Supporting component for weakly cemented soft rock roadway

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of supporting components, and provides a supporting component for a weakly cemented soft rock roadway, which is mounted on the side wall of the roadway, is used for protecting the side wall of the roadway, and comprises a protection plate, a threaded column, a drill bit, a moving mechanism, a rotating mechanism and a reinforcing mechanism, a threaded column is arranged in the mounting opening in a penetrating mode, a drill bit is fixedly arranged at one end of the threaded column, a limiting disc is fixedly arranged at the other end of the threaded column, the moving mechanism is arranged between the threaded column and the protection plate and used for driving the threaded column to move in the mounting opening, and the rotating mechanism is arranged between the threaded column and the protection plate and used for driving the threaded column to rotate. The reinforcing mechanism is arranged on the threaded column and used for reinforcing the portion between the threaded column and the side wall of the roadway, and through the technical scheme, the technical problem that in the prior art, the supporting stability between the supporting component and the roadway is low is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present invention relate to the technical field of support components, and in particular, to a support component for a weakly cemented soft rock tunnel. Background Art

[0002] In mining, underground engineering, and other fields, the support of weakly cemented soft rock tunnels has always been a key challenge in engineering practice. Weakly cemented soft rock exhibits low strength, poor cementation, softening upon contact with water, and significant rheological properties. After tunnel excavation, it is prone to significant surrounding rock deformation, severe fragmentation, and poor self-stabilization, posing a serious threat to tunnel stability and safety. At present, the commonly used support methods for weakly cemented soft rock tunnels mainly include anchor support, metal bracket support, shotcrete support, etc.

[0003] Among them, anchor support improves the self-bearing capacity of the surrounding rock by anchoring the anchor rods in stable rock formations and relying on the friction and adhesion between the anchor rods and the surrounding rock. However, in weakly cemented soft rocks, due to the low strength of the surrounding rock, the anchoring effect of the anchor rods is often poor, and problems such as anchor rod failure and overall collapse of the surrounding rock are prone to occur.

[0004] Although metal support can provide a certain supporting force, rigid metal supports are difficult to adapt to large deformations of the surrounding rock and are prone to crushing and deformation. The retractable performance and bearing capacity of retractable metal supports also have certain limitations in complex weakly cemented soft rock environments.

[0005] Shotcrete support can seal the surface of the surrounding rock and prevent weathering and spalling of the surrounding rock, but its ability to control deformation of deep surrounding rock is limited, and it is difficult to withstand large surrounding rock pressure when used alone.

[0006] Therefore, in the process of supporting weakly cemented soft rock roadways, the problem of low stability between the supporting components and the roadway sidewalls is inevitable, which in turn affects the support effect of the roadway. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects, the present invention provides a support component for a weakly cemented soft rock tunnel, which is used to solve the technical problem of low support stability between the support component and the tunnel in the prior art.

[0008] According to one aspect, at least one embodiment of the present invention provides a support component for a weakly cemented soft rock tunnel, which is installed on the side wall of the tunnel and is used to protect the side wall of the tunnel. It includes a protective plate, a threaded column, a drill bit, a moving mechanism, a rotating mechanism and a reinforcing mechanism. Two mounting openings are symmetrically provided on the protective plate, and the threaded column is penetrated through the mounting opening. The drill bit is fixedly provided at one end of the threaded column, and a limiting disk is fixedly provided at the other end of the threaded column. The moving mechanism is between the threaded column and the protective plate, and is used to drive the threaded column to move in the mounting opening. The rotating mechanism is provided between the threaded column and the protective plate, and is used to drive the threaded column to rotate. The reinforcing mechanism is provided on the threaded column, and is used to reinforce the threaded column and the side wall of the tunnel.

[0009] In order to drive the threaded column to rotate so that the threaded column extends into the tunnel, the rotation mechanism includes a first annular groove, a positioning groove, a first gear ring and a driving mechanism. The first annular groove is opened on the side wall of the mounting port, and the side wall of the threaded column is provided with a plurality of positioning grooves. The first gear ring is rotatably set in the first annular groove. A plurality of positioning blocks are fixedly provided on the inner wall of the first gear ring. The positioning blocks extend into the positioning groove and are slidably connected to the side wall of the positioning groove. The driving mechanism is arranged in the protective plate for driving the first gear ring to rotate.

[0010] Preferably, the driving mechanism includes a first driving groove, a first gear and an adjusting mechanism. The first driving groove is opened on one side of the positioning through groove. The first driving groove is connected to the positioning through groove. The first gear is rotatably set in the first driving groove. The first gear is engaged with the first gear ring. The adjusting mechanism is set in the protective plate for driving the first gear to rotate.

[0011] Further, the adjusting mechanism includes a first cavity, a second bevel gear and an adjusting assembly, the first cavity is opened on one side of the first driving groove, and the side wall of the first cavity close to the first gear is rotatably provided with a first bevel gear, a first connecting rod is fixedly provided between the first bevel gear and the first gear, the second bevel gear is rotatably provided on the side wall of the first cavity, the second bevel gear is meshed with the first bevel gear, and the adjusting assembly is provided on the protective plate for driving the two second bevel gears to rotate synchronously. Specifically, an electric wrench can be used to screw the screw bit, and at the same time, the two adjacent second bevel gears can be rotated by the second connecting rod, and the first gear can be rotated by the meshing of the second bevel gear and the first bevel gear, so that the first gear ring can be rotated by the meshing of the first gear and the first gear ring, and the threaded column can be rotated by the sliding cooperation of the positioning block and the positioning slot, so as to facilitate the insertion of the threaded column into the lane to achieve fixation between the protective plate and the side wall of the lane, thereby facilitating the protection of the lane by the protective plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the adjustment assembly includes a second connecting rod and a bit, the second connecting rod is fixedly arranged between the two second bevel gears, the bit is rotatably arranged on the protective plate, and the bit is fixedly connected to the second connecting rod.

[0013] In order to further improve the fixing stability between the protective plate and the tunnel, the threaded columns and the mounting openings are provided in multiple groups, and the multiple groups of threaded columns and the mounting openings are arranged on the protective plate.

[0014] Based on the above solution, the moving mechanism includes a second annular groove and an internally threaded tube. The second annular groove is formed on the side wall of the mounting opening. The internally threaded tube is fixedly disposed within the second annular groove. The threaded post penetrates the internally threaded tube via a threaded engagement. Specifically, during rotation of the threaded post, the threaded post can be driven to rotate by the threaded engagement with the internally threaded tube, thereby more conveniently inserting the threaded post into the roadway to secure the protective plate.

[0015] On the basis of the above scheme, the reinforcement mechanism includes a second cavity and a grouting port. The second cavity is opened in the threaded column. A reinforcement port is opened between the side wall of the second cavity and the positioning groove. The grouting port is opened on the side wall of the first cavity. The grouting port passes through the limit plate. The operator can inject cement slurry into the third cavity through the grouting port. After that, the cement slurry can be added to the gap between the threaded column and the tunnel through the reinforcement port, so that the threaded column and the tunnel are reinforced after the cement slurry solidifies, thereby facilitating further improvement of the fixing stability between the protective plate and the side wall of the tunnel.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention are: 1. In the present invention, by setting up the rotating mechanism, an electric wrench can be used to screw the screwdriver bit, and at the same time, the two adjacent second bevel gears are driven to rotate by the second connecting rod, and the first gear is driven to rotate by the meshing of the second bevel gear and the first bevel gear, so that the first gear ring can be driven to rotate by the meshing of the first gear and the first gear ring, and the threaded column is driven to rotate by the sliding cooperation between the positioning block and the positioning groove, so that the threaded column is conveniently inserted into the lane to achieve fixation between the protective plate and the side wall of the lane, thereby facilitating the protection of the lane by the protective plate; 2. In the present invention, by providing a moving mechanism, the threaded post can be driven to rotate by the threaded engagement between the threaded post and the internally threaded pipe during its rotation, thereby making it easier to insert the threaded post into the tunnel to secure the protective plate. 3. In the present invention, the reinforcement mechanism facilitates the injection of cement slurry into the third cavity through the grouting port. The cement slurry can then be added to the gap between the threaded column and the roadway through the reinforcement port. After the cement slurry solidifies, the threaded column and the roadway are reinforced, thereby further improving the fixing stability between the protective plate and the roadway sidewall. 4. In the present invention, through the setting of the protective plate, including the threaded column, drill bit, moving mechanism, rotating mechanism and reinforcement mechanism, the screwdriver bit can be screwed by an electric wrench, so that the rotation of the screwdriver bit can drive the threaded column and the drill bit to rotate and move, and at the same time, the threaded column is inserted into the tunnel through the rotation and movement of the threaded column, so as to facilitate the protection of the side wall of the tunnel through the protective plate, thereby solving the technical problem of low support stability between the supporting component and the tunnel in the prior art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly describes the drawings required for describing the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can, without inventive effort, derive other drawings based on the contents of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention and these drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a supporting component for a weakly cemented soft rock roadway according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a weakly cemented soft rock roadway support component from another perspective in an embodiment; Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a cross-section of the rotating mechanism in an embodiment; Figure 4 for Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a cross-section of the moving mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure at A in the middle; Figure 6 for Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of the first gear ring in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 for Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a cross-section of the adjustment mechanism in an embodiment; Figure 8 for Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a cross-section of a threaded column in an embodiment.

[0019] In the figure: 1. Protective plate; 2. Threaded column; 3. Mounting port; 4. Drill bit; 5. Limit plate; 6. First annular groove; 7. Positioning through groove; 8. First gear ring; 9. Positioning block; 10. First gear; 11. First cavity; 12. First bevel gear; 13. Second bevel gear; 14. Second connecting rod; 15. Screwdriver bit; 16. Internally threaded pipe; 17. Second cavity; 18. Reinforcement port; 19. Grouting port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention.

[0020] To simplify the drawings, only portions relevant to the invention are schematically depicted in each figure; they do not represent the actual structure of the product. Furthermore, to simplify the drawings and facilitate understanding, in some figures, only one component with the same structure or function is schematically depicted or labeled. In this document, "one" not only means "only one" but also "more than one," and "several" includes "two" and "more than two."

[0021] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed, detachable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediary; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0022] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features being in contact not directly but through another feature between them. Furthermore, a first feature being "above," "above," and "above" a second feature may include the first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below," "below," and "below" a second feature may include the first feature being directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0023] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "up", "down", "left", "right", etc., and the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0024] In addition, in the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0025] like Figures 1-8 As shown, it shows a support component for a weakly cemented soft rock tunnel in one embodiment of the present invention, which is installed on the side wall of the tunnel and is used to protect the side wall of the tunnel, including a protective plate 1, a threaded column 2, a drill bit 4, a moving mechanism, a rotating mechanism and a reinforcing mechanism. Two installation openings 3 are symmetrically opened on the protective plate 1, and a threaded column 2 is arranged through the installation opening 3. A drill bit 4 is fixedly arranged at one end of the threaded column 2, and a limiting disk 5 is fixedly arranged at the other end of the threaded column 2. The moving mechanism is between the threaded column 2 and the protective plate 1, and is used to drive the threaded column 2 to move in the installation opening 3. The rotating mechanism is arranged between the threaded column 2 and the protective plate 1, and is used to drive the threaded column 2 to rotate. The reinforcing mechanism is arranged on the threaded column 2, and is used to reinforce the threaded column 2 and the side wall of the tunnel.

[0026] Reference Figures 1-6, the rotating mechanism includes a first annular groove 6, a positioning groove 7, a first gear ring 8 and a driving mechanism. The first annular groove 6 is opened on the side wall of the mounting port 3, and a plurality of positioning grooves 7 are opened on the side wall of the threaded column 2. The first gear ring 8 is rotatably set in the first annular groove 6. A plurality of positioning blocks 9 are fixedly set on the inner wall of the first gear ring 8. The positioning blocks 9 extend into the positioning groove 7 and are slidably connected to the side wall of the positioning groove 7. The driving mechanism is set in the protective plate 1 for driving the first gear ring 8 to rotate. The driving mechanism includes a first driving groove, a first gear 10 and an adjusting mechanism. The first driving groove is opened on one side of the positioning groove 7. The first driving groove is connected to the positioning groove 7. A gear 10 is rotatably arranged in the first drive groove, the first gear 10 is engaged with the first gear ring 8, and the adjustment mechanism is arranged in the protective plate 1, which is used to drive the first gear 10 to rotate. Specifically, the operation of the adjustment mechanism can drive the first gear 10 to rotate, and at the same time, the first gear ring 8 is driven to rotate through the engagement of the first gear 10 with the first gear ring 8, so that the positioning block 9 moves around the threaded column 2, and then the threaded column 2 is driven to rotate through the sliding cooperation relationship between the positioning block 9 and the positioning groove 7, so as to facilitate the insertion of the threaded column 2 into the tunnel to achieve fixation between the protective plate 1 and the side wall of the tunnel, so as to facilitate the protection of the tunnel through the protective plate 1.

[0027] Reference Figure 3-Figure 7 The adjusting mechanism includes a first cavity 11, a second bevel gear 13 and an adjusting assembly. The first cavity 11 is opened on one side of the first driving groove. The side wall of the first cavity 11 close to the first gear 10 is rotatably provided with a first bevel gear 12. A first connecting rod is fixedly provided between the first bevel gear 12 and the first gear 10. The second bevel gear 13 is rotatably provided on the side wall of the first cavity 11. The second bevel gear 13 is meshed with the first bevel gear 12. The adjusting assembly is provided on the protective plate 1 for driving the two second bevel gears 13 to rotate synchronously. The adjusting assembly includes a second connecting rod 14 And the screwdriver bit 15, the second connecting rod 14 is fixedly arranged between the two second bevel gears 13, the screwdriver bit 15 is rotatably set on the protective plate 1, the screwdriver bit 15 is fixedly connected to the second connecting rod 14, the threaded column 2 and the mounting port 3 are set into multiple groups, and multiple groups of threaded columns 2 and mounting ports 3 are arranged on the protective plate 1. Specifically, the operator can use an electric wrench to screw the screwdriver bit 15, and at the same time, the two adjacent second bevel gears 13 are driven to rotate through the second connecting rod 14, and at the same time, the first gear 10 is driven to rotate through the engagement of the second bevel gear 13 with the first bevel gear 12.

[0028] Reference Figure 3-Figure 5The moving mechanism includes a second annular groove and an internal threaded tube 16. The second annular groove is opened on the side wall of the mounting port 3. The internal threaded tube 16 is fixedly arranged in the second annular groove. The threaded column 2 passes through the internal threaded tube 16 through threaded cooperation. Specifically, during the rotation of the threaded column 2, the threaded column 2 can be driven to rotate by the threaded cooperation between the threaded column 2 and the internal threaded tube 16, so that it is more convenient to insert the threaded column 2 into the tunnel to fix the protective plate 1.

[0029] Reference Figure 8 The reinforcement mechanism includes a second cavity 17 and a grouting port 19. The second cavity 17 is opened in the threaded column 2. A reinforcement port 18 is opened between the side wall of the second cavity 17 and the positioning groove 7. The grouting port 19 is opened on the side wall of the first cavity 11. The grouting port 19 passes through the limit plate 5. Specifically, the operator can inject cement slurry into the third cavity through the grouting port 19. Thereafter, the cement slurry can be added to the gap between the threaded column 2 and the tunnel through the reinforcement port 18, thereby realizing reinforcement between the threaded column 2 and the tunnel after the cement slurry solidifies, thereby facilitating further improvement of the fixing stability between the protective plate 1 and the side wall of the tunnel.

[0030] It should also be noted that a steel mesh can be posted on the side wall of the tunnel, and then the concrete material is sprayed at high speed onto the surface of the tunnel surrounding rock through a sprayer to form a concrete layer with a certain thickness and strength. The concrete layer can seal the surface of the surrounding rock to prevent weathering, deliquescence and peeling of the surrounding rock. At the same time, it is closely combined with the surrounding rock to jointly withstand the surrounding rock pressure and improve the integrity and stability of the surrounding rock. After that, a protective plate 1 is fixed on the side wall of the tunnel, so that the side wall of the tunnel can be further fixed through the cooperation of the protective plate 1 and the concrete layer. Among them, the role of the steel mesh is to enhance the tensile strength of the sprayed concrete, prevent the concrete layer from cracking and peeling, improve the overall performance of the support structure, and enable the sprayed concrete and surrounding rock to work better together.

[0031] Among them, a first positioning groove is opened at one end of the side wall of the protective plate 1, a first positioning opening is opened on the side wall of the first positioning groove, a second positioning groove is opened at one end of the opposite side wall of the protective plate 1, a second positioning groove is opened on the side wall of the second positioning groove, and a second positioning opening is opened on the side wall of the second positioning groove.

[0032] Among them, the inner wall of the grouting port 19 is provided with an internal thread, and a plug is installed in the grouting port 19 through thread cooperation, which is used to seal the cement slurry in the second cavity 17, thereby preventing the cement slurry in the second cavity 17 from escaping from the second cavity.

[0033] In this embodiment, when in use, the operator places the protective plate 1 against the side wall of the tunnel, and then the operator can use the electric wrench to screw the screwdriver head 15, and at the same time drive the two adjacent second bevel gears 13 to rotate through the second connecting rod 14, and at the same time drive the first gear 10 to rotate through the engagement of the second bevel gear 13 with the first bevel gear 12, and at the same time drive the first gear ring 8 to rotate through the engagement of the first gear 10 with the first gear ring 8, so that the positioning block 9 moves around the threaded column 2, and then drives the threaded column 2 to rotate through the sliding cooperation relationship between the positioning block 9 and the positioning slot 7, and During the rotation of the threaded column 2, the threaded column 2 can be driven to rotate by the threaded cooperation between the threaded column 2 and the internal threaded tube 16, so that the threaded column 2 can be inserted into the tunnel to fix the protective plate 1. After that, the operator can inject cement slurry into the third cavity through the grouting port 19, and then the cement slurry can be added to the gap between the threaded column 2 and the tunnel through the reinforcement port 18, so that the threaded column 2 and the tunnel are reinforced after the cement slurry solidifies, thereby facilitating further improving the fixing stability between the protective plate 1 and the side wall of the tunnel, so that the side wall of the tunnel can be protected by the protective plate 1.

[0034] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A supporting member for a weakly cemented soft rock roadway, installed on the side wall of the roadway, for protecting the side wall of the roadway, comprising a protective plate (1), characterized in that: include: A threaded column (2), wherein two mounting openings (3) are symmetrically provided on the protective plate (1), and the threaded column (2) is provided through the mounting openings (3); A drill bit (4), wherein the drill bit (4) is fixedly provided at one end of the threaded column (2), and a limit plate (5) is fixedly provided at the other end of the threaded column (2); A moving mechanism, the moving mechanism being located between the threaded column (2) and the protective plate (1) and being used to drive the threaded column (2) to move within the installation opening (3); a rotation mechanism, the rotation mechanism being arranged between the threaded column (2) and the protective plate (1) and being used to drive the threaded column (2) to rotate; A reinforcement mechanism is provided on the threaded column (2) and is used to reinforce the space between the threaded column (2) and the side wall of the tunnel.

2. A supporting member for weakly cemented soft rock roadway according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating mechanism comprises: a first annular groove (6), the first annular groove (6) being formed on a side wall of the mounting opening (3); Positioning slots (7), a plurality of positioning slots (7) are provided on the side wall of the threaded column (2); a first gear ring (8), the first gear ring (8) being rotatably disposed in the first annular groove (6), a plurality of positioning blocks (9) being fixedly disposed on the inner wall of the first gear ring (8), the positioning blocks (9) extending into the positioning through groove (7) and being slidably connected to the side walls of the positioning through groove (7); A driving mechanism is provided in the protective plate (1) and is used to drive the first gear ring (8) to rotate.

3. A supporting member for weakly cemented soft rock tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving mechanism comprises: A first driving groove, the first driving groove being opened on one side of the positioning through groove (7), and the first driving groove being in communication with the positioning through groove (7); a first gear (10), the first gear (10) being rotatably disposed in the first driving groove, the first gear (10) being meshed with the first gear ring (8); An adjusting mechanism is provided in the protective plate (1) and is used to drive the first gear (10) to rotate.

4. A supporting member for weakly cemented soft rock tunnel according to claim 3, characterized in that: The regulating mechanism comprises: a first cavity (11), the first cavity (11) being opened on one side of the first driving groove, a first bevel gear (12) being rotatably provided on a side wall of the first cavity (11) close to the first gear (10), and a first connecting rod being fixedly provided between the first bevel gear (12) and the first gear (10); a second bevel gear (13), the second bevel gear (13) being rotatably disposed on a side wall of the first cavity (11), the second bevel gear (13) being meshed with the first bevel gear (12); An adjustment component is provided on the protective plate (1) and is used to drive the two second bevel gears (13) to rotate synchronously.

5. A supporting component for weakly cemented soft rock tunnel according to claim 4, characterized in that: The adjustment component includes: a second connecting rod (14), the second connecting rod (14) being fixedly arranged between the two second bevel gears (13); A screwdriver bit (15), the screwdriver bit (15) is rotatably mounted on the protective plate (1), and the screwdriver bit (15) is fixedly connected to the second connecting rod (14).

6. A supporting component for weakly cemented soft rock tunnel according to claim 5, characterized in that: The threaded columns (2) and the mounting openings (3) are arranged in multiple groups, and the multiple groups of threaded columns (2) and the mounting openings (3) are arranged in an array on the protective plate (1).

7. A supporting member for weakly cemented soft rock tunnel according to claim 6, characterized in that: The moving mechanism comprises: a second annular groove, the second annular groove being formed on a side wall of the mounting opening (3); An internally threaded tube (16), wherein the internally threaded tube (16) is fixedly disposed in the second annular groove, and the threaded column (2) penetrates the internally threaded tube (16) through threaded engagement.

8. The supporting component for weakly cemented soft rock tunnel according to claim 7, characterized in that: The reinforcement mechanism comprises: A second cavity (17), the second cavity (17) is provided in the threaded column (2), and a reinforcement opening (18) is provided between a side wall of the second cavity (17) and the positioning groove (7); A grouting port (19), the grouting port (19) is opened on the side wall of the first cavity (11), and the grouting port (19) passes through the limiting plate (5).

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