. For example: personal computers, server computers, handheld devices or portable devices, tablet devices, multi-processor systems, microprocessor-based systems, set-top boxes, programmable consumer electronic devices, network PCs, minicomputers, mainframe computers, distributed computing environments including any of the above systems or devices, etc. The present application can be described in the general context of computer-executable instructions executed by a computer, such as program modules. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, etc. that perform specific tasks or implement specific abstract data types. The present application can also be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks are performed by remote processing devices connected through a communication network. In a distributed computing environment, program modules can be located in local and remote computer storage media, including storage devices.

[0028] Figure 1 This is an optional flow chart of the method for testing the fire resistance of a filament-wound hydrogen cylinder provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 The method may include but is not limited to steps S101 to S104.

[0029] Step S101, performing a fire test on a target gas cylinder 41 through a fire source to obtain temperature data of a preset position of the target gas cylinder 41 and pressure data of the hydrogen pressure in the gas cylinder, wherein the preset position at least includes the composite material layer; Specifically, before the test begins, the test environment is set up according to the test requirements. For example, the sensors used to collect data and the ignition module 44 used to ignite the fire source must be arranged according to the requirements of Appendix I of GB / T42610 to ensure test safety. All equipment involved in the test must be placed in their required locations and their operating conditions adjusted to the test requirements to complete the test preparation.

[0030] On the other hand, a plastic liner carbon fiber wrapped hydrogen storage cylinder is selected as the target cylinder 41 of the test object, a sensor for detecting the cylinder status is arranged on the target cylinder 41, the bottle mouth valve of the target cylinder 41 is connected to the boosting system and the pressure source through a pipeline, the target cylinder 41 is filled to the nominal working pressure of 70MPa, and then the target cylinder 41 is left to cool to the ambient temperature, thus completing the preparations before the test.

[0031] At the beginning of the test, a fire source is ignited to burn the target gas cylinder 41. First, a local fire source is started to burn the tail of the target gas cylinder 41. After 10 minutes of burning, the overall fire source is started to burn the entire target gas cylinder 41, simulating a scenario where a local fire extends to a full-scale fire. During the burning process, temperature data at preset positions and pressure data of the hydrogen pressure in the gas cylinder are obtained through pre-arranged sensors to confirm the status of the target gas cylinder 41. The preset position includes at least the composite material layer designed for the carbon fiber winding structure, that is, the temperature of the composite material layer. In addition, it can also include the temperature at the bottle mouth valve and the tail of the bottle. The pressure data reflects the pressure inside the gas cylinder. It can be understood that the pressure will increase due to heat expansion during burning, but the release or leakage of internal gas will appear as a decrease in pressure.

[0032] Step S102, during the burning process, in response to the pressure data continuously decreasing and a characteristic flame generated by the leakage of the target gas cylinder 41 being monitored, it is determined that the target gas cylinder 41 has leaked, and the morphological data of the characteristic flame is monitored and recorded; First, it should be noted that target gas cylinder 41 is equipped with a temperature-driven pressure relief device, defined in this embodiment as an automatic pressure relief device. This device is located at the valve and is triggered based on temperature. When triggered, it automatically releases the gas within the cylinder to prevent the pressure within the cylinder from continuously increasing and affecting safety. Furthermore, the term "release" in this embodiment refers to the controlled, active release of gas, while "leakage" refers to gas leakage caused by damage to the cylinder due to fire.

[0033] During the burning process, there are two phenomena that can be used to determine whether the target gas cylinder 41 is leaking. The first is to confirm the appearance of a characteristic flame. The characteristic flame can be determined by the location of the flame. For example, the flame generated by the active release of gas at the valve port does not belong to the characteristic flame, and the flame burning on the bottle body can be identified as a characteristic flame. The second is to detect that the pressure data in the target gas cylinder 41 continues to drop. This means that the gas in the bottle is decreasing and is flowing to the outside of the cylinder in the form of discharge or leakage. Based on this, combining these two conditions to determine whether the target gas cylinder 41 has leaked during the burning process, when the pressure data is detected to be continuously decreasing and the characteristic flame appears, it is determined that the target gas cylinder 41 has leaked. When both conditions are not met at the same time, it is determined that the target gas cylinder 41 has not leaked during the burning test, and the gas in the bottle may have been actively released through the automatic pressure relief device.

[0034] Furthermore, the characteristic flame morphology, primarily flame shape and size, can help personnel determine the extent of leakage and facilitate analysis of fire resistance performance. Therefore, while monitoring for the presence of the characteristic flame, this embodiment also records the characteristic flame morphology data to support data analysis in subsequent steps.

[0035] Step S103, waiting for the pressure data of the target gas cylinder 41 to drop to a preset pressure value, determining that the fire test is completed, and obtaining the corresponding fire time; By monitoring the pressure data, it is possible to determine whether the gas in the target gas cylinder 41 is completely released or leaked. A preset pressure value is set as a benchmark, such as 1MPa. When the pressure data drops to the preset pressure value, it is judged that the gas in the cylinder has been fully released or leaked, and the fire test is deemed to be over. The fire source is turned off and the post-test data collation and analysis work begins.

[0036] It should be noted that the gas in the cylinder is either released due to the automatic pressure relief device detecting a danger or leaking due to damage. If neither active release nor leakage occurs, it means that the target cylinder 41 is still in a state that can withstand the fire, and the fire test should continue. Therefore, the fire test is determined to be terminated only when the pressure data drops to the preset pressure value.

[0037] During the entire burning process, the corresponding burning time is also recorded. In addition to being a reference for the time required for the entire test, the burning time can also be compared with the time points of the state change of the target gas cylinder 41 during the burning process. For example, it can be confirmed how much time it takes for the automatic pressure relief device to be triggered, how much time it takes for the characteristic flame of the leakage to appear, etc., which can help staff analyze the fire resistance performance of the target gas cylinder 41.

[0038] Step S104 , performing integrity assessment on the target gas cylinder 41 after the fire test, and determining the fire resistance performance of the target gas cylinder 41 based on the integrity assessment result, the fire time, the morphological data, the temperature data, and the pressure data.

[0039] If a characteristic flame indicating leakage appears during the fire test, it means that the target gas cylinder 41 must have suffered perforation damage. However, even if no characteristic flame appears, invisible cylinder damage may have occurred after the fire test. Therefore, an integrity assessment is performed on the target gas cylinder 41 after the fire test, and the damage to the target gas cylinder 41 at this time is comprehensively analyzed to obtain an assessment result.

[0040] In addition, the burning time, characteristic flame shape data, temperature data and pressure data at different moments during the burning process obtained in the above steps are combined to comprehensively analyze and evaluate the fire resistance performance of the target gas cylinder 41.

[0041] In steps S101 to S104 shown in the embodiment of the present application, for the structure of the carbon fiber wrapped hydrogen storage cylinder, the temperature of the composite material layer is also monitored during the fire test, and the analysis of the flame morphology and the integrity assessment of the composite structure cylinder design are combined to comprehensively judge its fire resistance performance, thereby improving the accuracy of the fire resistance assessment of the carbon fiber wrapped hydrogen storage cylinder.

[0042] refer to Figure 2 In step S102 of some embodiments, monitoring and recording the morphological data of the characteristic flame includes: Step S201, collecting a characteristic image of a characteristic flame; Step S202 : extracting the length parameter and width parameter of the characteristic flame according to the characteristic image, where the morphological data includes the length parameter and the width parameter.

[0043] As for the shape of the characteristic flame, it can be understood that the leakage gas flow rate as fuel supply directly affects the size of the flame, and the leakage gas flow rate is also directly related to the degree of leakage. Therefore, analyzing the flame shape of the characteristic flame is helpful to help staff determine the degree of leakage.

[0044] In this embodiment, the flame size is quantitatively determined by its length and width. Specifically, a high-speed camera or other device captures a dynamic, high-frame-rate image of the characteristic flame, defining it as a characteristic image. For example, this characteristic image is grayscaled and binarized, and the foreground portion representing the characteristic flame is extracted based on the brightness difference between the flame and the background. A minimum rectangle that completely encompasses the foreground portion is drawn within the image. The length and width of the characteristic flame are determined based on this minimum rectangle, and are defined as the length and width parameters, respectively. It will be appreciated that during the burn test, the length and width parameters also change over time.

[0045] In step S104 of some embodiments, an integrity assessment is performed on the target gas cylinder 41 after the fire test, including: In response to leakage occurring in the target gas cylinder 41 during the fire test, scanning the composite material layer of the target gas cylinder 41 by ultrasonic tomography technology to obtain damage data, wherein the evaluation result includes the damage data; In response to the target gas cylinder 41 not leaking during the fire test, a water pressure bursting test is performed on the target gas cylinder 41 to obtain a residual bursting pressure and a failure position, and the evaluation result includes the residual bursting pressure and the failure position.

[0046] Specifically, the integrity assessment comprehensively evaluates the damage to the target gas cylinder 41 after the fire test. Depending on the progress of the fire test, two scenarios can be categorized: one in which the target gas cylinder 41 leaks during the fire test, indicating significant damage to the target gas cylinder 41; the other in which the target gas cylinder 41 does not leak during the fire test. This indicates no significant damage to the target gas cylinder 41, but the cylinder still experienced the fire, leading to internal gas expansion and pressurization, potentially causing structural failures. Therefore, different integrity assessment methods are applied to the two leakage scenarios.

[0047] When a leak is confirmed, the composite material layer (the main load-bearing structure) of the target gas cylinder 41 is scanned using ultrasonic tomography technology. Ultrasonic tomography technology uses ultrasound as an information carrier to collect the response signal of the object to ultrasound. It can invert the distribution of physical parameters such as acoustic impedance, density, and elasticity inside the object. If there is damage in the composite material layer, the ultrasonic signal responding to the damage position will be different. Therefore, the damage position and degree on the structure can be detected, which is defined as damage data.

[0048] Once no leakage is confirmed, a hydraulic burst test is performed on target gas cylinder 41. A hydraulic burst test involves applying pressure to a pressure-bearing product (gas cylinder) through water until it explodes and fails, thereby evaluating its structural strength, safety performance, and failure characteristics. This method utilizes the incompressibility and uniformity of water pressure transmission. The interior of the test product is filled with water and gradually pressurized to simulate the pressure environment of actual use. The test records pressure changes, deformation data, and failure characteristics throughout the entire process. Through the water pressure bursting test, the residual bursting pressure and failure position of the target gas cylinder 41 after the fire test can be measured. These two parameters can reflect the residual pressure bearing capacity of the target gas cylinder 41 after the fire test. Among them, the residual bursting pressure refers to the pressure value remaining in the system within a short period of time after the specimen explodes. The lower the value, the more complete the medium leakage and the more complete the energy release during the explosion. Corresponding to the case of complete failure, the higher the value, the smaller the failure opening and the less complete the structure is destroyed. The failure position refers to the specific part of the specimen that first suffers damage (including cracking, perforation and fracture, etc.) in the water pressure bursting test. This part actually also represents the part of the target gas cylinder 41 that is most seriously affected in the fire test.

[0049] In other embodiments, the triggering status of the automatic pressure relief device and the backup relief device can be combined to determine whether leakage occurs, thereby accurately determining whether ultrasonic tomography technology or water pressure bursting test is suitable for integrity assessment.

[0050] By performing an integrity assessment on the target gas cylinder 41 after the fire test, the damage degree of the target gas cylinder 41 after the fire is understood, thereby helping to reversely determine the fire resistance performance of the gas cylinder.

[0051] refer to Figure 3 In some embodiments, in step S104, determining the fire resistance performance of the target gas cylinder 41 based on the integrity assessment result, the burning time, the morphological data, the temperature data, and the pressure data includes: Step S301, determining a first temperature curve, a second temperature curve, and a third temperature curve based on changes in the second temperature, the third temperature, and the fourth temperature over time, and determining a temperature variation pattern and a temperature conduction hysteresis based on the first temperature curve, the second temperature curve, and the third temperature curve; Step S302: Determine a pressure-temperature correlation curve based on the correlation between the pressure data and the temperature data at different times, calculate the pressure ratio between the pressure data during the combustion process and the initial pressure data, and determine the pressure variation pattern based on the pressure-temperature correlation curve and the pressure ratio. Step S303, determining the mapped leakage level according to the length parameter and the width parameter; Step S304 , determining the fire resistance performance of the target gas cylinder 41 through the evaluation results, burning time, temperature change pattern, temperature conduction hysteresis, pressure change pattern and leakage level.

[0052] It should be noted that there is currently a lack of a specific and unique quantitative indicator for summarizing the fire resistance performance of carbon fiber-wrapped hydrogen storage cylinders. Fire resistance performance is typically reflected in multiple indicators, and each indicator may have different requirements depending on the application scenario. Therefore, this embodiment only uses multiple indicators to comprehensively reflect the fire resistance performance of the cylinder from multiple dimensions, providing personnel with comprehensive data reference.

[0053] Specifically, in the temperature direction, combined with the layered structure design of the carbon fiber wrapped hydrogen storage cylinder, more preset positions are set, and sensors capable of collecting temperature data are set at half the thickness of the composite material layer, the outer surface of the liner, and the outer surface of the target cylinder 41. Figure 6 , Figure 6 The cross-sectional view of target gas cylinder 41 is equivalent to collecting temperature data at three different depths within the cylinder's encapsulation structure, defined as the second, third, and fourth temperatures. Based on the temporal variations of the second, third, and fourth temperatures, first, second, and third temperature curves are determined, respectively. The temperature variation pattern and temperature conduction hysteresis are then extracted from these curves. The temperature variation pattern reflects the degree to which different structures of the gas cylinder are affected by fire, while the temperature conduction hysteresis reflects the efficiency with which high temperatures are transferred between different structural layers, for example, from a composite material layer to the outer surface of the liner.

[0054] On the other hand, in terms of pressure, pressure data can intuitively reflect changes in the state of the target gas cylinder 41. For example, during the initial heat exposure caused by the fire, the temperature rises, causing the gas to expand and pressure to increase. After the gas is released or leaked, the pressure will decrease, and the varying degrees of damage to the cylinder will be reflected in the rate of decrease. For correlation analysis, pressure-temperature correlation curves for the second, third, and fourth temperatures are determined, as well as the pressure ratio of the pressure data during the fire process to the initial pressure data (70 MPa), to identify moments of abnormal pressure. Abnormal pressure moments can include moments of abnormal pressure increases or decreases. These moments are identified by analyzing the slope of the curve. Based on these moments of abnormal pressure, by comparing them with the duration of the fire and the changes in the state of the target gas cylinder 41, the impact of the fire and the changes in the cylinder's state on its internal pressure can be understood, and the pattern of pressure changes can be determined.

[0055] Furthermore, as described in the aforementioned embodiment, the characteristic flame's shape is directly related to the degree of gas leakage. For each gas leakage level, a corresponding leak level can be preset and associated with different flame size sizes. For example, a flame length greater than 2 meters is considered a high-risk leak. By analyzing changes in length and width parameters, the leak level corresponding to the characteristic flame is determined. If no leakage occurs in the target gas cylinder 41 during the fire test, leak level analysis can be skipped. As for the fire duration itself, this duration is an important dimension of fire resistance performance.

[0056] By summarizing the integrity assessment results, temperature variation patterns, temperature conduction hysteresis, pressure variation patterns, and leakage levels obtained through the aforementioned analysis, personnel can fully understand the state of target cylinder 41 during and after the fire test, thereby comprehensively assessing its fire resistance performance. This improves the accuracy of analyzing the fire resistance of carbon fiber-wrapped hydrogen storage cylinders.

[0057] In some embodiments, the above steps further include: In response to the first temperature reaching the first release temperature, triggering the automatic pressure release device to release the gas in the target gas cylinder 41 from the valve through the automatic pressure release device; In response to the second temperature reaching the second release temperature and the automatic pressure release device being in a non-triggered state, the backup release device at the end of the bottle is triggered, and the gas in the bottle is released from the end of the bottle through the backup release device.

[0058] Optionally, in addition to the automatic pressure relief device, the target gas cylinder 41 may also be equipped with a backup relief device, which serves as a safety measure when the automatic pressure relief device fails. The triggering temperature of the automatic pressure relief device is defined as the first relief temperature. Generally, when the first temperature at the bottle mouth valve reaches the first relief temperature, the automatic pressure relief device will be triggered, and the gas will be released from the bottle mouth valve; but if an abnormal situation occurs and the automatic pressure relief device is not triggered, it is necessary to prepare another means to release the gas in the bottle. This embodiment solves this problem by providing a backup relief device at the tail of the bottle. An end plug is provided at the tail of the bottle. The backup relief device can control the end plug to release the gas in the bottle, and the backup relief device is associated with the second temperature for triggering. When the second temperature reaches the second relief temperature, the backup relief device is triggered to avoid the possible abnormality of the bottle mouth valve and the release of the gas in the bottle from the tail of the bottle. Among them, the second relief temperature is set to 120 , which is the softening temperature of the resin, indicating that problems begin to appear in the structure of the composite material layer.

[0059] See also Figure 4 、 5The present application also provides a filament-wound hydrogen cylinder fire resistance testing system, which is used to apply the method described in any of the above embodiments. The system includes: The temperature detection module 42 is used to collect temperature data of a preset position of the target gas cylinder 41 , where the preset position at least includes the composite material layer.

[0060] Specifically, the temperature detection module 42 is a temperature sensor used to collect temperature data at preset locations. In some embodiments, corresponding to the preset locations in the above-described embodiments, the temperature detection module 42 includes temperature sensors located at the valve of the target gas cylinder 41 (collecting a first temperature) and at the end of the cylinder; a fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor 423 located at half the thickness of the composite material layer (collecting a second temperature) and on the outer surface of the liner (collecting a third temperature); and a thermocouple 424 located on the outer surface of the target gas cylinder 41 (collecting a fourth temperature). The temperature sensor, fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor 423, and thermocouple 424 all have the ability to detect temperature, and corresponding devices are selected to suit their respective locations.

[0061] Since there are no special requirements for the valve and the bottle tail, a temperature sensor can be used. Figure 5 It can be divided into a first temperature sensor 421 set at the valve and a second temperature sensor 422 set at the bottle tail. The fiber grating temperature sensor 423 is suitable for measuring the temperature inside the target gas cylinder 41 structure, and its temperature measurement range is up to 200 , the temperature measurement accuracy is , it is necessary to first wind the fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor 423 onto the outer surface of the inner liner during the cylinder winding stage, and then wind it together with the carbon fiber composite material onto the composite material layer. The arrangement can be 4 to 5 evenly spaced along the cylinder body, with one arranged every 90° in the circumferential direction, for a total of 4 in the circumferential direction, forming a Figure 6 The distribution effect is shown; in addition, the part of the fiber grating temperature sensor 423 that will come into contact with the flame can also be wrapped with a non-combustible fireproof tape to ensure the normal temperature detection function during the fire test. The fiber grating temperature sensor 423 also needs to be connected to a demodulator, and then connected to a remote control terminal through the demodulator, and the temperature data collected is extracted through demodulation processing. The outer surface of the gas cylinder will directly contact the flame of the fire, and the thermocouple 424 has the characteristic of high temperature resistance. Therefore, the thermocouple 424 is selected for the outer surface of the gas cylinder. The number of thermocouples 424 arranged on the outer surface of the gas cylinder can refer to the fiber grating temperature sensor 423, and multiple thermocouples are arranged in the axial and circumferential directions to form a structure as shown below. Figure 6 The distribution effect is shown.

[0062] By arranging the temperature detection modules 42 in an array and selecting corresponding sensors according to the differences in the structural environment, the temperature data at each structural position of the target gas cylinder 41 can be detected, thereby supporting the subsequent comprehensive analysis of its fire resistance performance.

[0063] The pressure detection module 43 is used to collect pressure data of the hydrogen pressure in the target gas cylinder 41.

[0064] In some embodiments, the pressure detection module 43 includes a high-precision pressure sensor 431, which is set in the air inlet pipeline of the target gas cylinder 41. Based on this pipeline, the pressure data of the hydrogen pressure inside the target gas cylinder 41 can be collected in real time to achieve pressure monitoring.

[0065] The ignition module 44 is used to generate a fire source to perform a fire test on the target gas cylinder 41 .

[0066] The flame monitoring module 45 is used to monitor the characteristic flame generated by the leaking gas from the target gas cylinder 41 .

[0067] In some embodiments, the flame monitoring module 45 includes an infrared gas imager 451 and a high-speed camera 452. The infrared gas imager 451 is used to capture the characteristic flame, and the high-speed camera 452 is used to capture the dynamic image of the characteristic flame. Among them, the infrared gas imager 451 is set on both sides of the axis of the target gas cylinder 41, and at least one is set on each side. Since the flame itself releases a large amount of infrared radiation, the infrared gas imager 451 can capture the characteristic flame produced by the combustion of the leaked gas, and realize monitoring whether the characteristic flame representing gas leakage appears on the target gas cylinder 41; and the flame morphology analysis of the characteristic flame is carried out by the high-speed camera 452. The high-speed camera 452 is set in the opposite direction of the target gas cylinder 41 to focus on the characteristic flame appearing on the bottle as much as possible. The high-speed camera 452 can record the dynamic image of the characteristic flame at a high frame rate, thereby supporting the analysis of the morphology of the characteristic flame based on the image. It should be noted that Figure 5 The positions of the mid-infrared gas imager 451 and the high-speed camera 452 are for illustration only and are not intended to limit the aforementioned positions on both sides or facing each other.

[0068] The test control module 46 is used to determine whether the target gas cylinder 41 is leaking based on the pressure data and the characteristic flame, determine whether the fire test is completed based on the pressure data, and determine the fire time, thereby automating the entire test process.

[0069] The data analysis module 47 is used to extract morphological data based on the characteristic flame; perform integrity assessment on the target gas cylinder 41 after the fire test, and determine the fire resistance performance of the target gas cylinder 41 based on the assessment results of the integrity assessment, the fire time, the morphological data, the temperature data and the pressure data.

[0070] The test control module 46 and the data analysis module 47 may include several connected devices, terminals or servers to provide computing power to process data analysis tasks.

[0071] It can be understood that the contents of the above method embodiments are all applicable to the present system embodiments, the functions specifically implemented by the present system embodiments are the same as those of the above method embodiments, and the beneficial effects achieved are also the same as those achieved by the above method embodiments.

[0072] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to specific application examples: In one embodiment of the present application, a method and system for testing the fire resistance of fiber-wound hydrogen cylinders are provided. Before beginning the fire resistance test, the test system is configured and the type of target cylinder 41 is selected. In this embodiment, the parameters of target cylinder 41 are: a nominal operating pressure of 70 MPa, a fiber stress ratio of 2, a water volume of 63 L, and a total length of 860 mm. The liner is made of PA6 with an inner diameter of 343 mm, the wrapping layer is made of a carbon fiber epoxy resin-based composite material with a thickness of 26 mm, and the valve at the bottle mouth is a multifunctional valve. A first temperature sensor 421 is installed at the valve of target cylinder 41. A second temperature sensor 422 at the end of the cylinder can be directly installed using an end plug with a temperature sensor. Fiber Bragg grating temperature sensors 423 are installed at half the thickness of the composite layer of target cylinder 41 (half of 26 mm is 13 mm) and on the outer surface of the liner. A thermocouple 424 is also installed on the outer surface of target cylinder 41. Fiber Bragg grating temperature sensors 423 are pre-installed during the cylinder winding process. Temperature data collection at multiple locations is achieved through temperature sensors, fiber Bragg grating temperature sensors 423, and thermocouples 424. Furthermore, a pressure detection module 43, an ignition module 44, a flame monitoring module 45, a test control module 46, and a data analysis module 47 are arranged. The flame monitoring module 45 includes an infrared gas imager 451 for capturing the characteristic flame generated by leaked gas, and a high-speed camera 452 for capturing dynamic images of the characteristic flame. The test control module 46 is used to control the test process and achieve automated testing. The control and judgment performed by the test control module 46 will not be specifically described in the following description.

[0073] Based on the completed test system, the target gas cylinder 41 is filled to the nominal pressure and the fire resistance test is started. A fire source is generated by the ignition module 44, and a fire test is performed on the target gas cylinder 41 using the fire source. During the fire test, the first temperature at the valve of the target gas cylinder 41 is obtained by the temperature sensor, the second temperature at half the thickness of the composite material layer and the third temperature of the outer surface of the inner liner are obtained by the fiber optic Bragg grating temperature sensor 423, the fourth temperature of the outer surface of the target gas cylinder 41 is obtained by the thermocouple 424, and the pressure data of the hydrogen pressure in the target gas cylinder 41 is also obtained by the pressure detection module 43.

[0074] The state of the target gas cylinder 41 is then monitored. During the burning process, when the first temperature reaches the first release temperature, the automatic pressure relief device is triggered, and the gas in the cylinder is released from the valve through the automatic pressure relief device. When the second temperature reaches the second release temperature and the automatic pressure relief device has not yet been triggered, the backup relief device installed at the end of the cylinder is triggered, and the gas in the cylinder is released from the end of the cylinder through the backup relief device. In addition, when the pressure data continues to drop and the characteristic flame generated by the leakage of the target gas cylinder 41 is detected by the infrared gas imager 451, it is determined that the target gas cylinder 41 is leaking, and the characteristic image of the characteristic flame is captured by the high-speed camera 452. The data analysis module 47 extracts the length and width parameters of the characteristic flame based on the characteristic image to obtain the morphological data of the characteristic flame.

[0075] Wait until the pressure data of target gas cylinder 41 drops to a preset pressure value, confirming the end of the fire test, and obtain the corresponding fire time. Then, through data analysis module 47, if target gas cylinder 41 leaks during the fire test, ultrasonic tomography is used to scan the composite material layer of target gas cylinder 41 for integrity assessment, obtaining damage data, i.e., the assessment result. If target gas cylinder 41 does not leak during the fire test, a hydraulic burst test is performed on target gas cylinder 41 for integrity assessment, obtaining the residual burst pressure and failure location, i.e., the assessment result. Furthermore, based on the temporal changes of the second, third, and fourth temperatures, first, second, and third temperature curves are determined. The temperature variation pattern and temperature conduction hysteresis are further determined based on the first, second, and third temperature curves. Based on the correlation between the pressure data and the various temperature data at different times, a pressure-temperature correlation curve is determined. The pressure ratio of the pressure data during the fire process to the initial pressure data (70 MPa) is calculated, and the pressure variation pattern is determined based on the pressure-temperature correlation curve and the pressure ratio. For the characteristic flame, the mapped leakage level is determined based on the length and width parameters. Finally, the fire resistance performance of the target gas cylinder 41 is determined by comprehensively considering the integrity assessment results, the burning time, the temperature variation pattern, the temperature conduction hysteresis, the pressure variation pattern, and the leakage level.

[0076] In the embodiment of the present application, a fire test is performed on a target gas cylinder 41 using a fire source to obtain temperature data of the target gas cylinder 41 at a preset location, which at least includes the composite material layer. During the fire test, the target gas cylinder 41 is judged to be leaking based on whether the pressure data continues to decrease and whether a characteristic flame generated by the leak is detected. The morphological data of the characteristic flame is recorded to analyze the leakage through the characteristic flame. The pressure data is then waited for to drop to a preset pressure value, indicating that the gas in the gas cylinder has basically been released. The fire test is then concluded and the corresponding fire time is obtained. The integrity of the gas cylinder subjected to the fire test can then be assessed. The fire resistance performance of the target gas cylinder 41 is comprehensively determined by combining the assessment results, the fire time measured in the test, the characteristic flame morphological data, the temperature data, and the pressure data. Compared with traditional gas cylinder fire resistance performance testing methods, the present application also monitors the temperature of the composite material layer during the fire test for the structure of a carbon fiber-wound hydrogen storage cylinder. The analysis of the flame morphology and the integrity assessment of the composite structure gas cylinder design are combined to comprehensively judge its fire resistance performance, thereby improving the accuracy of the fire resistance performance assessment of carbon fiber-wound hydrogen storage cylinders.

[0077] The present application also provides a computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor implements the above method when executing the computer program. The computer device can be any intelligent terminal including a tablet computer, an in-vehicle computer, or the like.

[0078] It can be understood that the contents of the above method embodiments are all applicable to the present device embodiments, the functions specifically implemented by the present device embodiments are the same as those of the above method embodiments, and the beneficial effects achieved are also the same as those achieved by the above method embodiments.

[0079] See also Figure 7 , Figure 7 The hardware structure of a computer device according to another embodiment is shown. The computer device includes: The processor 701 may be implemented as a general-purpose CPU (Central Processing Unit), a microprocessor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits, and is configured to execute relevant programs to implement the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application. The memory 702 can be implemented in the form of a read-only memory (ROM), a static storage device, a dynamic storage device, or a random access memory (RAM). The memory 702 can store an operating system and other application programs. When the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this specification are implemented through software or firmware, the relevant program code is stored in the memory 702 and is called by the processor 701 to execute the above-mentioned methods of the embodiments of this application. Input / output interface 703, used to implement information input and output; Communication interface 704, used to implement communication interaction between this device and other devices, which can be achieved through wired means (such as USB, network cable, etc.) or wireless means (such as mobile network, WiFi, Bluetooth, etc.); bus 705 , which transmits information between various components of the device (e.g., processor 701 , memory 702 , input / output interface 703 , and communication interface 704 ); The processor 701 , the memory 702 , the input / output interface 703 and the communication interface 704 are connected to each other in communication within the device via a bus 705 .

[0080] An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the above method is implemented.

[0081] It can be understood that the contents of the above method embodiments are all applicable to the present storage medium embodiment, the functions specifically implemented by the present storage medium embodiment are the same as those of the above method embodiments, and the beneficial effects achieved are also the same as those achieved by the above method embodiments.

[0082] The memory, as a non-transient computer-readable storage medium, can be used to store non-transient software programs and non-transient computer executable programs. In addition, the memory may include a high-speed random access memory and may also include a non-transient memory, such as at least one disk storage device, a flash memory device, or other non-transient solid-state storage device. In some embodiments, the memory may optionally include a memory remotely arranged relative to the processor, and these remote memories may be connected to the processor via a network. Examples of the above-mentioned network include, but are not limited to, the Internet, an intranet, a local area network, a mobile communication network, and combinations thereof.

[0083] The embodiments of the present application provide a method, a test system, and related equipment for testing the fire resistance of a fiber-wound hydrogen cylinder. A fire test is performed on a target cylinder through a fire source to obtain temperature data of the target cylinder at a preset position, where the preset position includes at least a composite material layer. During the fire test, whether the target cylinder is leaking is determined based on whether the pressure data continues to drop and whether a characteristic flame generated by the leakage is monitored. The morphological data of the characteristic flame is recorded to analyze the leakage through the characteristic flame. The pressure data is then waited for to drop to a preset pressure value, indicating that the gas in the cylinder has been basically released. The fire test is then determined to be over, and the corresponding fire time is obtained. The integrity of the cylinder undergoing the fire test can then be evaluated. The fire resistance of the target cylinder can be comprehensively determined by combining the evaluation results with the fire time, morphological data of the characteristic flame, temperature data, and pressure data measured in the test. Compared with traditional methods for testing the fire resistance of gas cylinders, this application targets the structure of carbon fiber wrapped hydrogen storage cylinders, monitors the temperature of the composite material layer during the fire test, and combines the analysis of the flame morphology with the integrity assessment of the composite structure gas cylinder design to comprehensively judge its fire resistance and improve the accuracy of the fire resistance assessment of carbon fiber wrapped hydrogen storage cylinders.

[0084] The embodiments described in the embodiments of this application are intended to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this application. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that with the evolution of technology and the emergence of new application scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0085] Those skilled in the art will understand that the technical solutions shown in the figures do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present application, and may include more or fewer steps than shown in the figures, or a combination of certain steps, or different steps.

[0086] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, i.e., they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected based on actual needs to achieve the objectives of this embodiment.

[0087] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or some of the steps in the methods, systems, and functional modules / units in the devices disclosed above may be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, or appropriate combinations thereof.

[0088] The terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth", etc. (if any) in the specification of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequential order. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0089] It should be understood that in this application, "at least one (item)" means one or more, and "plurality" means two or more. "And / or" is used to describe the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, "A and / or B" can mean: only A exists, only B exists, and A and B exist at the same time, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the previous and next associated objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following items" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single items or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b or c can mean: a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c", where a, b, c can be single or multiple.

[0090] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely schematic. For example, the division of the above-mentioned units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0091] The units described above as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of these units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0092] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present application may be integrated into a single processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into a single unit. The aforementioned integrated units may be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional units.

[0093] If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes multiple instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of various embodiments of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store programs, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk.

[0094] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and essence of the present invention should be within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for testing the fire resistance of a fiber-wound hydrogen cylinder, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Performing a fire test on a target gas cylinder through a fire source to obtain temperature data of a preset position of the target gas cylinder and pressure data of the hydrogen pressure in the gas cylinder, wherein the preset position at least includes the composite material layer; During the burning process, in response to the pressure data continuously decreasing and a characteristic flame generated by the leakage of the target gas cylinder being monitored, it is determined that the target gas cylinder has leaked, and the morphological data of the characteristic flame is monitored and recorded; Waiting for the pressure data of the target gas cylinder to drop to a preset pressure value, determining that the fire test is completed, and obtaining the corresponding fire time; An integrity assessment is performed on the target gas cylinder after the fire test, and the fire resistance performance of the target gas cylinder is determined based on the assessment result of the integrity assessment, the fire time, the morphological data, the temperature data, and the pressure data.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The temperature data includes a first temperature at the valve of the target gas cylinder and a second temperature at half the thickness of the composite material layer. The valve is provided with an automatic pressure relief device. The burning process also includes: In response to the first temperature reaching a first release temperature, triggering the automatic pressure relief device to release the gas in the target gas cylinder from the valve through the automatic pressure relief device; In response to the second temperature reaching the second release temperature and the automatic pressure release device being in an untriggered state, the backup release device at the end of the bottle is triggered, and the gas in the bottle is released from the end of the bottle through the backup release device.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The monitoring and recording of the characteristic flame morphological data includes: collecting a characteristic image of the characteristic flame; The length parameter and the width parameter of the characteristic flame are extracted according to the characteristic image, and the morphological data includes the length parameter and the width parameter.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein The integrity assessment of the target gas cylinder after the fire test includes: In response to leakage occurring in the target gas cylinder during the fire test, scanning the composite material layer of the target gas cylinder using ultrasonic tomography technology to obtain damage data, wherein the evaluation result includes the damage data; In response to the target gas cylinder not leaking during the fire test, a hydraulic burst test is performed on the target gas cylinder to obtain a residual burst pressure and a failure position, and the evaluation result includes the residual burst pressure and the failure position.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein The temperature data includes a second temperature at half the thickness of the composite material layer, a third temperature at the outer surface of the inner liner, and a fourth temperature of the outer surface of the target gas cylinder. The morphology data includes a length parameter and a width parameter of the characteristic flame. The fire resistance performance of the target gas cylinder is determined based on the evaluation result of the integrity assessment, the burning time, the morphology data, the temperature data, and the pressure data, including: determining a first temperature curve, a second temperature curve, and a third temperature curve according to changes of the second temperature, the third temperature, and the fourth temperature over time, and determining a temperature variation law and a temperature conduction hysteresis according to the first temperature curve, the second temperature curve, and the third temperature curve; Determining a pressure-temperature correlation curve based on the correlation between the pressure data and each temperature data at different times, calculating a pressure ratio between the pressure data and the initial pressure data during the burning process, and determining a pressure variation pattern based on the pressure-temperature correlation curve and the pressure ratio; determining a leakage level of the mapping according to the length parameter and the width parameter; The fire resistance performance of the target gas cylinder is determined according to the evaluation result, the burning time, the temperature change law, the temperature conduction hysteresis, the pressure change law and the leakage level.

6. A filament-wound hydrogen cylinder fire resistance testing system, the system being used to apply the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The system comprises: A temperature detection module, configured to collect temperature data of a preset position of a target gas cylinder, wherein the preset position at least includes the composite material layer; A pressure detection module, used to collect pressure data of the hydrogen pressure in the target gas cylinder; an ignition module, used to generate a fire source to perform a fire test on the target gas cylinder; A flame monitoring module, used to monitor the characteristic flame generated by the leaking gas of the target gas cylinder; a test control module, configured to determine whether the target gas cylinder is leaking based on the pressure data and the characteristic flame, determine whether the fire test is complete based on the pressure data, and determine the fire time; A data analysis module is used to extract morphological data based on the characteristic flame; perform an integrity assessment on the target gas cylinder after the fire test, and determine the fire resistance performance of the target gas cylinder based on the assessment result of the integrity assessment, the fire time, the morphological data, the temperature data and the pressure data.

7. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that The temperature detection module includes a temperature sensor, a fiber grating temperature sensor and a thermocouple. The temperature sensor is arranged at the valve and the tail of the target gas cylinder. The fiber grating temperature sensor is arranged at half the thickness of the composite material layer and the outer surface of the liner. The thermocouple is arranged on the outer surface of the target gas cylinder and at the valve. The preset positions include the valve, the tail, half the thickness of the composite material layer, the outer surface of the liner and the outer surface of the gas cylinder.

8. The system according to claim 6, wherein: The flame monitoring module includes an infrared gas imager and a high-speed camera. The infrared gas imager is used to capture the characteristic flame, and the high-speed camera is used to capture the dynamic image of the characteristic flame.

9. A computer device, characterized in that: The computer device includes a memory and a processor, the memory stores a computer program, and the processor implements the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 when executing the computer program.

10. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is implemented.

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