Extrusion forming device for aluminum alloy profile machining

Abstract

The invention discloses an extrusion forming device for aluminum alloy profile machining, and belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy profile extrusion forming. The extrusion head is positioned above the base and is driven by external hydraulic equipment; the pressure applying assembly is mounted on the outer side of the extrusion head and used for being matched with the base to limit the workpiece during extrusion; wherein cavities used for containing oil liquid are formed in the pressure applying assembly and the base, the oil liquid in the cavities is smeared on the surface of a workpiece during extrusion, the two side faces of the workpiece can be evenly smeared with the oil liquid through the arrangement of balls and oil outlet holes, workpiece abrasion or forming defects caused by uneven lubrication are avoided, and the machining quality is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy profile extrusion molding, and in particular to an extrusion molding device for aluminum alloy profile processing. Background Art

[0002] In the field of aluminum alloy profile processing, extrusion molding is a commonly used processing method. In order to avoid displacement or deformation of the workpiece during the extrusion process, which may cause defects such as wrinkles and creases on the workpiece surface, the workpiece is usually limited during the extrusion process. However, the lubrication treatment between the workpiece and the device in the prior art is relatively cumbersome and has limited effect. It is usually necessary to lubricate the workpiece separately before extrusion, which not only increases the processing steps and reduces the processing efficiency, but also makes it difficult to achieve dynamic lubrication during the extrusion process. At the same time, lubrication is mostly done by manual application or simple spraying, and the oil is unevenly distributed, which makes the friction between the workpiece and the extrusion device larger, which not only aggravates the wear of the pressure component and the base, shortens the service life of the equipment, but may also further damage the workpiece surface due to excessive local friction. In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an extrusion molding device for aluminum alloy profile processing. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In response to the above-mentioned technical deficiencies, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an extrusion forming device for processing aluminum alloy profiles. Through the setting of balls and oil outlet holes, the oil can be evenly applied to both sides of the workpiece, avoiding workpiece wear or forming defects caused by uneven lubrication, and effectively improving the processing quality.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: The present invention provides an extrusion forming device for processing aluminum alloy profiles, comprising: A base, wherein the base is provided with a through opening; An extrusion head, located above the base and driven by external hydraulic equipment; A pressure assembly is mounted on the outside of the extrusion head and is used to cooperate with the base to limit the workpiece during extrusion; The pressure component and the base are both provided with cavities for containing oil, and the oil in the cavity is smeared on the surface of the workpiece during squeezing.

[0005] Preferably, the pressure-applying assembly includes: a pressure plate, the pressure plate is sleeved on the outside of the extrusion head, a first spring is connected between the pressure plate and the extrusion head, and an oil storage chamber is provided inside the pressure plate.

[0006] Preferably, a plurality of balls are rotatably mounted on the lower side of the pressure plate. When the pressure assembly presses against the workpiece, the balls apply a pressing force to the workpiece and smear the oil in the oil storage chamber onto the surface of the workpiece.

[0007] Preferably, an inner cavity is provided below the oil storage cavity and inside the pressure plate, and a plurality of through holes adapted to the ball bearings are provided on the top side wall of the inner cavity, and a sealing portion is provided inside the through hole. When the ball bearing presses against the workpiece, the sealing portion applies a pressing force to the ball bearing, and at the same time, the oil inside the oil storage cavity is smeared on the surface of the workpiece through the ball bearing.

[0008] Preferably, the sealing portion comprises: The spring piece is in the shape of an arch with a convex middle portion and a through slot is provided on the spring piece. The through slot is closed under the elastic force of the spring piece itself, and the through slot is opened when the ball presses against the spring piece.

[0009] Preferably, the diameter of the through hole is smaller than the diameter of the ball.

[0010] Preferably, an oil groove is provided on the upper side of the base, a piston plate is provided inside the oil groove, a piston frame is fixedly connected to the piston plate, the upper end of the piston frame passes through the upper side of the base and extends to the outside of the base, the oil groove is communicated with the flow equalization cavity provided inside the base, and a plurality of oil outlet holes are provided on the top side wall of the flow equalization cavity. When the pressure assembly is pressed against the workpiece, the oil inside the oil groove flows to the upper side of the base through the oil outlet holes.

[0011] Preferably, a convex frame is fixedly connected to the upper side of the base, and the convex frame surrounds a plurality of oil outlet holes.

[0012] Preferably, a heating pad is provided inside the through-hole on the base, and the heating pad extends along the side wall of the through-hole to the inside of the accommodating cavity provided in the base, and a second spring is connected between the heating pad and the side wall of the accommodating cavity.

[0013] Preferably, heating blocks are provided inside the pressure-applying assembly and inside the base.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: By utilizing the pressure assembly and ball bearings, this invention dynamically limits the workpiece during the extrusion process, preventing wrinkles and creases on the workpiece surface and improving its surface quality. It also reduces friction between the workpiece and the pressure assembly, minimizing wear on the pressure assembly and base. Furthermore, during the extrusion process, the ball bearings apply oil from the oil reservoir to the workpiece surface, while the oil in the oil tank is discharged through the oil outlet. This synergistic effect lubricates the upper and lower surfaces of the workpiece, further reducing friction and wear.

[0015] The present invention implements full-area temperature control on the workpiece during the extrusion process by setting up heating pads and heating blocks, so that the workpiece maintains a suitable plastic deformation temperature, significantly improves the plasticity of the material, reduces the equipment load, and optimizes the surface finish and dimensional accuracy of the workpiece. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an extrusion molding device for processing aluminum alloy profiles provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the base of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the extrusion head and pressing plate of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 It is a top view of the extrusion head and the pressing plate of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Cross-sectional view at AA.

[0022] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged view of point B.

[0023] Figure 7 It is a top view of the base of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Cross-sectional view at CC.

[0025] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 8 Enlarged view of point D.

[0026] Figure 10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the shrapnel of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 11 It is a structural schematic diagram of the heating pad of the present invention.

[0028] Description of reference numerals: 1. Base, 2. Extrusion head, 3. Pressure plate, 4. First spring, 5. Oil storage chamber, 6. Ball bearing, 7. Inner chamber, 8. Through hole, 9. Shrapnel, 10. Oil groove, 11. Piston frame, 12. Flow equalizing chamber, 13. Heating pad, 14. Accommodating chamber, 15. Second spring, 16. Heating block, 17. Convex frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] The present invention provides an extrusion molding device for processing aluminum alloy profiles, such as Figures 1 to 11 shown.

[0031] Example 1: An extrusion forming device for processing aluminum alloy profiles includes a base 1, which is provided with a through-hole for extruding the profile. An extrusion head 2 is located above the base 1 and is driven by an external hydraulic device for extrusion. A pressure assembly is installed on the outside of the extrusion head 2, which is used to cooperate with the base 1 to limit the workpiece during extrusion. The pressure assembly includes a pressure plate 3, which is sleeved on the outside of the extrusion head 2. A fixed plate is fixedly connected to the side surface of the upper end of the extrusion head 2. A first spring 4 is connected between the pressure plate 3 and the fixed plate. One end of the first spring 4 is fixedly connected to the fixed plate, and the other end is fixedly connected to the pressure plate 3, so that the pressure plate 3 can move elastically relative to the extrusion head 2. When the extrusion head 2 extrudes the workpiece, the first spring 4 contracts and the pressure plate 3 applies a pressing force to the workpiece. A limiting rod is provided on both sides of the extrusion head 2. The lower end of the limiting rod is fixedly connected to the pressure plate 3, and the upper end passes through the fixed plate and folds to form a flange on all sides, so that the pressure plate 3 can be driven to rise when the extrusion head 2 rises.

[0032] An oil storage chamber 5 is provided inside the pressing plate 3 for containing oil. During the extrusion process, when the pressure component presses the workpiece, the oil in the oil storage chamber 5 is dynamically applied to the workpiece.

[0033] Multiple balls 6 are rotatably mounted on the underside of the pressure plate 3. When the hydraulic system drives the extrusion head 2 downward, the workpiece contacts the balls 6, which press against the workpiece surface. This pressing force not only effectively prevents the workpiece from shifting or warping during the extrusion process, resulting in wrinkles and creases, but also the rotation of the balls 6 evenly spreads the oil supplied by the oil reservoir 5 across the workpiece surface, significantly reducing sliding friction between the workpiece and the pressure plate 3.

[0034] Below the oil storage chamber 5, an inner chamber 7 is provided inside the pressure plate 3. A plurality of through holes 8 adapted to the ball 6 are provided on the top side wall of the inner chamber 7. A sealing portion is provided inside the through hole 8, and the sealing portion includes a spring clip 9. The spring clip 9 is in the shape of an arch convex in the middle, and a through groove is provided on it. Under the action of the elastic force of the spring clip 9 itself and the pressure of the oil, the through groove is in a closed state, preventing the oil in the oil storage chamber 5 from flowing out freely. When the ball 6 is pressed upward by the pressing force of the workpiece against the spring clip 9, the spring clip 9 is elastically deformed, and the through groove thereon is stretched open, so that the oil in the oil storage chamber 5 can flow through the through groove to the surface of the ball 6, and then be smeared on the workpiece by the ball 6. The spring clip 9 always presses against the ball 6 under the action of its own elastic force, which can keep the ball 6 stable. The diameter of the through hole 8 is smaller than the diameter of the ball 6, which can prevent the ball 6 from entering the interior of the oil storage chamber 5.

[0035] The ball 6, the spring 9, the through hole 8 and the oil storage chamber 5 work together to realize a dynamic lubrication mechanism that automatically opens the oil supply channel only when pressure is applied and lubrication is required, thereby avoiding oil waste.

[0036] Example 2: An oil groove 10 is provided on the upper side of the base 1. This groove 10 is rectangular in shape, and a piston plate is mounted inside the oil groove 10, sliding up and down. A piston frame 11 is fixedly connected to the piston plate, and the upper end of the piston frame 11 extends through the upper side of the base 1 to the outside of the base 1. A return spring 18 is installed between the piston plate and the sidewall of the bottom of the oil groove 10. The two ends of the return spring 18 are respectively connected to the piston plate and the bottom of the oil groove 10, providing a return force to move the piston plate upward. When the pressure plate 3 does not apply a clamping force to the piston frame 11, the elastic force of the return spring 18 can push the piston plate upward.

[0037] The base 1 has a flow-distributing chamber 12 within it. The oil tank 10 communicates with this chamber via an oil channel. The end of the channel, closest to the oil tank 10, is located on one side of the bottom wall of the oil tank 10. Multiple oil outlet holes are distributed along the top wall of the flow-distributing chamber 12 (i.e., the top surface of the base 1). A raised frame 17 is fixedly attached to the top side of the base 1, surrounding these oil outlet holes.

[0038] When the ball 6 presses against the workpiece and presses the workpiece toward the base 1, the pressure plate 3 first presses on the piston frame 11. As the pressure increases, the piston frame 11 is pressed down, squeezing the oil in the oil tank 10. The squeezed oil is forced to flow into the equal flow chamber 12. In the equal flow chamber 12, the oil pressure is balanced, and then flows out evenly to the upper surface of the base 1 through the multiple oil outlets at the top of the equal flow chamber 12. The function of the convex frame 17 is to temporarily surround the outflowing oil to prevent it from scattering and ensure that the oil can fully infiltrate the contact area between the workpiece and the base 1. This pressure-triggered oil supply system is synchronized with the pressure action, and the lubricating oil is accurately supplied to the contact interface between the lower surface of the workpiece and the base 1 at the moment of extrusion, effectively reducing the friction resistance here, reducing the wear of the base 1, and coordinating with the ball 6 above to achieve synchronous lubrication of the upper and lower surfaces of the workpiece.

[0039] Example 3: Heater blocks 16 are embedded within both the pressure assembly and base 1 (the heater block 16 within the pressure assembly is installed within the oil reservoir 5, and the heater block 16 within the base 1 is installed within the oil tank 10). When powered, heat is generated by the heater blocks 16, preheating the lubricating grease within the oil reservoir 5 and the oil tank 10 / flow-distributing chamber 12 of the base 1. This reduces viscosity and increases fluidity, making it easier to extrude and distribute evenly, thus enhancing lubrication. Simultaneously, heat is transferred to the workpiece contact area, allowing the aluminum alloy workpiece to maintain or reach an optimal plastic deformation temperature during extrusion, reducing deformation resistance, alleviating equipment load, and contributing to better surface finish and dimensional accuracy.

[0040] A heating pad 13 is installed inside the through-hole of the base 1. The heating pad 13 is made of a flexible material with good compressive properties (for example, a carbon-based composite material that generates heat when powered). The heating pad 13 is used to directly heat the profile passing through the through-hole, providing localized precise temperature control. The four sides of the heating pad 13 extend through the side walls of the through-hole into the accommodating cavity 14 provided in the base 1. A second spring 15 is connected between the heating pad 13 and the side walls of the accommodating cavity 14.

[0041] When the extrusion head 2 forcefully pushes the workpiece (blank) into the through-port for extrusion molding, the second spring 15 is subjected to tension and produces elastic deformation, so that the heating pad 13 can move synchronously with the workpiece and always fit the workpiece. At the same time, the second spring 15 ensures that the heating pad 13 can reset in the non-extrusion state and maintain good contact with the profile for heating.

[0042] The overall preheating provided by the heating block 16 and the local precise heating provided by the heating pad 13 work together to optimize the temperature field of the workpiece throughout the extrusion path, further enhance the plasticity and lubrication effect, and jointly achieve the purpose of reducing wrinkles and improving surface quality and precision.

[0043] Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is intended to include such changes and modifications.

Claims

1. An extrusion molding device for processing aluminum alloy profiles, characterized in that: include: A base (1), wherein the base (1) is provided with a through opening; An extrusion head (2), the extrusion head (2) being located above the base (1) and driven by external hydraulic equipment; A pressure component, the pressure component being mounted on the outside of the extrusion head (2) and being used to cooperate with the base (1) to confine the workpiece during extrusion; The pressure component and the base (1) are both provided with cavities for containing oil, and the oil in the cavity is smeared on the surface of the workpiece during squeezing.

2. The extrusion molding device for aluminum alloy profile processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure assembly comprises a pressure plate (3), the pressure plate (3) is sleeved on the outside of the extrusion head (2), a first spring (4) is connected between the pressure plate (3) and the extrusion head (2), and an oil storage chamber (5) is provided inside the pressure plate (3).

3. The extrusion molding device for aluminum alloy profile processing according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of balls (6) are rotatably mounted on the lower side of the pressure plate (3). When the pressure component presses against the workpiece, the balls (6) exert a pressing force on the workpiece and smear the oil in the oil storage chamber (5) onto the surface of the workpiece.

4. The extrusion forming device for processing aluminum alloy profiles according to claim 3, characterized in that: An inner cavity (7) is provided below the oil storage cavity (5) and inside the pressure plate (3). A plurality of through holes (8) adapted to the balls (6) are provided on the top side wall of the inner cavity (7). A sealing portion is provided inside the through hole (8). When the balls (6) press against the workpiece, the sealing portion applies a pressing force to the balls (6), and at the same time, the oil inside the oil storage cavity (5) is smeared on the surface of the workpiece through the balls (6).

5. The extrusion molding device for processing aluminum alloy profiles according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sealing portion includes: The spring piece (9) is shaped like an arch with a convex center, and a through slot is provided on the spring piece (9). The through slot is closed under the elastic force of the spring piece (9), and is opened when the ball (6) presses against the spring piece (9).

6. The extrusion molding device for processing aluminum alloy profiles according to claim 4, characterized in that: The diameter of the through hole (8) is smaller than the diameter of the ball (6).

7. The extrusion molding device for processing aluminum alloy profiles according to claim 1, characterized in that: An oil groove (10) is provided on the upper side of the base (1), a piston plate is provided inside the oil groove (10), a piston frame (11) is fixedly connected to the piston plate, the upper end of the piston frame (11) passes through the upper side of the base (1) and extends to the outside of the base (1), the oil groove (10) is communicated with a flow-equalizing cavity (12) provided inside the base (1), a plurality of oil outlet holes are provided on the top side wall of the flow-equalizing cavity (12), and when the pressure component is pressed against the workpiece, the oil inside the oil groove (10) flows to the upper side of the base (1) through the oil outlet holes.

8. The extrusion molding device for aluminum alloy profile processing according to claim 7, characterized in that: A convex frame (17) is fixedly connected to the upper side of the base (1), and the convex frame (17) surrounds a plurality of oil outlet holes.

9. The extrusion molding device for processing aluminum alloy profiles according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heating pad (13) is provided inside the through-hole on the base (1), and the heating pad (13) extends along the side wall of the through-hole to the inside of a receiving cavity (14) provided in the base (1), and a second spring (15) is connected between the heating pad (13) and the side wall of the receiving cavity (14).

10. The extrusion molding device for processing aluminum alloy profiles according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heating block (16) is provided inside the pressure-applying component and inside the base (1).

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