Phase modulation beam generation method, device, computer equipment and storage medium

Abstract

This application relates to a method, apparatus, computer device, and storage medium for generating phase-modulated beams. The method includes: setting target phase-modulated beam characteristics and performance indicators; determining the array manifold matrix based on the antenna array configuration; introducing auxiliary variables, constructing constraints based on the array manifold matrix and performance indicators, and establishing a constrained convex optimization model; solving the model, and determining the beam pattern based on the obtained array excitation coefficients; calculating the difference between the amplitude response and sidelobe level at each point in the transition region, and iterating using an adaptive iterative optimization mechanism based on the difference and a preset amplitude difference threshold to obtain the optimal array excitation coefficients. This method achieves accurate generation of the target phase-modulated beam pattern. The resulting pattern, while strictly meeting the requirements for main lobe amplitude distribution accuracy and phase distribution accuracy, has a low sidelobe level and the narrowest transition region width, providing strong support for high-resolution radar forward-looking imaging.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of array radar beamforming technology, and relates to a phase modulation beam generation method, apparatus, computer equipment, and storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] Forward-looking radar imaging can obtain the terrain and feature characteristics of the area ahead by actively emitting electromagnetic waves and processing the target echo. It has wide applications in civilian fields such as terrain mapping, airdrop of supplies, autonomous landing of aircraft, and intelligent driving of vehicles.

[0003] Traditional forward-looking radar imaging methods typically employ a Sinc-type beam to image the area in front. In this imaging mode, different targets within the same beam exhibit similar echo characteristics, making effective differentiation impossible and limiting the resolution performance of forward-looking radar imaging. Research indicates that modulating the phase distribution of the radar beam pattern can effectively enhance target echo differences, thereby improving the resolution performance of forward-looking radar imaging. Antenna arrays are one of the mainstream methods for achieving pattern modulation; however, traditional array pattern modulation methods usually only focus on the beam amplitude response. When directly applied to the generation of phase-modulated beams, the beam control precision is insufficient, resulting in a significant difference between the phase distribution of the obtained pattern within the main lobe and the expected pattern, thus limiting the improvement in imaging resolution. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems existing in the above-mentioned traditional methods, this invention proposes a phase modulation beam generation method, apparatus, computer equipment, and storage medium that can simultaneously achieve low sidelobe levels and a narrow transition region, providing strong support for high-resolution radar forward-looking imaging.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of the present invention adopt the following technical solutions:

[0006] On the one hand, a phase-modulated beam generation method is provided, the method comprising the steps of:

[0007] Step S1: Set the target phase modulation beam characteristics and performance indicators.

[0008] Step S2: Obtain the array manifold matrix based on the antenna array configuration.

[0009] Step S3: Introduce auxiliary variables, construct constraints based on the array manifold matrix and performance indicators, and establish a constrained convex optimization model for phase modulation beam generation; wherein, the objective function of the constrained convex optimization model is to minimize the transition region width, and the constraints include main lobe amplitude error constraint, main lobe phase error constraint, side lobe level constraint, and transition region monotonicity constraint.

[0010] Step S4: Solve the constrained convex optimization model to obtain the array excitation coefficients corresponding to the target radiation pattern under the current visible area division method.

[0011] Step S5: Derive the actual generated beam pattern based on the array excitation coefficients; calculate the difference between the amplitude response and the sidelobe level at each point in the transition region; and iterate using an adaptive iterative optimization mechanism based on the difference and a preset amplitude difference threshold to obtain the optimal array excitation coefficients.

[0012] On the other hand, a phase-modulated beam generating apparatus is also provided, the apparatus comprising:

[0013] The beam characteristics and performance index setting module is used to set the target phase modulation beam characteristics and performance index.

[0014] The array manifold matrix determination module is used to obtain the array manifold matrix based on the antenna array configuration.

[0015] The constrained convex optimization model building module is used to introduce auxiliary variables, construct constraints based on the array manifold matrix and performance indicators, and establish a constrained convex optimization model for phase modulation beam generation. The objective function of the constrained convex optimization model is to minimize the transition region width, and the constraints include main lobe amplitude error constraint, main lobe phase error constraint, side lobe level constraint, and transition region monotonicity constraint.

[0016] The constrained convex optimization model solving module is used to solve the constrained convex optimization model and obtain the array excitation coefficients corresponding to the target radiation pattern under the current visible area division method.

[0017] The iterative optimization module is used to deduce the actual generated beam pattern based on the array excitation coefficients; calculate the difference between the amplitude response and the sidelobe level at each point in the transition region; and continue iterating using an adaptive iterative optimization mechanism based on the difference and a preset amplitude difference threshold to obtain the optimal array excitation coefficients.

[0018] In another aspect, a computer device is also provided, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the phase modulation beam generation method described above.

[0019] In another aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is also provided, on which a computer program is stored, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the phase modulation beam generation method described above are implemented.

[0020] One of the above technical solutions has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0021] The aforementioned phase-modulated beam generation method, apparatus, computer equipment, and storage medium include the following steps: setting target phase-modulated beam characteristics and performance indicators; obtaining the array manifold matrix based on the antenna array configuration; introducing auxiliary variables and constructing constraint conditions based on the array manifold matrix and performance indicators to establish a constrained convex optimization model for phase-modulated beam generation; solving the constrained convex optimization model and deriving the actual generated beam pattern based on the obtained array excitation coefficients; calculating the difference between the amplitude response and sidelobe level at each point in the transition region; and iterating using an adaptive iterative optimization mechanism based on the difference and a preset amplitude difference threshold to obtain the optimal array excitation coefficients. This method, through an adaptive iterative optimization mechanism, achieves accurate generation of the target phase-modulated beam pattern. The resulting pattern, while strictly meeting the requirements for main lobe amplitude distribution accuracy and phase distribution accuracy, exhibits low sidelobe levels and the narrowest transition region width, providing strong support for high-resolution radar forward-looking imaging. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the conventional technology, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the conventional technology will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a phase-modulated beam generation method in one embodiment;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the process for precise generation of phase-modulated beams according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the geometric configuration of the array radar transmitting antenna and the radar forward-looking imaging observation coordinate system used in a simulation of one embodiment;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram comparing the accuracy of a linear phase-modulated beam generated using the traditional Fourier synthesis method with that of a target beam in one embodiment.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram comparing the accuracy of a linear phase-modulated beam generated using the method of the present invention with that of a target beam in one embodiment.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the theoretical distribution of the observed targets used in a radar forward-looking imaging simulation in one embodiment;

[0029] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram comparing the imaging results obtained by forward-looking imaging using a beam generated by a conventional Fourier synthesis method and a beam generated by the method of the present invention, respectively, in one embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0031] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.

[0032] It should be noted that, in this document, the reference to "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the invention. The presentation of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. Those skilled in the art will understand that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments. The term "and / or" as used herein refers to any combination of one or more of the associated listed items, and all possible combinations, including such combinations.

[0033] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, a phase-modulated beam generation method is provided, which may include the following processing steps S1 to S5:

[0035] Step S1: Set the target phase modulation beam characteristics and performance indicators.

[0036] Specifically, the theoretical expression for the required phase-modulated beam pattern is determined, the visible area of ​​the pattern is uniformly sampled, and it is divided into the main lobe region, the transition region, and the side lobe region. Three performance indicators are set: main lobe amplitude distribution error, main lobe phase distribution error, and side lobe level.

[0037] Step S2: Obtain the array manifold matrix based on the antenna array configuration.

[0038] Step S3: Introduce auxiliary variables, construct constraints based on the array manifold matrix and performance indicators, and establish a constrained convex optimization model for phase modulation beam generation; wherein, the objective function of the constrained convex optimization model is to minimize the transition region width, and the constraints include main lobe amplitude error constraint, main lobe phase error constraint, side lobe level constraint, and transition region monotonicity constraint.

[0039] Step S4: Solve the constrained convex optimization model to obtain the array excitation coefficients corresponding to the target radiation pattern under the current visible area division method.

[0040] Step S5: Derive the actual generated beam pattern based on the array excitation coefficients; calculate the difference between the amplitude response and the sidelobe level at each point in the transition region; and iterate using an adaptive iterative optimization mechanism based on the difference and a preset amplitude difference threshold to obtain the optimal array excitation coefficients.

[0041] Specifically, the calculated excitation coefficients are used to deduce the actual beam pattern. An amplitude difference threshold is set, and points in the transition region where the difference between the beam pattern amplitude response and the sidelobe level is less than the threshold are classified as sidelobe regions. The visible area division method is updated, and steps two through four are repeated until the maximum number of iterations is reached or the transition region width no longer decreases. The excitation amplitude and excitation phase obtained from the final iteration are used as the optimal array excitation corresponding to the target beam pattern.

[0042] The aforementioned phase-modulated beam generation method includes: setting target phase-modulated beam characteristics and performance indicators; obtaining the array manifold matrix based on the antenna array configuration; introducing auxiliary variables and constructing constraint conditions based on the array manifold matrix and performance indicators to establish a constrained convex optimization model for phase-modulated beam generation; solving the constrained convex optimization model and deriving the actual generated beam pattern based on the obtained array excitation coefficients; calculating the difference between the amplitude response and sidelobe level at each point in the transition region, and iterating using an adaptive iterative optimization mechanism based on the difference and a preset amplitude difference threshold to obtain the optimal array excitation coefficients. This method, through an adaptive iterative optimization mechanism, achieves accurate generation of the target phase-modulated beam pattern. The resulting pattern, while strictly meeting the requirements for main lobe amplitude distribution accuracy and phase distribution accuracy, has a low sidelobe level and the narrowest transition region width, providing strong support for high-resolution radar forward-looking imaging.

[0043] In one embodiment, step S1 includes: determining the theoretical expression of the target phase-modulated beam pattern; uniformly sampling the visible area of ​​the target phase-modulated beam pattern to divide the target phase-modulated beam pattern into a main lobe region, a transition region, and a side lobe region; and using the main lobe amplitude distribution error, the main lobe phase distribution error, and the side lobe level as performance indicators of the target phase-modulated beam pattern.

[0044] Specifically, taking phase-modulated beam generation based on a one-dimensional linear array as an example, the first step is to determine the target beam pattern.

[0045] ;

[0046] in, This represents the spatial variables within the visible area of ​​the radiation pattern. Spatial orientation angle, It is the magnitude response of the target radiation pattern. It is the phase distribution of the target radiation pattern.

[0047] For visible area Uniform sampling is performed to obtain discrete visible area sample values. And divide it into main petal region Transition Zone and side lobe area In particular, the transition zone It was further divided into the left transition zone and right transition zone The dimensions of the above vectors satisfy the relation as well as .

[0048] Based on actual needs, the main lobe amplitude error is set separately. Main lobe phase error and sidelobe level Three performance metrics.

[0049] In one embodiment, step S2 includes: when the antenna array configuration is along x The array is arranged along two axes, with the origin at the center, and contains 2... N For a one-dimensional linear array with +1 array element, the expression for the array manifold matrix is:

[0050] ;

[0051] ;

[0052] in, For array manifold matrix, Represents spatial variables within the visible region of the beam. represent The directional steering vector, where N is a positive integer. , M This represents the total number of sampling points within the visible area of ​​the beam. Represents the set of complex numbers. It is located in The The propagation phase corresponding to each antenna element , This represents the wave number of the electromagnetic waves emitted by the radar, with the superscript T indicating transpose operation.

[0053] In one embodiment, the expression for the constrained convex optimization model generated by the phase modulation pattern in step S3 is:

[0054] ;

[0055] in, This represents an estimate of the optimal radiation pattern excitation coefficients. As an auxiliary variable, as auxiliary variables of Norm, for The One element, represent Directional guidance vector, Represents the complex field, and the superscript T indicates the transpose operation. This represents the excitation coefficient vector of the array. , , For the three pre-set performance indicators, This represents taking the absolute value. Representative of the real part, Indicates element-level comparison. The main lobe phase distribution error The main lobe amplitude distribution error, Sidelobe level, The sampling sequence of the target phase-modulated beam. These are the sets of spatial variables corresponding to the main lobe region, transition region, and side lobe region, respectively. For the set of real numbers, , , These represent the number of elements in the spatial variable sets corresponding to the main lobe region, transition region, and side lobe region, respectively. , , Sets , , The spatial variable elements in the superscript This indicates the conjugate operation. This is a difference operation matrix.

[0056] Specifically, a constrained convex optimization model for phase-modulated beam generation is established. Let... Let be the excitation coefficient vector of the array, then the far-field pattern generated by the array is:

[0057] ;

[0058] Introduce auxiliary variables with non-negative elements The amplitude response of the radiation pattern at each sampling location within the transition region satisfies:

[0059] ;

[0060] in, for The Each element.

[0061] Based on the relationship between the amplitude response of the transition region pattern and the preset sidelobe level, when At this point, the radiation pattern amplitude is comparable to the sidelobe level, and can be considered a point in the sidelobe region. When the transition region is narrowest, the corresponding auxiliary variable... The number of non-zero elements in the vector is minimized. Therefore, the objective function for minimizing the transition region can be transformed into a vector. of The norm is the smallest. In practice, it is usually... Norm relaxation is The norm is used to solve the problem. Therefore, the objective function can be expressed as:

[0062] ;

[0063] in, This represents an estimate of the optimal radiation pattern excitation coefficients. For vectors of Norm.

[0064] According to the preset , , Three performance indicators are established, namely, main lobe amplitude error constraint, main lobe phase error constraint, and side lobe level constraint, which are expressed as follows:

[0065] ;

[0066] ;

[0067] ;

[0068] in, This represents taking the absolute value. Representative of the real part, This is the conjugate of the actual generated radiation pattern.

[0069] To ensure the beam pattern amplitude decays rapidly from the main lobe edge to the side lobes, further constraints on the beam pattern amplitude within the transition region are needed. The increase in amplitude should constrain the pattern amplitude in the left transition region to increase monotonically and the pattern amplitude in the right transition region to decrease monotonically, achieving the fastest amplitude transition. Therefore, auxiliary variables are used. The monotonicity constraint can be expressed as:

[0070] ;

[0071] in, Indicates element-level comparison. Representative matrix elements in Greater than The element at the corresponding position in , The difference operation matrix is ​​expressed as:

[0072] ;

[0073] ;

[0074] ;

[0075] In summary, the constrained convex optimization model for phase modulation pattern generation is shown in the expression above.

[0076] In one embodiment, step S5 includes: deriving the actual generated beam pattern based on the array excitation coefficients; calculating the difference between the amplitude response and the sidelobe level at each point in the transition region; classifying points with differences less than the amplitude difference threshold into the sidelobe region, updating the visible region division method, and redetermining the array manifold matrix, continuing the iteration until the number of iterations reaches the preset maximum number of iterations or the width of the transition region no longer decreases, thereby obtaining the optimal array excitation coefficients.

[0077] Specifically, based on the calculated excitation coefficients, the actual radiation pattern can be calculated as follows:

[0078] ;

[0079] For each point within the transition zone The difference between its amplitude response and sidelobe level is calculated as follows:

[0080] ;

[0081] Set amplitude difference threshold ,for The point is assigned to the side lobe region, the visible region division method is updated, and the second to fourth steps are repeated until the maximum number of iterations is reached or the width of the transition region no longer decreases.

[0082] In some implementations, experimental examples are also provided, and this method has been verified through simulation. For example... Figure 3 As shown, the array used in the simulation is a uniform linear array containing 21 ideal elements, with an operating frequency of 10 GHz and an element spacing of 15 mm. The array is along... Axial arrangement, radial direction is Axis. The target beam pattern is set to a linear phase flat-top beam, i.e.:

[0083] ;

[0084] in, Represents a rectangular window function. The beamwidth is taken as in the simulation. , The modulation slope of the linear phase beam is set to 4 in the simulation.

[0085] Figure 4 The comparison between the phase distribution of the radiation pattern obtained by the traditional Fourier synthesis method and the phase distribution of the target radiation pattern shows that there are obvious errors and shifts in the phase distribution inside the main lobe of the beam, and the beam phase error increases significantly near the edge of the beam. Figure 5 This involves comparing the radiation pattern phase distribution obtained using the method of this invention with the ideal radiation pattern phase distribution. During implementation, the main lobe region, transition region, and side lobe region are respectively set as... , and The threshold values ​​for main lobe amplitude error, main lobe phase error, side lobe level, and amplitude difference are respectively set to... , , as well as The maximum number of iterations was set to 100. It can be seen that by strictly constraining the radiation pattern performance, the phase error within the main lobe was effectively reduced, completely coinciding with the theoretical phase distribution, thus verifying the ability of the method of this invention to accurately generate phase-modulated beams.

[0086] Finally, the advantages of the method of the present invention in improving the resolution performance of forward-looking imaging are verified through forward-looking imaging applications. Figure 6 The simulation shows the target distribution, with two ideal point targets with the same scattering intensity located at... and . Figure 7 Imaging results of the simulated target using a linear phase flat-top beam generated by the traditional Fourier synthesis method and the linear phase flat-top beam generated by the method of this invention are presented. It can be seen that due to the significant phase error in the radiation pattern obtained by the Fourier method, a clear difference appears between the obtained imaging results and the actual target distribution. The target was completely invisible in the imaging result. However, the phase-modulated beam generated by the method of this invention accurately produced the required phase distribution, and the corresponding imaging result successfully achieved target resolution, accurately reflecting the actual distribution of the target. This proves that the method of this invention can effectively improve the resolution performance of forward-looking radar imaging.

[0087] Based on the theoretical expression of the required phase-modulated beam, this method determines the optimal excitation amplitude and excitation phase of each element of the antenna array, so that the main lobe amplitude distribution and phase distribution of the actual generated beam pattern of the array match the theoretical expectation well, while also having low sidelobe levels and narrow transition regions, providing strong support for high-resolution radar forward-looking imaging.

[0088] It should be understood that, although the above process Figure 1 The steps in the diagram are shown sequentially as indicated by the arrows, but these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless otherwise specified in this document, there is no strict order in which these steps are executed; they can be performed in other orders. Furthermore, the above process... Figure 1 At least some of the steps may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages. These sub-steps or stages are not necessarily executed at the same time, but can be executed at different times. The execution order of these sub-steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be executed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least some of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.

[0089] In one embodiment, a phase-modulated beam generating apparatus is also provided, the apparatus comprising:

[0090] The beam characteristics and performance index setting module is used to set the target phase modulation beam characteristics and performance index.

[0091] The array manifold matrix determination module is used to obtain the array manifold matrix based on the antenna array configuration.

[0092] The constrained convex optimization model building module is used to introduce auxiliary variables, construct constraints based on the array manifold matrix and performance indicators, and establish a constrained convex optimization model for phase modulation beam generation. The objective function of the constrained convex optimization model is to minimize the transition region width, and the constraints include main lobe amplitude error constraint, main lobe phase error constraint, side lobe level constraint, and transition region monotonicity constraint.

[0093] The constrained convex optimization model solving module is used to solve the constrained convex optimization model and obtain the array excitation coefficients corresponding to the target radiation pattern under the current visible area division method.

[0094] The iterative optimization module is used to deduce the actual generated beam pattern based on the array excitation coefficients; calculate the difference between the amplitude response and the sidelobe level at each point in the transition region; and continue iterating using an adaptive iterative optimization mechanism based on the difference and a preset amplitude difference threshold to obtain the optimal array excitation coefficients.

[0095] In one embodiment, the beam characteristic and performance index setting module is further used to determine the theoretical expression of the target phase modulation beam pattern; uniformly sample the visible area of ​​the target phase modulation beam pattern, and divide the target phase modulation beam pattern into a main lobe region, a transition region, and a side lobe region; and use the main lobe amplitude distribution error, the main lobe phase distribution error, and the side lobe level as performance indicators of the target phase modulation beam pattern.

[0096] In one embodiment, the array manifold matrix determination module is further configured to determine the antenna array configuration along the manifold matrix. x The array is arranged along two axes, with the origin at the center, and contains 2... N For a one-dimensional linear array with +1 array elements, the array manifold matrix is ​​as shown in the above expression for the array manifold matrix.

[0097] In one embodiment, the constrained convex optimization model generated by the phase modulation pattern in the constrained convex optimization model building module is as shown in the constrained convex optimization model expression above.

[0098] In one embodiment, the iterative optimization module is further configured to deduce the actual generated beam pattern based on the array excitation coefficients; calculate the difference between the amplitude response and the sidelobe level at each point in the transition region; classify points with differences less than the amplitude difference threshold into the sidelobe region, update the visible region division method, redetermine the array manifold matrix, and continue iterating until the number of iterations reaches the preset maximum number of iterations or the width of the transition region no longer decreases, thereby obtaining the optimal array excitation coefficients.

[0099] It is understood that for detailed explanations of the phase modulation beam generation device, please refer to the corresponding explanations of the various embodiments of the phase modulation beam generation method above, and will not be repeated here. Each module in the aforementioned phase modulation beam generation device can be implemented entirely or partially through software, hardware, or a combination thereof. These modules can be embedded in hardware or independently of a device with data processing capabilities, or stored in software in the memory of the aforementioned device, so that the processor can call and execute the operations corresponding to each module. The aforementioned device can be, but is not limited to, various types of data processing computer devices already existing in the art.

[0100] In one embodiment, a computer device is also provided, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps in the above-described embodiment of the phase modulation beam generation method.

[0101] It is understood that, in addition to the memory and processor mentioned above, the computer equipment described above also includes other hardware and software components not listed in this specification. The specific components can be determined according to the model of the image processing computer in different application scenarios, and will not be listed and described in detail in this specification.

[0102] In one embodiment, when the processor executes the computer program, it can also implement the steps or sub-steps added in the various embodiments of the phase modulation beam generation method described above.

[0103] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When executed, the computer program can include the processes of the embodiments of the above methods. Any references to memory, storage, databases, or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include non-volatile and / or volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in various forms, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), dual data rate SDRAM (DDRSDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous link DRAM (SLDRAM), memory bus DRAM (RDRAM), and interface DRAM (DRDRAM), etc.

[0104] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0105] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed. However, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and all such modifications and improvements fall within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A method for generating a phase-modulated beam, characterized in that, Including the following steps: Step S1: Set the target phase modulation beam characteristics and performance indicators; Step S2: Obtain the array manifold matrix based on the antenna array configuration; Step S3: Introduce auxiliary variables, construct constraints based on the array manifold matrix and performance indicators, and establish a constrained convex optimization model for phase modulation beam generation; wherein, the objective function of the constrained convex optimization model is to minimize the transition region width, and the constraints include main lobe amplitude error constraint, main lobe phase error constraint, side lobe level constraint, and transition region monotonicity constraint; Step S4: Solve the constrained convex optimization model to obtain the array excitation coefficients corresponding to the target radiation pattern under the current visible area division method; Step S5: Derive the actual generated beam pattern based on the array excitation coefficients; calculate the difference between the amplitude response and sidelobe level at each point in the transition region; based on the difference and a preset amplitude difference threshold, iterate using an adaptive iterative optimization mechanism to obtain the optimal array excitation coefficients; specifically including: deriving the actual generated beam pattern based on the array excitation coefficients; calculating the difference between the amplitude response and sidelobe level at each point in the transition region; classifying points with differences less than the amplitude difference threshold into the sidelobe region, updating the visible area division method, and redetermining the array manifold matrix, continuing the iteration until the number of iterations reaches the preset maximum number of iterations or the width of the transition region no longer decreases, thus obtaining the optimal array excitation coefficients.

2. The phase-modulated beam generation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S1 includes: Determine the theoretical expression for the target phase-modulated beam pattern; The visible area of ​​the target phase-modulated beam pattern is uniformly sampled, and the target phase-modulated beam pattern is divided into a main lobe region, a transition region, and a side lobe region; the main lobe amplitude distribution error, the main lobe phase distribution error, and the side lobe level are used as performance indicators of the target phase-modulated beam pattern.

3. The phase-modulated beam generation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S2 includes: when the antenna array configuration is along x The array is arranged along two axes, with the origin at the center, and contains 2... N When using a one-dimensional linear array with +1 element, the array manifold matrix is: in, For array manifold matrix, Represents spatial variables within the visible region of the beam. represent The directional steering vector, where N is a positive integer. , M This represents the total number of sampling points within the visible area of ​​the beam. Represents the field of complex numbers. It is located in The The propagation phase corresponding to each antenna element , This represents the wave number of the electromagnetic waves emitted by the radar, with the superscript T indicating transpose operation.

4. The phase-modulated beam generation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The constrained convex optimization model generated by the phase modulation pattern in step S3 is as follows: in, This represents an estimate of the optimal radiation pattern excitation coefficients. As an auxiliary variable, as auxiliary variables of Norm, for The One element, represent Directional guidance vector, Represents the complex field, and the superscript T indicates the transpose operation. This represents the excitation coefficient vector of the array. , , For the three pre-set performance indicators, This represents taking the absolute value. Representative of the real part, Indicates element-level comparison. The main lobe phase distribution error The main lobe amplitude distribution error, Sidelobe level, The sampling sequence of the target phase-modulated beam. These are the sets of spatial variables corresponding to the main lobe region, transition region, and side lobe region, respectively. For the set of real numbers, , , These represent the number of elements in the spatial variable sets corresponding to the main lobe region, transition region, and side lobe region, respectively. , , Sets , , The spatial variable elements in the superscript This indicates the conjugate operation. For difference operation matrices, This indicates the monotonicity constraint of the transition zone.

5. A phase-modulated beam generation device, characterized in that, include: The beam characteristics and performance index setting module is used to set the target phase modulation beam characteristics and performance index; The array manifold matrix determination module is used to obtain the array manifold matrix based on the antenna array configuration; The constrained convex optimization model establishment module is used to introduce auxiliary variables, construct constraints based on the array manifold matrix and performance indicators, and establish a constrained convex optimization model for phase modulation beam generation; wherein, the objective function of the constrained convex optimization model is to minimize the transition region width, and the constraints include main lobe amplitude error constraint, main lobe phase error constraint, side lobe level constraint, and transition region monotonicity constraint; The constrained convex optimization model solving module is used to solve the constrained convex optimization model to obtain the array excitation coefficients corresponding to the target radiation pattern under the current visible area division method. The iterative optimization module is used to deduce the actual generated beam pattern based on the array excitation coefficients; calculate the difference between the amplitude response and the sidelobe level at each point in the transition region; classify points with a difference less than the amplitude difference threshold into the sidelobe region, update the visible region division method, redetermine the array manifold matrix, and continue iterating until the number of iterations reaches the preset maximum number of iterations or the width of the transition region no longer decreases, thus obtaining the optimal array excitation coefficients.

6. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, characterized in that, The memory stores a computer program, and when the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the phase modulation beam generation method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

7. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When a computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the phase modulation beam generation method as described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

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