Top coal caving hydraulic support with anti-skid buffer device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of top coal caving hydraulic supports, in particular to a top coal caving hydraulic support with an anti-skid buffer device, which comprises a hydraulic support base, a stable positioning mechanism and a buffer supporting mechanism, support columns are connected to the hydraulic support base in an array manner, a top beam is fixedly arranged on the support columns, a first mounting seat is fixedly mounted on the upper side of the hydraulic support base, and a second mounting seat is fixedly mounted on the lower side of the first mounting seat. Two first round rods are fixedly connected to the interior of the first mounting base, and a second mounting base is fixedly connected to the lower side of the top beam. Through the linkage design of the rotating shaft and the rotating plate and in combination with an elastic buffering mechanism of the first spring and the second spring, controllable buffering descending is achieved when the top beam is subjected to an impact load, and the problem that a stand column suddenly descends due to too fast pressure relief of a safety valve is effectively solved; the phenomenon that workers are injured due to the fact that the descending speed of the top beam is too high when the top beam is pressed by a top plate is avoided, safety of the workers is guaranteed, overall stability and normal operation of the top coal caving hydraulic support are guaranteed, and the phenomenon that the hydraulic support slides on a large-dip-angle working face or a downward mining working face is effectively prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of top coal caving hydraulic supports, in particular to a top coal caving hydraulic support with an anti-skid buffer device. Background Art

[0002] The coal seam inclination in 35% of my country's mining areas is greater than 25°, and the rate of coal support collapse accidents in large-angle fully-mechanized mining faces is as high as 12 times per million tons. The hydraulic support for top coal caving is the core support equipment for fully-mechanized mining faces in thick coal seams (6-20m). The hydraulic system realizes the coordinated operation of roof support and top coal recovery. As coal mining develops towards greater mining depth, large inclination (>25°) and strong mine pressure conditions, the support needs to withstand higher working resistance and complex dynamic load impact.

[0003] The current mainstream technology is mainly based on low-position top coal caving supports, which adopt a four-link support structure and a tail beam plug-in type coal caving mechanism. It is suitable for conditions with an average mining height of 4 to 5 meters and a coal seam thickness of more than 16 meters. It has poor lateral stability. In large-angle working faces, the tangential component of the support gravity increases, and the traditional four-link structure is difficult to offset lateral slippage. For example, when the coal seam inclination is greater than 10°, the amount of support sliding can reach a critical threshold, requiring reliance on adjustment jacks or manual reinforcement. In addition, the anti-slip effect drops sharply when the ground in the mining area is wet and soft. During cyclic pressure, the dynamic load peak can reach 2 to 3 times the static load. The traditional column safety valve has a response lag (>0.5 seconds), and the cylinder body is easily deformed by impact, especially in working faces with deep impact layers and thin bedrock, where the support instability rate increases by 40%. Although some supports use large-flow safety valves (ZF18000 / 21 / 38D type), the speed at which the columns descend is too fast, which increases the risk of sliding and collapse, making the hydraulic support unstable and easily causing personal injury, thereby affecting the safety of the top coal hydraulic support during use. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a top coal caving hydraulic support with an anti-skid buffer device to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A top coal caving hydraulic support with an anti-skid buffer device includes a hydraulic support base, a stabilizing positioning mechanism, and a buffer support mechanism. The hydraulic support base is connected to pillars in an array, and a top beam is fixedly provided on the pillars. A first mounting seat is fixedly installed on the upper side of the hydraulic support base, and two first round rods are fixedly connected to the interior of the first mounting seat. A second mounting seat is fixedly connected to the lower side of the top beam, and two second round rods are fixedly installed to the interior of the second mounting seat.

[0007] The two round rods 1 and 2 are both slidably connected to the first slide and the second slide, one side of the two first slides is rotatably connected to the rotating plate 1, and one side of the two second slides is rotatably connected to the rotating plate 2. The rotating plate 1 and the rotating plate 2 are internally rotatably installed with a rotating shaft, and the two first slides are respectively fixedly installed with a spring 1 between the mounting seat 1 and the mounting seat 2, and the two second slides are respectively fixedly installed with a spring 2 between the mounting seat 1 and the mounting seat 2.

[0008] Preferably, a shielding beam and a first baffle are respectively provided inside the top beam through the rotation of hydraulic cylinders, and a second baffle is provided inside the shielding beam through the rotation of hydraulic cylinders, one side of the shielding beam is located on one side of the top beam, and one side of the first baffle is located on the other side of the top beam, and four fixing seats 1 are fixedly installed on the lower side of the top beam, and one side of the shielding beam and the first baffle is fixedly connected to two fixing seats 2, and the interiors of the four fixing seats 1 are all rotatably connected to the first rotating plate, one side of the four first rotating plates are all rotatably connected to the second rotating plate, and one side of the four second rotating plates is rotatably connected to the interior of the fixing seat 2.

[0009] Preferably, the buffer support mechanism includes a support plate, a support plate is fixedly provided on one side of the top beam, a hydraulic cylinder 1 is fixedly installed on one side of the support plate, a fixed plate is fixedly connected to one side of the hydraulic cylinder 1, and two frame plates are fixedly connected to the outer surfaces of the two frame plates, two sliding rods are fixedly connected to the outer surfaces of the two sliding rods are slidably connected to the U-shaped plates, a third rotating plate is rotatably installed inside the two U-shaped plates, one side of the two third rotating plates is rotatably connected to the tail beam buffer seat, two springs 3 are fixedly connected between the two U-shaped plates, one side of the tail beam buffer seat is located below the shielding beam, and a rubber block array is connected to one side of the tail beam buffer seat.

[0010] Preferably, the stable positioning mechanism includes a base, a base is fixedly installed on the upper side of the hydraulic support base, a double-headed screw is rotatably connected to the inside of the base, the outer surface of the double-headed screw is threadedly connected to two symmetrically distributed mobile frames, the lower sides of the two mobile frames are slidably connected to a first group of ground-engaging nails distributed in an array, the bottom end of the inside of the hydraulic support base is slidably connected to a second group of ground-engaging nails, and the outer surfaces of the first group of ground-engaging nails and the second group of ground-engaging nails are both connected in an array with oblique barbs for positioning the hydraulic support.

[0011] Preferably, the upper side of the first group of ground-sunk nails passes through the mobile frame and extends to the upper side of the mobile frame, a horizontal plate is fixedly installed on the upper side of the first group of ground-sunk nails, the upper side of the second group of ground-sunk nails passes through the hydraulic support base and extends to the upper side of the hydraulic support base, an L-shaped plate is fixedly provided on the upper side of the two mobile frames, one side of the two L-shaped plates is fixedly provided with a hydraulic cylinder 2, one side of the two hydraulic cylinders 2 is fastened to the horizontal plate, a top plate is fixedly installed on the upper side of the second group of ground-sunk nails, telescopic plates are slidably installed at both ends of the top plate, and one side of the two telescopic plates is fastened to the horizontal plate.

[0012] Preferably, a side plate is fixedly mounted on the upper side of the base, a sprocket rotating rod is rotatably mounted on one side of the side plate through a servo motor, and a driven sprocket is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the double-headed screw.

[0013] Preferably, a chain is sleeved between the sprocket rotating rod and the driven sprocket, the interior of the base is fixedly connected to a limit rod, and the outer surface of the limit rod is slidably connected to the interior of the movable frame.

[0014] Preferably, a protective cover for protecting the sprocket rotating rod is fixedly provided on the upper side of the base, and both ends of the base are connected in an array with baffles for blocking coal dust, and the baffles are made of plastic material.

[0015] Preferably, the rotating plate 1 is located inside the rotating plate 2, and the rotating plate 1 and the rotating plate 2 are cross-arranged. The upper side of the hydraulic support base is fixedly connected with two symmetrically distributed U-shaped seats 1, and the interiors of the two U-shaped seats 1 are both rotatably connected with movable plates.

[0016] Preferably, one side of the two movable plates is clamped with an insertion rod, and the upper side of the hydraulic support base is fixedly connected with two symmetrically distributed U-shaped seats 2, and the interiors of the two U-shaped seats 2 are provided with a through circular groove, and one side of the insertion rod is clamped and placed inside the circular groove.

[0017] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0018] 1. The present invention adopts the linkage design of the rotating shaft and the rotating plate, combined with the elastic buffer mechanism of spring 1 and spring 2, to achieve controllable buffering and descent when the top beam is subjected to impact load, effectively preventing the problem of sudden drop of the column caused by excessive pressure relief of the safety valve. The device not only provides stable support, but also absorbs impact energy through the synergistic effect of the slide plate and the spring, thereby improving the stability and safety of the bracket under the condition of top plate fracture, and ensuring the safety of personnel and equipment.

[0019] 2. The present invention utilizes a hydraulic cylinder-driven tail beam buffer seat and a rotating plate structure to form a multi-level elastic support for the shield beam. When the shield beam slides down under pressure, the combination of spring three and the U-shaped plate can dynamically disperse the load. At the same time, the rotation of the first and second rotating plates enhances the support strength and prevents the spread of collapse accidents. This design greatly improves the support's anti-collapse ability under complex geological conditions, ensuring continuous safe operation of the working face.

[0020] 3. The present invention adopts a double-headed screw adjustment mechanism driven by a servo motor, in conjunction with hydraulic cylinder 2 and a telescopic plate, to achieve precise positioning and quick insertion and removal of the ground nail group. The oblique barb design enhances the anchoring force and prevents the bracket from sliding or tipping over. The barb can be retracted when the bracket is moved, taking into account both stability and flexibility, which is beneficial to significantly improve the adaptability and anti-displacement ability of the bracket under different geological conditions and reduce the risk of tipping over. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, those skilled in the art can derive other drawings based on these drawings without inventive effort.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Installation diagram of transfer plate 1, transfer plate 2 and rotating shaft;

[0024] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first rotating plate and the second rotating plate;

[0025] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Installation diagram of the middle hydraulic cylinder and the fixed plate;

[0026] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 Installation diagram of the third rotating plate and tail beam buffer seat;

[0027] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Installation diagram of the middle top plate and telescopic plate;

[0028] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the first group of ground-sunk nails and oblique barbs.

[0029] The reference numerals in the figures are as follows:

[0030] 1. Hydraulic support base; 2. Support pillar; 3. Top beam; 4. Shield beam; 5. Mounting seat 1; 6. Round rod 1; 7. First slide plate; 8. Turn plate 1; 9. Second slide plate; 10. Turn plate 2; 11. Rotating axis; 12. Mounting seat 2; 13. Round rod 2; 14. First baffle plate; 15. Spring 1; 16. Spring 2; 17. Second baffle plate; 18. Fixed seat 1; 19. Fixed seat 2; 20. First rotating plate; 21. Second rotating plate; 22. Support plate; 23. Hydraulic cylinder 1; 24. Fixed plate; 25. Frame plate; 26. Sliding rod; 27. U-shaped plate; 2 8. Third rotating plate; 29. ​​Tail beam buffer seat; 30. Rubber block; 31. Spring three; 32. U-shaped seat one; 33. Movable plate; 34. Insert rod; 35. U-shaped seat two; 36. Circular groove; 37. Base; 38. Double-headed screw; 39. Moving frame; 40. First set of sunken nails; 41. Second set of sunken nails; 42. Oblique barbed piece; 43. Horizontal plate; 44. L-shaped plate; 45. Hydraulic cylinder two; 46. Top plate; 47. Telescopic plate; 48. Baffle bar; 49. Limit rod; 50. Side plate; 51. Sprocket rotating rod; 52. Driven sprocket; 66. Protective cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] A hydraulic support for top coal caving with an anti-skid buffer device, such as Figure 1-7 As shown, it includes a hydraulic support base 1, a stable positioning mechanism and a buffer support mechanism. The hydraulic support base 1 is connected to a support column 2 in an array, and a top beam 3 is fixedly provided on the support column 2. A mounting seat 1 5 is fixedly installed on the upper side of the hydraulic support base 1, and two round rods 1 6 are fixedly connected to the interior of the mounting seat 1 5. A mounting seat 2 12 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the top beam 3, and two round rods 2 13 are fixedly installed to the interior of the mounting seat 2 12.

[0033] The two round rods 1 6 and the two round rods 13 are both slidably connected to the first slide 7 and the second slide 9. One side of the two first slides 7 is rotatably connected to the rotating plate 1 8, and one side of the two second slides 9 is rotatably connected to the rotating plate 2 10. The rotating shaft 11 is rotatably installed inside the rotating plate 1 8 and the rotating plate 2 10. A spring 15 is fixedly installed between the two first slides 7 and the mounting seat 1 5 and the mounting seat 2 12 respectively. A spring 2 16 is fixedly installed between the two second slides 9 and the mounting seat 1 5 and the mounting seat 2 12 respectively.

[0034] By installing and using spring 15 and spring 2 16, spring 15 and spring 2 16 can elastically support the two rotating plates 1 8 and 10, so that the two rotating plates are elastically supported below the top beam 3, so that the top beam 3 is not easy to slide down.

[0035] The interior of the top beam 3 is respectively provided with a shielding beam 4 and a first baffle 14 which are rotated by hydraulic cylinders. The interior of the shielding beam 4 is provided with a second baffle 17 which is rotated by hydraulic cylinders. One side of the shielding beam 4 is located on one side of the top beam 3, and one side of the first baffle 14 is located on the other side of the top beam 3. Four fixing seats 18 are fixedly installed on the lower side of the top beam 3. One side of the shielding beam 4 and the first baffle 14 are fixedly connected to two fixing seats 2 19. The interiors of the four fixing seats 18 are all rotatably connected to the first rotating plate 20. One side of the four first rotating plates 20 are all rotatably connected to the second rotating plate 21. One side of the four second rotating plates 21 is rotatably connected to the interior of the fixing seat 2 19.

[0036] The buffer support mechanism includes a support plate 22, a support plate 22 is fixedly provided on one side of the top beam 3, a hydraulic cylinder 23 is fixedly installed on one side of the support plate 22, a fixed plate 24 is fixedly connected to one side of the hydraulic cylinder 23, and two frame plates 25 are fixedly connected to the outer surfaces of the two frame plates 25. The outer surfaces of the two slide rods 26 are slidably connected to U-shaped plates 27. The interiors of the two U-shaped plates 27 are rotatably installed with third rotating plates 28. One side of the two third rotating plates 28 is rotatably connected to the tail beam buffer seat 29. The two U-shaped plates 27 are fixedly connected to each other. Two springs three 31, one side of the tail beam buffer seat 29 is located below the shielding beam 4, and one side of the tail beam buffer seat 29 is connected to a rubber block 30 in an array. Through the setting of the spring three 31, the elastic force of the spring three 31 can allow the two U-shaped plates 27 to slide and adjust, and the tail beam buffer seats 29 at the two third rotating plates 28 can support the shielding beam 4. When the spring three 31 is compressed to the limit, the fixed plate 24 and the tail beam buffer seat 29 can firmly support the shielding beam 4, and the rubber blocks 30 on the two tail beam buffer seats 29 can further buffer and support the shielding beam 4, thereby improving the safety of the shielding beam 4.

[0037] The stable positioning mechanism includes a base 37. The base 37 is fixedly installed on the upper side of the hydraulic support base 1. The base 37 is rotatably connected to a double-headed screw 38 inside. The outer surface of the double-headed screw 38 is threadedly connected to two symmetrically distributed mobile frames 39. The lower sides of the two mobile frames 39 are slidably connected to a first group of ground-entrapped nails 40 distributed in an array. The bottom end of the hydraulic support base 1 is slidably connected to a second group of ground-entrapped nails 41. The outer surfaces of the first group of ground-entrapped nails 40 and the second group of ground-entrapped nails 41 are both connected in an array with oblique barbed pieces 42 for positioning the hydraulic support. Through the setting of the oblique barbed pieces 42, the oblique barbed pieces 42 can limit the first group of ground-entrapped nails 40 and the second group of ground-entrapped nails 41, so that the ground-entrapped nails are not easily loosened or detached in the ground.

[0038] The upper side of the first set of ground nails 40 passes through the mobile frame 39 and extends to the upper side of the mobile frame 39. A horizontal plate 43 is fixedly installed on the upper side of the first set of ground nails 40. The upper side of the second set of ground nails 41 passes through the hydraulic support base 1 and extends to the upper side of the hydraulic support base 1. An L-shaped plate 44 is fixed on the upper side of the two mobile frames 39. One side of the two L-shaped plates 44 is fixed with a hydraulic cylinder 2 45. One side of the two hydraulic cylinders 2 45 is fastened to the horizontal plate 43. The model of the hydraulic cylinder 2 45 is HSG. 80 / 60E-1100, a top plate 46 is fixedly installed on the upper side of the second group of ground-engaging nails 41, and telescopic plates 47 are slidably installed on both ends of the top plate 46. One side of the two telescopic plates 47 is fastened to the cross plate 43. Through the installation and use of the top plate 46 and the telescopic plates 47, the two telescopic plates 47 can be telescopically adjusted at the top plate 46. When the hydraulic cylinder 2 45 drives the cross plate 43 to move downward, it can also drive the second group of ground-engaging nails 41 at the top plate 46 to move downward, so that the first group of ground-engaging nails 40 and the second group of ground-engaging nails 41 can be used to position the entire hydraulic support base 1.

[0039] A side plate 50 is fixedly mounted on the upper side of the base 37 , and a sprocket rotating rod 51 is mounted on one side of the side plate 50 via a servo motor. The model of the servo motor is SMBL-60P. A driven sprocket 52 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the double-headed screw 38 .

[0040] A chain is sleeved between the sprocket rotating rod 51 and the driven sprocket 52. The interior of the base 37 is fixedly connected to a limit rod 49. The outer surface of the limit rod 49 is slidably connected to the interior of the mobile frame 39. The limit rod 49 can be used to limit and guide the moving trajectories of the two mobile frames 39, so that the two mobile frames 39 can drive the first group of ground nails 40 to adjust and move smoothly, so as to flexibly adjust the support position and reinforce the top coal hydraulic support.

[0041] A protective cover 66 for protecting the sprocket rotating rod 51 is fixedly provided on the upper side of the base 37. Both ends of the base 37 are connected in an array with baffles 48 for blocking coal dust. The baffles 48 are made of plastic material. The protective cover 66 can protect the sprocket rotating rod 51, the chain and the servo motor, and has good protection. The baffles 48 will not block the movement of the two movable frames 39. At the same time, the baffles 48 can also block coal dust and reduce the impact of coal dust on the double-headed screw 38.

[0042] Turntable 1 8 is located inside turntable 2 10 , and turntable 1 8 and turntable 2 10 are cross-arranged. Two symmetrically distributed U-shaped seats 1 32 are fixedly connected to the upper side of the hydraulic support base 1 , and movable plates 33 are rotatably connected inside the two U-shaped seats 1 32 .

[0043] One side of the two movable plates 33 is clamped with an insertion rod 34, and the upper side of the hydraulic support base 1 is fixedly connected with two symmetrically distributed U-shaped seats 2 35. The interior of the two U-shaped seats 2 35 is provided with a through circular groove 36, and one side of the insertion rod 34 is clamped and placed inside the circular groove 36. The movable plate 33 can be rotated to the adjacent hydraulic support base 1, so that the movable plate 33 can enter the U-shaped seat 2 35 of the adjacent hydraulic support base 1, and then the insertion rod 34 is clamped into the circular groove 36 of the U-shaped seat 2 35 and the movable plate 33, which is used to increase the stability between adjacent hydraulic supports and effectively prevent the hydraulic supports from slipping on large-angle working surfaces or downward mining working surfaces.

[0044] When the present invention is in use, the two rotating plates can be rotated and adjusted relative to each other by utilizing the rotating shaft 11 to form a support buffer device. When the top beam 3 is subjected to the impact load of the top plate fracture, the safety valve of the hydraulic support is opened when the safety threshold is exceeded. The buffer device can effectively prevent the problem of the large-flow safety valve releasing pressure too quickly and causing the column to fall rapidly. Specifically, the rotating plate 1 8 and the rotating plate 2 10 can be rotated and adjusted together. At this time, the two second slides 9 and the two first slides 7 at the two rotating plates can be slid and adjusted on the two round rods 2 13 and the two round rods 1 6 respectively, so that the two rotating plates are used to synchronously support the top beam 3, and can provide stable and safe buffer support for the top beam 3, ensuring the stability and safety of the entire top coal caving hydraulic support and protecting the safety of the staff. If the top beam 3 falls rapidly, the rotating plate 1 8 and the rotating plate 2 10 can be rotated to allow the two groups of first slides 7 and second slides 9 to move away from each other, so as to compress the spring 1 15 and the spring 2 16. In this way, the elastic force of the two groups of springs can elastically support the two rotating plates, so that the top beam 3 can be buffered and lowered within a certain range, thereby ensuring the overall stability and normal operation of the top coal caving hydraulic support.

[0045] By starting the hydraulic cylinder 1 23, the hydraulic cylinder 1 23 can drive the fixed plate 24 to extend and adjust, so that the two tail beam buffer seats 29 can fit and support under the shield beam 4. If the shield beam 4 slides down and collapses, the pressure of the shield beam 4 can be transmitted to the two tail beam buffer seats 29, and then the two tail beam buffer seats 29 will rotate the two sets of third rotating plates 28 downward, allowing the two sets of U-shaped plates 27 equipped with springs 31 to move relative to each other on the slide rod 26. In this way, the elastic force of the springs 31 can allow the two tail beam buffer seats 29 to elastically support the shield beam 4, preventing the shield beam 4 from further sliding down and collapsing, thereby improving the safety of the top coal hydraulic support operation. At the same time, the two sets of first rotating plates 20 and second rotating plates 21 can be used to rotate and support under the shield beam 4 and the first baffle 14 in turn, increasing the supporting strength of the shield beam 4 and the first baffle 14 when in use;

[0046] By starting the servo motor, the output shaft of the servo motor drives the sprocket rotating rod 51 to rotate, and then the chain and the driven sprocket 52 on the sprocket rotating rod 51 are used to make the sprocket rotating rod 51 drive the double-headed screw 38 to rotate together. At this time, the two moving frames 39 on the double-headed screw 38 can move relatively, so that the first group of ground nails 40 can be adaptively adjusted. Then the two hydraulic cylinders 45 are started. The two hydraulic cylinders 45 can extend and move to drive the two groups of first ground nails 40 at the cross plate 43 to move downward, and then cooperate with the top plate 46 to move downward. The two telescopic plates 47 are telescopically movable so that the first group of ground nails 40 and the second group of ground nails 41 can enter the ground of the mining area together, which plays a role in fixing and limiting the hydraulic support, thereby improving the stability of the top coal caving hydraulic support during use. In combination with the oblique barb pieces 42 at the ground nails, the ground nails can be prevented from loosening, and the top coal caving hydraulic support can be prevented from sliding and tipping, thereby ensuring the safe and reliable use of the top coal caving hydraulic support, with good safety. At the same time, when the working face is moved, the oblique barb pieces 42 are retracted and the first group of ground nails 40 and the second group of ground nails 41 are raised.

[0047] The basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Various changes and modifications may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the invention as claimed.

Claims

1. A top coal caving hydraulic support with an anti-skid buffer device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a hydraulic support base (1), a stabilizing positioning mechanism and a buffer support mechanism, wherein the hydraulic support base (1) is connected to a support column (2) in an array, the support column (2) is fixedly provided with a top beam (3), a mounting seat (5) is fixedly installed on the upper side of the hydraulic support base (1), two round rods (6) are fixedly connected to the interior of the mounting seat (5), a mounting seat (12) is fixedly connected to the lower side of the top beam (3), and two round rods (13) are fixedly installed to the interior of the mounting seat (12); The two round rods (6) and the two round rods (13) are both slidably connected to a first slide plate (7) and a second slide plate (9); one side of the two first slide plates (7) is rotatably connected to a rotating plate (8); one side of the two second slide plates (9) is rotatably connected to a rotating plate (10); a rotating shaft (11) is rotatably installed inside the rotating plate (8) and the rotating plate (10); a spring (15) is fixedly installed between the two first slide plates (7) and the mounting seat (5) and the mounting seat (12); and a spring (16) is fixedly installed between the two second slide plates (9) and the mounting seat (5) and the mounting seat (12).

2. The top coal caving hydraulic support with an anti-skid buffer device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The interior of the top beam (3) is provided with a shielding beam (4) and a first baffle (14) which are rotated by hydraulic cylinders respectively. The interior of the shielding beam (4) is provided with a second baffle (17) which is rotated by hydraulic cylinders. One side of the shielding beam (4) is located on one side of the top beam (3), and one side of the first baffle (14) is located on the other side of the top beam (3). Four fixing seats (18) are fixedly installed on the lower side of the top beam (3). One side of the shielding beam (4) and the first baffle (14) are fixedly connected to two fixing seats (19). The interiors of the four fixing seats (18) are all rotatably connected to first rotating plates (20). One side of the four first rotating plates (20) is all rotatably connected to second rotating plates (21). One side of the four second rotating plates (21) is rotatably connected to the interior of the fixing seat (19).

3. The top coal caving hydraulic support with an anti-skid buffer device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer support mechanism comprises a support plate (22), a support plate (22) is fixedly provided on one side of the top beam (3), a hydraulic cylinder (23) is fixedly installed on one side of the support plate (22), a fixed plate (24) is fixedly connected to one side of the hydraulic cylinder (23), two frame plates (25) are fixedly connected to one side of the fixed plate (24), two sliding rods (26) are fixedly connected to the outer surfaces of the two frame plates (25), a U-shaped plate (27) is slidably connected to the outer surfaces of the two sliding rods (26), a third rotating plate (28) is rotatably installed inside the two U-shaped plates (27), one side of the two third rotating plates (28) is rotatably connected to a tail beam buffer seat (29), two springs (31) are fixedly connected between the two U-shaped plates (27), one side of the tail beam buffer seat (29) is located below the shielding beam (4), and one side of the tail beam buffer seat (29) is connected in array with rubber blocks (30).

4. The top coal caving hydraulic support with an anti-skid buffer device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stable positioning mechanism comprises a base (37), the upper side of the hydraulic support base (1) is fixedly mounted with the base (37), the inner portion of the base (37) is rotatably connected to a double-headed screw (38), the outer surface of the double-headed screw (38) is threadedly connected to two symmetrically distributed moving frames (39), the lower sides of the two moving frames (39) are both slidably connected to a first group of ground-entrapped nails (40) distributed in an array, the bottom end of the hydraulic support base (1) is slidably connected to a second group of ground-entrapped nails (41), and the outer surfaces of the first group of ground-entrapped nails (40) and the second group of ground-entrapped nails (41) are both array-connected to oblique barbed pieces (42) for positioning the hydraulic support.

5. The top coal caving hydraulic support with an anti-skid buffer device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper side of the first group of ground-entrapped nails (40) passes through the movable frame (39) and extends to the upper side of the movable frame (39); a transverse plate (43) is fixedly installed on the upper side of the first group of ground-entrapped nails (40); the upper side of the second group of ground-entrapped nails (41) passes through the hydraulic support base (1) and extends to the upper side of the hydraulic support base (1); an L-shaped plate (44) is fixedly installed on the upper side of the two movable frames (39); a hydraulic cylinder 2 (45) is fixedly installed on one side of the two L-shaped plates (44); one side of the two hydraulic cylinders 2 (45) is fastened to the transverse plate (43); a top plate (46) is fixedly installed on the upper side of the second group of ground-entrapped nails (41); telescopic plates (47) are slidably installed at both ends of the top plate (46); one side of the two telescopic plates (47) is fastened to the transverse plate (43).

6. The top coal caving hydraulic support with an anti-skid buffer device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A side plate (50) is fixedly mounted on the upper side of the base (37), a sprocket rotating rod (51) is mounted on one side of the side plate (50) for rotation via a servo motor, and a driven sprocket (52) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the double-headed lead screw (38).

7. The top coal caving hydraulic support with an anti-skid buffer device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A chain is sleeved between the sprocket rotating rod (51) and the driven sprocket (52); the interior of the base (37) is fixedly connected to a limiting rod (49); and the outer surface of the limiting rod (49) is slidably connected to the interior of the moving frame (39).

8. The top coal caving hydraulic support with an anti-skid buffer device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A protective cover (66) for protecting the sprocket rotating rod (51) is fixedly provided on the upper side of the base (37). Both ends of the base (37) are connected in an array with blocking bars (48) for blocking coal dust. The blocking bars (48) are made of plastic material.

9. The top coal caving hydraulic support with an anti-skid buffer device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating plate 1 (8) is located inside the rotating plate 2 (10), and the rotating plate 1 (8) and the rotating plate 2 (10) are cross-arranged. The upper side of the hydraulic support base (1) is fixedly connected with two symmetrically distributed U-shaped seats 1 (32), and the interiors of the two U-shaped seats 1 (32) are both rotatably connected with movable plates (33).

10. The top coal caving hydraulic support with an anti-skid buffer device according to claim 9, characterized in that: One side of the two movable plates (33) is clamped with an insertion rod (34), and the upper side of the hydraulic support base (1) is fixedly connected with two symmetrically distributed U-shaped seats (35). The inside of the two U-shaped seats (35) is provided with a through circular groove (36), and one side of the insertion rod (34) is clamped and placed inside the circular groove (36).

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