Drilling-free self-water-supplementing ecological restoration method based on geological structure resource utilization

Abstract

According to the drilling-free-self-water-supplementing ecological restoration method based on geological structure resource utilization, a new concept of resource utilization of geological structures (such as cracks) is created, a flexible self-adaptive intelligent ecological anchor rod is directly embedded by utilizing the geological structures such as natural cracks of rocks, the drilling operation of a traditional drilling machine is omitted, the construction cost is greatly reduced, and the construction period is shortened. Meanwhile, real-time monitoring of water in the fractures, self-collection and self-collection of water resources in the fractures and outward self-replenishment can be achieved; a double-layer protection net is combined with a layered spray-seeding technology, so that a self-water-supplementing structure in a crack, a three-dimensional multi-climate self-adaptive water collection structure outside a slope and a slope surface vegetation layer can be tightly coupled, and stable water can be continuously provided in a water shortage environment; and meanwhile, the injected material has high bonding strength and a microbial mineralization function, so that the pulling resistance of the anchor rod and a rock mass interface is enhanced in time, calcium-magnesium cementing substances can be formed and deposited, self-healing reinforcement is realized, and the overall stability, durability and ecological restoration effect of the slope are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the fields of slope ecological restoration and geotechnical engineering, and more specifically to a drilling-free and self-watering ecological restoration method based on resource utilization of geological structures. Background Art

[0002] Netting and spraying is a novel ecological measure for preventing and controlling instability (collapses) on steep rock slopes. It stems from environmental awareness, the development of green materials, and new technologies. This technology integrates multiple disciplines, including engineering mechanics, geology, and botany, to form a comprehensive ecological slope protection process. The process primarily includes slope cleaning, drainage, netting, anchoring, seeding the substrate, seeding the vegetation, and maintenance. Netting and anchoring are critical processes for ensuring slope safety and substrate stability, but also represent the most costly. Currently, netting is typically made of galvanized wire mesh (approximately 2mm in diameter), with a market price of approximately 20-30 yuan per square meter. Anchoring is typically made of rebar (main anchor rod approximately 1.8cm in diameter and 1m in length; secondary anchor rod approximately 1.0cm in diameter and 0.5m in length). Anchor holes are pre-drilled, typically 3.0cm in diameter, with anchor spacing typically 1m x 1m. The market price for anchoring is approximately 100 yuan per square meter. Improving durability is also a primary goal of ecologically-based geological disaster prevention and control. Durability here refers to periods of hundreds or even thousands of years. However, the materials currently used for mesh and anchor rods are all steel, which typically only lasts for decades in outdoor environments characterized by uneven dryness, wetness, coldness, and heat. Furthermore, steep rock slopes suffer from a lack of water, and the high cost of long-term manual maintenance leads to a common failure in slope ecological restoration: "Green for one year, yellow for two, and back to square one for three."

[0003] Therefore, it is urgent to develop low-cost, ecological, environmentally friendly and durable slope ecological restoration vegetation layer (substrate) protection technology and low-cost long-term water supply technology on the slope surface. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a drilling-free and self-replenishing water ecological restoration method based on the resource utilization of geological structures. The drilling-free and self-replenishing water ecological restoration method based on the resource utilization of geological structures of the present invention has created a new concept of resource utilization of geological structures (such as cracks). Flexible adaptive intelligent ecological anchor rods are directly embedded in geological structures such as natural cracks in rocks, eliminating the need for traditional drilling operations, greatly reducing construction costs, equipment investment and construction period, and at the same time, it can realize real-time monitoring of water inside the cracks and self-collection and self-supply of water resources inside the cracks; double-layer protective net structure The combined layered spraying technology can tightly couple the self-replenishing water structure in the cracks, the three-dimensional multi-climate adaptive water collection structure outside the slope and the vegetation layer on the slope, continuously providing stable moisture for seed germination and root growth in a water-scarce environment; at the same time, the injected enzyme-induced magnesium-based cementitious material has both high bonding strength and microbial mineralization function, which not only instantly enhances the pull-out resistance of the interface between the anchor rod and the rock mass, but also can transport the raw materials of the microbial mineralization of the water collection structure outside the slope to the rock mass interface through the double-layer internal protective net, forming a long-term calcium-magnesium cementing material deposition, realizing self-healing reinforcement, and significantly improving the overall stability, durability and ecological restoration effect of the slope.

[0005] The specific technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a drilling-free and self-watering ecological restoration method based on geological structure resource utilization, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step A: Using a three-dimensional laser scanning device to obtain slope crack information, identify and count the cracks in which the flexible adaptive intelligent ecological anchor rods are embedded, wherein the cracks include large cracks and small cracks according to different sizes, and the flexible adaptive intelligent ecological anchor rods include a main anchor rod and a secondary anchor rod, wherein the main anchor rod is embedded in the large crack and the secondary anchor rod is embedded in the small crack;

[0007] Step B, preparing the flexible self-adaptive intelligent ecological anchor, wherein the flexible self-adaptive intelligent ecological anchor is composed of at least an eight-shaped spring sheet, a basalt fiber rope, a cotton rope, a distributed optical fiber, a bamboo sheet, and an inflatable rubber tube, and has the functions of continuous and real-time monitoring of linear moisture content, self-conducting water, and anti-pullout;

[0008] Step C: After cleaning the cracks with an electric reciprocating saw and widening them to a set opening, the main anchor rod and the secondary anchor rod are respectively embedded into the large crack and the small crack;

[0009] Step D: injecting water, a water-retaining agent-enzyme-induced magnesium-based gelling composite material, and an atmospheric water-collecting material-enzyme-induced magnesium-based gelling material into the fissures through an inflatable rubber tube in the bamboo piece, thereby forming a water source collection structure within the fissures, an eight-shaped spring sheet-gelling material mechanical anchoring structure, a gelling material friction anchoring structure, and a fissure water vapor collection structure;

[0010] Step E: Setting a double-layer protective net on the slope surface, the double-layer protective net comprising a cotton rope water supply net and a basalt fiber net. The cotton rope water supply net is set in the low-lying inner layer close to the rock wall, and the basalt fiber net is set in the higher outer layer of the rock mass. The cotton ropes of the primary and secondary anchor rods are connected to the cotton rope water supply net, and the basalt fiber sheet ropes of the primary and secondary anchor rods are connected to the basalt fiber net.

[0011] Step F, spraying imported soil of different strengths in layers, wherein the imported soil includes a high-strength thin inner layer and a low-strength vegetation outer layer;

[0012] Step G: a three-dimensional multi-climate adaptive water collection pipe is set up along the drainage ditch from the top of the slope to the foot of the slope. The upper part of the water collection pipe is built with atmospheric water collection material (a three-dimensional water collection structure. When there is no water on the slope in dry weather, the atmospheric water collection material absorbs moisture in the air. When there is water on the slope, the water from the slope runoff is collected). The lower part of the water collection pipe is built with calcium source material and urease bacteria urea material. A cotton rope is placed at the bottom of the water collection pipe, and the cotton rope is connected to the cotton rope water supply network.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the flexible adaptive intelligent ecological anchor includes the following preparation method:

[0014] Step B1: Prepare an eight-shaped spring piece and open two rectangular grooves on both sides of the top of the spring piece;

[0015] Step B2: Wrapping a cotton rope on the surface of the basalt fiber sheet rope, with a distributed optical fiber arranged in the middle of the cotton rope, and fixing the cotton rope with a gelling agent, thereby preparing a fiber rope assembly with real-time moisture content measurement and cotton rope thread roughening effect;

[0016] Step B3, symmetrically passing the fiber rope groups through the two rectangular slots on both sides of the top of the figure eight spring piece, and the number of the fiber rope groups is matched according to the width of the long side of the rectangular slot;

[0017] Step B4: preparing a long bamboo strip, placing an inflatable rubber tube close to the middle of the bamboo strip, and fixing both ends of the inflatable rubber tube with a gelling agent;

[0018] Step B5: Place the bamboo piece in the middle of the figure-eight spring piece and tighten the fiber rope group to fix the bamboo piece to the figure-eight spring piece by tightening.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the main anchor rod is prepared with dimensions of 1100-1500 mm in length, 10-30 mm in width, and 6-14 mm in thickness; the secondary anchor rod is prepared with dimensions of 600-1000 mm in length, 10-30 mm in width, and 3-7 mm in thickness.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the depth of the large crack is not less than 0.5m, and the opening is not less than 1cm; the depth of the small crack is not less than 0.3m, and the opening is not less than 0.5cm.

[0021] As preferred embodiment of the present invention, step D comprises the following method:

[0022] Step D1: inject 1-3 times the volume of water into the crack to ensure that the crack wall is in a moist state;

[0023] Step D2, injecting 1-3 times the volume of the water-retaining agent-enzyme-induced magnesium-based gelling composite material of the figure-eight spring piece to ensure that the rock pore water can be effectively collected at the top of the anchor rod;

[0024] Step D3: injecting the atmospheric water-collecting material (enzyme-induced magnesium-based cementitious material) to promote the condensation of water vapor in the crack air to the anchor rod cement body. After each injection of a certain amount of material slurry, the bamboo piece and the inflatable rubber tube are pulled outward by 5-10 cm until the bamboo piece and the inflatable rubber tube are pulled out of the crack;

[0025] Step D4: Fill the unfilled areas in the cracks with slurry and cure at 10-40°C for 48 hours.

[0026] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ratio of various materials of the water-retaining agent-enzyme-induced magnesium-based gelling composite material is 50-90 parts of water-retaining agent, 5-30 parts of urea solution, 5-30 parts of active magnesium oxide, 1-10 parts of gelatinous Bacillus powder, and the volume ratio of sword bean powder extract to urea solution is 1:1-5:1; the ratio of various materials of the atmospheric water collection material-enzyme-induced magnesium-based gelling material is 30-60 parts of atmospheric water collection material, 5-30 parts of urea solution, 5-30 parts of active magnesium oxide, 5-30 parts of rock sand, 1-10 parts of gelatinous Bacillus powder, and the volume ratio of sword bean powder extract to urea solution is 1:1-5:1.

[0027] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a distributed optical fiber is arranged between the cotton rope water supply network and the basalt fiber network, and the grid spacing between the cotton rope water supply network and the basalt fiber network is 10-30 cm.

[0028] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ratio of each material of the high-strength thin layer is 50-80 parts of guest soil, 5-30 parts of urea solution, 5-30 parts of active magnesium oxide, 1-10 parts of Bacillus subtilis powder, and the volume ratio of sword bean powder extract to urea solution is 1:1-5:1, and the layer thickness of the high-strength thin layer is 1.0-5.0 cm; the ratio of each material of the low-strength vegetation layer is 85-95 parts of guest soil, 5-15 parts of urea solution, 5-15 parts of active magnesium oxide, 1-5 parts of Bacillus subtilis powder, and the volume ratio of sword bean powder extract to urea solution is 1:1-5:1, and the layer thickness of the low-strength vegetation layer is 5.0-20.0 cm.

[0029] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the water collecting pipes are provided in multiple rows and each row has two water collecting pipes arranged in parallel, and the calcium source material and the urease bacteria urea material are respectively built into the two parallel water collecting pipes.

[0030] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the atmospheric water collection material includes a light-responsive hygroscopic hydrogel; the calcium source material includes limestone blocks, lime mixtures, potassium-solubilizing bacteria, and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (accelerating the dissociation of calcium sources); the urease bacteria urea material includes urease-containing bacteria, organic in-situ soil, and a urea mixture, and the urea concentration is 0.1-1.0 mol / L.

[0031] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0032] The drilling-free and self-replenishing water ecological restoration method based on the resource utilization of geological structures of the present invention directly embeds flexible and adaptive intelligent ecological anchor rods in the natural cracks of rocks, eliminating the need for traditional drilling operations, greatly reducing construction costs, equipment investment and construction period; the double-layer protective net combined with layered spraying technology can tightly couple the self-replenishing water structure in the cracks with the slope vegetation layer, continuously providing stable water for seed germination and root growth in a water-scarce environment; at the same time, the injected microenzyme-induced magnesium-based cementitious material has both high bonding strength and microbial mineralization function, which not only instantly enhances the pull-out resistance of the interface between the anchor rod and the rock mass, but also forms calcium-magnesium cementitious material deposition under long-term action, realizing self-healing reinforcement, and significantly improving the overall stability, durability and ecological restoration effect of the slope. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the flexible, self-adaptive, intelligent ecological anchor rod of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the fiber rope group of the present invention;

[0035] In the figure, 1-figure eight spring sheet, 11-rectangular groove, 2-fiber rope group, 21-basalt fiber rope, 22-cotton rope, 23-distributed optical fiber, 3-bamboo sheet, 4-inflatable rubber tube. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The present invention will be further described below through specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] The drilling-free and self-replenishing water ecological restoration method based on the resource utilization of geological structures includes the following steps:

[0038] Step A: Using a three-dimensional laser scanning device to obtain slope crack information, identify and count the cracks in which the flexible adaptive intelligent ecological anchor rods are embedded. The cracks include large cracks and small cracks according to their sizes. The flexible adaptive intelligent ecological anchor rods include main anchor rods and secondary anchor rods. The main anchor rods are embedded in large cracks, and the secondary anchor rods are embedded in small cracks.

[0039] Step B: preparing a flexible, self-adaptive, intelligent ecological anchor rod, which is composed of at least an eight-shaped spring sheet 1, a basalt fiber rope 21, a cotton rope 22, a heated distributed optical fiber 23, a bamboo sheet 3, and an inflatable rubber tube 4, and has the functions of continuous and real-time monitoring of linear moisture content, self-conducting water, and anti-pullout;

[0040] Step C: After cleaning the cracks with an electric reciprocating saw and widening them to a set opening, the main anchor rod and the secondary anchor rod are respectively embedded into the large crack and the small crack;

[0041] Step D: injecting water, a water-retaining agent-enzyme-induced magnesium-based gelling composite material, and an atmospheric water-collecting material-enzyme-induced magnesium-based gelling material into the fissure through the inflatable rubber tube 4 in the bamboo piece 3 to form a water source collection structure in the fissure, an eight-shaped spring sheet-gelling material mechanical anchoring structure, a gelling material friction anchoring structure, and a fissure water vapor collection structure;

[0042] Step E: Setting a double-layer protective net on the slope surface. The double-layer protective net includes a cotton rope water supply net and a basalt fiber net. The cotton rope water supply net is set in the low-lying inner layer close to the rock wall, and the basalt fiber net is set in the higher outer layer of the rock mass. The cotton ropes 22 of the main anchor rods and the secondary anchor rods are connected to the cotton rope water supply net, and the basalt fiber sheet ropes 21 of the main anchor rods and the secondary anchor rods are connected to the basalt fiber net.

[0043] Step F, spraying imported soil of different strengths in layers, wherein the imported soil includes a high-strength thin inner layer and a low-strength vegetation outer layer;

[0044] Step G: Set up a three-dimensional multi-climate adaptive water collection pipe along the drainage ditch from the top to the foot of the slope. The upper part of the water collection pipe is built with atmospheric water collection material (three-dimensional water collection structure. When there is no water on the slope in dry weather, the atmospheric water collection material absorbs moisture in the air. When there is water on the slope, the water from the slope runoff is collected). The lower part of the water collection pipe is built with calcium source material and urease bacteria urea material. Cotton rope is placed at the bottom of the water collection pipe, and the cotton rope is connected to the cotton rope water supply network.

[0045] The present invention utilizes the natural cracks of the rock to directly embed flexible, adaptive, intelligent ecological anchor rods in a drilling-free manner, eliminating the need for traditional drilling rigs and greatly reducing construction costs, equipment investment, and construction period. The double-layer protective net combined with layered spraying technology can tightly couple the self-replenishing structure in the cracks with the vegetation layer on the slope, continuously providing stable moisture for seed germination and root growth in a water-scarce environment. At the same time, the injected microenzyme-induced magnesium-based cementitious material has both high bonding strength and microbial mineralization functions, which not only instantly enhances the pull-out resistance of the interface between the anchor rod and the rock mass, but also forms calcium-magnesium cementitious material deposition under long-term action, achieving self-healing reinforcement and significantly improving the overall stability, durability, and ecological restoration effect of the slope.

[0046] As an embodiment, the flexible adaptive intelligent ecological anchor includes the following preparation method:

[0047] Step B1: Prepare an eight-shaped spring piece 1, and open two rectangular grooves 11 on both sides of the top of the spring piece;

[0048] Step B2: Wrapping a cotton rope 22 on the surface of the basalt fiber sheet rope 21, with a heating filament distributed optical fiber 23 arranged in the middle of the cotton rope 22, and fixing the cotton rope 22 with a gelling agent, thereby preparing a fiber rope assembly 2 with real-time moisture content measurement and a roughened thread effect of the cotton rope 22;

[0049] Step B3: Pass the fiber rope groups 2 symmetrically through the two rectangular slots 11 on both sides of the top of the figure-eight spring piece 1. The number of fiber rope groups 2 should be matched according to the width of the long side of the rectangular slots 11.

[0050] Step B4: prepare a long bamboo piece 3, place an inflatable rubber tube 4 close to the middle of the bamboo piece 3, and fix both ends of the inflatable rubber tube 4 with a gelling agent;

[0051] Step B5: Place the bamboo piece 3 in the middle of the figure-eight spring piece 1 and tighten the fiber rope group 2 to fix the bamboo piece 3 to the figure-eight spring piece 1 by tightening.

[0052] The flexible, adaptive, intelligent ecological anchor prepared by the present invention integrates an eight-shaped spring sheet 1, a basalt fiber sheet rope 21, a cotton rope 22, and a distributed optical fiber 23. The spring sheet can automatically clamp the rough surface of the crack through its own elasticity to achieve efficient pull-out fixation; the basalt fiber strip is lighter and easier to carry than traditional steel bars, and the cost is only one-tenth of that of steel bars, but it has higher tensile strength and weather resistance; the threaded winding design of the cotton rope 22 and the heated optical fiber not only increases the friction coefficient with the rock surface and improves the mechanical mounting capacity, but also can monitor the moisture content and temperature in real time, assisting in engineering monitoring and subsequent maintenance management, and realizing the integration of "construction-monitoring-maintenance".

[0053] As one embodiment, the main anchor rod is prepared with dimensions of 1100-1500 mm in length, 10-30 mm in width, and 6-14 mm in thickness; the secondary anchor rod is prepared with dimensions of 600-1000 mm in length, 10-30 mm in width, and 3-7 mm in thickness.

[0054] According to the mechanical characteristics and hydrological conditions of different cracks, the main anchor rods and secondary anchor rods are designed with different sizes, one large and one small, to ensure that the maximum pull-out effect can be achieved after the depth and opening are matched, and unnecessary material waste is reduced; standardized sizes facilitate mass production and rapid on-site assembly, enhancing construction efficiency; at the same time, the strategy of layered and zoned reinforcement is realized through size differences, so that different depths and micro-crack zones of the slope can be properly supported and replenished with water.

[0055] As one embodiment, the depth of the large crack is not less than 0.5m, and the opening is not less than 1cm; the depth of the small crack is not less than 0.3m, and the opening is not less than 0.5cm.

[0056] Standardized definitions of large and small cracks can quickly screen out the most suitable crack embedding areas during the early scanning and data analysis stages, reducing blind construction; ensuring that the anchor rods obtain optimal fixing force and self-replenishing water capacity within sufficient space, allowing subsequent grouting and monitoring systems to operate in the optimal environment; in addition, this judgment standard also provides clear quantitative indicators for quality acceptance and maintenance evaluation.

[0057] As an embodiment, step D includes the following method:

[0058] Step D1: inject 1-3 times the volume of water into the crack to ensure that the crack wall is in a moist state;

[0059] Step D2: injecting a water-retaining agent-enzyme-induced magnesium-based gelling composite material with a volume 1-3 times that of the figure-eight spring piece to ensure that the rock pore water can be effectively collected at the top of the anchor rod;

[0060] Step D3: Injecting atmospheric water-collecting material—enzyme-induced magnesium-based cementitious material—to promote condensation of water vapor in the crack air onto the anchor rod cement. After each injection of a certain amount of material slurry, the bamboo piece 3 and the inflatable rubber tube are pulled outward by 5-10 cm until they are pulled out of the crack.

[0061] Step D4: Fill the unfilled areas in the cracks with slurry and cure at 10-40°C for 48 hours.

[0062] The step-by-step grouting process first injects water to moisten the cracks, then injects a highly absorbent water-retaining agent-biomagnesium oxide composite material, and finally supplements with biomineralized slurry. Through pull-type grouting and multiple fillings, a dense and microbially rich water-retaining layer can be formed inside the cracks; this water-retaining layer can not only release accumulated water during the dry season, but also cooperate with the pipeline system to steadily transport water to the seeding layer, ensuring that vegetation does not wilt due to drought during the critical growth period; after injection, the cementitious and mineralized materials form an interface eutectic structure with the rock mass, further enhancing the overall mechanical strength of the anchor-rock combination.

[0063] As one embodiment, the ratio of various materials of the water-retaining agent-enzyme-induced magnesium-based gelling composite material is 50-90 parts of water-retaining agent, 5-30 parts of urea solution, 5-30 parts of active magnesium oxide, 1-10 parts of gelatinous Bacillus powder, and the volume ratio of sword bean powder extract to urea solution is 1:1-5:1; the ratio of various materials of the atmospheric water collection material-enzyme-induced magnesium-based gelling material is 30-60 parts of atmospheric water collection material, 5-30 parts of urea solution, 5-30 parts of active magnesium oxide, 5-30 parts of rock sand, 1-10 parts of gelatinous Bacillus powder, and the volume ratio of sword bean powder extract to urea solution is 1:1-5:1.

[0064] The precise volume ratio of water-retaining agent, urea solution, active magnesium oxide, Bacillus subtilis powder and sword bean powder extract to urea solution ensures that the composite grouting material has good rheological properties and can be smoothly injected into fine cracks without clogging; the highly absorbent resin and sword bean powder extract in the material work together to form a soft water-retaining body in the short term after injection, and in the long term, the water-retaining body is converted into a hard cementing body through the mineralization reaction catalyzed by microbial activity, realizing a controllable "soft-hard" conversion, taking into account both short-term water supply and long-term reinforcement needs.

[0065] As an embodiment, a heating distributed optical fiber 23 is arranged between the cotton rope water supply network and the basalt fiber network, and the grid spacing between the cotton rope water supply network and the basalt fiber network is 10-30 cm.

[0066] Each layer of the upper and lower double-layer grid is equipped with 23 heated distributed optical fibers, which can collect and transmit temperature, humidity, and moisture content data at different heights in real time, providing refined monitoring. The 10-30 cm grid spacing takes into account both water transmission efficiency and mechanical bearing capacity. The upper basalt fiber mesh is responsible for the main mounting and shear resistance functions, while the lower cotton rope mesh 22 efficiently transports water through capillary action, providing a uniform water supply to the imported soil layer and plant roots. The structure exhibits excellent anti-scouring and freeze-thaw resistance in extreme climates such as severe cold and heavy rain.

[0067] As one embodiment, the ratio of each material of the high-strength thin layer is 50-80 parts of guest soil, 5-30 parts of urea solution, 5-30 parts of active magnesium oxide, 1-10 parts of Bacillus subtilis powder, the volume ratio of sword bean powder extract to urea solution is 1:1-5:1, and the thickness of the high-strength thin layer is 1.0-5.0 cm; the ratio of each material of the low-strength vegetation layer is 85-95 parts of guest soil, 5-15 parts of urea solution, 5-15 parts of active magnesium oxide, 1-5 parts of Bacillus subtilis powder, the volume ratio of sword bean powder extract to urea solution is 1:1-5:1, and the thickness of the low-strength vegetation layer is 5.0-20.0 cm.

[0068] The combination of layered spraying of high-strength thin layers and low-strength vegetation layers ensures that the interface between the imported soil and the rock wall has a tensile strength of more than 500 kPa at the initial stage, which can withstand strong winds, heavy rains and human disturbances; the lower low-strength vegetation layer is rich in organic matter and biomineralization products, providing an excellent growth matrix and water and fertilizer environment for plant seeds, significantly shortening the vegetation formation period; at the same time, the layered process reduces material consumption, realizing an economical and sustainable slope protection solution that takes into account "high strength + ecology".

[0069] As one embodiment, the water collecting pipes are provided in multiple rows and each row has two water collecting pipes arranged in parallel. The calcium source material and the sword bean powder extract bacterial urea material are respectively built into the two parallel water collecting pipes.

[0070] The multi-row parallel double-tube water collection system can store and release calcium sources and sword bean powder extract and bacterial urea in different areas in one go. With rainfall or artificial water replenishment, the water volume in the pipe is automatically replenished; the cotton rope 22 at the bottom uses capillary phenomenon to transport different chemical substances to the designated slope area on demand, accurately stimulating the local bacterial community to carry out calcium carbonate mineralization and cementation; this "physical + chemical + biological" composite reinforcement method can maintain long-term interface strengthening in both rainy and dry seasons, avoiding the strength decline problem after conventional one-time grouting.

[0071] As one embodiment, the atmospheric water collection material includes a light-responsive hygroscopic hydrogel material; the calcium source material includes limestone blocks, lime mixtures, potassium-solubilizing bacteria, and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (to accelerate the dissociation of calcium sources); the urease bacteria urea material includes urease-containing bacteria, organic in-situ soil, and a urea mixture, and the urea concentration is 0.1-1.0 mol / L.

[0072] The calcium source material (limestone blocks, lime mixture) continuously releases calcium ions, and works together with the sword bean powder extract and bacteria urea material to induce the formation of calcium-magnesium cementing substances such as calcite, forming a hard cementing layer at the interface; this process is slow microbial mineralization, which can continue to operate for many years and is transmitted to the entire slope surface through the cotton rope 22 and the grid system, achieving uniform reinforcement at different parts of the slope; compared with traditional one-time chemical grouting, the present invention has higher environmental protection, material utilization rate and self-repair ability, and significantly extends the service life of the entire ecological slope protection system.

[0073] The embodiments described above are merely descriptions of preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the concept and scope of the present invention. Any modifications and improvements to the technical solution of the present invention made by a person of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the design concept of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. The technical content for which protection is sought in the present invention is fully set forth in the claims.

Claims

1. A drilling-free and self-replenishing water ecological restoration method based on geological structure resource utilization, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step A: Using a three-dimensional laser scanning device to obtain slope crack information, identify and count the cracks in which the flexible adaptive intelligent ecological anchor rods are embedded, wherein the cracks include large cracks and small cracks according to different sizes, and the flexible adaptive intelligent ecological anchor rods include a main anchor rod and a secondary anchor rod, wherein the main anchor rod is embedded in the large crack and the secondary anchor rod is embedded in the small crack; Step B, preparing the flexible self-adaptive intelligent ecological anchor, wherein the flexible self-adaptive intelligent ecological anchor is composed of at least an eight-shaped spring sheet, a basalt fiber rope, a cotton rope, a distributed optical fiber, a bamboo sheet, and an inflatable rubber tube, and has the functions of continuous and real-time monitoring of linear moisture content, self-conducting water, and anti-pullout; Step C: After cleaning the cracks with an electric reciprocating saw and widening them to a set opening, the main anchor rod and the secondary anchor rod are respectively embedded into the large crack and the small crack; Step D: injecting water, a water-retaining agent-enzyme-induced magnesium-based gelling composite material, and an atmospheric water-collecting material-enzyme-induced magnesium-based gelling material into the fissures through an inflatable rubber tube in the bamboo piece, thereby forming a water source collection structure within the fissures, an eight-shaped spring sheet-gelling material mechanical anchoring structure, a gelling material friction anchoring structure, and a fissure water vapor collection structure; Step E: Setting a double-layer protective net on the slope surface, the double-layer protective net comprising a cotton rope water supply net and a basalt fiber net. The cotton rope water supply net is set in the low-lying inner layer close to the rock wall, and the basalt fiber net is set in the higher outer layer of the rock mass. The cotton ropes of the primary and secondary anchor rods are connected to the cotton rope water supply net, and the basalt fiber sheet ropes of the primary and secondary anchor rods are connected to the basalt fiber net. Step F, spraying imported soil of different strengths in layers, wherein the imported soil includes a high-strength thin inner layer and a low-strength vegetation outer layer; Step G: a three-dimensional multi-climate adaptive water collection pipe is set up along the drainage ditch from the top of the slope to the foot of the slope. The upper part of the water collection pipe is built with atmospheric water collection material (a three-dimensional water collection structure. When there is no water on the slope in dry weather, the atmospheric water collection material absorbs moisture in the air. When there is water on the slope, the water from the slope runoff is collected). The lower part of the water collection pipe is built with calcium source material and urease bacteria urea material. A cotton rope is placed at the bottom of the water collection pipe, and the cotton rope is connected to the cotton rope water supply network.

2. The drilling-free and self-replenishing water ecological restoration method based on geological structure resource utilization according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The flexible adaptive intelligent ecological anchor includes the following preparation method: Step B1: Prepare an eight-shaped spring piece and open two rectangular grooves on both sides of the top of the spring piece; Step B2: Wrapping a cotton rope on the surface of the basalt fiber sheet rope, with a distributed optical fiber arranged in the middle of the cotton rope, and fixing the cotton rope with a gelling agent, thereby preparing a fiber rope assembly with real-time moisture content measurement and cotton rope thread roughening effect; Step B3, symmetrically passing the fiber rope groups through the two rectangular slots on both sides of the top of the figure eight spring piece, with the number of the fiber rope groups matching the width of the long side of the rectangular slot; Step B4: preparing a long bamboo strip, placing an inflatable rubber tube close to the middle of the bamboo strip, and fixing both ends of the inflatable rubber tube with a gelling agent; Step B5: Place the bamboo piece in the middle of the figure-eight spring piece and tighten the fiber rope group to fix the bamboo piece to the figure-eight spring piece by tightening.

3. The drilling-free and self-replenishing water ecological restoration method based on geological structure resource utilization according to claim 2 is characterized by: The main anchor rod is prepared with dimensions of 1100-1500 mm in length, 10-30 mm in width, and 6-14 mm in thickness; the secondary anchor rod is prepared with dimensions of 600-1000 mm in length, 10-30 mm in width, and 3-7 mm in thickness.

4. The drilling-free and self-replenishing water ecological restoration method based on geological structure resource utilization according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The depth of the large crack is not less than 0.5m, and the opening is not less than 1cm; the depth of the small crack is not less than 0.3m, and the opening is not less than 0.5cm.

5. The drilling-free and self-replenishing water ecological restoration method based on geological structure resource utilization according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Step D includes the following methods: Step D1: inject 1-3 times the volume of water into the crack to ensure that the crack wall is in a moist state; Step D2: injecting the water-retaining agent-enzyme-induced magnesium-based gelling composite material in an amount 1-3 times the volume of the figure-eight spring piece to ensure that the rock pore water can be effectively collected at the top of the anchor rod; Step D3: injecting the atmospheric water-collecting material (enzyme-induced magnesium-based cementitious material) to promote the condensation of water vapor in the crack air to the anchor rod cement body. After each injection of a certain amount of material slurry, the bamboo piece and the inflatable rubber tube are pulled outward by 5-10 cm until the bamboo piece and the inflatable rubber tube are pulled out of the crack; Step D4: Fill the unfilled areas in the cracks with slurry and cure at 10-40°C for 48 hours.

6. The drilling-free and self-replenishing water ecological restoration method based on geological structure resource utilization according to claim 5 is characterized by: The ratio of various materials in the water-retaining agent-enzyme-induced magnesium-based gelling composite material is 50-90 parts of water-retaining agent, 5-30 parts of urea solution, 5-30 parts of active magnesium oxide, 1-10 parts of mucilaginous Bacillus subtilis powder, and the volume ratio of sword bean powder leaching solution to urea solution is 1:1-5:1; the ratio of various materials in the atmospheric water collection material-enzyme-induced magnesium-based gelling material is 30-60 parts of atmospheric water collection material, 5-30 parts of urea solution, 5-30 parts of active magnesium oxide, 5-30 parts of rock sand, 1-10 parts of mucilaginous Bacillus subtilis powder, and the volume ratio of sword bean powder leaching solution to urea solution is 1:1-5:

1.

7. The drilling-free and self-replenishing water ecological restoration method based on geological structure resource utilization according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A distributed optical fiber is arranged between the cotton rope water supply network and the basalt fiber network. The grid spacing between the cotton rope water supply network and the basalt fiber network is 10-30 cm.

8. The drilling-free and self-replenishing water ecological restoration method based on geological structure resource utilization according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The material ratios of the high-strength thin layer are 50-80 parts of guest soil, 5-30 parts of urea solution, 5-30 parts of active magnesium oxide, 1-10 parts of Bacillus subtilis powder, and the volume ratio of sword bean powder extract to urea solution is 1:1-5:

1. The thickness of the high-strength thin layer is 1.0-5.0 cm; the material ratios of the low-strength vegetation layer are 85-95 parts of guest soil, 5-15 parts of urea solution, 5-15 parts of active magnesium oxide, 1-5 parts of Bacillus subtilis powder, and the volume ratio of sword bean powder extract to urea solution is 1:1-5:

1. The thickness of the low-strength vegetation layer is 5.0-20.0 cm.

9. The drilling-free and self-replenishing water ecological restoration method based on geological structure resource utilization according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The water collecting pipes are provided in multiple rows and each row has two water collecting pipes arranged in parallel. The calcium source material and the urease bacteria urea material are respectively built into the two water collecting pipes arranged in parallel.

10. The drilling-free and self-replenishing water ecological restoration method based on geological structure resource utilization according to claim 9 is characterized in that: The atmospheric water collection material includes a light-responsive hygroscopic hydrogel; the calcium source material includes limestone blocks, a lime mixture, potassium-solubilizing bacteria, and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (which accelerate the dissociation of the calcium source); the urease bacteria urea material includes urease-containing bacteria, an organic in-situ soil, and a urea mixture, and the urea concentration is 0.1-1.0 mol / L.

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