Device for guiding sneaking of drainage tube in craniocerebral minimally invasive drainage

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of craniocerebral drilling drainage, and discloses a device for guiding sneaking of a drainage tube in craniocerebral minimally invasive drainage, the device comprises a puncture cone and a twisting controller, and the puncture cone comprises a tail cone needle section, a rod part and a cone tip which are sequentially arranged from the rear end to the front end; the tail cone needle section is used for sleeving the tail end of the drainage tube so as to fix the tail end of the drainage tube, the front end of the cone tip is sharp, the cone tip is used for puncturing from a skull drilling position through a subscalp gap and poking out of the scalp at a specified position, and the puncture cone drives the drainage tube to synchronously penetrate through a tunnel while establishing a sneaking tunnel in one stroke so as to realize sneaking retention of the drainage tube; the sneaking tunnel formed by the puncture cone through puncture has the size better matched with that of the drainage tube, establishment of the sneaking tunnel and sneaking retention of the drainage tube are synchronously achieved only through one-time puncture stroke, and compared with the prior art that a guiding device needs to go back and forth twice strokes, the guide device is more convenient to use. The device has the advantages of improving the operation safety, saving time and labor, being minimally invasive, enhancing the tunnel effect, reducing the infection risk and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of cranial burr hole drainage, in particular to a device for guiding the sneaking of a drainage tube in a minimally invasive cranial drainage operation. Background Art

[0002] Cranial burr hole drainage is one of the most commonly used procedures in neurosurgery. A burr hole or fine-bore cranial drill is used to drill through the skull. A drainage tube is inserted through the bone puncture to the target area and remains in place. The tip of the tube is placed within an intracranial hematoma, effusion, or other target area, while the tail is externally connected to a drainage tube. This method is suitable for a variety of intracranial lesions requiring drainage. It is safe, effective, minimally invasive, easy to perform, and has a low incidence of complications. However, the drainage tube placement method used in this procedure requires the tube to pass vertically through the scalp, without any subcutaneous clearance. The only soft tissues traversed outside the skull are the scalp and the thin periosteum. The skull bone does not fit snugly with the tube, and the total thickness of the scalp is typically between 0.5 and 1 cm. Therefore, the tissue barrier effect is very limited. Furthermore, the soft tissue barrier is less stable. Changes in head position and drainage line adjustments during daily care, such as turning over and patting the patient's back, or during outpatient checkups, inevitably cause the drainage tube to shift relative to the head, leading to traction. This can easily loosen the drainage tube and cause peritubular exudation. Furthermore, the lack of effective subcutaneous penetration distance and a weak tissue barrier can easily lead to retrograde infection, all of which can easily lead to secondary intracranial infection. Therefore, in clinical practice, drainage tubes may have to be removed prematurely to reduce the risk of infection.

[0003] In order to improve the indwelling condition of drainage tubes, many scholars have tried different ways to make cranial drainage tubes sneak in. Some people use vascular clamps to establish subcutaneous tunnels to sneak the drainage tubes. However, due to the structure of the vascular clamps themselves, a larger range of subscalp space needs to be stretched to complete the clamping of the drainage tube, which will inevitably cause local scalp peeling, and a larger incision is required to lead the drainage tube out through the subcutaneous tunnel. The result is heavy bleeding and severe trauma, which is difficult for patients to accept. Moreover, the method of using vascular clamps is cumbersome to operate and has poor stability. In addition, the sneaking distance is limited, and a larger peeling cavity is formed between the scalp, skull, and periosteum, which is not a real tubular tunnel. It is not only easy to form scalp hematoma but also has a poor barrier effect.

[0004] Chinese invention patent publication number CN115177844A discloses a device for guiding the sneak placement of a cranial drainage tube. The device establishes a linkage between a clamping assembly end and an operating end through a matching operating rod and guide tube. The operating end can remotely control the opening and closing of the clamping assembly, using the clamping assembly to clamp the end of the drainage tube for pulling and sneaking. However, this solution requires first puncturing a hole in the scalp with a scalpel. The sneak device then punctures the space under the scalp toward the location of the skull drilling and pokes out through the drilled scalp hole, establishing a sneak tunnel to the skull drilling location. The drainage tube is then clamped and pulled along the sneak tunnel until the end of the drainage tube is pulled out of the punctured hole. The first step of this plan is to establish a stealth tunnel. The tip of the stealth device is poked back from the scalp hole drilled in the skull. This process carries the risk of accidentally injuring the drainage tube. Only then can the tail end of the drainage tube be clamped and pulled out through the tunnel. This guiding device requires two round trips. On the one hand, the operation is cumbersome and time-consuming. On the other hand, the drainage tube is clamped inside the clamping component. The tunnel established by the clamping component is large in size, causing great trauma and increasing the risk of infection.

[0005] Chinese invention patent publication number CN117224815A discloses a coaxial guide device for the stealth insertion of a cranial drainage tube. While its structure differs from that of CN115177844A, the operating principle is the same. The device first enters the scalp through a second scalp incision to establish a subcutaneous tunnel. The drainage tube is then pulled out of the subcutaneous tunnel along the original return path. Furthermore, the drainage tube in this solution is nested within the outer sleeve when being pulled out, so this solution also suffers from the aforementioned problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a device for guiding the stealth of drainage tubes during minimally invasive cranial drainage. The puncture cone only needs one puncture stroke to simultaneously achieve the establishment of a stealth tunnel and the stealth placement of the drainage tube. Compared with the guiding device in the prior art that requires two round trips, it is more convenient. In addition, the subcutaneous tunnel established by this device can be well matched with the drainage tube, and the tunnel has a good effect. The tunnel established by this method has significantly improved barrier effect, protection performance, and stability. Therefore, this device has the advantages of convenient operation, increased surgical safety, shortened operation time, less trauma, and reduced infection risk.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: A device for guiding the advancement of a drainage tube during minimally invasive cranial drainage surgery comprises a puncture cone, which comprises a tail cone needle section, a rod section, and a cone tip, arranged in sequence from the rear end to the front end. The tail cone needle section is used to sleeve the end of the drainage tube to achieve fixation of the end of the drainage tube. The front end of the cone tip is sharp and is used to puncture the scalp fissure at the skull drilling site through the subscalp space and poke out the scalp at a designated position. The puncture cone establishes a stealth tunnel in one stroke and simultaneously drives the drainage tube to pass through the stealth tunnel, thereby achieving stealth retention of the drainage tube.

[0008] As a further implementation, the tail cone needle segment includes a guide portion, a tail cone enlarged portion, and an annular groove that are sequentially arranged from the rear end to the front end.

[0009] As a further implementation method, the guide portion is needle-shaped, the tail cone expansion portion is cone-shaped, and the rear end outer diameter is smaller than the front end outer diameter.

[0010] As a further implementation method, the rear end of the rod part is provided with a rod tail expansion part, the rod tail expansion part is conical, the front end outer diameter is smaller than the rear end outer diameter, the rear end outer diameter of the rod tail expansion part is not less than the outer diameter of the drainage tube, and is larger than the front end outer diameter of the tail cone expansion part; the annular groove is formed between the tail cone expansion part and the rod tail expansion part.

[0011] As a further implementation method, the end of the drainage tube is sleeved on the guide part, extends forward along the guide part and expands through the tail cone expansion part, extends to the front end position of the annular groove and abuts the rear end surface of the rod tail expansion part.

[0012] As a further implementation method, a rear bayonet for passing through the puncture cone is provided on the enlarged part of the rod tail; a front bayonet for passing through the puncture cone is provided at the front end of the rod or the rear end of the cone tip, and the two bayonet are consistent in shape, size and angle.

[0013] As a further implementation method, the front end of the rod forms a neck section, and a neck section expansion part is formed at the neck section, whose outer diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the rod, the outer diameter at the middle position is larger than the outer diameter at both ends and has a smooth transition, and the outer diameter at the middle position is smaller than the outer diameter of the expansion part at the tail of the rod.

[0014] As a further implementation method, it also includes a twist controller, which includes a handheld part, and a clamping part is provided at one end of the handheld part. The clamping part is used to insert the rear clamping part and the front clamping part respectively during the operation, and then the puncture cone is controlled by the twist controller to complete the puncture and guiding operations.

[0015] As a further implementation, the rod is arranged in an arc shape; Alternatively, the puncture cone is arranged in an arc shape as a whole.

[0016] As a further implementation method, the cone tip includes a proximal cone tip and a cone tip portion arranged from the rear end to the front end. The proximal cone tip has a conical shape, and the outer diameter of the rear end is smaller than the outer diameter of the front end. The cone tip portion has a triangular pyramid structure; one surface of the cone tip is perpendicular to the axis of the front and rear bayonet, so that when the puncture cone is operated to puncture the subscalp space at the scalp tear through the skull drilling, one surface of the triangular pyramid is parallel to the wall of the drainage tube without damaging the drainage tube.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The puncture cone of the present invention only requires one puncture stroke to simultaneously achieve the establishment of a stealth tunnel and the stealth placement of a drainage tube. Compared with the guiding device in the prior art which requires two round trips, it has the advantages of increased surgical safety, reduced operation time, less trauma, and reduced infection risk.

[0018] 2. The end of the drainage tube of the present invention abuts against the rear end surface of the enlarged part of the rod tail, and the outer diameter of the enlarged part of the rod tail is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the end of the drainage tube. Compared with the technical solution in the prior art in which the drainage tube is entirely nested inside the structure of the guide device, the stealth tunnel formed by the puncture cone has a smaller size, which makes the tunnel match the drainage tube more closely, significantly improves the stealth quality, enhances the clinical effect, and effectively reduces the risk of trauma and infection.

[0019] 3. The present invention's knob controller utilizes a snap-on connection with a corresponding bayonet, facilitating subscalp puncture tunneling with the puncture cone. First, insert the knob controller into the rear bayonet to manipulate the puncture cone to establish the tunnel. Once the front portion of the puncture cone has cleared the scalp and exposed the front bayonet, the knob controller is replaced with the front bayonet to complete the procedure. The sufficient distance between the front and rear bayonet prevents the operator's hand from resting too closely on the patient's head while allowing for the creation of subscalp tunnels of varying lengths, typically 5 to 10 cm.

[0020] 4. The purpose of the provision of the cervical enlargement of the present invention is to initially expand the gap between the scalp tissue and the brain in a small range during the penetration of the puncture cone, and then further expand it on this basis by the subsequent rod tail enlargement. This method can make it easier for the puncture cone to penetrate between the scalp tissue and the brain, and ensure that the puncture process is smooth and unobstructed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The accompanying drawings, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a front view of a device for guiding the advancement of a drainage tube in minimally invasive brain drainage surgery according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 21 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for guiding the advancement of a drainage tube in minimally invasive brain drainage surgery according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 3. It is a front view of a device for guiding the advancement of a drainage tube in minimally invasive brain drainage surgery according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 1. It is a top view of a device for guiding the advancement of a drainage tube in minimally invasive brain drainage surgery according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 is a structural diagram of a torque controller according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 is a schematic side view of the structure of a torque controller according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 1 is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the torque controller according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the operation process S1-S2 in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 Schematic diagram of operation process S3-S4 in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 Schematic diagram of operation process S5-S6 in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 Schematic diagram of operation process S7 in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] In the figure: the distances or sizes between parts are exaggerated to show the positions of various parts, and the schematic diagram is for reference only.

[0024] Among them: 1. Tail cone needle segment, 11. Guide part, 12. Tail cone enlarged part; 13. Annular groove; 2. Rod part, 21. Rod tail enlarged part; 22. Rear snap fit; 3. Neck segment, 31. Neck enlarged part, 32. Front snap fit; 4. Cone tip, 41. Cone tip, 42. Proximal side of cone tip; 5. Twist control, 51. Clamping part, 52. Hand-held part; 6. End of drainage tube; 7. First puncture hole, 8. Second puncture hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and is intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in the present invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0026] Example 1 In a typical embodiment of the present invention, referring to Figure 1-Figure 7 As shown, a device for guiding the advancement of drainage tubes during minimally invasive brain drainage surgery is shown. The guiding device is called a puncture cone, which is used to guide and drive the rear end of the drainage tube to be advanced and retained under the scalp after the front end of the drainage tube is placed into the target area through a skull drilling.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, the puncture cone comprises, arranged in order from rear to front, a tail cone needle segment 1, a shaft 2, and a cone tip 4. The tail cone needle segment 1 is used to securely connect to the end of the drainage tube, allowing the puncture cone to drive the drainage tube end 6 in a stealth manner. The cone tip 4 has a sharp front end and is used to puncture the subscalp space from the skull burr hole. It then pokes the scalp at the designated location, and when the puncture cone is pulled out and the entire cone is moved to the outside of the scalp, the drainage tube end can be pulled outward, thereby achieving stealth retention of the drainage tube.

[0028] The puncture cone of this embodiment establishes a stealth tunnel in one stroke and simultaneously drives the end of the drainage tube to pass through the stealth tunnel, so as to quickly achieve stealth placement of the drainage tube.

[0029] like Figure 2 As shown, the structure of the tail cone needle segment 1 includes a guide portion 11, a tail cone enlarged portion 12 and an annular groove 13 which are arranged in sequence from the rear end to the front end.

[0030] The guide portion 11 is needle-shaped, so that the drainage tube end 6 can be sleeved on the guide portion 11 . The tail cone expansion portion 12 is cone-shaped, and the cross-sections at both ends are circular.

[0031] The outer diameter of the rear end of the tail cone enlarged part 12 is smaller than the outer diameter of the front end. When the drainage tube end 6 is fixed to the tail cone needle segment 1, the drainage tube end 6 is sleeved on the guide part 11 and slides forward until the drainage tube end 6 passes over the front end of the tail cone enlarged part 12. The connection between the drainage tube end 6 and the puncture cone is completed.

[0032] It can be understood that since the drainage tube has a certain elasticity, when the drainage tube terminal 6 passes over the tail cone expansion part 12, the expansion of the tail cone expansion part 12 increases the friction between the tail cone expansion part 12 and the inner wall surface of the drainage tube terminal 6, making it difficult for the drainage tube terminal 6 to separate from the tail cone needle segment 1 during the sneaking process. The part of the drainage tube terminal 6 that passes over the tail cone expansion part 12 will retract from the expanded state. The inner diameter of the drainage tube terminal 6 in the retracted state is smaller than the outer diameter of the front end of the tail cone expansion part 12, making it more difficult for the drainage tube terminal 6 to fall off from the tail cone needle segment 1, ensuring that the puncture operation is successful at one time.

[0033] like Figure 2 As shown, the rear end of the rod portion 2 is provided with a rod tail expansion portion 21, the rod tail expansion portion 21 is conical, and the outer diameter of the front end is smaller than the outer diameter of the rear end, and the cross section of the rod tail expansion portion 21 is circular.

[0034] The annular groove 13 is formed between the tail cone enlarged portion 12 and the rod tail enlarged portion 21. The outer diameter of the rear end of the rod tail enlarged portion 21 is not less than the outer diameter of the drainage tube, preferably greater than the outer diameter of the drainage tube, and greater than the outer diameter of the front end of the tail cone enlarged portion 12. The cross-sectional diameter of the puncture cone at the position of the annular groove 13 is smaller than the outer diameter of the front end of the tail cone enlarged portion 12, and greater than the outer diameter of the guide portion 11.

[0035] When connecting the drainage tube end 6 to the tail cone needle section 1, the drainage tube end 6 is sleeved on the guide portion 11, extends forward along the guide portion 11 and expands through the tail cone enlarged portion 12, and then the drainage tube end 6 continues to extend to the front end position of the annular groove 13 and abuts the rear end surface of the rod tail enlarged portion 21.

[0036] By setting the structure as above, the end face of the drainage tube terminal 6 is protected by the rear end of the rod tail bulge 21 and is located inside the rear end of the rod tail bulge 21. When the puncture cone punctures and sneaks into the subcutaneous space, the subscalp tissue will not make direct contact with the end face of the drainage tube terminal 6, which can effectively reduce the risk of the drainage tube terminal 6 being detached from the tail cone needle segment 1. Figure 4 shown.

[0037] It is understandable that in order to further prevent the drainage tube end 6 from being separated from the tail cone needle segment 1 during the sneaking process, the drainage tube end can be fastened with a silk thread at the annular groove 13 according to the situation.

[0038] like Figure 2 As shown, the outer diameter of the front section of the expanded portion 21 at the end of the rod is the same as the outer diameter of the main body of the rod 2, and the outer diameter of the expanded portion 21 at the end of the rod gradually increases from front to back. The purpose is to ensure that during the puncture of the puncture cone along the subscalp space, the expanded portion 21 at the end of the rod can protect the end face of the drainage tube terminal 6 from direct contact with the tissue, and on the other hand, it can appropriately expand the subscalp tissue to achieve the establishment of a stealth tunnel.

[0039] The distal end 6 of the drainage tube in this embodiment abuts against the rear end face of the expanded portion 21 of the rod tail, and the outer diameter of the expanded portion 21 of the rod tail is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the distal end 6 of the drainage tube. Compared with the technical solution in the prior art in which the drainage tube is entirely nested inside the structure of the guide device, the stealth tunnel formed by the puncture cone in this embodiment has a better fit with the drainage tube and a smaller size, resulting in less trauma and a lower risk of infection.

[0040] The expanded portion 21 at the tail of the rod is provided with a rear bayonet 22 that passes through the puncture cone; a neck section 3 is formed at the front end of the rod, and a neck section expanded portion 31 is formed at the neck section 3. The outer diameter of the neck section expanded portion 31 is larger than the outer diameter of the rod 2. The cross-sectional shape of the neck section expanded portion 31 is circular at all locations, the outer diameter at the middle position is larger than the outer diameter at the two end positions and it transitions smoothly from the middle to the two ends. The maximum outer diameter of the neck section expanded portion 31 is smaller than the outer diameter of the expanded portion 21 at the tail of the rod.

[0041] The purpose of setting the cervical bulge 31 is to achieve a preliminary small-scale expansion of the gap between the scalp tissue and the brain by the cervical bulge 31 at the front end of the rod during the puncture cone penetration process, and then further expand it on this basis by the subsequent rod tail bulge 21. This setting method can make it easier for the puncture cone to puncture between the scalp tissue and the brain, and can ensure that the puncture process is smooth and unobstructed.

[0042] The enlarged portion 31 of the cervical section of this embodiment is approximately spindle-shaped and is provided with a front bayonet 32. The size and shape of the front bayonet 32 ​​and the rear bayonet 22 are exactly the same, that is, the two bayonet shapes, sizes and angles are consistent, the purpose of which is to achieve cooperation with the twist controller 5. One end of the twist controller 5 is inserted into the front bayonet 32 ​​or the rear bayonet 22 at different stages. The twist controller 5 plays the role of an operating handle, and the twist controller 5 drives the puncture cone to perform subscalp puncture work outside the scalp.

[0043] like Figure 5-Figure 7 As shown, the torque controller 5 includes a handheld portion 52 , and a clamping portion 51 is provided at one end of the handheld portion 52 . The clamping portion 51 is used to cooperate with the front bayonet or the rear bayonet, thereby driving the puncture cone to move through the handheld portion 52 .

[0044] The bayonet (front bayonet 32 ​​and rear bayonet 22) in this embodiment have exactly the same structure, and the cross-sectional shape is rectangular. As a rectangular transverse hole, the snap-fitting portion 51 is correspondingly configured as a rectangular plate-like structure, and its size is adapted to the bayonet size, so that the front end of the snap-fitting portion 51 can be vertically inserted into the bayonet to achieve snap-fit.

[0045] The cross-sectional shape of the front bayonet 32 ​​and the rear bayonet 22 can be rectangular or oblong, and the cross-sectional shape of the clamping portion 51 needs to be made into a corresponding shape. The handle portion is preferably a columnar structure, which is not specifically limited.

[0046] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the cone tip 4 includes a cone tip proximal side 42 and a cone tip portion 41 arranged in sequence from the rear end to the front end. The cone tip proximal side 42 is in the shape of a truncated cone, which is similar in shape to the rod tail bulge 21 and the tail cone bulge 12, and the rear end outer diameter is smaller than the front end outer diameter, and the rear end outer diameter is adapted to the outer diameter of the rod portion 2. The cone tip portion 41 is a regular triangular pyramid structure with a sharp front end, and one of its faces is perpendicular to the axis of the front and rear bayonet. During the puncture process of the puncture cone, the cone tip portion 41 can expand the gap between the subscalp tissue and the skull. When the cone tip 4 punctures the scalp, it is necessary to ensure that one of the planes of the cone tip 41 is parallel to the external tangent surface of the drainage tube to prevent the cone tip 41 and the edge from being damaged and puncturing the drainage tube.

[0047] It is understood that one of the faces of the cone tip (triangular pyramid structure) is perpendicular to the axis of the front and rear bayonet, so that when the device is operated to puncture the subscalp space at the scalp fissure at the skull drilling site, one face of the triangular pyramid is parallel to the outer wall of the drainage tube without damaging the drainage tube.

[0048] The rod portion 2 is arranged in an arc shape, or the entire puncture cone is arranged in an arc shape, specifically an arc shape that adapts to the curved surface of the skull, so that the puncture cone can smoothly establish a tunnel between the skull and the scalp tissue.

[0049] In some examples, the rod 2 is arranged in a straight rod shape. Specifically, for patients with large scalp mobility, a straight rod or arc-shaped puncture cone can be selected. For patients with small scalp mobility, the rod 2 is preferably arranged in an arc shape.

[0050] like Figure 3 As shown, in other examples, a front bayonet 32 ​​that passes through the puncture cone is provided on the proximal side 42 of the cone tip at the rear end position, and the neck section enlargement portion 31 is not provided near the front end position of the rod 2.

[0051] It is understandable that, since the torque controller 5 is externally engaged with the bayonet, the distance between the front bayonet 32 ​​and the rear bayonet 22 can be understood as the maximum length of the sneak tunnel that can be completed.

[0052] The front bayonet 32 ​​is arranged at the proximal side 42 of the cone tip. Compared with the case where the front bayonet 32 ​​is arranged at the front end of the rod 2, the distance between the front and rear bayonet is increased, so that the puncture cone can establish a longer stealth tunnel. Specifically, the corresponding type of puncture cone can be selected according to the patient's different conditions before surgery.

[0053] In this embodiment, the distance between the neck section enlarged portion 31 and the tail cone enlarged portion 12 is 15 cm, the total length of the puncture cone is 22-25 cm, preferably 23 cm, and the diameter of the rod is 4.5-5.0 mm, preferably 5.0 mm.

[0054] The specific operation process is as follows: Figures 8-11 As shown: S1-S2: After drilling through the scalp, skull, and dura mater with a fine-bore cranial drill, the distal end of the drainage tube is successfully placed in the affected area under the guidance of the drainage tube guide needle. The drainage tube guide needle is then removed, allowing the accumulated fluid to enter the drainage tube through the side hole at the distal end. After the distal end of the drainage tube is placed in the target intracranial area, the distal end is temporarily clamped or sealed for future use. A first puncture hole 7 is formed at the location where the cranial drill penetrates the scalp.

[0055] S3-S4: At the position of the first puncture hole 7, the knob is engaged with the rear bayonet 32 ​​to drive the puncture cone to move, so that the cone tip 4 of the puncture cone punctures through the first puncture hole 7 along the gap between the scalp and the skull in a predetermined sneaking direction. During this process, it is important to hold the knob 5 to keep one surface of the cone tip 4 parallel to the drainage tube. After the puncture cone sneaks a certain distance in a certain direction, the cone tip pierces the scalp and passes out. Specifically, the cone tip pokes out of the scalp (forming a second puncture hole 8) until the front bayonet 32 ​​moves outside the scalp.

[0056] S5-S6: The end 6 of the drainage tube is sleeved on the tail cone needle section 1 of the puncture cone. The drainage tube is 360° ring-shaped outside the first puncture hole 7. The twist controller 5 cooperates with the front bayonet 32 ​​to pull the puncture cone outward from the second puncture hole 8. During the process, as the tail cone needle section 1 of the puncture cone is pulled, with the help of the guidance of the puncture cone, the tail section of the drainage section has been pulled out of the second puncture hole 8. The length of the 360° ring-shaped structure of the drainage tube outside the first puncture hole 7 gradually decreases until the ring of the drainage tube outside the first puncture hole is opened. During this process, the part of the drainage tube located in the skull is not pulled and remains in place.

[0057] S7: The loop of the drainage tube at the first puncture hole has been opened, the intracranial section of the drainage tube is at a 90° angle to the lower scalp section, and the first puncture hole in the scalp is sutured. Figure 11 As shown, this is a schematic diagram of the stealth retention state of the drainage tube. At this time, the puncture cone at the end of the drainage tube has been pulled out, and the drainage tube is connected with other drainage systems, realizing the stealth retention of the cranial drainage tube.

[0058] The puncture cone of this embodiment only requires one puncture stroke to simultaneously achieve the establishment of a stealth tunnel and the stealth placement of a drainage tube. Compared with the prior art guide device that requires two round trips, it has the advantages of simple operation, short time, close fit between the subcutaneous tunnel and the drainage tube, less trauma, and obvious tunnel effect. Not only is the drainage tube easy to maintain, the intracranial lesions have sufficient drainage time, and the risk of infection is significantly reduced, thereby improving the treatment effect.

[0059] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for guiding the advancement of drainage tubes during minimally invasive brain drainage, characterized in that: The puncture cone comprises a tail cone needle section, a rod section and a cone tip which are arranged in sequence from the rear end to the front end; the tail cone needle section is used to be sleeved on the end of the drainage tube to achieve fixation of the end of the drainage tube, and the front end of the cone tip is sharp and is used to puncture the scalp fissure at the skull drilling site through the subscalp space and poke out the scalp at a designated position. The puncture cone establishes a stealth tunnel in one stroke while driving the drainage tube to pass through the stealth tunnel synchronously to achieve stealth retention of the drainage tube.

2. The device for guiding the advancement of drainage tubes in minimally invasive brain drainage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tail cone needle segment comprises a guide portion, a tail cone enlarged portion and an annular groove which are sequentially arranged from the rear end to the front end.

3. The device for guiding the advancement of drainage tubes in minimally invasive brain drainage according to claim 2, characterized in that: The guide portion is needle-shaped, the tail cone expansion portion is cone-shaped, and the rear end outer diameter is smaller than the front end outer diameter.

4. The device for guiding the advancement of drainage tubes in minimally invasive brain drainage according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rear end of the rod part is provided with a rod tail expansion part, which is conical, with a front end outer diameter smaller than a rear end outer diameter, a rear end outer diameter not smaller than an outer diameter of the drainage tube, and larger than a front end outer diameter of the tail cone expansion part; the annular groove is formed between the tail cone expansion part and the rod tail expansion part.

5. The device for guiding the advancement of drainage tubes in minimally invasive brain drainage according to claim 4, characterized in that: The end of the drainage tube is sleeved on the guide portion, extends forward along the guide portion, expands through the tail cone bulge, extends to the front end of the annular groove and abuts against the rear end surface of the rod tail bulge.

6. The device for guiding the advancement of drainage tubes in minimally invasive brain drainage according to claim 4, characterized in that: The expanded part at the tail of the rod is provided with a rear bayonet for penetrating the puncture cone; the front end of the rod or the rear end of the cone tip is provided with a front bayonet for penetrating the puncture cone, and the two bayonet shapes, sizes and angles are consistent.

7. The device for guiding the advancement of drainage tubes in minimally invasive brain drainage according to claim 6, characterized in that: The front end of the rod forms a neck section, and a neck section expansion part is formed at the neck section, whose outer diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the rod, the outer diameter at the middle position is larger than the outer diameters at the two end positions and has a smooth transition, and the outer diameter at the middle position is smaller than the outer diameter of the expansion part at the end of the rod.

8. The device for guiding the advancement of drainage tubes in minimally invasive brain drainage according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes a twist controller, which includes a handheld part, and a clamping part is provided at one end of the handheld part. The clamping part is used to insert the rear clamping part and the front clamping part respectively during the operation, and then the puncture cone is controlled by the twist controller to complete the puncture and guiding operations.

9. The device for guiding the advancement of drainage tubes in minimally invasive brain drainage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rod portion is arranged in an arc shape; Alternatively, the puncture cone is arranged in an arc shape as a whole.

10. The device for guiding the advancement of drainage tubes in minimally invasive brain drainage according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cone tip includes a proximal cone tip and a cone tip portion arranged from the rear end to the front end. The proximal cone tip has a conical shape, and the outer diameter of the rear end is smaller than the outer diameter of the front end. The cone tip portion has a regular triangular pyramid structure. One surface of the cone tip is perpendicular to the axis of the front and rear bayonet holes, so that when the puncture cone is operated to puncture the subscalp space at the scalp fissure drilled through the skull, one surface of the triangular pyramid is parallel to the wall of the drainage tube without damaging the drainage tube.

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