Method and apparatus for transmitting reference signal based on channel busy rate

Abstract

A method of performing wireless communication by a first device and a device supporting the same are provided. The method may comprise the steps of: obtaining information related to a resource pool for transmitting a reference signal; measuring a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) for the resource pool on a channel busy rate (CBR) measurement window; and obtaining a CBR based on the measurement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to wireless communication systems. Background Art

[0002] 5G NR is the successor to Long Term Evolution (LTE) and a new mobile communications system with features such as high performance, low latency, and high availability. 5G NR can utilize all available spectrum resources, including low-frequency bands below 1 GHz, mid-frequency bands between 1 GHz and 10 GHz, and high-frequency (millimeter wave) bands above 24 GHz.

[0003] The 6G (wireless communication) system has goals such as (i) very high data rates per device, (ii) a very large number of connected devices, (iii) global connectivity, (iv) very low latency, (v) reduced energy consumption for battery-less IoT devices, (vi) ultra-reliable connectivity, and (vii) networked intelligence with machine learning capabilities. The vision of the 6G system can include four aspects such as intelligent connectivity, deep connectivity, holographic connectivity, and ubiquitous connectivity. The 6G system can meet the requirements shown in Table 1 below. In other words, Table 1 shows the requirements of the 6G system.

[0004] [Table 1]

[0005] Peak data rate per device 1Tbps E2E latency 1ms Maximum spectral efficiency 100bps / Hz Mobility support Up to 1000km / h Satellite Integration completely AI completely autonomous vehicles completely XR completely Tactile communication completely Summary of the Invention

[0006] Technical Solution

[0007] In an embodiment, a method for performing wireless communication by a first device is provided. The method may include: obtaining information related to a resource pool used for reference signal transmission; measuring a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) for the resource pool over a channel busy rate (CBR) measurement window; and obtaining the CBR based on the measurement.

[0008] In an embodiment, a first apparatus adapted to perform wireless communication is provided. The first apparatus may include: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory, the at least one memory being connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, upon execution by the at least one processor, cause the first apparatus to perform operations including: obtaining information related to a resource pool for reference signal transmission; measuring a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) for the resource pool over a channel busy rate (CBR) measurement window; and obtaining the CBR based on the measurement.

[0009] In an embodiment, a processing device adapted to control a first device is provided. The processing device may include: at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions, the instructions, upon being executed by the at least one processor, causing the first device to perform operations including: obtaining information related to a resource pool for reference signal transmission; measuring a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) for the resource pool over a channel busy rate (CBR) measurement window; and obtaining the CBR based on the measurement.

[0010] In an embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions is provided. When executed, the instructions may cause a first apparatus to perform operations including: obtaining information related to a resource pool used for reference signal transmission; measuring a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) for the resource pool over a channel busy rate (CBR) measurement window; and obtaining the CBR based on the measurement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 The following illustrates a communication structure that may be provided in a 6G system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0012] Figure 2 The electromagnetic spectrum according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0013] Figure 3 An example of a typical NTN scenario based on transparent payload according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0014] Figure 4 An example of a typical NTN scenario based on regenerated payload according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0015] Figure 5 An example of a sensing operation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0016] Figure 6 The structure of a time slot of a frame according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0017] Figure 7 An example of a BWP according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0018] Figure 8 A process of performing V2X or SL communication by a UE based on a resource allocation pattern according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0019] Figure 9 An example of the architecture of a 5G system capable of locating a UE that has access rights to a next-generation radio access network (NG-RAN) or E-UTRAN based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0020] Figure 10 An example of implementing a network for measuring the location of a UE based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0021] Figure 11 An example of protocol layers used to support LTE Positioning Protocol (LPP) message transmission between an LMF and a UE according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0022] Figure 12 An example of protocol layers used to support NR Positioning Protocol A (NRPPa) PDU transmission between LMF and NG-RAN nodes based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0023] Figure 13 is a diagram for explaining an OTDOA positioning method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0024] Figure 14 A two-sided RTT according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0025] Figure 15 An example of TDM-based resource multiplexing for a reference signal within a time slot based on channel congestion according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0026] Figure 16 An example of comb-based resource multiplexing for a reference signal within one time slot according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0027] Figure 17 A method for a first device to perform wireless communication according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0028] Figure 18 A method for a second device to perform wireless communication according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0029] Figure 19 A communication system 1 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0030] Figure 20 A wireless device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0031] Figure 21 A signal processing circuit for transmitting a signal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0032] Figure 22 Another example of a wireless device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0033] Figure 23 A handheld device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0034] Figure 24 A vehicle or autonomous vehicle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In the present disclosure, "A or B" may mean "only A", "only B", or "both A and B". In other words, in the present disclosure, "A or B" may be interpreted as "A and / or B". For example, in the present disclosure, "A, B or C" may mean "only A", "only B", "only C", or "any combination of A, B, and C".

[0036] As used in this disclosure, a slash ( / ) or a comma may mean "and / or." For example, "A / B" may mean "A and / or B." Thus, "A / B" may mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." For example, "A, B, C" may mean "A, B, or C."

[0037] In the present disclosure, “at least one of A and B” may mean “only A”, “only B”, or “both A and B”. In addition, in the present disclosure, the expression “at least one of A or B” or “at least one of A and / or B” may be interpreted as “at least one of A and B”.

[0038] In addition, in the present disclosure, “at least one of A, B, and C” may mean “only A,” “only B,” “only C,” or “any combination of A, B, and C.” In addition, “at least one of A, B, or C” or “at least one of A, B, and / or C” may mean “at least one of A, B, and C.”

[0039] In addition, the brackets used in the present disclosure may mean "for example". Specifically, when it is indicated as "control information (PDCCH)", this may mean that "PDCCH" is proposed as an example of "control information". In other words, the "control information" of the present disclosure is not limited to "PDCCH", and "PDDCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information". Specifically, when it is indicated as "control information (i.e., PDCCH)", this may also mean that "PDCCH" is proposed as an example of "control information".

[0040] In the following description, “when, if, or in the event of” may be replaced with “based on”.

[0041] The technical features respectively described in one drawing in the present disclosure may be implemented separately or may be implemented simultaneously.

[0042] In the present disclosure, a high-layer parameter may be a parameter configured, preconfigured, or predefined for a UE. For example, a base station or a network may send the high-layer parameter to the UE. For example, the high-layer parameter may be sent via radio resource control (RRC) signaling or medium access control (MAC) signaling.

[0043] In the present disclosure, “configuration / configured or defined / defined” may be interpreted as being configured or pre-configured for a device through predefined signaling (e.g., SIB, MAC, RRC) from a base station or network. In the present disclosure, “configuration / configured or defined / defined” may be interpreted as being pre-configured for a device.

[0044] The techniques described below may be used in various wireless communication systems such as code division multiple access (CDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA), single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA), and the like. CDMA may be implemented using radio technologies such as Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) or CDMA-2000. TDMA may be implemented using radio technologies such as Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) / General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) / Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE). OFDMA may be implemented using radio technologies such as Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Evolved UTRA (E-UTRA), Long Term Evolution (LTE), 5G NR, and the like.

[0045] The technology proposed in this disclosure can be implemented as 6G wireless technology and can be applied to various 6G systems. For example, the 6G system may have key factors such as enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC), massive machine type communication (mMTC), artificial intelligence (AI) integrated communication, tactile Internet, high throughput, high network capacity, high energy efficiency, low backhaul and access network congestion, and enhanced data security.

[0046] Figure 1 The following illustrates a communication structure that may be provided in a 6G system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 1 The embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0047] In 6G, new network features can be as follows.

[0048] -Satellite integrated network

[0049] -Connected Intelligence: Unlike previous generations of wireless communication systems, 6G is innovative, and wireless evolution may be updated from "connected things" to "connected intelligence." AI can be applied at every step of the communication process (or every signal processing process described below).

[0050] -Seamless integration of wireless information and energy transfer.

[0051] -Ubiquitous Hyper-3D Connectivity: Access to networks and core network functions from drones and very low Earth orbit satellites will establish hyper-3D connectivity in 6G ubiquity.

[0052] Among the new network features of 6G, several general requirements are as follows.

[0053] -Small cell network

[0054] -Ultra-dense heterogeneous network

[0055] - High capacity backhaul

[0056] - Radar technology integrated with mobile technology: High-precision positioning (or location-based services) through communication is one of the functions of 6G wireless communication systems. Therefore, radar systems will be integrated with 6G networks.

[0057] -Software and virtualization.

[0058] The following describes the core implementation technologies of the 6G system.

[0059] Artificial Intelligence (AI): When AI is introduced into communications, real-time data transmission can be simplified and improved. AI can use countless analyses to determine how to perform complex target tasks. This means AI can increase efficiency and reduce processing latency. Time-consuming operations such as handovers, network selection, and resource scheduling can be performed instantly with AI. AI can also play a significant role in M2M, machine-to-human, and human-to-machine communications. Furthermore, AI could enable instant communication in brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). AI-based communication systems can be supported by metamaterials, smart structures, smart networks, smart devices, intelligent cognitive radios, self-maintaining wireless networks, and machine learning.

[0060] -THz communication: Data rates can be increased by increasing bandwidth. This can be achieved by using sub-TH communication with wide bandwidth and applying advanced massive MIMO technology. THz waves are called submillimeter radiation, generally indicating a frequency band between 0.1THz and 10THz with corresponding wavelengths in the range of 0.03mm to 3mm. The band range of 100GHz to 300GHz (sub-THz band) is considered to be the main part of the THz band for cellular communications. When the sub-THz band is added to the millimeter wave band, the 6G cellular communication capacity increases. The defined THz band of 300GHz to 3THz is in the far infrared (IR) band. The band of 300GHz to 3THz is part of the optical band, but is located at the boundary of the optical band and immediately after the RF band. Therefore, the band of 300GHz to 3THz has similarities with RF. Figure 2 The electromagnetic spectrum according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 2 The embodiments of the present disclosure can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure. The main features of THz communication include (i) a wide range of bandwidths that can be used to support very high data rates; and (ii) high path loss at high frequencies (highly directional antennas are essential). The narrow beamwidth generated in highly directional antennas reduces interference. The small wavelength of THz signals allows a larger number of antenna elements to be integrated with devices and base stations operating in this band. Therefore, advanced adaptive placement techniques that can overcome range limitations can be used.

[0061] - Massive MIMO technology (Large MIMO)

[0062] -Holographic Beamforming (HBF)

[0063] -Optical wireless technology

[0064] -Free Space Optical (FSO) Backhaul Network

[0065] -Quantum communication

[0066] - No cellular communication

[0067] -Integration of wireless information and power transmission

[0068] -Integration of wireless communication and sensing

[0069] -Integrated access and backhaul network

[0070] -Big data analysis

[0071] -Reconfigurable smart surface

[0072] -Metaverse

[0073] -Blockchain

[0074] Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs): UAVs, or drones, will be a key factor in 6G wireless communications. In most cases, UAV technology can provide high-speed data wireless connectivity. A base station (BS) entity is installed within the UAV to provide cellular connectivity. UAVs offer certain features not found in fixed BS infrastructure, such as ease of deployment, robust line-of-sight links, and the freedom of mobility control. During emergencies such as natural disasters, deploying terrestrial telecommunications infrastructure is economically unfeasible and sometimes unable to provide services in turbulent environments. UAVs can easily handle such situations. UAVs will become a new paradigm in wireless communications. This technology facilitates the three fundamental requirements of wireless networks, such as eMBB, URLLC, and mMTC. UAVs can also serve a variety of purposes, such as improving network connectivity, fire detection, disaster response services, security and monitoring, pollution monitoring, parking monitoring, and accident detection. Therefore, UAV technology is recognized as one of the most important technologies for 6G communications.

[0075] -Advanced Air Mobility (AAM): AAM is a general concept of Urban Air Mobility (UAM), which is air transportation that can be used in urban areas and can refer to transportation tools including movement between urban areas and regional hubs.

[0076] -Autonomous driving (self-driving): Vehicle-to-everything (V2X) is a core element for building autonomous driving infrastructure. It can be a technology that allows vehicles to communicate and share information with various road elements, such as vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I). To maximize the performance of autonomous driving and ensure high safety, high transmission speeds and low latency technologies are essential. In the future, autonomous driving may need to go beyond delivering warnings or guidance messages to the driver and actively intervene in vehicle operations and directly control the vehicle in dangerous situations. To this end, since the amount of information that needs to be sent and received may be enormous, autonomous driving is expected to be maximized in 6G, which has higher transmission speeds and lower latency than 5G.

[0077] - Non-terrestrial network (NTN): NTN may refer to a network or network segment that utilizes radio frequency (RF) resources on a satellite (or unmanned aerial system (UAS) platform). Figure 3 An example of a typical NTN scenario based on transparent payload according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 4 An example of a typical NTN scenario based on regeneration payload according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 3 or Figure 4 The embodiments of can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 3, a satellite (or UAS platform) can establish a service link with the UE. The satellite (or UAS platform) can be connected to the gateway via a feeder link. The satellite can be connected to the data network via the gateway. The beam coverage area can refer to the area where the signal sent by the satellite can be received. Figure 4 , a satellite (or UAS platform) can establish a service link with the UE. The satellite (or UAS platform) connected to the UE can be connected to another satellite (or another UAS platform) via an inter-satellite link (ISL). The other satellite (or another UAS platform) can be connected to the gateway via a feeder link. Based on the regenerative payload, the satellite can be connected to the data network through the gateway and another satellite. If there is no ISL between the satellite and the other satellite, a feeder link between the satellite and the gateway may be required. Figure 3 and Figure 4 This is only an example of an NTN scenario, and NTN can be implemented based on various types of scenarios. For example, a satellite (or UAS platform) can implement a transparent or regenerative (with on-board processing) payload. For example, a satellite (or UAS platform) can generate multiple beams over a specified service area based on the field of view of the satellite (or UAS platform). For example, the field of view of the satellite (or UAS platform) can vary according to the on-board antenna pattern and minimum elevation angle. For example, a transparent payload may include RF filtering, frequency conversion, and amplification. Therefore, the waveform signal repeated by the payload may not be changed. For example, a regenerative payload may include RF filtering, frequency conversion and amplification, demodulation / decryption, switching and / or routing, and coding / modulation. For example, a regenerative payload may be substantially equivalent to equipping a satellite (or UAS platform) with all or part of the base station functionality.

[0078] Integrated Sensing and Communications (ISAC): Wireless sensing is a technology enabler for acquiring information about the characteristics of the environment and / or objects within it, using radio frequency to determine, for example, the distance (range), angle, or instantaneous linear velocity of an object. RF sensing capabilities can provide services for device-free object positioning, as objects do not need to be connected via a device in the network. The ability to obtain range, velocity, and angle information from RF signals can provide a wide range of new capabilities, such as various object detection and object identification (e.g., vehicles, people, animals, drones), as well as high-precision positioning, tracking, and activity recognition. For example, wireless sensing services can provide input to various verticals (e.g., unmanned aerial vehicles, smart homes, V2X, factories, railways, public safety, etc.), enabling applications such as intruder detection, assisted vehicle maneuvering and navigation, trajectory tracking, collision avoidance, traffic management, and health and activity monitoring. In some cases, wireless sensing can also use non-3GPP sensors (e.g., radar, cameras) to further support 3GPP-based sensing. For example, the operation of wireless sensing services (i.e., sensing operations) can rely on processing the transmission, reflection, and scattering of wireless sensing signals. Therefore, wireless sensing may have the opportunity to enhance the traditional system from a communication network to a wireless communication and sensing network. Figure 5 An example of a sensing operation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 5 The embodiments of can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure. Specifically, Figure 5 (a) shows an example of sensing with a co-located sensing receiver and sensing transmitter (eg, monostatic sensing), and Figure 5 (b) shows an example of sensing with separate sensing receivers and sensing transmitters (eg, bistatic sensing).

[0079] The radio interface protocol layers between the UE and the network can be categorized as Layer 1 (L1), Layer 2 (L2), and Layer 3 (L3) based on the lower three layers of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model, which is well known in communication systems. The physical (PHY) layer, belonging to Layer 1, provides information transmission services using physical channels, and the radio resource control (RRC) layer, located at Layer 3, controls radio resources between the UE and the network. To this end, the RRC layer exchanges RRC messages between the UE and the base station layer.

[0080] The physical layer provides information transfer services to upper layers via physical channels. The physical layer is connected to the media access control (MAC) layer, its upper layer, via transport channels. Data is transferred between the MAC and physical layers via transport channels. Transport channels are categorized based on how data is transmitted over the radio interface and the characteristics of the data being transmitted.

[0081] Data is transmitted between different physical layers (ie, a PHY layer of a transmitter and a PHY layer of a receiver) through a physical channel. The physical channel may be modulated using an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) scheme and uses time and frequency as radio resources.

[0082] The MAC layer provides services to the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer, a higher layer above the MAC layer, via logical channels. The MAC layer maps multiple logical channels to multiple transport channels. The MAC layer also provides logical channel multiplexing by mapping multiple logical channels to a single transport channel. The MAC layer provides data transmission services via logical channels.

[0083] The RLC layer performs concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of radio link control service data units (RLC SDUs). To ensure the different quality of service (QoS) required for radio bearers (RBs), the RLC layer provides three types of operation modes: transparent mode (TM), unacknowledged mode (UM), and acknowledged mode (AM). AM RLC provides error correction through automatic repeat request (ARQ).

[0084] The Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer is defined only in the control plane. The RRC layer controls logical channels, transport channels, and physical channels associated with the configuration, reconfiguration, and release of resource allocation (RBs). RBs are logical paths for data transfer between the UE and the network, provided by Layer 1 (i.e., the physical or PHY layer) and Layer 2 (i.e., the MAC layer, RLC layer, Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP), and Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) layers).

[0085] The functions of the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) in the user plane include transmission of user data, header compression and encryption. The functions of the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) in the control plane include transmission and encryption / integrity protection of control plane data.

[0086] The Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) layer is defined only in the user plane. The SDAP layer performs mapping between Quality of Service (QoS) flows and Data Radio Bearers (DRBs) and QoS Flow ID (QFI) marking in both DL and UL packets.

[0087] RB configuration refers to the process of specifying radio protocol layers and channel attributes to provide a specific service and determining corresponding detailed parameters and operation methods. RBs can be classified into two types: signaling radio bearers (SRBs) and data radio bearers (DRBs). SRBs are used as a path for transmitting RRC messages in the control plane, and DRBs are used as a path for transmitting user data in the user plane.

[0088] When an RRC connection is established between the RRC layer of the UE and the RRC layer of the E-UTRAN, the UE is in the RRC connected (RRC_CONNECTED) state, otherwise the UE may be in the RRC idle (RRC_IDLE) state. In the case of NR, an RRC inactive (RRC_INACTIVE) state is additionally defined, and the UE in the RRC_INACTIVE state may maintain its connection with the core network while releasing its connection with the BS.

[0089] Data is sent from the network to the UE via a downlink transport channel. Examples of downlink transport channels include a broadcast channel (BCH) for transmitting system information and a downlink shared channel (SCH) for transmitting other user traffic or control messages. Traffic or control messages for downlink multicast or broadcast services may be sent via the downlink SCH or may be sent via a separate downlink multicast channel (MCH). In addition, uplink transport channels for sending (or transmitting) data from the UE to the network include a random access channel (RACH) for sending initial control messages and an uplink shared channel (SCH) for sending other user traffic or control messages.

[0090] Examples of logical channels belonging to a higher layer of a transport channel and mapped to a transport channel may include a broadcast control channel (BCCH), a paging control channel (PCCH), a common control channel (CCCH), a multicast control channel (MCCH), a multicast traffic channel (MTCH), etc.

[0091] A radio frame can be used to perform uplink and downlink transmissions. A radio frame has a length of 10 ms and can be defined as consisting of two half frames (HFs). A half frame can include five 1 ms subframes (SFs). A subframe (SF) can be divided into one or more time slots, and the number of time slots within a subframe can be determined by the subcarrier spacing (SCS). Each time slot can include 12 or 14 OFDM (A) symbols depending on the cyclic prefix (CP).

[0092] When using a normal CP, each time slot can include 14 symbols. When using an extended CP, each time slot can include 12 symbols. Herein, a symbol may include an OFDM symbol (or a CP-OFDM symbol) and a single carrier-FDMA (SC-FDMA) symbol (or a discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) symbol).

[0093] Table 2 shown below shows the number of symbols (N) per slot based on the SCS configuration (μ) in the case of using a normal CP or an extended CP. slot symb ), the number of time slots per frame (N frame,μslot ) and the number of time slots per subframe (N subframe ,μ slot ).

[0094] [Table 2]

[0095]

[0096] Figure 6 The structure of the time slot of the NR frame according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 6 The embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0097] Reference Figure 6 , a time slot includes multiple symbols in the time domain. A carrier includes multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. A resource block (RB) can be defined as a plurality of consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain (e.g., 12 subcarriers). A bandwidth part (BWP) can be defined as a plurality of consecutive (physical) resource blocks ((P)RBs) in the frequency domain, and a BWP can correspond to a parameter set (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.). A carrier can include up to N BWPs (e.g., 5 BWPs). Data communication can be performed via activated BWPs. Each element can be referred to as a resource element (RE) in a resource grid, and a complex symbol can be mapped to each element.

[0098] A bandwidth part (BWP) may be a contiguous set of physical resource blocks (PRBs) within a given parameter set. A PRB may be selected from a contiguous set of common resource blocks (CRBs) for a given parameter set on a given carrier.

[0099] Figure 7 An example of a BWP according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 7 The embodiments of can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 7 In an embodiment of the present invention, the number of BWPs is 3.

[0100] Reference Figure 7 , Common Resource Blocks (CRBs) may be carrier resource blocks numbered from one end of the carrier frequency band to the other. Additionally, PRBs may be resource blocks numbered within each BWP. Point A may indicate a common reference point for the resource block grid.

[0101] It can be obtained by point A, the offset relative to point A (N start BWP ) and bandwidth (N size BWP) to configure the BWP. For example, point A can be an external reference point of the PRBs of a carrier, and subcarrier 0 of all parameter sets (e.g., all parameter sets supported by the network on the corresponding carrier) is aligned in point A. For example, the offset can be the PRB distance between the lowest subcarrier in a given parameter set and point A. For example, the bandwidth can be the number of PRBs in a given parameter set.

[0102] The side link synchronization signal (SLSS) may include a primary side link synchronization signal (PSSS) and a secondary side link synchronization signal (SSSS) as a side link (SL) specific sequence. The PSSS may be referred to as a side link primary synchronization signal (S-PSS), and the SSSS may be referred to as a side link secondary synchronization signal (S-SSS). For example, an M sequence of length 127 may be used for the S-PSS, and a Gold sequence of length 127 may be used for the S-SSS. For example, the UE may use the S-PSS for initial signal detection and synchronization acquisition. For example, the UE may use the S-PSS and the S-SSS for acquisition of detailed synchronization and for detection of a synchronization signal ID.

[0103] The physical sidelink broadcast channel (PSBCH) can be a (broadcast) channel for transmitting default (system) information, which must be known by the UE before SL signal transmission / reception. For example, the default information can be information related to SLSS, duplex mode (DM), time division duplex (TDD) uplink / downlink (UL / DL) configuration, information related to resource pool, type of application related to SLSS, subframe offset, broadcast information, etc. For example, in order to evaluate PSBCH performance, in NR V2X, the payload size of PSBCH can be 56 bits, including a 24-bit cyclic redundancy check (CRC).

[0104] S-PSS, S-SSS and PSBCH can be included in a block format that supports periodic transmission (e.g., SL synchronization signal (SS) / PSBCH block, hereinafter, sidelink synchronization signal block (S-SSB)). The S-SSB can have the same parameter set (i.e., SCS and CP length) as the physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) / physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) in the carrier, and the transmission bandwidth can exist within the (pre-) configured sidelink (SL) BWP. For example, the S-SSB can have a bandwidth of 11 resource blocks (SBs). For example, the PSBCH can exist across 11 RBs. In addition, the frequency position of the S-SSB can be (pre-) configured. Therefore, the UE does not have to perform hypothesis detection at the frequency to discover the S-SSB in the carrier.

[0105] In the present disclosure, PSCCH may be replaced by a control channel, a physical control channel, a control channel associated with a sidelink, a physical control channel associated with a sidelink, etc. In the present disclosure, PSSCH may be replaced by a shared channel, a physical shared channel, a shared channel associated with a sidelink, a physical shared channel associated with a sidelink, etc.

[0106] Figure 8 A process of performing V2X or SL communication by a UE based on a resource allocation mode according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 8 The embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0107] Reference Figure 8 (a), in resource allocation mode 1, the base station may schedule SL resources to be used by the UE for SL transmission. For example, in step S800, the base station may send information related to the SL resources and / or information related to the UL resources to the first UE. For example, the UL resources may include PUCCH resources and / or PUSCH resources. For example, the UL resources may be resources used to report SL HARQ feedback to the base station.

[0108] For example, the first UE may receive information related to dynamic grant (DG) resources and / or information related to configuration grant (CG) resources from the base station. For example, the CG resources may include CG type 1 resources or CG type 2 resources. In the present disclosure, the DG resources may be resources configured / allocated to the first UE by the base station through downlink control information (DCI). In the present disclosure, the CG resources may be (periodic) resources configured / allocated to the first UE by the base station through DCI and / or RRC messages. For example, in the case of CG type 1 resources, the base station may send an RRC message including information related to the CG resources to the first UE. For example, in the case of CG type 2 resources, the base station may send an RRC message including information related to the CG resources to the first UE, and the base station may send a DCI related to the activation or release of the CG resources to the first UE.

[0109] In step S810, the first UE may send a PSCCH (e.g., sidelink control information (SCI) or first-level SCI) to the second UE based on resource scheduling. In step S820, the first UE may send a PSSCH (e.g., second-level SCI, MAC PDU, data, etc.) related to the PSCCH to the second UE. In step S830, the first UE may receive a PSFCH related to the PSCCH / PSSCH from the second UE. For example, HARQ feedback information (e.g., NACK information or ACK information) may be received from the second UE via the PSFCH. In step S840, the first UE may send / report the HARQ feedback information to the base station via the PUCCH or PUSCH. For example, the HARQ feedback information reported to the base station may be information generated by the first UE based on the HARQ feedback information received from the second UE. For example, the HARQ feedback information reported to the base station may be information generated by the first UE based on a preconfigured rule. For example, the DCI may be DCI for SL scheduling.

[0110] Reference Figure 8 (b) in resource allocation mode 2, the UE may determine the SL transmission resources within the SL resources configured by the base station / network or the preconfigured SL resources. For example, the configured SL resources or the preconfigured SL resources may be a resource pool. For example, the UE may autonomously select or schedule resources for SL transmission. For example, the UE may perform SL communication by autonomously selecting resources within the configured resource pool. For example, the UE may autonomously select resources within a selection window by performing a sensing process and a resource (re)selection process. For example, sensing may be performed in units of subchannels. For example, in step S810, the first UE, which has selected resources from the resource pool by itself, may send a PSCCH (e.g., sidelink control information (SCI) or a first-level SCI) to a second UE by using the resources. In step S820, the first UE may send a PSSCH (e.g., a second-level SCI, a MAC PDU, data, etc.) related to the PSCCH to the second UE. In step S830, the first UE may receive a PSFCH related to the PSCCH / PSSCH from the second UE.

[0111] Reference Figure 8(a) or (b), for example, the first UE may send the SCI to the second UE via the PSCCH. Alternatively, for example, the first UE may send two consecutive SCIs (e.g., level 2 SCIs) to the second UE via the PSCCH and / or PSSCH. In this case, the second UE may decode the two consecutive SCIs (e.g., level 2 SCIs) to receive the PSSCH from the first UE. In the present disclosure, the SCI sent via the PSCCH may be referred to as the first SCI, the first SCI, the first level SCI, or the first level SCI format, and the SCI sent via the PSSCH may be referred to as the second SCI, the second SCI, the second level SCI, or the second level SCI format.

[0112] For example, the first-level SCI format may include SCI Format 1-A and / or SCI Format 1-B, and the second-level SCI format may include SCI Format 2-A, SCI Format 2-B, SCI Format 2-C, and / or SCI Format 2-D.

[0113] Hereinafter, an example of SCI format 1-A will be described.

[0114] SCI format 1-A is used for scheduling PSSCH and the second level SCI on PSSCH.

[0115] The following information is sent via SCI Format 1-A:

[0116] - Priority - 3 bits

[0117] - Frequency Resource Assignment - When the value of the higher layer parameter sl-MaxNumPerReserve is configured as 2, ceiling(log2(N SL subChannel (N SL subChannel +1) / 2)) bits; otherwise, when the value of the high-level parameter sl-MaxNumPerReserve is configured as 3, the ceiling log2(N SL subChannel (N SL subChannel +1)(2N SL subChannel +1) / 6) bits.

[0118] - Time resource assignment - 5 bits when the value of the higher-layer parameter sl-MaxNumPerReserve is configured as 2; otherwise, 9 bits when the value of the higher-layer parameter sl-MaxNumPerReserve is configured as 3

[0119] -Resource Reservation Period - If the higher-level parameter sl-MultiReserveResource is configured, the ceiling(log2 N rsv_period ) bits, where N rsv_period is the number of entries in the higher-level parameter sl-ResourceReservePeriodList; otherwise, 0

[0120] -DMRS pattern -ceiling(log2 N pattern ) bits, where N pattern The number of DMRS patterns configured by the higher-layer parameter sl-PSSCH-DMRS-TimePatternList

[0121] -Second level SCI format - 2 digits

[0122] - Beta_offset indicator - 2 bits, as provided by the higher layer parameter sl-BetaOffsets2ndSCI

[0123] -Number of DMRS ports - 1 bit

[0124] - Modulation and coding scheme - 5 bits

[0125] - Additional MCS table indicator - 1 bit if one MCS table is configured by the higher-layer parameter sl-Additional-MCS-Table; 2 bits if two MCS tables are configured by the higher-layer parameter sl-Additional-MCS-Table; otherwise, 0 bit

[0126] -PSFCH overhead indication - 1 bit if the higher layer parameter sl-PSFCH-Period = 2 or 4; otherwise, 0 bit

[0127] - Reserved - The number of bits determined by the higher layer parameter sl-NumReservedBits, whose value is set to zero.

[0128] Reference Figure 8 (a) or (b), in step S830, the first UE may receive the PSFCH. For example, the first UE and the second UE may determine the PSFCH resources, and the second UE may use the PSFCH resources to send HARQ feedback to the first UE.

[0129] Reference Figure 8 (a), in step S840, the first UE may send SL HARQ feedback to the base station via PUCCH and / or PUSCH.

[0130] Hereinafter, the hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) process will be described. For example, SL HARQ feedback may be enabled for unicast.

[0131] For example, SL HARQ feedback may be enabled for multicast.For example, two HARQ feedback options may be supported for multicast.

[0132] (1) Multicast Option 1: After a receiving UE decodes a PSCCH destined for the receiving UE, if the receiving UE cannot decode a transport block associated with the PSCCH, the receiving UE may send a negative acknowledgement (NACK) to the transmitting UE via the PSFCH. Otherwise, if the receiving UE decodes a PSCCH destined for the receiving UE and if the receiving UE successfully decodes a transport block associated with the PSCCH, the receiving UE may not send a positive acknowledgement (ACK) to the transmitting UE.

[0133] (2) Multicast Option 2: After a receiving UE decodes a PSCCH targeted for the receiving UE, if the receiving UE cannot decode the transport block associated with the PSCCH, the receiving UE may send a NACK to the transmitting UE via the PSFCH. Alternatively, if the receiving UE decodes a PSCCH targeted for the receiving UE and successfully decodes the transport block associated with the PSCCH, the receiving UE may send an ACK to the transmitting UE via the PSFCH.

[0134] The following describes the UE procedure for reporting HARQ-ACK on the sidelink.

[0135] The SCI format received by scheduling PSSCH can indicate UE, when the number is N PSSCH subch In one or more of the subchannels, a PSFCH with HARQ-ACK information is transmitted in response to PSSCH reception. The UE provides HARQ-ACK information including ACK or NACK, or only NACK.

[0136] The number of time slots in the resource pool used for PSFCH transmission opportunity resources can be provided to the UE via sl-PSFCH-Period-r16. If this number is zero, the UE is disabled from transmitting PSFCH in this resource pool. The UE expects that if k mod N PSFCH PSSCH =0, then time slot t' k SL (0≤k <T' max ) has PSFCH transmission opportunity resources, where t' k SL is the time slot belonging to the resource pool, T' maxis the number of time slots belonging to the resource pool within 10240 milliseconds, and N PSFCH PSSCH Provided by sl-PSFCH-Period-r16. A UE may be instructed by higher layers not to transmit a PSFCH in response to a PSSCH reception. If a UE receives a PSSCH in a resource pool and the value of the HARQ Feedback Enable / Disable Indicator field in the associated SCI format 2-A or SCI format 2-B is 1, the UE provides HARQ-ACK information in the PSFCH transmission in that resource pool. The UE transmits the PSFCH in the first slot that includes the PSFCH resources and is at least a number (provided by sl-MinTimeGapPSFCH-r16) of resource pool slots after the last slot in which the PSSCH was received.

[0137] Provide the UE with M in the resource pool through sl-PSFCH-RB-Set-r16 PSFCH PRB,set A set of PRBs for PSFCH transmission in the PRBs of the resource pool. subch subchannels, and associated PSFCH slots, the number of which is less than or equal to N PSFCH PSSCH The PSSCH time slot of the UE will be from M PRB,set PSFCH [(i+j·N PSFCH PSSCH )·M PSFCH subch,slot ,(i+1+j·N PSFCH PSSCH )·M PSFCH subch,slot -1] PRBs are allocated to slot i and subchannel j among the PSSCH slots associated with the PSFCH slot, where M PSFCH subch,slot =M PSFCH PRB,set / (N subch ·N PSFCH PSSCH ), 0≤i <N PSFCH PSSCH , 0≤j <N subch , and the allocation starts in ascending order of i and continues in ascending order of j. PSFCH PRB,set Yes N subch ·N PSFCH PSSCH multiples of .

[0138] The UE determines the number of PSFCH resources that can be used to multiplex HARQ-ACK information in PSFCH transmission as R PSFCH PRB,CS =N PSFCH type ·M PSFCH subch,slot ·N PSFCH CS , where N PSFCH CS is the number of cyclic shift pairs in the resource pool, and based on the instructions from the higher layer,

[0139] -N PSFCH type =1, and M PSFCH subch,slot PRBs are associated with the starting subchannel of the corresponding PSSCH.

[0140] -N PSFCH type =N PSSCH subch , and N PSSCH subch ·M PSFCH subch,slot PRBs and N from the corresponding PSSCH PSSCH subch The subchannels are associated with one or more subchannels.

[0141] PSFCH resources are firstly based on the PSFCH type ·M PSFCH subch,slot PRB indexes are indexed in ascending order, and then the PRB indexes from N PSFCH CS The cyclic shift pairs are indexed in ascending order of the cyclic shift pair indices.

[0142] The UE determines the index of the PSFCH resource used for PSFCH transmission in response to PSSCH reception as (P ID +M ID )mod R PSFCH PRB,CS , where P ID is the physical layer source ID provided by the SCI format 2-A or 2-B received by the scheduling PSSCH, and if the UE detects SCI format 2-A with a broadcast type indicator field value of "01", the M ID is the identity of the UE receiving the PSSCH as indicated by the higher layers; otherwise, M ID is zero.

[0143] The UE selects the index from the cyclic shift pair corresponding to the PSFCH resource index and uses Table 3 to select the index from N PSFCH CS The value of m0 used to calculate the value of the cyclic shift α is determined.

[0144] [Table 3]

[0145]

[0146] The UE applies one cyclic shift from the cyclic shift pair to the sequence used for PSFCH transmission.

[0147] Hereinafter, positioning will be described.

[0148] Figure 9 An example of an architecture in a 5G system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown, wherein the 5G system can locate a UE accessing a next-generation radio access network (NG-RAN) or E-UTRAN. Figure 9 The embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0149] Reference Figure 9 , the AMF may receive a request for location service related to a specific target UE from a different entity such as the Gateway Mobile Location Center (GMLC) or may determine that the location service is to be started in the AMF itself instead of the specific target UE. The AMF may then send a location service request to the Location Management Function (LMF). Upon receiving the location service request, the LMF may process the location service request and return a processing request including the estimated location of the UE, etc. to the AMF. Meanwhile, if the location service request is received from a different entity such as the GMLC other than the AMF, the AMF may pass the processing request received from the LMF to the different entity.

[0150] The next generation evolved NB (ng-eNB) and gNB are network elements of the NG-RAN that can provide measurement results for position estimation, can measure radio signals for target UEs, and can deliver the resulting values ​​to the LMF. In addition, the ng-eNB can control several transmission points (TPs) such as the remote radio head that supports the positioning reference signal (PRS)-based beacon system for E-UTRA or PRS-dedicated TPs.

[0151] The LMF may be connected to the Enhanced Serving Mobile Location Center (E-SMLC) and the E-SMLC may allow the LMF to access the E-UTRAN. For example, the E-SMLC may allow the LMF to support Observed Time Difference of Arrival (OTDOA), one of the positioning methods of the E-UTRAN, by using downlink measurement results obtained by the target UE through signals transmitted from the gNB and / or PRS dedicated TP in the E-UTRAN.

[0152] At the same time, the LMF can be connected to the SUPL Location Platform (SLP). The LMF can support and manage different location determination services for the corresponding target UE. The LMF can interact with the serving ng-eNB or serving gNB for the target UE to obtain the UE's location measurement results. For the positioning of the target UE, the LMF can determine the positioning method based on the location service (LCS) client type, the requested quality of service (QoS), the UE positioning capabilities, the gNB positioning capabilities, and the ng-eNB positioning capabilities, and can apply such positioning methods to the serving gNB and / or serving ng-eNB. In addition, the LMF can determine additional information such as the position estimate of the target UE and the accuracy of the position estimate and velocity. The SLP is the secure user plane location (SUPL) entity responsible for positioning through the user plane.

[0153] The UE may measure downlink signals through NG-RAN, E-UTRAN and / or other sources such as: different global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) and terrestrial beacon systems (TBS), wireless local access network (WLAN) access points, Bluetooth beacons, UE air pressure sensors, etc. The UE may include an LCS application. The UE may communicate with a network that the UE can access, or the LCS application may be accessed by another application included in the UE. The LCS application may include measurement and calculation functions required to determine the position of the UE. For example, the UE may include an independent positioning function such as a global positioning system (GPS) and may report the position of the UE independent of NG-RAN transmissions. Positioning information obtained independently in this way may be used as auxiliary information for positioning information obtained from the network.

[0154] Figure 10 An example of implementing a network for measuring the location of a UE based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 10 The embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0155] When the UE is in the Connection Management (CM)-Idle state, if the AMF receives a location service request, the AMF may establish a signaling connection with the UE and may request the network to trigger a service to allocate a specific serving gNB or ng-eNB. Figure 10This operation process is omitted in Figure 10 It is assumed that the UE is in connected mode. However, due to signaling and data deactivation, the signaling connection may be released by the NG-RAN while performing the positioning procedure.

[0156] Will refer to Figure 10 This section describes in detail the network operation process for measuring the location of the UE. In step a1, a 5GC entity such as a GMLC may request the serving AMF to provide location services for measuring the location of the target UE. However, even if the GMLC does not request location services, the serving AMF may determine that location services are required for measuring the location of the target UE based on step 1b. For example, to measure the location of a UE for an emergency call, the serving AMF may determine to directly perform location services.

[0157] Thereafter, the AMF may send a location service request to the LMF based on step 2, and the LMF may initiate a location procedure to obtain location measurement data or location measurement assistance data with the serving ng-eNB and serving gNB. Additionally, based on step 3b, the LMF may initiate a location procedure for downlink positioning with the UE. For example, the LMF may send assistance data as defined in 3GPP TS 36.355, or may obtain a location estimate or location measurement. Step 3b may be performed in addition to or instead of step 3a.

[0158] In step 4, the LMF may provide a location service response to the AMF. In addition, the location service response may include information about whether the UE's location estimation is successful and the UE's location estimation value. Figure 10 The AMF may deliver the location service response to the 5GC entity, such as GMLC, and if initiated by step 1b Figure 10 The AMF can use the location service response to provide location services related to emergency calls, etc.

[0159] Figure 11 An example of a protocol layer for supporting LTE Positioning Protocol (LPP) message transmission between an LMF and a UE according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 11 The embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0160] LPP PDU can be sent between AMF and UE via NAS PDU. Figure 11, LPP can terminate between a target device (e.g., a UE in the control plane or a SUPL-capable terminal (SET) in the user plane) and a location server (e.g., a LMF in the control plane and an SLP in the user plane). LPP messages can be delivered in the form of transparent PDUs over intermediate network interfaces using appropriate protocols such as: NG Application Protocol (NGAP) over the NG-Control (NG-C) interface and NAS / RRC over the NR-Uu interface. The LPP protocol can enable positioning for NR and LTE using various positioning methods.

[0161] For example, based on the LPP protocol, the target device and the location server can exchange mutual capability information, assistance data for positioning, and / or location information. In addition, LPP messages can be used to indicate the exchange of error information and / or the interruption of the LPP process.

[0162] Figure 12 An example of protocol layers for supporting NR Positioning Protocol A (NRPPa) PDU transmission between LMF and NG-RAN nodes based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 12 The embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0163] NRPPa can be used for information exchange between NG-RAN nodes and LMF. Specifically, NRPPa can exchange enhanced cell IDs (E-CIDs) for measurement, data for supporting OTDOA positioning methods, and cell IDs, cell location IDs, etc. for NR cell ID positioning methods sent from ng-eNB to LMF. Even if there is no information about the associated NRPPa transaction, the AMF can route NRPPa PDUs based on the routing ID of the associated LMR through the NG-C interface.

[0164] The procedures of the NRPPa protocol for location and data collection can be categorized into two types. The first type is a UE-related procedure for transferring information about a specific UE (e.g., location measurement information, etc.), while the second type is a non-UE-related procedure for transferring information applicable to NG-RAN nodes and related TPs (e.g., gNB / ng-eNB / TP timing information, etc.). Both types of procedures can be supported independently or simultaneously.

[0165] Meanwhile, examples of positioning methods supported in NG-RAN may include GNSS, OTDOA, enhanced cell ID (E-CID), air pressure sensor positioning, WLAN positioning, Bluetooth positioning and terrestrial beacon system (TBS), uplink time difference of arrival (UTDOA), and the like.

[0166] (1) OTDOA (Observed Time Difference of Arrival)

[0167] Figure 13 is a diagram for explaining an OTDOA positioning method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 13 The embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0168] The OTDOA positioning method uses the measured timing of downlink signals received by the UE from the eNB, ng-eNB, and multiple TPs, including PRS-dedicated TPs. The UE measures the timing of the received downlink signals using location assistance data received from a location server. Furthermore, the UE's position can be determined based on these measurement results and the geometric coordinates of neighboring TPs.

[0169] A UE connected to a gNB may request measurement gaps from a TP for OTDOA measurements. If the UE cannot identify the single frequency network (SFN) of at least one TP in the OTDOA assistance data, the UE may use autonomous gaps to obtain the SNF of the OTDOA reference cell before requesting measurement gaps to perform reference signal time difference (RSTD) measurements.

[0170] In this article, RSTD can be defined based on the minimum relative time difference between the boundaries of two subframes received from the reference cell and the measurement cell, respectively. In other words, RSTD can be calculated based on the relative time difference between the start time of the subframe received from the measurement unit and the start time of the subframe of the reference unit closest to the start time of the subframe received from the measurement unit. At the same time, the reference cell can be selected by the UE.

[0171] For correct OTDOA measurement, it may be necessary to measure the time of arrival (TOA) of signals received from three or more geographically distributed TPs or BSs. For example, the TOA can be measured for each of TP1, TP2, and TP3, and the RSTD of TP1-TP2, the RSTD of TP2-TP3, and the RSTD of TP3-TP1 can be calculated for the three TOAs. Based on this, a geometric hyperbola can be determined, and the point where these hyperbolas intersect can be estimated as the position of the UE. In this case, since the accuracy and / or uncertainty of each TOA measurement may exist, the estimated position of the UE can be referred to as a specific range based on the measurement uncertainty.

[0172] For example, the RSTD of the two TPs may be calculated based on Equation 1.

[0173] [Formula 1]

[0174]

[0175] In this paper, c can be the speed of light, {x t ,yt} can be the (unknown) coordinates of the target UE, {x i ,y i} may be the coordinates of a (known) TP, and {x1, y1} may be the coordinates of a reference TP (or another TP). i -T1) is called the "real time difference (RTD)" which is the transmission time offset between two TPs, and n i , n1 can represent a value related to the UE TOA measurement error.

[0176] (2) E-CID (Enhanced Cell ID)

[0177] In the Cell ID (CID) positioning method, the UE's location can be measured using the geographic information of the UE's serving ng-eNB, serving gNB, and / or serving cell. For example, the geographic information of the serving ng-eNB, serving gNB, and / or serving cell can be obtained through paging, registration, etc.

[0178] At the same time, in addition to the CID positioning method, the E-CID positioning method can also use additional UE measurements and / or NG-RAN radio resources to improve the UE position estimate. In the E-CID positioning method, although some of the same measurement methods used in the measurement control system of the RRC protocol can be used, in general, additional measurements are not performed solely for the UE's position measurement. In other words, measurement configuration or measurement control messages may not be additionally provided to measure the UE's position. In addition, the UE may not expect to request additional measurement operations solely for position measurement and may report measurement values ​​obtained using measurement methods that the UE can generally perform measurements on.

[0179] For example, the serving gNB may implement the E-CID positioning method using E-UTRA measurements provided from the UE.

[0180] Examples of measurement elements that can be used for E-CID positioning may be as follows.

[0181] -UE measurements: E-UTRA Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP), E-UTRA Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), UE E-UTRA Rx-Tx Time Difference, GSM EDGE Random Access Network (GERAN) / WLAN Reference Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI), UTRAN Common Pilot Channel (CPICH) Received Signal Code Power (RSCP), UTRAN CPICH Ec / Io

[0182] -E-UTRAN measurements: ng-eNB Rx-Tx time difference, timing advance (TADV), angle of arrival (AoA).

[0183] Herein, TADV can be classified into Type 1 and Type 2 as follows.

[0184] TADV type 1 = (ng-eNB Rx-Tx time difference) + (UE E-UTRA Rx-Tx time difference)

[0185] TADV type 2 = ng-eNB Rx-Tx time difference

[0186] At the same time, AoA can be used to measure the direction of the UE. AoA can be defined as the estimated angle relative to the UE's position in a counterclockwise direction from the BS / TP. In this case, the geographic reference direction can be north. The BS / TP can use uplink signals such as the sounding reference signal (SRS) and / or the demodulation reference signal (DMRS) for AoA measurement. In addition, the larger the antenna array is arranged, the higher the measurement accuracy of AoA. When the element antenna array is arranged at the same interval, the signals received from adjacent antennas can have a constant phase rotation.

[0187] (3) UTDOA (Uplink Time Difference of Arrival)

[0188] UTDOA is a method for determining the UE's location by estimating the arrival time of the SRS. When the estimated SRS arrival time is calculated, the UE's location can be estimated by using the serving cell as a reference cell via the arrival time difference relative to another cell (or BS / TP). To implement UTDOA, the E-SMLC can indicate the serving cell of the target UE to indicate the SRS transmission to the target UE. In addition, the E-SMLC can provide configurations such as whether the SRS is periodic / aperiodic, bandwidth, frequency / group / sequence hopping, etc.

[0189] (4) Round Trip Time (RTT)

[0190] RTT is a positioning technology that can measure the distance between two entities, even if the time of the target entity and the server entity are not synchronized. If RTT is implemented using multiple server entities, the distance to each server entity can be measured separately. In addition, by drawing circles using the distance measured from each server entity, the target entity can be absolutely located at the intersection of the circles.

[0191] The RTT between two entities is calculated as follows. Entity #1 can transmit PRS #1 at t1, and entity #2 can receive PRS #1 at t2. After entity #2 receives PRS #1, entity #2 can transmit PRS #2 at t3, and entity #1 can receive PRS #2 at t4. In this case, the distance D between the two entities can be obtained as follows.

[0192] [Formula 2]

[0193] D = c × {(t4 - t1) - (t3 - t2)} / 2 (where c is the speed of light)

[0194] For the RTT between the UE and the gNB, the distance between the UE and the gNB can be obtained based on the above formula 2 using the UE Rx-Tx time difference and the gNBRx-Tx time difference in the following table.

[0195] (5) Bilateral RTT

[0196] Bilateral RTT is a positioning technique that can measure the distance between a target entity and a server entity even if there is a sampling clock frequency offset between the two entities.

[0197] The method for performing two-sided RTT between two entities is as follows.

[0198] Figure 14 A two-sided RTT according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 14 The embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0199] Bilateral RTT is widely used in ultra-wideband (UWB) positioning and can reduce the impact of clock errors. Figure 14 , can be measured by two measurements (i.e., T round1 、T round2 、T reply1 、T reply2 ) to estimate the propagation delay T. For example, the propagation delay T can be estimated based on Equation 3.

[0200] [Formula 3]

[0201]

[0202] In addition, T can be obtained based on Equation 4 round1 ×T round2 -T reply1 ×T reply2 .

[0203] [Formula 4]

[0204]

[0205] in

[0206]

[0207] Therefore, the propagation delay T can be estimated as shown in Equation 5.

[0208] [Formula 5]

[0209]

[0210] In this case, the error in propagation delay estimation due to the clock error can be obtained based on Equation 6.

[0211] [Formula 6]

[0212]

[0213] in

[0214] e UE1 and e UE2 is the clock offset between UE1 and UE2;

[0215] is the estimated propagation delay between UE1 and UE2.

[0216] An example of the reference signal time difference (RSTD) is shown in Table 4. The RSTD in Table 4 can be applied to SL positioning.

[0217] [Table 4]

[0218]

[0219] Table 5 shows an example of DL PRS reference signal received power (RSRP). The DL PRS RSRP of Table 5 can be applied to SL positioning.

[0220] [Table 5]

[0221]

[0222] An example of DL relative signal time difference (RSTD) is shown in Table 6. The DL RSTD of Table 6 can be applied to SL positioning.

[0223] [Table 6]

[0224]

[0225] Table 7 shows an example of UE Rx-Tx time difference. The UE Rx-Tx time difference of Table 7 can be applied to SL positioning.

[0226] [Table 7]

[0227]

[0228] Table 8 shows the UL relative time of arrival (UL RTOA) (T UL-RTOA ) example. The UL RTOA of Table 8 can be applied to SL positioning.

[0229] [Table 8]

[0230]

[0231] Table 9 shows an example of the gNB Rx-Tx time difference. The gNB Rx-Tx time difference in Table 9 can be applied to SL positioning.

[0232] [Table 9]

[0233]

[0234] Table 10 shows an example of UL angle of arrival (AoA). The UL AoA of Table 10 can be applied to SL positioning.

[0235] [Table 10]

[0236]

[0237] An example of UL SRS reference signal received power (RSRP) is shown in Table 11. The UL SRS RSRP of Table 11 may be applied to SL positioning.

[0238] [Table 11]

[0239]

[0240] Table 12 shows an example of SL channel busy rate (CBR).

[0241] [Table 12]

[0242]

[0243] Table 13 shows an example of SL PRS CBR.

[0244] [Table 13]

[0245]

[0246] Table 14 illustrates an example of the SL received signal strength indicator (SL RSSI).

[0247] [Table 14]

[0248]

[0249] Table 15 illustrates an example of SL channel occupancy rate (CR).

[0250] [Table 15]

[0251]

[0252] NOTE 1: a is a positive integer, and b is 0 or a positive integer; a and b are determined by the UE implementation, where a+b+1=1000 or 1000·2 according to the higher layer parameter sl-TimeWindowSizeCR. u time slots, b<(a+b+1) / 2, and n+b should not exceed the last sending opportunity of the currently sent grant.

[0253] NOTE 2: SL CR is evaluated for each (re)transmission.

[0254] NOTE 3: When evaluating the SL CR, the UE shall assume that the transmit parameters used at slot n are reused for transmission according to the existing grant(s) in slots [n+1, n+b] without dropping packets.

[0255] NOTE 4: The slot index is based on the physical slot index.

[0256] Note 5: SL CR can be calculated based on priority level.

[0257] NOTE 6: A resource is considered authorized if it is a member of the selected sidelink authorization.

[0258] At the same time, since conventional CBR measurement is defined in a resource pool that only allows SL communication, if both a dedicated resource pool for transmitting the SL PRS for SL positioning and a shared resource pool for transmitting channels / signals for SL positioning other than the SL PRS are used, it is necessary to define a CBR measurement method for transmitting the SL PRS. At the same time, since conventional CBR measurement is defined in a resource pool that only allows SL communication, if both channels / signals related to SL positioning and channels / signals related to SL communication are transmitted in the shared resource pool, it is necessary to define a CBR measurement method in the resource pool.

[0259] Meanwhile, if reference signals (e.g., PRS, DMRS, channel state information (CSI)-RS, phase tracking (PT)-RS, SRS, etc.) are multiplexed within a time slot (e.g., TDM, FDM, comb-based multiplexing, etc.) without considering channel congestion, channel congestion may increase, and thus communication reliability may not be guaranteed. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a method for transmitting reference signals taking into account channel congestion and a device supporting the method.

[0260] In the present disclosure, the term “SL PRS” may be replaced with the term “reference signal”.

[0261] In this disclosure, the following terms may be used.

[0262] -LMF: Location Management Function

[0263] -UE-triggered SL positioning: Sidelink (SL) positioning triggered by the UE

[0264] -SL positioning triggered by base station / LMF: SL positioning triggered by base station / LMF

[0265] -UE-controlled SL positioning: SL positioning in which the UE creates a SL positioning group

[0266] -Base station controlled SL positioning: SL positioning of SL positioning groups created by the base station

[0267] -UE-based SL positioning: SL positioning in which the UE position is calculated by the UE

[0268] -UE-assisted SL positioning: SL positioning where the UE position is calculated by the base station / LMF

[0269] -SL positioning group: UEs participating in SL positioning

[0270] -Target UE (T-UE): UE whose location is calculated

[0271] -Server UE (S-UE): UE that assists T-UE in SL positioning

[0272] -Anchor UE: UE that assists T-UE positioning

[0273] -MG: Measurement gaps that only allow SL PRS transmission

[0274] -MW: Measurement window capable of sending SL data and SL PRS in a multiplexed manner

[0275] -SL PRS:SL PRS

[0276] -CCH: Control Channel

[0277] - Inter-UE Coordination (IUC) message: A message received by a TX UE from other UEs, including a RX UE, that includes information about a set of resources suitable for transmission (preferred resources) and / or information about a set of resources unsuitable for the TX UE to transmit to the RX UE (non-preferred resources)

[0278] For example, the SL PRS transmission resources may include an SL PRS resource set including the following information.

[0279] -SL PRS resource set ID

[0280] -SL PRS resource ID list: List of SL PRS resource IDs in the SL PRS resource set

[0281] -SL PRS resource type: can be set to periodic, aperiodic, semi-persistent or on-demand

[0282] -Alpha for SL PRS power control

[0283] -P0 for SL PRS power control

[0284] - Path loss reference for SL PRS power control: can be set to SL SSB or DLPRS or UL SRS or UL SRS or PSCCH DMRS or PSSCH DMRS or PSFCH or SL CSI RS for positioning, etc.

[0285] For example, the SL PRS resource set may include SL PRS resources including the following information.

[0286] -SL PRS resource ID

[0287] -SL PRS comb size: Spacing between REs used for SL PRS transmission within a symbol

[0288] -SL PRS comb offset: RE index where SL PRS is first transmitted within the first SL PRS symbol

[0289] -SL PRS comb cyclic shift: Cyclic shift used to generate the sequence that constitutes the SL PRS

[0290] -SL PRS starting position: the index of the first symbol where SL PRS is transmitted in one slot

[0291] -SL PRS symbol number: The number of symbols configured for SL PRS in one time slot

[0292] - Frequency domain shift: The lowest frequency position (index) in the frequency domain where the SL PRS is transmitted

[0293] -SL PRS BW: Frequency bandwidth used to send SL PRS

[0294] -SL PRS resource type: can be set to periodic, aperiodic, semi-persistent or on-demand

[0295] -SL PRS periodicity: The time domain periodicity between SL PRS resources, in units of physical time slots or logical time slots in the resource pool where SL PRS is sent

[0296] -SL PRS offset: The offset in the time domain of the start of the first SL PRS resource relative to the reference timing, in units of physical time slots or logical time slots in the resource pool where the SL PRS is transmitted. The reference timing can be SFN=0 or DFN=0, or the time when the RRC / MAC-CE / DCI / SCI associated with the SL PRS resource is successfully received or decoded.

[0297] -SL PRS Sequence ID

[0298] -SL PRS spatial relationship: can be set to SL SSB or DL ​​PRS or UL SRS or UL SRS or PSCCH DMRS or PSSCH DMRS or PSFCH or SL CSI RS, etc. for positioning.

[0299] -SL PRS CCH: SL PRS control channel, which can be used to send SL PRS resource configuration information, resource location and other signals.

[0300] For example, when performing SL positioning, the SL PRS may be transmitted in resource pool A (e.g., a dedicated resource pool for SL PRS transmission), and channels / signals related to the SL PRS may be transmitted in resource pool B (e.g., a shared resource pool for transmitting SL communication channels / signals, positioning trigger / control information related to the SL PRS, SCI, measurement results, location information, etc.). In this case, the CBR value estimated for adjusting the SL PRS transmission parameters in time slot n within resource pool A can be defined as follows.

[0301] For example, congestion control of the SL PRS can be performed based on the CR and CBR in resource pool B.

[0302] For example, based on the CR and CBR measurement values ​​measured in resource pool B at a time N time slots before time slot n at which the SL PRS CCH associated with the SL PRS is transmitted (e.g., PSCCH (first SCI) / PSSCH (second SCI) of the SCH associated with the SL PRS is transmitted), congestion control of the SL PRS in resource pool A can be performed, the SL PRS being transmitted after a time gap required for pool switching from the time of time slots n–N. For example, N may be the UE processing time required to transmit the SLPRS based on the measured CR and CBR.

[0303] For example, the SL PRS CCH may be transmitted through a dedicated time slot separated from a time slot for SL communication. For example, based on the number of symbols used for SL PRS, if a maximum of L SLPRS resources can be multiplexed within one time slot for SL PRS CCH transmission, the SL PRS CCH may be transmitted through a bandwidth corresponding to floor(1 / L) (the largest natural number less than or equal to 1 / L) of the bandwidth of resource pool B. For example, the size of the subchannel (SCH) for transmitting the SL PRS CCH associated with the SL PRS may be (pre)configured in resource pool B. For example, within the time slot for SL PRS CCH transmission, the position of each SL PRSCCH resource in the frequency domain may correspond one to one to the position of the associated SL PRS resource in the time domain. For example, there may be a one-to-one correspondence between the SCH index and the SL PRS resource ID.

[0304] For example, according to the above operation, the CR associated with the SL PRS can be defined as in Table 16.

[0305] [Table 16]

[0306]

[0307] For example, according to the above operation, the CBR associated with the SL PRS can be defined as in Table 17.

[0308] [Table 17]

[0309]

[0310] For example, the SLRSSI may be measured only in the candidate frequency domain and / or time domain where the PSCCH / PSSCH may be transmitted within a time slot. For example, if the SCH size for transmitting the PSCCH / PSSCH is (pre)configured, the received signal strength indicator may be measured only in the candidate symbol positions where the PSCCH / PSSCH may be transmitted within the SCH within the time slot.

[0311] For example, the priority value of the SL PRS and the priority value of the related SL PRS CCH may be different. In this case, for example, congestion control may be performed based on the priority value of the SL PRS. For example, congestion control may be performed based on the priority value of the related SL PRS CCH. For example, congestion control may be performed based on the priority value of the SL PRS and the priority value of the related SL PRS CCH. For example, congestion control may be performed using the smaller (or larger) of the two priority values ​​or a value equal to them.

[0312] For example, congestion control may include: in SL PRS transmission resource selection, determining the candidate resource selection window length and / or the RSRP threshold and / or the target candidate resource ratio for candidate resource exclusion / selection based on the priority value, preemption related to SLPRS transmission, etc., and / or determining the maximum value of CR.

[0313] For example, when data transmitted through SL PRS CCH is multiplexed with data transmitted through PSCCH / PSSCH for SL communication through logical channel multiplexing, the priority of SL PRS CCH may be different from the priority of SL PRS, and thus the priority of SL PRS may be changed. To address this situation, the priority of SL PRS before the change may be transmitted through SCH associated with the multiplexed data. For example, the priority of PSCCH / PSSCH for SL communication, which is logically channel multiplexed with data transmitted through SL PRS CCH, may be limited to a priority that is the same as or lower than the priority of SL PRS CCH or the priority of SL PRS.

[0314] For example, if according to CR and CBR measurements, SL PRS transmission is dropped, (re)selection of SL PRS resources may be performed.

[0315] For example, after congestion control, the CR and CBR measurement values ​​related to SL PRS transmission can be updated based on the CR and CBR measurement values ​​measured in resource pool A up to a time of M time slots before the transmission time slot m of the SL PRS, and congestion control for the SL PRS can be performed based on the updated measurement values. For example, congestion control for each priority level of the SL PRS and the related PSCCH / PSSCH can be applied. For example, if the SL PRS transmission is discarded based on the additional CR and CBR measurements, (re)selection of the SL PRS resources can be performed.

[0316] For example, the above-mentioned CR and CBR values ​​can be determined based on both the CR and CBR values ​​measured in resource pool A and the CR and CBR values ​​measured in resource pool B. For example, the final CR value can be determined as the average of the CR values ​​measured in the two resource pools. For example, the final CR value can be determined as the maximum of the CR values ​​measured in the two resource pools. For example, the final CR value can be determined as the minimum of the CR values ​​measured in the two resource pools. For example, the final CBR value can be determined as the average of the CBR values ​​measured in the two resource pools. For example, the final CBR value can be determined as the maximum of the CBR values ​​measured in the two resource pools. For example, the final CBR value can be determined as the minimum of the CBR values ​​measured in the two resource pools.

[0317] For example, if a channel / signal for SL communication and a channel / signal for SL positioning are sent in the same time slot in the same shared resource pool, the CR and / or CBR used to send the channel / signal for SL communication and the channel / signal for SL positioning in the shared resource pool can be measured in the following manner, and congestion control can be performed based on this.

[0318] For example, in a time slot within a shared resource pool, if the time and / or frequency domain resources for sending the channel / signal for SL communication and the time and / or frequency domain resources for sending the channel / signal for SL positioning do not overlap with each other and are separated, then the CR and / or CBR for the shared resource pool can be measured separately as the CR and / or CBR measured only in the time and / or frequency domain for sending the channel / signal for SL communication and the CR and / or CBR measured only in the time and / or frequency domain for sending the channel / signal for SL positioning.

[0319] For example, in a time slot within a shared resource pool, if the time and / or frequency domain resources for transmitting a channel / signal for SL communication overlap and are shared with the time and / or frequency domain resources for transmitting a channel / signal for SL positioning, SL communication can be transmitted in the time domain corresponding to all symbols in the time slot in the frequency domain corresponding to the (pre)configured subchannel (SCH) size in the shared resource pool, and SL positioning can be transmitted in the entire frequency domain of the shared resource pool in one or more symbols corresponding to the (pre)configured SL PRS resource (set) in the shared resource pool. In this case, the RSSI threshold value related to the CBR measurement for SL communication in the shared resource pool can be configured separately from the (pre)configured RSSI threshold value in the dedicated resource pool used only for SL communication.

[0320] For example, since all symbols in a time slot may not be used for SL positioning-related transmission (e.g., SL PRS), the CBR value measured based on the SCH configuration in the shared resource pool may be smaller than the CBR value measured based on the SCH configuration used for SL communication in the dedicated resource pool. Therefore, the RSSI threshold to be used for CBR measurement for SL communication in the shared resource pool may be (pre)configured to be smaller than or equal to the RSSI threshold (pre)configured in the dedicated resource pool used only for SL communication. For example, the RSSI threshold (pre)configured in the dedicated resource pool used only for SL communication may be used as the RSSI threshold to be used for CBR measurement for SL communication in the shared resource pool, and for the shared resource pool, the measured CBR value may be added to determine the final CBR value. For example, the final CBR value may be determined by adding a (pre)configured offset value to the measured CBR value. For example, the final CBR value may be determined by multiplying the measured CBR value by a (pre)configured weight value. For example, the offset value or the weight value may be determined based on the number of one or more symbols included in the SL PRS resource. For example, the weight value may be determined based on a ratio of the number of symbols included in the SL PRS resource to the total number of symbols (used for SL communication) in one slot.

[0321] For example, in the above case, the RSSI threshold associated with the CBR measurement for SL positioning in the shared resource pool may be configured separately from the (pre-)configured RSSI threshold in the dedicated resource pool used only for SL positioning.

[0322] For example, since the entire bandwidth of the shared resource pool may not be used by transmissions related to SL communication (e.g., PSCCH / PSSCH) within a time slot, the CBR value measured in the shared resource pool based on the SL PRS configuration may be smaller than the CBR value measured in the dedicated resource pool based on the SL PRS configuration. Therefore, the RSSI threshold to be used for CBR measurement for SL positioning in the shared resource pool may be (pre)configured to be smaller than or equal to the RSSI threshold (pre)configured in the dedicated resource pool used only for SL positioning. For example, the RSSI threshold (pre)configured in the dedicated resource pool used only for SL positioning may be used as the RSSI threshold to be used for CBR measurement for SL positioning in the shared resource pool, and for the shared resource pool, the measured CBR value may be added to determine the final CBR value. For example, the final CBR value may be determined by adding a (pre)configured offset value to the measured CBR value. For example, the final CBR value may be determined by multiplying the measured CBR value by a (pre)configured weight value. For example, the offset value or the weight value may be determined based on the bandwidth of the subchannel used for SL communication. For example, the weight value may be determined based on the ratio of the SCH bandwidth used for SL communication to the total bandwidth (used for SL positioning) within a time slot.

[0323] For example, in the above case, the CBR value in the shared resource pool can be determined based on both the CBR value measured based on the SL PRS configuration and the CBR value measured based on the SL SCH configuration. For example, the final CBR value can be determined as the average or maximum / minimum value of the two CBR values.

[0324] For example, when performing SL positioning, the SL PRS may be transmitted in resource pool A (e.g., a dedicated resource pool for SL PRS transmission), and channels / signals related to the SL PRS may be transmitted in resource pool B (e.g., a shared resource pool for transmitting SL communication channels / signals, positioning trigger / control information related to the SL PRS, SCI, measurement results, location information, etc.). In this case, the CBR value estimated for adjusting the SL PRS transmission parameters in time slot n within resource pool A can be defined as follows.

[0325] For example, congestion control of the SL PRS may be performed based on the CR and CBR in resource pool A.

[0326] For example, based on the CR and CBR measurement values ​​measured in resource pool A up to the time of N time slots before the time slot n in which the SL PRS CCH related to the SL PRS (e.g., the PSCCH (first-level SCI) / PSSCH (second-level SCI) that transmits the SCI related to the SL PRS) is transmitted, congestion control of the SL PRS can be performed. The SL PRS is transmitted after the time gap required for pool switching from the time of time slots n-N. For example, N may be the UE processing time required to transmit the SLPRS based on the measured CR and CBR. For example, according to the above operation, the CR related to the SL PRS may be as defined in Table 18.

[0327] [Table 18]

[0328]

[0329] For example, according to the above operation, the CBR associated with the SL PRS can be defined as in Table 19.

[0330] [Table 19]

[0331]

[0332] For example, the priority value of the SL PRS and the priority value of the related SL PRS CCH may be different. In this case, for example, congestion control may be performed based on the priority value of the SL PRS. For example, congestion control may be performed based on the priority value of the related SL PRS CCH. For example, congestion control may be performed based on the priority value of the SL PRS and the priority value of the related SL PRS CCH. For example, congestion control may be performed using the smaller (or larger) of the two priority values ​​or a value equal to them.

[0333] For example, congestion control may include: in SL PRS transmission resource selection, determining the candidate resource selection window length and / or the RSRP threshold and / or the target candidate resource ratio for candidate resource exclusion / selection based on the priority value, preemption related to SLPRS transmission, etc., and / or determining the maximum value of CR.

[0334] For example, when data transmitted through SL PRS CCH is multiplexed with data transmitted through PSCCH / PSSCH for SL communication through logical channel multiplexing, the priority of SL PRS CCH may be different from the priority of SL PRS, and thus the priority of SL PRS may be changed. To address this situation, the priority of SL PRS before the change may be transmitted through SCH associated with the multiplexed data. For example, the priority of PSCCH / PSSCH for SL communication, which is logically channel multiplexed with data transmitted through SL PRS CCH, may be limited to a priority that is the same as or lower than the priority of SL PRS CCH or the priority of SL PRS.

[0335] For example, if according to CR and CBR measurements, SL PRS transmission is dropped, (re)selection of SL PRS resources may be performed.

[0336] For example, after congestion control, the CR and CBR measurement values ​​associated with SL PRS transmission can be updated based on the CR and CBR measurement values ​​measured in resource pool A up to a time of M time slots before the transmission time slot m of the SL PRS, and congestion control for the SL PRS can be performed based on the updated measurement values. For example, congestion control for each priority level of the SL PRS and the related PSCCH / PSSCH can be applied. For example, if the SL PRS transmission is discarded based on the additional CR and CBR measurements, (re)selection of the SL PRS resources can be performed.

[0337] For example, in the above case, the CR and CBR measurements for the channel / signal transmission related to the SL PRS in resource pool B may be performed as follows. For example, the CR and CBR measurement values ​​for the channel / signal transmission related to the SL PRS in resource pool B may be determined based only on the CR and CBR measurement values ​​of resource pool B. For example, the CR and CBR measurement values ​​for the channel / signal transmission related to the SL PRS in resource pool B may be determined based only on the CR and CBR measurement values ​​of resource pool A. For example, the CR and CBR measurement values ​​for the channel / signal transmission related to the SLPRS in resource pool B may be determined based on both the CR and CBR measurement values ​​of resource pool A and the CR and CBR measurement values ​​of resource pool B. For example, the final CR value may be determined based on the average or maximum / minimum value of the CR values ​​of the two resource pools, and the final CBR value may be determined based on the average or maximum / minimum value of the CBR values ​​of the two resource pools.

[0338] For example, based on the above CBR measurement value, SL PRS transmission and transmission parameters can be adjusted in the resource pool as follows.

[0339] For example, it can be determined whether to multiplex SL PRS resources transmitted by different UEs in one time slot based on TDM. For example, based on the above-mentioned CBR measurement value, it can be determined whether to multiplex SL PRS resources transmitted by different UEs in one time slot based on TDM. For example, if the CBR value is greater than a threshold, TDM-based SL PRS transmission may not be performed, and if the CBR value is less than the threshold, TDM-based SL PRS transmission may be performed. For example, this operation may be limited to a case where the priority value associated with the SL PRS to be transmitted is greater than a threshold.

[0340] Figure 15 An example of performing TDM-based resource multiplexing for a reference signal within a time slot based on channel congestion according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated. Figure 15 The embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0341] Reference Figure 15 Based on channel congestion, resources for reference signals transmitted within a time slot may be TDM-based. For example, if the channel congestion value is greater than a threshold, TDM-based reference signal transmission may be disallowed, and if the channel congestion value is less than the threshold, TDM-based reference signal transmission may be permitted. For example, this operation may be limited to a case where the priority value associated with the reference signal to be transmitted is greater than a threshold.

[0342] For example, in the above case, the number of TDM intervals within one time slot may be determined based on the CBR. For example, if the CBR value is greater than a threshold, the number of TDM intervals may be reduced, and if the CBR value is less than the threshold, the number of TDM intervals may be increased. For example, this operation may be limited to a case where the priority value associated with the SL PRS to be transmitted is greater than a threshold. For example, in Figure 15 In an embodiment, the value of N may be determined based on a channel congestion value.

[0343] Figure 16 An example of performing comb-based resource multiplexing for a reference signal within a time slot according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated. Figure 16 The embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0344] For example, it may be determined whether to use comb-based multiplexing to multiplex SLPRS resources transmitted by different UEs within a time slot. For example, if the CBR value is greater than a threshold, SL PRS transmission may not be performed based on comb-based multiplexing, and if the CBR value is less than the threshold, SL PRS transmission may be performed based on comb-based multiplexing. For example, this operation may be limited to a case where the priority value associated with the SL PRS to be transmitted is greater than a threshold.

[0345] For example, in the above case, the number of comb RE offsets allowed for comb-based multiplexing within a time slot can be determined based on the CBR. For example, if the CBR value is greater than a threshold, the number of comb RE offsets allowed for comb-based multiplexing can be reduced, and if the CBR value is less than the threshold, the number of comb RE offsets allowed for comb-based multiplexing can be increased. For example, this operation can be limited to the case where the priority value associated with the SL PRS to be transmitted is greater than the threshold.

[0346] For example, the total number of SL PRS resources allowed to be multiplexed using TDM and / or comb-based multiplexing within a time slot may be determined based on the measured CBR. For example, if the CBR value is greater than a threshold, the total number of SL PRS resources allowed to be multiplexed may be reduced, and if the CBR value is less than the threshold, the total number of SL PRS resources allowed to be multiplexed may be increased. For example, this operation may be limited to a case where the priority value associated with the SL PRS to be transmitted is greater than a threshold.

[0347] For example, whether to apply the rules and / or the parameter values ​​associated with the proposed method / rules may be configured / allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for the service type. For example, whether to apply the rules and / or the parameter values ​​associated with the proposed method / rules may be configured / allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for the (LCH or service) priority. For example, whether to apply the rules and / or the parameter values ​​associated with the proposed method / rules may be configured / allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for the QoS requirements (e.g., latency, reliability, minimum communication range). For example, whether to apply the rules and / or the parameter values ​​associated with the proposed method / rules may be configured / allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for the PQI parameters. For example, whether to apply the rules and / or the parameter values ​​associated with the proposed method / rules may be configured / allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for the LCH / MAC PDU (transmission) with SL HARQ feedback enabled. For example, whether to apply the rules and / or the parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rules can be specifically (or differently or independently) configured / allowed for LCH / MAC PDU (transmission) with SL HARQ feedback disabled. For example, whether to apply the rules and / or the parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rules can be specifically (or differently or independently) configured / allowed for the CBR measurement value of the resource pool. For example, whether to apply the rules and / or the parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rules can be specifically (or differently or independently) configured / allowed for the SL broadcast type (e.g., unicast, multicast, broadcast). For example, whether to apply the rules and / or the parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rules can be specifically (or differently or independently) configured / allowed for the SL multicast HARQ feedback options (e.g., NACK feedback only, ACK / NACK feedback, NACK feedback based only on TX-RX distance). For example, whether to apply the rule and / or the parameter value related to the proposed method / rule may be specifically (or differently or independently) configured / allowed for the SL mode 1 CG type (e.g., SL CG type 1 or SL CG type 2). For example, whether to apply the rule and / or the parameter value related to the proposed method / rule may be specifically (or differently or independently) configured / allowed for the SL mode type (e.g., mode 1 or mode 2). For example, whether to apply the rule and / or the parameter value related to the proposed method / rule may be specifically (or differently or independently) configured / allowed for the resource pool. For example, whether to apply the rule and / or the parameter value related to the proposed method / rule may be specifically (or differently or independently) configured / allowed for whether the PSFCH resource is configured in the resource pool. For example, whether to apply the rule and / or the parameter value related to the proposed method / rule may be specifically (or differently or independently) configured / allowed for whether the PSFCH resource is configured in the resource pool. For example, whether to apply the rule and / or the parameter value related to the proposed method / rule may be specifically (or differently or independently) configured / allowed for the source (L2) ID.For example, whether to apply the rule and / or the parameter value related to the proposed method / rule can be configured / allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for the destination (L2) ID. For example, whether to apply the rule and / or the parameter value related to the proposed method / rule can be configured / allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for the PC5 RRC connection link. For example, whether to apply the rule and / or the parameter value related to the proposed method / rule can be configured / allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for the SL link. For example, whether to apply the rule and / or the parameter value related to the proposed method / rule can be configured / allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for the connection state (with the base station) (e.g., RRC connection state, idle state, inactive state). For example, whether to apply the rule and / or the parameter value related to the proposed method / rule can be configured / allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for the SL HARQ process (ID). For example, whether to apply the rules and / or the parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rules may be specifically (or differently or independently) configured / allowed depending on whether SL DRX operation is performed (TX UE or RX UE). For example, whether to apply the rules and / or the parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rules may be specifically (or differently or independently) configured / allowed depending on whether the UE is an energy-saving (TX or RX) UE. For example, whether to apply the rules and / or the parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rules may be specifically (or differently or independently) configured / allowed depending on whether the UE is an energy-saving (TX or RX) UE. For example, whether to apply the rules and / or the parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rules may be specifically (or differently or independently) configured / allowed depending on the case where PSFCH TX and PSFCH RX (and / or multiple PSFCH TX (exceeding UE capabilities)) overlap (and / or the case where PSFCH TX (and / or PSFCH RX) is skipped) (from the perspective of a specific UE). For example, whether to apply the rules and / or the parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rules may be specifically (or differently or independently) configured / allowed depending on the case where the RX UE actually (successfully) receives a PSCCH (and / or PSSCH) (re)transmission from the TX UE.

[0348] For example, in the present disclosure, the term "configured / configured (or designated / specified)" can be extended to / interpreted as the base station notifying the UE through a predefined (physical layer or higher layer) channel / signal (e.g., SIB, RRC, MAC CE) (and / or being provided through pre-configuration and / or the UE notifying other UEs through a predefined (physical layer or higher layer) channel / signal (e.g., SL MAC CE, PC5 RRC)).

[0349] For example, in the present disclosure, the term "PSFCH" can be extended to / interpreted as (NR or LTE) PSSCH (and / or (NR or LTE) PSCCH) (and / or (NR or LTE) SL SSB (and / or UL channel / signal)). In addition, the methods proposed in the present disclosure can be used in combination with each other (as a new approach).

[0350] For example, in the present disclosure, a specific threshold value may refer to a threshold value predefined or (pre-) configured by a higher layer (including an application layer) of the network, a base station, or a UE. For example, in the present disclosure, a specific configuration value may refer to a value predefined or (pre-) configured by a higher layer (including an application layer) of the network, a base station, or a UE. For example, the operation of network / base station configuration may refer to the base station (pre-) configuring the UE via higher layer RRC signaling, or configuring / signaling the UE via MAC CE, or signaling the UE via DCI.

[0351] Figure 17 A method for a first device to perform wireless communication based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated. Figure 17 The embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0352] Reference Figure 17 In step S1710, the first device may obtain information related to a resource pool used for reference signal transmission. In step S1720, the first device may measure a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) for the resource pool over a channel busy rate (CBR) measurement window. In step S1730, the first device may obtain the CBR based on the measurement.

[0353] For example, whether reference signal resources are multiplexed in the time domain within a time slot may be determined based on the CBR. For example, if a priority value associated with reference signal transmission is greater than a threshold priority value, whether reference signal resources are multiplexed in the time domain within a time slot may be determined based on the CBR. For example, control information for scheduling reference signal transmission may include a priority value associated with reference signal transmission. For example, if the CBR is greater than a threshold, reference signal resources may not be multiplexed in the time domain within a time slot. For example, if the CBR is less than a threshold, reference signal resources may be multiplexed in the time domain within a time slot.

[0354] For example, the number of reference signal resources multiplexed within a time slot may be determined based on the CBR. For example, if a priority value associated with reference signal transmission is greater than a threshold priority value, the number of reference signal resources multiplexed within a time slot may be determined based on the CBR. For example, if the CBR is greater than the threshold, the number of reference signal resources multiplexed within the time slot may be reduced. For example, if the CBR is less than the threshold, the number of reference signal resources multiplexed within the time slot may be increased.

[0355] For example, whether reference signal resources are multiplexed using comb-based multiplexing within a time slot may be determined based on the CBR. For example, if a priority value associated with reference signal transmission is greater than a threshold priority value, whether reference signal resources are multiplexed using comb-based multiplexing within a time slot may be determined based on the CBR. For example, if the CBR is greater than the threshold, reference signal resources may not be multiplexed using comb-based multiplexing within a time slot. For example, if the CBR is less than the threshold, reference signal resources may be multiplexed using comb-based multiplexing within a time slot.

[0356] For example, the number of resource element (RE) offsets associated with reference signal resources multiplexed using comb-based multiplexing within a time slot may be determined based on the CBR. For example, based on a priority value associated with reference signal transmission being greater than a threshold priority value, the number of RE offsets associated with reference signal resources multiplexed using comb-based multiplexing within a time slot may be determined based on the CBR. For example, based on the CBR being greater than the threshold, the number of RE offsets associated with reference signal resources multiplexed using comb-based multiplexing within a time slot may be reduced. For example, based on the CBR being less than the threshold, the number of RE offsets associated with reference signal resources multiplexed using comb-based multiplexing within a time slot may be increased.

[0357] The proposed method can be applied to devices based on various embodiments of the present disclosure. First, the processor 102 of the first device 100 can obtain information related to a resource pool used for reference signal transmission. In addition, the processor 102 of the first device 100 can measure the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) for the resource pool over a channel busy rate (CBR) measurement window. In addition, the processor 102 of the first device 100 can obtain the CBR based on the measurement.

[0358] Based on the embodiments of the present disclosure, a first device suitable for performing wireless communication may be provided. For example, the first device may include: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, upon being executed by the at least one processor, may cause the first device to perform operations including: obtaining information related to a resource pool for reference signal transmission; measuring a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) for the resource pool over a channel busy rate (CBR) measurement window; and obtaining the CBR based on the measurement.

[0359] Based on the embodiments of the present disclosure, a processing device suitable for controlling a first device may be provided. For example, the processing device may include: at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, upon being executed by the at least one processor, may cause the first device to perform operations including: obtaining information related to a resource pool for reference signal transmission; measuring a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) for the resource pool over a channel busy rate (CBR) measurement window; and obtaining the CBR based on the measurement.

[0360] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions may be provided. For example, when executed, the instructions may cause a first apparatus to perform operations including: obtaining information related to a resource pool used for reference signal transmission; measuring a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) for the resource pool over a channel busy rate (CBR) measurement window; and obtaining the CBR based on the measurement.

[0361] Figure 18 A method for a second device to perform wireless communication according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 18 The embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0362] Reference Figure 18 In step S1810, the second device may obtain information related to a resource pool for receiving a reference signal. In step S1820, the second device may receive a reference signal from the first device.

[0363] For example, whether the reference signal resources are multiplexed in the time domain within the time slot may be determined based on a channel busy rate (CBR) obtained from a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) for the resource pool measured over a CBR measurement window. For example, if a priority value associated with reference signal transmission is greater than a threshold priority value, whether the reference signal resources are multiplexed in the time domain within the time slot may be determined based on the CBR. For example, if the CBR is greater than the threshold, the reference signal resources may not be multiplexed in the time domain within the time slot. For example, if the CBR is less than the threshold, the reference signal resources may be multiplexed in the time domain within the time slot.

[0364] For example, the number of reference signal resources multiplexed within a time slot may be determined based on the CBR. For example, if a priority value associated with reference signal transmission is greater than a threshold priority value, the number of reference signal resources multiplexed within a time slot may be determined based on the CBR. For example, if the CBR is greater than the threshold, the number of reference signal resources multiplexed within the time slot may be reduced. For example, if the CBR is less than the threshold, the number of reference signal resources multiplexed within the time slot may be increased.

[0365] For example, whether reference signal resources are multiplexed using comb-based multiplexing within a time slot may be determined based on the CBR. For example, if a priority value associated with reference signal transmission is greater than a threshold priority value, whether reference signal resources are multiplexed using comb-based multiplexing within a time slot may be determined based on the CBR. For example, if the CBR is greater than the threshold, reference signal resources may not be multiplexed using comb-based multiplexing within a time slot. For example, if the CBR is less than the threshold, reference signal resources may be multiplexed using comb-based multiplexing within a time slot.

[0366] For example, the number of resource element (RE) offsets associated with reference signal resources multiplexed using comb-based multiplexing within a time slot may be determined based on the CBR. For example, based on a priority value associated with reference signal transmission being greater than a threshold priority value, the number of RE offsets associated with reference signal resources multiplexed using comb-based multiplexing within a time slot may be determined based on the CBR. For example, based on the CBR being greater than the threshold, the number of RE offsets associated with reference signal resources multiplexed using comb-based multiplexing within a time slot may be reduced. For example, based on the CBR being less than the threshold, the number of RE offsets associated with reference signal resources multiplexed using comb-based multiplexing within a time slot may be increased.

[0367] The proposed method can be applied to devices based on various embodiments of the present disclosure. First, the processor 202 of the second device 200 can obtain information related to a resource pool for reference signal reception. In addition, the processor 202 of the second device 200 can control the transceiver 206 to receive the reference signal from the first device.

[0368] Based on embodiments of the present disclosure, a second device adapted to perform wireless communications may be provided. For example, the second device may include: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, upon execution of the instructions by the at least one processor, the second device may perform operations including: obtaining information related to a resource pool for reference signal reception; and receiving a reference signal from a first device.

[0369] Based on embodiments of the present disclosure, a processing device suitable for controlling a second device may be provided. For example, the processing device may include: at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, upon execution of the instructions by the at least one processor, the second device may perform operations including: obtaining information related to a resource pool for reference signal reception; and receiving a reference signal from the first device.

[0370] Based on embodiments of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions may be provided. For example, when executed, the instructions may cause a second device to perform operations including: obtaining information related to a resource pool for reference signal reception; and receiving a reference signal from a first device.

[0371] Based on various embodiments of the present disclosure, it can be determined whether reference signal resources are multiplexed in the time domain and / or whether reference signal resources are multiplexed based on comb-shaped multiplexing and / or the number of reference signal resources multiplexed within a time slot and / or the number of RE offsets associated with reference signal resources based on channel congestion. In this way, the amount of resources used for reference signal transmission and data transmission can be adaptively adjusted based on channel congestion. For example, if the channel congestion is high, the resources used for data transmission within the time slot can be ensured by not allowing time domain multiplexing between reference signal resources within the time slot. This can reduce congestion in the resource pool. On the other hand, for example, if the channel congestion is low, time domain multiplexing between reference signal resources within the time slot can be allowed, thereby effectively supporting reference signal-based communications (e.g., positioning, channel state measurement, etc.).

[0372] Various embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with each other.

[0373] Hereinafter, devices to which various embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied will be described.

[0374] The various descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods and / or operational flows of the present disclosure described herein may be applied to, but not limited to, various fields requiring wireless communication / connection between devices (e.g., 5G).

[0375] Hereinafter, a more detailed description will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following drawings / descriptions, unless otherwise described, the same reference numerals may represent the same or corresponding hardware blocks, software blocks or functional blocks.

[0376] Figure 19 A communication system 1 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 19 The embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0377] Reference Figure 19, a communication system 1 to which various embodiments of the present disclosure are applied includes a wireless device, a base station (BS), and a network. Herein, a wireless device refers to a device that performs communication using a radio access technology (RAT) (e.g., 5G New RAT (NR) or Long Term Evolution (LTE)), and may be referred to as a communication / radio / 5G device. The wireless device may include, but is not limited to, a robot 100a, a vehicle (100b-1, 100b-2), an extended reality (XR) device 100c, a handheld device 100d, a home appliance 100e, an Internet of Things (IoT) device 100f, and an artificial intelligence (AI) device / server 400. For example, a vehicle may include a vehicle with a wireless communication function, an autonomous vehicle, and a vehicle capable of performing inter-vehicle communication. Herein, a vehicle may include an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) (e.g., a drone) and / or an aircraft (AV) (e.g., an advanced air mobility (AAM)). XR devices may include augmented reality (AR) / virtual reality (VR) / mixed reality (MR) devices and may be implemented in the form of a head-mounted device (HMD), a head-up display (HUD) installed in a vehicle, a television, a smartphone, a computer, a wearable device, a home appliance device, a digital signage, a vehicle, a robot, etc. Handheld devices may include smartphones, smart pads, wearable devices (e.g., smart watches or smart glasses), and computers (e.g., notebooks). Home appliances may include TVs, refrigerators, and washing machines. IoT devices may include sensors and smart meters. For example, a BS and a network may be implemented as wireless devices, and a specific wireless device 200a may operate as a BS / network node relative to other wireless devices.

[0378] Here, in addition to LTE, NR, and 6G, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices 100a to 100f of the present disclosure may also include narrowband IoT for low-power communication. In this case, for example, NB-IoT technology may be an example of low-power wide area network (LPWAN) technology and may be implemented as standards such as LTE Cat NB1 and / or LTE Cat NB2, without being limited to the above names. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices 100a to 100f of the present disclosure may perform communication based on LTE-M technology. In this case, as an example, LTE-M technology may be an example of LPWAN and may be referred to by various names including enhanced machine type communication (eMTC). For example, LTE-M technology may be implemented as at least any one of various standards such as 1) LTE CAT 0, 2) LTE Cat M1, 3) LTE Cat M2, 4) LTE non-bandwidth limited (non-BL), 5) LTE-MTC, 6) LTE machine type communication, and / or 7) LTE M, without being limited to the above names. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices 100a to 100f of the present disclosure may include at least one of Bluetooth, a low-power wide area network (LPWAN), and ZigBee considering low-power communication, and is not limited to the above names. As an example, ZigBee technology can generate a personal area network (PAN) related to low / low-power digital communication based on various standards including IEEE 802.15.4, and may be referred to by various names.

[0379] Wireless devices 100a to 100f can be connected to a network 300 via a BS 200. AI technology can be applied to wireless devices 100a to 100f, and wireless devices 100a to 100f can be connected to an AI server 400 via the network 300. The network 300 can be configured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, or a 5G (e.g., NR) network. Although wireless devices 100a to 100f can communicate with each other via the BS 200 / network 300, wireless devices 100a to 100f can perform direct communication (e.g., sidelink communication) with each other without going through the BS / network. For example, vehicles 100b-1 and 100b-2 can perform direct communication (e.g., vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) / vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication). IoT devices (e.g., sensors) can perform direct communication with other IoT devices (e.g., sensors) or other wireless devices 100a to 100f.

[0380] Wireless communication / connection 150a, 150b, or 150c may be established between wireless devices 100a to 100f / BS 200 or BS 200 / BS 200. Here, the wireless communication / connection may be established via various RATs (e.g., 5G NR), such as uplink / downlink communication 150a, sidelink communication 150b (or D2D communication), or inter-BS communication (e.g., relay, integrated access backhaul (IAB)). The wireless device and the BS / wireless device may transmit / receive radio signals to / from each other via the wireless communication / connections 150a and 150b. For example, the wireless communication / connections 150a and 150b may transmit / receive signals via various physical channels. To this end, various configuration information configuration processes, various signal processing processes (e.g., channel coding / decoding, modulation / demodulation, and resource mapping / demapping), and at least a portion of the resource allocation process for transmitting / receiving radio signals may be performed based on various proposals of the present disclosure.

[0381] Figure 20 A wireless device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 20 The embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0382] Reference Figure 20 , the first wireless device 100 and the second wireless device 200 can transmit radio signals through various RATs (e.g., LTE and NR). Herein, {the first wireless device 100 and the second wireless device 200} may correspond to Figure 19 {wireless device 100x and BS 200} and / or {wireless device 100x and wireless device 100x} in.

[0383] The first wireless device 100 may include one or more processors 102 and one or more memories 104, and may additionally include one or more transceivers 106 and / or one or more antennas 108. The processor(s) 102 may control the memory(s) 104 and / or the transceiver(s) 106, and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed herein. For example, the processor(s) 102 may process information in the memory(s) 104 to generate first information / signals, and then transmit a radio signal including the first information / signals through the transceiver(s) 106. The processor(s) 102 may receive a radio signal including second information / signals through the transceiver 106, and then store information obtained by processing the second information / signals in the memory(s) 104. The memory(s) 104 may be connected to the processor(s) 102 and may store various information related to the operation of the processor(s) 102. For example, the memory(s) 104 may store software code including commands for executing part or all of the processing controlled by the processor(s) 102 or for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed herein. Here, the processor(s) 102 and the memory(s) 104 may be part of a communication modem / circuitry / chip designed to implement a RAT (e.g., LTE or NR). The transceiver(s) 106 may be connected to the processor(s) 102 and transmit and / or receive radio signals via the antenna(s) 108. Each transceiver 106 may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver(s) 106 may be interchangeably used with the radio frequency (RF) unit(s). In the present disclosure, a wireless device may represent a communication modem / circuitry / chip.

[0384] The second wireless device 200 may include one or more processors 202 and one or more memories 204, and may also include one or more transceivers 206 and / or one or more antennas 208. The processor(s) 202 may control the memory(s) 204 and / or the transceiver(s) 206, and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed herein. For example, the processor(s) 202 may process information in the memory(s) 204 to generate third information / signals, and then transmit a radio signal including the third information / signals through the transceiver(s) 206. The processor(s) 202 may receive a radio signal including fourth information / signals through the transceiver(s) 106, and then store information obtained by processing the fourth information / signals in the memory(s) 204. Memory(s) 204 may be connected to processor(s) 202 and may store various information related to the operation of processor(s) 202. For example, memory(s) 204 may store software code including commands for executing part or all of the processing controlled by processor(s) 202 or for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed herein. Here, processor(s) 202 and memory(s) 204 may be part of a communication modem / circuitry / chip designed to implement a RAT (e.g., LTE or NR). Transceiver(s) 206 may be connected to processor(s) 202 and transmit and / or receive radio signals via antenna(s) 208. Each transceiver 206 may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. Transceiver(s) 206 may be used interchangeably with RF unit(s). In this disclosure, a wireless device may represent a communication modem / circuitry / chip.

[0385] The hardware elements of the wireless devices 100 and 200 will be described in more detail below. One or more protocol layers may be implemented by, but are not limited to, one or more processors 102 and 202. For example, one or more processors 102 and 202 may implement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, RRC, and SDAP). One or more processors 102 and 202 may generate one or more protocol data units (PDUs) and / or one or more service data units (SDUs) according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed herein. One or more processors 102 and 202 may generate messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed herein. One or more processors 102 and 202 may generate a signal (e.g., a baseband signal) including a PDU, SDU, message, control information, data, or information according to the description, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational procedures disclosed in this document, and provide the generated signal to one or more transceivers 106 and 206. One or more processors 102 and 202 may receive a signal (e.g., a baseband signal) from one or more transceivers 106 and 206, and obtain the PDU, SDU, message, control information, data, or information according to the description, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational procedures disclosed in this document.

[0386] One or more processors 102 and 202 may be referred to as controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, or microcomputers. One or more processors 102 and 202 may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. For example, one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), one or more digital signal processors (DSPs), one or more digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), one or more programmable logic devices (PLDs), or one or more field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) may be included in one or more processors 102 and 202. The descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software, and the firmware or software may be configured to include modules, processes, or functions. Firmware or software configured to execute the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed in this document may be included in one or more processors 102 and 202 or stored in one or more memories 104 and 204, thereby being driven by one or more processors 102 and 202. The descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods and / or operational flows disclosed in this document may be implemented using software or firmware in the form of codes, commands and / or command sets.

[0387] One or more memories 104 and 204 can be connected to one or more processors 102 and 202 and can store various types of data, signals, messages, information, programs, codes, instructions, and / or commands. One or more memories 104 and 204 can be composed of read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), flash memory, hard drive, registers, cash memory, computer-readable storage media, and / or combinations thereof. One or more memories 104 and 204 can be located internally and / or externally to one or more processors 102 and 202. One or more memories 104 and 204 can be connected to one or more processors 102 and 202 via various technologies such as wired or wireless connections.

[0388] One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may transmit user data, control information, and / or radio signals / channels described in the methods and / or operational flows of this document to one or more other devices. One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may receive user data, control information, and / or radio signals / channels described in the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed in this document from one or more other devices. For example, one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be connected to one or more processors 102 and 202 and may transmit and receive radio signals. For example, one or more processors 102 and 202 may control the one or more transceivers 106 and 206 to transmit user data, control information, or radio signals to one or more other devices. One or more processors 102 and 202 may control the one or more transceivers 106 and 206 to receive user data, control information, or radio signals from one or more other devices. One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be connected to one or more antennas 108 and 208, and one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be configured to transmit and receive user data, control information, and / or radio signals / channels mentioned in the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed in this document through one or more antennas 108 and 208. In this document, one or more antennas may be multiple physical antennas or multiple logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports). One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may convert received radio signals / channels, etc. from RF band signals to baseband signals so as to process the received user data, control information, radio signals / channels, etc. using one or more processors 102 and 202. One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may convert user data, control information, radio signals / channels, etc. processed using one or more processors 102 and 202 from baseband signals to RF band signals. To this end, one or more of the transceivers 106 and 206 may include (analog) oscillators and / or filters.

[0389] Figure 21 A signal processing circuit for transmitting a signal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 21 The embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0390] Reference Figure 21 , the signal processing circuit 1000 may include a scrambler 1010, a modulator 1020, a layer mapper 1030, a precoder 1040, a resource mapper 1050 and a signal generator 1060. Figure 21 operations / functions, not limited to Figure 20The processor (102, 202) and / or transceiver (106, 206) of Figure 20 The processor (102, 202) and / or transceiver (106, 206) are implemented Figure 21 For example, you can Figure 20 Alternatively, the processor (102, 202) can implement blocks 1010 to 1060. Figure 20 The processor (102, 202) implements blocks 1010 to 1050 and can be Figure 20 The transceiver (106, 206) is used to implement block 1060.

[0391] Can be passed Figure 21 Signal processing circuit 1000 converts a codeword into a radio signal. Herein, a codeword is a sequence of coded bits for an information block. An information block may include a transport block (e.g., a UL-SCH transport block, a DL-SCH transport block). Radio signals may be transmitted via various physical channels (e.g., PUSCH and PDSCH).

[0392] Specifically, the codeword can be converted into a scrambled bit sequence by the scrambler 1010. The scrambling sequence for scrambling can be generated based on an initial value, and the initial value can include the ID information of the wireless device. The scrambled bit sequence can be modulated into a modulation symbol sequence by the modulator 1020. The modulation scheme may include pi / 2-binary phase shift keying (pi / 2-BPSK), m-phase shift keying (m-PSK), and m-quadrature amplitude modulation (m-QAM). The complex modulation symbol sequence can be mapped to one or more transmission layers by the layer mapper 1030. The modulation symbol of each transmission layer can be mapped (precoded) to (one or more) corresponding antenna ports by the precoder 1040. The output z of the precoder 1040 can be obtained by multiplying the output y of the layer mapper 1030 with the N*M precoding matrix W. Here, N is the number of antenna ports and M is the number of transmission layers. The precoder 1040 can perform precoding after performing transform precoding (e.g., DFT) on the complex modulation symbols. Alternatively, the precoder 1040 may perform precoding without performing transform precoding.

[0393] The resource mapper 1050 can map the modulation symbols of each antenna port to time-frequency resources. The time-frequency resources may include multiple symbols in the time domain (e.g., CP-OFDMA symbols and DFT-s-OFDMA symbols) and multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. The signal generator 1060 can generate a radio signal from the mapped modulation symbols, and the generated radio signal can be sent to other devices through each antenna. To this end, the signal generator 1060 may include an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) module, a cyclic prefix (CP) inserter, a digital-to-analog converter (DAC), and an up-converter.

[0394] Can Figure 21 The signal processing process for the signal received in the wireless device is configured in a manner opposite to the signal processing process (1010-1060) of the wireless device. Figure 20 100, 200) can receive a radio signal from the outside through an antenna port / transceiver. The received radio signal can be converted into a baseband signal by a signal restorer. To this end, the signal restorer may include a frequency downlink converter, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), a CP remover, and a fast Fourier transform (FFT) module. Next, the baseband signal can be restored to a codeword through a resource demapping process, a post-coding process, a demodulation processor, and a descrambling process. The codeword can be restored to the original information block by decoding. Therefore, a signal processing circuit (not shown) for receiving a signal may include a signal restorer, a resource demapper, a post-coding process, a demodulator, a descrambler, and a decoder.

[0395] Figure 22 Another example of a wireless device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. The wireless device can be implemented in various forms according to use cases / services (see Figure 19 ). Figure 22 The embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0396] Reference Figure 22 , the wireless device (100, 200) may correspond to Figure 20 The wireless devices (100, 200) may be configured by various elements, components, units / portions and / or modules. For example, each of the wireless devices (100, 200) may include a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a storage unit 130 and additional components 140. The communication unit may include a communication circuit 112 and (one or more) transceivers 114. For example, the communication circuit 112 may include Figure 20 One or more processors (102, 202) and / or one or more memories (104, 204). For example, the transceiver(s) 114 may include Figure 20The control unit 120 is electrically connected to the communication unit 110, the memory 130, and the additional components 140, and controls the overall operation of the wireless device. For example, the control unit 120 can control the electrical / mechanical operation of the wireless device based on the program / code / command / information stored in the memory unit 130. The control unit 120 can transmit information stored in the memory unit 130 to the outside (e.g., other communication devices) via the communication unit 110 through a wireless / wired interface, or store information received from the outside (e.g., other communication devices) via the communication unit 110 through a wireless / wired interface in the memory unit 130.

[0397] The additional component 140 may be configured in various ways depending on the type of wireless device. For example, the additional component 140 may include at least one of a power unit / battery, an input / output (I / O) unit, a drive unit, and a computing unit. The wireless device may be implemented in the following forms without limitation: a robot ( Figure 19 100a), vehicles ( Figure 19 100b-1 and 100b-2), XR devices ( Figure 19 100c), handheld device ( Figure 19 100d), household appliances ( Figure 19 100e), IoT devices ( Figure 19 100f), digital broadcasting terminal, hologram device, public safety device, MTC device, medical device, fintech device (or financial device), security device, climate / environmental device, AI server / device ( Figure 19 400), BS( Figure 19 200), network nodes, etc. Depending on the use case / service, the wireless device can be used in a mobile or fixed place.

[0398] exist Figure 22In the embodiment of the present invention, the various elements, components, units / parts and / or modules in the wireless device (100, 200) can all be connected to each other through a wired interface, or at least part of them can be connected wirelessly through the communication unit 110. For example, in each of the wireless devices (100, 200), the control unit 120 and the communication unit 110 can be connected through a wired interface, and the control unit 120 and the first unit (e.g., 130, 140) can be connected wirelessly through the communication unit 110. Each element, component, unit / part and / or module in the wireless device (100, 200) can also include one or more elements. For example, the control unit 120 can be constructed by a collection of one or more processors. As an example, the control unit 120 can be constructed by a collection of a communication control processor, an application processor, an electronic control unit (ECU), a graphics processing unit and a memory control processor. As another example, the memory 130 can be constructed by a random access memory (RAM), a dynamic RAM (DRAM), a read-only memory (ROM), a flash memory, a volatile memory, a non-volatile memory and / or a combination thereof.

[0399] Hereinafter, the implementation will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 22 .

[0400] Figure 23 A handheld device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. The handheld device may include a smartphone, a smartpad, a wearable device (e.g., a smartwatch or smart glasses), or a portable computer (e.g., a notebook). The handheld device may be referred to as a mobile station (MS), a user terminal (UT), a mobile subscriber station (MSS), a subscriber station (SS), an advanced mobile station (AMS), or a wireless terminal (WT). Figure 23 The embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0401] Reference Figure 23 , the handheld device 100 may include an antenna unit (108), a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a storage unit 130, a power supply unit 140a, an interface unit 140b and an I / O unit 140c. The antenna unit 108 may be configured as a part of the communication unit 110. Blocks 110 to 130 / 140a to 140c correspond to Figure 22 Frame 110 to 130 / 140.

[0402] The communication unit 110 can send and receive signals (e.g., data signals and control signals) to and from other wireless devices or a base station. The control unit 120 can perform various operations by controlling the components of the handheld device 100. The control unit 120 may include an application processor (AP). The storage unit 130 can store data / parameters / programs / codes / commands required to operate the handheld device 100. The storage unit 130 can store input / output data / information. The power supply unit 140a can supply power to the handheld device 100 and may include wired / wireless charging circuits, a battery, etc. The interface unit 140b can support connection between the handheld device 100 and other external devices. The interface unit 140b may include various ports for connecting to external devices (e.g., an audio I / O port and a video I / O port). The I / O unit 140c can input or output user-input video information / signals, audio information / signals, data, and / or information. The I / O unit 140c may include a camera, a microphone, a user input unit, a display unit 140d, a speaker, and / or a haptic module.

[0403] For example, in the case of data communication, the I / O unit 140c can obtain information / signals (e.g., touch, text, voice, image, or video) input by the user, and the obtained information / signals can be stored in the storage unit 130. The communication unit 110 can convert the information / signals stored in the memory into radio signals and transmit the converted radio signals directly to other wireless devices or to the BS. The communication unit 110 can receive radio signals from other wireless devices or BSs and then restore the received radio signals to the original information / signals. The restored information / signals can be stored in the storage unit 130 and can be output as various types (e.g., text, voice, image, video, or tactile) through the I / O unit 140.

[0404] Figure 24 A vehicle or autonomous vehicle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. The vehicle or autonomous vehicle can be implemented by a mobile robot, a car, a train, a manned / unmanned aerial vehicle (AV), a ship, etc. Figure 24 The embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0405] Reference Figure 24 , the vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100 may include an antenna unit 108, a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a drive unit 140a, a power supply unit 140b, a sensor unit 140c, and an autonomous driving unit 140d. The antenna unit 108 may be configured as part of the communication unit 110. Blocks 110 / 130 / 140a to 140d correspond to Figure 22 Box 110 / 130 / 140.

[0406] The communication unit 110 can send and receive signals (e.g., data signals and control signals) to and from external devices such as other vehicles, base stations (e.g., gNBs and roadside units), and servers. The control unit 120 can perform various operations by controlling components of the vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100. The control unit 120 may include an electronic control unit (ECU). The drive unit 140a can cause the vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100 to travel on the road. The drive unit 140a may include an engine, a motor, a transmission system, wheels, brakes, a steering system, etc. The power supply unit 140b can supply power to the vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100 and may include wired / wireless charging circuits, a battery, etc. The sensor unit 140c can acquire vehicle status, external environment information, user information, etc. The sensor unit 140c may include an inertial measurement unit (IMU), a collision sensor, a wheel sensor, a speed sensor, a slope sensor, a weight sensor, a heading sensor, a location module, a vehicle forward / backward sensor, a battery sensor, a fuel sensor, a tire sensor, a steering sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, a lighting sensor, a pedal position sensor, etc. The autonomous driving unit 140d can implement technology for maintaining the lane in which the vehicle is traveling, technology for automatically adjusting the speed (for example, adaptive cruise control), technology for autonomously driving along a determined path, technology for driving by automatically setting a path with a destination set, etc.

[0407] For example, the communication unit 110 can receive map data, traffic information data, etc. from an external server. The autonomous driving unit 140d can generate an autonomous driving path and driving plan based on the acquired data. The control unit 120 can control the drive unit 140a so that the vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100 can move along the autonomous driving path according to the driving plan (e.g., speed / direction control). During autonomous driving, the communication unit 110 can aperiodically / periodically acquire the latest traffic information data from the external server and acquire surrounding traffic information data from neighboring vehicles. During autonomous driving, the sensor unit 140c can acquire vehicle status and / or surrounding environment information. The autonomous driving unit 140d can update the autonomous driving path and driving plan based on the newly acquired data / information. The communication unit 110 can transmit information about the vehicle's location, autonomous driving path, and / or driving plan to the external server. The external server can use AI technology, etc. based on the information collected from the vehicle or autonomous vehicle to predict traffic information data and provide the predicted traffic information data to the vehicle or autonomous vehicle.

[0408] The claims in this specification can be combined in various ways. For example, the technical features in the method claims of this specification can be combined to be implemented or performed in a device, and the technical features in the device claims can be combined to be implemented or performed in a method. In addition, the technical features in (one or more) method claims and (one or more) device claims can be combined to be implemented or performed in a device. In addition, the technical features in (one or more) method claims and (one or more) device claims can be combined to be implemented or performed in a method.

Claims

1. A method for performing wireless communication by a first device, the method comprising: obtaining information related to a resource pool for reference signal transmission; measuring a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) for the resource pool over a channel busy rate (CBR) measurement window; and Based on the measurement, a CBR is obtained, Wherein, whether the reference signal resource is multiplexed in the time domain within the time slot is determined based on the CBR.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein Based on a priority value associated with the reference signal transmission being greater than a threshold priority value, determining whether the reference signal resource is multiplexed in the time domain within the time slot based on the CBR.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein: The control information for scheduling the reference signal transmission includes the priority value related to the reference signal transmission.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein Based on the CBR being greater than a threshold, the reference signal resource is not multiplexed in the time domain within the time slot, and Wherein, based on the CBR being smaller than a threshold, the reference signal resource is multiplexed in the time domain within the time slot.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein The number of reference signal resources multiplexed in the time slot is determined based on the CBR.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein: The number of reference signal resources multiplexed within the time slot is determined based on the CBR based on a priority value associated with the reference signal transmission being greater than a threshold priority value.

7. The method according to claim 5, wherein: Based on the CBR being greater than a threshold, reducing the number of reference signal resources multiplexed in the time slot, and Wherein, based on the CBR being smaller than a threshold, the number of reference signal resources multiplexed in the time slot is increased.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein A determination is made based on the CBR whether the reference signal resources are multiplexed within the time slot using comb-based multiplexing.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein Based on a priority value associated with the reference signal transmission being greater than a threshold priority value, determining whether the reference signal resources are multiplexed using comb-based multiplexing within the time slot based on the CBR.

10. The method according to claim 8, wherein Based on the CBR being greater than a threshold, the reference signal resources are not multiplexed using comb-based multiplexing within the time slot, and Wherein, based on the CBR being less than a threshold, the reference signal resources are multiplexed within the time slot using comb-based multiplexing.

11. The method according to claim 1, wherein A number of resource element (RE) offsets associated with the reference signal resources multiplexed using comb-based multiplexing within the slot is determined based on the CBR.

12. The method according to claim 11, wherein Based on a priority value associated with the reference signal transmission being greater than a threshold priority value, a number of RE offsets associated with the reference signal resources multiplexed using comb-based multiplexing within the time slot is determined based on the CBR.

13. The method according to claim 11, wherein Based on the CBR being greater than a threshold, reducing a number of RE offsets associated with the reference signal resources multiplexed using comb-based multiplexing within the time slot, and Based on the CBR being less than a threshold, the number of RE offsets associated with the reference signal resources multiplexed using comb-based multiplexing within the time slot is increased.

14. A first device adapted to perform wireless communication, the first device comprising: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; as well as at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions, the instructions causing the first device to perform operations upon execution by the at least one processor, the operations comprising: obtaining information related to a resource pool for reference signal transmission; measuring a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) for the resource pool over a channel busy rate (CBR) measurement window; and Based on the measurement, a CBR is obtained, Wherein, whether the reference signal resource is multiplexed in the time domain within the time slot is determined based on the CBR.

15. A processing device adapted to control a first device, the processing device comprising: at least one processor; as well as at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions, the instructions causing the first device to perform operations upon execution by the at least one processor, the operations comprising: obtaining information related to a resource pool for reference signal transmission; measuring a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) for the resource pool over a channel busy rate (CBR) measurement window; and Based on the measurement, a CBR is obtained, Wherein, whether the reference signal resource is multiplexed in the time domain within the time slot is determined based on the CBR.

16. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that, when executed, cause a first device to perform operations comprising: obtaining information related to a resource pool for reference signal transmission; measuring a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) for the resource pool over a channel busy rate (CBR) measurement window; and Based on the measurement, a CBR is obtained, Wherein, whether the reference signal resource is multiplexed in the time domain within the time slot is determined based on the CBR.

17. A method for performing wireless communication by a second device, the method comprising: obtaining information related to a resource pool for reference signal reception; as well as receiving a reference signal from a first device, Wherein, whether the reference signal resource is multiplexed in the time domain within the time slot is determined based on a channel busy rate (CBR) obtained from a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) for the resource pool measured in a CBR measurement window.

18. A second device adapted to perform wireless communication, the second device comprising: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; as well as at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions, the instructions causing the second device to perform operations upon execution by the at least one processor, the operations comprising: obtaining information related to a resource pool for reference signal reception; and receiving a reference signal from a first device, Wherein, whether the reference signal resource is multiplexed in the time domain within the time slot is determined based on a channel busy rate (CBR) obtained from a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) for the resource pool measured in a CBR measurement window.

19. A processing device adapted to control a second device, the processing device comprising: at least one processor; as well as at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions, the instructions causing the second device to perform operations upon execution by the at least one processor, the operations comprising: obtaining information related to a resource pool for reference signal reception; and receiving a reference signal from a first device, Wherein, whether the reference signal resource is multiplexed in the time domain within the time slot is determined based on a channel busy rate (CBR) obtained from a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) for the resource pool measured in a CBR measurement window.

20. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that, when executed, cause a second device to perform operations comprising: obtaining information related to a resource pool for reference signal reception; as well as receiving a reference signal from a first device, Wherein, whether the reference signal resource is multiplexed in the time domain within the time slot is determined based on a channel busy rate (CBR) obtained from a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) for the resource pool measured in a CBR measurement window.

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