Cold region small apple precise fertilization and green prevention and control synergistic method

Abstract

The invention discloses a precise fertilization and green prevention and control synergistic method for small apples in cold regions, relates to the technical field of fruit tree cultivation, and aims to solve the problems that the existing management technology for the small apples in the cold regions is nonstandard in fertilizer application and depends on chemical pesticides and measures to cut off diseases and insect pests. According to the technical scheme, based on a soil nutrient detection result, a decomposed farmyard manure base fertilizer is prepared according to the principle of supplementing what is lacked, and after harvesting in autumn, annular furrow application is conducted according to the proportion of jin fruit and jin fertilizer; agricultural measures, physical control, biological control and chemical control are integrated; garden cleaning and base fertilizer application are completed synchronously after leaves fall and before freezing up, and topdressing in the growing season is synchronized with physical and biological control. The method has the beneficial effects that the fruit quality and yield are improved, flower and fruit thinning optimizes the load capacity, and the fruit setting rate is improved; environmental pollution is reduced, and physical and biological control dominates reduction of pesticide residues; the overwintering survival rate is improved through root neck ridging and whitewashing; management efficiency is optimized, and working hours are saved through cooperation of foliar topdressing and chemical prevention and treatment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fruit tree cultivation, and in particular to a coordinated method for precise fertilization and green prevention and control of small apples in cold regions. Background Art

[0002] Existing fruit tree management techniques are primarily designed for large apple varieties grown in central and southern China, but fail to fully consider the unique growing environment of small, cold-region apples. These apples often suffer from low yields and poor quality due to frost damage, pests and diseases, and nutrient imbalances in the harsh winters.

[0003] The existing cold-region apple cultivation technology has the following defects:

[0004] (1) Irregular fertilizer application, often based on experience rather than precise testing, leads to over-fertilization or nutrient deficiency;

[0005] (2) The use of pesticides lacks scientific basis and is overly dependent on chemical pesticides, causing environmental pollution and excessive pesticide residues in fruits;

[0006] (3) Fertilization and prevention and control measures are implemented separately, lacking temporal coordination and making it impossible to efficiently integrate resources in cold climates.

[0007] These problems limit the green production and sustainable development of cold-region apples. Therefore, a cold-region apple cultivation method that can solve the above problems is continuously designed. Summary of the Invention

[0008] (1) Technical problems solved

[0009] The present invention provides a method for synergizing precise fertilization and green prevention and control of small apple trees in cold regions, aiming to:

[0010] (1) Solve the problem of irregular and unprofessional use of fertilizers and pesticides, and achieve precision through soil nutrient testing and chemical control;

[0011] (2) Improve fruit quality and reduce environmental pollution through coordinated fertilization and green control, meeting the needs of sustainable development;

[0012] (3) Overcome the limitations of the short growth period and weak cold resistance of small apples in cold regions, optimize management timing, and reduce the incidence of frost damage and pests and diseases.

[0013] (2) Technical solution

[0014] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0015] A method for coordinated precision fertilization and green prevention and control of small apples in cold regions, comprising the following coordinated steps:

[0016] Soil nutrient testing: After the fruit is harvested in autumn each year, the nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and organic matter content of the 0-60cm soil layer in the orchard is tested;

[0017] Precision fertilization plan: Based on the growth period of small apples in cold regions and the results of soil nutrient testing, according to the principle of "filling in what is lacking", basal fertilizer is mainly prepared with decomposed farmyard manure, and basal fertilizer is applied after the fruit is harvested in autumn. The fertilizer amount is calculated according to the ratio of "jin of fruit to jin of fertilizer", and the ring trench method is used; topdressing is applied 2-3 times a year, with nitrogen fertilizer as the main fertilizer during the budding period, and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer is used during the flower bud differentiation and fruit expansion period;

[0018] Green control: Integrates agronomic measures, physical control, biological control, and chemical control. Agronomic measures include garden cleaning, soil mulching, pruning, and winter protection of trees.

[0019] Coordinated timing: Garden cleaning and base fertilizer application are completed simultaneously after autumn leaf fall and before freezing, and topdressing during the growing season is implemented simultaneously with physical and biological control.

[0020] Preferably, the agronomic measures further include:

[0021] Garden cleaning: remove fallen branches, leaves and weeds and bury or burn them;

[0022] Soil management: Deeply plow the soil 40-60 cm in autumn and cover with grass. The covering material can be straw, weeds or leaves.

[0023] Intercropping: Cultivate dwarf crops during the sapling period and green manure plants among mature trees, mowing 3-4 times a year.

[0024] Preferably, the soil needs to be loosened, weeded and watered before mulching, and the thickness of the mulch is 5-10 cm.

[0025] Preferably, the physical control comprises:

[0026] One frequency-vibration insecticidal lamp shall be installed per mu in open-field orchards, and the installation height of the frequency-vibration insecticidal lamp shall be 0.5m higher than the tree canopy;

[0027] 7 days before the borer emerges, hang 10-15 traps containing sex attractants or 45-60 pieces of misdirection wire per acre;

[0028] 2-3 insecticidal lamps are installed per acre in the greenhouse. Figure 1 , hang multiple yellow insect traps and multiple blue insect traps.

[0029] Preferably, the biological control comprises releasing Metarhizium anisopliae or Trichogramma for controlling pests.

[0030] Preferably, the chemical control comprises at least one of the following pesticides:

[0031] Biopesticides: including microbial pesticides, botanical pesticides, and animal pesticides; among them, microbial pesticides include avermectin, liuyangmycin, huaguangmycin, and Bacillus thuringiensis; botanical pesticides include pyrethrins, rotenone, nicotine, matrine, vegetable oil, and chitosan; and animal pesticides include diflubenzuron-3, carbofuran, pirimicarb, and buprofen;

[0032] Mineral source pesticides: including sulfur preparations and copper preparations;

[0033] Biological agents: including polyoxin, jinggangmycin, and kasugamycin.

[0034] Preferably, the tree overwintering protection includes:

[0035] Whitewashing or wrapping tree trunks to reduce sunburn;

[0036] Root neck soiling is used to improve frost resistance.

[0037] Preferably, shaping and pruning are also included, and the shaping and pruning include:

[0038] During the dormant period, remove diseased and insect-infested branches and diseased and dead fruits;

[0039] During the growing season, remove upright vigorous branches and dense branches within the crown to improve ventilation and light transmission.

[0040] Preferably, the topdressing fertilization method in the precision fertilization scheme includes soil fertilization and foliar fertilization. When foliar fertilization is selected as the topdressing fertilization method, it can be carried out in coordination with chemical control.

[0041] Preferably, it also includes flower and fruit management, which includes thinning flowers and fruits to control the tree load and improve the fruit setting rate and fruit quality.

[0042] (3) Beneficial effects

[0043] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0044] (1) Improved fruit quality and yield, optimized nutrient distribution through precise fertilization and load control (such as flower and fruit thinning), increased fruit set rate, and improved fruit appearance and taste;

[0045] (2) Reduce environmental pollution, mainly rely on physical and biological control, limit the use of chemical pesticides, reduce pesticide residues and soil pollution, and meet green organic standards;

[0046] (3) Enhanced cold resistance and disease and pest resistance, reduced the number of overwintering pests through time coordination (such as synchronizing autumn garden cleaning with base fertilizer application), and improved the overwintering protection effect of trees;

[0047] (4) It improves management efficiency, simplifies operational processes through collaborative methods, reduces manpower and resource consumption, and is suitable for large-scale promotion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0049] Figure 1 A flow chart of the method of the present invention is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] See attached Figure 1 , the embodiment of the present invention discloses a coordinated method for precision fertilization and green control of small apples in cold regions, including the following coordinated execution steps: soil nutrient detection: after the fruit is harvested in autumn every year, the nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and organic matter content of the 0-60cm soil layer in the orchard is detected; precise fertilization plan: based on the growth period of small apples in cold regions and the results of soil nutrient detection, according to the principle of "filling what is lacking", basal fertilizer is prepared mainly with decomposed farmyard manure, and applied after the fruit is harvested in autumn. The fertilizer amount is calculated according to the ratio of "jin fruit to jin fertilizer", and the ring ditch application method is adopted; topdressing is carried out 2-3 times a year, with nitrogen fertilizer as the main fertilizer during the budding period, and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer is used in combination during the flower bud differentiation and fruit expansion period; green control: integrating agronomic measures, physical control, biological control and chemical control, wherein agronomic measures include garden cleaning, soil mulching, shaping and pruning, and winter protection of trees; coordinated timing: garden cleaning and base fertilizer application are completed synchronously from autumn leaf fall to before freezing, and topdressing during the growing season is implemented simultaneously with physical control and biological control.

[0052] Based on the above plan, base fertilizer and topdressing are applied in autumn according to the growth period and soil nutrient test results, and combined with green prevention and control, they are implemented simultaneously, breaking the traditional segmented management, realizing overall management optimization, improving system coordination, and solving the problem of separation between fertilization and prevention and control of small apples in cold regions.

[0053] It should be noted that when cultivating, the type of fruit trees should be selected from resistant varieties suitable for the local area, and the condition of the fruit trees should be selected from high-quality seedlings that are healthy and free of pests and diseases.

[0054] Furthermore, the above-mentioned farmyard manure is at least one of compost, fermented manure, biogas fertilizer, green manure, straw fertilizer, cake fertilizer, human feces and urine, manure, mud fertilizer, and wood ash; the above-mentioned annular ditch construction method uses the outer edge of the tree crown projection as the ditch center line (the line between the inner circle and the outer circle of the ring), the tree trunk as the central axis, the ditch depth is 30-60cm, and the ditch width is 20-40cm.

[0055] See attached Figure 1 In this embodiment, the specific operations of agronomic measures are further refined. Specifically, the agronomic measures also include garden cleaning, soil management and intercropping. Garden cleaning includes removing dead branches, fallen leaves and weeds and burying or burning them; soil management includes deep plowing 40-60 cm in autumn and covering with grass, and the covering material is straw, weeds or leaves; intercropping includes planting dwarf crops during the young tree period and intercropping green manure plants among mature trees, and mowing 3-4 times a year.

[0056] Based on the design of the above plan, by clearing the garden to remove the source of pests and diseases, covering the soil with grass to enhance soil moisture retention and organic matter, and intercropping to improve soil utilization, the pathogen spores and pest eggs in the orchard were reduced, the soil organic matter was increased, and the hidden dangers of pests and diseases caused by incomplete garden cleaning and soil covering with grass were solved.

[0057] Furthermore, after rainfall or irrigation during the growing season, the soil should be tilled and loosened in time to keep it loose and free of weeds, so as to facilitate temperature regulation and moisture conservation. The tillage depth should be 5cm-10cm. In addition, the dwarf crops in the above scheme include legumes, and the green manure plants include clover, awnless brome, ryegrass, alfalfa, etc.

[0058] See attached Figure 1 In order to improve the mulching process and solve the problem of uneven mulching effect, the following design is carried out in this embodiment. Specifically, the soil needs to be loosened, weeded and watered before mulching, and the mulching thickness is 5-10 cm.

[0059] Through the design of the above scheme, the soil is loosened, weeds are removed and water is applied before covering with grass, which ensures the stability of the covering layer; improves the soil moisture retention rate and enables the even release of decomposed organic matter.

[0060] See attached Figure 1 In order to enhance the operability of physical control and solve the problem of missed pest monitoring, the following design is carried out in this embodiment. Specifically, physical control includes: one frequency-vibration insecticidal lamp is installed per mu in the open-field orchard, and the installation height of the frequency-vibration insecticidal lamp is 0.5m higher than the tree canopy; 7 days before the borer emerges as an adult, 10-15 traps containing sex attractants or 45-60 misdirection wires are hung per mu; 2-3 insecticidal lamps are installed per mu in the greenhouse, see the attached Figure 1 , hang multiple yellow insect traps and multiple blue insect traps.

[0061] Through the design of the above scheme, the pests' phototaxis and colortaxis are utilized, so that the insecticidal lamps and traps installed with a high coverage of the tree canopy can target and kill pests, thereby improving the efficiency of pest killing and reducing the dependence of fruit trees on pesticides.

[0062] It should be noted that this application does not limit parameters such as the type and usage cycle of the sex attractant, so it can be flexibly designed according to actual needs. For example, a pear borer sex pheromone sustained-release agent can be used as a sex attractant and replaced every 30 days.

[0063] Furthermore, the working principle of the frequency-vibration insect-killing lamp is: using the pests' tendency to attract light to lure adult insects to the lamp, and the lamp is equipped with a frequency-vibration high-voltage electric grid to kill the insects, so that the pests fall into the insect-catching bag under the lamp, which can kill adult insects such as beetles and cotton bollworms; the working principle of the yellow insect-attracting board and the blue insect-attracting board is: according to the pests' color attraction, colored sticky boards are made, and the pests will be stuck when they fly close; the working principle of the trap is: using the insects' sex pheromones to lure insects of the opposite sex into the trap and kill them.

[0064] Furthermore, in order to save energy, the insecticidal lamp can be turned on from 19:00 every day to 6:00 in the morning of the next day; in addition, the above-mentioned yellow insect attractant is mainly used to attract and kill adult insects such as leafhoppers, leafminers, and aphids, and the above-mentioned blue insect attractant is mainly used to attract and kill thrips and flies.

[0065] Furthermore, an insect-proof net can be installed on the outside of the fruit trees to physically isolate external pests from entering. The mesh size of the insect-proof net can be designed based on a comprehensive consideration of factors such as target pests, production environment and cultivation mode.

[0066] See attached Figure 1 In order to implement biological control and solve the problem of chemical pesticide residues, the following design is made in this embodiment. Specifically, biological control includes releasing green muscardine or trichogrammatid wasps to control pests.

[0067] Based on the design of the above scheme, by raising and releasing natural enemies of pests, such as green muscardine or trichogrammatids, the growth and reproduction of pests are inhibited, thereby carrying out biological control of pests; reducing the incidence of diseases and pests and ensuring the safety of fruits.

[0068] See attached Figure 1In order to solve the above problems, this embodiment introduces some types of pesticides used in chemical control. Specifically, chemical control includes at least one of the following pesticides: biological pesticides: including microbial pesticides, plant pesticides, and animal pesticides; among them, microbial pesticides include avermectin, liuyangmycin, huaguangmycin, and Bacillus thuringiensis; plant pesticides include pyrethrins, rotenone, nicotine, matrine, vegetable oil, and chitosan; animal pesticides include diflubenzuron 3, carbendazim, pirimicarb, and cypermethrin; mineral pesticides include sulfur preparations and copper preparations; biological agents include polyoxin, jinggangmycin, and kasugamycin.

[0069] Based on the above scheme, when using pesticides in practice, biological pesticides can be given priority, and the safe interval period can be followed and the dosage can be ensured to be accurate, so as to standardize chemical control standards, solve the problem of pesticide abuse, and ensure that the pesticide residue rate of the final product meets the standard and meets the requirements of green food; especially in green fruit tree production, agronomic measures, physical control, and biological control should be given priority, and the above-mentioned recommended pesticides should be used scientifically and rationally, and the safe interval period and dosage of the pesticide should be followed to ensure the safety and quality of the fruit.

[0070] Different pesticides have different effects. Appropriate pesticides should be selected based on factors such as the cultivation environment, the type of pests, the type of fruit trees, and the growth cycle of fruit trees. Here are some of the effects of some pesticides: Abamectin, a moderately toxic insecticide and acaricide, has contact and stomach poisoning effects and is highly effective against larvae of pests, adult mites, and young nymphs of pest mites; Liuyangmycin, Huaguangmycin, and Bacillus thuringiensis: These microbial pesticides are often used to control spider mites, borers, leaf rollers, and cabbage worms on fruit trees; Pyrethrins, rotenone, nicotine, and vegetable oils: These plant-derived pesticides have stable and long-lasting insecticidal and fungicidal effects, do not pollute the environment and crops, and are safe for humans, livestock, birds, and bees; Oligomycin Polysaccharides (chitin): have multiple functions such as bactericidal and plant growth regulation; insect growth regulators, such as carbofuran-3, carbofuran, pirimicarb, and cypermethrin: by inhibiting the synthesis of chitin in the insect cuticle, the insects cannot molt normally and die; sulfur preparations: such as sulfur suspension concentrate, wettable sulfur, lime sulfur mixture, etc., have good prevention and control effects on fruit tree diseases and pests, and have a long effective period; copper preparations: such as copper sulfate, copper oxychloride, copper hydroxide, Bordeaux mixture, etc., are also commonly used mineral-based pesticides for fruit trees; biological agents are a type of green pesticide with microorganisms as active ingredients, such as polyoxin, jinggangmycin, kasugamycin, etc., which can effectively prevent and control common fruit tree diseases and pests, and are pollution-free to the soil and the environment.

[0071] Furthermore, for example, in the actual medication process, a mixture of avermectin and matrine with a mass ratio of 1:0.5 can be selected and sprayed 15 days after flowering and at the early stage of fruit expansion, and the interval period can be ≥20 days.

[0072] See attached Figure 1 In order to clarify the method of tree overwintering protection and solve the risk of frost damage in cold areas, the following design is made in this embodiment. Specifically, the tree overwintering protection includes: whitewashing or wrapping the trunk; and adding soil to the root neck.

[0073] Based on the above plan, by whitewashing or wrapping the tree trunks, sunburn and diurnal temperature differences can be reduced, preventing the trees from freezing; by adding soil to the root necks, the frost resistance of the roots and stems can be improved, thereby increasing the winter survival rate of fruit trees and reducing cold damage losses.

[0074] Furthermore, regarding whitewashing of tree trunks, the height can be whitewashed to the first main branch of the fruit tree, and the whitewashing agent can be prepared according to the ratio of 10 parts of quicklime, 1 part of sulfur powder, and 0.5 parts of table salt; regarding soiling of roots and rhizomes, soiling can be carried out immediately after the base fertilizer is applied, and the soiling thickness can reach 15-20cm.

[0075] See attached Figure 1 In order to solve the problems caused by insufficient ventilation and light transmission of fruit trees, the following design is carried out in this embodiment. Specifically, it also includes shaping and pruning. Shaping and pruning include: cutting off diseased and insect-infested branches and diseased and dead fruits during the dormant period; and thinning out upright branches and dense branches in the crown during the growing period.

[0076] Through the shaping and pruning of fruit trees in the above-mentioned scheme, the crown structure can be improved, the fruit trees can be made more ventilated and light-permeable, the photosynthetic efficiency can be increased, the incidence of diseases and pests such as black spot disease can be reduced, and at the same time the balance between vegetative growth and reproductive growth can be maintained, so that the fruit trees can produce high and stable yields for as many years as possible.

[0077] Furthermore, the dormant period of fruit trees is usually in the cold winter, and the growing period of fruit trees is usually in the hot summer. Therefore, the fruit trees can also be shaped and pruned uniformly according to the season. For example, in winter, pruning can adopt methods such as shortening, thinning, retracting, and pulling branches; in summer, pruning can adopt measures such as pulling branches, thinning branches, pinching, and ring barking to promptly remove upright branches, dense branches, and sucker branches at the cut ends in the crown to save nutrients and increase ventilation and light transmission in the crown.

[0078] See attached Figure 1 In order to solve the problem of resource waste, the following design is carried out in this embodiment. Specifically, the topdressing fertilization method in the precision fertilization scheme includes soil fertilization and foliar fertilization. When foliar fertilization is selected as the topdressing fertilization method, it can be carried out in coordination with chemical control.

[0079] Based on the above scheme, by integrating foliar fertilization with chemical control, and synchronizing foliar fertilization with pesticide spraying, the number of field operations is reduced, the operating hours are saved, and the nutrient absorption efficiency is improved; it should be noted that the above foliar fertilization can also be called foliar fertilization.

[0080] See attached Figure 1In order to solve the problem of tree load imbalance, the following design is carried out in this embodiment. Specifically, it also includes flower and fruit management, which includes flower and fruit thinning.

[0081] Based on the design of the above scheme, the number of fruits and the tree load are controlled by thinning flowers and fruits, the concentrated supply of nutrients is optimized, the weight of single fruit is increased, and the fruit set rate and fruit quality are improved.

[0082] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0083] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of this application.

[0084] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for synergizing precise fertilization and green prevention and control of small apples in cold regions, characterized in that: It includes the following collaborative steps: Soil nutrient testing: After the fruit is harvested in autumn each year, the nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and organic matter content of the 0-60cm soil layer in the orchard is tested; Precision fertilization plan: Based on the growth period of small apples in cold regions and soil nutrient test results, according to the principle of "filling in what is lacking", basal fertilizer is mainly prepared with decomposed farmyard manure. Basal fertilizer is applied after the fruit is harvested in autumn. The fertilizer amount is calculated according to the ratio of "jin of fruit to jin of fertilizer" and the ring trench method is used. Topdressing is carried out 2-3 times a year, with nitrogen fertilizer as the main fertilizer during the budding period and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizers during the flower bud differentiation and fruit expansion period. Green control: Integrates agronomic measures, physical control, biological control, and chemical control. Agronomic measures include garden cleaning, soil mulching, pruning, and winter protection of trees. Coordinated timing: Garden cleaning and base fertilizer application are completed simultaneously after autumn leaf fall and before freezing, and topdressing during the growing season is implemented simultaneously with physical and biological control.

2. The method for coordinated precision fertilization and green prevention and control of small apples in cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The agronomic measures also include: Garden cleaning: remove fallen branches, leaves and weeds and bury or burn them; Soil management: Deeply plow the soil 40-60 cm in autumn and cover with grass. The covering material can be straw, weeds or leaves. Intercropping: Cultivate dwarf crops during the sapling period and green manure plants among mature trees, mowing 3-4 times a year.

3. The method for coordinated precision fertilization and green prevention and control of small apples in cold regions according to claim 2, characterized in that: Before covering with grass, the soil needs to be loosened, weeded and watered, and the thickness of the grass covering is 5-10 cm.

4. The method for coordinated precision fertilization and green prevention and control of small apples in cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The physical control includes: One frequency-vibration insecticidal lamp shall be installed per mu in open-field orchards, and the installation height of the frequency-vibration insecticidal lamp shall be 0.5m higher than the tree canopy; 7 days before the borer emerges, hang 10-15 traps containing sex attractants or 45-60 pieces of misdirection wire per acre; There are 2-3 insecticidal lamps per acre in the greenhouse, see Figure 1, and multiple yellow insect attractants and multiple blue insect attractants are hung.

5. The method for coordinated precision fertilization and green prevention and control of small apples in cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The biological control includes releasing Metarhizium anisopliae or Trichogramma to control pests.

6. The method for coordinated precision fertilization and green prevention and control of small apples in cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chemical control comprises at least one of the following pesticides: Biopesticides: including microbial pesticides, botanical pesticides, and animal pesticides; among them, microbial pesticides include avermectin, liuyangmycin, huaguangmycin, and Bacillus thuringiensis; botanical pesticides include pyrethrins, rotenone, nicotine, matrine, vegetable oil, and chitosan; and animal pesticides include diflubenzuron-3, carbofuran, pirimicarb, and buprofen; Mineral source pesticides: including sulfur preparations and copper preparations; Biological agents: including polyoxin, jinggangmycin, and kasugamycin.

7. The method for coordinated precision fertilization and green prevention and control of small apples in cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tree overwintering protection includes: Whitewashing or wrapping tree trunks to reduce sunburn; Root neck soiling is used to improve frost resistance.

8. The method for coordinated precision fertilization and green prevention and control of small apples in cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also included is shaping and pruning, which includes: During the dormant period, remove diseased and insect-infested branches and diseased and dead fruits; During the growing season, remove upright vigorous branches and dense branches within the crown to improve ventilation and light transmission.

9. The method for coordinated precision fertilization and green prevention and control of small apples in cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The topdressing fertilization method in the precision fertilization scheme includes soil fertilization and foliar fertilization. When foliar fertilization is selected as the topdressing fertilization method, it can be carried out in coordination with chemical control.

10. The method for coordinated precision fertilization and green control of small apples in cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes flower and fruit management, which includes thinning flowers and fruits to control the tree load and improve the fruit setting rate and fruit quality.

Images