A high-pressure pump for an automobile and a pressure self-adaptive adjusting method thereof

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of automobile parts, in particular to a high-pressure pump for automobiles and a pressure self-adaptive adjusting method thereof. The high-pressure pump comprises a pump body and a pump cover. The pump body is internally provided with a piston cavity, a piston, an oil inlet channel containing an inlet controller, an oil discharge channel containing an oil discharge valve, a distribution cavity containing an oil discharge joint, an oil distributor and a thrust bearing, an oil return channel containing a pressure relief valve, a pressure relief oil channel, a connecting oil channel and a sliding sleeve cavity. The lower end of the piston is coaxially provided with an extension rod, and the extension rod keeps the lowest position through an outer spring frame, an outer spring seat and an outer spring. The pressure relief oil channel and the oil return channel are communicated with the inner cavity of the pump cover. The connecting oil channel is communicated with the inner cavity of the pump cover and the sliding sleeve cavity. The pressure self-adaptive adjusting method comprises oil inlet, compression oil discharge, overpressure oil discharge and pressure self-adaptive adjustment. The high-pressure pump for automobiles and the pressure self-adaptive adjusting method thereof can realize real-time adaptive adjustment of fuel pressure, and are suitable for engines under various fuel pressure working conditions.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of automobile parts, in particular to a high-pressure pump for automobiles and a pressure self-adaptive adjusting method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Fuel pumps are the core components of fuel supply systems for internal combustion engines, and their development has gone through an evolution process from mechanical to electronic control and from low pressure to high pressure to meet the needs of different fuel injection technologies.

[0003] The fuel pump in the early engine provides low pressure, and its role is to deliver fuel from the tank to the carburetor; initially, the mechanical diaphragm fuel pump driven by the camshaft of the engine performs reciprocating oil suction and pumping; later, with the advent of electronic fuel injection technology, the mechanical pump is replaced by an electric low-pressure fuel pump installed in the tank.

[0004] With the development of engine technology towards in-cylinder direct injection and diesel common rail, traditional low-pressure fuel pumps cannot meet the needs, and high-pressure fuel pumps have emerged as the times require; gasoline is directly injected into the cylinder through high pressure to achieve better atomization effect and combustion efficiency; diesel is supplied to the high-pressure rail, and the constant-pressure diesel in the high-pressure rail is supplied to the engine through the high-pressure common rail system.

[0005] Currently, there are two ways to adjust the high-pressure fuel pump, one of which is software control, which adjusts the high-pressure fuel pump through the car's computer control module to ensure the compression pressure of the fuel. Hardware control, by changing the stroke of the piston or the interval of the oil inlet valve opening and closing, optimizes the fuel supply efficiency; multi-piston structure, reduces pressure pulsation, improves oil supply stability.

[0006] In a conventional high-pressure pump, the speed of the high-pressure pump, the stroke of the high-pressure pump piston, and the oil supply pressure are adjusted by pressure signal data; and in terms of universality, the oil supply pressure is adjusted by different check valves. However, the real-time data acquisition in actual working conditions is poor, and the control signal has a low success rate; the cost of adjusting the oil supply pressure by replacing the check valve is high. SUMMARY

[0007] To solve the technical problems in the background art, the present application provides a high-pressure pump for automobiles and a pressure self-adaptive adjusting method thereof, which performs real-time adaptive adjustment of fuel pressure; and is suitable for engines with various fuel pressure working conditions.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by the present application is:

[0009] A high-pressure pump for automobiles, comprising:

[0010] The pump body and the pump cover are connected to each other in a sealed manner, the pump body is centrally downwardly open and is provided with a piston cavity, a piston is arranged in the piston cavity, the lower end of the piston is coaxially provided with an outer extension rod which is in transmission connection with a cam plate, the lower end of the pump body is provided with an outer spring holder, the lower part of the outer extension rod is fixedly provided with an outer spring seat, an outer spring is arranged between the outer spring holder and the outer spring seat in an abutting manner, the upper part of the piston cavity is in communication with an oil inlet channel and an oil outlet channel which respectively extend to the outer side wall of the pump body, the oil inlet channel and the oil outlet channel are oppositely arranged and are perpendicular to the piston cavity, an inlet controller is arranged in the oil inlet channel in a sealed manner, and an oil outlet valve is arranged in the oil outlet channel in a sealed manner.

[0011] The pump body is provided with an oil return channel above the oil outlet channel, the oil return channel is provided with a pressure relief valve which is opposite to the oil outlet valve in direction, the outer side wall of the pump body is provided with a distribution cavity which is in communication with the oil outlet channel and the oil return channel, the distribution cavity extends to the outer side wall of the pump body and is provided with a discharge joint in a sealed connection manner, the distribution cavity is provided with a distribution device which is in abutting connection with the oil outlet valve and the pressure relief valve, and a thrust bearing is arranged between the distribution device and the discharge joint in an abutting manner.

[0012] Further, the pump cover is internally provided with a buffer.

[0013] The pump body is provided with an upwardly open pressure relief oil channel at the end of the oil return channel, and the pressure relief oil channel is in communication with the chamber in which the buffer is arranged.

[0014] Further, the pressure relief oil channel is arranged in a spaced manner above the piston cavity.

[0015] Further, the pressure relief oil channel is arranged in a conical shape which is large at the top and small at the bottom.

[0016] Further, the side wall of the pressure relief oil channel on the opposite side of the oil return channel is provided with a clamping groove for clamping the pressure relief valve.

[0017] Further, the side wall of the piston cavity is inwardly recessed along the radial direction and is provided with a sliding sleeve cavity, the sliding sleeve cavity is internally provided with a sliding sleeve which is arranged in a sealed sliding manner, the sliding sleeve is arranged in a sealed and sleeved manner outside the piston, a return spring is arranged between the sliding sleeve cavity and the sliding sleeve in an abutting manner, and the sliding sleeve is kept at the lower part of the sliding sleeve cavity.

[0018] Further, the upper end of the sliding sleeve is upwardly open and is provided with an annular accommodating groove for accommodating the return spring.

[0019] Further, the pump body is provided with a connecting oil channel, and the two ends of the connecting oil channel are respectively located at the upper end surface of the pump body and the lower part of the sliding sleeve cavity.

[0020] A pressure self-adaptive adjusting method of a high-pressure pump for an automobile, comprising:

[0021] A, oil inlet:

[0022] The piston moves downwardly and draws fuel into the piston cavity.

[0023] B. Compression oil discharge:

[0024] The piston moves upward and compresses the fuel until the pressure pushes open the drain valve, allowing the compressed fuel to be discharged from the drain connector.

[0025] C. Overpressure oil leakage:

[0026] When the oil pressure reaches the drain pressure, the pressure relief valve will be pushed open and the compressed fuel will be discharged into the pump cover.

[0027] D. Pressure adaptive adjustment:

[0028] The oil pressure reaches the drain pressure and is supplied to the lower part of the sliding sleeve cavity through the connecting oil channel, and is balanced with the thrust of the return spring, thereby adjusting the position of the sliding sleeve in the sliding sleeve cavity, changing the volume of the piston cavity, adjusting the compressed fuel volume, and regulating the fuel compression pressure.

[0029] Furthermore, the step B, compressing and draining the oil, further comprises:

[0030] By changing the axial length of the two protruding rods on the oil distributor, the compression stroke of the oil drain valve and the pressure relief valve is adjusted, thereby calibrating the oil supply pressure and the oil relief pressure.

[0031] The beneficial effects of the automobile high-pressure pump of the present invention are:

[0032] 1. Depressurized fuel is supplied to the sleeve cavity through the connecting oil channel, balancing the thrust of the return spring, thereby changing the position of the sleeve and the volume of the piston cavity; the oil supply pressure is adaptively adjusted in real time;

[0033] 2. By changing the axial length of the protruding rod on the oil distributor, the compression stroke of the oil drain valve and the pressure relief valve can be adjusted to calibrate the oil supply pressure and oil drain pressure; it is suitable for engines with various fuel pressure conditions and improves versatility. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a front cross-section of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 It is a schematic front view cross-sectional view of the assembled state of an example of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 3 This is an example of the present invention Figure 2 Schematic cross-section of the middle AA;

[0037] Figure 4 This is an example of the present invention Figure 2 Schematic cross-section of the BB.

[0038] In the picture:

[0039] 10, pump body, 110, piston cavity, 111, oil inlet, 112, oil outlet, 113, distribution cavity, 114, oil return,

[0040] 115, pressure relief oil passage, 12, piston, 13, outer extension rod, 14, outer spring holder, 15, outer spring seat, 16, outer spring,

[0041] 17, oil outlet valve, 18, pressure relief valve, 19, sliding sleeve cavity,

[0042] 20, pump cover, 21, bumper,

[0043] 30, discharge port connector, 31, oil distributor, 32, thrust bearing,

[0044] 40, sliding sleeve, 41, return spring,

[0045] 50, connecting oil passage,

[0046] 60, inlet controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] In order to more clearly and definitely illustrate the specific implementation purposes and implementation manners of the present application, the technical solutions of the present application will be described completely below, and the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the described embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments that do not require creative labor belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0048] The present application is a high-pressure pump for automobiles, as shown in Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 The present application comprises:

[0049] The pump cover 20 and the pump body 10 are connected to each other in a sealed manner along the up-down direction.

[0050] The pump cover 20 is internally provided with a bumper 21.

[0051] The pump body 10 is centrally downwardly open and provided with a piston cavity 110, the side wall of the piston cavity 110 is inwardly recessed along the radial direction and provided with a sliding sleeve cavity 19, the sliding sleeve cavity 19 is sealingly and slidably provided with a sliding sleeve 40, the upper end of the sliding sleeve 40 is upwardly open and provided with an annular containing groove, the containing groove is provided with a return spring 41, the upper and lower ends of the return spring 41 are respectively in abutment with the upper end of the sliding sleeve cavity 19 and the bottom of the containing groove, and the sliding sleeve 40 is kept in the lower part of the sliding sleeve cavity 19, the sliding sleeve 40 is sealingly and slidably provided with a piston 12, the lower end of the piston 12 is coaxially provided with an outer extension rod 13 which is in transmission connection with a cam plate; the pump body 10 is provided with a connecting oil channel 50, the two ends of the connecting oil channel 50 are respectively located at the upper end surface of the pump body 10 and the lower part of the sliding sleeve cavity 19; the lower end of the piston cavity 110 is provided with an outer spring holder 14, the lower part of the outer extension rod 13 is fixedly provided with an outer spring seat 15, and the outer spring holder 14 and the outer spring seat 15 are in abutment and provided with an outer spring 16; the upper part of the piston cavity 110 is in communication and provided with an oil inlet channel 111 and an oil outlet channel 112 which respectively extend to the outer side wall of the pump body 10, the oil inlet channel 111 and the oil outlet channel 112 are oppositely arranged and perpendicular to the piston cavity 110; the oil inlet channel 111 is sealingly provided with an inlet controller 60 which is in electrical connection with an oil supply system, the oil outlet channel 112 is sealingly provided with an oil outlet valve 17, and the oil outlet valve 17 is arranged to be in communication from the piston cavity 110 to the oil outlet channel 112, and vice versa.

[0052] The pump body 10 above the oil outlet channel 112 is provided with an oil return channel 114, the oil return channel 114 is provided with a pressure relief valve 18 which is opposite to the oil outlet valve 17; the pump body 10 at the end of the oil return channel 114 is provided with an upwardly open pressure relief oil channel 115, the pressure relief oil channel 115 is arranged in the shape of a truncated cone with the upper part being larger and the lower part being smaller, the pressure relief oil channel 115 is in communication with a chamber where a buffer 21 is located, the pressure relief oil channel 115 is arranged in the direct upper part of the piston cavity 110, the side wall of the pressure relief oil channel 115 on the opposite side of the oil return channel 114 is provided with a clamping groove for clamping the pressure relief valve 18; the outer side wall of the pump body 10 is provided with a distribution cavity 113 which is in communication with the oil outlet channel 112 and the oil return channel 114, the side wall of the distribution cavity 113 is provided with a limiting part one, the distribution cavity 113 extends to the outer side wall of the pump body 10 and is sealingly and connectingly provided with a discharge port connector 30, the distribution cavity 113 is provided with a distribution device 31 which is in abutment with the oil outlet valve 17 and the pressure relief valve 18, the distribution device 31 and the discharge port connector 30 are in abutment and provided with a thrust bearing 32; the distribution device 31 is arranged in the shape of a ring, the side wall of the distribution device 31 is provided with a limiting part two which is in clamping connection with the limiting part one, one end of the distribution device 31 which faces the oil outlet channel 112 and the oil return channel 114 is protrudingly provided with a protruding rod, the protruding rod is provided with two and is respectively inserted into the oil outlet channel 112 and the oil return channel 114 and is in abutment with the oil outlet valve 17 and the pressure relief valve 18, the protruding rod which is in abutment with the oil outlet valve 17 is provided with an oil passing flow channel in the center, and the other end of the oil passing flow channel extends to the annular inner wall of the distribution device 31.

[0053] According to the specific structure of the high-pressure pump for an automobile in one of the above embodiments, the following describes a pressure self-adaptive adjusting method of the high-pressure pump for an automobile:

[0054] A, oil inlet:

[0055] The cam plate is away from the lower end of the outer extension rod 13, and under the elastic force of the outer spring 16, the piston 12 is moved downward; at the same time, the electromagnetic valve in the inlet controller 60 is opened and communicated with the low-pressure oil circuit; at this time, the fuel in the low-pressure oil circuit is drawn into the piston cavity 110; the electromagnetic valve in the inlet controller 60 is closed.

[0056] B, compression and oil discharge:

[0057] The cam plate is close to the lower end of the outer extension rod 13, and the outer extension rod 13 is lifted upward, so that the outer extension rod 13 drives the piston 12 to move upward and compress the fuel in the piston cavity 110, until the pressure pushes away the oil discharge valve 17, and the compressed fuel is discharged in sequence through the piston cavity 110, the oil discharge valve 17 in the oil discharge channel 112, the oil distributor 31 and the thrust bearing 32 in the distribution cavity 113, and the discharge port connector 30, and is supplied to the high-pressure oil rail.

[0058] By changing the axial length of the two protruding rods arranged on the oil distributor 31, the compression stroke of the oil discharge valve 17 and the pressure relief valve 18 is adjusted, so that the fuel supply pressure and the oil discharge pressure are calibrated.

[0059] C, overpressure oil discharge:

[0060] When the oil pressure in the high-pressure oil rail reaches the oil discharge pressure, the pressure relief valve 18 is pushed away, and the compressed fuel is discharged through the pressure relief valve 18 in the oil return channel 114 and the pressure relief oil channel 115 to the pump cover 20.

[0061] D, pressure self-adaptive adjustment:

[0062] The fuel in the pump cover 20 is discharged in sequence through the bumper 21 in the pump cover 20 and the connecting oil channel 50 to the lower part of the sliding sleeve cavity 19, and the thrust of the return spring 41 is balanced, so that the position of the sliding sleeve 40 in the sliding sleeve cavity 19 is adjusted, thereby changing the volume of the piston cavity 110; at this time, the stroke of the piston 12 is unchanged, and the amount of compressed fuel is adjusted, so that the compression pressure of the fuel is adjusted.

[0063] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Based on the above description, relevant personnel can make various changes and modifications without deviating from the technical concept of the present application. The technical scope of the present application is not limited to the contents in the specification, and any equivalent changes and modifications of the shape, structure, features and spirit of the present application within the scope of the present application are included in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A high-pressure pump for an automobile, comprising: Mutual sealing connection pump body (10), pump cover (20), the pump body (10) central downward open setting has piston cavity (110), the piston cavity (110) inside plug-in piston (12), the piston (12) lower end coaxial setting has with cam disk transmission connection outer extension rod (13), pump body (10) lower end setting has outer spring frame (14), the outer extension rod (13) lower part fixed setting has outer spring seat (15), the outer spring frame (14), outer spring seat (15) between abutment setting has outer spring (16), piston cavity (110) upper part is communicated and is provided with oil inlet (111), oil outlet (112) extending to the sidewall outside pump body (10) respectively, the oil inlet (111), oil outlet (112) are opposite and are perpendicular to piston cavity (110), the oil inlet (111) place sealing setting has import controller (60), the oil outlet (112) inside sealing setting has oil discharge valve (17), its characterized in that: The pump body (10) above oil outlet (112) is provided with oil return channel (114) in the pump body (10), the oil return channel (114) is provided with pressure relief valve (18) opposite to the direction of oil discharge valve (17), the sidewall outside pump body (10) is provided with distribution cavity (113) communicated with oil outlet (112) and oil return channel (114), the distribution cavity (113) extends to the sidewall outside pump body (10) and is sealingly connected with discharge joint (30), the distribution cavity (113) is provided with oil distributor (31) abutting with oil discharge valve (17) and pressure relief valve (18) respectively, the oil distributor (31) and discharge joint (30) are abutted with thrust bearing (32) between them; The sidewall of distribution cavity (113) is provided with limit part one, the oil distributor (31) is provided as a circular ring, the sidewall of oil distributor (31) is provided with limit part two engaged with limit part one, one end of oil distributor (31) facing oil outlet (112) and oil return channel (114) is provided with convex rod, the convex rod is provided with two and is inserted into oil outlet (112) and oil return channel (114) respectively and abuts with oil discharge valve (17) and pressure relief valve (18) respectively, the convex rod is provided with oil flow channel in the center abutting with oil discharge valve (17), the other end of oil flow channel extends to the annular inner wall of oil distributor (31).

2. The high-pressure pump for automobile according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pump cover (20) is provided with buffer (21) in the pump cover (20); The pump body (10) is provided with upwardly open pressure relief oil channel (115) at the end of the oil return channel (114), and the pressure relief oil channel (115) is communicated with the chamber where the buffer (21) is located.

3. The high-pressure pump for automobile according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pressure relief oil channel (115) is arranged in the upper part of the piston cavity (110).

4. The high-pressure pump for automobile according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pressure relief oil channel (115) is arranged as a truncated cone with the upper part being larger and the lower part being smaller.

5. The high-pressure pump for automobile according to claim 2, characterized in that: The side wall of the pressure relief oil passage (115) opposite to the oil return passage (114) is provided with a clamping groove for clamping the pressure relief valve (18).

6. The high-pressure pump for automobile according to any one of claims 2-5, characterized in that: The side wall of the piston cavity (110) is concave radially inwardly and provided with a sliding sleeve cavity (19), the sliding sleeve (40) is sealingly and slidingly arranged in the sliding sleeve cavity (19), the sliding sleeve (40) is sealingly and sleeved on the piston (12), the return spring (41) is arranged between the sliding sleeve cavity (19) and the sliding sleeve (40) and keeps the sliding sleeve (40) at the lower part of the sliding sleeve cavity (19).

7. The high-pressure pump for automobile according to claim 6, characterized in that: The upper end of the sliding sleeve (40) is provided with an annular accommodating groove for accommodating the return spring (41).

8. The high-pressure pump for automobile according to claim 6, characterized in that: The pump body (10) is provided with a connecting oil passage (50), and the two ends of the connecting oil passage (50) are located at the upper end surface of the pump body (10) and the lower part of the sliding sleeve cavity (19), respectively.

9. A pressure self-adaptive regulating method of a high-pressure pump for an automobile, the method being used for a high-pressure pump for an automobile according to claim 8, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: A. Oil inlet: The piston (12) moves downwardly and draws fuel into the piston cavity (110); B. Compression and oil discharge: The piston (12) moves upwardly and compresses the fuel until the pressure pushes away the oil discharge valve (17) and the compressed fuel is discharged from the discharge joint (30); C. Overpressure oil discharge: When the oil pressure reaches the oil discharge pressure, the pressure relief valve (18) is pushed away and the compressed fuel is discharged into the pump cover (20); D. Pressure self-adaptive adjustment: When the oil pressure reaches the oil discharge pressure, the connecting oil passage (50) supplies the lower part of the sliding sleeve cavity (19) and balances the thrust of the return spring (41), thereby adjusting the position of the sliding sleeve (40) in the sliding sleeve cavity (19), changing the volume of the piston cavity (110), adjusting the amount of compressed fuel, and adjusting the fuel compression pressure.

10. The pressure self-adaptive adjustment method of the high-pressure pump for automobile according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step B, compression and oil discharge, it further comprises: By changing the axial length of the two protruding rods arranged on the oil distributor (31), the compression stroke of the oil discharge valve (17) and the pressure relief valve (18) is adjusted, thereby calibrating the fuel supply pressure and the oil discharge pressure.

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