Heat pipe type window guardrail for waste heat recovery of industrial factory building and use method

Abstract

The invention discloses a heat pipe type window guardrail for industrial factory building waste heat recovery and a using method, the heat pipe type window guardrail comprises a guardrail frame and further comprises a heat pipe, and the heat pipe is further connected with a water tank; the heat pipe comprises a condensation section, a heat insulation section and an evaporation section which are sequentially communicated, the evaporation section is installed on the protective fence frame, the condensation section extends into the water tank, and the heat insulation section is located between the water tank and the protective fence frame. According to the heat pipe type window guardrail for waste heat recovery of the industrial factory building, the heat pipe serves as a main body structure of the window guardrail, and passive recovery and heat dissipation of waste heat in the factory building are achieved through phase change and natural circulation of a working medium. According to the system, the problem that a traditional window protective fence is single in function is solved, collaborative design of a heat conduction unit and a building safety protection component can be achieved, and large-scale application in an industrial factory building can be achieved. And through the unpowered design, the energy consumption and the system complexity are reduced, and remarkable economic benefits and environmental benefits are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of heat exchangers, and in particular to a heat pipe type window guardrail for recovering waste heat from industrial plants and a method of using the same. Background Art

[0002] In energy-intensive industries like metallurgy and chemical engineering, high-temperature exhaust gases exceeding 80°C are continuously generated during production processes in factories, often discharged directly through building windows or vents. This extensive exhaust pattern leads to a dual problem: on the one hand, a large amount of low-grade waste heat carried by the exhaust gases is not recovered, resulting in energy waste; on the other hand, the high-temperature gases enter the atmosphere directly, triggering a localized heat island effect. While current mainstream waste heat recovery equipment, such as shell-and-tube heat exchangers and heat wheels, can partially recover heat, they have significant drawbacks. Independently installed heat exchange systems require structural modifications to the factory building and rely on forced convection from centrifugal fans, resulting in high operational and maintenance costs. Furthermore, traditional guardrails serve only as safety features and are not integrated with heat recovery functions, leaving the thermal management potential of the building envelope untapped. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop an innovative solution that is deeply integrated with the building itself, operates without power, and combines safety protection with thermal pollution control.

[0003] As a high-efficiency heat conduction device based on the principle of phase change heat transfer, the core of the heat pipe consists of a sealed tube body, a capillary structure and a working fluid, and the rapid transfer of heat is achieved through the evaporation-condensation cycle of the working fluid. Compared with traditional thermal conductive materials, heat pipes have unique advantages such as nearly isothermal heat transfer, no need for external power, and adaptability to large temperature difference environments. Since its advent in the mid-20th century, it has gradually expanded from the field of aerospace thermal control to industrial energy management scenarios. In industrial waste heat recovery applications, conventional heat pipe systems mostly adopt a stand-alone installation mode: although there have been attempts in recent years to embed heat pipes into building envelope structures (such as walls and roofs), existing solutions are mostly limited to a single thermal management function and fail to achieve the coordinated design of heat conduction units and building safety protection components, which restricts their large-scale application in industrial plants. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a heat pipe window guardrail for waste heat recovery in industrial plants and a method of use, so as to solve the problem that the industrial waste heat recovery device in the existing technology mostly adopts an independent installation mode, fails to achieve the coordinated design of the heat conduction unit and the building safety protection component, and restricts its large-scale application in industrial plants.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution to achieve them: a heat pipe type window guardrail for waste heat recovery in industrial plants, including a guardrail frame and a heat pipe installed on the guardrail frame, and the heat pipe is also connected to a water tank.

[0006] The heat pipe includes a condensing section, an insulating section and an evaporating section which are connected in sequence. The evaporating section is installed on the guardrail frame, the condensing section extends into the water tank, and the insulating section is located between the water tank and the guardrail frame.

[0007] The present invention also has the following technical features: The condensing section is provided with heat dissipation fins, and the outer surface of the heat insulating section is covered with heat insulating cotton.

[0008] The water tank includes a water tank body and a water inlet and a water outlet installed on the water tank body. The water inlet and water outlet are respectively located above and below the side walls of the water tank. The water inlet and water outlet are connected to the circulation pipeline through a one-way connecting pipe.

[0009] The condensation section is located in the water tank body.

[0010] The water tank body, water inlet, water outlet, one-way connecting pipe, circulation pipeline and insulation section are all pre-buried in the wall.

[0011] The guardrail frame comprises an outer frame and a transverse grille installed in the outer frame. The evaporation section is installed on the outer frame and the transverse grille to form a longitudinal grille.

[0012] The present invention also provides a method for using a heat pipe window guardrail for waste heat recovery in industrial plants, which is implemented using the above-mentioned heat pipe window guardrail for waste heat recovery in industrial plants, and includes the following steps: When the system is running, the guardrail frame is located outside the window, and water flows into the water tank body through the circulation pipe and the water inlet.

[0013] The water tank body is equipped with a condensing section of the heat pipe. During the flow process, the water is in full contact with the condensing section of the heat pipe. Since the high-temperature gaseous working medium in the condensing section of the heat pipe absorbs the heat of the high-temperature exhaust gas in the industrial plant, the water in the water tank body exchanges heat with the high-temperature gaseous working medium in the condensing section that absorbs the high-temperature exhaust gas in the industrial plant, thereby taking away the heat of the working medium in the condensing section.

[0014] After absorbing heat, the water temperature rises, and then under the action of water pressure, it flows out of the circulation pipeline from the outlet to recover the heat.

[0015] The high-temperature gaseous working medium that releases heat in the condensing section of the heat pipe changes phase into liquid again, and under the action of gravity, flows back to the evaporation section of the heat pipe through the adiabatic section. The working medium in the evaporation section of the heat pipe absorbs the high-temperature exhaust gas from the industrial plant and changes phase into high-temperature gaseous working medium, completing the second heat exchange. The high-temperature steam rises through the adiabatic section of the heat pipe to the condensing section of the heat pipe, realizing the thermal circulation of the working medium in the heat pipe.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects: This invention proposes a heat pipe-type window guardrail for waste heat recovery in industrial plants. Using heat pipes as the main structure, the guardrail passively recovers and dissipates waste heat within the plant through phase change and natural circulation of a working fluid. This system not only addresses the single-function nature of traditional window guardrails, but also enables the coordinated design of heat transfer units and building safety components, enabling large-scale application in industrial plants. Its unpowered design also reduces energy consumption and system complexity, offering significant economic and environmental benefits.

[0017] The present invention provides a heat pipe type window guardrail for waste heat recovery in industrial plants, which has a simple structure, is easy to operate, safe and reliable, and has strong adaptability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the heat pipe window guardrail for waste heat recovery in industrial plants according to the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 The present invention includes a schematic diagram of the position of the arrangement inside the wall.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the heat pipe of the present invention.

[0022] The meaning of each reference numeral in the accompanying drawings: 1-Guardrail frame, 2-Heat pipe, 3-Water tank, 4-Insulation cotton, 5-Window, 6-Wall.

[0023] 1-1-outer frame, 1-2-horizontal grille.

[0024] 2-1-Condensation section, 2-2-Insulation section, 2-3-Evaporation section, 2-4-Heating fins.

[0025] 3-1-water tank body, 3-2-water inlet, 3-3-water outlet, 3-4-one-way connecting pipe, 3-5-circulation pipeline.

[0026] The specific contents of the present invention are further explained in detail below with reference to the embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] Unless otherwise specified, all components in the present invention are components known in the prior art.

[0028] Specific embodiments of the present invention are given below. It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments, and all equivalent modifications made on the basis of the technical solution of this application fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0029] Example 1: This embodiment provides a heat pipe window guardrail for waste heat recovery in industrial plants, such as Figures 1-4 As shown, it includes a guardrail frame 1 and a heat pipe 2 installed on the guardrail frame 1. The heat pipe 2 is also connected to the water tank 3.

[0030] The heat pipe 2 includes a condensing section 2-1, an insulating section 2-2 and an evaporating section 2-3 which are connected in sequence. The evaporating section 2-3 is installed on the guardrail frame 1. The condensing section 2-1 extends into the water tank 3. The insulating section 2-2 is located between the water tank 3 and the guardrail frame 1.

[0031] In this embodiment, the heat pipe 2 is used as the main body of the window guardrail to form a closed heat circulation path with the water tank 3 embedded in the wall 6, and heat transfer is completed by using the phase change of the working medium without the intervention of electrical equipment.

[0032] The guardrail longitudinal grid is composed of multiple sealed heat pipes 2 arranged in parallel. The working medium is injected into the heat pipes 2. The upper end of the heat pipe 2 is embedded to a certain depth through the lower wall of the water tank 3. Parallel heat dissipation fins 2-4 are fixed to the outer surface of the condensing section 2-1 embedded in the water tank 3; the middle section of the heat pipe 2 is located between the guardrail frame 1 and the water tank 3. The insulating section 2-2 is covered with insulation cotton 4; the water tank 3 is provided with a water inlet 3-2 and a water outlet 3-3 on both sides, which are sealed with a circulation pipeline 3-5 embedded in the wall 6 through a one-way connecting pipe 3-4.

[0033] When high-temperature exhaust gas from an industrial plant passes through the window 5, the evaporation section 2-3 of the heat pipe 2 absorbs the heat of the exhaust gas, causing the working medium to vaporize and rise. After the steam enters the water tank 3 through the top channel of the heat section 2-2 insulated by the thermal insulation cotton 4, it quickly exchanges heat with the liquid working medium in the water tank 3 through the heat dissipation fins 2-4. The condensed liquid working medium automatically flows back to the bottom of the heat pipe 2 by gravity, forming an unpowered self-circulating system. The liquid working medium can be water, which enters the water tank 3 through the water inlet 3-2 for heat exchange. The heated water is discharged through the water outlet 3-3 and the one-way connecting pipe 3-4 to the circulation pipeline 3-5 pre-buried in the wall 6 for waste heat utilization and recovery.

[0034] This structure lowers the exhaust gas temperature through phase change heat transfer. The recovered heat energy is converted into a high-temperature, usable working fluid via water tank 3, eliminating thermal pollution while simultaneously utilizing waste heat as a resource. This structure combines the triple functions of exhaust gas cooling, heat recovery, and building protection, making it particularly suitable for high-heat-pollution industrial environments such as metallurgy.

[0035] As a preferred embodiment of this invention: The condensing section 2-1 is equipped with heat dissipation fins 2-4, and the outer surface of the insulating section 2-2 is covered with thermal insulation cotton 4. The thermal insulation cotton 4 is made of a high-temperature resistant material with a certain thickness and low thermal conductivity. It tightly wraps the insulating section 2-2 to prevent temperature loss and maintain the temperature stability of the working fluid.

[0036] The heat dissipation fins 2-4 are arranged in an array at regular intervals along the axial direction of the heat pipe 2. The heat dissipation fins 2-4 are circular wing-shaped fins perpendicular to the heat pipe 2, and their individual fin structures are flat circular wing-shaped. This increases the heat exchange area, making heat transfer more efficient and improving heat exchange efficiency.

[0037] As a preferred embodiment of this invention: The water tank 3 includes a water tank body 3-1 and a water inlet 3-2 and a water outlet 3-3 installed on the water tank body 3-1. The water inlet 3-2 and the water outlet 3-3 are respectively located above and below the side walls of the water tank body 3-1. The water inlet 3-2 and the water outlet 3-3 are both connected to the circulation pipeline 3-5 through a one-way connecting pipe 3-4.

[0038] The condensation section 2-1 is located inside the water tank body 3-1.

[0039] The water tank body 3 - 1 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure, in which liquid working medium is stored. The heat pipe 2 below passes through the water tank body 3 - 1 , and the wall of the heat pipe 2 and the water tank body 3 - 1 are kept sealed.

[0040] The heat pipe 2 is made of a material with high thermal conductivity including copper and aluminum.

[0041] The condensation section 2-1 is located in the water tank body 3-1. The condensation section 2-1 adopts a liquid cooling heat dissipation method to ensure that the gas phase working medium is cooled to the liquid phase in the condensation section 2-1.

[0042] The water tank body 3 - 1 , the water inlet 3 - 2 , the water outlet 3 - 3 , the one-way connecting pipe 3 - 4 , the circulation pipeline 3 - 5 and the insulation section 2 - 2 are all pre-buried in the wall 6 .

[0043] As a preferred embodiment of this invention: The guardrail frame 1 comprises an outer frame 1-1 and transverse grilles 1-2 mounted within the outer frame 1-1. The evaporator section 2-3 is mounted on the outer frame 1-1 and transverse grilles 1-2, forming a longitudinal grid. The condenser section 2-1 at the top of the heat pipe 2 extends into a water tank 3 embedded in the wall 6. The heat pipe 2 is welded longitudinally to the guardrail frame 1, ensuring that the overall structure meets the impact load resistance requirements of industrial buildings.

[0044] The water tank body 3-1 is welded from 304 stainless steel, with a wall thickness of 5mm. It is embedded in the wall 6 above the window 5. A water inlet 3-2 is welded to the left wall of the water tank body 3-1, 30mm from the top. A water outlet 3-3 is welded to the right wall of the water tank body 3-1, 30mm from the bottom. The water inlet 3-2 and outlet 3-3 are connected to the circulation pipeline 3-5 embedded in the wall 6 via a one-way connecting pipe 3-4. The one-way connecting pipe 3-4 is a hexagonal stainless steel pipe (outer diameter Φ32mm, wall thickness 1.5mm). The guardrail frame 1 is welded from 1000mm×450mm square steel into a grid structure, with a galvanized surface for corrosion protection. Twenty copper heat pipes 2 (outer diameter Φ30mm, wall thickness 2mm, length 1200mm) are selected and arranged in parallel with a horizontal spacing of 150mm. They are then vertically welded and fixed to the guardrail frame 1. The upper end of heat pipe 2 (condenser section 2-1) extends 200mm into the interior of the water tank body 3-1. Ring-shaped aluminum heat sink fins 2-4 (30mm radius, 5mm spacing) are welded to the outer surface of this section to enhance condensation heat exchange. The lower end of heat pipe 2 (evaporator section 2-3) is exposed to the air outside the factory building to absorb excess heat. The insulating section 2-2, which runs from the top of the guardrail frame 1 to the bottom of the water tank 3 (approximately 200mm long), is tightly wrapped with high-temperature-resistant fiberglass insulation 4 (15mm thick) to reduce heat loss.

[0045] The specific working process of the present invention is: S1. When processing the heat pipe 2, circular wing-shaped heat dissipation fins 2-4 are welded to the outside of the condensation section 2-1 at the upper end of the heat pipe 2. The heat dissipation fins 2-4 are arranged in parallel along the axial direction to enhance condensation heat exchange.

[0046] S2. When machining the water tank body 3-1, do not install the top cover of the water tank body 3-1 yet. Laser cut holes at the designed spacing on the bottom of the water tank body 3-1 to form an array of embedded holes with a diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the heat pipe 2. Weld a water inlet 3-2 to the upper left side wall of the water tank body 3-1 and a water outlet 3-3 to the lower right side wall of the water tank body 3-1. Connect a one-way connecting pipe 3-4 between the water inlet 3-2 and the water outlet 3-3.

[0047] S3. When assembling the entire device, insert the processed heat pipe 2 vertically from the top into the bottom embedding hole, so that the condensing section 2-1 and the fins 2-4 are completely suspended inside the water tank body 3-1, and the inserted heat pipe 2 is arranged parallel to the direction perpendicular to the heat pipe 2. The top cover of the water tank body 3-1 is welded and fixed and kept sealed, and the gap between the wall of the heat pipe 2 and the embedding hole is welded and sealed. The evaporation section 2-3 at the lower end of the heat pipe 2 is vertically welded to the horizontal grille 1-2 and the outer frame 1-1 of the guardrail frame 1, so that multiple heat pipes 2 are arranged in parallel to form a longitudinal grille, and the outside of the insulation section 2-2 in the middle section of the heat pipe 2 is tightly covered with high-temperature resistant insulation cotton 4.

[0048] S4. When fixing the entire device, reserve an embedded space in the wall 6 above the window 5, and bury the water tank body 3-1, water inlet 3-2, water outlet 3-3, one-way connecting pipe 3-4, circulation pipe 3-5 and the insulating section 2-2 of the heat pipe 2 in the wall 6 as a whole, leaving only the guardrail frame 1, the evaporation section 2-3 of the heat pipe 2 and the insulating section 2-2 of the heat pipe 2 exposed on the outside of the wall 6.

[0049] When the system is running, the heat pipe 2 absorbs the waste heat from the factory building to vaporize the working medium. The steam rises into the water tank body 3-1 through the adiabatic section 2-2, and is quickly condensed through the heat dissipation fins 2-4 to release latent heat, thereby heating the liquid working medium in the water tank body 3-1. The heated liquid working medium is discharged through the water outlet 3-3 and the circulation pipeline 3-5. At the same time, the liquid working medium at room temperature is replenished into the water tank body 3-1 through the circulation pipeline 3-5 and the water inlet 3-2, forming a one-way cycle in which the working medium absorbs heat from the heat pipe 2, the water tank body 3-1 releases heat, and the circulation pipeline 3-5 conducts heat, thereby realizing efficient recovery and cascade utilization of industrial waste heat.

[0050] In this solution, the heat pipe 2 is directly installed on the outside of the window 5 in the high-temperature area of ​​the factory. It quickly absorbs the waste heat generated by the equipment through the phase change cycle of the working fluid, and continuously extracts the heat for recycling, greatly improving the waste heat recovery efficiency.

[0051] The system of this solution completely relies on the autonomous evaporation-condensation cycle of the working fluid inside the heat pipe 2 to achieve heat transfer, without the need for external electric drive, significantly reducing the factory's heat dissipation energy consumption and operation and maintenance costs.

[0052] In this solution, the heat pipe 2 is integrated with the guardrail, directly utilizing the structural space around the window 5 without occupying additional factory floor or roof area, thus avoiding interference of traditional waste heat recovery equipment on the production layout.

[0053] This solution and the present invention reduce the exhaust gas emission temperature by recovering waste heat, thereby reducing environmental thermal pollution; improving the ambient temperature around the factory and improving the working environment of the workers.

[0054] This solution and the present invention have both physical protection and heat recovery functions, replacing traditional non-functional guardrails, improving factory safety while realizing energy recycling.

[0055] The modular design of this solution and the present invention can be flexibly adapted to factory windows 5 of different sizes, is suitable for high heat pollution industries such as metallurgy, chemical industry, and glass manufacturing, and supports large-scale promotion.

[0056] This solution and invention has low initial investment cost, short payback period, and long-term reduction in energy consumption and carbon emissions, which meets the requirements of industrial green transformation policy.

[0057] Example 2: A method for using a heat pipe window guardrail for waste heat recovery in an industrial plant is implemented using the heat pipe window guardrail for waste heat recovery in an industrial plant as described in Example 1, comprising the following steps: When the system is running, the guardrail frame 1 is located outside the window 5, and water flows into the water tank body 3-1 from the water inlet 3-2 through the circulation pipe 3-5.

[0058] The condensing section 2-1 of the heat pipe 2 is provided in the water tank body 3-1. During the flow process, the water is in full contact with the condensing section 2-1 of the heat pipe 2. Since the high-temperature gaseous working medium in the condensing section 2-1 of the heat pipe 2 absorbs the heat of the high-temperature exhaust gas in the industrial plant, the water in the water tank body 3-1 exchanges heat with the high-temperature gaseous working medium in the condensing section 2-1 that absorbs the high-temperature exhaust gas in the industrial plant, thereby taking away the heat of the working medium in the condensing section 2-1.

[0059] After absorbing the heat, the water temperature rises, and then under the action of water pressure, it flows out of the circulation pipeline 3-5 from the water outlet 3-3 to recover the heat.

[0060] The high-temperature gaseous working medium that releases heat in the condensing section 2-1 of the heat pipe 2 changes phase into liquid again, and under the action of gravity, flows back to the evaporating section 2-3 of the heat pipe 2 through the adiabatic section 2-2. The working medium in the evaporating section 2-3 of the heat pipe 2 absorbs the high-temperature exhaust gas from the industrial plant and changes phase into high-temperature gaseous working medium, completing the second heat exchange. The high-temperature steam rises through the adiabatic section 2-2 of the heat pipe 2 to the condensing section 2-1 of the heat pipe 2, realizing the heat circulation of the working medium in the heat pipe 2.

[0061] The above technical solutions are only preferred specific implementation methods of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be thought of by any technician familiar with the field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention without creative work are all covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A heat pipe window guardrail for waste heat recovery in industrial plants, comprising a guardrail frame (1), characterized in that: It also includes a heat pipe (2) installed on the guardrail frame (1), and the heat pipe (2) is also connected to the water tank (3); The heat pipe (2) comprises a condensing section (2-1), an insulating section (2-2) and an evaporating section (2-3) which are connected in sequence, the evaporating section (2-3) being mounted on the guardrail frame (1), the condensing section (2-1) extending into the water tank (3), and the insulating section (2-2) being located between the water tank (3) and the guardrail frame (1).

2. The heat pipe window guardrail for waste heat recovery in industrial plants according to claim 1, characterized in that: The condensing section (2-1) is provided with heat dissipation fins (2-4), and the outer surface of the heat insulating section (2-2) is covered with heat insulating cotton (4).

3. The heat pipe window guardrail for waste heat recovery in industrial plants according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water tank (3) comprises a water tank body (3-1) and a water inlet (3-2) and a water outlet (3-3) mounted on the water tank body (3-1); the water inlet (3-2) and the water outlet (3-3) are respectively located above and below the side walls of the water tank; the water inlet (3-2) and the water outlet (3-3) are both connected to a circulation pipeline (3-5) via a one-way connecting pipe (3-4); The condensation section (2-1) is located inside the water tank body (3-1); The water tank body (3-1), water inlet (3-2), water outlet (3-3), one-way connecting pipe (3-4), circulation pipeline (3-5) and insulation section (2-2) are all pre-buried in the wall.

4. The heat pipe window guardrail for waste heat recovery in industrial plants according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guardrail frame (1) comprises an outer frame (1-1) and a transverse grille (1-2) installed in the outer frame (1-1); the evaporation section (2-3) is installed on the outer frame (1-1) and the transverse grille (1-2) to form a longitudinal grille.

5. A method for using a heat pipe window guardrail for waste heat recovery in industrial plants, which is implemented by using the heat pipe window guardrail for waste heat recovery in industrial plants according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The steps include: When the system is in operation, the guardrail frame (1) is located outside the window (5), and water flows into the water tank body (3-1) from the water inlet (3-2) through the circulation pipe (3-5); The water tank body (3-1) is provided with the condensation section (2-1) of the heat pipe (2). During the flow of water, the water is in full contact with the condensation section (2-1) of the heat pipe (2). Since the high-temperature gaseous working medium in the condensation section (2-1) of the heat pipe (2) absorbs the heat of the high-temperature exhaust gas in the industrial plant, the water in the water tank body (3-1) performs heat exchange with the high-temperature gaseous working medium in the condensation section (2-1) that absorbs the high-temperature exhaust gas in the industrial plant, thereby taking away the heat of the working medium in the condensation section (2-1). After absorbing the heat, the water temperature rises, and then under the action of water pressure, it flows out of the water outlet (3-3) to the circulation pipeline (3-5) for heat recovery; The high-temperature gaseous working medium that releases heat in the condensation section (2-1) of the heat pipe (2) changes phase and liquefies into a liquid state again, and flows back to the evaporation section (2-3) of the heat pipe (2) through the insulation section (2-2) under the action of gravity. The working medium in the evaporation section (2-3) of the heat pipe (2) absorbs the high-temperature exhaust gas from the industrial plant and changes phase into a high-temperature gaseous working medium, completing the second heat exchange. The high-temperature steam rises to the condensation section (2-1) of the heat pipe (2) through the insulation section (2-2) of the heat pipe, thereby realizing the heat circulation of the working medium in the heat pipe (2).

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