A laser oscillation welding apparatus and a welding method

Abstract

The application relates to the field of welding devices, and discloses a laser swing welding device and a welding method. The laser swing welding device comprises a supporting table, an adjusting mechanism, a swing mechanism, a laser welding head, a gradient temperature changing mechanism, a cover, a gas supply mechanism, a jet preheating mechanism and a clamping mechanism. The adjusting mechanism is arranged on the supporting table and connected with the gradient temperature changing mechanism to change the welding position of the laser welding head. The supporting table is provided with a plate body I and a plate body II to be limited by the clamping mechanism. The laser welding head is rotationally arranged on the cover and driven by the swing mechanism to swing weld the welding position between the plate body I and the plate body II. The gradient temperature changing mechanism, the ultrasonic transducer, the gas supply and the jet preheating mechanism are cooperated, the eccentric driving disc and the swing frame are cooperated, the protective gas is preheated, the post-welding gradient cooling and heating are realized, the thermal stress and the thermal shock are reduced, the welding performance is improved, the laser energy is uniformly distributed, and the welding quality of the dissimilar metal plates is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of welding device, more particularly, it is a kind of laser swing welding device and welding method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Different metal plates refer to the plates composed of two or more different metal materials, due to the differences in physical properties, chemical properties and mechanical properties of different metal materials, in order to meet the specific use requirements, often need to carry out welding operation on different metal plates, and this process usually needs to be completed by laser welding equipment swing welding to increase the fusion of welding.

[0003] However, when the laser welding equipment in the market at present executes welding operation, the direct welding method is generally adopted, but in the laser welding process, heat is released in a very short time, and the temperature of the area that has not been welded is often lower, so when welding is directly carried out on the un-welded part, due to the large temperature difference between the welded part and the un-welded part, the weld is prone to deformation, which ultimately affects the welding quality. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application provides a kind of laser swing welding device and welding method, solve the technical problem that the temperature difference of welding part is too large when laser is directly welded in the related art, weld is easy to deform, affect welding quality.

[0005] The present application provides a kind of laser swing welding device, including support table, adjusting mechanism, swing mechanism, laser welding head, gradient temperature changing mechanism, cover, gas supply mechanism, jet preheating mechanism and clamping mechanism;

[0006] The adjusting mechanism is arranged on the support table and connected with the gradient temperature changing mechanism to change the welding position of the laser welding head;

[0007] The support table is placed with plate one and plate two to be limited by the clamping mechanism;

[0008] The laser welding head is rotationally arranged on the cover and driven by the swing mechanism to swing weld the welding position between the plate one and the plate two;

[0009] The gas supply mechanism is arranged on the gradient temperature changing mechanism, and the protective gas is introduced by the gas supply mechanism and heated by the gradient temperature changing mechanism, which plays a protective role when the laser welding head is welded, so that the gas is heated twice through the weld to supply the jet preheating mechanism, to preheat the welding position, at the same time, the gradient temperature changing mechanism gradiently cools the welded area.

[0010] As a further optimization scheme of the present application, the adjusting mechanism comprises a linear actuator one, a linear actuator two, a mounting frame and an electric push rod, the linear actuator one is assembled on the support table, and the output end of the linear actuator one is connected with the mounting frame, the linear actuator two is assembled on the mounting frame, the electric push rod is installed at the output end of the linear actuator two and connected with the gradient temperature changing mechanism, and the support table is provided with a guide rail for guiding the mounting frame.

[0011] As a further optimization scheme of the present application, the swing mechanism comprises a driving motor, a driving disc, a swing frame, a driving shaft and a mounting plate, the driving motor is assembled on the shell through the mounting plate, the driving shaft of the driving motor is fixedly sleeved with the driving disc, the driving shaft is eccentrically arranged on the driving disc and extends into the swing frame, and one end of the swing frame is fixedly connected with the laser welding head.

[0012] As a further optimization scheme of the present application, the gradient temperature changing mechanism comprises a box body and a partition plate, the box body is fixedly connected with the output end of the electric push rod, the inside of the box body is divided into a plurality of chambers by the partition plate, a heating rod is installed in each chamber, and the chambers are filled with oil liquid, and the temperature of the oil liquid presents a gradient distribution gradually decreasing from the side close to the shell to the side far away from the shell.

[0013] As a further optimization scheme of the present application, an ultrasonic transducer is assembled on the box body, and the acting end of the ultrasonic transducer extends into the inside of the box body.

[0014] As a further optimization scheme of the present application, the jet preheating mechanism comprises a U-shaped pipe, the U-shaped pipe is communicated with the shell, and an inclined hole is formed in the U-shaped pipe to blow gas to the area to be welded.

[0015] As a further optimization scheme of the present application, the U-shaped pipe is slidably communicated with a moving pipe, one end of the moving pipe is closed, the other end is connected with the inner wall of the U-shaped pipe through a spring, and an exhaust hole is formed in the moving pipe.

[0016] As a further optimization scheme of the present application, the clamping mechanism comprises a hydraulic cylinder and a clamping plate, the hydraulic cylinder is assembled on the support table, and the driving end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the clamping plate.

[0017] As a further optimization scheme of the present application, the gas supply mechanism comprises a gas supply pipe and a ring pipe, the gas supply pipe is arranged in the chamber in a meandering manner, the exhaust end of the gas supply pipe is communicated with the ring pipe, the ring pipe is installed in the inside of the shell, the laser welding head penetrates through the ring pipe, and a jet hole is formed in the bottom of the ring pipe.

[0018] A laser swing welding method, which adopts the laser swing welding device as described above, comprises the following steps:

[0019] Step one, limit clamping:

[0020] Placing the plate body one and the plate body two on the support table, the clamping mechanism clamps the plate body one and the plate body two;

[0021] Step two, welding:

[0022] The adjusting mechanism changes the welding position of the laser welding head in the length direction of the weld, the swing mechanism drives the laser welding head to swing and weld, while welding, the gas supply mechanism supplies the protective gas through the gas supply end, the protective gas is heated by the gradient temperature changing mechanism, enters the shell and protects the welding position, and is heated at the same time, and the gas jet preheating mechanism acts on the to-be-welded area for preheating;

[0023] Step three, weld cooling after welding:

[0024] With the adjusting mechanism adjusting the laser welding head to continue welding, the weld after welding is gradiently cooled by the gradient temperature changing mechanism and vibrated.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0026] 1. The laser swing welding device provided by the present application realizes uniform preheating of the protective gas and gradient cooling of the post-welding area through the multi-chamber oil gradient distribution design of the gradient temperature changing mechanism, in combination with the vibration and cavitation effect of the ultrasonic transducer, significantly reduces the welding thermal stress, inhibits the deformation of the weld, and at the same time refines the grain structure, improves the mechanical properties and fatigue strength of the weld.

[0027] 2. The laser swing welding device provided by the present application, through the cooperation of the gas supply mechanism, the gradient temperature changing mechanism and the gas jet preheating mechanism, the protective gas is formed into a directional gas curtain after gradient heating, which not only isolates oxidation but also assists in weld forming, and the residual gas is used for preheating the to-be-welded area after secondary heating, thereby reducing the welding thermal shock, and this synergistic cooperation greatly reduces energy waste and at the same time realizes temperature management of the welding process area.

[0028] 3. The laser swing welding device provided by the present application, through the ultrasonic transducer emitting ultrasonic waves to the oil in the box, the induced vibration makes the oil temperature distribution uniform, avoids local temperature difference, makes the protective gas uniformly absorb heat and efficiently and stably heat, provides stable heat protection for the laser welding head, improves the welding quality, at the same time, the ultrasonic cavitation effect promotes the material exchange between the oil and the gas supply pipe, improves the heat transfer efficiency, shortens the heating time, improves the welding efficiency, reduces the welding defects caused by uneven gas temperature, and after welding, it ensures that the temperature of the oil in each chamber in contact with the weld is uniform during gradient cooling, and the vibration and cavitation effect can also eliminate stress and refine grains, making the weld structure dense and improving the mechanical properties and stability.

[0029] 4. The laser swing welding device, through the cooperation of the eccentric driving disc and the swing frame, drives the laser welding head to swing, the dynamic welding mode makes the laser energy uniformly distributed in the weld area, expands the molten pool range, effectively improves the interface fusion quality of the dissimilar metal plates, avoids the unfused defects, and can adapt to complex weld trajectories. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 The overall structure schematic diagram of the laser swing welding device is provided.

[0031] Figure 2 The structure schematic diagram of the box body in the laser swing welding device is provided.

[0032] Figure 3 The internal structure schematic diagram of the box body in the laser swing welding device is provided.

[0033] Figure 4 The structure schematic diagram of the cover shell in the laser swing welding device is provided.

[0034] Figure 5 The structure schematic diagram of the swing frame in the laser swing welding device is provided.

[0035] Figure 6 The overhead sectional structure schematic diagram of the U-shaped pipe in the laser swing welding device is provided.

[0036] Figure 7 The side sectional structure schematic diagram of the cover shell in the laser swing welding device is provided.

[0037] In the figure:

[0038] 1, support table;

[0039] 2, adjusting mechanism; 21, linear actuator one; 22, linear actuator two; 23, mounting frame; 24, electric push rod; 25, guide rail;

[0040] 3, swing mechanism; 31, driving motor; 32, driving disc; 33, swing frame; 34, driving shaft; 35, mounting plate;

[0041] 4, laser welding head;

[0042] 5, gradient temperature changing mechanism; 51, box body; 52, partition plate; 53, heating rod; 54, ultrasonic transducer;

[0043] 6, cover shell;

[0044] 7, gas supply mechanism; 71, gas supply pipe; 72, ring pipe; 721, spray hole;

[0045] 8. jet preheating mechanism; 81. U-shaped pipe; 811. inclined hole; 82. moving pipe; 821. exhaust hole; 83. spring;

[0046] 9. clamping mechanism; 91. hydraulic cylinder; 92. clamping plate;

[0047] 10. plate body one;

[0048] 11. plate body two;

[0049] 12. rotating ball. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The subject matter described herein will now be discussed with reference to example implementations. It should be understood that the discussion of these implementations is merely meant to provide a better understanding of the subject matter described herein and can be changed in function and arrangement without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Various examples can omit, substitute, or add various procedures or components as appropriate. Also, features described with respect to some examples can be combined in other examples.

[0051] As shown in Figure 1 the laser swing welding device comprises a supporting table 1, an adjusting mechanism 2, a swing mechanism 3, a laser welding head 4, a gradient temperature changing mechanism 5, a cover 6, a gas supply mechanism 7, a jet preheating mechanism 8, and a clamping mechanism 9.

[0052] The adjusting mechanism 2 is arranged on the supporting table 1 and connected with the gradient temperature changing mechanism 5 to change the welding position of the laser welding head 4.

[0053] The supporting table 1 is arranged with a plate body one 10 and a plate body two 11 to be positioned by the clamping mechanism 9, and the plate body one 10 and the plate body two 11 are metal plates made of two different materials.

[0054] The laser welding head 4 is arranged on the cover 6 and driven by the swing mechanism 3 to swing weld the welding position between the plate body one 10 and the plate body two 11.

[0055] The gas supply mechanism 7 is arranged on the gradient temperature changing mechanism 5, and the protective gas supplied by the gas supply mechanism 7 is heated by the gradient temperature changing mechanism 5 to protect the welding of the laser welding head 4, so that the gas is heated twice through the weld to supply the jet preheating mechanism 8 to preheat the welding position, and at the same time, the gradient temperature changing mechanism 5 gradiently cools the welded area.

[0056] It needs to be explained that the adjusting mechanism 2 is connected with the gradient temperature changing mechanism 5, the position of the laser welding head 4 is changed by adjusting the state of the adjusting mechanism 2, the clamping mechanism 9 limits the position of the plate body one 10 and the plate body two 11 to be welded, so that the plate material does not displace in the welding process, the precision and quality of the welding are ensured, the swinging mechanism 3 drives the laser welding head 4 to rotate to realize the swing welding, the welding strength and stability are improved by the welding method, the gas supply mechanism 7 cooperates with the gradient temperature changing mechanism 5, the protective gas is heated and then is delivered to the laser welding head 4, the protective gas can prevent the welding area from reacting with oxygen in the air in the welding process, so that the oxidation is avoided and the welding quality is improved; the gas delivered by the welding seam secondary heating is used as the gas supply of the gas jet preheating mechanism 8, the welding area is preheated, the thermal stress in the welding process is reduced, and the possibility of welding seam deformation is reduced, the gradient temperature changing mechanism 5 performs gradient cooling on the welding area, the cooling speed after welding is controlled, the range of the heat affected zone is reduced, the welding stress is reduced, and the quality and performance of the welding seam are improved.

[0057] As shown in Figure 2 , the adjusting mechanism 2 comprises a linear actuator one 21, a linear actuator two 22, a mounting frame 23 and an electric push rod 24, the linear actuator one 21 is assembled on the support table 1, the output end of the linear actuator one 21 is connected with the mounting frame 23, the linear actuator two 22 is assembled on the mounting frame 23, the electric push rod 24 is installed at the output end of the linear actuator two 22 and is connected with the gradient temperature changing mechanism 5, the support table 1 is provided with a guide rail 25 for guiding the mounting frame 23, specifically, the linear actuator one 21 and the linear actuator two 22 are one of a rodless cylinder or a screw sliding table module.

[0058] The linear actuator one 21 is installed on the support table 1, which can push the mounting frame 23 to move along the direction of the guide rail 25 when working, so as to realize the position adjustment of the laser welding head 4 in a larger range, such as moving along the length direction of the support table 1, the linear actuator two 22 is installed on the mounting frame 23, which can further finely adjust the position of the laser welding head 4, and the position is adjusted in the direction perpendicular to the movement direction of the linear actuator one 21, so that the two can realize the positioning in a two-dimensional plane, the electric push rod 24 is connected with the gradient temperature changing mechanism 5, which can adjust the height of the laser welding head 4 after the position is adjusted by the linear actuator one 21 and the linear actuator two 22, so as to ensure that the laser welding head 4 keeps a proper distance from the welding position, the guide rail 25 provides a guiding action for the mounting frame 23, so as to ensure the stability and accuracy of the mounting frame 23 in the moving process and avoid deviation.

[0059] As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the swing mechanism 3 includes a drive motor 31, a drive disc 32, a swing frame 33, a driving shaft 34 and a mounting plate 35, the drive motor 31 is assembled on the housing 6 through the mounting plate 35, the drive shaft of the drive motor 31 is fixedly sleeved with the drive disc 32, the driving shaft 34 is eccentrically arranged on the drive disc 32 and extends into the swing frame 33, and one end of the swing frame 33 is fixedly connected with the laser welding head 4.

[0060] The drive motor 31 is fixed on the housing 6 through the mounting plate 35, and the drive shaft of the drive motor 31 drives the drive disc 32 to rotate after being started, the driving shaft 34 is eccentrically arranged on the drive disc 32, when the drive disc 32 rotates, the driving shaft 34 performs eccentric circular motion, the driving shaft 34 extends into the swing frame 33, and the eccentric motion of the driving shaft 34 causes the swing frame 33 to swing, since the swing frame 33 is fixedly connected with the laser welding head 4, the laser welding head 4 is further swung, so that the laser welding head 4 swings in the fan-shaped area, the energy distribution uniformity of the welding area is increased, the welding quality and stability are improved, and the welding seam is more firm and beautiful.

[0061] As shown in the figure, Figure 3 The gradient temperature changing mechanism 5 includes a box body 51 and a partition plate 52, the box body 51 is fixedly connected with the output end of the electric push rod 24, the inside of the box body 51 is divided into multiple chambers through the partition plate 52, a heating rod 53 is arranged in each chamber, and the chambers contain oil liquid, the temperature of the oil liquid presents a gradient distribution gradually decreasing from the side close to the housing 6 to the side far away from the housing 6, a temperature sensor is arranged in each chamber, and the heating rod 53 and the temperature sensor are connected with a controller, the controller controls the opening or closing of the heating rod 53 according to the temperature data detected by the temperature sensor.

[0062] It should be noted that the box body 51 is connected with the electric push rod 24 and can adjust the position along with the movement of the electric push rod 24, the partition plate 52 divides the inside of the box body 51 into multiple chambers, the heating rods 53 in each chamber work independently, the oil liquid in different chambers reaches different temperatures by controlling the power and working time of the heating rods 53, so that the temperature gradient distribution is formed, that is, the temperature is high on the side close to the housing 6 and the temperature is low on the side far away from the housing 6, when the protective gas flows in the chambers through the gas supply pipe 71, the protective gas is heated by absorbing the heat of the oil liquid, and when the gradient cooling is performed on the area after butt welding, the temperature is gradually decreased according to the different positions of the welding seam, the thermal stress is effectively reduced, and the quality and performance of the welding seam are improved.

[0063] As shown in the figure, Figure 2 The box body 51 is assembled with an ultrasonic transducer 54, and the acting end of the ultrasonic transducer 54 extends into the inside of the box body 51.

[0064] When the ultrasonic transducer 54 works, it emits ultrasonic waves to the oil liquid in the box body 51. When the ultrasonic waves propagate in the oil liquid, they will cause the vibration and cavitation of the oil liquid. The vibration can make the temperature distribution of the oil liquid more uniform, avoiding the local overheating or overcooling, and ensuring that the protective gas can be uniformly heated during the heating process. The cavitation can promote the mass exchange between the oil liquid and the surface of the gas supply pipe 71, improve the heat transfer efficiency, and make the protective gas be heated faster and more uniformly. In addition, when the gradient cooling is performed on the welded area, it is beneficial to ensure the uniformity of the temperature of the corresponding chamber when the oil liquid in each chamber contacts the weld. The effect of the ultrasonic waves helps to eliminate the welding stress and refine the grains.

[0065] As shown in Figure 6 , the gas preheating mechanism 8 includes a U-shaped pipe 81 which is in communication with the cover 6. The U-shaped pipe 81 is provided with an inclined hole 811 to blow gas to the area to be welded.

[0066] The gas heated by the gas supply mechanism 7 through the gradient temperature changing mechanism 5 enters the U-shaped pipe 81 which is in communication with the cover 6 to ensure that the gas can be smoothly delivered. The setting of the inclined hole 811 makes the blown gas concentratedly sprayed to the area to be welded, so that the gas can more uniformly cover the area to be welded, improving the preheating effect. The preheating can reduce the thermal stress during welding and reduce the possibility of weld deformation.

[0067] Further, the U-shaped pipe 81 is slidably connected with a moving pipe 82. One end of the moving pipe 82 is closed, and the other end is connected with the inner wall of the U-shaped pipe 81 through a spring 83. The moving pipe 82 is provided with an exhaust hole 821.

[0068] Through the sliding arrangement of the moving pipe 82 and the U-shaped pipe 81, when the moving pipe 82 is blocked, the U-shaped pipe 81 can continue to move.

[0069] As shown in Figure 2 , the clamping mechanism 9 includes a hydraulic cylinder 91 and a clamping plate 92. The hydraulic cylinder 91 is assembled on the support table 1, and the driving end of the hydraulic cylinder 91 is fixedly connected with the clamping plate 92.

[0070] The hydraulic cylinder 91 is installed on the support table 1. After being started, the driving end of the hydraulic cylinder 91 pushes the clamping plate 92 to move. Under the action of the hydraulic cylinder 91, the clamping plate 92 presses the plate body one 10 and the plate body two 11 against each other, so as to facilitate the welding of the welded part.

[0071] As shown in Figures 2 to 4 and Figure 7As shown, the gas supply mechanism 7 includes a gas supply pipe 71 and a ring pipe 72, the gas supply pipe 71 is arranged in the cavity in a meandering manner, and the exhaust end thereof is communicated with the ring pipe 72, the ring pipe 72 is installed in the inside of the shell 6, the laser welding head 4 passes through the ring pipe 72, and the bottom of the ring pipe 72 is provided with a spray hole 721, the laser welding head 4 is fixedly sleeved with the rotating ball 12, the rotating ball 12 is rotatably sleeved with the shell 6, and the laser welding head 4 passes through the ring pipe 72.

[0072] The gas supply pipe 71 is arranged in the cavity of the gradient temperature changing mechanism 5 in a meandering manner, the contact area and the contact time with the oil can be increased, the protective gas can be fully absorbed by the heat of the oil, high-efficiency heating can be realized, the heated gas enters the ring pipe 72, the ring pipe 72 is installed in the shell 6 and the laser welding head 4 passes through the ring pipe 72, the spray hole 721 in the bottom of the ring pipe 72 can uniformly spray the heated protective gas around the welding area of the laser welding head 4, a protective barrier is formed, the oxidation of the welding area is reduced, and the welding quality is improved.

[0073] A laser swing welding method, which adopts the laser swing welding device, comprises the following steps:

[0074] Step one, clamping:

[0075] The plate body one 10 and the plate body two 11 are placed on the support table 1, and the clamping mechanism 9 clamps the plate body one 10 and the plate body two 11;

[0076] Step two, welding:

[0077] The adjusting mechanism 2 changes the welding position of the laser welding head 4 in the length direction of the weld, the swing mechanism 3 drives the laser welding head 4 to swing and weld, the protective gas is introduced into the gas supply end of the gas supply mechanism 7 at the same time of welding, the protective gas is heated by the gradient temperature changing mechanism 5, is protected in the shell 6, is heated at the same time, and is preheated by the jet preheating mechanism 8 acting on the to-be-welded area;

[0078] Step three, weld cooling after welding:

[0079] The weld after welding is cooled by the gradient temperature changing mechanism 5 and vibrated while the adjusting mechanism 2 continuously adjusts the laser welding head 4.

[0080] Working principle:

[0081] Preparation stage: the plate body one 10 and the plate body two 11 to be welded are placed on the support table 1, the hydraulic cylinder 91 is started, the driving end of the hydraulic cylinder 91 pushes the clamping plate 92 to move, the plate body one 10 and the plate body two 11 are pressed tightly, and it is ensured that the plate material does not displace in the welding process.

[0082] Welding position adjustment: according to the welding requirements of the plate body one 10 and the plate body two 11, the adjusting mechanism 2 is started, the linear actuator one 21 pushes the mounting frame 23 to move along the guide rail 25 on the support table 1, the laser welding head 4 is moved along the length direction of the support table 1, the linear actuator two 22 further fine tunes on the mounting frame 23, adjusts in the direction perpendicular to the movement of the linear actuator one 21, the electric push rod 24 is connected with the gradient temperature adjusting mechanism 5, after the linear actuator one 21 and the linear actuator two 22 are adjusted to the positions, the height of the laser welding head 4 is accurately adjusted, and the distance between the laser welding head 4 and the welding position is ensured to be appropriate.

[0083] Swing welding and gas protection and preheating: the driving motor 31 is started, the driving shaft of the driving motor 31 drives the driving disc 32 to rotate, the driving shaft 34 eccentrically arranged on the driving disc 32 makes eccentric circular motion, the driving shaft 34 extends into the swing frame 33, the swing frame 33 swings, and then the laser welding head 4 fixedly connected with the swing frame 33 swings, swing welding between the plate body one 10 and the plate body two 11 is realized, the energy distribution uniformity of the welding area is increased, simultaneously, the gas supply pipe 71 of the gas supply mechanism 7 supplies the protection gas, the protection gas meanders in the cavity of the gradient temperature adjusting mechanism 5, the oil is vibrated and acts on the plate body one 10 and the plate body two 11 along with the start of the ultrasonic transducer 54, the oil is heated by absorbing heat, the heated gas enters the annular pipe 72, is sprayed out from the spray hole 721 at the bottom of the annular pipe 72, a protection barrier is formed around the welding area of the laser welding head 4, the oxidation of the welding area is reduced, and the gas heated through the welding seam enters the U-shaped pipe 81 of the gas jet preheating mechanism 8, is sprayed to the welding area for preheating from the inclined hole 811 of the U-shaped pipe 81, and the phenomenon that deformation is caused by direct welding in the prior art is avoided.

[0084] Welding post-processing: under the continuous adjustment of the adjusting mechanism 2, the laser welding head 4 is gradually welded and moved, the gradient temperature adjusting mechanism 5 performs gradient cooling on the post-welding area, the oil temperature in different cavities of the box body 51 is gradiently distributed, the temperature near the cover 6 is high, and the temperature far from the cover 6 is low, the welding seam is gradually cooled along with the movement of the box body 51, simultaneously, the ultrasonic transducer 54 emits ultrasonic waves to the oil in the box body 51, and the vibration and cavitation effect of the ultrasonic waves help to eliminate welding stress, refine grains and improve the welding seam quality.

[0085] The embodiments of the present application are described above, but the embodiments are not limited to the specific implementation described above, the specific implementation described above is only illustrative but not restrictive, and many forms can be made by those skilled in the art under the inspiration of the embodiments, and all the forms belong to the protection of the embodiments.

Claims

1. A laser oscillating welding device, characterized in that: It comprises a support platform (1), an adjustment mechanism (2), a swing mechanism (3), a laser welding head (4), a gradient temperature change mechanism (5), a cover (6), an air supply mechanism (7), an air jet preheating mechanism (8) and a clamping mechanism (9); The adjustment mechanism (2) is arranged on the support platform (1) and is connected to the gradient temperature change mechanism (5) to change the welding position of the laser welding head (4); The support platform (1) is provided with a plate body 1 (10) and a plate body 2 (11) to be limited by a clamping mechanism (9); The laser welding head (4) is rotatably mounted on the cover (6) and driven by the swing mechanism (3) to swing weld the weld between the first plate (10) and the second plate (11); The gas supply mechanism (7) is arranged on the gradient temperature change mechanism (5). The protective gas introduced by the gas supply mechanism (7) is heated by the gradient temperature change mechanism (5) and plays a protective role during the laser welding head (4) welding, so that the gas is heated again by the weld seam and supplies gas to the jet preheating mechanism (8) to preheat the welded area. At the same time, the gradient temperature change mechanism (5) gradiently cools the area after welding. The regulating mechanism (2) comprises a linear actuator 1 (21), a linear actuator 2 (22), a mounting frame (23) and an electric push rod (24); the linear actuator 1 (21) is mounted on the support platform (1), and the output end of the linear actuator 1 (21) is connected to the mounting frame (23); the linear actuator 2 (22) is mounted on the mounting frame (23); the electric push rod (24) is mounted at the output end of the linear actuator 2 (22) and is connected to the gradient temperature changing mechanism (5); the support platform (1) is equipped with a guide rail (25) for guiding the mounting frame (23); The gradient temperature changing mechanism (5) comprises a box body (51) and a partition plate (52), wherein the box body (51) is fixedly connected to the output end of the electric push rod (24), and the interior of the box body (51) is divided into a plurality of chambers by the partition plate (52), wherein heating rods (53) are installed in each of the chambers, and oil is contained in the chambers, and the temperature of the oil presents a gradient distribution that gradually decreases from the side close to the cover (6) to the side away from the cover (6); The box body (51) is equipped with an ultrasonic transducer (54), and the active end of the ultrasonic transducer (54) extends into the interior of the box body (51); The air jet preheating mechanism (8) comprises a U-shaped tube (81), the U-shaped tube (81) is in communication with the cover (6), and an inclined hole (811) is provided on the U-shaped tube (81) for blowing air toward the area to be welded; The air supply mechanism (7) comprises an air supply pipe (71) and an annular pipe (72). The air supply pipe (71) is arranged in a circuitous manner in the chamber, and its exhaust end is connected to the annular pipe (72). The annular pipe (72) is installed inside the cover (6). The laser welding head (4) passes through the annular pipe (72). A spray hole (721) is provided at the bottom of the annular pipe (72).

2. A laser oscillation welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The swing mechanism (3) includes a drive motor (31), a drive disk (32), a swing frame (33), a drive shaft (34) and a mounting plate (35). The drive motor (31) is mounted on the housing (6) via the mounting plate (35). The drive shaft of the drive motor (31) is fixedly sleeved with the drive disk (32). The drive shaft (34) is eccentrically rotatably arranged on the drive disk (32) and extends into the swing frame (33). One end of the swing frame (33) is fixedly connected to the laser welding head (4).

3. The laser oscillation welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The U-shaped tube (81) is slidably connected to a movable tube (82), one end of the movable tube (82) is closed, and the other end is connected to the inner wall of the U-shaped tube (81) via a spring (83), and an exhaust hole (821) is provided on the movable tube (82).

4. The laser oscillation welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism (9) comprises a hydraulic cylinder (91) and a clamping plate (92); the hydraulic cylinder (91) is assembled on the support platform (1), and the driving end of the hydraulic cylinder (91) is fixedly connected to the clamping plate (92).

5. A laser oscillation welding method, using a laser oscillation welding device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Limit clamping: Placing the plate body 1 (10) and the plate body 2 (11) on the support platform (1), and clamping the plate body 1 (10) and the plate body 2 (11) with the clamping mechanism (9); Step 2: Welding: The regulating mechanism (2) changes the welding position of the laser welding head (4) in the longitudinal direction of the weld, and the swing mechanism (3) drives the laser welding head (4) to swing and weld. During welding, a protective gas is introduced from the gas supply end of the gas supply mechanism (7). The protective gas is heated by the gradient temperature changing mechanism (5) and enters the housing (6) to protect the weld. At the same time, the protective gas is heated and preheated by the jet preheating mechanism (8) on the area to be welded. Step 3: Cooling down the weld after welding: As the regulating mechanism (2) regulates the laser welding head (4) to continue welding, the weld seam after welding is subjected to gradient cooling by the gradient temperature changing mechanism (5) and is vibrated.

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