A solid-phase cold storage system for improving cold energy quality and a method of operation

Abstract

The application discloses a solid-phase cold storage system and operation method for improving cold energy quality, which comprises a liquid air storage unit for liquefying and storing air, a solid-phase cold storage unit for storing cold energy released when high-pressure liquid air is gasified from liquid state to gaseous state, and a solid-phase cold releasing unit for releasing cold energy stored in a solid-phase packed bed, the front and rear ends of the liquid air storage unit are connected in series with the solid-phase cold releasing unit and the solid-phase cold storage unit respectively, the front end of the solid-phase cold releasing unit is connected with a compressed air flow, and the rear end of the solid-phase cold storage unit is connected with a heater for warming air. The application effectively solves the problems of gradually reduced cold energy quality and large exergy loss caused by the existence of a temperature gradient layer in the cold releasing process of the solid-phase cold storage, guarantees the liquefaction rate of the energy storage process system, and improves the operation stability of the cold storage system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of liquid air energy storage technology, and more specifically to a solid-phase cold storage system and its operation method for improving the quality of cold energy. Background Technology

[0002] Liquid air energy storage, as a novel physical energy storage technology, is considered a promising solution to support future high-proportion renewable energy power systems due to its significant advantages such as high energy density, long equipment lifespan, good environmental compatibility, and strong geographical adaptability. As a key component of liquid air energy storage systems, the operating characteristics and efficiency of the system play an absolute role in the overall energy efficiency and reliability. Currently, in demonstration projects and research activities, the recognized cryogenic energy storage technologies mainly focus on packed bed energy storage and liquid-phase energy storage, using solid materials such as rocks as storage materials. While liquid-phase energy storage offers high energy storage efficiency, the available storage media are limited. For example, a two-stage liquid-phase energy storage system using methanol and propane can achieve cryogenic storage below -150°C, but its flammable and explosive properties pose significant safety hazards, greatly restricting the application of liquid air energy storage systems in densely populated areas and load centers. Solid-phase cold storage is considered one of the most important cold storage methods for the future development of liquid air energy storage due to its wide availability of materials, long lifespan, safety, and lack of pollution. However, solid-phase cold storage suffers from significant energy loss due to the secondary transfer of cold energy using an intermediate circulation medium, especially in the high-quality portion. Furthermore, the presence of a thermocline results in low overall round-trip efficiency. Therefore, improving the cold energy quality of solid-phase cold storage systems during the cold release process is one of the important directions for the future development of liquid air energy storage systems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a solid-phase cold storage system and its operation method for improving the quality of cold energy, overcome the problem of reduced cold storage quality caused by the presence of a thermocline in the solid-phase cold storage system, further improve the quality of cold energy in the cold release process, and increase the liquefaction rate in the energy storage process.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows.

[0005] A solid-phase cold storage system for improving cold energy quality includes a liquid air storage unit for liquefying and storing air, a solid-phase cold storage unit for storing the cold energy released when high-pressure liquid air is vaporized from liquid to gas, and a solid-phase cold release unit for releasing the cold energy stored in a solid-phase packed bed. The front and rear ends of the liquid air storage unit are connected in series with the solid-phase cold release unit and the solid-phase cold storage unit, respectively. The front end of the solid-phase cold release unit is connected to a compressed air stream, and the rear end of the solid-phase cold storage unit is connected to a heater for heating the air.

[0006] The solid-phase cooling unit includes a liquefaction main heat exchanger connected to the liquid air storage unit. A conventional cooling circulation loop and a cooling energy quality improvement circulation loop are provided between the liquefaction main heat exchanger and the solid-phase packed bed.

[0007] The conventional cooling circulation loop includes a cooling fan inlet control valve, a cooling fan and a cooling fan outlet control valve connected between the heat exchange hot end of the liquefaction main heat exchanger and the solid packed bed, and a recooling expander bypass control valve connected between the heat exchange cold end of the liquefaction main heat exchanger and the solid packed bed.

[0008] The improved cold energy quality circulation loop includes a release compressor inlet control valve, a release compressor and a release compressor outlet control valve connected between the heat exchange hot end of the liquefaction main heat exchanger and the solid packed bed, and a recooling expander inlet control valve, a recooling expander and a recooling expander outlet control valve connected between the heat exchange cold end of the liquefaction main heat exchanger and the solid packed bed.

[0009] To further optimize the technical solution, the liquid air storage unit includes a cryogenic throttling valve connected in series with the solid phase cooling unit to reduce the pressure of the high-pressure liquid air. A gas-liquid separator is provided at the rear end of the cryogenic throttling valve, and a liquid air storage tank for storing liquid air is provided at the rear end of the gas-liquid separator.

[0010] To further optimize the technical solution, the solid-phase cold storage unit includes a cryogenic pump connected in series at the rear end of the liquid air storage unit for pressurizing the liquid air and an evaporator for vaporizing the liquid air. The heat exchange hot end of the evaporator is connected in series with a solid-phase packed bed and a cold storage fan.

[0011] To further optimize the technical solution, a cold storage inlet control valve is installed on the pipeline between the solid-phase packed bed and the evaporator, and a cold storage fan inlet control valve and a cold storage fan outlet control valve are respectively installed on the pipelines on both sides before and after the cold storage fan.

[0012] An operation method for a solid-phase cold storage system to improve cold energy quality, based on a solid-phase cold storage system for improving cold energy quality, includes the operation of a solid-phase cold storage unit and the operation of a solid-phase cold release unit, wherein the operation of the solid-phase cold storage unit includes the following steps:

[0013] A1. Set the operating parameters of the evaporator in the solid-phase cold storage unit, including setting the inlet temperature of the liquid air side of the heat exchange cold end of the evaporator to be... The outlet temperature is The evaporator cold end is designed with a heat exchange temperature difference of [missing information]. The heat exchange temperature difference at the hot end is designed to be... The inlet temperature on the circulating medium side is and outlet temperature ;

[0014] A2. Set the operating mode of the cold storage circuit so that the circulating medium in the solid-phase packed bed flows from the bottom to the top;

[0015] A3. Set control targets for the operating parameters of the cold storage unit, including ensuring that the operating heat exchange temperature difference at the cold end of the evaporator does not exceed the design temperature difference, i.e.: Correspondingly, the target for controlling the evaporator hot-end parameters is that the operating heat exchange temperature difference at the hot end should not exceed the design temperature difference, i.e.: ;

[0016] The operation of a solid-phase cooling unit includes the following steps:

[0017] B1. Set the operating modes for different cooling periods, including setting the cooling outlet temperature of the solid-phase packed bed. During operation As the cooling time is extended, the temperature rise is set to... The outlet temperature of the recooling expander is The operating pressure inside the solid-phase packed bed is The outlet pressure of the cooling compressor is ;

[0018] B2. Set the control targets for the operating parameters of the cooling unit, including the parameter control targets for the cooling unit at different stages of cooling.

[0019] To further optimize the technical solution, step B1, setting the operating mode for different cooling periods, includes the following steps:

[0020] B11. Set the normal cooling circulation loop operation mode, the recooling expander and cooling compressor are not used, the cooling fan is used, and the circulation medium in the packed bed flows from the hot end to the cold end, that is, from the top of the solid phase packed bed to the bottom.

[0021] B12. Set the operation mode of the improved cold energy quality circulation loop, with the release fan not in use, and the recooling expander and release compressor in use. The flow direction of the circulating medium in the packed bed is from the hot end to the cold end, that is, from the top of the solid phase packed bed to the bottom.

[0022] To further optimize the technical solution, in step B2, the control objectives for the operating parameters of the cooling unit include:

[0023] B21. Set the control target for the conventional cooling cycle loop parameters: the temperature rise at the solid-phase packed bed outlet compared to the initial temperature should be less than 10℃, i.e. ℃;

[0024] B22. Set control targets for the parameters of the cold energy quality improvement loop, and control the outlet temperature of the recooling expander as follows: And the outlet pressure of the cooling compressor .

[0025] The technological advancements achieved by this invention are as follows, thanks to the adoption of the above technical solutions.

[0026] This invention provides a solid-phase cold storage system and its operation method for improving cold energy quality. By adding a recooling expander to the cold release cycle loop of the solid-phase cold storage system, the cold energy quality is further improved on the basis of the original cold release quality of the packed bed. This effectively solves the problem of gradual decrease in cold energy quality and large energy loss caused by the presence of a thermocline during the cold release process of solid-phase cold storage, ensures the liquefaction rate of the energy storage system, improves the operational stability of the cold storage system, and provides a reference for the widespread application of solid-phase cold storage systems. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 Under the conventional cooling operation mode of this invention Change curve graph;

[0029] Figure 3 The original operating mode of the cooling unit of this invention and the operating mode of this invention. Comparison chart of the changes.

[0030] Among them: 101. Cryogenic throttling valve, 102. Gas-liquid separator, 103. Liquid air storage tank, 201. Cryogenic pump, 202. Evaporator, 203. Packed bed cold storage inlet control valve, 204. Solid phase packed bed, 205. Cold storage fan inlet control valve, 206. Cold storage fan, 207. Cold storage fan outlet control valve, 301. Liquefaction main heat exchanger, 302. Release fan inlet control valve, 303. Release fan, 304. Release fan outlet control valve, 305. Recooling expander bypass control valve, 311. Recooling expander inlet control valve, 312. Recooling expander, 313. Recooling expander outlet control valve, 314. Release compressor inlet control valve, 315. Release compressor, 316. Release compressor outlet control valve. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0032] A solid-phase cold storage system for improving the quality of cold energy, combined with Figure 1 As shown, it includes a liquid air storage unit, a solid-phase cold storage unit, and a solid-phase cold release unit. The front and rear ends of the liquid air storage unit are connected in series with the solid-phase cold release unit and the solid-phase cold storage unit, respectively. The front end of the solid-phase cold release unit is connected to a compressed air stream, and the rear end of the solid-phase cold storage unit is connected to a heater for heating the air.

[0033] The liquid air storage unit is used to liquefy and store air, and includes a cryogenic throttle valve 101, a gas-liquid separator 102, and a liquid air storage tank 103. The cryogenic throttle valve 101 is connected in series with a solid-phase cooling unit to reduce the pressure of the high-pressure liquid air. The gas-liquid separator 102 and the liquid air storage tank 103 are sequentially arranged at the rear end of the cryogenic throttle valve 101. The liquid air storage tank is used to store liquid air. The cryogenic throttle valve 101 can be replaced by a cryogenic liquid expander.

[0034] When the liquid air storage unit is in operation, the high-pressure liquid air from the solid phase cooling unit is depressurized by the low-temperature throttling valve 101 and a portion of the low-temperature gaseous air is flashed out. The lower-pressure liquid air flows into the liquid air storage tank 103 after passing through the gas-liquid separator 102. Correspondingly, the low-temperature gaseous air flows into the solid phase cooling unit as a return flow after passing through the gas-liquid separator 102 to release the cooling capacity.

[0035] The solid-phase cold storage unit is used to store the cold energy released when high-pressure liquid air is vaporized from liquid to gas. It includes a cryogenic pump 201 and an evaporator 202 connected in series at the rear end of the liquid air storage tank 103. A heater is connected at the rear end of the evaporator 202. The cryogenic pump 201 is used to pressurize the liquid air, and the evaporator 202 is used to vaporize the liquid air to release the cold energy. After the cold energy is released, it flows into the heater at the rear end to continue to heat up. The heat exchange hot end of the evaporator 202 is connected in series with a solid-phase packed bed 204 and a cold storage fan 206. The number of solid-phase packed beds 204 is not limited to one, but is determined according to the capacity of the liquid air energy storage system.

[0036] A packed bed cold storage inlet control valve 203 is installed on the pipeline between the solid packed bed 204 and the evaporator 202, and a cold storage fan inlet control valve 205 and a cold storage fan outlet control valve 207 are respectively installed on the pipelines on both sides before and after the cold storage fan 206.

[0037] During the cold storage process, the cold storage circulation medium flows from bottom to top in the solid-phase packed bed 204. The cold storage circulation medium flows into the cold storage fan 206 through the cold storage fan inlet control valve 205. After being pressurized by the cold storage fan 206, it enters the evaporator 202 through the cold storage fan outlet control valve 207 to exchange heat with the liquid air from the low-temperature pump 201. After absorbing cold energy, the temperature decreases. The low-temperature cold storage circulation medium flows into the solid-phase packed bed 204 from the bottom after passing through the packed bed cold storage inlet control valve 203 and exchanges heat with the solid-phase cold storage medium therein. After transferring the cold energy to the solid-phase cold storage medium, it flows out from the top of the solid-phase packed bed 204, passes through the cold storage fan inlet control valve 205, and enters the cold storage fan 206 to complete the cold storage cycle.

[0038] The solid-phase cooling unit is used to release the cold energy stored in the solid-phase packed bed 204. It includes a liquefaction main heat exchanger 301 and two circulation loops located between the liquefaction main heat exchanger 301 and the solid-phase packed bed 204, namely a conventional cooling circulation loop and a circulation loop for improving the quality of cold energy.

[0039] The conventional cooling circulation loop includes a cooling fan inlet control valve 302, a cooling fan 303, and a cooling fan outlet control valve 304 connected between the heat exchange hot end of the liquefaction main heat exchanger 301 and the solid packed bed 204, and a recooling expander bypass control valve 305 connected between the heat exchange cold end of the liquefaction main heat exchanger 301 and the solid packed bed 204.

[0040] During the operation of the conventional cold release cycle, the cold storage circulation medium flows from top to bottom in the solid packed bed 204. The circulation medium flows out from the bottom of the solid packed bed 204, passes through the recooling expander bypass control valve 305, and enters the liquefaction main heat exchanger 301 to release cold energy. After the temperature rises, it flows into the cold release fan 303 after passing through the cold release fan inlet control valve 302 and is pressurized. Then, it flows into the top of the packed bed through the cold release fan outlet control valve 304 to complete the conventional cold release cycle.

[0041] The improved cold energy quality circulation loop includes a release compressor inlet control valve 314, a release compressor 315 and a release compressor outlet control valve 316 connected between the heat exchange hot end of the liquefaction main heat exchanger 301 and the solid packed bed 204, and a recooling expander inlet control valve 311, a recooling expander 312 and a recooling expander outlet control valve 313 connected between the heat exchange cold end of the liquefaction main heat exchanger 301 and the solid packed bed 204.

[0042] When the cold energy quality improvement circulation loop is running, the low-temperature circulating cold storage medium flows out from the bottom of the solid-phase packed bed 204, passes through the inlet control valve 311 of the recooling expander, enters the recooling expander 312 to expand and cool down, passes through the outlet control valve 313 of the recooling expander, and flows into the liquefaction main heat exchanger 301 to release cold energy. After the temperature rises, it passes through the inlet control valve 314 of the cold release compressor and flows into the cold release compressor 315 to be pressurized. Then, it flows through the outlet control valve 316 of the cold release compressor into the top of the packed bed to complete the cold energy quality improvement cold release cycle.

[0043] An operation method for a solid-phase cold storage system to improve cold energy quality, based on a solid-phase cold storage system for improving cold energy quality, includes the operation of a solid-phase cold storage unit and the operation of a solid-phase cold release unit, wherein the operation of the solid-phase cold storage unit includes the following steps:

[0044] A1. Set the operating parameters of the evaporator in the solid-phase cold storage unit;

[0045] To maximize the cold storage quality of the cold storage unit and recover the maximum amount of cold energy during the liquid air evaporation process, the inlet temperature of the liquid air side at the heat exchange cold end of the evaporator is set to... The outlet temperature is The evaporator cold end is designed with a heat exchange temperature difference of [missing information]. The heat exchange temperature difference at the hot end is designed to be... The inlet temperature on the circulating medium side is and outlet temperature .

[0046] A2. Set the operating mode of the cold storage circuit;

[0047] Specifically, this includes closing the recooling expander bypass control valve 305 and the recooling expander inlet control valve 311, and opening the packed bed cold storage inlet control valve 203; closing the release fan outlet control valve 304 and the release compressor outlet control valve 316, and opening the cold storage fan inlet control valve 205 and the cold storage fan outlet control valve 207, while the cold storage fan 206 is put into operation, and the circulating medium in the solid phase packed bed flows from the bottom to the top.

[0048] A3. Set control targets for the operating parameters of the cold storage unit, including ensuring that the operating heat exchange temperature difference at the cold end of the evaporator does not exceed the design temperature difference, i.e.: Correspondingly, the target for controlling the evaporator hot-end parameters is that the operating heat exchange temperature difference at the hot end should not exceed the design temperature difference, i.e.: .

[0049] The operation of a solid-phase cooling unit includes both a conventional cooling cycle loop operation method and a cooling energy quality improvement cycle loop operation method. In the initial stage of cooling, when the cooling energy quality is high, the conventional cooling cycle loop is activated. As the cooling time increases and the cooling energy quality decreases, the system switches to the cooling energy quality improvement cycle loop. The operation of the solid-phase cooling unit includes the following steps:

[0050] B1. Set the operating mode for different cooling periods;

[0051] This includes the operation modes of the solid-phase cooling unit in the initial stage of cooling release and the operation modes of the solid-phase cooling unit in the middle and final stages of cooling release. Among these, it includes setting the cooling outlet temperature of the solid-phase packed bed to... During operation As the cooling time is extended, the temperature rise is set to... The outlet temperature of the recooling expander is The operating pressure inside the solid-phase packed bed is The outlet pressure of the cooling compressor is .

[0052] B11. Set the normal cooling cycle loop operation mode;

[0053] Specifically, this includes: closing the packed bed cold storage inlet control valve 203, the recooling expander inlet control valve 311, and the recooling expander outlet control valve 313, while keeping the recooling expander 312 out of operation; opening the recooling expander bypass control valve 305; closing the cold release compressor inlet control valve 314, the cold release compressor outlet control valve 316, and the cold storage fan inlet control valve 205, while keeping the cold release compressor 315 out of operation; and opening the cold release fan inlet control valve 302, the cold release fan 303, and the cold release fan outlet control valve 304. The circulating medium in the solid-phase packed bed flows from the hot end to the cold end, that is, from the top of the solid-phase packed bed to the bottom.

[0054] B12. Set up an operation mode for the cooling energy quality circulation loop;

[0055] Specifically, based on the operating mode in B11, the following adjustments are made: close the recooling expander bypass control valve 305, open the recooling expander inlet control valve 311 and the recooling expander outlet control valve 313, and simultaneously put the recooling expander 312 into operation; close the release fan inlet control valve 302, the release fan 303, and the release fan outlet control valve 304; open the release compressor inlet control valve 314 and the release compressor outlet control valve 316, and simultaneously put the release compressor 315 into operation, while keeping the flow direction of the circulating medium in the solid phase packed bed unchanged.

[0056] B2. Set the control targets for the operating parameters of the cooling unit, including the parameter control targets for the cooling unit at different stages of cooling.

[0057] B21. Set control targets for the parameters of the conventional cooling cycle loop;

[0058] In the initial stage of cooling release, the conventional cooling release cycle is put into operation. As the cooling release cycle progresses, in order to ensure the quality of the cold energy, the outlet temperature of the solid-phase packed bed cooling release is adjusted. The control target is: the outlet temperature of the solid-phase packed bed should rise by less than 10℃ compared to the initial temperature, i.e. ℃.

[0059] B22. Set control targets for the circulation loop parameters to improve the quality of cold energy;

[0060] In the later stage of cooling, due to the presence of the thermocline layer, the outlet temperature of the solid-phase packed bed... Gradually increase, when B21 ℃, the improved cold energy quality circulation loop is put into operation. At this time, the control target for the outlet temperature of the recooling expander is ℃. And the outlet pressure of the cooling compressor .

[0061] The effects of implementing the present invention will be illustrated below with specific embodiments.

[0062] A 10MW / 40MWh liquid air energy storage system adopts solid-phase cold storage. The main parameters of the cold storage system are shown in Table 1.

[0063]

[0064] The temperature at the bottom outlet of the last cold storage packed bed during the cooling process is used, i.e., the cooling outlet temperature of the solid-phase packed bed. As a monitoring point, when operating according to the conventional cooling method, During the initial period (approximately 1.5 hours), the temperature remained essentially constant at around -158°C, and the system was in a phase of constant cold energy quality. As the cold release time continued, As the temperature rises, the quality of the released cooling gradually decreases, and the system transitions to a stage where the quality of the cold energy deteriorates. When the cooling process ends... The endpoint was -131℃, an increase of 27℃ relative to the initial temperature, under normal cooling operation mode. The change curve is as follows Figure 2 As shown.

[0065] When operated according to the method provided by this invention, initially only the conventional cooling cycle is in operation; as the cooling duration extends... Gradually increase, when When the temperature rises from an initial -158℃ to -148℃, the system switches to a cooling energy quality improvement loop. The temperature exhibits a trend of first decreasing and then slowly increasing. The final temperature of the cooling release is -151℃, an increase of 7℃ compared to the initial temperature. The original operating mode of the solid-phase cooling release unit differs from the operating mode of this invention. Comparison of changes and effects, as shown in the figure. Figure 3 As shown, the operating mode described in this invention effectively ensures the quality of cold energy during the cooling process.

Claims

1. An operating method for a solid-phase cold storage system for improving cold energy quality, characterized in that: This method is based on a solid-phase cold storage system for improving the quality of cold energy. The solid-phase cold storage system for improving the quality of cold energy includes a liquid air storage unit for liquefying and storing air, a solid-phase cold storage unit for storing the cold energy released when high-pressure liquid air is vaporized from liquid to gas, and a solid-phase cold release unit for releasing the cold energy stored in a solid-phase packed bed. The front and rear ends of the liquid air storage unit are connected in series with the solid-phase cold release unit and the solid-phase cold storage unit, respectively. The front end of the solid-phase cold release unit is connected to a compressed air stream, and the rear end of the solid-phase cold storage unit is connected to a heater for heating the air. The solid-phase cold release unit includes a liquefaction main heat exchanger (301) connected to the liquid air storage unit. A conventional cold release circulation loop and a cold energy quality improvement circulation loop are provided between the liquefaction main heat exchanger (301) and the solid-phase cold storage unit. The conventional cooling circulation loop includes a cooling fan inlet control valve (302), a cooling fan (303), and a cooling fan outlet control valve (304) connected between the heat exchange hot end of the liquefaction main heat exchanger (301) and the solid-phase cold storage unit, as well as a recooling expander bypass control valve (305) connected between the heat exchange cold end of the liquefaction main heat exchanger (301) and the solid-phase cold storage unit. The improved cold energy quality circulation loop includes a release compressor inlet control valve (314), a release compressor (315), and a release compressor outlet control valve (316) connected between the heat exchange hot end of the liquefaction main heat exchanger (301) and the solid phase cold storage unit, and a recooling expander inlet control valve (311), a recooling expander (312), and a recooling expander outlet control valve (313) connected between the heat exchange cold end of the liquefaction main heat exchanger (301) and the solid phase cold storage unit. This method includes the operation of a solid-phase cold storage unit and the operation of a solid-phase cold release unit, wherein the operation of the solid-phase cold storage unit includes the following steps: A1. Set the operating parameters of the evaporator in the solid-phase cold storage unit, including setting the inlet temperature of the liquid air side of the heat exchange cold end of the evaporator to be... The outlet temperature is The evaporator cold end is designed with a heat exchange temperature difference of [missing information]. The heat exchange temperature difference at the hot end is designed to be... The inlet temperature on the circulating medium side is and outlet temperature ; A2. Set the operating mode of the cold storage circuit so that the circulating medium in the solid-phase packed bed flows from the bottom to the top; A3. Set control targets for the operating parameters of the cold storage unit, including ensuring that the operating heat exchange temperature difference at the cold end of the evaporator does not exceed the design temperature difference, i.e.: Correspondingly, the target for controlling the evaporator hot-end parameters is that the operating heat exchange temperature difference at the hot end should not exceed the design temperature difference, i.e.: ; The operation of a solid-phase cooling unit includes the following steps: B1. Set the operating modes for different cooling periods, including setting the cooling outlet temperature of the solid-phase packed bed to [value missing]. During operation As the cooling time is extended, the temperature rise is set to... The outlet temperature of the recooling expander is The operating pressure inside the solid-phase packed bed is The outlet pressure of the cooling compressor is ; B11. Set the normal cooling circulation loop operation mode, with the recooling expander and cooling compressor not in use, the cooling fan in use, and the circulating medium in the packed bed flowing from the hot end of the liquefaction main heat exchanger to the cold end of the liquefaction main heat exchanger, that is, from the top of the solid phase packed bed to the bottom. B12. Set the operation mode of the cold energy quality circulation loop, with the release fan not in use, the recooling expander and the release compressor in use, and the flow direction of the circulating medium in the packed bed from the hot end of the liquefaction main heat exchanger to the cold end of the liquefaction main heat exchanger, that is, from the top of the solid phase packed bed to the bottom. B2. Set the control targets for the operating parameters of the cooling unit, including the parameter control targets for the cooling unit at different stages of cooling; B21. Set the control target for the conventional cooling cycle loop parameters: the temperature rise at the solid-phase packed bed outlet compared to the initial temperature should be less than 10℃, i.e. ℃; B22. Set control targets for the parameters of the cold energy quality improvement loop, and control the outlet temperature of the recooling expander as follows: And the outlet pressure of the cooling compressor .

2. The operating method of a solid-phase cold storage system for improving cold energy quality according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid air storage unit includes a cryogenic throttle valve (101) connected in series with the solid phase cooling unit to reduce the pressure of the high-pressure liquid air. A gas-liquid separator (102) is provided at the rear end of the cryogenic throttle valve (101), and a liquid air storage tank (103) for storing liquid air is provided at the rear end of the gas-liquid separator.

3. The operating method of a solid-phase cold storage system for improving cold energy quality according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solid-phase cold storage unit includes a cryogenic pump (201) connected in series at the rear end of the liquid air storage unit for pressurizing the liquid air and an evaporator (202) for vaporizing the liquid air. The heat exchange hot end of the evaporator (202) is connected in series with a solid-phase packed bed (204) and a cold storage fan (206).

4. The operating method of a solid-phase cold storage system for improving cold energy quality according to claim 3, characterized in that: A packed bed cold storage inlet control valve (203) is installed on the pipeline between the solid packed bed (204) and the evaporator (202), and a cold storage fan inlet control valve (205) and a cold storage fan outlet control valve (207) are respectively installed on the pipelines on both sides of the cold storage fan (206).

Images