Jet-airbag combined submarine ice-breaking device and method

Abstract

The invention provides a jet-airbag combined submarine floating ice breaking device and method, and belongs to the field of ship equipment. The problem of low ice breaking efficiency caused by the fact that the prior art still needs to rely on more effective methods to achieve ice breaking when facing thicker ice layers is solved. It comprises a submarine main body and a bridge, the bridge is installed on the submarine main body, a retractable jet device is installed in the bridge, a gas storage cabin is installed in the submarine main body, left and right front retractable airbags are symmetrically installed on the front side of the submarine main body, left and right rear retractable airbags are symmetrically installed on the rear side of the submarine main body, and the left front retractable airbag, the right front retractable airbag, the left rear retractable airbag, the right rear retractable airbag and the retractable jet device are connected with the gas storage cabin through a gas transmission pipeline. It is mainly used for assisting ice breaking when the submarine floats.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of ship equipment, in particular to a jet-airbag combined submarine ice-breaking and surfacing device and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the global climate change and the gradual melting of Arctic sea ice, the economic interest competition and geopolitical game in the Arctic region are becoming increasingly fierce, especially in terms of resource exploitation and channel competition. The strategic position of the Arctic will become increasingly prominent. As the ice layer gradually thins and the sea ice melts rapidly, the snow cover ring is rapidly shrinking. This change in the natural environment also creates more favorable conditions for submarine ice-breaking and surfacing.

[0003] The process of submarine ice-breaking and surfacing is significantly different from the collision type ice-breaking principle of icebreakers. Icebreakers break ice by colliding with the ice layer and relying on their own gravity to crack the ice layer, while submarines break ice vertically from below the ice layer. This process requires special design and operation skills for the submarine. First of all, the submarine must determine the appropriate ice-breaking location before surfacing to break ice. Generally, the submarine will choose a location with thinner ice or existing cracks to break ice, taking advantage of natural cracks to reduce the difficulty of ice-breaking. In this process, the submarine will identify the thickness and cracks of the ice layer through radar or satellite remote sensing technology to select the best surfacing location.

[0004] When the submarine is ready to break ice, it first needs to retract protruding parts such as radar masts and periscopes to avoid structural damage when impacting the ice layer. Then, the submarine gradually rises by increasing buoyancy. The submarine usually expels water from the ballast tank by compressing air to increase buoyancy, allowing the submarine to move upward. As the submarine rises, the buoyancy increases until the submarine can crack the ice layer with sufficient force.

[0005] When encountering thicker ice layers, the submarine must slowly and steadily rise to avoid damage to the structure caused by rapid ascent. During the surfacing process, the submarine controls the buoyancy and ascent speed to ensure that the ice layer is gradually cracked. Through this process, the submarine eventually breaks through the ice layer and successfully surfaces. To ensure the smooth progress of the ice-breaking process, the submarine usually reinforces key parts, including the command tower enclosure and tail rudder structures, which must be able to withstand the tremendous pressure from the ice layer. At the same time, the submarine's hull is usually specially designed to enhance its pressure resistance and ice impact resistance to cope with the pressure of the ice layer and the impact force when the submarine breaks ice.

[0006] Although some countries have accumulated rich experience in submarine ice-breaking and surfacing technology, there are still challenges in different ice layer conditions, ice-breaking efficiency, and safety. Breaking thicker ice layers still requires more effective methods to achieve ice-breaking. SUMMARY

[0007] Therefore, the present application aims to provide a jet-airbag combined submarine floating ice breaking device and method to solve the problem of low ice breaking efficiency caused by the need for more effective methods to break ice when facing thicker ice layers in the prior art.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] A jet-airbag combined submarine floating ice breaking device comprises a submarine main body and a bridge, the bridge is installed on the submarine main body, a retractable jet device is installed in the bridge, a gas storage cabin is installed in the submarine main body, left and right front retractable airbags are symmetrically installed on the front side of the submarine main body, and left and right rear retractable airbags are symmetrically installed on the rear side of the submarine main body.

[0010] Further, the left and right front retractable airbags, the left and right rear retractable airbags, and the retractable jet device are connected with the gas storage cabin through gas transmission pipelines.

[0011] Further, the gas storage cabin is filled with nitrogen.

[0012] Further, the gas transmission pipelines between the left and right front retractable airbags, the left and right rear retractable airbags, and the gas storage cabin are all provided with control valves.

[0013] Further, the left and right front retractable airbags, the left and right rear retractable airbags, and the retractable jet device are connected through gas transmission pipelines, and each gas transmission pipeline is provided with a control valve.

[0014] A method for a jet-airbag combined submarine floating ice breaking device comprises the following steps:

[0015] Step 1: When the submarine is ready to float and break ice, first adjust the submarine to be in a horizontal state;

[0016] Step 2: When the submarine approaches the ice layer, the retractable jet device extends the jet pipe and sprays nitrogen from the gas storage cabin, and the gas spraying continues until a gas cavity is formed above the submarine and below the ice layer;

[0017] Step 3: After the formation of a certain volume of gas cavity, the retractable jet device stops spraying, the retractable jet device is retracted, the retractable airbags are released, and the left and right front retractable airbags, the left and right rear retractable airbags are inflated from the gas storage cabin, and during the inflation process, the submarine contacts the ice layer to break the ice;

[0018] Step 4: after the ice layer is broken, the left front side inflatable air bag, the right front side inflatable air bag, the left rear side inflatable air bag and the right rear side inflatable air bag are controlled to exhaust, and the inflatable air jet device is re-deployed, so that the gas in the air bag is discharged into the air through the transmission gas pipeline by the inflatable air jet device, and then the inflatable air bag is retracted into the inside of the boat body to restore the initial state.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. The present application provides additional buoyancy for the submarine during the ice-breaking process by the inflatable air bag, and reduces the ice-breaking resistance during the ice-breaking process by changing the stress structure of the ice layer through the air cavity generated by the air jet device above the submarine, thereby facilitating the ice-breaking of the submarine.

[0021] 2. The present application forms an air cavity below the ice layer before the submarine breaks the ice, which changes the stress structure of the ice layer from a continuous beam type to a cantilever beam type, so that the ice layer is more likely to form a ring-shaped cold crack and a longitudinal crack under the load applied by the boat body, resulting in the next step of breaking the ice layer.

[0022] 3. The present application can quickly increase the buoyancy of the submarine by arranging inflatable air bags at four positions of the submarine body to achieve the purpose of providing additional buoyancy for ice-breaking, and the air bags can be retracted into the inside of the boat body during normal driving, without affecting the normal navigation of the submarine.

[0023] 4. The present application can also adjust the attitude of the submarine during the ice-breaking process by adjusting the air intake of the air bag, to ensure the stable progress of the ice-breaking process of the submarine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] The accompanying drawings, which form a part of the present application, are used to provide a further understanding of the present application, and the illustrative embodiments of the present application and their description serve to explain the present application, and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present application. In the drawings:

[0025] Fig. 1 It is a front view of a jet-air bag combined submarine ice-breaking device according to the present application.

[0026] Fig. 2 It is a side view of a jet-air bag combined submarine ice-breaking device according to the present application.

[0027] Fig. 3 It is a top view of a jet-air bag combined submarine ice-breaking device according to the present application.

[0028] In the drawings:

[0029] 1-submarine body, 2-bridge, 3-retractable jet device, 4-gas storage cabin, 5-gas transmission pipeline, 6-left front retractable airbag, 7-right front retractable airbag, 8-left rear retractable airbag, 9-right rear retractable airbag. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict, and the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments.

[0031] DETAILED DESCRIPTION 1: see Figs. 1-3 In this embodiment, a jet-airbag combined submarine ice-breaking device is described, which comprises a submarine body 1 and a bridge 2, the bridge 2 is installed on the submarine body 1, a retractable jet device 3 is installed in the bridge 2, a gas storage cabin 4 is installed in the submarine body 1, a left front retractable airbag 6 and a right front retractable airbag 7 are symmetrically installed on the front side of the submarine body 1, and a left rear retractable airbag 8 and a right rear retractable airbag 9 are symmetrically installed on the rear side of the submarine body 1.

[0032] In this embodiment, the left front retractable airbag 6, the right front retractable airbag 7, the left rear retractable airbag 8, the right rear retractable airbag 9 and the retractable jet device 3 are all connected with the gas storage cabin 4 through the gas transmission pipeline 5.

[0033] In this embodiment, the gas storage cabin 4 is filled with nitrogen.

[0034] In this embodiment, the gas transmission pipeline 5 between the left front retractable airbag 6, the right front retractable airbag 7, the left rear retractable airbag 8, the right rear retractable airbag 9 and the gas storage cabin 4 is all installed with a control valve, by adjusting the air intake of the airbag, the submarine body attitude during the submarine ice-breaking process can also be adjusted, to ensure the stable progress of the submarine ice-breaking process.

[0035] In this embodiment, the left front retractable airbag 6, the right front retractable airbag 7, the left rear retractable airbag 8, the right rear retractable airbag 9 and the retractable jet device 3 are all connected through the gas transmission pipeline 5, and each gas transmission pipeline 5 is installed with a control valve, to ensure that the gas in the airbag after ice breaking can be discharged through the retractable jet device 3.

[0036] When the submarine is ready to break the ice, first adjust the submarine to be in a horizontal state, when the submarine approaches the ice layer, the retractable air jet device 3 extends the air jet pipe, sprays nitrogen gas from the gas storage chamber, and continues to spray gas until a gas cavity is formed above the submarine and below the ice layer. Losing the support of the water surface below will make the support structure of the ice layer change from a continuous beam type to a cantilever beam type, making the ice layer more prone to bending and breaking after receiving a vertical external force, facilitating the submarine to break the ice and float up. At this time, the retractable air bag is not released, the retractable air jet device 3 stops spraying after a certain volume of gas cavity is formed, and the air jet pipe is retracted into the bridge 2. The retractable air bag is inflated from the gas storage chamber 4 to the left front retractable air bag 6, the right front retractable air bag 7, the left rear retractable air bag 8, and the right rear retractable air bag 9. During the inflation process, the submarine contacts the ice layer to break the ice. After the ice layer breaks, the left front retractable air bag 6, the right front retractable air bag 7, the left rear retractable air bag 8, and the right rear retractable air bag 9 are controlled to exhaust, and the retractable air jet device 3 is unfolded again. The gas in the air bag is discharged into the air by the retractable air jet device through the gas transmission pipeline, and then the retractable air bag is retracted into the body of the submarine to restore the initial state.

[0037] The submarine provides additional buoyancy during the ice-breaking process by ejecting the air bag and changing the stress structure of the ice layer by forming a gas cavity above the submarine with the air jet device, thereby facilitating the submarine to break the ice and float up. The stress structure of the ice layer is changed from a continuous beam type to a cantilever beam type by the air jet device, which can form a gas cavity below the ice layer before the submarine breaks the ice, making the ice layer more prone to form ring-shaped cold cracks and longitudinal cracks under the load applied by the submarine body, causing the ice layer to break in the next step. The retractable air bag arranged at four positions on the submarine body can quickly increase the buoyancy of the submarine to achieve the purpose of providing additional buoyancy for ice breaking, and the air bag can be retracted into the submarine body during normal operation without affecting the normal navigation of the submarine.

[0038] Specific implementation method 2: see Figs. 1-3 This embodiment describes a method for a submarine to break ice by using a jet-air bag combined ice-breaking device, which includes the following steps:

[0039] Step 1: When the submarine is ready to break the ice, first adjust the submarine to be in a horizontal state;

[0040] Step 2: When the submarine approaches the ice layer, the retractable air jet device 3 extends the air jet pipe, sprays nitrogen gas from the gas storage chamber 4, and continues to spray gas until a gas cavity is formed above the submarine and below the ice layer;

[0041] Step 3: After the formation of a certain volume of air cavity, the collapsible air jet device 3 stops jetting, the collapsible air jet device 3 is retracted, the collapsible air bags are released, and the left front collapsible air bag 6, the right front collapsible air bag 7, the left rear collapsible air bag 8 and the right rear collapsible air bag 9 are inflated respectively by the gas storage chamber 4, and during the inflation process, the submarine contacts the ice layer to break the ice;

[0042] Step 4: After the ice layer is broken, the left front collapsible air bag 6, the right front collapsible air bag 7, the left rear collapsible air bag 8 and the right rear collapsible air bag 9 are controlled to exhaust, and the collapsible air jet device 3 is re-deployed, so that the gas in the air bag is discharged into the air by the collapsible air jet device 3 through the transmission gas pipeline 5, then the collapsible air bag is retracted into the body of the submarine, and the initial state is restored.

[0043] The above disclosed embodiments of the present application are only used to help explain the present application. The embodiments do not describe all the details, nor limit the application to the specific embodiments described. According to the content of the specification, many modifications and changes can be made. The specification selects and describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present application, so that those skilled in the art can well understand and utilize the present application.

Claims

1. A jet-airbag combined submarine surfacing and icebreaking device, comprising a submarine body (1) and a bridge (2), wherein the bridge (2) is mounted on the submarine body (1), characterized in that: The bridge (2) is equipped with a retractable jet device (3), the submarine body (1) is equipped with an air storage compartment (4), the front of the submarine body (1) is symmetrically equipped with a left front retractable airbag (6) and a right front retractable airbag (7), the rear of the submarine body (1) is symmetrically equipped with a left rear retractable airbag (8) and a right rear retractable airbag (9), the left front retractable airbag (6), the right front retractable airbag (7), the left rear retractable airbag (8), and the right rear retractable airbag (9) are symmetrically equipped with a left rear retractable airbag (6 ...). The retractable airbag (9) and the retractable jet device (3) are both connected to the air storage chamber (4) through the gas transmission pipe (5). The left front retractable airbag (6), the right front retractable airbag (7), the left rear retractable airbag (8) and the right rear retractable airbag (9) are all connected to the retractable jet device (3) through the gas transmission pipe (5). Each gas transmission pipe (5) is equipped with a control valve so that the gas in the airbag is discharged into the air through the gas transmission pipe (5) and the retractable jet device (3).

2. The jet-airbag combined submarine surfacing and icebreaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas storage chamber (4) is filled with nitrogen.

3. The jet-airbag combined submarine surfacing and icebreaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Control valves are installed in the gas transmission pipes (5) between the left front retractable airbag (6), the right front retractable airbag (7), the left rear retractable airbag (8), and the right rear retractable airbag (9) and the gas storage chamber (4).

4. A method for a jet-airbag combined submarine surfacing and icebreaking device as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: Step 1: When the submarine is ready to surface and break through the ice, first adjust the submarine to a horizontal position; Step 2: When the submarine approaches the ice layer, the jet device (3) can be retracted to extend the jet pipe and spray nitrogen gas from the gas storage compartment (4). The gas is continuously sprayed until a gas cavity is formed between the top of the submarine and the bottom of the ice layer. Step 3: After forming a certain volume air cavity, the retractable jet device (3) stops jetting, retracts the retractable jet device (3), releases the retractable airbag, and inflates the left front retractable airbag (6), right front retractable airbag (7), left rear retractable airbag (8) and right rear retractable airbag (9) respectively from the air storage chamber (4). During the inflation process, the submarine contacts the ice layer to break the ice. Step 4: After the ice layer breaks, control the left front retractable airbag (6), right front retractable airbag (7), left rear retractable airbag (8) and right rear retractable airbag (9) to exhaust gas, and re-deploy the retractable jet device (3) so that the gas in the airbag is discharged into the air through the gas transmission pipe (5) and the retractable jet device (3). Then, retract the retractable airbag into the hull and restore the initial state.

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