Linear braking system for small motor vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of small motor vehicle braking, and discloses a linear braking system for a small motor vehicle, which comprises a mechanical braking main cylinder assembly, a foot feeling simulator assembly and a hydraulic unit assembly, and the hydraulic unit assembly comprises a hydraulic control unit HCU, a motor and a linear braking controller assembly. The linear braking system can integrate multiple functions of linear braking, ESC, ABS, TCS and the like, the braking time of a vehicle is shortened, and the execution efficiency, reliability and stability of the braking system are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of small motor vehicle braking, in particular to a linear braking system for small motor vehicles. Background Art

[0002] The existing braking systems on small motor vehicles, such as motorcycles, beach buggies, all-terrain vehicles, and elderly vehicles, can only achieve basic braking functions. It is easy for the braking strength to be weakened when the front wheel (front axle) or rear wheel (rear axle) brakes fail, or the handbrake and foot brake do not work together well, causing the vehicle to slip and roll over, causing injury to the driver.

[0003] Even though many high-end small motor vehicles are now equipped with ABS, vehicles with both handbrakes and footbrakes require combined braking for ABS to function properly. If one of the handbrake or footbrake fails, ABS will not function, affecting the vehicle's driving safety on complex roads.

[0004] Nowadays, there are many different types of vehicles. Considering their different uses and convenience, there are more and more small vehicles on the road, such as motorcycles and elderly vehicles, which has led to increasingly complex traffic conditions on urban roads. In addition, there are also some off-road enthusiasts who use motorcycles, ATVs, and all-terrain vehicles. They often drive their vehicles on very complex roads. Therefore, to protect the safety of drivers and pedestrians, small motor vehicles actually need a more efficient, reliable, and stable braking system to ensure the safety of drivers. The linear braking system of the present invention, when used in small motor vehicles, can meet these requirements of efficient braking, dual redundancy, and stability and reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a linear braking system for a small motor vehicle. The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: A linear braking system for a small motor vehicle includes a mechanical brake master cylinder assembly, a foot feel simulator assembly, and a hydraulic unit assembly. The mechanical brake master cylinder assembly includes a mechanical master cylinder and a handbrake displacement sensor, which is placed in the mechanical master cylinder; the hydraulic unit assembly includes a hydraulic control unit HCU, a motor, and a linear brake controller assembly; the mechanical master cylinder and the hydraulic control unit HCU are connected by a hose, and the foot feel simulator assembly is connected to the motor and the linear brake controller assembly by a wiring harness.

[0006] Furthermore, the hydraulic control unit HCU includes a hand-feel mechanical simulator, a plunger assembly, a CSV valve, a PSV valve, an IV valve, an OV valve, a mechanical master cylinder pressure sensor and a plunger cylinder pressure sensor, and an SSV solenoid valve. The mechanical master cylinder pressure sensor is connected to the oil inlet of the hydraulic control unit HCU through an internal oil channel. At the same time, the internal pipeline of the hydraulic control unit HCU connects the oil inlet port of the CSV valve and the oil inlet port of the SSV solenoid valve. The oil outlet port of the SSV solenoid valve is connected to the pressure chamber of the hand-feel mechanical simulator, the normal pressure chamber of the hand-feel mechanical simulator is connected to the oil tank, the oil outlet port of the CSV valve is connected to the oil inlet port of the IV valve, the motor and linear brake controller assembly is mechanically connected to the plunger assembly through gears, the plunger cylinder pressure sensor is connected to the oil outlet port of the plunger assembly, the oil inlet port of the PSV valve is connected to the oil outlet port of the plunger assembly, and the oil outlet port of the PSV valve is respectively connected to the oil outlet port of the CSV valve and the oil inlet port of the IV valve.

[0007] Furthermore, the number of tires of a small motor vehicle equipped with a linear braking system is 2 to 4.

[0008] Furthermore, the number of IV valves and OV valves is the same as the number of tires of a small motor vehicle equipped with the linear brake system.

[0009] Compared with the existing technology, the present invention improves the efficiency, reliability and stability of the braking system: (1) It integrates the brake module and ABS module of current small motor vehicles, is smaller in size, and also adds ESC, TCS and other functions; (2) Dual redundant backup of mechanical and electric brakes; (3) Active braking can also be achieved when the driver is wearing a seat belt. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a linear braking system for a small motor vehicle according to the present invention; Among them: foot brake displacement sensor 1, foot brake mechanical simulator 2, mechanical master cylinder 3, SSV solenoid valve 4, mechanical master cylinder pressure sensor 5, CSV valve 6, plunger assembly 7, plunger cylinder pressure sensor 8, pressure regulating first solenoid valve 9, pressure regulating second solenoid valve 10, pressure regulating third solenoid valve 11, PSV valve 12, pressure regulating fourth solenoid valve 13, motor and linear brake controller assembly 14, pressure regulating fifth solenoid valve 15, pressure regulating sixth solenoid valve 16, pressure regulating seventh solenoid valve 17, pressure regulating eighth solenoid valve 18, hand feel mechanical simulator 19, hand brake displacement sensor 20, A-hydraulic unit assembly, B-mechanical brake master cylinder assembly, C-foot feel simulator assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0011] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0012] The linear braking system for small motor vehicles of the present invention comprises three parts: a mechanical brake master cylinder assembly, a foot feeling simulator assembly, and a hydraulic unit assembly. Taking a four-wheel beach vehicle as an example, Figure 1 As shown, the mechanical brake master cylinder assembly includes a mechanical master cylinder 3 and a handbrake displacement sensor 20. The handbrake displacement sensor 20 is built into the mechanical master cylinder 3 and sends a displacement signal as the master cylinder piston moves; the foot feel simulator assembly includes a foot brake mechanical simulator 2 and a foot brake displacement sensor 1; the hydraulic unit assembly includes a hand feel mechanical simulator 19, a motor and linear brake controller assembly 14, a plunger assembly 7, a CSV valve 6, a PSV valve 12, a mechanical master cylinder pressure sensor 5, a plunger cylinder pressure sensor 8, and a pressure regulating solenoid valve: four IV valves 11 / 13 / 15 / 17 and four OV valves 9 / 10 / 16 / 18 (the number can be determined according to whether the vehicle model is two-wheeled / three-wheeled / four-wheeled. Two-wheeled vehicles use two IV valves and two OV valves, three-wheeled vehicles use three IV valves and three OV valves, and four-wheeled beach vehicles use four IV valves and four OV valves).

[0013] All components of the hydraulic unit assembly are installed on a valve body, and the parts are connected by pipes inside the valve body. Figure 1 The mechanical brake master cylinder assembly is connected to the valve body and linear brake controller through oil pipes and wiring harnesses respectively, and the foot feel simulator assembly is connected to the linear brake controller through wiring harnesses.

[0014] The oil outlet of the mechanical brake master cylinder assembly is connected to the oil inlet of the hydraulic unit assembly through a hose; the mechanical master cylinder pressure sensor 5 is connected to the oil inlet of the hydraulic unit through an internal oil channel to detect the master cylinder pressure. At the same time, the internal pipeline of the oil inlet connects the oil inlet port of the CSV valve 6 and the oil inlet port of the SSV solenoid valve 4. The oil outlet port of the SSV solenoid valve 4 is connected to the pressure chamber of the hand-feeling mechanical simulator 19, the normal pressure chamber of the hand-feeling mechanical simulator 19 is connected to the oil tank, and the oil outlet port of the CSV valve 6 is connected to the oil inlet port of the IV valve 11 / 13 / 15 / 17.

[0015] The motor and linear brake controller assembly 14 is mechanically connected to the plunger assembly 7 through gears, converting the motor's rotational motion into linear motion of the power-boosting cylinder. As a result, the brake fluid in the power-boosting cylinder is converted from normal pressure to high pressure. The plunger cylinder pressure sensor 8 is connected to the oil outlet port of the power-boosting cylinder to detect the oil pressure of the plunger assembly 7. The oil inlet port of the PSV valve 12 is connected to the oil outlet port of the plunger assembly 7. The oil outlet port of the PSV valve 12 is connected to the oil outlet port of the CSV valve 6 and the oil inlet port of the IV valve 11 / 13 / 15 / 17. The oil outlet ports of the IV valves 11 / 13 / 15 / 17 are connected to the oil outlet ports FL / FR / RL / RR, respectively. The oil outlet ports FL / FR / RL / RR are connected to the wheel cylinders of the left front wheel / right front wheel / left rear wheel / right rear wheel of the vehicle through external hoses to transmit high-pressure brake fluid to achieve braking. The oil inlet ports of OV valves 10 / 9 / 16 / 18 are connected to the oil outlet ports FL / FR / RL / RR respectively, and the oil outlet ports of OV valves 10 / 9 / 16 / 18 are connected to the oil tank.

[0016] The driver either depresses the foot feel simulator assembly or the mechanical brake master cylinder assembly. In one operating condition, the driver only depresses the mechanical brake master cylinder assembly or the foot feel simulator assembly. In the other, the driver depresses both the mechanical brake master cylinder assembly and the foot feel simulator assembly. In the first operating condition, the actuated displacement sensor sends a displacement signal to the linear brake controller. In the second operating condition, the linear brake controller logically determines the order of the two displacement sensor signals and determines whichever displacement signal is received first.

[0017] When the linear brake controller receives the displacement signal, it will control the CSV valve 6 to be energized and closed, and the SSV solenoid valve to be energized and opened. At this time, the oil in the master cylinder enters the hand-feel mechanical simulator 19. At the same time, the controller will control the PSV valve 12 to be energized and opened, and the motor will start to move to push the plunger assembly 7 to generate high-pressure oil. The high-pressure oil passes through the IV valves 11 / 13 / 15 / 17 and enters the wheel cylinder to realize the braking function.

[0018] When the wheel cylinder pressure reaches the locking point, IV valves 11 / 13 / 15 / 17 are closed and OV valves 9 / 10 / 16 / 18 are opened to reduce pressure and realize the ABS function.

[0019] When the vehicle turns and encounters a slippery road, the gyroscope and wheel speed sensor will detect the vehicle body status and wheel speed information, and will brake each wheel by opening and closing the solenoid valve to adjust the vehicle body status.

[0020] When the vehicle starts on an uphill road with ice and snow, the system will detect the slip rate of the power wheels, and then control the torque of the power wheels by controlling the electromagnetic opening and closing to keep the slip rate to a minimum, thereby improving the vehicle's climbing ability on icy and snowy road slopes.

[0021] If the vehicle is equipped with a distance measuring sensor, the present invention can cooperate with the distance measuring sensor to perform active braking. The specific working principle is that when the distance between the distance measuring sensor and the vehicle in front is too close, the signal is fed back to the linear brake controller, and the linear brake controller controls the motor to perform active braking.

Claims

1. A linear braking system for a small motor vehicle, characterized in that: The linear braking system for small motor vehicles includes a mechanical brake master cylinder assembly, a foot feel simulator assembly, and a hydraulic unit assembly. The mechanical brake master cylinder assembly includes a mechanical master cylinder and a handbrake displacement sensor, and the handbrake displacement sensor is placed in the mechanical master cylinder; the hydraulic unit assembly includes a hydraulic control unit HCU, a motor and a linear brake controller assembly; the mechanical master cylinder and the hydraulic control unit HCU are connected by a hose, and the foot feel simulator assembly is connected to the motor and linear brake controller assembly by a wiring harness.

2. The linear braking system for a small motor vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic control unit HCU includes a hand-feel mechanical simulator, a plunger assembly, a CSV valve, a PSV valve, an IV valve, an OV valve, a mechanical master cylinder pressure sensor and a plunger cylinder pressure sensor, and an SSV solenoid valve. The mechanical master cylinder pressure sensor is connected to the oil inlet of the hydraulic control unit HCU through an internal oil channel. At the same time, the internal pipeline of the hydraulic control unit HCU connects the oil inlet port of the CSV valve and the oil inlet port of the SSV solenoid valve. The oil outlet port of the SSV solenoid valve is connected to the pressure chamber of the hand-feel mechanical simulator, the normal pressure chamber of the hand-feel mechanical simulator is connected to the oil tank, the oil outlet port of the CSV valve is connected to the oil inlet port of the IV valve, the motor and linear brake controller assembly is mechanically connected to the plunger assembly through gears, the plunger cylinder pressure sensor is connected to the oil outlet port of the plunger assembly, the oil inlet port of the PSV valve is connected to the oil outlet port of the plunger assembly, and the oil outlet port of the PSV valve is respectively connected to the oil outlet port of the CSV valve and the oil inlet port of the IV valve.

3. The linear braking system for a small motor vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The number of tires of a small motor vehicle equipped with a linear braking system is 2 to 4.

4. The linear braking system for a small motor vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that: The number of the IV valves and the OV valves is the same as the number of tires of a small motor vehicle equipped with a linear brake system.

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