Urine analysis and urine sample detection method

Through the physical, chemical and microscopic detection in the urine analysis method, combined with ACK red blood cell lysis buffer, centrifugation and ultrafiltration membrane treatment, the problem of difficulty in identifying white blood cells and red blood cells in urine samples was solved, achieving higher detection precision and accuracy.

CN120610000APending Publication Date: 2025-09-09XIAMEN HUANUO HAIPU BIOTECHNOLOGY CO LTD
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Patent Information

Application Number
CN202510837331.9
Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Applications(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
Filing Date
2025-06-23
Publication Date
2025-09-09

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

In the existing technology, it is difficult to identify white blood cells and red blood cells in urine sample testing, resulting in frequent misdiagnosis and affecting the accuracy of disease diagnosis.

Method used

Urinalysis methods, including physical analysis, chemical testing, and microscopic testing, are used. Urine samples are processed using ACK red blood cell lysis buffer, centrifugation, and ultrafiltration membranes to separate and observe white blood cells and red blood cells, and are accurately counted using a high-power microscope.

Benefits of technology

It improves the detection accuracy of white blood cells and red blood cells in urine samples, reduces the risk of misdiagnosis, and ensures the accuracy of disease diagnosis.

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Abstract

The invention relates to the field of urine sample detection, in particular to a urine analysis and urine sample detection method which comprises the following steps: urine sampling, physical analysis, chemical detection and microscope detection. According to the invention, a worker can observe the number of white blood cells and the number of red blood cells in a urine sample through a high-power microscope, the red blood cells in the sample 1 are removed through ACK red blood cell lysis buffer, and the white blood cells in the sample 3 are removed through centrifugation and filtration; therefore, a worker can compare the number of the white blood cells in the sample 2 with the number of the white blood cells in the sample 1 and compare the number of the red blood cells in the sample 2 with the number of the red blood cells in the sample 3, so that the number of the white blood cells and the number of the red blood cells in the sample 2 can be rechecked; the detection accuracy of the number of white blood cells and the number of red blood cells in the urine sample is further improved.
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Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of urine sample detection, and in particular to a urine analysis and urine sample detection method. Background Art

[0002] Urinalysis is a common clinical test used to assess health and diagnose disease by examining the contents of urine. Urinalysis is an important medical procedure that provides doctors with diagnostic information by evaluating the physical, chemical, and microscopic properties of urine.

[0003] In the actual process of urine sample testing, factors such as the complexity of the urine sample, the operator's experience level, the resolution and magnification of the microscope may lead to difficulties in identifying white blood cells and red blood cells.

[0004] White blood cells (WBCs) and red blood cells (RBCs) represent distinct physiological and pathological conditions. Increased WBCs often indicate urinary tract infection, inflammation, or an immune response, while increased RBCs can indicate kidney disease, urinary tract injury, or bleeding. Confusion between the two can lead doctors to misjudge a patient's condition, potentially delaying treatment. Therefore, a method for detecting WBCs and RBCs in urine with improved accuracy is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art and to propose a urine analysis and urine sample detection method.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A method for urine analysis and urine sample testing comprises the following steps:

[0008] S1: urine sampling;

[0009] S2: physical analysis;

[0010] A: Lay the urine flat, look directly into the urine and observe its color;

[0011] B: Let the urine stand for 2 hours, then directly observe the transparency of the urine and check whether there is a trace of flocculent precipitation at the bottom of the urine;

[0012] C: The density of urine is measured by comparing the urine with a labeled specific gravity solution using a test tube instrument.

[0013] S3: chemical testing;

[0014] A: Use pH test paper to test the pH of urine to determine the pH value of urine;

[0015] B: Use protein test paper to test the protein content in urine and analyze the positive and negative and the strength of the protein in urine;

[0016] C: Use urine glucose test strips to test the glucose in the urine to determine the glucose content in the urine;

[0017] D: Use urine ketone test strips to test ketones in urine to determine the content of ketones in urine;

[0018] S4: microscopic examination;

[0019] A: Urine sample processing;

[0020] a: Take samples from the urine sample and divide them evenly into sample 1, sample 2 and sample 3;

[0021] b: ACK red blood cell lysis buffer was added to sample 1, and no substance was added to samples 2 and 3;

[0022] c: placing sample 3 into a centrifuge and centrifuging the sample 3 at high speed;

[0023] d: Take out the centrifuged sample 3 and separate the sediment at the bottom of the sample 3 from the supernatant above;

[0024] e: Filter the supernatant above sample 3 using an ultrafiltration membrane to intercept the residual leukocytes in the supernatant;

[0025] B: Urine sample observation:

[0026] a: Drop sample 1, sample 2 and sample 3 onto a glass slide and place a cover glass on the slide;

[0027] b: Use a high-power microscope to observe the white blood cell content and red blood cell content in sample 1, sample 2, and sample 3;

[0028] c: After the observation is completed, the white blood cell content and red blood cell content in sample 1, sample 2 and sample 3 are recorded in turn, and the white blood cell content and red blood cell content in sample 1, sample 2 and sample 3 are compared.

[0029] Preferably, in step S2-A, light yellow urine is the best color, while red, brownish yellow, milky white or turbid urine is not good.

[0030] Preferably, in the chemical detection step, multiple small samples are taken from the urine sample and multiple tests are performed on each of them using test strips.

[0031] Preferably, the main component of the ACK red blood cell lysis solution is ammonium chloride solution, and the concentration of the ammonium chloride solution is 10-20%.

[0032] Preferably, in step S4-Ac, the rotation speed of the centrifuge is 3000-3500 rpm, and the centrifugation time is 5-10 min.

[0033] Preferably, in step S4-Ae, the pore size of the ultrafiltration membrane is 10-12 μm, and the ultrafiltration membrane is provided in 3-4 layers.

[0034] Preferably, in step S4-Bb, the magnification of the high-power microscope is 10×40 times, and more than 10 fields of view are observed and counted.

[0035] Preferably, in step S4-Bc, the white blood cell content and the red blood cell content in sample 2 are both normal, and sample 2 is compared with sample 1 and sample 3 respectively.

[0036] Preferably, the white blood cell content in sample 2 is compared with the white blood cell content in sample 1, and the red blood cell content in sample 2 is compared with the red blood cell content in sample 3, so as to realize the review of the white blood cell content and the red blood cell content.

[0037] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: staff can observe the number of white blood cells and red blood cells in a urine sample through a high-power microscope, remove the red blood cells in sample 1 through ACK red blood cell lysis solution, and remove the white blood cells in sample 3 through centrifugation and filtration. This allows staff to compare the number of white blood cells in sample 2 with the number of white blood cells in sample 1, and compare the number of red blood cells in sample 2 with the number of red blood cells in sample 3, so as to review the number of white blood cells and red blood cells in sample 2, thereby further improving the accuracy of the detection of the number of white blood cells and red blood cells in the urine sample. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] A method for urine analysis and urine sample testing comprises the following steps:

[0039] S1: urine sampling;

[0040] S2: physical analysis;

[0041] A: Lay the urine flat, look directly into the urine and observe its color;

[0042] B: Let the urine stand for 2 hours, then directly observe the transparency of the urine and check whether there is a trace of flocculent precipitation at the bottom of the urine;

[0043] C: The density of urine is measured by comparing the urine with a labeled specific gravity solution using a test tube instrument.

[0044] S3: chemical testing;

[0045] A: Use pH test paper to test the pH of urine to determine the pH value of urine;

[0046] B: Use protein test paper to test the protein content in urine and analyze the positive and negative and the strength of the protein in urine;

[0047] C: Use urine glucose test strips to test the glucose in the urine to determine the glucose content in the urine;

[0048] D: Use urine ketone test strips to test ketones in urine to determine the content of ketones in urine;

[0049] S4: microscopic examination;

[0050] A: Urine sample processing;

[0051] a: Take samples from the urine sample and divide them evenly into sample 1, sample 2 and sample 3;

[0052] b: ACK red blood cell lysis buffer was added to sample 1, and no substance was added to samples 2 and 3;

[0053] c: placing sample 3 into a centrifuge and centrifuging the sample 3 at high speed;

[0054] d: Take out the centrifuged sample 3 and separate the sediment at the bottom of the sample 3 from the supernatant above;

[0055] e: Filter the supernatant above sample 3 using an ultrafiltration membrane to intercept the residual leukocytes in the supernatant;

[0056] B: Urine sample observation:

[0057] a: Drop sample 1, sample 2 and sample 3 onto a glass slide and place a cover glass on the slide;

[0058] b: Use a high-power microscope to observe the white blood cell content and red blood cell content in sample 1, sample 2, and sample 3;

[0059] c: After the observation is completed, the white blood cell content and red blood cell content in sample 1, sample 2 and sample 3 are recorded in turn, and the white blood cell content and red blood cell content in sample 1, sample 2 and sample 3 are compared.

[0060] Among them, in step S2-A, light yellow urine is the best color, while red, brown, milky white or turbid urine are not good. Light yellow urine is the standard color, and urine of other colors is not normal and needs further inspection.

[0061] In the chemical testing step, multiple small samples are taken from the urine sample and tested separately using test strips. This prevents the test strips from contaminating the urine sample during the testing process.

[0062] The main component of the ACK red blood cell lysis solution is ammonium chloride solution, and the concentration of the ammonium chloride solution is 10-20%. The ACK red blood cell lysis solution prepared using the ammonium chloride solution can lyse and remove the red blood cells in the urine of sample 1.

[0063] In step S4-Ac, the centrifuge speed is 3000-3500 rpm and the centrifugation time is 5-10 min. Through the setting of the centrifuge, the larger white blood cells in sample 3 can be centrifuged and removed.

[0064] In step S4-Ae, the pore size of the ultrafiltration membrane is 10-12 μm, and the ultrafiltration membrane is provided in 3-4 layers. By providing the ultrafiltration membrane, the leukocytes in the sample 3 can be further removed.

[0065] In step S4-Bb, the magnification of the high-power microscope is 10×40, and more than 10 fields of view are observed and counted. By observing and counting more than 10 fields of view, the accuracy of the number of white blood cells and red blood cells in urine can be improved.

[0066] In step S4-Bc, the white blood cell count and red blood cell count in sample 2 are both normal, and sample 2 is compared with sample 1 and sample 3. The white blood cell count in sample 2 is compared with the white blood cell count in sample 1, and the red blood cell count in sample 2 is compared with the red blood cell count in sample 3 to achieve a review of the white blood cell count and the red blood cell count.

[0067] In this embodiment, the user needs to first take a urine sample and then perform a physical analysis.

[0068] During a physical analysis, the urine needs to be placed flat, and its color needs to be observed directly. The urine is then allowed to sit for 2 hours. The clarity of the urine is then directly observed, along with any trace flocculent sediment at the bottom. Finally, the urine is compared to a labeled specific gravity solution using a test tube analyzer to determine its density.

[0069] Furthermore, the urine is chemically tested using pH test paper to test the pH of the urine to determine its pH value. Protein test paper is then used to test the protein content in the urine and analyze the positive and negative properties and strength of the protein in the urine. Urine glucose test paper is then used to test the glucose in the urine to determine the glucose content in the urine. Finally, urine ketone test paper is used to test the ketones in the urine to determine the content of ketone substances in the urine.

[0070] Furthermore, when performing microscopic testing, the urine sample needs to be processed first. It is only necessary to first take out the local sample from the urine sample and evenly divide it into sample 1, sample 2 and sample 3. Then add ACK red blood cell lysis buffer to sample 1, and do not add any substances to sample 2 and sample 3. Then put sample 3 into a centrifuge and centrifuge it at high speed. Then take out the centrifuged sample 3, and separate the sediment at the bottom of sample 3 from the supernatant above. Then use an ultrafiltration membrane to filter the supernatant above sample 3 to intercept the residual white blood cells in the supernatant.

[0071] Furthermore, when observing urine samples, simply drop Sample 1, Sample 2, and Sample 3 onto a glass slide and place a coverslip on the slide. Then, use a high-power microscope to observe the white blood cell count and red blood cell count in Sample 1, Sample 2, and Sample 3. After the observation is completed, the white blood cell count and red blood cell count in Sample 1, Sample 2, and Sample 3 are recorded in sequence and compared.

[0072] Furthermore, since the number of white blood cells and red blood cells in sample 2 are both normal, and due to the action of the ACK red blood cell lysis solution, the red blood cells in sample 1 can be removed, leaving only the white blood cells in sample 1. By centrifuging and filtering sample 3, the white blood cells in sample 3 can be removed, leaving only the red blood cells in sample 3. Therefore, the staff can compare the number of white blood cells in sample 2 with the number of white blood cells in sample 1, and compare the number of red blood cells in sample 2 with the number of red blood cells in sample 3, to achieve a review of the number of white blood cells and red blood cells in sample 2, and further improve the accuracy of the detection of the number of white blood cells and red blood cells in urine samples. It is also worth noting that the number of white blood cells or red blood cells in samples 1 and 3 is only for reference, and only the number of white blood cells and red blood cells in sample 2 have actual value.

[0073] In the present invention, the staff can observe the number of white blood cells and red blood cells in the urine sample through a high-power microscope, remove the red blood cells in sample 1 through ACK red blood cell lysis solution, and remove the white blood cells in sample 3 through centrifugation and filtration. This allows the staff to compare the number of white blood cells in sample 2 with the number of white blood cells in sample 1, and compare the number of red blood cells in sample 2 with the number of red blood cells in sample 3, so as to review the number of white blood cells and red blood cells in sample 2, and further improve the accuracy of the detection of the number of white blood cells and red blood cells in the urine sample.

[0074] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for urine analysis and urine sample testing, comprising the following steps: S1: urine sampling; S2: physical analysis; A: Lay the urine flat, look directly into the urine and observe its color; B: Let the urine stand for 2 hours, then directly observe the transparency of the urine and check whether there is a trace of flocculent precipitation at the bottom of the urine; C: The density of urine is measured by comparing the urine with a labeled specific gravity solution using a test tube instrument. S3: chemical testing; A: Use pH test paper to test the pH of urine to determine the pH value of urine; B: Use protein test paper to test the protein content in urine and analyze the positive and negative and the strength of the protein in urine; C: Use urine glucose test strips to test the glucose in the urine to determine the glucose content in the urine; D: Use urine ketone test strips to test ketones in urine to determine the content of ketones in urine; S4: microscopic examination; A: Urine sample processing; a: Take samples from the urine sample and divide them evenly into sample 1, sample 2 and sample 3; b: ACK red blood cell lysis buffer was added to sample 1, and no substance was added to samples 2 and 3; c: placing sample 3 into a centrifuge and centrifuging the sample 3 at high speed; d: Take out the centrifuged sample 3 and separate the sediment at the bottom of the sample 3 from the supernatant above; e: Filter the supernatant above sample 3 using an ultrafiltration membrane to intercept the residual leukocytes in the supernatant; B: Urine sample observation: a: Drop sample 1, sample 2 and sample 3 onto a glass slide and place a cover glass on the slide; b: Use a high-power microscope to observe the white blood cell content and red blood cell content in sample 1, sample 2, and sample 3; c: After the observation is completed, the white blood cell content and red blood cell content in sample 1, sample 2 and sample 3 are recorded in turn, and the white blood cell content and red blood cell content in sample 1, sample 2 and sample 3 are compared.

2. A urine analysis and urine sample detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2-A, light yellow urine is the best color, while red, brownish yellow, milky white or turbid urine is not good.

3. A urine analysis and urine sample detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the chemical detection step, multiple small samples are taken from the urine sample and multiple tests are performed on each of them using test strips.

4. A method for urine analysis and urine sample detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main component of the ACK red blood cell lysis solution is ammonium chloride solution, and the concentration of the ammonium chloride solution is 10-20%.

5. A urine analysis and urine sample detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S4-Ac, the rotation speed of the centrifuge is 3000-3500 rpm, and the centrifugation time is 5-10 min.

6. A method for urine analysis and urine sample detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S4-Ae, the pore size of the ultrafiltration membrane is 10-12 μm, and the ultrafiltration membrane is provided in 3-4 layers.

7. A urine analysis and urine sample detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4-Bb, the magnification of the high-power microscope is 10×40 times, and more than 10 fields of view are observed and counted.

8. A urine analysis and urine sample detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4-Bc, the white blood cell content and the red blood cell content in sample 2 are both normal, and sample 2 is compared with sample 1 and sample 3 respectively.

9. A urine analysis and urine sample detection method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The white blood cell content in the sample 2 is compared with the white blood cell content in the sample 1, and the red blood cell content in the sample 2 is compared with the red blood cell content in the sample 3, so as to realize the recheck of the white blood cell content and the red blood cell content.