Antenna switching system for intelligent electric control tuning and multi-band interference suppression

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent electronic control tuning and multi-band interference suppression antenna switching system, relates to the technical field of communication quality monitoring, and aims to solve the problem that a communication link is easily influenced by multi-path interference and polarization mismatch in complex environments such as military training and frontier defense patrol. And dynamic and real-time channel quality sensing and intelligent tuning are realized. The system automatically adjusts and matches network parameters and antenna attitudes by accurately collecting and evaluating signal strength, bit error rate, signal-to-noise ratio and multipath fading parameters. Meanwhile, polarization deviation is intelligently analyzed in combination with environmental perception, polarization modes are dynamically switched, and signal attenuation caused by multipath interference and polarization mismatch is effectively suppressed. The system supports automatic switching of multiple frequency bands, ensures that a communication link is quickly recovered when the frequency bands fade or are seriously interfered, enhances the efficiency of commanding, dispatching and cooperative combat of troops, and promotes and improves the requirements for high-quality wireless communication in a dynamic battlefield environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of communication quality monitoring, and in particular to an antenna switching system with intelligent electronically controlled tuning and multi-band interference suppression. Background Art

[0002] In on-site missions such as military training, border patrols, field training, and tactical exercises, communications support is the core support for rapid response, coordinated command, and mission execution. However, these scenarios are often characterized by complex terrain and drastic environmental changes. Especially in urban training areas, mountain jungles, and dense canyon forests, communication signals are susceptible to interference such as multipath reflection, obstruction, and diffraction, resulting in signal fading, frequent jitter, and increased bit error rates, seriously affecting the stability and real-time performance of the troops' communication links.

[0003] Currently, most military portable communication equipment still relies on fixed frequency bands and fixed polarization. Although they possess certain anti-interference capabilities, they are unable to flexibly adjust to changes in real-time propagation paths in complex environments. When the signal polarization direction deviates significantly from the receiving antenna polarization, it will lead to polarization mismatch, a significant decrease in received power, and a significant impact on communication quality. In addition, existing equipment has limited anti-multipath interference capabilities, lacks dynamic identification and suppression mechanisms, and has relatively simple tuning methods. Polarization mode switching can usually only be performed between fixed modes. It lacks intelligent dynamic adjustment capabilities, making it difficult to effectively adapt to the challenges of frequency band changes, polarization drift, and the coexistence of multipath interference in complex battlefield environments, which can easily lead to problems such as link interruption and information lag.

[0004] In summary, traditional military portable radios are mostly fixed-polarization and fixed-frequency, lacking real-time polarization adjustment and intelligent tuning capabilities for dynamic electromagnetic environments. When signal polarization shifts significantly during training or combat, communication system compatibility deteriorates, bit error rates increase, and anti-interference capabilities weaken. This can ultimately lead to inter-unit communication loss, impacting overall combat effectiveness. Therefore, an antenna switching system with intelligent electronically controlled tuning and multi-band interference suppression is urgently needed to enhance link stability and mission completion rates in diverse environments. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides an antenna switching system with intelligent electronically controlled tuning and multi-band interference suppression to solve the problems mentioned in the background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: an antenna switching system with intelligent electronically controlled tuning and multi-band interference suppression, including a channel quality sensing module, an antenna tuning module, and a polarization mode switching module:

[0007] The channel quality perception module is used to build a cluster network communication composed of several antenna nodes at the emergency rescue site, and collect the real-time received signal strength, bit error rate and signal-to-noise ratio information from each antenna node to the receiving end, and build the channel quality index Q corresponding to the jth antenna node j , and the normalized multipath fading coefficient corresponding to the jth antenna node Perform a dual-condition evaluation of the antenna node's communication quality to determine the antenna node's communication quality status. If the evaluation result indicates that the communication quality is unqualified, generate a corresponding tuning instruction or frequency band switching instruction, and activate the corresponding antenna tuning module and polarization switching module to restore the communication link quality.

[0008] The antenna node is installed on a backpack communication platform and includes: an antenna switching and ultra-short wave broadband tuning device, a bendable gooseneck, a first radiator, a short wave band length extension automatic switching device and a second radiator;

[0009] The antenna tuning module is used to receive the corresponding tuning instruction to perform the corresponding amplitude matching network parameter adjustment and antenna structure posture adjustment operation, and to detect in real time the change amplitude ΔQ of the channel quality index corresponding to the jth antenna node after the tuning is executed. j , used to determine whether the tuning operation meets the quality standards. If not, an update adjustment instruction is generated;

[0010] The polarization mode switching module is used to identify the jth antenna node in the urban high-rise area, mountain reflection area and forest shielding area, and summarize them into interference-prone groups, and collect polarization-related interference data to construct the average polarization deviation angle of the jth antenna node. and evaluating to obtain a second evaluation result, and generating a corresponding polarization mode switching instruction according to the second evaluation result.

[0011] Preferably, the channel quality perception module includes a cluster communication architecture unit;

[0012] The cluster communication architecture unit is used to establish a cluster network communication composed of backpack communication stations carried by multiple rescuers at the emergency rescue site. Each backpack communication station is equipped with an independent smart antenna to form multiple antenna nodes that can work independently;

[0013] The antenna node is installed on a backpack communication platform and includes: an antenna switching and ultra-short wave broadband tuning device, a bendable gooseneck, a first radiator, a short wave band length extension automatic switching device and a second radiator;

[0014] The first radiator is used for VHF band communication;

[0015] The second radiator is a short-wave electrical length extension body;

[0016] The shortwave electrical length extension automatic switching device is used to automatically connect or disconnect the second radiator in the shortwave communication mode;

[0017] The bendable gooseneck is used to adjust the antenna angle and deployment posture;

[0018] The antenna switching and tuning device is used to automatically switch between different frequency bands and perform impedance matching tuning;

[0019] The antenna node structure is detachable and foldable, consisting of five sections with a total length of 2530mm±10mm.

[0020] Preferably, the channel quality perception module further includes a channel data acquisition unit and a first judgment unit;

[0021] The channel data acquisition unit is used to collect the received signal strength, bit error rate and signal-to-noise ratio parameters of each antenna node in the communication link in real time through the radio frequency receiving device and signal processor in the receiving end of the antenna node, and calculate the channel quality index Q corresponding to the jth antenna node using the node number j as the index. j and the multipath fading coefficient F j ;

[0022] The channel quality index Q corresponding to the jth antenna node j The calculation method is:

[0023]

[0024] in, is the received signal strength of the jth antenna node, normalized to the interval [0,1], received signal strength RSSI j The range is [-100, -40]dBm, and the normalization process is:

[0025] in, is the bit error rate of the jth antenna node, normalized to the interval [0,1], and the bit error rate SNR j The range is [0,30]dB, and the normalization process is:

[0026] in, is the signal-to-noise ratio of the jth antenna node, normalized to the interval [0,1], and the received signal strength range is [0,0.1]. The normalization process is: α, β, and γ represent weight coefficients respectively;

[0027] The multipath fading coefficient F corresponding to the jth antenna node j The calculation method is:

[0028] Collect the standard deviation of the received signal strength σRSSI in the T period j (T) and average The multipath fading coefficient F corresponding to the jth antenna node is obtained by calculating the following formula: j :And the multipath fading coefficient F corresponding to the jth antenna node j Normalize to the interval [0,1] to obtain the normalized multipath fading coefficient corresponding to the jth antenna node

[0029]

[0030] And the multipath fading coefficient F corresponding to the jth antenna node j Normalize to the interval [0,1] to obtain the normalized multipath fading coefficient corresponding to the jth antenna node

[0031]

[0032] Among them, F max is the empirical maximum tolerated fading threshold, set to 0.2.

[0033] Preferably, the first judgment unit is used to judge the communication quality of the j-th antenna node, including:

[0034] When Q j >0.7, and When , it means that the communication quality of the jth antenna node is qualified;

[0035] When Q j >0.7, and When , it indicates that there is a risk of multipath interference at the jth antenna node, indicating that the signal is strong but jittery, and the first tuning instruction is generated;

[0036] When Q j ∈[0.5,0.7], or When , the communication quality of the jth antenna node is unqualified, and a second tuning instruction is generated;

[0037] When Q j <0.5, or When , the communication quality of the jth antenna node is unqualified, and a third tuning instruction is generated;

[0038] When Q j <0.5, or When the three time periods are exceeded, the frequency band switching instruction is triggered, including: activating the backup frequency band, executing the frequency band switching instruction from VHF to shortwave HF through the shortwave electrical length extension automatic switching device; and initializing the second radiator and its corresponding polarization state.

[0039] Preferably, the antenna tuning module includes an instruction recognition unit and a tuning execution unit;

[0040] The instruction recognition unit is used to receive and recognize the first tuning instruction, the second tuning instruction, or the third tuning instruction generated by the first judgment unit, and allocate a corresponding tuning operation amplitude accordingly, and execute the corresponding tuning instruction operation through the tuning execution unit, including:

[0041] The first tuning instruction includes: making minor adjustments to the matching network parameters in the antenna switching and ultra-short wave broadband tuning device only, specifically: fine-tuning the series branch inductor L1 by ±5%; fine-tuning the parallel branch capacitor C1 by ±3 pF; while keeping the first radiator in an active state, and not participating in the adjustment of the short wave electrical length extension automatic switching device and the second radiator;

[0042] The second tuning instruction includes adjusting the matching network parameters in the antenna switching and ultra-short wave broadband tuning device in a medium range, including adjusting the series inductor L1 within a range of ±15%, and adjusting the parallel capacitors C1 and C2 within a range of ±10 pF each. The first radiator remains activated, and the short wave electrical length extension automatic switching device and the second radiator remain inactive.

[0043] The third tuning instruction includes: performing substantial adjustments to the matching network parameters in the antenna switching and ultra-short wave broadband tuning device, specifically: expanding the adjustment range of the series branch inductor L1 to ±25% on the current basis; adjusting the parallel branch capacitors C1 and C2 by ±20 pico-farads respectively; and while maintaining the continuous activation of the first radiator, the short-wave electrical length extension automatic switching device and the second radiator are still not involved in the adjustment.

[0044] Preferably, the antenna tuning module further includes an updating unit;

[0045] The updating unit is configured to execute the following steps after the corresponding tuning instruction is given, including:

[0046] Real-time detection of the change in the channel quality index ΔQ corresponding to the jth antenna node after tuning is performed j , used to determine whether the tuning operation meets the quality standards:

[0047]

[0048] in, represents the channel quality index corresponding to the jth antenna node after the tuning operation is performed; represents the channel quality index corresponding to the jth antenna node before the tuning operation is performed;

[0049] When ΔQj ≥0.1 and Q j >0.7, indicating that the corresponding tuning command of this round is valid, the debugging is successful, and the communication quality is qualified;

[0050] When ΔQ j ≥0.1 but Q j In the range of [0.5, 0.7], it means that the corresponding tuning instructions of this round are valid, but not fully recovered, and an updated adjustment instruction is generated, including: fine-tuning the matching network parameters in the antenna switching and ultra-short wave broadband tuning device again, specifically: fine-tuning the series branch inductor L1 by ±2% on the current basis; fine-tuning the parallel branch capacitor C1 by ±1.5 pico-farads on the current basis; at the same time, a small posture correction is made to the bendable gooseneck posture, and ±10° is fine-tuned on the basis of the existing angle to correct the main lobe direction of the antenna radiation pattern and further adapt to the multipath propagation path in a dynamic environment; the first radiator remains activated continuously, and the shortwave electrical length extension automatic switching device and the second radiator do not participate in the adjustment; until Q j >0.7;

[0051] When ΔQ j ≥0.1 and Q j <0.5, indicating that the corresponding tuning instruction is valid, but the communication quality is still unqualified, update the adjustment instruction, consistent with the above update adjustment instruction, until Q j >0.7;

[0052] When ΔQ j <0.1, and Q j ≤0.7, indicating that the corresponding tuning command of this round is invalid; triggering the frequency band switching command.

[0053] Preferably, the polarization mode switching module includes an environmental data acquisition unit, a polarization deviation analysis unit and a second evaluation unit;

[0054] The environmental data acquisition unit is used to collect environmental information of the jth antenna node in the target area, including the high-rise building distribution density M, vegetation coverage Z and terrain slope P;

[0055] When the high-rise building density M exceeds X buildings, the target area of ​​the jth antenna node is identified as an urban high-rise building area;

[0056] When the high-rise building density M ≥ 5 buildings, and Identify the target area of ​​the jth antenna node as a high-rise building area in the city;

[0057] When the terrain slope is ≥15°, and Identify the jth antenna node in the target area as a mountain reflection area;

[0058] But the vegetation coverage Z ≥ 60%, and the average value of the signal strength received by the jth antenna node in the T period < signal strength threshold, identifying the jth antenna node as a forest-blocked area in the target area;

[0059] The jth antenna node in the identified urban high-rise building area, mountain reflection area and forest shielding area is summarized to generate an interference-prone group.

[0060] Preferably, the polarization deviation analysis unit is used to collect polarization-related interference data received by the j-th antenna node in the interference-prone group, including components in different polarization directions;

[0061] The way to obtain it is:

[0062] Through the polarization deviation analysis unit, the jth antenna node is collected at t k The horizontally polarized complex signal component E at time j,H (t k ) and the vertically polarized complex signal component E j,V (t k ), where k = 1, 2, ..., M, where M is the total number of samples;

[0063]

[0064] Among them, A j,H (t k ) indicates that the jth antenna node is at t k The amplitude value of the horizontal polarization component at the moment; J represents the imaginary unit;

[0065] A j,V (t k ) indicates that the jth antenna node is at t k The amplitude value of the vertical polarization component at time t;

[0066] φ j,H (t k ) indicates that the jth antenna node is at t k The phase angle corresponding to the horizontal polarization component at the moment;

[0067] φ j,V (t k ) indicates that the jth antenna node is at t k The phase angle corresponding to the vertical polarization component at time t;

[0068] According to the collected complex signal, calculate the jth antenna node at t k Polarization deviation angle θ at time j (t k ), which is used to describe the degree to which the polarization direction of the received signal deviates from the ideal polarization direction. The calculation expression is:

[0069]

[0070] Where arg(·) represents the complex argument function;

[0071] The average of the polarization deviation angles sampled at M moments is taken to calculate the average polarization deviation angle of the jth antenna node.

[0072]

[0073] Preferably, the second evaluation unit is used to calculate the average polarization deviation angle of the j-th antenna node Make a judgment and obtain the second evaluation result. The judgment conditions are:

[0074] like This means that the polarization direction of the jth antenna node matches the received signal and the current polarization mode is maintained without switching.

[0075] like This indicates that the polarization direction of the jth antenna node does not match the received signal, and there is a risk of first-level deviation. A "slant polarization mode adjustment instruction" is generated, including: adjusting the matching network parameters through antenna switching and ultra-short wave broadband tuning devices, fine-tuning the series branch inductor L1 by ±10%, and fine-tuning the parallel branch capacitor C1 by ±5 pico-farads to change the proportion of polarization components; adjusting the posture through the bendable gooseneck, with an adjustment angle range of ±30°, to achieve physical polarization direction deflection; and keeping the first radiator activated.

[0076] like It means that the polarization direction of the jth antenna node does not match the received signal, and there is a risk of deviation from the second center pole, and a "circular polarization mode adjustment instruction" is generated, including: connecting the second radiator through the shortwave electrical length extension automatic switching device to realize the circular polarization antenna mode switching; reconfiguring the matching network of the antenna switching and ultra-shortwave broadband tuning device, adjusting the inductor L2 and the capacitor C3 to match the circular polarization characteristics, and setting the adjustment amplitude according to the frequency band requirements, generally ±15% inductance, ±10pF capacitance; the bendable gooseneck can be used for small attitude fine-tuning of ±15° to optimize the radiation direction; turning off the first radiator to avoid signal conflict;

[0077] like It means that the current polarization direction of the jth antenna node matches the received signal and is perfectly aligned, forcing the vertical polarization mode to be maintained, including: keeping the first radiator activated to maintain vertical polarization radiation; the bendable gooseneck can be fine-tuned by ±5° to accurately align with the main direction of the signal; the shortwave electrical length extension automatic switching device and the second radiator remain disconnected to avoid interference.

[0078] The present invention provides an antenna switching system with intelligent electronically controlled tuning and multi-band interference suppression. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0079] The present invention constructs a cluster networking system composed of multiple backpack communication stations, and cooperates with a real-time channel quality perception mechanism to dynamically monitor the communication performance of each antenna node, identify signs of link degradation such as a sudden increase in bit error rate, signal strength fluctuations, and a decrease in signal-to-noise ratio, and effectively improve the robustness of communications in complex terrains such as jungles, urban buildings, or valleys. The channel quality perception module collects and evaluates the received signal strength, bit error rate, and signal-to-noise ratio in real time to achieve accurate perception of the health status of the communication link. When the link quality degrades, tuning instructions or frequency band switching instructions can be generated in a timely manner, thereby quickly responding to communication fluctuations, significantly reducing link interruptions, data loss, and voice jams, and ensuring stable communication support at the mission site.

[0080] The antenna tuning module supports a three-level dynamic response mechanism: fine tuning, medium tuning, and large tuning. It flexibly adjusts matching network parameters and antenna structure angles based on the degree of communication mismatch, avoiding increased system energy consumption and response delays caused by frequent frequency switching due to minor mismatches, thereby improving spectrum resource utilization efficiency. Furthermore, it can be further fine-tuned with update commands to adapt to continuous small environmental changes, improving the accuracy of the tuning closed-loop control.

[0081] In environments with significant multipath effects (such as reflections from urban buildings and obstructions from forests), this system can effectively optimize the standing wave ratio (SWR) by adjusting inductor and capacitor parameters and antenna posture, reducing the problem of severe fluctuations in signal strength caused by path mismatch. The polarization mode switching module actively evaluates and switches the antenna polarization state based on the spatial characteristics and polarization mismatch statistics of typical complex environments (such as urban high-rise buildings, dense forests, and mountain reflection areas). Compared with traditional fixed polarization solutions, it can more effectively match the actual propagation polarization direction of the signal, improve reception efficiency, reduce polarization mismatch losses, and suppress polarization-related interference, effectively improving bit error rate performance. In scenarios where communication quality deteriorates severely and multiple tuning attempts are ineffective, this system can automatically activate the backup frequency band (such as switching from VHF to HF), and in conjunction with the activation of the second radiator and the automatic extension switching device, complete seamless cross-band switching, ensuring the continuity and recoverability of long-distance communication capabilities and effectively expanding communication coverage. The portable, foldable antenna structure used in this invention can be quickly deployed on backpack radio systems, meeting the tactical concealment and mobility requirements of individual and squad-level missions. Its bendable gooseneck mechanism maintains vertical polarization even when lying down for concealment, ensuring that communication coverage angles are not affected by posture changes, making it suitable for actual combat use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0082] Figure 1The figure is a flow chart of an antenna switching system with intelligent electronically controlled tuning and multi-band interference suppression according to the present invention.

[0083] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the antenna node installed on the backpack communication station.

[0084] 1. Antenna switching and ultra-short wave broadband tuning device; 2. Bendable gooseneck; 3. First radiator; 4. Shortwave electrical length extension automatic switching device; 5. Second radiator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0085] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0086] Example 1

[0087] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides an antenna switching system with intelligent electronically controlled tuning and multi-band interference suppression, including a channel quality sensing module, an antenna tuning module, and a polarization mode switching module:

[0088] The channel quality perception module is used to build a cluster network communication composed of several antenna nodes at the emergency rescue site, and collect the real-time received signal strength, bit error rate and signal-to-noise ratio information from each antenna node to the receiving end, and build the channel quality index Q corresponding to the jth antenna node j , and the normalized multipath fading coefficient corresponding to the jth antenna node Perform a dual-condition evaluation of the antenna node's communication quality to determine the antenna node's communication quality status. If the evaluation result indicates that the communication quality is unqualified, generate a corresponding tuning instruction or frequency band switching instruction, and activate the corresponding antenna tuning module and polarization switching module to restore the communication link quality.

[0089] The antenna node is installed on a backpack communication platform and includes: an antenna switching and ultra-short wave broadband tuning device 1, a bendable gooseneck 2, a first radiator 3, a short wave electrical length extension automatic switching device 4 and a second radiator 5;

[0090] The antenna tuning module is used to receive the corresponding tuning instruction to perform the corresponding amplitude matching network parameter adjustment and antenna structure posture adjustment operation, and to detect in real time the change amplitude ΔQ of the channel quality index corresponding to the jth antenna node after the tuning is executed. j , used to determine whether the tuning operation meets the quality standards. If not, an update adjustment instruction is generated;

[0091] The polarization mode switching module is used to identify the jth antenna node in the urban high-rise area, mountain reflection area and forest shielding area, and summarize them into interference-prone groups, and collect polarization-related interference data to construct the average polarization deviation angle of the jth antenna node. and evaluating to obtain a second evaluation result, and generating a corresponding polarization mode switching instruction according to the second evaluation result.

[0092] In this embodiment, by constructing a cluster networking system consisting of multiple backpack communication stations and coordinating with a real-time channel quality perception mechanism, it is possible to dynamically monitor the communication performance of each antenna node, identify signs of link degradation such as a sudden increase in bit error rate, signal strength fluctuations, and a decrease in signal-to-noise ratio, and effectively improve the robustness of communications in complex terrains such as jungles, urban buildings, or valleys. The channel quality perception module collects and evaluates the received signal strength, bit error rate, and signal-to-noise ratio in real time to achieve accurate perception of the health status of the communication link. When the link quality degrades, tuning instructions or frequency band switching instructions can be generated in a timely manner, thereby quickly responding to communication fluctuations, significantly reducing link interruptions, data loss, and voice freezes, and ensuring stable communication support at the mission site.

[0093] The antenna tuning module supports a three-level dynamic response mechanism: fine tuning, medium tuning, and large tuning. It flexibly adjusts matching network parameters and antenna structure angles based on the degree of communication mismatch, avoiding increased system energy consumption and response delays caused by frequent frequency switching due to minor mismatches, thereby improving spectrum resource utilization efficiency. Furthermore, it can be further fine-tuned with update commands to adapt to continuous small environmental changes, improving the accuracy of the tuning closed-loop control.

[0094] In environments with significant multipath effects (such as reflections from urban buildings and obstructions from forests), this system can effectively optimize the standing wave ratio (SWR) by adjusting inductor and capacitor parameters and antenna posture, reducing the problem of severe fluctuations in signal strength caused by path mismatch. The polarization mode switching module actively evaluates and switches the antenna polarization state based on the spatial characteristics and polarization mismatch statistics of typical complex environments (such as urban high-rise buildings, dense forests, and mountain reflection areas). Compared with traditional fixed polarization solutions, it can more effectively match the actual propagation polarization direction of the signal, improve reception efficiency, reduce polarization mismatch losses, and suppress polarization-related interference, effectively improving bit error rate performance. In scenarios where communication quality deteriorates severely and multiple tuning attempts are ineffective, this system can automatically activate the backup frequency band (such as switching from VHF to HF), and in conjunction with the activation of the second radiator and the automatic extension switching device, complete seamless cross-band switching, ensuring the continuity and recoverability of long-distance communication capabilities and effectively expanding communication coverage. The portable, foldable antenna structure used in this invention can be quickly deployed on backpack radio systems, meeting the tactical concealment and mobility requirements of individual and squad-level missions. Its bendable gooseneck mechanism maintains vertical polarization even when lying down for concealment, ensuring that communication coverage angles are not affected by posture changes, making it suitable for actual combat use.

[0095] Example 2

[0096] This embodiment is explained in Example 1, please refer to Figure 1 ,Specifically, the channel quality perception module includes a cluster communication ,architecture unit;

[0097] The cluster communication architecture unit is used to establish a cluster network communication composed of backpack communication stations carried by multiple rescuers at the emergency rescue site. Each backpack communication station is equipped with an independent smart antenna to form multiple antenna nodes that can work independently;

[0098] like Figure 2 As shown, the antenna node is installed on a backpack communication platform and includes: an antenna switching and ultra-short wave broadband tuning device 1, a bendable gooseneck 2, a first radiator 3, a short wave electrical length extension automatic switching device 4 and a second radiator 5;

[0099] The first radiator 3 is used for VHF band communication;

[0100] The second radiator 5 is a short-wave electrical length extension body;

[0101] The shortwave electrical length extension automatic switching device 4 is used to automatically connect or disconnect the second radiator 5 in the shortwave communication mode;

[0102] The bendable gooseneck 2 is used to adjust the antenna angle and layout posture;

[0103] The antenna switching and tuning device is used to automatically switch between different frequency bands and perform impedance matching tuning;

[0104] The tuning elements include:

[0105] The series inductor L1 is a series branch in the ultra-short wave broadband tuning device 1. Its function is a series inductor and is used to adjust the antenna input impedance to improve the matching accuracy in the ultra-short wave (VHF) frequency band. The fine-tunable amplitude is used to compensate for small mismatches and suppress the standing wave ratio.

[0106] The parallel capacitor C1 is a parallel branch in the ultrashort wave broadband tuning device 1, and works in conjunction with L1 to adjust the resonant frequency and achieve fine tuning in the VHF range;

[0107] The parallel capacitor C2 is an additional parallel branch in the ultrashort wave broadband tuning device 1; it participates in the matching circuit tuning in the medium amplitude / high amplitude tuning scenario to improve the anti-interference and frequency band adaptability;

[0108] The series inductor L2 and the matching network in the shortwave electrical length extension automatic switching device 4 are used to form a circular polarization matching circuit with C3 when switching to the shortwave HF band, adapting to the low-frequency long-wave communication requirements;

[0109] The parallel capacitor C3 and the matching network in the shortwave electrical length extension automatic switching device 4 are used to match the antenna impedance characteristics in the shortwave frequency band and adapt to the circular polarization mode;

[0110] like Figure 2 As shown, the antenna node structure is detachable and foldable, consisting of five sections with a total length of 2530mm±10mm. It is lightweight and compact, with good portability and maneuverability, making it easy to quickly install and deploy at emergency sites.

[0111] In the very short wave (VHF) communication mode, the antenna switch at the base of the antenna and the broadband matching network embedded in the very short wave broadband tuning device 1 complete the automatic tuning of the matching impedance. The antenna interface adopts the 80C model interface, which is a universal whip antenna interface commonly used in military backpack shortwave radios. It can be directly screwed into the backpack communication radio for use without the need for additional adapters. When the antenna is screwed into the matching backpack communication station, the system automatically selects the shortwave or very short wave communication frequency band for operation according to the working instructions issued by the radio station: If the radio station is in the very short wave transceiver mode, there is no need for an accompanying DC control signal. The RF signal will be directly injected into the first radiator 3 through the very short wave broadband network matcher to achieve efficient VHF segment transceiver operation.

[0112] If the radio station switches to shortwave communication mode, it will be accompanied by a DC control signal while sending the RF signal, driving the shortwave electrical length extension automatic switching device 4 to operate, automatically disconnecting the ultra-shortwave matching network and connecting the second radiator 5, so that the overall electrical size of the antenna is extended, forming a series combination of "first radiator + second radiator", improving the shortwave band radiation efficiency, and achieving better long-range shortwave communication effects.

[0113] To meet the communication needs of special tactical situations such as lying down and concealing, the antenna node is equipped with a flexible gooseneck 2 structure that supports adjustable bending angles within a certain range. When lying down on the ground, the antenna can be bent from the gooseneck to maintain vertical polarization, maintaining horizontal omnidirectional radiation characteristics and ensuring stable and omnidirectional communication coverage.

[0114] Example 3

[0115] This embodiment is explained in Example 1, please refer to Figure 1 ,Specifically, the channel quality perception module also includes a channel data acquisition unit and a first judgment unit;

[0116] The channel data acquisition unit is used to collect the received signal strength, bit error rate and signal-to-noise ratio parameters of each antenna node in the communication link in real time through the radio frequency receiving device and signal processor in the receiving end of the antenna node, and calculate the channel quality index Q corresponding to the jth antenna node using the node number j as the index. j and the multipath fading coefficient F j ;

[0117] The channel quality index Q corresponding to the jth antenna node j The calculation method is:

[0118]

[0119] in, is the received signal strength of the jth antenna node, normalized to the interval [0,1], received signal strength RSSI j The range is [-100, -40]dBm, and the normalization process is:

[0120] in, is the bit error rate of the jth antenna node, normalized to the interval [0,1], and the bit error rate SNR j The range is [0,30]dB, and the normalization process is:

[0121] in, is the signal-to-noise ratio of the jth antenna node, normalized to the interval [0,1], and the received signal strength range is [0,0.1]. The normalization process is: The lower the bit error rate of the jth antenna node, the better. j Chinese represents “correctness”; α, β and γ represent weight coefficients respectively;

[0122] In complex environments (including urban emergency rescue, high-rise buildings and forests), communication signals are often affected by multipath reflection, diffraction and reflection, resulting in rapid fluctuations in signal strength (i.e., small-scale fading); this can seriously interfere with voice quality or data consistency, but traditional Q j This type of “fast-changing channel problem” is not easily captured in the index;

[0123] The multipath fading coefficient F corresponding to the jth antenna node j The calculation method is:

[0124] Collect the standard deviation of the received signal strength σRSSI in the T period j (T) and average The multipath fading coefficient F corresponding to the jth antenna node is obtained by calculating the following formula: j :And the multipath fading coefficient F corresponding to the jth antenna node j Normalize to the interval [0,1] to obtain the normalized multipath fading coefficient corresponding to the jth antenna node

[0125]

[0126] And the multipath fading coefficient F corresponding to the jth antenna node j Normalize to the interval [0,1] to obtain the normalized multipath fading coefficient corresponding to the jth antenna node

[0127]

[0128] Among them, F max The maximum tolerated fading threshold is set to 0.2. The normalized small jitter tolerance range is: after normalizing the signal strength to the [0,1] interval, 0.2 means that a short-term drop of the signal within 20% is allowed without triggering an alarm or tuning.

[0129] Collect the received signal strength RSSI within a given time window, that is, the T period j Sequence, the expression is: N represents the total number of sample values;

[0130] Then: average value The calculation expression is:

[0131]

[0132] in, represents the received signal strength of the i-th sampling point of the j-th antenna node;

[0133] Standard deviation σRSSI j (T) The calculation expression is:

[0134]

[0135] In this embodiment, the channel quality index Q is constructed by simultaneously collecting and integrating key communication indicators such as received signal strength, bit error rate, and signal-to-noise ratio. j , which can comprehensively reflect the link availability, correctness and anti-interference ability, and is more scientific and reliable than the traditional evaluation method that only relies on a single signal strength. The introduction of a normalization processing mechanism maps each physical parameter to a unified interval [0,1] to avoid inconsistent indicator calculations caused by different device models, different antenna gains or differences in RF front ends, and improve the versatility and compatibility of the module on different communication platforms. Traditional Q j The index cannot effectively identify rapid channel fluctuations caused by building reflections, forest obstruction, and other factors. The introduction of the multipath fading coefficient Fj, modeled based on the ratio of the standard deviation to the mean of the received signal strength, can capture short-term, dramatic fluctuations, significantly improving the dynamic identification of fast-changing channels and facilitating the timely issuance of link risk warnings or tuning instructions.

[0136] Example 4

[0137] This embodiment is explained in Example 1, please refer to Figure 1 Specifically, the first judgment unit is used to judge the communication quality of the j-th antenna node, including:

[0138] When Qj>0.7, and When , it means that the communication quality of the jth antenna node is qualified;

[0139] When Q j >0.7, and When , it indicates that there is a risk of multipath interference at the jth antenna node, indicating that the signal is strong but jittery, and the first tuning instruction is generated;

[0140] When Q j ∈[0.5,0.7], or When , the communication quality of the jth antenna node is unqualified, and a second tuning instruction is generated;

[0141] When Q j <0.5, or When , the communication quality of the jth antenna node is unqualified, and a third tuning instruction is generated;

[0142] When Q j <0.5, or When the three time periods are exceeded, the frequency band switching instruction is triggered, including: activating the standby frequency band, executing the frequency band switching instruction through the shortwave electrical length extension automatic switching device 4, performing the reconfiguration of the matching network from VHF→shortwave HF, enabling the resonance parameters suitable for the shortwave frequency band; and initializing the second radiator 5 and its corresponding polarization state.

[0143] When Qj>0.7, the communication link is stable, the signal-to-noise ratio is high, and the bit error rate is low, meeting the basic requirements of high-quality communication. This threshold refers to the excellent interval division in the typical wireless link quality evaluation model (for example, the LQI value in the ZigBee network is higher than 200 / 255, which is approximately equal to 0.78);

[0144] Q j When ∈[0.5,0.7], it indicates that the link quality is in a critical state, with fluctuations or occasional interference, which may affect the stability of continuous communication. Therefore, it is judged that the communication quality is unqualified but can be adjusted;

[0145] Q j When it is less than 0.5, it indicates that the link attenuation is severe or the interference is strong. The reference wireless channel BER index is greater than 10^-3 or the SNR is less than 6dB, which is the standard criterion for communication failure.

[0146] Multipath fading coefficient corresponding to the jth antenna node If it exceeds 0.3, it means that although Q j The score is high, but the signal has problems such as multipath reflection or sudden strong interference, so it is necessary to issue the first tuning command for dynamic filtering or pointing optimization;

[0147] Q in multiple periods (such as three consecutive periods) j Both are lower than 0.5. Combined with the continuous link instability, it is considered that the current frequency band is no longer applicable, so the frequency band switching mechanism is triggered, and the ultra-short wave VHF band is preferentially switched from the short wave HF band with stronger penetration and better anti-multipath capability.

[0148] In this embodiment, the first judgment unit adopts a multi-level judgment mechanism by comprehensively analyzing the channel quality index Qj and multipath fading coefficient of the jth antenna node. It can accurately distinguish different states of communication quality, including qualified communication quality, multipath interference risk, and different degrees of communication degradation, and then generate corresponding tuning instructions to achieve phased and dynamic adjustment. In particular, when the communication quality continues to be lower than the threshold and exceeds the preset time period, the system automatically triggers frequency band switching, activates the backup shortwave frequency band, and cooperates with the shortwave electrical length extension automatic switching device to switch to the HF frequency band. At the same time, it initializes the second radiator and its polarization state, greatly improving the stability and anti-interference capability of the communication link. This mechanism effectively ensures the adaptive adjustment and link continuity of the communication system in complex and changing tactical and emergency environments, and improves the command and dispatch efficiency and task completion rate of troops or emergency personnel.

[0149] Example 5

[0150] This embodiment is explained in Example 1, please refer to Figure 1 ,Specifically, the antenna tuning module includes an instruction recognition unit and a tuning execution unit;

[0151] The instruction recognition unit is used to receive and recognize the first tuning instruction, the second tuning instruction, or the third tuning instruction generated by the first judgment unit, and allocate a corresponding tuning operation amplitude accordingly, and execute the corresponding tuning instruction operation through the tuning execution unit, including:

[0152] The first tuning instruction includes: only fine-tuning the matching network parameters in the antenna switching and ultra-short wave broadband tuning device 1, specifically including: fine-tuning the series branch inductor L1, with an adjustment range of ±5%; fine-tuning the parallel branch capacitor C1, with an adjustment range of ±3 pF; while keeping the first radiator 3 in an activated state, and the short-wave electrical length extension automatic switching device 4 and the second radiator 5 not participating in the adjustment; this fine tuning is used to compensate for small mismatches or signal receiving signal strength RSSI j Jitter, suppress the increase of standing wave ratio and improve communication stability;

[0153] The second tuning instruction includes medium-range adjustment of the matching network parameters in the antenna switching and ultra-short wave broadband tuning device 1, including an adjustment range of ±15% for the series inductor L1 and ±10 pico-farads for the parallel capacitors C1 and C2. The first radiator 3 remains activated, and the short-wave electrical length extension automatic switching device 4 and the second radiator 5 remain inactive. This level of tuning is mainly used to respond to a decrease in bit error rate or channel quality, optimize the quality of the communication link, and delay the need for frequency band switching;

[0154] The third tuning instruction involves significantly adjusting the matching network parameters in the antenna switching and ultra-shortwave broadband tuning device 1. Specifically, the adjustment range of series branch inductor L1 is expanded to ±25% from its current value; parallel branch capacitors C1 and C2 are each adjusted by ±20 pF; and, while maintaining the activation of first radiator 3, the shortwave electrical length extension automatic switching device 4 and second radiator 5 remain unaffected. This level of tuning is used in scenarios with severe RSSI fluctuations, significant multipath mismatch, or a rapidly declining signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). It maximizes the matching potential within the current frequency band, delaying or avoiding band switching requests, and improving link anti-interference capabilities and stability.

[0155] In this embodiment, the antenna tuning module accurately receives and classifies the multi-level tuning instructions from the first judgment unit through the instruction recognition unit, allocates three tuning operation amplitudes of fine, medium and large according to different communication quality conditions, flexibly adjusts the matching network parameters, and realizes refined matching optimization. The tuning execution unit strictly adjusts the impedance parameters of the series inductor L1 and the parallel capacitors C1 and C2 according to the instructions, while maintaining the stability of the antenna radiator structure, avoiding frequent frequency switching, and fully tapping the performance potential in the current frequency band. This multi-level tuning mechanism effectively compensates for small signal mismatches, suppresses RSSI jitter and increased standing wave ratio, and improves the stability of the communication link; for scenarios with severe multipath interference and deterioration of the signal-to-noise ratio, large-scale tuning is implemented to delay frequency band switching, thereby enhancing the link's anti-interference capability and communication reliability. The overall system's adaptability and sustained combat communication support level in complex battlefields and emergency environments are improved.

[0156] Example 6

[0157] This embodiment is explained in Example 1, please refer to Figure 1 ,Specifically, the antenna tuning module also includes an updating unit;

[0158] The updating unit is configured to execute the following steps after the corresponding tuning instruction is given, including:

[0159] Real-time detection of the change in the channel quality index ΔQ corresponding to the jth antenna node after tuning is performed j , used to determine whether the tuning operation meets the quality standards:

[0160]

[0161] in, represents the channel quality index corresponding to the jth antenna node after the tuning operation is performed; represents the channel quality index corresponding to the jth antenna node before the tuning operation is performed;

[0162] When ΔQ j≥0.1 and Q j >0.7, indicating that the corresponding tuning command of this round is valid, the debugging is successful, and the communication quality is qualified;

[0163] When ΔQ j ≥0.1 but Q j In the range of [0.5, 0.7], it means that the corresponding tuning instruction of this round is valid, but not fully recovered, and an updated adjustment instruction is generated, including: fine-tuning the matching network parameters in the antenna switching and ultra-short wave broadband tuning device 1 again, specifically: fine-tuning the series branch inductor L1 by ±2% on the current basis; fine-tuning the parallel branch capacitor C1 by ±1.5 pico-farads on the current basis; at the same time, a small posture correction is made to the bendable gooseneck 2, and ±10° is fine-tuned on the basis of the existing angle to correct the main lobe direction of the antenna radiation pattern and further adapt to the multipath propagation path in a dynamic environment; the first radiator 3 remains in an activated state, and the shortwave electrical length extension automatic switching device 4 and the second radiator 5 do not participate in the adjustment; until Q j >0.7;

[0164] When ΔQ j ≥0.1 and Q j <0.5, indicating that the corresponding tuning instruction is valid, but the communication quality is still unqualified, update the adjustment instruction, consistent with the above update adjustment instruction, until Q j >0.7;

[0165] When ΔQ j <0.1, and Q j ≤0.7 indicates that the corresponding tuning command for this round is invalid; triggering the frequency band switching command includes: activating the backup frequency band, executing the frequency band switching command through the shortwave electrical length extension automatic switching device 4, reconfiguring the matching network from VHF to shortwave HF, enabling resonance parameters suitable for the shortwave frequency band; and initializing the second radiator 5 and its corresponding polarization state.

[0166] In this embodiment, the antenna tuning module uses an update unit to monitor and provide feedback on the effect of each tuning instruction in real time. The update unit accurately detects the change in the channel quality index of the jth antenna node before and after tuning, and dynamically evaluates whether the tuning has achieved the expected effect based on a set threshold and communication quality standard.

[0167] When the tuning operation significantly improves the communication quality and meets the qualified standards, the tuning is judged to be successful and the communication link is stable; if the quality has improved but not fully recovered, the update unit automatically issues subtle adjustment instructions, including fine-tuning of the matching network parameters and the angle of the bendable gooseneck, optimizing the direction of the antenna's main lobe radiation, more accurately adapting to the multipath propagation environment, and continuously improving the communication quality until it meets the requirements.

[0168] If tuning is effective but communication quality still does not meet standards, the above-mentioned update adjustment strategy will be continued to ensure that the system fully utilizes the performance of the current frequency band. If the tuning effect is not sufficient to improve the channel quality, the frequency band switching command will be triggered, the backup frequency band will be activated, and the shortwave electrical length extension automatic switching device will automatically complete the switch from VHF to shortwave HF. The matching network and polarization state will be reconfigured to ensure the continuity and reliability of the communication link.

[0169] This updated feedback mechanism realizes closed-loop adaptive adjustment of antenna tuning, significantly enhancing the system's responsiveness to dynamic and complex electromagnetic environments, improving the stability and anti-interference level of the communication link, and ensuring efficient command and mission execution in military training and tactical scenes.

[0170] Example 7

[0171] This embodiment is explained in Example 1, please refer to Figure 1 ,Specifically, the polarization mode switching module includes an environmental data acquisition unit, a polarization deviation analysis unit and a second evaluation unit;

[0172] The environmental data acquisition unit is used to collect environmental information of the jth antenna node in the target area, including the high-rise building distribution density M, vegetation coverage Z and terrain slope P;

[0173] When the high-rise building density M exceeds X buildings, the target area of ​​the jth antenna node is identified as an urban high-rise building area;

[0174] When the high-rise building density M ≥ 5 buildings, and Identify the target area of ​​the jth antenna node as a high-rise building area in the city;

[0175] When the terrain slope is ≥15°, and Identify the jth antenna node in the target area as a mountain reflection area;

[0176] But the vegetation coverage Z ≥ 60%, and the average value of the signal strength received by the jth antenna node in the T period < signal strength threshold, identifying the jth antenna node as a forest-blocked area in the target area;

[0177] The jth antenna node in the identified urban high-rise building area, mountain reflection area and forest shielding area is summarized to generate an interference-prone group.

[0178] The polarization deviation analysis unit is used to collect polarization-related interference data received by the j-th antenna node in the interference-prone group, including components in different polarization directions;

[0179] The way to obtain it is:

[0180] Through the polarization deviation analysis unit, the jth antenna node is collected at t k The horizontally polarized complex signal component E at time j,H (t k ) and the vertically polarized complex signal component E j,V (t k ), where k = 1, 2, ..., M, where M is the total number of samples;

[0181]

[0182] Among them, A j,H (t k ) indicates that the jth antenna node is at t k The amplitude value of the horizontal polarization component at the moment; J represents the imaginary unit;

[0183] A j,V (t k ) indicates that the jth antenna node is at t k The amplitude value of the vertical polarization component at time t;

[0184] φ j,H (t k ) indicates that the jth antenna node is at t k The phase angle corresponding to the horizontal polarization component at the moment;

[0185] φ j,V (t k ) indicates that the jth antenna node is at t k The phase angle corresponding to the vertical polarization component at time t;

[0186] According to the collected complex signal, calculate the jth antenna node at t k Polarization deviation angle θ at time j (t k ), which is used to describe the degree to which the polarization direction of the received signal deviates from the ideal polarization direction. The calculation expression is:

[0187]

[0188] Where arg(·) represents the complex argument function;

[0189] The average of the polarization deviation angles sampled at M moments is taken to calculate the average polarization deviation angle of the jth antenna node.

[0190]

[0191] The second evaluation unit is used to evaluate the average polarization deviation angle of the jth antenna node Make a judgment and obtain the second evaluation result. The judgment conditions are:

[0192] like This means that the polarization direction of the jth antenna node matches the received signal and the current polarization mode is maintained without switching.

[0193] like This indicates that the polarization direction of the jth antenna node does not match the received signal, and there is a risk of first-level deviation. A "slant polarization mode adjustment instruction" is generated, including: adjusting the matching network parameters through antenna switching and ultra-short wave broadband tuning device 1, fine-tuning the series branch inductor L1 by ±10%, and fine-tuning the parallel branch capacitor C1 by ±5 pico-farads to change the proportion of polarization components; adjusting the posture through the bendable gooseneck 2, with an adjustment angle range of ±30° to achieve physical polarization direction deflection; and keeping the first radiator 3 activated.

[0194] like It means that the polarization direction of the jth antenna node does not match the received signal, and there is a risk of deviation from the second center pole, and a "circular polarization mode adjustment instruction" is generated, including: connecting the second radiator 5 through the shortwave electrical length extension automatic switching device 4 to realize the circular polarization antenna mode switching; the antenna switching and ultra-shortwave broadband tuning device 1 reconfigures the matching network, adjusts the inductor L2 and the capacitor C3 to match the circular polarization characteristics, and the adjustment amplitude is set according to the frequency band requirements, generally ±15% inductance, ±10pF capacitance; the bendable gooseneck 2 can be fine-tuned by ±15° to optimize the radiation direction; the first radiator 3 is turned off to avoid signal conflict;

[0195] like It means that the current polarization direction of the jth antenna node matches the received signal and is perfectly aligned, forcing the vertical polarization mode to be maintained, including: keeping the first radiator 3 activated to maintain vertical polarization radiation; the bendable gooseneck 2 can be fine-tuned by ±5° to accurately align with the main direction of the signal; the shortwave electrical length extension automatic switching device 4 and the second radiator 5 remain disconnected to avoid interference.

[0196] In this embodiment, by collecting multi-dimensional environmental parameters such as the density of high-rise buildings, vegetation coverage, and terrain slope, urban high-rise building areas, mountainous reflective areas, and forest obstruction areas are accurately identified. Antenna nodes whose communications are susceptible to interference are classified according to different environmental characteristics to form interference-prone groups, thereby realizing intelligent environmental zoning management and improving the pertinence and effectiveness of subsequent polarization adjustment. By collecting the horizontal polarization and vertical polarization complex signal components of the antenna nodes at multiple times, combining the amplitude and phase information, the polarization deviation angle is calculated to dynamically reflect the degree of deviation between the signal polarization direction and the ideal polarization direction. The multi-time average polarization deviation angle reduces the misjudgment caused by instantaneous fluctuations and ensures the stability and accuracy of the judgment. According to the average polarization deviation angle, graded judgment is performed, corresponding to different states such as "qualified match", "first level deviation risk", "second intermediate deviation risk", and "excellent match". Through fine grading, the system can implement differentiated polarization adjustment instructions, which not only avoids energy consumption and interference caused by unnecessary switching, but also ensures timely response when the deviation risk increases, thereby protecting the quality of the communication link. For different deviation levels, corresponding adjustment strategies are adopted:

[0197] The slant polarization mode is adjusted by tuning the matching network parameters and adjusting the physical posture of the bendable gooseneck to dynamically change the polarization direction and ratio to adapt to complex multipath environments;

[0198] The vertical polarization is forced to be maintained for the best matching state to ensure the maximum signal reception efficiency and reduce unnecessary switching.

[0199] All polarization mode switching is automatically identified and executed by the system, eliminating the need for manual operation. This system rapidly responds to changes in the electromagnetic environment, significantly improving the adaptability and link stability of communication equipment in complex training and combat environments. It effectively reduces signal fading and errors caused by polarization mismatch and multipath interference, improving communication signal strength and quality. This ensures real-time and reliable command and dispatch during critical missions such as military training, border patrols, and tactical exercises, enhancing the troops' rapid response capabilities and overall combat effectiveness.

[0200] The threshold is set to facilitate comparison. The size of the threshold depends on the amount of sample data and the number of bases set by technicians in this field for each set of sample data; as long as it does not affect the proportional relationship between the parameter and the quantized value.

[0201] The above formulas are obtained by collecting a large amount of data and performing software simulation, and a formula close to the actual value is selected. The coefficients in the formula are set by those skilled in the art according to actual conditions. The above is only a preferred specific implementation method of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this. Any technician familiar with this technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, can make equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An antenna switching system with intelligent electronically controlled tuning and multi-band interference suppression, characterized in that: It includes channel quality perception module, antenna tuning module and polarization mode switching module: The channel quality perception module is used to build a cluster network communication composed of several antenna nodes at the emergency rescue site, and collect the real-time received signal strength, bit error rate and signal-to-noise ratio information from each antenna node to the receiving end, and build the channel quality index Q corresponding to the jth antenna node j , and the normalized multipath fading coefficient corresponding to the jth antenna node Perform a dual-condition evaluation of the antenna node's communication quality to determine the antenna node's communication quality status. If the evaluation result indicates that the communication quality is unqualified, generate a corresponding tuning instruction or frequency band switching instruction, and activate the corresponding antenna tuning module and polarization switching module to restore the communication link quality. The antenna node is installed on a backpack communication platform and comprises: an antenna switching and ultra-short wave broadband tuning device (1), a bendable gooseneck (2), a first radiator (3), a short wave electrical length extension automatic switching device (4) and a second radiator (5); The antenna tuning module is used to receive the corresponding tuning instruction to perform the corresponding amplitude matching network parameter adjustment and antenna structure posture adjustment operation, and to detect in real time the change amplitude ΔQ of the channel quality index corresponding to the jth antenna node after the tuning is executed. j , used to determine whether the tuning operation meets the quality standards. If not, an update adjustment instruction is generated; The polarization mode switching module is used to identify the jth antenna node in the urban high-rise area, mountain reflection area and forest shielding area, and summarize them into interference-prone groups, and collect polarization-related interference data to construct the average polarization deviation angle of the jth antenna node. and evaluating to obtain a second evaluation result, and generating a corresponding polarization mode switching instruction according to the second evaluation result.

2. The antenna switching system with intelligent electronically controlled tuning and multi-band interference suppression according to claim 1, characterized in that: The channel quality perception module includes a cluster communication architecture unit; The cluster communication architecture unit is used to establish a cluster network communication composed of backpack communication stations carried by multiple rescuers at the emergency rescue site. Each backpack communication station is equipped with an independent smart antenna to form multiple antenna nodes that can work independently; The antenna node is installed on a backpack communication platform and comprises: an antenna switching and ultra-short wave broadband tuning device (1), a bendable gooseneck (2), a first radiator (3), a short wave electrical length extension automatic switching device (4) and a second radiator (5); The first radiator (3) is used for VHF band communication; The second radiator (5) is a short-wave electrical length extension body; The shortwave electrical length extension automatic switching device (4) is used to automatically connect or disconnect the second radiator (5) in a shortwave communication mode; The bendable gooseneck (2) is used to adjust the antenna angle and layout posture; The antenna switching and tuning device is used to automatically switch between different frequency bands and perform impedance matching tuning; The antenna node structure is detachable and foldable, consisting of five sections with a total length of 2530mm±10mm.

3. The antenna switching system with intelligent electronically controlled tuning and multi-band interference suppression according to claim 2, characterized in that: The channel quality perception module also includes a channel data acquisition unit and a first judgment unit; The channel data acquisition unit is used to collect the received signal strength, bit error rate and signal-to-noise ratio parameters of each antenna node in the communication link in real time through the radio frequency receiving device and signal processor in the receiving end of the antenna node, and calculate the channel quality index Q corresponding to the jth antenna node using the node number j as the index. j and the multipath fading coefficient F j ; The channel quality index Q corresponding to the jth antenna node j The calculation method is: in, is the received signal strength of the jth antenna node, normalized to the interval [0,1], received signal strength RSSI j The range is [-100, -40]dBm, and the normalization process is: in, is the bit error rate of the jth antenna node, normalized to the interval [0,1], and the bit error rate SNR j The range is [0,30]dB, and the normalization process is: in, is the signal-to-noise ratio of the jth antenna node, normalized to the interval [0,1], and the received signal strength range is [0,0.1]. The normalization process is: α, β, and γ represent weight coefficients respectively; The multipath fading coefficient F corresponding to the jth antenna node j The calculation method is: Collect the standard deviation of the received signal strength σRSSI in the T period j (T) and average The multipath fading coefficient F corresponding to the jth antenna node is obtained by calculating the following formula: j :And the multipath fading coefficient F corresponding to the jth antenna node j Normalize to the interval [0,1] to obtain the normalized multipath fading coefficient corresponding to the jth antenna node And the multipath fading coefficient F corresponding to the jth antenna node j Normalize to the interval [0,1] to obtain the normalized multipath fading coefficient corresponding to the jth antenna node Among them, F max is the empirical maximum tolerated fading threshold, set to 0.

2.

4. The antenna switching system with intelligent electronically controlled tuning and multi-band interference suppression according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first judgment unit is configured to judge the communication quality of the j-th antenna node, including: When Q j >0.7, and When , it means that the communication quality of the jth antenna node is qualified; When Q j >0.7, and When , it indicates that there is a risk of multipath interference at the jth antenna node, indicating that the signal is strong but jittery, and the first tuning instruction is generated; When Q j ∈[0.5,0.7], or When , the communication quality of the jth antenna node is unqualified, and a second tuning instruction is generated; When Q j <0.5, or When , the communication quality of the jth antenna node is unqualified, and a third tuning instruction is generated; When Q j <0.5, or When the three time periods are exceeded, the frequency band switching instruction is triggered, including: activating the standby frequency band, executing the frequency band switching instruction through the shortwave electrical length extension automatic switching device (4), performing the reconfiguration of the matching network from VHF to shortwave HF, enabling the resonance parameters suitable for the shortwave frequency band; and initializing the second radiator (5) and its corresponding polarization state.

5. The antenna switching system with intelligent electronically controlled tuning and multi-band interference suppression according to claim 4, characterized in that: The antenna tuning module includes an instruction recognition unit and a tuning execution unit; The instruction recognition unit is used to receive and recognize the first tuning instruction, the second tuning instruction, or the third tuning instruction generated by the first judgment unit, and allocate a corresponding tuning operation amplitude accordingly, and execute the corresponding tuning instruction operation through the tuning execution unit, including: The first tuning instruction includes: only slightly adjusting the matching network parameters in the antenna switching and ultra-short wave broadband tuning device (1), specifically including: fine-tuning the series branch inductor L1, with an adjustment range of ±5%; fine-tuning the parallel branch capacitor C1, with an adjustment range of ±3 pico-farads; while keeping the first radiator (3) in an activated state, and the short wave electrical length extension automatic switching device (4) and the second radiator (5) not participating in the adjustment; The second tuning instruction includes adjusting the matching network parameters in the antenna switching and ultra-short wave broadband tuning device (1) in a medium range, including adjusting the series inductor L1 within a range of ±15%, and adjusting the parallel capacitors C1 and C2 within a range of ±10 pF, the first radiator (3) remains activated, and the short wave electrical length extension automatic switching device (4) and the second radiator (5) remain inactive; The third tuning instruction includes: performing a substantial adjustment operation on the matching network parameters in the antenna switching and ultra-short wave broadband tuning device (1), specifically including: expanding the adjustment range of the series branch inductor L1 to ±25% on the current basis; adjusting the parallel branch capacitors C1 and C2 to ±20 pF respectively; and under the premise of maintaining the continuous activation of the first radiator (3), the short wave electrical length extension automatic switching device (4) and the second radiator (5) still do not participate in the adjustment.

6. The antenna switching system with intelligent electronically controlled tuning and multi-band interference suppression according to claim 5, characterized in that: The antenna tuning module further includes an updating unit; The updating unit is configured to execute the following steps after the corresponding tuning instruction is given, including: Real-time detection of the change in the channel quality index ΔQ corresponding to the jth antenna node after tuning is performed j , used to determine whether the tuning operation meets the quality standards: in, represents the channel quality index corresponding to the jth antenna node after the tuning operation is performed; represents the channel quality index corresponding to the jth antenna node before the tuning operation is performed; When ΔQ j ≥0.1 and Q j >0.7, indicating that the corresponding tuning command of this round is valid, the debugging is successful, and the communication quality is qualified; When ΔQ j ≥0.1 but Q j In the range of [0.5, 0.7], it indicates that the corresponding tuning instruction of this round is valid, but not fully recovered, and an updated adjustment instruction is generated, including: fine-tuning the matching network parameters in the antenna switching and ultra-short wave broadband tuning device (1) again, specifically: fine-tuning the series branch inductor L1 by ±2% on the current basis; fine-tuning the parallel branch capacitor C1 by ±1.5 pico-farads on the current basis; at the same time, making a small posture correction to the bendable gooseneck (2), fine-tuning ±10° on the basis of the existing angle, to correct the main lobe direction of the antenna radiation pattern, and further adapt to the multipath propagation path in the dynamic environment; the first radiator (3) continues to remain in the activated state, and the short-wave electrical length extension automatic switching device (4) and the second radiator (5) do not participate in the adjustment; until Q j >0.7; When ΔQ j ≥0.1 and Q j <0.5, indicating that the corresponding tuning instruction is valid, but the communication quality is still unqualified, update the adjustment instruction, consistent with the above update adjustment instruction, until Q j >0.7; When ΔQ j <0.1, and Q j ≤0.7, indicating that the corresponding tuning command of this round is invalid; triggering the frequency band switching command.

7. The antenna switching system with intelligent electronically controlled tuning and multi-band interference suppression according to claim 6, characterized in that: The polarization mode switching module includes an environmental data acquisition unit, a polarization deviation analysis unit and a second evaluation unit; The environmental data acquisition unit is used to collect environmental information of the jth antenna node in the target area, including the high-rise building distribution density M, vegetation coverage Z and terrain slope P; When the high-rise building density M exceeds X buildings, the target area of ​​the jth antenna node is identified as an urban high-rise building area; When the high-rise building density M ≥ 5 buildings, and Identify the target area of ​​the jth antenna node as a high-rise building area in the city; When the terrain slope is ≥15°, and Identify the jth antenna node in the target area as a mountain reflection area; But the vegetation coverage Z ≥ 60%, and the average value of the signal strength received by the jth antenna node in the T period Identify the jth antenna node in the target area as a forest-blocked area; The jth antenna node in the identified urban high-rise building area, mountain reflection area and forest shielding area is summarized to generate an interference-prone group.

8. The antenna switching system with intelligent electronically controlled tuning and multi-band interference suppression according to claim 7, characterized in that: The polarization deviation analysis unit is used to collect polarization-related interference data received by the j-th antenna node in the interference-prone group, including components in different polarization directions; The way to obtain it is: Through the polarization deviation analysis unit, the jth antenna node is collected at t k The horizontally polarized complex signal component E at time j,H (t k ) and the vertically polarized complex signal component E j,V (t k ), where k = 1, 2, ..., M, where M is the total number of samples; Among them, A j,H (t k ) indicates that the jth antenna node is at t k The amplitude value of the horizontal polarization component at the moment; J represents the imaginary unit; A j,V (t k ) indicates that the jth antenna node is at t k The amplitude value of the vertical polarization component at time t; φ j,H (t k ) indicates that the jth antenna node is at t k The phase angle corresponding to the horizontal polarization component at the moment; φ j,V (t k ) indicates that the jth antenna node is at t k The phase angle corresponding to the vertical polarization component at time t; According to the collected complex signal, calculate the jth antenna node at t k Polarization deviation angle θ at time j (t k ), which is used to describe the degree to which the polarization direction of the received signal deviates from the ideal polarization direction. The calculation expression is: Where arg(·) represents the complex argument function; The average of the polarization deviation angles sampled at M moments is taken to calculate the average polarization deviation angle of the jth antenna node.

9. The antenna switching system with intelligent electronically controlled tuning and multi-band interference suppression according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second evaluation unit is used to evaluate the average polarization deviation angle of the jth antenna node Make a judgment and obtain the second evaluation result. The judgment conditions are: like This means that the polarization direction of the jth antenna node matches the received signal and the current polarization mode is maintained without switching. like This indicates that the polarization direction of the jth antenna node does not match the received signal, and there is a first-level deviation risk, generating a "slant polarization mode adjustment instruction", including: adjusting the matching network parameters through antenna switching and ultra-short wave broadband tuning device (1), fine-tuning the series branch inductor L1 by ±10%, and fine-tuning the parallel branch capacitor C1 by ±5 pico-farads to change the polarization component ratio; adjusting the posture through the bendable gooseneck (2), adjusting the angle range to ±30°, and realizing physical polarization direction deflection; keeping the first radiator (3) in an activated state; like It means that the polarization direction of the jth antenna node does not match the received signal, and there is a risk of deviation from the second center pole, and a "circular polarization mode adjustment instruction" is generated, including: connecting the second radiator (5) through the short-wave electrical length extension automatic switching device (4) to realize the circular polarization antenna mode switching; the antenna switching and ultra-short wave broadband tuning device (1) reconfigures the matching network, adjusts the inductor L2 and the capacitor C3, matches the circular polarization characteristics, and the adjustment amplitude is set according to the frequency band requirements, generally ±15% inductance, ±10pF capacitance; the bendable gooseneck (2) can be used for small posture fine-tuning of ±15° to optimize the radiation direction; and the first radiator (3) is turned off to avoid signal conflict. like This indicates that the current polarization direction of the jth antenna node matches the received signal and is perfectly aligned, forcing the vertical polarization mode to be maintained, including: keeping the first radiator (3) activated to maintain vertical polarization radiation; the bendable gooseneck (2) can be fine-tuned by ±5° to accurately align with the main direction of the signal; the shortwave electrical length extension automatic switching device (4) and the second radiator (5) remain disconnected to avoid interference.

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