Pop-up type two-stage crumple box

Abstract

The pop-up type two-stage crumple box comprises a front baffle, a first-stage crumple box, a limiting and locking mechanism, a second-stage crumple box, a device for pushing the first-stage crumple box to pop up and a tail baffle. During collision, the two stages of crumple boxes are compressed, the crumple length is almost multiplied, meanwhile, high-pressure gas in the inner cavity of each crumple box is also compressed to absorb energy together, compared with an existing energy absorption box, the energy absorption capacity is greatly improved, collision is smoother, damage to a driver, passengers and a vehicle body is greatly reduced, meanwhile, the length of the vehicle body does not need to be increased, and cost is reduced. And the original vehicle body design is hardly influenced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of collision safety, and particularly relates to automobile collision safety and elevator fall safety. Background Art

[0002] With the improvement of road conditions and the development of the automobile industry in my country, there are more and more cars on the road, the driving speed is gradually increasing, traffic accidents occur frequently, and the losses caused are huge.

[0003] The main function of a car energy absorption box is to absorb the impact energy when the car collides, thereby reducing the damage to the driver and passengers inside the car and the vehicle.

[0004] Currently, the commonly used automobile energy absorption boxes are mainly single-stage structures. Due to the length and space limitations of the car, the crumple energy absorption distance is not long enough, the collision acceleration is large, the energy absorption is not sufficient, and the protection for the driver, passengers and vehicle is insufficient.

[0005] Although the patent with authorization announcement number CN115257609B adopts a pop-up structure to increase the collapse length, its structure is complex and occupies a lot of the already limited space, which cannot maximize the collapse length. In addition, its structure cannot be sealed and cannot compress the high-pressure gas generated by the explosion to absorb energy. Its collapse energy absorption effect still has a lot of room for improvement; the structure is not very stable, and it is prone to falling off, rusting, getting stuck and not being able to pop out, and not being able to lock after popping out during long-term movement and vibration of the car, and in environments with high dust and mud. It is also difficult to maintain.

[0006] Currently, the last guarantee for elevator fall safety is to install springs on the four corners of the bottom of the elevator, or to install springs on its sides to achieve the purpose of cushioning collisions. If springs are installed at the bottom, their compression stroke is short and the energy absorption is insufficient. If springs are installed on the sides, they take up a larger space. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The pop-up two-stage crush box of the present invention almost doubles the crush stroke without increasing the length of the car. After being installed at the bottom of the elevator, it only requires slightly increasing the depth of the elevator shaft to achieve the crush energy absorption of the two-stage cylinder wall. At the same time, the high-pressure gas that pushes the first-stage crush box to pop out is also compressed to absorb energy together, making the collision smoother and the energy absorption more sufficient, thereby providing better protection for the driver and passengers, as well as the people in the vehicle or elevator and the elevator itself.

[0008] Taking automobile collision safety as an example, the technical solution provided by the present invention is: Pop-up two-stage crush box, including: A first-stage crush box composed of a first-stage crush box wall 1 and a front baffle 3, a second-stage crush box composed of a second-stage crush box wall 2 and a tail baffle 4, a rear cover plate 5, a connecting ring 6, a limiting and locking mechanism 11, and an explosive device 10.

[0009] The front fender 3 also serves as a front mounting plate connected to the anti-collision beam, and the tail fender 4 also serves as a rear mounting plate connected to the vehicle body.

[0010] The rear cover plate 5 is mounted at the end of the first-stage crush box wall 1, preferably by welding, to enhance the structural strength of the first-stage crush box and prevent it from cracking due to the strong pressure of the high-pressure gas. A plurality of holes are drilled in the plate, through which the high-pressure gas can pass to fill the first and second-stage crush boxes. Each edge of the front side of the plate is chamfered into a sloped surface to facilitate the smooth passage of the pin 13.

[0011] The explosive device 10, which provides the force for the first-stage crush box to pop out, is installed within the inner cavity of the two-stage crush box, or within the high-pressure tank. A high-pressure gas pipe connects the high-pressure tank and the inner cavity at the end of the second-stage crush box through a one-way valve. The explosive device is installed on the vehicle body near the two-stage crush box. A detonation signal line or wireless detonation device connects to the vehicle control system, or both detonation methods are used to ensure successful detonation. When the vehicle detects an impending collision, the control system detonates the explosive device 10. The high-pressure gas generated by the explosion pushes the first-stage crush box out, which is then compressed and absorbs energy as the two-stage crush box collapses.

[0012] The power for the first-stage crush box to pop out can also be the high-pressure gas in the high-pressure gas tank installed on the vehicle body. The high-pressure gas pipe is connected to the inner cavity at the end of the second-stage crush box and the high-pressure gas tank through a one-way valve and a gas distribution valve. When a collision is about to occur, the vehicle control system opens the corresponding valve, and the high-pressure gas enters the inner cavity of the two-stage crush box, pushing the first-stage crush box to pop out, and is compressed and absorbs energy along with the collapse of the two-stage crush box.

[0013] The device that provides the force for ejecting the first-stage crush box can also be composed of a gas cylinder, a high-pressure gas tank, and a gas distribution valve. The piston rod of the gas cylinder is connected to the first-stage crush box, and the cylinder body is installed on the vehicle body near the two-stage crush box. When a collision is about to occur, the vehicle control system opens the valve corresponding to the gas distribution valve, releasing a predetermined amount of high-pressure gas stored in the high-pressure gas tank installed on the vehicle into the gas cylinder, pushing the piston rod of the gas cylinder forward and causing the first-stage crush box to eject.

[0014] The device providing the ejection force for the first-stage crush box and the limiting and locking mechanism may also be composed of a spring, a solenoid valve, a buckle, and a buckle seat. One end of the spring is connected to the first-stage crush box, and the other end is connected to the second-stage crush box or the vehicle body. The buckle seat is mounted on the vehicle body or the second-stage crush box. The buckle is mounted on the first-stage crush box, and the movable iron core of the solenoid valve is connected to the buckle. Under normal conditions, the spring is restrained within its elastic deformation range by the buckle and the buckle seat, and the main body of the first-stage crush box is confined within the second-stage crush box. When a collision is imminent, the vehicle control system energizes the solenoid valve, causing the movable iron core of the solenoid valve to push the buckle and buckle seat apart, and the spring drives the first-stage crush box to eject.

[0015] The first-stage crush box's cylindrical wall 1 and the second-stage crush box's cylindrical wall 2 are formed with multiple crush grooves 7. A crush box employing crush grooves offers excellent sealing properties, trapping the high-pressure gas that propels the first-stage crush box within the inner chambers of the two-stage crush box. This compresses the high-pressure gas during the crush process, absorbing energy. However, conventional crush boxes employing crush holes cannot seal the high-pressure gas. When a collision occurs, the two-stage crush box's collapse begins at the crush grooves 7, leading to rupture and the release of high-pressure gas. The collapse continues until complete, with the high-pressure gas maintaining its high pressure throughout the release process, constantly absorbing energy.

[0016] In order to allow the high-pressure gas to escape and thus allow the collapse to proceed thoroughly, in addition to rupturing the collapse groove, there are also blind hole solutions and through hole solutions, and the blind hole solution is preferred.

[0017] The specific blind hole solution is as follows: one or more blind holes 15 are drilled and milled on the front baffle 3 or the rear baffle 4 and the wall of the two-stage crush box. The blind holes 15 are not limited to circular and can also be of other shapes. Preferably, they are drilled and milled on the front baffle 3 or the front end of the first-stage crush box wall 1. Such blind holes are far away from the explosive device, that is, far away from the explosion center. By the time the high-pressure gas generated by the explosion reaches the blind hole, the gas pressure has dropped significantly and is insufficient to break through the blind hole. The direction of drilling and milling blind holes is preferably from the inner cavity of the two-stage crush box to the outside. For blind holes in the wall of the first-stage crush box, it is preferably drilled from the outside to the inside due to the difficulty of machining. Figure 3 From this perspective, the blind holes in the front fender 3 are invisible, while the marked blind holes 15 are clearly visible in the rear fender 4. During a collision and the crush process, the high-pressure gas that pushed the first-stage crush can out continues to compress. When the pressure reaches a certain level, the high-pressure gas breaks through the blind holes 5 and escapes. This solution is more stable and reliable than the crush groove rupture method.

[0018] The through-hole solution replaces blind hole 15 with a through-hole, which is then sealed with a rubber plug. During a collision and collapse, the high-pressure gas that pushed the first-stage crush box out continues to compress. When the pressure rises to a certain level, the high-pressure gas squeezes out of the rubber plug and escapes. Compared to the blind-hole solution, the rubber plug will age and harden over time, becoming unstable and requiring regular maintenance and replacement.

[0019] The outer side of the first-stage crush box wall 1 is provided with a plurality of recessed grooves 8 along the ejection direction. The recessed grooves 8 can greatly increase the bending resistance of the first-stage crush box. The recessed grooves 8 also serve as guide grooves, which can guide the first-stage crush box to smoothly eject from the second-stage crush box along the protrusion of the connecting ring 6.

[0020] The inner side of the connecting ring 6 has a protrusion that matches the corresponding recessed groove 8. It is installed at the front end of the second-stage crush box wall 2, preferably by welding, to guide the ejection of the first-stage crush box and block the rear cover plate 5 at the end of the first-stage crush box to prevent it from escaping from the second-stage crush box.

[0021] A pin hole 9 is formed on each side surface or multiple side surfaces of the second-stage crush box wall 2 near the front end.

[0022] The limiting and locking mechanism 11 of the first-stage crush box includes: a cover 12, a pin 13, and a compression spring 14, wherein the cover 12 is mounted on the outer side of the second-stage crush box wall 2 at a position corresponding to the pin hole 9 by welding or bolting.

[0023] The top end of the pin 13 is in an arc shape that matches the collapse groove 7. The multiple pins 13 can stably confine the first-stage collapse box within the second-stage collapse box, and when an explosion occurs, the first-stage collapse box can smoothly pass over the sloped rear cover 5 when it pops out.

[0024] There are protrusions on both sides of the end of the pin 13, and the protrusions extend beyond the pin hole 9, which can ensure that the pin 13 does not pass through the pin hole 9 and fall out of the cover 12 when it pops out.

[0025] The middle part of the end of the pin 13 is provided with a plurality of holes, into which the compression spring 14 is inserted.

[0026] Limiting and locking mechanism: Under normal circumstances, the pin 13 is inserted into the pin hole 9 and presses against the first-stage crush box's crush groove 7, confining the first-stage crush box within the second-stage crush box. High-pressure gas generated by the explosion or the gas within the high-pressure gas storage tank pushes the first-stage crush box, compressing the compression spring 14. The first-stage crush box breaks free from the pin 13 and moves forward. The pin 13 passes over the sloped edge of the rear cover plate 5, and the first-stage crush box advances until it is stopped by the connecting ring 6. At this point, the pin 13 is ejected by the compression spring 14, locking the first-stage crush box and preventing it from retreating.

[0027] When the two-stage crush box of the present invention is used, the installation, connection method and strength of the bumper, center grille, car lights, etc. driven by the anti-collision beam that pops out with the first-stage crush box need to be adjusted accordingly, so that the first-stage crush box can drive the anti-collision beam to pop out smoothly.

[0028] The first-stage crush box wall 1, front baffle 3, and rear cover 5 are made of aluminum alloy and welded together using stir friction welding. Similarly, the second-stage crush box wall 2, rear baffle 4, and connecting ring 6 are also made of aluminum alloy and welded together using stir friction welding, which can improve the welding strength by 30% to 50%.

[0029] The subject of the present invention is: when the automobile perception system detects that a collision is about to occur, the control system activates the explosion device 10, an explosion occurs, and high-pressure gas is generated, or the control system opens the corresponding gas control valve, and the high-pressure gas in the high-pressure gas tank enters the two-stage crush box, pushing the first-stage crush box to pop out, and then the limiting and locking mechanism locks the first-stage crush box. When a collision occurs, the first and second-stage crush boxes collapse at the same time to absorb energy, and the high-pressure gas inside is synchronously compressed to absorb energy. In the late stage of the collapse process, the crush groove ruptures, and / or the blind hole is broken, the high-pressure gas leaks out, and the collapse can continue until it is complete.

[0030] The present invention's pop-up, two-stage crush box is used for elevator fall safety. An explosive device 10 is preferably used to power the first-stage crush box, and the explosive device 10 is located within the two-stage crush box. The pop-up, two-stage crush box can be installed at four corners or two opposite corners of the elevator floor, or a single, large pop-up, two-stage crush box can be installed at the elevator floor. A distance sensor, speed monitoring device, explosion triggering device, and control system are installed at the elevator floor or other suitable locations, and powered by the elevator power supply system.

[0031] To ensure power supply safety, an independent power supply system is installed. Its main body is a rechargeable emergency power supply, which is automatically charged by the elevator power supply system or directly by batteries. This independent power supply system and the elevator power supply system simultaneously provide power to the distance sensor, speed monitoring device, explosion triggering device and its control system to ensure power supply in the event of an elevator falling out of control and an abnormality in the elevator power supply system. When the elevator falls out of control and the speed exceeds the set danger value at a preset distance from the bottom of the elevator shaft, the control system triggers the explosion device, and the high-pressure gas generated by the explosion ejects the first-stage crush box. During the collision with the bottom of the elevator shaft, the two-stage crush box collapses together to absorb energy. At the same time, the high-pressure gas in the inner cavity of the two-stage crush box is also compressed and participates in the energy absorption.

[0032] Compared with the commonly used spring shock-absorbing device at the bottom of the elevator, the pop-up two-stage crush box device of the present invention has a larger energy absorption stroke. At the same time, the high-pressure gas is compressed to absorb energy, making the collision smoother and providing better protection for the people in the elevator and the elevator.

[0033] The present invention is used for elevator fall safety. A spring plus electromagnet solution can be used to eject the two-stage crush box. The device providing the ejection force for the first-stage crush box and the limiting and locking mechanism can also be composed of a spring, a solenoid valve, a buckle, a buckle seat, a control system, and the like. One end of the spring is connected to the first-stage crush box, and the other end is connected to the elevator body. The buckle seat is mounted on the elevator body, and the buckle is mounted on the first-stage crush box. The moving iron core of the solenoid valve is connected to the buckle. When a collision is about to occur, the control system energizes the solenoid valve, the moving iron core pushes the buckle out of the buckle seat, and the spring drives the first-stage crush box to eject. During the collision, the two-stage crush box collapses together to absorb energy. Similarly, the control system and electromagnet are powered by the elevator's power supply system and a separate independent internal power supply system. Using this solution, the elevator has a larger energy absorption range, significantly reducing the impact energy experienced by occupants.

[0034] Beneficial effects of the present invention: During a collision, the first and second stage crush boxes of the pop-up two-stage crush box crush simultaneously to absorb energy. The crushing stroke is almost doubled compared to the current single-stage crush box, which greatly improves the energy absorption capacity. At the same time, the high-pressure gas that pushes the first-stage crush box to pop out is compressed to absorb energy, making the collision smoother and greatly reducing the damage to the occupants and bodies of both vehicles.

[0035] The present invention can achieve the goal of not increasing the vehicle body length while greatly increasing the collapsed length, and thus has almost no impact on the design and manufacture of the original vehicle.

[0036] The overall structure of the present invention has good airtightness, and the high-pressure gas generated by the explosion is compressed to effectively absorb energy. Dust, mud, and sand are also difficult to enter the two-stage crush box, which is less likely to cause jamming and failure to eject, or failure to lock after ejection, and is easy to maintain. The invention with authorization publication number CN115257609B is not airtight, cannot compress gas to absorb energy, and is also easily infiltrated by dust, mud, and sand, resulting in rust, jamming, and other problems.

[0037] The present invention has a simple structure, fully utilizes limited space, maximizes the collapse length of the two-stage crush box, has high stability, and is low in cost, which is conducive to rapid promotion and benefits the public. It is also significantly superior to the invention of authorization publication number CN115257609B.

[0038] The present invention is simultaneously installed at the front and rear of the vehicle body, which can protect the safety of the driver and passengers and the vehicle to a greater extent, and can also greatly reduce the damage to the other party. If both vehicles in the collision adopt the present invention, the safety will be greatly improved again.

[0039] In terms of the safety of the elevator losing control and falling into the shaft, the pop-up two-stage collapse box of the present invention has a larger energy absorption stroke than installing springs on the four corners of the bottom of the elevator; and occupies less space than installing springs on its side. As the last line of safety, it can provide better protection for the people in the elevator. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the first-stage crush box of the pop-up two-stage crush box of the present invention before it pops up.

[0041] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the pop-up two-stage crush box of the present invention after the first-stage crush box is popped out.

[0042] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the pop-up two-stage crush box of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 4 The present invention provides a schematic diagram of the overall structure (11) of the limiting and locking mechanism of the pop-up two-stage collapse box and schematic diagrams of its exploded structure (12, 13, 14).

[0044] In the figure: 1-first stage crush box wall, 2-second stage crush box wall, 3-front baffle, 4-tail baffle, 5-rear cover, 6-connecting ring, 7-crush groove, 8-recessed groove, 9-pin hole, 10-explosive device, 11-limiting and locking mechanism, 12-cover, 13-pin, 14-compression spring, 15-blind hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, mainly for front protection in the field of automobile collision safety: The pop-up two-stage crush box of the present invention comprises a first-stage crush box consisting of a first-stage crush box wall 1 and a front fender 3; a second-stage crush box consisting of a second-stage crush box wall 2 and a rear fender 4; a position-limiting and locking mechanism; and a device for providing a force for the first-stage crush box to pop out. The front fender 3 also serves as a front mounting plate for connecting to the anti-collision beam, while the rear fender 4 also serves as a rear mounting plate for connecting to the vehicle body. Under normal conditions, the main body of the first-stage crush box is confined within the second-stage crush box. After the first-stage crush box is ejected from the second-stage crush box, its crush length is nearly doubled, significantly improving its energy absorption capacity compared to existing energy absorption boxes. This significantly reduces damage to vehicle occupants and the vehicle body without increasing vehicle length or affecting the original vehicle design.

[0046] The rear cover plate 5 is mounted at the end of the first-stage crush box wall 1, preferably by welding, to enhance the structural strength of the first-stage crush box and prevent it from cracking due to the strong pressure of the high-pressure gas. The plate is drilled with multiple holes, through which the high-pressure gas can instantly fill the two-stage crush box. Each edge of its front side is chamfered into a sloped surface to facilitate the smooth passage of the pin 13.

[0047] The pop-up two-stage crush box of the present invention preferably uses an explosive device 10 as the power source for the first-stage crush box's ejection. This device is connected to the vehicle control system via a detonation signal line or wireless detonation device, or both detonation methods are used to ensure successful detonation. The explosive device 10 is mounted on the front side of the first-stage crush box's rear cover 5, ensuring a greater length for the first-stage crush box's cylindrical wall. When the vehicle monitoring system detects an impending collision, the control system detonates the explosive device 10. The high-pressure gas generated by the explosion flows through the holes in the rear cover 5, instantly filling the interiors of the first and second-stage crush boxes, ejecting the first-stage crush box. During a collision, the first and second-stage crush boxes are compressed to absorb energy. Simultaneously, the high-pressure gas within the two-stage crush box cavities is compressed, absorbing energy as well, enhancing the overall energy absorption effect and making the collision more gradual. During an explosion, the pressure at the center of the explosion is extremely high. The structural strength of the two-stage crush boxes closest to the explosion must be able to withstand the high pressure at the moment of the explosion while also meeting the energy absorption requirements of the collapse. This places relatively high demands on manufacturing.

[0048] The explosive device 10 is installed within a high-pressure tank, connected to the inner cavity at the end of the second-stage crush box via a one-way valve and a high-pressure gas pipe, and mounted on the vehicle body near the exterior of the two-stage crush box. This similarly ensures that the wall of the first-stage crush box has the maximum length. Although the high-pressure gas generated by the explosive device's detonation instantly fills the inner cavity of the two-stage crush box, its entry into the two-stage crush box through the high-pressure gas pipe and the one-way valve is a gradual process. After the high-pressure gas ejects the first-stage crush box, it continues to enter the two-stage crush box. Its pressure remains lower than the pressure at the explosion center during the explosion, resulting in a relatively smaller impact on the two-stage crush box. This also increases the controllable range of the structural strength of the two-stage crush box and facilitates manufacturing.

[0049] The power for the first-stage crush box to pop out can also be the high-pressure gas in the high-pressure gas tank installed on the vehicle body. The high-pressure gas pipe is connected to the inner cavity at the end of the second-stage crush box and the high-pressure gas tank through a one-way valve and a gas distribution valve. When a collision is about to occur, the vehicle control system opens the corresponding valve, and the high-pressure gas enters the inner cavity of the two-stage crush box through the one-way valve, pushing the first-stage crush box to pop out, and is compressed and absorbs energy along with the collapse of the two-stage crush box.

[0050] A pneumatic cylinder can also be used to power the first-stage crush box. The complete system consists of a pneumatic cylinder, a high-pressure gas tank mounted on the vehicle body, and a gas distribution valve. Specifically, the pneumatic cylinder is mounted adjacent to the two-stage crush box, with the top of its piston connected to the first-stage crush box. A high-pressure gas pipe connects the pneumatic cylinder and the high-pressure gas tank mounted on the vehicle body through a gas distribution valve. When a collision is imminent, the vehicle control system opens the corresponding gas distribution valve, releasing a certain amount of high-pressure gas into the cylinder, causing the piston to pop out and drive the first-stage crush box to pop out. In this way, the crush groove 7 of the two-stage crush box can also be a commonly used crush hole. Since the high-pressure gas does not enter the inner cavity of the two-stage crush box, the high-pressure gas inside the two-stage crush box is not compressed to absorb energy, which reduces the overall effect.

[0051] The spring-pushing method uses a spring to eject the first-stage crush box. The main components include a spring, a latch, a latch holder, and a solenoid valve. One end of the spring is connected to the first-stage crush box, and the other end is connected to the vehicle body or the second-stage crush box. The spring can be a compression spring or a tension spring. By adding a fixed pulley, the tension spring can function as a compression spring. The latch holder is mounted on the vehicle body, and the latch is attached to the front top of the first-stage crush box. The movable iron core of the solenoid valve is connected to the latch, and the solenoid valve is connected to the vehicle control system. For example, under normal conditions, the latch is engaged with the latch holder, compressing the compression spring to a certain degree, confining the main body of the first-stage crush box within the second-stage crush box. When a collision is imminent, the vehicle control system activates the movable iron core of the electromagnet to push the latch, freeing it from the latch holder. The spring then ejects the first-stage crush box. Using an external mounting method allows for more space for the first-stage crush box than if the spring were built into both stages, maximizing its length. In this way, the crush groove 7 of the two-stage crush box can be a crush hole used in a common crush box. Without the high-pressure gas in the two-stage crush box being compressed to absorb energy, the overall energy absorption effect is reduced to a certain extent.

[0052] The first-stage crush box's cylindrical wall 1 and the second-stage crush box's cylindrical wall 2 are formed with multiple crush grooves 7, perpendicular to the direction in which the first-stage crush box is ejected. A crush box employing crush grooves provides excellent airtightness, sealing the high-pressure gas that propels the first-stage crush box within the inner cavity of the two-stage crush box. This compresses the high-pressure gas during the collapse process, absorbing energy. However, conventional crush boxes employing crush holes cannot seal the high-pressure gas. When a collision occurs, the collapse of the two-stage crush box begins at the crush grooves 7, leading to rupture and the release of high-pressure gas. The collapse continues until complete, and the high-pressure gas remains at a high pressure throughout the release process, continuously absorbing energy.

[0053] In order to allow the high-pressure gas to escape and thus allow the collapse to proceed thoroughly, in addition to rupturing the collapse groove, there are also blind hole solutions and through hole solutions, and the blind hole solution is preferred.

[0054] The specific blind hole solution is as follows: one or more blind holes 15 are drilled and milled on the front baffle 3, the rear baffle 4, or the wall of the two-stage crush box. The blind holes 15 are not limited to circular and can also be of other shapes. Preferably, the blind holes 15 are drilled and milled on the front baffle 3 or the front end of the first-stage crush box wall 1. This way, the blind holes are far away from the explosion device, that is, the explosion center. By the time the high-pressure gas generated by the explosion reaches the blind holes, the gas pressure has dropped significantly and is insufficient to break through the blind holes. The direction of drilling and milling blind holes is preferably from the inner cavity of the two-stage crush box to the outside. However, for blind holes drilled on the wall of the first-stage crush box, it is preferably drilled from the outside to the inside due to the difficulty of machining. Figure 3 From this perspective, the blind holes in the front fender 3 are invisible, while they are visible in the rear fender 4. During a collision and the crush process, the high-pressure gas that pushed the first-stage crush box out continues to compress. When the pressure reaches a certain level, the high-pressure gas breaks through the blind holes 5 and escapes. This solution is more stable and reliable than the crush groove rupture method. Furthermore, the crush groove 7 does not need to be considered during manufacturing, allowing for a wider tolerance on the wall thickness, making it easier to manufacture.

[0055] The through-hole solution converts blind hole 15 into a through-hole and then seals it with a rubber plug. During a collision and collapse, the high-pressure gas that pushed the first-stage crush box out continues to compress. When the pressure rises to a certain level, the high-pressure gas squeezes out the rubber plug and escapes. Rubber plugs can age and harden over time, becoming unstable and requiring regular inspection and replacement.

[0056] A plurality of recessed grooves 8 are formed on the outer side of the first-stage crush box wall 1 along the ejection direction, corresponding to the protrusions of the connecting ring 6. They can serve as guide grooves when the first-stage crush box is ejected and can greatly increase its anti-bending ability.

[0057] A pin hole 9 is dug on each side surface or occasionally on several sides of the second-stage crush box tube wall 2 near the front end. The cross-section of the tube wall of the pop-up two-stage crush box of the present invention is not limited to a quadrilateral. For example, a regular hexagon can preferably have three pin holes dug, evenly distributed on the six sides.

[0058] A connecting ring 6 is welded to the front end of the second-stage crush box wall 2. The inner side of the connecting ring 6 has multiple protrusions, which correspond to the recessed grooves 8, guiding the first-stage crush box to pop out smoothly and blocking the rear cover plate 5 at the end of the first-stage crush box.

[0059] like Figure 4 As shown, the limiting and locking mechanism 11 of the first-stage crush box includes a housing 12, a pin 13, and a compression spring 14. The pin 13 has an arc-shaped top that matches the crush groove 7, a plurality of holes at its end for receiving the compression spring 14, and protrusions on both sides of the end, which extend beyond the pin hole 9.

[0060] The limiting and locking mechanism 11 of the first-stage crush box is installed at a position corresponding to the pin hole 9 on the outer side of the second-stage crush box wall 2, preferably by welding.

[0061] Under normal conditions, the pin 13 is pressed against the first-stage crush box's crush groove 7 through the pin hole 9 by the compression spring 14, confining the main body of the first-stage crush box within the second-stage crush box. Taking the detonation of the explosive device 10 as an example, the high-pressure gas pushes the first-stage crush box out of the restraint of the pin 13. Due to the arc-shaped top end of the pin 13, it follows the slope of the first-stage crush box's rear cover 5. The rear cover 5 on the first-stage crush box is blocked by the protrusion of the connecting ring 6. At this point, the pin 13, under the action of the compression spring 14, springs inward, locking the first-stage crush box. The distal end of the pin 13, due to its protruding portion extending beyond the pin hole 9, is blocked outside the pin hole 9 and prevents it from escaping the housing 12. The first-stage crush box of the present invention incorporates multiple limiting and locking mechanisms 11, ensuring stability and reliability. Even during high-speed vehicle movement and severe vibration, the first-stage crush box can be securely restrained.

[0062] With the pop-up two-stage crush box of the present invention, the installation, connection method and strength of the bumper, center grille, car lights, etc. driven by the anti-collision beam that pops out with the first-stage crush box need to be adjusted accordingly, so that the first-stage crush box can drive the anti-collision beam to pop out smoothly.

[0063] The pop-up two-stage crush box of the present invention can be used for safety protection of the rear end of the vehicle at the same time. The front fender 3 is connected to the rear anti-collision beam, and the tail fender 4 is connected to the vehicle body, which can greatly reduce the damage caused by rear-end collision and also greatly reduce the damage to the following vehicle.

[0064] The present invention's pop-up, two-stage crush box is used for elevator fall safety. An explosive device 10 is preferably used to power the first-stage crush box, and the explosive device 10 is located within the two-stage crush box. The pop-up, two-stage crush box can be installed at four corners or two opposite corners of the elevator floor, or a single, large pop-up, two-stage crush box can be installed at the elevator floor. A distance sensor, speed monitoring device, explosion triggering device, and control system are installed at the elevator floor or other suitable locations, and powered by the elevator power supply system.

[0065] To ensure power supply safety, an independent power supply system is installed. Its main body is a rechargeable emergency power supply, which is automatically charged by the elevator power supply system or directly by batteries. This independent power supply system and the elevator power supply system simultaneously provide power to the distance sensor, speed monitoring device, explosion triggering device and its control system to ensure power supply in the event of an elevator falling out of control and an abnormality in the elevator power supply system. When the elevator falls out of control and the speed exceeds the set danger value at a preset distance from the bottom of the elevator shaft, the control system triggers the explosion device, and the high-pressure gas generated by the explosion ejects the first-stage crush box. During the collision with the bottom of the elevator shaft, the two-stage crush box collapses together to absorb energy. At the same time, the high-pressure gas in the inner cavity of the two-stage crush box is also compressed and participates in the energy absorption.

[0066] Compared with the commonly used spring shock-absorbing device at the bottom of the elevator, the pop-up two-stage crush box device of the present invention has a larger energy absorption stroke. At the same time, the high-pressure gas is compressed to absorb energy, making the collision smoother and providing better protection for the people in the elevator and the elevator.

[0067] This invention is used for elevator fall safety. The two-stage crush box ejection can also utilize a spring plus electromagnet solution. The device providing the ejection force for the first-stage crush box and the limiting and locking mechanism can also be composed of a spring, a solenoid valve, a buckle, a buckle holder, and a control system. One end of the spring is connected to the first-stage crush box, and the other end is connected to the second-stage crush box or the elevator body. The buckle holder is mounted on the elevator body or the second-stage crush box. The buckle is mounted on the first-stage crush box, and the moving iron core of the solenoid valve is connected to the buckle. When a collision is imminent, the control system energizes the solenoid valve, pushing the buckle out of the buckle holder. The spring then drives the first-stage crush box to eject. During the collision, both crush boxes collapse together to absorb energy. The solenoid valve and control system are powered by the same elevator power supply system described above and an additional independent power supply system, which also supplies power simultaneously. This solution provides an elevator with a greater energy absorption range, significantly reducing the impact energy experienced by occupants.

[0068] The first-stage crush box wall 1, front baffle 3, and rear cover 5 are made of aluminum alloy and welded together using friction stir welding. Similarly, the second-stage crush box wall 2, rear baffle 4, and connecting ring 6 are also made of aluminum alloy and welded together using friction stir welding. Friction stir welding involves melting and stirring two contacting surfaces through high temperatures caused by friction, which can increase weld strength by 30% to 50% compared to conventional welding.

Claims

1. A pop-up two-stage crush box, comprising a first-stage crush box consisting of a first-stage crush box wall (1) and a front baffle (3), a second-stage crush box consisting of a second-stage crush box wall (2) and a rear baffle (4), a position limiting and locking mechanism, and a device for providing a force for the first-stage crush box to pop out, wherein the front baffle (3) and the rear baffle (4) can simultaneously serve as mounting plates, and is characterized in that: Under normal conditions, the main body of the first-stage crush box is located inside the second-stage crush box. When a collision is about to occur, the first-stage crush box pops out from the second-stage crush box. During a collision, both stages of the crush box collapse to absorb energy.

2. The pop-up two-stage crush box according to claim 1, wherein the device for providing the ejection power of the first-stage crush box is an explosive device (10), which is installed in the inner cavity of the two-stage crush box; or is installed in a high-pressure tank, and a high-pressure gas pipe is used to connect the high-pressure tank and the inner cavity of the end of the second-stage crush box through a one-way valve, and is installed on the vehicle body near the outside of the two-stage crush box, and is connected to the vehicle control system by a detonation signal line and / or a wireless detonation device, characterized in that: When the vehicle detects that a collision is about to occur, the control system detonates the explosion device (10), and the high-pressure gas generated by the explosion pushes the first-stage crush box to pop out, and is compressed along with the collapse of the two-stage crush box to absorb energy.

3. The pop-up two-stage crush can according to claim 1, wherein the device providing the ejection force for the first-stage crush can comprises a high-pressure gas tank, a gas distribution valve, a one-way valve, etc. mounted on the vehicle body, and a high-pressure gas pipe connects the inner cavity at the end of the second-stage crush can to the high-pressure gas tank through the gas distribution valve and the one-way valve. The invention is characterized in that: When a collision is about to occur, the vehicle control system opens the valve corresponding to the gas distribution valve, and the high-pressure gas stored in the high-pressure gas tank enters the inner cavity of the two-stage crush box through the high-pressure gas pipe and the one-way valve, pushing the first-stage crush box to pop out, and is compressed and absorbs energy as the two-stage crush box collapses.

4. The pop-up two-stage crush can according to claim 1, wherein the device for providing the ejection force for the first-stage crush can comprises a cylinder, a high-pressure gas tank mounted on the vehicle body, a gas distribution valve, etc., wherein the piston rod of the cylinder is connected to the first-stage crush can, and the cylinder body is mounted on the vehicle body near the two-stage crush can. The invention is characterized in that: When a collision is about to occur, the vehicle control system opens the valve corresponding to the gas distribution valve, releasing a certain amount of high-pressure gas stored in the high-pressure gas tank installed on the vehicle body into the cylinder, pushing the piston rod of the cylinder forward and causing the first-stage collapse box to pop out.

5. The pop-up two-stage crush box according to claim 1, wherein the limiting and locking mechanism and the device for providing the ejection force for the first-stage crush box are composed of a spring, a solenoid valve, a buckle, and a buckle seat, etc., wherein one end of the spring is connected to the first-stage crush box, and the other end is connected to the second-stage crush box or the vehicle body, the buckle seat is mounted on the vehicle body or the second-stage crush box, the buckle is mounted on the first-stage crush box, and the movable iron core of the solenoid valve is connected to the buckle, characterized in that: In a normal state, the spring is restricted by the buckle and the buckle seat within the elastic deformation range, and the first-stage crush box body is restricted in the second-stage crush box together; When a collision is about to occur, the vehicle control system energizes the solenoid valve, the movable iron core of the solenoid valve pushes the buckle and the buckle seat apart, and the spring drives the first-stage crush box to pop out.

6. The pop-up two-stage crush box according to claim 1, wherein the first-stage crush box wall (1) and the second-stage crush box wall (2) are provided with a plurality of crush grooves (7), characterized in that: The two-stage crush box using the crush groove (7) can form a closed inner cavity before and after the first-stage crush box pops out, thereby sealing the high-pressure gas therein; When a collision occurs, the collapse of the two-stage collapse box starts from the collapse groove (7), and then rupture occurs, and high-pressure gas is released, and the collapse continues until it is complete.

7. The pop-up two-stage crush box according to claim 1, wherein the front baffle (3) and / or the rear baffle (4) and the wall of the two-stage crush box are drilled with one or more blind holes (15) that are not transparent, or the blind holes (15) are directly drilled into transparent holes and sealed with rubber plugs, etc., characterized in that: When a collision occurs and the pressure in the first-stage collapse box is pushed out, the high-pressure gas is continuously compressed. When the pressure rises to a certain level, the high-pressure gas bursts the blind hole (15) or squeezes out the rubber plug that blocks the through hole and escapes. The collapse of the two-stage collapse box is then completed completely.

8. The pop-up two-stage crush box according to claim 1, wherein the outer side of the first-stage crush box wall (1) is provided with a plurality of recessed grooves (8) along the pop-up direction, and a rear cover plate (5) is installed at the rear end thereof, wherein the rear cover plate (5) has a plurality of holes, and each chamfer of the front side surface is a sloped surface; the second-stage crush box wall (2) is provided with a plurality of pin holes (9) near the front end, and a connecting ring (6) is installed at the front end, and the connecting ring (6) has a plurality of protrusions that match and correspond to the recessed grooves (8); the limiting and locking mechanism (11) of the two-stage crush box comprises: A cover (12), a pin (13), and a compression spring (14), wherein the top of the pin (13) is in an arc shape that matches the collapse groove (7), has protrusions on both sides of the end, and has a plurality of holes in the middle of the end, into which the compression spring (14) is installed. The invention is characterized in that: under normal conditions, the pin (13) is inserted into the pin hole (9) and pressed against the collapse groove (7) of the first-stage collapse box, so that the first-stage collapse box is confined within the second-stage collapse box. When a collision is about to occur, the high pressure generated by the explosion The gas or the high-pressure gas coming from the high-pressure gas storage tank instantly fills the cavity in the two-stage collapse box through the hole of the rear cover (5), the first-stage collapse box pops out along the protrusion of the connecting ring (6) along the recessed groove (8), the pin (13) passes over along the slope of the rear cover (5), the protrusion of the connecting ring (6) blocks the rear cover (5), and the pin (13) pops out inward under the action of the compression spring (14), locking the first-stage collapse box.

9. According to the pop-up two-stage crush box of claim 1, the first-stage crush box wall (1), the front baffle (3) and the rear cover (5) are made of aluminum alloy and are welded together by stir friction welding. Similarly, the second-stage crush box wall (2), the rear baffle (4) and the connecting ring (6) are made of aluminum alloy and are welded together by stir friction welding.

Images