Equipment and method for testing sound insulation performance of composite material for living cabin

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of sound insulation testing, in particular to equipment and a method for testing sound insulation performance of a composite material for a living cabin. Comprising a supporting frame, a testing box, a receiver, a sound box, a sound insulation plate, an adjusting mechanism, a positioning mechanism, a pressing mechanism, a limiting mechanism and the like. A testing box is arranged on the supporting frame and provided with a putting-in opening, a receiver and a sound box are arranged at the two ends of the testing box respectively, a sound insulation plate is arranged in the testing box, and a testing opening is formed in the middle of the sound insulation plate. An adjusting mechanism used for adjusting the placement space of the composite material, a positioning mechanism used for positioning the composite material and a limiting mechanism used for limiting the movement of the composite material are arranged in the test box. According to the invention, through coordination and cooperation of all the mechanisms, accurate adaptation and stable fixation of composite materials with different sizes are realized, in the testing process, the composite materials can be automatically centered and positioned and tightly attached to a sound insulation board testing opening, offset errors are effectively eliminated, and the integrity of a sound wave transmission path is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of sound insulation testing, and in particular to a device and method for testing the sound insulation performance of composite materials for living cabins. Background Art

[0002] In modern construction, transportation, aerospace and other fields, composite materials have been widely used in the construction of living cabins due to their remarkable properties such as light weight, high strength and multifunctionality. In these application scenarios, sound insulation performance has become a key indicator for measuring the quality and application effectiveness of composite materials. It is directly related to the comfort and functionality of the acoustic environment in the living cabin.

[0003] With the diversification of composite materials in living cabins, their sizes vary. The existing fixture test cavity is fixed and can only adapt to materials within a specific size range. When encountering materials that are outside or smaller than this range, it cannot be effectively fixed, resulting in frequent equipment replacement or manual structure adjustment during the test process, which is complicated and inefficient. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing fixture test cavity fixation, the present invention provides a sound insulation performance testing device and method for composite materials used in living cabins.

[0005] The technical solution is as follows: A device and method for testing the sound insulation performance of composite materials for living cabins, including a support frame, a test box, a receiver, a speaker, a sound insulation board, an adjustment mechanism, a positioning mechanism, a pressing mechanism, a limiting mechanism, an ejection mechanism and an opening and closing mechanism. The support frame is provided with a test box, the test box is provided with an entrance, a receiver and a speaker are provided at both ends of the test box, a sound insulation board is provided inside the test box, a test port is provided in the middle of the sound insulation board, an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the placement space of the composite material, a positioning mechanism for positioning the composite material and a limiting mechanism for limiting the movement of the composite material are provided inside the test box, a pressing mechanism for pressing the composite material is provided on the adjustment mechanism, an ejection mechanism for ejecting the composite material is provided at the bottom of the test box, and an opening and closing mechanism is connected between the positioning mechanism and the ejection mechanism.

[0006] Furthermore, the adjustment mechanism includes a first motor, a gear, a rack, a bottom adjustment frame, a side adjustment plate and a belt transmission mechanism. The first motor is installed on the upper and lower sides of the test box. Two gears are rotatably provided on the upper and lower sides of the test box. The two upper gears and the two lower gears are connected by a belt transmission mechanism. The upper first motor is connected to a gear on the upper side, and the lower first motor is connected to a gear on the lower side. A plurality of racks are slidingly provided on the test box, and the four gears are respectively engaged with the four racks. A bottom adjustment frame is provided on the lower rack, and a side adjustment plate is provided on the upper rack.

[0007] Furthermore, the positioning mechanism includes a fixed frame, a first movable rod, a first elastic member and a positioning frame. Two fixed frames are provided on the upper side of the test box. The two fixed frames are slidably connected to the first movable rod, the first movable rod is connected to the positioning frame, and a first elastic member is sleeved on the outside of the first movable rod. The first elastic member connects the fixed frame and the positioning frame. The upper sides of the two positioning frames are inclined inward.

[0008] Furthermore, the clamping mechanism includes a second movable rod, a clamping plate and a second elastic member. The second movable rod is slidably provided on the bottom adjustment frame, the second movable rod is connected to the clamping plate, a second elastic member is wrapped around the outside of the second movable rod, the second elastic member connects the bottom adjustment frame and the clamping plate, and the upper end of the clamping plate is inclined away from the sound insulation board.

[0009] Furthermore, the limiting mechanism includes a fixed seat, a cylinder, a limiting plate and a first guide rod. A fixed seat is provided inside the test box, and a cylinder is installed on the fixed seat. The piston of the cylinder is connected to the limiting plate. Two first guide rods are provided on the limiting plate, and the two first guide rods are both slidably connected to the fixed seat.

[0010] Furthermore, the ejection mechanism includes a mounting frame, a second motor, a threaded rod, a movable plate, a top plate and a guide seat. The mounting frame and the guide seat are provided at the bottom of the test box. The second motor is installed on the mounting frame. The threaded rod is rotatably provided on the mounting frame. The output shaft of the second motor is connected to the threaded rod. The threaded rod is threadedly connected to the movable plate. The movable plate is provided with a top plate, and the top plate is slidably connected to the guide seat.

[0011] Furthermore, the opening and closing mechanism includes a movable frame, an opening and closing frame and a second guide rod. The movable frame is provided at the bottom of the movable plate, and the upper sides of both ends of the movable frame are inclined. Second guide rods are provided at both ends of the outer side of the test box. The opening and closing frame is slidably provided on the second guide rod. One end of the opening and closing frame is connected to the positioning frame, and the other end contacts the inclined part of the movable frame.

[0012] A method for using a sound insulation performance testing device for composite materials used in living cabins:

[0013] S1: Start the first motors on the upper and lower sides, and drive the racks to move through the gear and belt transmission mechanism to adjust the placement space of the composite materials in the test chamber to accommodate composite materials of different sizes and specifications. According to the thickness of the composite materials, start the cylinder to push the limit plate to move. The limit plate and the sound insulation board form a vertical channel, limiting the composite materials to move only in the vertical direction to prevent deflection.

[0014] S2: Push the composite material into the test chamber through the insertion port. The upper inclined structure of the positioning mechanism guides the material between the two positioning frames. The positioning frames automatically adjust their positions under the action of the first elastic member to center the composite material. The composite material contacts and presses the compression plate of the compression mechanism. The upper inclined structure of the compression plate facilitates the sliding of the material. The compression plate compresses the second elastic member, causing the composite material to cling to the sound insulation board and completely cover the test port, creating a sealed test environment.

[0015] S3: The speaker is activated to emit a sound signal, which is received by the receiver after passing through the composite material. The sound signal data collected by the receiver is used to evaluate the sound insulation performance of the composite material.

[0016] S4: Start the second motor to drive the threaded rod to rotate, driving the movable plate and the top plate to rise vertically along the guide seat. The top plate ejects the composite material from the test box to facilitate the operator to take it out. When the ejection mechanism is working, the inclined part of the movable frame squeezes the opening and closing frame, driving the positioning frame to move outward, realizing the synchronous opening and closing of the positioning frame and the automatic ejection of the composite material, thereby improving the convenience of operation.

[0017] Beneficial effects of the present invention: 1. The present invention achieves precise adaptation and stable fixation of composite materials of different sizes through the coordination and cooperation of various mechanisms. During the test process, the composite material can be automatically centered and tightly fitted to the test port of the sound insulation board, effectively eliminating offset errors, ensuring the integrity of the sound wave transmission path, and significantly improving the accuracy and consistency of the sound insulation performance test.

[0018] 2. The present invention automatically fixes the composite material during the insertion process through the design of the pressing mechanism. The ejection mechanism and the opening and closing mechanism are designed to automatically eject the composite material after the test is completed, and the positioning mechanism is automatically opened during the ejection process, simplifying the fixing operation process and making the operation easier. Even non-professionals can quickly master it, reducing the situation of test failure or repeated testing due to improper operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 2 is a cross-sectional view of the test box of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the sound insulation board, adjustment mechanism and positioning mechanism of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the adjustment mechanism of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the positioning mechanism of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the pressing mechanism of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the limiting mechanism of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the ejection mechanism of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the movable plate, movable frame and opening and closing frame of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the opening and closing mechanism of the present invention.

[0029] Explanation of reference numerals: 1: support frame, 2: test box, 21: entrance, 3: receiver, 4: speaker, 5: sound insulation board, 51: test port, 6: adjustment mechanism, 61: first motor, 62: gear, 63: rack, 64: bottom adjustment frame, 65: side adjustment plate, 66: belt transmission mechanism, 7: positioning mechanism, 71: fixing frame, 72: first moving rod, 73: first elastic member, 74: positioning frame, 8: pressing mechanism, 81: Second moving rod, 82: Pressing plate, 83: Second elastic member, 9: Limiting mechanism, 91: Fixed seat, 92: Cylinder, 93: Limiting plate, 94: First guide rod, 10: Ejection mechanism, 101: Mounting frame, 102: Second motor, 103: Threaded rod, 104: Moving plate, 105: Ejector plate, 106: Guide seat, 11: Opening and closing mechanism, 111: Moving frame, 112: Opening and closing frame, 113: Second guide rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which presently preferred embodiments of the invention are shown. However, the invention can be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided for thoroughness and completeness, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

[0031] Example 1: A device and method for testing the sound insulation performance of composite materials for living cabins, such as Figure 1-Figure 3As shown, it includes a support frame 1, a test box 2, an inlet 21, a receiver 3, a speaker 4, a sound insulation board 5, a test port 51, an adjusting mechanism 6, a positioning mechanism 7, a pressing mechanism 8, a limiting mechanism 9, an ejection mechanism 10 and an opening and closing mechanism 11. The support frame 1 is provided with a test box 2, the test box 2 is provided with an inlet 21, and a receiver 3 and a speaker 4 are provided at both ends of the test box 2. The speaker 4 is used to emit sound, and the receiver 3 receives the sound after sound insulation by the composite material. The test box 2 is provided with a sound insulation board 5, and a test port 51 is provided in the middle of the sound insulation board 5. The test box 2 is provided with an adjusting mechanism 6 for adjusting the placement space of the composite material, a positioning mechanism 7 for positioning the composite material and a limiting mechanism 9 for limiting the movement of the composite material. The adjusting mechanism 6 is provided with a pressing mechanism 8 for pressing the composite material. The bottom of the test box 2 is provided with an ejection mechanism 10 for ejecting the composite material, and an opening and closing mechanism 11 is connected between the positioning mechanism 7 and the ejection mechanism 10.

[0032] During the test, the placement space of the composite material in the test box 2 is first changed by adjusting the mechanism 6 to adapt to composite materials of different sizes. Then, the limiting mechanism 9 is adjusted according to the thickness of the composite material, and then the composite material is placed into the test box 2 through the insertion port 21. During the insertion process, the positioning mechanism 7 will position the composite material so that it is in the center of the insertion port 21. The limiting mechanism 9 limits the movement of the composite material so that it does not deflect. During the insertion process, the composite material will contact and squeeze the clamping mechanism 8. The clamping mechanism 8 fixes the composite material so that it is close to the sound insulation board 5 and completely covers the test port 51, forming a good sound insulation test environment. At this time, the speaker 4 starts and emits a sound signal. After passing through the composite material, the receiver 3 receives the sound signal after the composite material sound insulation treatment. By analyzing the received sound signal, the sound insulation performance of the composite material can be tested.

[0033] like Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the adjustment mechanism 6 includes a first motor 61, a gear 62, a rack 63, a bottom adjustment frame 64, a side adjustment plate 65 and a belt transmission mechanism 66. The first motor 61 is installed on the upper and lower sides of the test box 2. Two gears 62 are rotatably provided on the upper and lower sides of the test box 2. The two upper gears 62 and the two lower gears 62 are connected by a belt transmission mechanism 66. The upper first motor 61 is connected to an upper gear 62, and the lower first motor 61 is connected to a lower gear 62. A plurality of racks 63 are slidably provided on the test box 2. The four gears 62 are respectively engaged with the four racks 63. The lower rack 63 is provided with a bottom adjustment frame 64, and the upper rack 63 is provided with a side adjustment plate 65. The first motor 61 drives the gear 62 to rotate, and the other gear 62 on the upper or lower side rotates synchronously through the belt transmission mechanism 66, thereby driving the rack 63 to move, and the bottom adjustment frame 64 on the lower rack 63 and the side adjustment plate 65 on the upper rack 63 move accordingly, ultimately allowing the bottom adjustment frame 64 to contact the bottom and side of the composite material, and the side adjustment plate 65 to contact the side of the composite material, thereby changing the placement space of the composite material in the test box 2 to meet the testing needs of composite materials of different sizes and specifications.

[0034] like Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the positioning mechanism 7 includes a fixed frame 71, a first movable rod 72, a first elastic member 73, and a positioning frame 74. Two fixed frames 71 are provided on the upper side of the test box 2. The first movable rod 72 is slidably connected to each fixed frame 71. The first movable rod 72 is connected to the positioning frame 74. The first elastic member 73 is sleeved on the outer side of the first movable rod 72. The first elastic member 73 connects the fixed frame 71 and the positioning frame 74. The upper sides of the two positioning frames 74 are tilted inward. When the composite material is placed, the inward tilted upper structure guides the composite material between the two positioning frames 74. The first elastic member 73 provides a buffer and a force to keep the composite material in the center of the insertion port 21, ensuring the accuracy of the placement.

[0035] like Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, the clamping mechanism 8 includes a second movable rod 81, a clamping plate 82, and a second elastic member 83. The second movable rod 81 is slidably mounted on the bottom adjustment frame 64 and connected to the clamping plate 82. A second elastic member 83 is wound around the outside of the second movable rod 81, connecting the bottom adjustment frame 64 and the clamping plate 82. The upper end of the clamping plate 82 is tilted away from the sound insulation board 5. During the insertion of the composite material, the tilted structure of the upper end of the clamping plate 82 facilitates the composite material to press against the clamping plate 82. The second elastic member 83 is compressed, generating a compressive force that secures the composite material against the sound insulation board 5 and completely covers the test port 51. This ensures a tight seal between the composite material and the sound insulation board 5 during testing, thus guaranteeing the effectiveness of the sound insulation performance test.

[0036] like Figure 3 and Figure 7 As shown, the limiting mechanism 9 includes a fixed seat 91, a cylinder 92, a limiting plate 93, and a first guide rod 94. The test chamber 2 is provided with a fixed seat 91, on which is mounted a cylinder 92. The piston of cylinder 92 is connected to the limiting plate 93. The limiting plate 93 is provided with two first guide rods 94, both of which are slidably connected to the fixed seat 91. The cylinder 92 is activated to move the limiting plate 93 according to the thickness of the composite material. The guidance of the first guide rods 94 ensures the stability of the movement of the limiting plate 93. The limiting plate 93 and the sound insulation board 5 form a movement channel, which allows the composite material to move only vertically downward, thus ensuring that the composite material does not deflect during movement and maintains the positional stability of the composite material during movement.

[0037] like Figure 3 and Figure 8 As shown, the ejection mechanism 10 includes a mounting frame 101, a second motor 102, a threaded rod 103, a movable plate 104, a top plate 105, and a guide seat 106. The mounting frame 101 and the guide seat 106 are provided at the bottom of the test box 2. The second motor 102 is mounted on the mounting frame 101. The threaded rod 103 is rotatably provided on the mounting frame 101. The output shaft of the second motor 102 is connected to the threaded rod 103. The movable plate 104 is threadedly connected to the threaded rod 103. The movable plate 104 is provided with a top plate 105, which is slidably connected to the guide seat 106. After the test is completed, the second motor 102 is started to drive the threaded rod 103 to rotate, thereby driving the movable plate 104 and the top plate 105 to move. Under the guidance of the guide seat 106, the top plate 105 ejects the composite material from the test box 2, making it easy to remove the tested composite material and improving the convenience of the test operation.

[0038] like Figure 3 、 Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the opening and closing mechanism 11 includes a movable frame 111, an opening and closing frame 112, and a second guide rod 113. The movable frame 111 is provided at the bottom of the movable plate 104, and the upper sides of the two ends of the movable frame 111 are inclined. The second guide rod 113 is provided at both ends of the outer side of the test box 2. The opening and closing frame 112 is slidably provided on the second guide rod 113. One end of the opening and closing frame 112 is connected to the positioning frame 74, and the other end contacts the inclined portion of the movable frame 111. When the ejection mechanism 10 is in operation, the movable plate 104 drives the movable frame 111 to move. The inclined portion of the movable frame 111 presses the opening and closing frame 112, and the opening and closing frame 112 slides on the second guide rod 113, thereby driving the positioning frame 74 to move, realizing the opening and closing of the positioning mechanism 7. In cooperation with the ejection mechanism 10, the tested composite material can be smoothly removed, thereby improving the automation level of the equipment and the convenience of operation.

[0039] Example 2: A method for using a device for testing the sound insulation performance of composite materials for living cabins:

[0040] S1: Start the first motors 61 on the upper and lower sides of the test box 2, and drive the rack 63 to move through the gear 62 and the belt transmission mechanism 66, so as to adjust the placement space of the composite material in the test box 2 to accommodate composite materials of different sizes and specifications; according to the thickness of the composite material, start the cylinder 92 to push the limit plate 93 to move. The limit plate 93 and the sound insulation board 5 form a vertical channel, limiting the composite material to move only in the vertical direction, preventing it from deflecting during movement and avoiding equipment jamming;

[0041] S2: The composite material is pushed into the test chamber 2 through the insertion port 21. The upper inclined structure of the positioning mechanism 7 guides the material between the two positioning frames 74. The positioning frames 74 automatically adjust their positions under the action of the first elastic member 73 to center the composite material. The composite material contacts and presses the pressing plate 82 of the pressing mechanism 8. The upper inclined structure of the pressing plate 82 facilitates the sliding of the material. The pressing plate 82 compresses the second elastic member 83, causing the composite material to cling to the sound insulation board 5 and completely cover the test port 51, forming a sealed test environment.

[0042] S3: The speaker 4 is activated to emit a sound signal. The signal passes through the composite material and is received by the receiver 3. The sound signal data collected by the receiver 3 is used to evaluate the sound insulation performance of the composite material.

[0043] S4: Start the second motor 102, which drives the threaded rod 103 to rotate. The threaded rod 103 drives the movable plate 104 and the top plate 105 to rise vertically along the guide seat 106. The top plate 105 ejects the composite material from the test box 2, making it easier for the operator to take it out. When the ejection mechanism 10 is working, the inclined part of the movable frame 111 squeezes the opening and closing frame 112, driving the positioning frame 74 to move outward, thereby realizing the synchronous opening and closing of the positioning frame 74 and the automatic ejection of the composite material, thereby improving the convenience of operation.

[0044] It should be understood that the above description is only for illustrative purposes and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that variations of the present invention will fall within the scope of the claims herein.

Claims

1. A device and method for testing the sound insulation performance of composite materials for living cabins, comprising a support frame (1), a test box (2), a receiver (3) and a speaker (4), wherein the support frame (1) is provided with a test box (2), the test box (2) is provided with an entrance (21), and the two ends of the test box (2) are provided with a receiver (3) and a speaker (4), respectively, characterized in that: The test box (2) further comprises a sound insulation board (5), an adjustment mechanism (6), a positioning mechanism (7), a pressing mechanism (8), a limiting mechanism (9), an ejection mechanism (10) and an opening and closing mechanism (11). The sound insulation board (5) is provided inside the test box (2), a test port (51) is provided in the middle of the sound insulation board (5), an adjustment mechanism (6) for adjusting the placement space of the composite material, a positioning mechanism (7) for positioning the composite material and a limiting mechanism (9) for limiting the movement of the composite material are provided inside the test box (2), a pressing mechanism (8) for pressing the composite material is provided on the adjustment mechanism (6), an ejection mechanism (10) for ejecting the composite material is provided at the bottom of the test box (2), and an opening and closing mechanism (11) is connected between the positioning mechanism (7) and the ejection mechanism (10).

2. The device and method for testing the sound insulation performance of composite materials for living cabins according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting mechanism (6) comprises a first motor (61), a gear (62), a rack (63), a bottom adjusting frame (64), a side adjusting plate (65) and a belt transmission mechanism (66). The first motor (61) is installed on both the upper and lower sides of the test box (2). Two gears (62) are rotatably provided on both the upper and lower sides of the test box (2). The two upper gears (62) and the two lower gears (62) are connected by a belt transmission mechanism (66). The upper first motor (61) is connected to a gear (62) on the upper side, and the lower first motor (61) is connected to a gear (62) on the lower side. A plurality of racks (63) are slidably provided on the test box (2). Four gears (62) are respectively engaged with four racks (63). A bottom adjusting frame (64) is provided on the lower rack (63), and a side adjusting plate (65) is provided on the upper rack (63).

3. The device and method for testing the sound insulation performance of composite materials for living cabins according to claim 2, characterized in that: The positioning mechanism (7) comprises a fixed frame (71), a first moving rod (72), a first elastic member (73) and a positioning frame (74). Two fixed frames (71) are provided on the upper side of the test box (2). The first moving rod (72) is slidably connected to the two fixed frames (71). The first moving rod (72) is connected to the positioning frame (74). The first elastic member (73) is sleeved on the outer side of the first moving rod (72). The first elastic member (73) connects the fixed frame (71) and the positioning frame (74). The upper sides of the two positioning frames (74) are inclined inward.

4. The device and method for testing the sound insulation performance of composite materials for living cabins according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pressing mechanism (8) includes a second moving rod (81), a pressing plate (82) and a second elastic member (83). The second moving rod (81) is slidably provided on the bottom adjustment frame (64). The second moving rod (81) is connected to the pressing plate (82). A second elastic member (83) is wound around the outer side of the second moving rod (81). The second elastic member (83) connects the bottom adjustment frame (64) and the pressing plate (82). The upper end of the pressing plate (82) is inclined away from the sound insulation board (5).

5. The device and method for testing the sound insulation performance of composite materials for living cabins according to claim 4, characterized in that: The limiting mechanism (9) comprises a fixing seat (91), a cylinder (92), a limiting plate (93) and a first guide rod (94). The fixing seat (91) is provided inside the test box (2). The cylinder (92) is installed on the fixing seat (91). The piston of the cylinder (92) is connected to the limiting plate (93). Two first guide rods (94) are provided on the limiting plate (93). The two first guide rods (94) are both slidably connected to the fixing seat (91).

6. The device and method for testing the sound insulation performance of composite materials for living cabins according to claim 5, characterized in that: The ejection mechanism (10) comprises a mounting frame (101), a second motor (102), a threaded rod (103), a movable plate (104), a top plate (105) and a guide seat (106). The bottom of the test box (2) is provided with the mounting frame (101) and the guide seat (106). The second motor (102) is mounted on the mounting frame (101). The threaded rod (103) is rotatably provided on the mounting frame (101). The output shaft of the second motor (102) is connected to the threaded rod (103). The movable plate (104) is threadedly connected to the threaded rod (103). The movable plate (104) is provided with a top plate (105). The top plate (105) is slidably connected to the guide seat (106).

7. The device and method for testing the sound insulation performance of composite materials for living cabins according to claim 6, characterized in that: The opening and closing mechanism (11) comprises a movable frame (111), an opening and closing frame (112) and a second guide rod (113). The movable frame (111) is provided at the bottom of the movable plate (104). The upper sides of both ends of the movable frame (111) are inclined. The second guide rods (113) are provided at both ends of the outer side of the test box (2). The opening and closing frame (112) is slidably provided on the second guide rod (113). One end of the opening and closing frame (112) is connected to the positioning frame (74), and the other end contacts the inclined part of the movable frame (111).

8. The device and method for testing the sound insulation performance of composite materials for living cabins according to claims 1-7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Start the first motors (61) on the upper and lower sides, and drive the rack (63) to move through the gear (62) and the belt transmission mechanism (66), so as to adjust the placement space of the composite material in the test box (2) to accommodate composite materials of different sizes; according to the thickness of the composite material, start the cylinder (92) to push the limit plate (93) to move, and the limit plate (93) and the sound insulation board (5) form a vertical channel, so as to limit the composite material to move only in the vertical direction and prevent deflection; S2: Push the composite material into the test box (2) through the inlet (21), and use the upper inclined structure of the positioning mechanism (7) to guide the material into between the two positioning frames (74). The positioning frames (74) automatically adjust their positions under the action of the first elastic member (73) to center the composite material. The composite material contacts and presses the pressing plate (82) of the pressing mechanism (8), and the upper inclined structure of the pressing plate facilitates the sliding of the material. The pressing plate (82) compresses the second elastic member (83) so that the composite material is tightly attached to the sound insulation board (5) and completely covers the test port (51), thereby forming a sealed test environment. S3: starting the speaker (4) to emit a sound signal, which passes through the composite material and is received by the receiver (3), and evaluating the sound insulation performance of the composite material through the sound signal data collected by the receiver (3); S4: The second motor (102) is started to drive the threaded rod (103) to rotate, thereby driving the movable plate (104) and the top plate (105) to rise vertically along the guide seat (106). The top plate (105) ejects the composite material from the test box (2), making it easy for the operator to take it out. When the ejection mechanism (10) is working, the inclined part of the movable frame (111) squeezes the opening and closing frame (112), driving the positioning frame (74) to move outward, thereby achieving synchronous opening and closing of the positioning frame (74) and automatic ejection of the composite material, thereby improving the convenience of operation.

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