An oil extraction apparatus for preventing blowouts

Abstract

The application discloses a blowout-preventing oil exploitation equipment and relates to the technical field of oil exploitation equipment. The blowout-preventing oil exploitation equipment comprises a bottom plate body, an anti-oil-overflow assembly movably connected to the top of the bottom plate body, a limiting assembly arranged at the inner upper end of the anti-oil-overflow assembly, and a filtering assembly arranged outside the anti-oil-overflow assembly. The anti-oil-overflow assembly comprises a protective cover movably connected to the top of the bottom plate body. When the sealing piston compresses the buffer spring to move upward until the buffer spring is compressed to the limit, the limiting rod is inserted into the limiting insertion hole on the upper annular fixing box, the limiting of the upper annular fixing box and the sealing piston is completed, the buffer spring is locked, the downward thrust of the buffer spring on the sealing piston is prevented, the downward extrusion force of the oil in the inner shell is prevented, the oil well pressure relief is facilitated, and a part of the oil is prevented from being extruded from the bottom of the protective cover and the bottom plate body, so that the resource waste is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oil extraction equipment technology, specifically to an oil extraction equipment designed to prevent blowouts. Background Technology

[0002] A blowout is a phenomenon in which formation fluids (oil, gas, and water) flow uncontrollably and continuously into a well, gushing to the surface or invading other low-pressure formations. Blowouts are serious accidents in oil extraction operations. The ejected oil not only pollutes the surrounding soil and water bodies, but if it encounters a spark, it can also burn over a large area and is difficult to extinguish in a short time, seriously threatening the personal safety of workers and local residents and causing a waste of resources.

[0003] An existing patent (publication number: CN115324537A) discloses an oil well blowout prevention device. This device uses a sealed piston to compress a buffer spring, causing it to move upwards. Crude oil ejected from the well flows through a through-hole into an oil storage tank between the protective cover and the inner shell for storage, allowing for secondary depressurization of the well. A filter screen is fixedly connected between the top of the inner shell surface and the top of the inner wall of the protective cover. This filter screen filters out overflowing oil, and the protective cover facilitates cleaning impurities from the filter screen. The remaining oil can be used to activate the pumping unit, allowing oil to be extracted from inside the drill pipe through the pumping pipe and inlet port, preventing oil from overflowing outside the protective cover.

[0004] However, the above-mentioned technical solutions still have certain defects. When the oil well blows out, the sealing piston compresses the buffer spring and moves upward. If the sealing piston compresses the buffer spring until it can no longer be compressed, the buffer spring not only cannot provide subsequent buffering force, but also exerts a downward thrust on the sealing piston. This causes some of the oil in the inner shell to be squeezed out from the bottom of the protective cover, or even spread out from the four sides of the bottom plate, resulting in oil spillage and waste of resources. At the same time, when the oil well blows out, the oil is easily mixed with mud. If the filter screen connecting the inner shell and the inner wall of the protective cover in the above-mentioned device cannot effectively remove the impurities during filtration, they will adhere to the surface of the filter screen, which will hinder the oil well depressurization and further lead to secondary accidents. Therefore, a blowout-proof oil extraction device is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide a blowout-proof oil extraction device to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background above.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an oil extraction equipment for preventing blowout, comprising a base plate body, an oil spill prevention component movably connected to the top of the base plate body, a limiting component provided at the upper end of the oil spill prevention component, and a filter component provided on the outer side of the oil spill prevention component;

[0007] The oil spill prevention assembly includes a protective cover movably connected to the top of the base plate body, an inner shell fixedly provided in the inner cavity of the protective cover, a lower annular fixing plate fixedly connected between the inner wall of the protective cover and the bottom of the outer side of the inner shell, a sealing seat fixedly connected to the top of the protective cover, a sealing piston movably connected to the inner wall of the inner shell, a rotating rod movably connected inside the sealing piston, and a first through hole opened on all four sides of the upper end of the inner shell.

[0008] The limiting assembly includes a lower annular fixing box fixedly connected to the bottom of the sealing piston. A first annular moving plate is movably connected inside the lower annular fixing box. An upper annular fixing box is fixedly connected to the top of the sealing piston. Four sets of connecting posts are fixedly connected to one side of the first annular moving plate, and the tops of the four sets of connecting posts extend through into the upper annular fixing box and are fixedly connected to a second annular moving plate. Corresponding limiting insertion holes are provided on the four sides of the top of the upper annular fixing box and the top of the inner shell. Push blocks are fixedly connected to the four edges of the top of the upper annular fixing box. An upper annular fixing plate is fixedly connected between the upper surface of the inner shell and the upper end of the inner wall of the protective cover. A first piston cylinder is fixedly connected to the four sides of the inner wall of the protective cover above the upper annular fixing plate. A first piston is movably connected inside the first piston cylinder. A fixing rod is fixedly connected to the center of one side of the first piston. The fixing rod extends through to the outside of the first piston cylinder and is fixed. A trapezoidal block is connected to the inner shell. The top of the inner shell has four through slots that match the trapezoidal block. A first connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom outer side of the first piston cylinder. A second piston cylinder is fixedly connected to the other end of the first connecting pipe. The second piston cylinder is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the upper annular fixing plate through a fixing seat. A second piston is movably connected inside the second piston cylinder. A second connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the lower outer side of the second piston cylinder. A third piston cylinder is fixedly connected to the other end of the second connecting pipe. A third piston is movably connected inside the third piston cylinder. A limiting rod that matches the limiting insertion hole is fixedly connected to the center of one side of the third piston. A third connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom outer side of the third piston cylinder. An oil tank is fixedly connected to the other end of the third connecting pipe. A fourth connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom side of the oil tank. The other end of the fourth connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first piston cylinder.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the blowout prevention oil extraction equipment of the present invention, a buffer spring is fixedly connected between the bottom of the inner wall of the protective cover and the top of the upper annular fixed box, and the buffer spring is sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating rod. A first spring is fixedly connected between one side of the first annular moving plate and the top of the inner cavity of the lower annular fixed box. The elastic coefficient of the buffer spring is much greater than that of the first spring.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the blowout prevention oil extraction equipment of the present invention, a second spring is fixedly connected between the top of the first piston cylinder and the trapezoidal block, and the second spring is sleeved on the outside of the fixed rod. A third spring is fixedly connected between the bottom of the inner cavity of the second piston cylinder and the second piston, and the elastic coefficient of the second spring is greater than that of the third spring.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the blowout prevention oil extraction equipment of the present invention, an annular wedge block is fixedly connected to the bottom edge of the second annular moving plate.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the blowout prevention oil extraction equipment of the present invention, the inner cavity of the first piston cylinder is initially filled with hydraulic oil, and one-way valves are installed in the first connecting pipe, the second connecting pipe, the third connecting pipe and the fourth connecting pipe. A return oil pipe is provided between the bottom of the first piston cylinder and the top of the outer side of the second piston cylinder.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the blowout prevention oil extraction equipment of the present invention, the filter assembly includes second through holes opened on four sides of the outer wall of the protective cover. The second through holes correspond horizontally to the first through holes. Four sets of connecting frames are fixedly installed between the outer side of the inner shell and the inner wall of the protective cover. The connecting frames are configured as a trumpet shape, narrower inside and wider outside, and the two ends of the connecting frames are respectively connected to the first through holes and the second through holes. A notch is opened at the bottom of the connecting frame, and a first filter screen is fixedly installed in the notch. The outer wall of the protective cover is fixedly installed outside the second through holes. The collection box is equipped with a semi-circular chamber at the upper end and a rectangular chamber at the lower end. Several sets of equally spaced arc-shaped filter screens are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the semi-circular chamber at the upper end of the collection box, and the size of the arc-shaped filter screens gradually increases from the inside to the outside. A sealing door is provided on the side of the collection box away from the protective cover. A second filter screen is fixedly installed in the second through hole at the lower end of the collection box near the protective cover. Several fixing brackets are provided on the side of the second filter screen near the collection box, and the two ends of the fixing brackets are fixedly connected to the two sides of the second through hole.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the blowout prevention oil extraction equipment of the present invention, two sets of hydraulic cylinders are fixedly connected to one side of the upper surface of the base plate, and the extended ends of the two sets of hydraulic cylinders are fixedly connected to the same top plate. A motor is fixedly installed on the top of the top plate, and the output end of the motor extends through to the bottom of the top plate and is fixedly connected to a first gear. A movable rod is rotatably connected to the top plate through a bearing, and a second gear that meshes with the first gear is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the movable rod. The rotating rod extends through to the outside of the sealing seat and is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the movable rod.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of the blowout prevention oil extraction equipment of the present invention, the bottom end of the rotating rod is fixedly connected to a drill bit, and the outer wall of the drill bit is provided with an oil inlet hole. The center of both the movable rod and the rotating rod is hollow, and the movable rod and the rotating rod are sequentially penetrated by the oil sucker pipe and connected to the oil inlet hole. The lower end of the rotating rod is fixedly connected to a spiral blade.

[0016] In summary, the present invention has the following main beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. This invention uses a sealing piston to compress a buffer spring, causing it to move upwards until the spring is compressed to its limit. Then, a limiting rod is inserted into the limiting hole on the upper annular fixing box to limit the upper annular fixing box and the sealing piston, locking the buffer spring. This prevents the buffer spring from exerting a downward thrust on the sealing piston through its own elasticity, which would cause the oil in the inner shell to be subjected to a downward squeezing force. This would be detrimental to the oil well depressurization, and some oil would be squeezed out from the bottom of the protective cover and the base plate, resulting in a waste of resources.

[0018] 2. This invention, when the oil well blowout is not severe or has ended, and the bottom of the first annular moving plate loses the upward impact force of the oil, the first spring pushes the first annular moving plate downward, thereby driving the four sets of connecting columns and the second annular moving plate to move downward synchronously. At this time, the annular wedge block fixedly connected at the bottom edge of the second annular moving plate begins to squeeze and push the limiting rod and the third piston to the bottom of the third piston cylinder. After the limiting rod disengages from the limiting insertion hole on the upper annular fixed box, it releases the limitation on the sealing piston. At this time, the sealing piston resets under the action of the buffer spring. By designing the limiting component, the upward impact force of the oil is used to achieve timely limiting and locking of the buffer spring, eliminating the need for manual release of the limitation by the operator, greatly improving the practicality of the device.

[0019] 3. This invention designs a filtration assembly that uses a first filter screen, a second filter screen, and an arc-shaped filter screen to filter out mud and sand mixed in with oil. The filtered mud and sand slides down into a rectangular chamber at the lower end of the collection box for collection. The first filter screen is tilted, and oil sprays out from the first through hole, which can flush and clean the first filter screen to prevent it from becoming clogged and hindering the oil well depressurization, thus preventing secondary accidents. At the same time, the arc-shaped filter screen is constantly impacted by oil on both sides, so that mud and sand cannot adhere to it and will fall into the collection box for collection. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a side sectional view of the protective cover and inner shell of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a side sectional view of the sealing piston of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a bottom view of the upper annular movable plate of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a partial structural diagram of the limiting component of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the piston cylinder of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the second through hole in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting frame structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the arc-shaped filter structure of the present invention.

[0029] In the diagram: 100, base plate main body; 200, oil spill prevention assembly; 300, limiting assembly; 400, filter assembly;

[0030] 110. Hydraulic cylinder; 120. Top plate; 130. Motor; 140. First gear; 150. Movable rod; 160. Second gear;

[0031] 210. Protective cover; 220. Inner shell; 221. First through hole; 230. Sealing seat; 240. Rotating rod; 250. Oil inlet; 260. Spiral blade; 270. Sealing piston; 280. Lower annular fixing plate; 290. Buffer spring;

[0032] 310. Lower annular fixed box; 320. First annular moving plate; 330. First spring; 340. Upper annular fixed box; 350. Connecting column; 360. Second annular moving plate; 361. Annular wedge; 370. Limiting insertion hole; 380. Push block; 390. Upper annular fixed plate; 391. First piston cylinder; 392. First piston; 393. Fixed rod; 394. Trapezoidal block; 395. Through groove; 396. Second spring; 397. First connecting pipe; 398. Second piston cylinder; 399. Second piston; 3991. Third spring; 3992. Second connecting pipe; 3993. Third piston cylinder; 3994. Third piston; 3995. Limiting insertion rod; 3996. Third connecting pipe; 3997. Oil reservoir; 3998. Fourth connecting pipe;

[0033] 410. Second through hole; 420. Connecting frame; 421. First filter screen; 430. Collection box; 440. Second filter screen; 450. Fixing bracket; 460. Arc-shaped filter screen; 470. Sealing door. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0035] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described.

[0036] A blowout-proof oil extraction device, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the system includes a base plate body 100, with an oil spill prevention assembly 200 movably connected to the top of the base plate body 100. The upper end of the oil spill prevention assembly 200 has a limiting assembly 300, and the outer side of the oil spill prevention assembly 200 has a filter assembly 400. The oil spill prevention assembly 200 includes a protective cover 210 movably connected to the top of the base plate body 100. An inner shell 220 is fixedly installed inside the protective cover 210. A lower annular fixing plate 280 is fixedly connected between the inner wall of the protective cover 210 and the bottom outer side of the inner shell 220. A sealing seat 230 is fixedly connected to the top of the protective cover 210. A sealing piston 270 is movably connected to the inner wall of the inner shell 220. A rotating rod 240 is movably connected inside the sealing piston 270. First through holes 221 are opened on all four sides of the upper end of the inner shell 220. A drill bit is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the rotating rod 240, and an oil inlet hole 250 is opened on the outer wall of the drill bit. A spiral blade 260 is fixedly connected to the lower outer wall of the base plate 100. Two sets of hydraulic cylinders 110 are fixedly connected to one side of the upper surface of the base plate 100. The extended ends of the two sets of hydraulic cylinders 110 are fixedly connected to the same top plate 120. A motor 130 is fixedly installed on the top of the top plate 120. The output end of the motor 130 extends through to the bottom of the top plate 120 and is fixedly connected to a first gear 140. A movable rod 150 is rotatably connected to the top plate 120 through a bearing. A second gear 160 that meshes with the first gear 140 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the movable rod 150. A rotating rod 240 extends through to the outside of the sealing seat 230 and is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the movable rod 150. The center of the movable rod 150 and the rotating rod 240 are both hollow. An oil suction pipe passes through the movable rod 150 and the rotating rod 240 in sequence and is connected to the oil inlet 250.

[0037] The motor 130 is started, and its output drives the first gear 140 to rotate, which in turn drives the second gear 160 to rotate, which in turn drives the movable rod 150 to rotate, which in turn drives the rotating rod 240 and the drill bit to rotate. The hydraulic cylinder 110 is started, so that the extended end of the hydraulic cylinder 110 drives the top plate 120 to move downward. With the rotation of the rotating rod 240 and the downward movement of the drill bit, drilling can be carried out. When drilling is in progress, if a lot of oil overflows from the formation, most of the oil will enter the inner shell 220. At this time, the crude oil will push the sealing piston 27. The compression buffer spring 290 is pushed upwards, and the crude oil ejected from the oil well flows through the first through hole 221 into the oil storage tank between the protective cover 210 and the inner shell 220 for storage. The oil storage tank space is a cavity formed between the lower annular fixed plate 280 and the upper annular fixed plate 390, thereby providing secondary depressurization of the oil well and effectively preventing accidents. The remaining small amount of oil can be used to start the pumping unit and extract the oil inside the rotating rod 240 through the pumping pipe and the oil inlet 250, avoiding oil overflowing to the outside of the protective cover 210 and causing resource waste.

[0038] Please refer to this carefully. Figures 2-6As shown, the limiting assembly 300 includes a lower annular fixed box 310 fixedly connected to the bottom of the sealing piston 270. A first annular moving plate 320 is movably connected inside the lower annular fixed box 310. An upper annular fixed box 340 is fixedly connected to the top of the sealing piston 270. Four sets of connecting posts 350 are fixedly connected to one side of the first annular moving plate 320, and the tops of the four sets of connecting posts 350 extend through into the upper annular fixed box 340 and are fixedly connected to a second annular moving plate 360. The upper annular fixed box 340 and the inner shell 220 are provided with corresponding limiting holes 370 on the four sides of the top. Push blocks 380 are fixedly connected to the four edges of the top of the upper annular fixed box 340. The upper surface of the inner shell 220 is connected to the inner wall of the protective cover 210. An upper annular fixing plate 390 is fixedly connected to the upper end. A first piston cylinder 391 is fixedly connected to the four sides of the inner wall of the protective cover 210 above the upper annular fixing plate 390. A first piston 392 is movably connected inside the first piston cylinder 391. A fixing rod 393 is fixedly connected to the center of one side of the first piston 392. The fixing rod 393 extends through to the outside of the first piston cylinder 391 and is fixedly connected to a trapezoidal block 394. Through slots 395 matching the trapezoidal block 394 are opened on the four sides of the top of the inner shell 220. A first connecting pipe 397 is fixedly connected to the bottom outer side of the first piston cylinder 391. A second piston cylinder 398 is fixedly connected to the other end of the first connecting pipe 397. The second piston cylinder 398 is connected to the upper annular fixing plate via a fixing seat. The upper surface of 390 is fixedly connected to a second piston 399, which is movably connected inside the second piston cylinder 398. A second connecting pipe 3992 is fixedly connected to the lower outer end of the second piston cylinder 398. A third piston cylinder 3993 is fixedly connected to the other end of the second connecting pipe 3992. A third piston 3994 is movably connected inside the third piston cylinder 3993. A limiting rod 3995 matching the limiting insertion hole 370 is fixedly connected to the center of one side of the third piston 3994. A third connecting pipe 3996 is fixedly connected to the bottom outer side of the third piston cylinder 3993. An oil reservoir 3997 is fixedly connected to the other end of the third connecting pipe 3996. A fourth connecting pipe 3998 is fixedly connected to the bottom of one side of the oil reservoir 3997. The other end of 98 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first piston cylinder 391. A second spring 396 is fixedly connected between the top of the first piston cylinder 391 and the trapezoidal block 394, and the second spring 396 is sleeved on the outside of the fixed rod 393. A third spring 3991 is fixedly connected between the bottom of the inner cavity of the second piston cylinder 398 and the second piston 399. The elastic coefficient of the second spring 396 is greater than that of the third spring 3991. The inner cavity of the first piston cylinder 391 is initially filled with hydraulic oil. One-way valves are installed in the first connecting pipe 397, the second connecting pipe 3992, the third connecting pipe 3996 and the fourth connecting pipe 3998. A return oil pipe is provided between the bottom of the first piston cylinder 391 and the top of the outer side of the second piston cylinder 398.

[0039] When an oil well experiences a blowout, the sealing piston 270 compresses the buffer spring 290 and moves upward, causing the lower annular fixed box 310 and the upper annular fixed box 340 to move upward synchronously. Simultaneously, the first annular moving plate 320 inside the lower annular fixed box 310 is pushed upward by the oil, causing the four sets of connecting columns 350 and the second annular moving plate 360 ​​to move upward together. At this time, the first spring 330 is compressed. When the push block 380 fixedly connected to the upper annular fixed box 340 moves to abut against the trapezoidal block 394, it means that the buffer spring 290 is about to reach its limit. At this time, the push block 380 continues to move upward. It is worth noting that the sealing piston 270 is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating rod 240, so the rotating rod 240 will not drive the sealing piston when it rotates. 270. The lower annular fixed box 310 and the upper annular fixed box 340 rotate together. Specifically, they are limited by a buffer spring 290 fixedly connected to the top of the upper annular fixed box 340. The other end of the buffer spring 290 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the protective cover 210. Under the action of the through groove 395, the trapezoidal block 394 is squeezed and pushed to move outward of the inner shell 220, thereby driving the fixed rod 393 and the first piston 392 to move to the bottom of the inner cavity of the first piston cylinder 391. The hydraulic oil in the first piston cylinder 391 in the initial state is squeezed and enters the second piston cylinder 398 through the first connecting pipe 397. At the same time, the second spring 396 is squeezed by the trapezoidal block 394. When the hydraulic oil enters the second piston cylinder 398, it begins to push the second piston cylinder 398. Piston 399 moves downwards, and after moving a certain distance downwards, it opens the oil inlet of the second connecting pipe 3992. At this time, hydraulic oil enters the third piston cylinder 3993 through the second connecting pipe 3992, and begins to push the third piston 3994 and the limiting rod 3995 into the limiting hole 370 on the outer wall of the inner shell 220. It is worth noting that when the hydraulic oil squeezes the second piston 399 in the second piston cylinder 398 and opens the oil inlet of the second connecting pipe 3992, the buffer spring 290 has been compressed to its limit and cannot be compressed further. The sealing piston 270 has stopped moving upwards. At this time, the limiting hole 370 on the upper annular fixed box 340 is exactly aligned with the limiting hole 370 on the outer wall of the inner shell 220. Under the limit of 290, the limiting insertion hole 370 on the corresponding upper annular fixed box 340 and the limiting insertion hole 370 on the outer wall of the inner shell 220 are always on the same straight line. At the same time, when the buffer spring 290 is compressed to its limit, the two are at the same horizontal height. At this time, the hydraulic oil continuously pushes the third piston 3994 and the limiting insertion rod 3995 until the limiting insertion rod 3995 is fully inserted into the limiting insertion hole 370 on the upper annular fixed box 340, thus completing the limiting of the upper annular fixed box 340 and the sealing piston 270, locking the buffer spring 290, and preventing the buffer spring 290 from exerting a downward pushing force on the sealing piston 270 through its own elasticity, which would cause the oil in the inner shell 220 to be subjected to a downward squeezing force, which is not conducive to oil well depressurization.Simultaneously, some oil will be squeezed out from the bottom of the protective cover 210 and the base plate 100, resulting in a waste of resources.

[0040] Please refer to this carefully. Figure 2 , Figure 3 as well as Figure 6 As shown, a buffer spring 290 is fixedly connected between the bottom of the inner wall of the protective cover 210 and the top of the upper annular fixed box 340, and the buffer spring 290 is sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating rod 240. A first spring 330 is fixedly connected between one side of the first annular moving plate 320 and the top of the inner cavity of the lower annular fixed box 310. The elastic coefficient of the buffer spring 290 is much greater than that of the first spring 330. An annular wedge 361 is fixedly connected at the bottom edge of the second annular moving plate 360.

[0041] When the oil well blowout is not severe or ends, after the bottom of the first annular moving plate 320 loses the upward impact force of the oil, the first spring 330 pushes the first annular moving plate 320 downward, thereby driving the four sets of connecting columns 350 and the second annular moving plate 360 ​​to move downward simultaneously. At this time, the annular wedge block 361 fixedly connected at the bottom edge of the second annular moving plate 360 ​​begins to squeeze and push the limiting rod 3995 and the third piston 3994 to move towards the bottom of the third piston cylinder 3993. After the limiting rod 3995 disengages from the limiting hole 370 on the upper annular fixed box 340, it releases the limitation on the sealing piston 270. At this time, the sealing piston 270 is reset under the action of the buffer spring 290, and the hydraulic oil entering the third piston cylinder 3993 passes through the first The three connecting pipes 3996 enter the oil storage tank 3997. When the push block 380 separates from the trapezoidal block 394, the trapezoidal block 394 is pushed by the second spring 396, which drives the fixed rod 393 and the first piston 392 to move towards the top of the inner cavity of the first piston cylinder 391. The hydraulic oil in the oil storage tank 3997 is drawn back into the inner cavity of the first piston cylinder 391 through the fourth connecting pipe 3998. At the same time, a part of the hydraulic oil in the second piston cylinder 398 is pushed by the third spring 3991 to squeeze the second piston 399 through the return oil pipe back into the first piston cylinder 391, completing the reset of the entire structure. By designing the limiting component 300, the upward impact force of the oil is used to realize the timely limiting and locking of the buffer spring 290, eliminating the need for manual release of the limit by the operator, which greatly improves the practicality of the device.

[0042] Please refer to this carefully. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 as well as Figure 9As shown, the filter assembly 400 includes second through holes 410 on the four sides of the outer wall of the protective cover 210. The second through holes 410 correspond horizontally to the first through holes 221. Four sets of connecting frames 420 are fixedly installed between the outer side of the inner shell 220 and the inner wall of the protective cover 210. The connecting frames 420 are shaped like a trumpet, narrower inside and wider outside. The two ends of the connecting frames 420 are respectively connected to the first through hole 221 and the second through hole 410. A notch is opened at the bottom of the connecting frame 420, and a first filter screen 421 is fixedly installed in the notch. A collection box 430 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the protective cover 210 outside the second through holes 410. The upper end of the inner cavity is set as a semi-circular chamber, and the lower end is set as a rectangular chamber. Several sets of equally spaced arc-shaped filter screens 460 are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the semi-circular chamber at the upper end of the inner cavity of the collection box 430, and the size of the several sets of arc-shaped filter screens 460 gradually increases from the inside to the outside. A sealing door 470 is provided on the side of the collection box 430 away from the protective cover 210. A second filter screen 440 is fixedly installed in the second through hole 410 at the lower end of the side of the collection box 430 near the protective cover 210. Several fixing brackets 450 are provided on the side of the second filter screen 440 near the collection box 430, and the two ends of the fixing brackets 450 are fixedly connected to the two sides of the second through hole 410.

[0043] When the sealing piston 270 moves upward to clear the first through hole 221, the oil sprayed upward from the inner shell 220 flows through the first through hole 221 into the oil storage tank between the protective cover 210 and the inner shell 220 for storage. The oil discharged from the first through hole 221 is guided by the connecting frame 420. Part of the oil directly enters the oil storage tank through the first filter screen 421 at the bottom of the connecting frame 420, while the other part impacts the semi-circular chamber sidewall at the upper end of the inner cavity of the collection box 430 along the direction of the spray. The oil sprays out to both sides along the arc-shaped sidewall inside the semi-circular chamber, and is filtered by several arc-shaped filter screens 460 to remove the mud and sand inside the oil. Then it re-enters the connecting frame 420 and passes through the first filter screen 460. The filter screen 421 enters the oil storage tank, and the filtered mud and sand will slide into the rectangular cavity at the lower end of the collection box 430 for collection. The oil that falls along with it can re-enter the oil storage tank through the second filter screen 440. Through the inclined setting of the first filter screen 421 at the bottom of the connecting frame 420, the oil sprays out from the first through hole 221, which can flush and clean the first filter screen 421 to prevent it from becoming blocked, hindering the oil well depressurization, and further causing secondary accidents. At the same time, the arc-shaped filter screen 460 is always impacted by oil on both sides, so the mud and sand on it cannot adhere. These mud and sand will fall into the collection box 430 for collection. After the blowout ends, the sealing door 470 is opened to clean the mud and sand in the collection box 430.

[0044] In use, when an oil well blows out, the sealing piston 270 compresses the buffer spring 290 and moves upward, causing the lower annular fixed box 310 and the upper annular fixed box 340 to move upward synchronously. At the same time, the first annular moving plate 320 inside the lower annular fixed box 310 is pushed upward by the oil, causing the four sets of connecting columns 350 and the second annular moving plate 360 ​​to move upward together. At this time, the first spring 330 is compressed. When the push block 380 fixedly connected to the upper annular fixed box 340 moves to abut against the trapezoidal block 394, it means that the buffer spring 290 is about to be compressed to its limit. At this time, the push block 380 continues to move upward, in the through groove 395. The downward pressure pushes the trapezoidal block 394 to move outward from the inner shell 220, thereby causing the fixed rod 393 and the first piston 392 to move towards the bottom of the inner cavity of the first piston cylinder 391. This forces the hydraulic oil in the first piston cylinder 391 in its initial state to be squeezed and enter the second piston cylinder 398 through the first connecting pipe 397. At the same time, the second spring 396 is squeezed by the trapezoidal block 394. After the hydraulic oil enters the second piston cylinder 398, it begins to push the second piston 399 downward. After moving downward a certain distance, it opens the oil inlet of the second connecting pipe 3992, at which point the hydraulic oil enters the third piston cylinder 3 through the second connecting pipe 3992. Within 993, the third piston 3994 and the limiting rod 3995 begin to move into the limiting hole 370 on the outer wall of the inner shell 220. It is worth noting that when the hydraulic oil squeezes the second piston 399 inside the second piston cylinder 398, allowing the oil inlet of the second connecting pipe 3992 to pass, the buffer spring 290 has already been compressed to its limit and cannot be compressed further. The sealing piston 270 has stopped moving upwards. At this point, the limiting hole 370 on the upper annular fixed box 340 is perfectly aligned with the limiting hole 370 on the outer wall of the inner shell 220. The hydraulic oil continues to push the third piston 3994 and the limiting rod 3995 straight... The limiting rod 3995 is fully inserted into the limiting hole 370 on the upper annular fixed box 340, thus limiting the upper annular fixed box 340 and the sealing piston 270, locking the buffer spring 290, and preventing the buffer spring 290 from exerting a downward pushing force on the sealing piston 270 through its own elasticity. This would cause the oil in the inner shell 220 to be subjected to a downward squeezing force, which would be detrimental to the oil well depressurization. At the same time, some oil would be squeezed out from the bottom of the protective cover 210 and the base plate body 100, thus wasting resources. All parts not involved in this device are the same as or can be implemented using existing technology.

[0045] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, these specific embodiments are merely explanations of the invention and are not intended to limit it. The specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make modifications, substitutions, and variations to the embodiments as needed without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, but such modifications, substitutions, and variations are protected by patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A blowout-proof oil extraction device, comprising a base plate body (100), characterized in that: An oil spill prevention assembly (200) is movably connected to the top of the base plate body (100). A limiting assembly (300) is provided at the upper end of the oil spill prevention assembly (200), and a filter assembly (400) is provided on the outside of the oil spill prevention assembly (200). The oil spill prevention assembly (200) includes a protective cover (210) movably connected to the top of the base plate body (100). An inner shell (220) is fixedly provided in the inner cavity of the protective cover (210). A lower annular fixing plate (280) is fixedly connected between the inner wall of the protective cover (210) and the bottom outer side of the inner shell (220). A sealing seat (230) is fixedly connected to the top of the protective cover (210). A sealing piston (270) is movably connected to the inner wall of the inner shell (220). A rotating rod (240) is movably connected inside the sealing piston (270). A first through hole (221) is provided on all four sides of the upper end of the inner shell (220). The limiting assembly (300) includes a lower annular fixing box (310) fixedly connected to the bottom of the sealing piston (270). A first annular moving plate (320) is movably connected inside the lower annular fixing box (310). An upper annular fixing box (340) is fixedly connected to the top of the sealing piston (270). Four sets of connecting posts (350) are fixedly connected to one side of the first annular moving plate (320), and the tops of the four sets of connecting posts (350) extend through into the upper annular fixing box (340) and are fixedly connected to a second annular moving plate (360). The upper annular fixing box (340) and the inner shell (220) are provided with corresponding limiting holes (370) on the four sides of the top of the inner shell (220). Push blocks (380) are fixedly connected to the four edges of the top of the upper annular fixing box (340). An upper ring is fixedly connected between the upper surface of the inner shell (220) and the upper wall of the protective cover (210). The protective cover (210) has a fixed plate (390) and a first piston cylinder (391) fixedly connected to the four sides of the inner wall above the upper annular fixed plate (390). The first piston cylinder (391) is movably connected to the first piston cylinder (392). A fixed rod (393) is fixedly connected to the center of one side of the first piston (392). The fixed rod (393) extends through to the outside of the first piston cylinder (391) and is fixedly connected to a trapezoidal block (394). The top of the inner shell (220) has four through slots (395) that match the trapezoidal block (394). The bottom of the outside of the first piston cylinder (391) is fixedly connected to a first connecting pipe (397). The other end of the first connecting pipe (397) is fixedly connected to a second piston cylinder (398). The second piston cylinder (398) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the upper annular fixed plate (390) through a fixed seat. A buffer spring (290) is fixedly connected between the bottom of the inner wall of the protective cover (210) and the top of the upper annular fixed box (340), and the buffer spring (290) is sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating rod (240). A first spring (330) is fixedly connected between one side of the first annular moving plate (320) and the top of the inner cavity of the lower annular fixed box (310). The elastic coefficient of the buffer spring (290) is greater than that of the first spring (330). A second piston (399) is movably connected inside the second piston cylinder (398). A second connecting pipe (3992) is fixedly connected to the lower outer side of the second piston cylinder (398). A third piston cylinder (3993) is fixedly connected to the other end of the second connecting pipe (3992). A third piston (3994) is movably connected inside the third piston cylinder (3993). A limiting rod (3995) matching the limiting insertion hole (370) is fixedly connected to the center of one side of the third piston (3994).

2. The blowout-proof oil extraction equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom outer side of the third piston cylinder (3993) is fixedly connected to a third connecting pipe (3996), and the other end of the third connecting pipe (3996) is fixedly connected to an oil tank (3997). The bottom side of the oil tank (3997) is fixedly connected to a fourth connecting pipe (3998), and the other end of the fourth connecting pipe (3998) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first piston cylinder (391). The top of the first piston cylinder (391) is fixedly connected to a second spring (396) between it and the trapezoidal block (394), and the second spring (396) is sleeved on the outside of the fixed rod (393). The bottom of the inner cavity of the second piston cylinder (398) is fixedly connected to a third spring (3991) between it and the second piston (399). The elastic coefficient of the second spring (396) is greater than that of the third spring (3991).

3. The blowout-proof oil extraction equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: An annular wedge (361) is fixedly connected to the bottom edge of the second annular moving plate (360).

4. The blowout-proof oil extraction equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner cavity of the first piston cylinder (391) is initially filled with hydraulic oil. One-way valves are installed in the first connecting pipe (397), the second connecting pipe (3992), the third connecting pipe (3996), and the fourth connecting pipe (3998). A return oil pipe is provided between the bottom of the first piston cylinder (391) and the top of the outer side of the second piston cylinder (398).

5. The blowout-proof oil extraction equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter assembly (400) includes second through holes (410) on the four sides of the outer wall of the protective cover (210). The second through holes (410) correspond horizontally to the first through holes (221). Four sets of connecting frames (420) are fixedly installed between the outer side of the inner shell (220) and the inner wall of the protective cover (210). The connecting frames (420) are shaped like a trumpet, narrower inside and wider outside. The two ends of the connecting frames (420) are respectively connected to the first through hole (221) and the second through hole (410). A notch is opened at the bottom of the connecting frame (420), and a first filter screen (421) is fixedly installed in the notch. A collection box (430) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the protective cover (210) outside the second through hole (410). The upper end of the inner cavity of the collection box (430) is set as a semi-circular chamber and the lower end is set as a rectangular chamber. Several sets of equally spaced arc-shaped filter screens (460) are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the semi-circular chamber at the upper end of the inner cavity of the collection box (430), and the size of the several sets of arc-shaped filter screens (460) gradually increases from the inside to the outside. A sealing door (470) is provided on the side of the collection box (430) away from the protective cover (210). A second filter screen (440) is fixedly installed in the second through hole (410) at the lower end of the side of the collection box (430) near the protective cover (210). Several fixing brackets (450) are provided on the side of the second filter screen (440) near the collection box (430), and the two ends of the fixing brackets (450) are fixedly connected to the two sides of the second through hole (410).

6. The blowout-proof oil extraction equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two sets of hydraulic cylinders (110) are fixedly connected to one side of the upper surface of the base plate (100), and the extended ends of the two sets of hydraulic cylinders (110) are fixedly connected to the same top plate (120). A motor (130) is fixedly installed on the top of the top plate (120), and the output end of the motor (130) extends through to the bottom of the top plate (120) and is fixedly connected to a first gear (140). A movable rod (150) is rotatably connected to the top plate (120) through a bearing, and a second gear (160) that meshes with the first gear (140) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the movable rod (150). The rotating rod (240) extends through to the outside of the sealing seat (230) and is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the movable rod (150).

7. The blowout-proof oil extraction equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom end of the rotating rod (240) is fixedly connected to a drill bit, and the outer wall of the drill bit is provided with an oil inlet hole (250). The center of the movable rod (150) and the rotating rod (240) are both hollow, and the movable rod (150) and the rotating rod (240) are connected to the oil inlet hole (250) by a sucker pipe. The lower end of the rotating rod (240) is fixedly connected to a spiral blade (260).

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