Indoor physical simulation device for multi-scene landslide

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-scene landslide indoor physical simulation device, which comprises a simulation box, a trigger module, a monitoring module and a control module, and is characterized in that the simulation box comprises a first bottom plate, a second bottom plate, a frame, an earthquake simulation vibration table, an electric push rod and a landslide experiment groove; the trigger module comprises a variable-frequency vibration motor, a rainfall simulation unit, a temperature simulation unit and an underground water simulation unit, the monitoring module comprises a laser range finder, a high-speed camera and a sensor unit, and the control module comprises a PC terminal and a data acquisition instrument in communication connection with the PC terminal. The comprehensive and accurate data support is provided for researchers, the internal mechanism of the landslide process can be deeply analyzed, the usability and operability of the simulation device are improved, and the scientific research cost is remarkably reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of simulation devices, and in particular to an indoor physical simulation device for multi-scenario landslides. Background Art

[0002] Landslides are a common and devastating geological disaster, often influenced by a combination of factors, including topography, rock and soil properties, temperature, rainfall, and earthquakes. Indoor physical simulation experiments are an important research tool for in-depth study of the formation mechanisms, movement processes, and hazard-causing characteristics of landslides, enabling better prediction and prevention of landslide disasters.

[0003] However, most of the existing indoor physical simulation devices for landslides have some limitations. On the one hand, most simulation devices can only simulate a single or a few specific scenarios, and cannot comprehensively and flexibly simulate complex landslide scenarios under different terrains, different rock and soil combinations, and multiple triggering factors. For example, some devices can only simulate rainfall-induced landslides, and it is difficult to reproduce complex landslide scenarios under the coupling of multiple factors (such as rainfall + earthquake + freeze-thaw environment), resulting in a disconnect between the experiment and the actual disaster environment. On the other hand, during the simulation process, the real-time monitoring accuracy of key parameters such as stress and strain inside the rock and soil, pore water pressure, etc. is low, and there is a lack of dynamic tracking of temperature field changes (such as the attenuation of rock and soil strength caused by freeze-thaw), making it difficult to obtain comprehensive and accurate data for in-depth analysis of the internal mechanism of the landslide process. Finally, the adjustment of experimental parameters relies on manual experience, and it is impossible to dynamically optimize the simulation conditions through real-time data feedback. This is inefficient and difficult to explore the correlation laws of multiple factors.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a device that can overcome the above-mentioned defects, can be used for indoor physical simulation of multi-scenario landslides, and is convenient for real-time monitoring of key parameters. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-scenario landslide indoor physical simulation device to solve the problems of the existing landslide indoor physical simulation device having a single scene and difficulty in monitoring key parameters.

[0006] In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a multi-scenario landslide indoor physical simulation device, including a simulation box, a trigger module, a monitoring module and a control module,

[0007] The simulation box includes a first bottom plate, a second bottom plate, a frame, an earthquake simulation vibration table, an electric push rod and a landslide test trough; the frame is arranged on the first bottom plate, the second bottom plate is fixedly arranged in the frame, the earthquake simulation vibration table is arranged on the second bottom plate, the landslide test trough is arranged on the earthquake simulation vibration table, the bottom end of the electric push rod is fixed on the first bottom plate, the output end thereof passes through the second bottom plate and is connected to one end of the bottom of the earthquake simulation vibration table, the other end of the bottom of the earthquake simulation vibration table is connected to the second bottom plate by a bolt, the extension and retraction of the electric push rod drives the lifting and lowering of one end of the earthquake simulation vibration table to form an inclination angle, thereby driving the landslide test trough to form an inclination angle to simulate different terrains, and the landslide test trough is used to accommodate rock and soil;

[0008] The trigger module includes a variable frequency vibration motor, a rainfall simulation unit, a temperature simulation unit, and a groundwater simulation unit. The variable frequency vibration motor is used to control the vibration of the earthquake simulation vibration table. The rainfall simulation unit is arranged at the top of the frame. The temperature simulation unit is arranged in the landslide test tank. The groundwater simulation unit is arranged in the rock and soil to regulate the water pressure in the pores of the rock and soil.

[0009] The monitoring module includes a laser rangefinder, a high-speed camera and a sensor unit. The laser rangefinder and the high-speed camera are respectively arranged in a frame, and the sensor unit is arranged in a landslide test tank.

[0010] The control module includes a PC and a data acquisition instrument communicatively connected to the PC, and the data acquisition instrument is communicatively connected to the electric push rod, variable frequency vibration motor, rainfall simulation unit, temperature simulation unit, groundwater simulation unit, laser rangefinder, high-speed camera and sensor unit respectively.

[0011] Preferably, the adjustment range of the tilt angle of the earthquake simulation vibration table is 0° to 45°, the vibration frequency range of the earthquake simulation vibration table is 1-50Hz, the amplitude range is 0.1-10mm, and it supports multiple vibration modes such as sine waves and random waves. The telescopic stroke accuracy of the electric push rod is ±0.5mm.

[0012] Preferably, a water storage tank is provided in the first bottom plate, and the water storage tank supplies water to the rainfall simulation unit and the groundwater simulation unit through pipelines.

[0013] Preferably, a buffer part is provided at the bottom of the earthquake simulation vibration table for buffering the earthquake vibration simulated by the earthquake simulation vibration table. The output end of the electric push rod is connected to one end of the bottom of the buffer part, and the other end of the bottom of the buffer part is connected to the second base plate through a bolt.

[0014] Preferably, a pressure-bearing structure with adjustable height is provided between the second bottom plate and the buffer portion. The pressure-bearing structure is accommodated in the second bottom plate, and a top end thereof contacts the buffer portion.

[0015] Preferably, the pressure-bearing structure includes a pressure-bearing rod, a spring, a lock and a drive motor. The drive motor is communicatively connected to a data acquisition device and is used to control the lifting and lowering of the pressure-bearing structure and the opening and closing of the lock.

[0016] Preferably, the rainfall simulation unit includes a rotatable telescopic nozzle, through which the rainfall intensity and range are adjusted. The rotation angle of the rotatable telescopic nozzle is 0°-180°, and the telescopic distance is 10-50cm. The water spray flow is controlled by a solenoid valve connected to the rotatable telescopic nozzle.

[0017] Preferably, the temperature simulation unit includes a heating module and a cooling module, which combine the heating function and the cooling function to simulate a high temperature environment and a freeze-thaw environment, and the heating module and the cooling module are integrated into the side wall and / or bottom of the landslide test tank.

[0018] Preferably, the groundwater simulation unit includes a number of porous water pipes capable of regulating pore water pressure. The porous water pipes are made of stainless steel pipes with uniformly distributed micropores, the aperture of the water outlet holes is 0.5-2 mm, and the pipes are buried in layers along the rock and soil.

[0019] Preferably, the sensor unit includes a stress sensor, a strain sensor, a displacement sensor, a pore water pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor to collect dynamic data of the rock and soil mass in real time.

[0020] Preferably, the two side walls of the landslide test trough are made of high-strength transparent organic glass, which is convenient for a high-speed camera and a laser rangefinder to respectively capture the landslide movement process and accurately measure the displacement change.

[0021] Preferably, the PC terminal includes an artificial intelligence module, and the artificial intelligence module includes:

[0022] Data learning unit, predicting landslide critical state through LSTM / CNN algorithm;

[0023] Dynamic decision-making unit, which adjusts trigger module parameters in real time based on reinforcement learning;

[0024] The scenario generation unit automatically generates simulation parameter combinations based on GIS data.

[0025] Preferably, the PC terminal also includes a human-computer interaction interface that supports voice command input, automatic generation of experimental reports, and three-dimensional visual data display.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: it can simulate landslide conditions in various scenarios, and through the various combination settings of the trigger modules, it can simulate the landslide process under the separate or combined action of various factors such as different terrain slopes, different temperatures, different rainfall intensities, and different earthquake levels, which greatly improves the comprehensiveness and flexibility of the simulation and helps to conduct in-depth research on the formation mechanism and disaster-causing characteristics of landslides; the monitoring module can monitor the temperature, stress, strain, pore water pressure, humidity and other key parameters of the rock and soil body in real time and accurately, and the PC end can process and analyze the monitoring data in a timely manner, providing researchers with comprehensive and accurate data support, which is conducive to in-depth analysis of the internal mechanism of the landslide process, improving the usability and operability of the simulation device, and significantly reducing scientific research costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of this embodiment;

[0028] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of this embodiment;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the tilt angle state of this embodiment;

[0030] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the landslide test trough of this embodiment;

[0031] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the heating module of this embodiment;

[0032] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the cooling module of this embodiment;

[0033] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the groundwater simulation unit of this embodiment;

[0034] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the rainfall simulation unit and the sensor unit of this embodiment.

[0035] In the figure: 1. First base plate; 2. Second base plate; 3. Frame; 4. Earthquake simulation vibration table; 5. Electric push rod; 6. Landslide test trough; 7. Rock and soil; 8. Rainfall simulation unit; 9. Groundwater simulation unit; 10. Laser rangefinder; 11. High-speed camera; 12. Sensor unit; 13. PC terminal; 14. Data acquisition instrument; 15. Buffer; 16. Pressure-bearing structure; 17. Rotatable and retractable nozzle; 18. Solenoid valve; 19. Heating module; 20. Cooling module; 21. Porous water pipe; 22. Stress sensor; 23. Strain sensor; 24. Displacement sensor; 25. Pore water pressure sensor; 26. Temperature sensor; 27. Humidity sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings so that the advantages and features of the present invention can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, thereby making a clearer and more precise definition of the protection scope of the present invention.

[0037] See also Figures 1-8 This embodiment discloses a multi-scenario landslide indoor physical simulation device, including a simulation box, a trigger module, a monitoring module, and a control module.

[0038] The simulation box includes a first bottom plate 1, a second bottom plate 2, a frame 3, an earthquake simulation vibration table 4, an electric push rod 5 and a landslide test trough 6; the frame 3 is fixedly arranged on the first bottom plate 1, the second bottom plate 2 is fixedly arranged in the frame 3, there is a certain vertical height between the first bottom plate 1 and the second bottom plate 2, the earthquake simulation vibration table 4 is arranged on the second bottom plate 2, the landslide test trough 6 is arranged on the earthquake simulation vibration table 4, the bottom end of the electric push rod 5 is fixed on the first bottom plate 1, and the output end thereof passes through the second bottom plate 2 and the earthquake simulation vibration table 4. One end of the bottom of the platform 4 is connected, and the other end of the bottom of the earthquake simulation vibration platform 4 is connected to the second bottom plate 2 by a bolt. The earthquake simulation vibration platform 4 and the second bottom plate 2 are hingedly connected. The extension and retraction of the electric push rod 5 drives the lifting and lowering of one end of the earthquake simulation vibration platform 4 to form an inclined angle, thereby driving the landslide test trough 6 to form an inclined angle to simulate different terrain slopes. The landslide test trough 6 is used to accommodate rock and soil 7. Transparent observation windows are provided on the two side walls of the landslide test trough 6 and the walls around the frame 3 to facilitate real-time observation of the simulation process.

[0039] The trigger module includes a variable frequency vibration motor, a rainfall simulation unit 8, a temperature simulation unit, and a groundwater simulation unit 9. The variable frequency vibration motor is used to control the vibration of the earthquake simulation vibration table 4, simulating an earthquake by generating vibrations of different frequencies and amplitudes. The rainfall simulation unit 8 is arranged at the top of the frame 3 and above the landslide test trough 6, and can simulate rainfall processes of different intensities and rainfall patterns. The temperature simulation unit is arranged in the landslide test trough 6, and is used to simulate the effects of different temperature environments on the physical properties of the rock and soil 7. The groundwater simulation unit 9 is arranged in the rock and soil 7, and is used to regulate the water pressure in the pores of the rock and soil 7 to simulate different groundwater levels.

[0040] The monitoring module includes a laser rangefinder 10, a high-speed camera 11 and a sensor unit 12. The laser rangefinder 10 and the high-speed camera 11 are respectively arranged in the frame 3, and the sensor unit 12 is arranged in the landslide test tank 6;

[0041] The control module includes a PC terminal 13 and a data acquisition device 14 that is communicatively connected to the PC terminal 13. The data acquisition device 14 is communicatively connected to the electric push rod 5, the variable frequency vibration motor, the rainfall simulation unit 8, the temperature simulation unit, the groundwater simulation unit 9, the laser rangefinder 10, the high-speed camera 11 and the sensor unit 12. The data acquisition device 14 transmits the collected or monitored data to the PC terminal 13 in real time.

[0042] In one embodiment, the adjustment range of the tilt angle of the earthquake simulation vibration table 4 is 0° to 45°, the vibration frequency range of the earthquake simulation vibration table 4 is 1-50Hz, the amplitude range is 0.1-10mm, and it supports multiple vibration modes such as sine waves and random waves. The telescopic stroke accuracy of the electric push rod 5 is ±0.5mm.

[0043] In one embodiment, a water storage tank is provided in the first bottom plate 1 , and the water storage tank supplies water to the rainfall simulation unit 8 and the groundwater simulation unit 9 through pipelines.

[0044] In one embodiment, a buffer portion 15 is provided at the bottom of the earthquake simulation vibration table 4 for buffering the earthquake vibration simulated by the earthquake simulation vibration table 4. The buffer portion 15 is fixedly connected to the earthquake simulation vibration table 4. The output end of the electric push rod 5 is connected to one end of the bottom of the buffer portion 15. The other end of the bottom of the buffer portion 15 is connected to the second bottom plate 2 through a bolt. The buffer portion 15 is hingedly connected to the second bottom plate 2. The extension and retraction of the electric push rod 5 drives the lifting and lowering of one end of the buffer portion 15 to form an inclined angle, thereby driving the earthquake simulation vibration table 4 and the landslide test trough 6 to form an inclined angle to simulate different terrain slopes.

[0045] In one embodiment, a pressure-bearing structure 16 with adjustable height is provided between the second base plate 2 and the buffer portion 15. The pressure-bearing structure 16 is housed in the second base plate 2, and its top end is in conflict with the buffer portion 15. The pressure-bearing structure 16 is used to support the buffer portion 15 in an inclined angle state, so that the top end of the output end of the electric push rod 5 can be separated from the bottom of the buffer portion 15, thereby further protecting the electric push rod 5.

[0046] In one embodiment, the pressure-bearing structure 16 includes a pressure-bearing rod, a spring, a lock and a drive motor. The drive motor is communicated with the data acquisition device 14 and is used to control the lifting and lowering of the pressure-bearing structure 16 and the opening and closing of the lock. The pressure-bearing rod is arranged in the middle, the spring is arranged on the outside of the pressure-bearing rod, and the lock is arranged on the pressure-bearing rod for locking the lifting height.

[0047] In one embodiment, the rainfall simulation unit 8 includes a rotatable telescopic nozzle 17, through which the rainfall intensity and range are adjusted. The rotation angle of the rotatable telescopic nozzle 17 is 0°-180°, and the telescopic distance is 10-50 cm. The water spray flow is controlled by an electromagnetic valve 18 connected to the rotatable telescopic nozzle 17.

[0048] In one embodiment, the temperature simulation unit includes a heating module 19 and a cooling module 20, which combine the heating function and the cooling function to simulate a high temperature environment and a freeze-thaw environment. The heating module 19 and the cooling module 20 are integrated into the side wall and / or bottom of the landslide test tank 6.

[0049] In one embodiment, the groundwater simulation unit 9 includes a plurality of porous water pipes 21 capable of regulating pore water pressure. The porous water pipes 21 are stainless steel pipes with uniformly distributed micropores, the aperture of the water outlet is 0.5-2 mm, and the water pipes are buried in layers along the rock mass 7.

[0050] In one embodiment, the sensor unit 12 includes a stress sensor 22 , a strain sensor 23 , a displacement sensor 24 , a pore water pressure sensor 25 , a temperature sensor 26 and a humidity sensor 27 , which collect dynamic data of the rock mass 7 in real time.

[0051] The temperature sensor 26 is buried at different depths in the rock and soil 7 in the landslide test trough 6 to monitor the temperature changes inside the rock and soil 7 in real time; the stress sensor 22 and the strain sensor 23 are also buried at different depths in the rock and soil 7 in the landslide test trough 6 to monitor the stress and strain conditions inside the rock and soil 7 in real time; the pore water pressure sensor 25 is also buried in the rock and soil 7 in the landslide test trough 6 to monitor the changes in pore water pressure; the displacement sensor 24 is a laser beam, which is set on the top plate of the landslide test trough 6 to monitor the displacement of the rock and soil 7; the humidity sensor 27 is distributed at different positions in the landslide test trough 6 to monitor the humidity changes of the rock and soil 7.

[0052] In one embodiment, the two side walls of the landslide test tank 6 are made of high-strength transparent organic glass, which facilitates the high-speed camera 11 and the laser rangefinder 10 to capture the landslide movement process and accurately measure the displacement change.

[0053] In one embodiment, the PC 13 includes an artificial intelligence module, which includes:

[0054] Data learning unit, predicting landslide critical state through LSTM / CNN algorithm;

[0055] Dynamic decision-making unit, which adjusts trigger module parameters in real time based on reinforcement learning;

[0056] The scenario generation unit automatically generates simulation parameter combinations based on GIS data.

[0057] In one embodiment, the PC terminal 13 also includes a human-computer interaction interface, which supports voice command input, automatic generation of experimental reports and three-dimensional visual data display. The PC terminal 13 facilitates operators to perform parameter setting, simulation process control and data viewing through the human-computer interaction interface.

[0058] The PC terminal 13 also includes a data acquisition module, a data processing module and a control instruction output module; the data acquisition module is used to receive various sensor data transmitted by the monitoring system; the data processing module analyzes and processes the collected data, such as drawing stress-strain curves, pore water pressure change curves, etc.; the control instruction output module issues control instructions to the trigger module and the electric push rod 5 according to the pre-set simulation parameters and the analysis results of the data processing module to achieve precise control of the simulation process.

[0059] Implementation steps include:

[0060] (1) Device installation and preparation

[0061] 1. Install the device in a suitable location indoors according to the design requirements, ensuring that the landslide installation slot 6, trigger module, monitoring module and control module are firmly connected and the power supply is stable.

[0062] 2. Clean the landslide test tank 6 to ensure that its interior is clean and tidy, and there is no debris that affects the simulation effect.

[0063] (2) Simulation parameter setting

[0064] 1. The operator sets various parameters required for the simulation scenario through the human-computer interaction interface of the PC terminal 13. For example, the simulated terrain slope is set to 30°, the rainfall intensity is set to 50 mm / h, the earthquake intensity is set to 4.5 on the Richter scale, and the groundwater level is set to 20 cm from the bottom of the landslide test tank.

[0065] (3) Simulated terrain settings

[0066] 1. According to the set terrain slope parameters, the PC terminal 13 controls the electric push rod 5 at the bottom of the landslide test tank 6 to adjust the inclination angle of the buffer part 15 to reach the set slope of 30°, forming the corresponding terrain slope.

[0067] (4) Rock and soil filling

[0068] 1. Fill the pre-prepared rock and soil 7 materials into the landslide test trough 6 according to a certain density and method, ensuring that the rock and soil 7 materials are evenly distributed in the landslide test trough 6.

[0069] (5) Trigger simulation conditions

[0070] 1. When it is necessary to simulate rainfall-induced landslides:

[0071] 1. The rotatable and retractable nozzle 17 of the rainfall simulation unit 8 starts spraying water according to the set intensity (50 mm / h) and mode (such as uniform spraying) to simulate the rainfall process.

[0072] 2. When it is necessary to simulate earthquake-induced landslides:

[0073] The variable frequency vibration motor of the earthquake simulation vibration table 4 starts to vibrate according to the set frequency and amplitude (corresponding to a magnitude 4.5 earthquake on the Richter scale) to simulate the action of an earthquake.

[0074] 3. When it is necessary to simulate landslides under the action of groundwater:

[0075] The porous water pipes 21 of the groundwater simulation unit 9 change the pore water pressure of the rock and soil body 7 by adjusting the water supply, thereby simulating different groundwater levels.

[0076] (6) Real-time monitoring and data analysis

[0077] 1. During the simulation process, the laser rangefinder 10, high-speed camera 11 and various sensors in the monitoring module monitor key parameters such as stress, strain, pore water pressure, temperature, humidity inside the rock and soil body 7 and external displacement in real time.

[0078] 2. The data processing module of the PC terminal 13 analyzes and processes these data, such as drawing stress-strain curves, pore water pressure change curves, etc. The operator can view these data and analysis results through the human-computer interaction interface to timely understand the progress of the simulation process and the occurrence and development mechanism of the landslide.

[0079] (VII) Parameter adjustment and in-depth research

[0080] According to the data analysis results and the actual situation of the simulation process, the PC terminal 13 can adjust the parameters of each module in a timely manner, such as changing the temperature, rainfall intensity, earthquake frequency, etc., to further study the characteristics of landslides under different conditions.

[0081] Through the above specific implementation methods, the device can effectively simulate landslide conditions in various scenarios, and conduct in-depth research on the formation mechanism and disaster-causing characteristics of landslides through real-time monitoring and data analysis.

[0082] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention. Its purpose is to enable people familiar with this technology to understand the content of the present invention and implement it. It cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-scenario landslide indoor physical simulation device, characterized in that: Including simulation box, trigger module, monitoring module and control module, The simulation box includes a first bottom plate, a second bottom plate, a frame, an earthquake simulation vibration table, an electric push rod and a landslide test trough; the frame is arranged on the first bottom plate, the second bottom plate is fixedly arranged in the frame, the earthquake simulation vibration table is arranged on the second bottom plate, the landslide test trough is arranged on the earthquake simulation vibration table, the bottom end of the electric push rod is fixed on the first bottom plate, the output end thereof passes through the second bottom plate and is connected to one end of the bottom of the earthquake simulation vibration table, the other end of the bottom of the earthquake simulation vibration table is connected to the second bottom plate by a bolt, the extension and retraction of the electric push rod drives the lifting and lowering of one end of the earthquake simulation vibration table to form an inclined angle, and the landslide test trough is used to accommodate rock and soil; The trigger module includes a variable frequency vibration motor, a rainfall simulation unit, a temperature simulation unit, and a groundwater simulation unit. The variable frequency vibration motor is used to control the vibration of the earthquake simulation vibration table. The rainfall simulation unit is arranged at the top of the frame. The temperature simulation unit is arranged in the landslide test tank. The groundwater simulation unit is arranged in the rock and soil to regulate the water pressure in the pores of the rock and soil. The monitoring module includes a laser rangefinder, a high-speed camera and a sensor unit. The laser rangefinder and the high-speed camera are respectively arranged in a frame, and the sensor unit is arranged in a landslide test tank. The control module includes a PC and a data acquisition instrument communicatively connected to the PC, and the data acquisition instrument is communicatively connected to the electric push rod, variable frequency vibration motor, rainfall simulation unit, temperature simulation unit, groundwater simulation unit, laser rangefinder, high-speed camera and sensor unit respectively.

2. The multi-scenario landslide indoor physical simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tilt angle of the earthquake simulation vibration table can be adjusted from 0° to 45°, the vibration frequency range of the earthquake simulation vibration table is 1-50Hz, the amplitude range is 0.1-10mm, and it supports multiple vibration modes such as sine waves and random waves. The telescopic stroke accuracy of the electric push rod is ±0.5mm.

3. The multi-scenario landslide indoor physical simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water storage tank is provided in the first bottom plate, and the water storage tank supplies water to the rainfall simulation unit and the groundwater simulation unit through pipelines.

4. The multi-scenario landslide indoor physical simulation device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A buffer part is provided at the bottom of the earthquake simulation vibration table for buffering the earthquake vibration simulated by the earthquake simulation vibration table. The output end of the electric push rod is connected to one end of the bottom of the buffer part, and the other end of the bottom of the buffer part is connected to the second base plate through a bolt.

5. The multi-scenario landslide indoor physical simulation device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: A pressure-bearing structure with adjustable height is provided between the second bottom plate and the buffer portion. The pressure-bearing structure is accommodated in the second bottom plate, and a top end thereof contacts the buffer portion.

6. The multi-scenario landslide indoor physical simulation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pressure-bearing structure includes a pressure-bearing rod, a spring, a lock and a drive motor. The drive motor is communicatively connected to a data acquisition instrument and is used to control the lifting and lowering of the pressure-bearing structure and the opening and closing of the lock.

7. The multi-scenario landslide indoor physical simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rainfall simulation unit includes a rotatable telescopic nozzle, through which the rainfall intensity and range are adjusted. The rotation angle of the rotatable telescopic nozzle is 0°-180°, and the telescopic distance is 10-50cm. The water spray flow is controlled by a solenoid valve connected to the rotatable telescopic nozzle.

8. The multi-scenario landslide indoor physical simulation device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The temperature simulation unit includes a heating module and a cooling module, which combines heating and cooling functions to simulate high temperature environments and freeze-thaw environments.

9. The multi-scenario landslide indoor physical simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The groundwater simulation unit includes a number of porous water pipes capable of regulating pore water pressure. The porous water pipes are stainless steel pipes with uniformly distributed micropores, the aperture of the water outlet holes is 0.5-2 mm, and the pipes are buried in layers along the rock and soil.

10. The multi-scenario landslide indoor physical simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensor unit includes a stress sensor, a strain sensor, a displacement sensor, a pore water pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor, and collects dynamic data of the rock and soil body in real time.

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