Hydrogen fuel cell hydrogen supply metering and control method and system, hydrogen fuel cell automobile and storage medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydrogen fuel cell hydrogen supply metering and control method and system, a hydrogen fuel cell automobile and a storage medium, and the hydrogen fuel cell hydrogen supply metering and control system comprises a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a flowmeter, an electromagnetic valve, an ESP single-chip microcomputer, a display screen, a storage module and the like. The initial hydrogen mass and the accumulated hydrogen discharge mass of the hydrogen storage bottle are calculated according to the pressure, the temperature, the hydrogen flow rate and other data detected by the sensor and the calculation process, the residual hydrogen mass is further calculated, and when the residual hydrogen mass is lower than a set value, an alarm is triggered. And data such as the residual hydrogen mass and the residual endurance mileage and alarm information are displayed through the display screen and are transmitted to a mobile phone APP or a cloud platform through the communication module. According to the invention, the usage amount and the residual amount of hydrogen in the hydrogen storage bottle can be accurately measured, so that the operation risk and the maintenance cost of a hydrogen fuel cell system are reduced, and the hydrogen fuel system is more controllable, higher in usability and more friendly to users.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of hydrogen fuel cell technology, and in particular to a hydrogen fuel cell hydrogen supply metering and control method and system, a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle, and a storage medium. Background Art

[0002] With the maturity of hydrogen fuel cell technology, a large number of hydrogen fuel cell applications have gradually become more diverse, especially the application of high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage and low-pressure solid-state hydrogen storage technologies, which has led to a rapid growth in the demand for hydrogen fuel cells. The metering and control technology of the hydrogen supply flow of hydrogen storage devices has become increasingly perfect and mature. However, due to the particularity of hydrogen storage technology, the existing hydrogen supply flow metering systems and methods for hydrogen fuel cell hydrogen storage devices have difficulty detecting the hydrogen usage and remaining amount of hydrogen storage devices, and therefore cannot accurately grasp the endurance or standby status of electrical equipment or devices. In addition, most hydrogen flow metering devices on the current market have problems such as low accuracy, poor stability, and complex operation. They are difficult to meet the requirements of hydrogen fuel cell systems for precise control and metering of hydrogen flow, which undoubtedly increases the operating risks and maintenance costs of hydrogen fuel cell systems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In response to the problems mentioned in the above background technology that the existing hydrogen fuel cell hydrogen supply metering and control system or method cannot accurately measure the hydrogen usage and remaining amount, and thus cannot grasp the battery life or standby status of electrical equipment, the present invention proposes a hydrogen fuel cell hydrogen supply metering and control method, system, hydrogen fuel cell vehicle and storage medium to solve the above problems and defects.

[0004] In order to achieve the above objectives, the following technical solutions are provided: A method for measuring and controlling hydrogen supply of a hydrogen fuel cell comprises the following steps: S1: The initial hydrogen mass in the hydrogen storage bottle is calculated by detecting the initial internal pressure and initial temperature of the outer wall of the hydrogen storage bottle in the high-pressure state after the hydrogen storage bottle is filled with hydrogen. The calculation formula is: , where is the initial hydrogen mass, It is the rated pressure of the hydrogen storage tank after it is filled with hydrogen. is the effective volume of the hydrogen storage bottle, is the molar mass of hydrogen, Z is the gas compressibility factor, is the universal gas constant, is the temperature of the hydrogen storage bottle; S2: By detecting and obtaining the hydrogen pressure, hydrogen flow rate and external ambient temperature in the hydrogen supply pipeline during each stage of the operation of the hydrogen fuel cell, the hydrogen discharge mass of the hydrogen storage bottle in that stage is calculated, and the historical cumulative hydrogen discharge mass is further calculated. The calculation formula is: Where, is the cumulative hydrogen emission mass, is the gas supply line pressure, is the hydrogen discharge volume, , is the ambient temperature, is the inner diameter of the hydrogen pipeline, represents the hydrogen flow rate, Indicates flow rate The duration of hydrogen supply; S3: Calculate the remaining hydrogen mass based on the calculated initial hydrogen mass and the cumulative hydrogen discharge mass. The calculation formula is: , where is the remaining hydrogen mass; S4: Determine whether the remaining hydrogen mass exceeds the set value, and issue an alarm if it exceeds the set value.

[0005] Preferably, the hydrogen fuel cell hydrogen supply metering and control method further includes step S5: based on the calculated remaining hydrogen mass, obtaining the remaining amount of battery life or standby data of the electrical equipment by conversion.

[0006] Furthermore, the present invention also proposes a hydrogen fuel cell hydrogen flow metering and control system, which includes: The pressure sensor is installed at the outlet of the hydrogen storage bottle pressure regulating valve, and is used to detect the pressure of hydrogen in the hydrogen supply pipeline. It is connected to the controller interface through a wire through an amplifier circuit for data transmission; The bottle temperature sensor is fixed on the outer wall of the hydrogen storage bottle and is used to detect the temperature of the hydrogen storage bottle; Ambient temperature sensor, fixed on objects around the hydrogen storage bottle, used to monitor the ambient temperature; The hydrogen supply solenoid valve is installed at the outlet of the pressure sensor to control the start and stop of the hydrogen supply action; A flow meter is provided at the outlet of the hydrogen supply solenoid valve to detect the flow rate of hydrogen in the hydrogen supply pipeline; The hydrogen discharge solenoid valve is installed at the hydrogen discharge port of the hydrogen fuel cell to control the start and stop of the hydrogen discharge action; The ESP single-chip computer, as a controller, is electrically connected to the pressure sensor, the bottle temperature sensor, the ambient temperature sensor, the hydrogen supply solenoid valve, the flow meter, and the hydrogen exhaust solenoid valve. The ESP single-chip computer precisely controls the hydrogen flow rate by controlling the on / off state of the hydrogen supply solenoid valve and the hydrogen exhaust solenoid valve, and processes and calculates the remaining hydrogen mass in the fuel cell hydrogen storage bottle through processing and calculation. The remaining hydrogen mass is then used to convert the remaining hydrogen mass into the remaining battery life or standby power of the electrical equipment. A storage module, connected to the ESP single chip computer, for storing historical data on the hydrogen discharge quality of the hydrogen storage bottle during each stage of operation of the hydrogen fuel cell; A display screen, connected to the ESP single-chip computer, is used to display system data, including sensor data, calculated cumulative hydrogen discharge mass and remaining hydrogen mass of the hydrogen storage bottle, battery life or standby remaining capacity of electrical equipment, system operation status information, and alarm information; The power module supplies power to the ESP single chip microcomputer, the pressure sensor, the bottle temperature sensor, the ambient temperature sensor, the hydrogen supply solenoid valve, the flow meter, the hydrogen exhaust solenoid valve and the display screen.

[0007] Preferably, the hydrogen fuel cell hydrogen supply flow metering and control system also includes a current integration module, which is connected to the ammeter in the hydrogen fuel cell current loop and is used to collect the current value, cumulative power supply time and cumulative power supply in real time. The current integration module is connected to the ESP monolithic chip through a wire.

[0008] Preferably, the pressure sensor is connected to the controller communication interface via a wire through an amplifying circuit.

[0009] Preferably, it also includes a communication module, which is connected to the ESP single-chip microcomputer through a wire and is used to transmit system data and alarm information to the terminal APP and / or cloud platform.

[0010] Furthermore, the present invention also proposes a computer storage medium on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the hydrogen fuel cell hydrogen supply metering and control method proposed by the present invention is implemented.

[0011] Furthermore, the present invention also proposes a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle, wherein the hydrogen fuel cell hydrogen supply system of the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle is provided with the hydrogen fuel cell hydrogen supply metering and control system proposed by the present invention.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention uses an ESP single-chip microcomputer to develop a hydrogen flow metering and control system and method for a hydrogen fuel cell hydrogen supply system, which can solve the problem of monitoring the hydrogen storage and hydrogen usage of the hydrogen fuel cell hydrogen supply system. It can display various data of the hydrogen supply system, including the remaining hydrogen mass, cumulative power generation, remaining cruising range, temperature, pressure, etc., on a display screen, and can transmit the data to a user's mobile phone app or a cloud platform for monitoring. The present invention solves the problems of low accuracy, poor stability, and complex operation of existing hydrogen flow metering devices, and can meet the needs of hydrogen fuel cell systems for precise control and metering of hydrogen flow. The present invention can reduce the operating risks and maintenance costs of the hydrogen fuel cell system by accurately measuring the used and remaining hydrogen amount in the hydrogen storage bottle, making the hydrogen fuel system more controllable, more usable, and more user-friendly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a hydrogen fuel cell hydrogen flow metering and control system according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is an operation flow chart of a hydrogen fuel cell hydrogen supply flow metering and control system of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0015] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0016] It will be understood that when used in this specification and the appended claims, the terms “comprises” and “comprising” indicate the presence of described features, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and / or groups thereof.

[0017] It should also be understood that the terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the present invention. As used in the specification and appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0018] It should be further understood that the term "and / or" used in the present description and the appended claims refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0019] Reference Figure 1 , a hydrogen fuel cell hydrogen flow metering and control system, comprising: 1) Pressure sensor: It is installed at the outlet of the pressure regulating valve of the hydrogen storage bottle, with the inlet connected to the outlet of the pressure regulating valve and the outlet connected to the hydrogen supply solenoid valve. The sensor data is transmitted to the microcontroller interface through a wire through the amplifier circuit, collecting the pressure data of the pressure regulating valve outlet in real time and transmitting the pressure data to the main program of the microcontroller; 2) Bottle temperature sensor: This sensor is installed on the outside of the hydrogen storage bottle and fits closely to the bottle body. It collects the temperature data of the hydrogen storage bottle in real time. The sensor data is transmitted to the microcontroller interface via a wire, and the temperature signal data of the hydrogen storage bottle is transmitted to the main program of the microcontroller. 3) Ambient temperature sensor: This sensor is located outside the hydrogen storage bottle and away from the bottle body. It is used to collect ambient temperature data in real time. The sensor data is transmitted to the microcontroller interface through a wire, and the ambient temperature signal data is transmitted to the microcontroller main program. 4) Flow meter: It is installed at the outlet of the hydrogen supply solenoid valve, with the inlet connected to the hydrogen supply solenoid valve and the outlet connected to the hydrogen inlet of the hydrogen fuel cell. The sensor data is transmitted to the microcontroller interface through a wire, and the hydrogen flow rate data is transmitted to the microcontroller main program; 5) Hydrogen supply solenoid valve: It is installed at the outlet of the pressure sensor, with the inlet connected to the outlet of the pressure sensor and the outlet connected to the inlet of the flow meter. It is connected to the microcontroller interface through a wire. The microcontroller sends a signal to control the switch of the hydrogen supply solenoid valve to realize the start and stop of the hydrogen emission action during the hydrogen supply stage; 6) Hydrogen discharge solenoid valve: It is installed at the hydrogen outlet of the hydrogen fuel cell, with the inlet connected to the hydrogen outlet and the outlet connected to the hydrogen discharge hole, and is connected to the microcontroller interface through a wire. The microcontroller sends a signal to control the solenoid valve switch to start and stop the hydrogen discharge action during the hydrogen discharge stage; 7) Current integration module: connected to the ammeter in the hydrogen fuel cell current loop, used to collect the current value, cumulative power supply time and cumulative power supply in real time. The current integration module is connected to the microcontroller through wires for data transmission; 8) Power module: provides power to the microcontroller, pressure sensor, bottle temperature sensor, ambient temperature sensor, hydrogen supply solenoid valve, flow meter, hydrogen exhaust solenoid valve and display screen; 9) Display screen: used to display sensor values, calculated values, operating information, alarm information, etc., so that the system has data visualization function; the information displayed on the display screen includes: Pressure value: nMPa, bottle temperature value: n℃, ambient temperature value: n℃, current value: nA, communication icon, storage icon, hydrogen remaining: n%, remaining mileage: nKm, alarm: E01; 10) Communication module: enables the system to have external communication functions, provides Bluetooth and Wi-Fi functions, can upload data to various terminal apps and cloud platforms, and provide real-time monitoring and remote control functions; 11) Storage module: This module enables the device to have data storage function, and uses an SD card to record historical data, which is used to store the historical data of hydrogen discharge quality of the hydrogen storage bottle during each stage of operation of the hydrogen fuel cell; 12) ESP32 microcontroller: As the controller of this system, it enables the system to have functions such as data acquisition, data calculation, data display, data transmission, abnormal alarm, and control of various components; 13) Power module, which provides power to the ESP microcontroller, pressure sensor, bottle temperature sensor, ambient temperature sensor, hydrogen supply solenoid valve, flow meter, hydrogen exhaust solenoid valve and display screen.

[0020] The present invention provides a method for using and working process of a hydrogen fuel cell hydrogen flow metering and control system: Reference Figure 2 First, connect the equipment, connect the power plug of the power module to the external power supply system, connect the bottle temperature sensor to the hydrogen storage bottle body, and connect the ambient temperature sensor to the surrounding objects of the hydrogen storage bottle, and keep it at least 10 cm away from the bottle temperature sensor and the bottle body; then connect the pressure sensor, hydrogen supply solenoid valve, and flow meter to the hydrogen supply pipeline connecting the hydrogen storage bottle and the hydrogen fuel cell, and connect the hydrogen discharge solenoid valve to the hydrogen discharge hole of the hydrogen fuel cell; connect the current integration module to the ammeter in the current loop of the hydrogen fuel cell; connect each sensor, solenoid valve, display, communication module, storage module, etc. to the ESP32 microcontroller; turn on the ESP32 microcontroller switch, the system self-checks and starts running, calculates the current remaining mass of hydrogen according to the program method, and then displays it in real time on the display screen. At the same time, the data is sent to the user's mobile phone APP or cloud platform through the communication module and updated in real time.

[0021] The ESP32 microcontroller is initialized based on the data provided by each sensor, and calculates the initial hydrogen mass m0 in the hydrogen storage bottle according to the built-in formula and parameters. During the operation of the system, the real-time feedback data from sensors such as the flow meter is used to calculate the hydrogen emission mass at each stage, store the data in the storage medium, and calculate the cumulative hydrogen emission mass m. out ; Based on the initial hydrogen mass at system startup and the cumulative hydrogen mass discharged, calculate the remaining hydrogen mass m2, transmit and display it. The specific calculation method is as follows: 1) Calculation of initial hydrogen mass Under high pressure conditions, the modified ideal gas equation is used to estimate the initial mass, and the calculation formula is: ; Parameter definition: is the initial hydrogen mass (kg); The rated pressure of the hydrogen storage tank after it is filled with hydrogen, which is a fixed value (MPa); is the effective volume of the hydrogen storage bottle, which is a fixed value (m³); is the molar mass of hydrogen, a fixed value of 0.002 kg / mol; Z is the gas compressibility factor, and the recommended value is 1.2207, based on 35MPa / 25℃ operating conditions; is the universal gas constant, which is 8.314 J / (mol·K); is the temperature of the hydrogen storage bottle (°C), measured by the bottle temperature sensor; 2) Calculation of cumulative hydrogen emission mass The calculation formula is:

[0022] Parameter definition: is the cumulative hydrogen mass emitted (kg); is the gas supply line pressure (MPa), measured by the pressure sensor at the outlet of the hydrogen storage bottle pressure regulating valve; is the hydrogen discharge volume, ; is the ambient temperature, measured by the ambient temperature sensor; is the inner diameter of the hydrogen pipeline; is the hydrogen flow rate, measured by a flow meter; Indicates flow rate The duration of hydrogen supply; 3) Calculation of remaining hydrogen mass The calculation formula is: ; Where, is the remaining hydrogen mass.

[0023] The present invention can also further convert the calculated remaining hydrogen mass into the endurance or standby status of the electrical equipment. Taking hydrogen fuel cell vehicles as an example, the remaining endurance can be estimated based on the remaining hydrogen mass. If the remaining hydrogen mass of a fuel cell vehicle is The hydrogen consumption of the car is 50g, and the average hydrogen consumption of the car is 2g / km, so the remaining range of the car is: 50 / 2=25km.

[0024] This system is also equipped with an abnormal alarm function. When it detects that the remaining hydrogen mass m2 is lower than the set value, the system starts to issue an early warning reminder through the display screen and sends it to the user's mobile phone APP or cloud platform through the communication module.

[0025] The present invention can be applied to hydrogen fuel cell vehicles and other equipment that uses hydrogen fuel cells as power.

[0026] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydrogen fuel cell hydrogen supply metering and control method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: The initial hydrogen mass in the hydrogen storage bottle is calculated by detecting the initial internal pressure and initial temperature of the outer wall of the hydrogen storage bottle in the high-pressure state after the hydrogen storage bottle is filled with hydrogen. The calculation formula is: , where is the initial hydrogen mass, It is the rated pressure of the hydrogen storage tank after it is filled with hydrogen. is the effective volume of the hydrogen storage bottle, is the molar mass of hydrogen, Z is the gas compressibility factor, is the universal gas constant, is the temperature of the hydrogen storage bottle; S2: By detecting and obtaining the hydrogen pressure, hydrogen flow rate and external ambient temperature in the hydrogen supply pipeline during each stage of the operation of the hydrogen fuel cell, the hydrogen discharge mass of the hydrogen storage bottle in that stage is calculated, and the historical cumulative hydrogen discharge mass is further calculated. The calculation formula is: Where, is the cumulative hydrogen emission mass, is the gas supply line pressure, is the hydrogen discharge volume, , is the ambient temperature, is the inner diameter of the hydrogen pipeline, is the hydrogen flow rate, Indicates flow rate The duration of hydrogen supply; S3: Calculate the remaining hydrogen mass based on the calculated initial hydrogen mass and the cumulative hydrogen discharge mass. The calculation formula is: , where is the remaining hydrogen mass; S4: Determine whether the remaining hydrogen mass exceeds the set value, and issue an alarm if it exceeds the set value.

2. The hydrogen supply metering and control method for a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method further includes step S5: obtaining the remaining amount of battery life or standby power of the electrical equipment through conversion based on the calculated remaining hydrogen mass.

3. A hydrogen fuel cell hydrogen supply flow metering and control system that implements the hydrogen fuel cell hydrogen supply metering and control method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: include: The pressure sensor is installed at the outlet of the hydrogen storage bottle pressure regulating valve, and is used to detect the pressure of hydrogen in the hydrogen supply pipeline. It is connected to the controller interface through a wire through an amplifier circuit for data transmission; The bottle temperature sensor is fixed on the outer wall of the hydrogen storage bottle and is used to detect the temperature of the hydrogen storage bottle; Ambient temperature sensor, fixed on objects around the hydrogen storage bottle, used to monitor the ambient temperature; The hydrogen supply solenoid valve is installed at the outlet of the pressure sensor to control the start and stop of the hydrogen supply action; A flow meter is provided at the outlet of the hydrogen supply solenoid valve to detect the flow rate of hydrogen in the hydrogen supply pipeline; The hydrogen discharge solenoid valve is installed at the hydrogen discharge port of the hydrogen fuel cell to control the start and stop of the hydrogen discharge action; The ESP single-chip computer, as a controller, is electrically connected to the pressure sensor, the bottle temperature sensor, the ambient temperature sensor, the hydrogen supply solenoid valve, the flow meter, and the hydrogen exhaust solenoid valve. The ESP single-chip computer precisely controls the hydrogen flow rate by controlling the on / off state of the hydrogen supply solenoid valve and the hydrogen exhaust solenoid valve, and processes and calculates the remaining hydrogen mass in the fuel cell hydrogen storage bottle through processing and calculation. The remaining hydrogen mass is then used to convert the remaining hydrogen mass into the remaining battery life or standby power of the electrical equipment. A storage module, connected to the ESP single chip computer, for storing historical data on the hydrogen discharge quality of the hydrogen storage bottle during each stage of operation of the hydrogen fuel cell; A display screen, connected to the ESP single-chip computer, is used to display system data, including sensor data, calculated cumulative hydrogen discharge mass and remaining hydrogen mass of the hydrogen storage bottle, battery life or standby remaining capacity of electrical equipment, system operation status information, and alarm information; The power module supplies power to the ESP single chip microcomputer, the pressure sensor, the bottle temperature sensor, the ambient temperature sensor, the hydrogen supply solenoid valve, the flow meter, the hydrogen exhaust solenoid valve and the display screen.

4. The hydrogen fuel cell hydrogen supply metering and control system according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a current integration module, which is connected to the ammeter in the hydrogen fuel cell current loop and is used to collect current values, cumulative power supply time and cumulative power supply in real time. The current integration module is connected to the ESP microcontroller through a wire.

5. The hydrogen supply metering and control system of a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pressure sensor is connected to the controller communication interface via a wire through an amplifying circuit.

6. The hydrogen fuel cell hydrogen supply metering and control system according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a communication module, which is connected to the ESP microcontroller through a wire and is used to transmit system data and alarm information to the terminal APP and / or cloud platform.

7. A computer storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the hydrogen supply metering and control method of a hydrogen fuel cell as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is implemented.

8. A hydrogen fuel cell vehicle, characterized in that: The hydrogen fuel cell hydrogen supply system of the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle is provided with a hydrogen fuel cell hydrogen supply metering and control system as described in any one of claims 3 to 6.

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