Plateau agricultural non-point source water pollution detection device and method

Abstract

The application relates to a plateau agricultural non-point source water pollution detection device and method, and belongs to the technical field of water pollution detection, which aims to solve the problem that filter membranes are prone to accumulate silt during sampling in the prior art. The plateau agricultural non-point source water pollution detection device comprises a detection shell, a sampling channel, a transition channel, a sampler and a water quality data detection probe assembly. The sampling channel is inserted in the detection shell, the inlet and the outlet of the sampling channel are in communication with the outside, valves are arranged at the inlet and the outlet of the sampling channel, a plurality of sampling holes are arranged in the bottom region of the sampling channel, and a filter membrane is attached in the sampling channel and covers the sampling holes. The transition channel is connected to the sampling channel and located below the sampling holes, a valve is arranged at the inlet of the transition channel, and the sampler is arranged below the transition channel. The plateau agricultural non-point source water pollution detection device can reduce the risk of silt accumulation on the filter membrane and ensure the working reliability of the detection device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of water pollution detection technology, and specifically relates to a device and method for detecting non-point source water pollution in plateau agriculture. Background Technology

[0002] In monitoring non-point source water pollution in plateau agriculture, the surge in sediment content in rivers after rainfall is a key challenge leading to the failure of detection devices. Existing water pollution detection devices face a technical bottleneck in dealing with such conditions: severe sediment buildup on the filter membrane surface. This is partly due to the fact that many existing devices employ dead-end filtration designs, with the water flow direction perpendicular to the filter membrane surface (e.g., straight pipes or planar filter membrane installations). When the sediment content in the water body rises sharply after rainfall (e.g., exceeding 1000 mg / L), sediment particles directly impact the filter membrane and deposit, forming a dense filter cake layer. This accumulation not only significantly reduces filtration efficiency but also leads to insufficient water sample collection, affecting the accuracy of subsequent water quality parameter detection. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Based on the above analysis, the embodiments of the present invention aim to provide a device and method for detecting non-point source water pollution in plateau agriculture, so as to solve the problem of sediment accumulation on the surface of filter membranes in the prior art.

[0004] The objective of this invention is achieved as follows:

[0005] On the one hand, a device for detecting non-point source water pollution in plateau agriculture is provided, comprising:

[0006] Inspect the casing;

[0007] A sampling channel is inserted inside the detection housing. The inlet and outlet of the sampling channel are connected to the outside. Valves are provided at both the inlet and outlet of the sampling channel. Multiple sampling holes are provided at the bottom area of ​​the sampling channel. A filter membrane is also attached inside the sampling channel, and the filter membrane covers the outside of the sampling holes.

[0008] A transition channel is connected to the sampling channel and located below the sampling hole, and a valve is provided at the inlet of the transition channel;

[0009] A sampler is positioned below the transition channel;

[0010] A water quality data detection probe assembly is configured to detect water quality data of a water sample in the sampler.

[0011] Furthermore, part of the sampling channel has a frustum-shaped structure, and the sampling hole is located in the frustum-shaped structure region of the sampling channel. The cross-section of the frustum-shaped structure near the inlet of the sampling channel is larger than the cross-section of the frustum-shaped structure away from the inlet of the sampling channel. The filter membrane is attached to the inner wall of the frustum-shaped structure of the sampling channel, so that the filter membrane has an impact angle with the water flow direction of the sampling channel.

[0012] Furthermore, the sampler includes multiple samplers, all of which are slidably connected to the sample track. A transfer mechanism is also provided on one side of the sample track, which is used to move the sampler into or out of the transition channel.

[0013] Furthermore, the material transfer mechanism includes a material transfer track, a material transfer drive seat, a material transfer telescopic motor, and material transfer grippers. The material transfer track is arranged parallel to the sample track. The material transfer drive seat is driven and connected to the material transfer track. The material transfer telescopic motor is connected to the material transfer drive seat. The material transfer grippers are connected to the telescopic end of the material transfer telescopic motor.

[0014] Furthermore, the sampler includes a rectangular box structure with an open top, and the open top of the sampler is provided with a sliding cover that can be opened and closed; the sliding cover is connected to a first opening and closing mechanism.

[0015] Furthermore, the first opening and closing mechanism is located outside one end of the sampler. The first opening and closing mechanism is used to push the sliding cover to move a predetermined distance on the sampler, so that the sampler opens; the sliding cover is reset by a spring, so that the sampler closes.

[0016] Furthermore, the sampler is placed horizontally on the sample track, and a slide bar is provided on the top side wall of the sampler. The sliding cover is slidably connected to the slide bar and slides along the length direction of the sampler. Connecting ears are provided on both side walls at both ends of the sliding cover and on both side walls at both ends of the sampler. The connecting ears on the sliding cover and the connecting ears on the sampler are at a predetermined horizontal distance. A spring is connected to two adjacent connecting ears on the same side of the sliding cover and the sampler, and the spring is inclined to the sliding cover.

[0017] Furthermore, the first opening and closing mechanism includes a first elliptical disk, an input pipe, and a first opening and closing motor. The drive shaft of the first opening and closing motor is connected to the first elliptical disk. The input pipe is connected to the first elliptical disk and is located on the major axis of the first elliptical disk and adjacent to the edge curve of the first elliptical disk. The edge curve corresponding to the minor axis of the first elliptical disk is close to one end of the sliding cover, and the edge curve corresponding to the major axis of the first elliptical disk is located on the opening of the sampler.

[0018] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0019] The second elliptical disk and the second opening and closing motor are spaced apart from the first opening and closing mechanism and located on the same side of the sampler. The second opening and closing motor is driven and connected to the second elliptical disk. A detection hole is provided on the major axis of the second elliptical disk and adjacent to the edge curve of the second elliptical disk so that the water quality data detection probe assembly can pass through to detect the water quality data of the water sample in the sampler.

[0020] The detection lifting mechanism is mounted on the second elliptical disk and connected to the water quality data detection probe assembly.

[0021] Furthermore, a cleaning water tank is provided on one side of the second elliptical disk, and an L-shaped cleaning pipe extends from the cleaning water tank. The major axis of the second elliptical disk can rotate to a position directly opposite the longitudinal pipe of the cleaning pipe. The longitudinal pipe of the cleaning pipe has an opening, and a sealing cover is provided on the opening. The sealing cover is slidably connected to the longitudinal pipe of the cleaning pipe. An elastic element is provided between the sealing cover and the cleaning water tank. The elastic element is connected to the sealing cover and the cleaning water tank respectively. When the second elliptical disk rotates, it can move the detection hole from the sampler to the opening on the longitudinal pipe, and at the same time push the sealing cover to move and expose the opening on the longitudinal pipe. A water pump is provided in the cleaning water tank. The water pump is used to pump water from the cleaning water tank into the cleaning pipe and circulate water from the cleaning pipe into the cleaning water tank.

[0022] Furthermore, it also includes a filter membrane replacement mechanism for replacing the filter membrane in the sampling channel.

[0023] On the one hand, this application also provides a method for detecting non-point source water pollution in plateau agriculture, using the aforementioned plateau agricultural non-point source water pollution detection device to detect non-point source water pollution in plateau agriculture; the detection method includes the following steps:

[0024] Open the valves at the inlet and outlet of the sampling channel. The water to be tested flows into the sampling channel through the inlet and forms a flow state within the channel.

[0025] When water flows through the sampling hole, the water penetrates the filter membrane and enters the sampling hole under the action of pressure difference;

[0026] The filtered water sample enters the transition channel through the sampling hole and flows into the sampler below under the action of gravity or negative pressure to complete the water sample collection. Then the transition channel valve is closed.

[0027] Compared with existing technologies, the plateau agricultural non-point source water pollution detection device and method provided by this invention can achieve at least the following beneficial effects: A sampling channel is inserted within the detection housing, and valves at its inlet and outlet control the flow of water. When the inlet valve is open, the water to be tested flows into the sampling channel, forming a flow state within it; the outlet valve can remain open during sampling to discharge unfiltered water, or close after sampling. Multiple sampling holes are provided at the bottom of the sampling channel, and a filter membrane is attached inside the sampling channel and covers the outside of the sampling holes. When water flows through the sampling holes, the water penetrates the filter membrane under pressure difference and enters the sampling holes, while large impurities such as silt and suspended particles are intercepted by the filter membrane and continue to flow with the main stream out of the outlet, achieving solid-liquid separation. The filtered water sample enters the transition channel through the sampling holes, and a valve at the inlet of the transition channel controls the timing of water sample entry. When sample collection is required, the transition channel valve is opened, and the water sample flows into the sampler below under gravity or negative pressure; the valve is closed after sampling. By covering the sampling holes with a filter membrane, the water flow remains continuous within the sampling channel (non-vertical impact on the filter membrane), forming a shear force parallel to the filter membrane surface. This effectively removes sediment particles deposited on the filter membrane surface, reducing the risk of filter cake formation. It can effectively intercept impurities such as sediment in the water. Compared with traditional dead-end filtration, the sediment deposition rate on the filter membrane surface is reduced, the filtration flux is stable, and the reliability of the detection device is guaranteed. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this specification or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the embodiments of this specification. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0029] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the plateau agricultural non-point source water pollution detection device provided by the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0030] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the plateau agricultural non-point source water pollution detection device provided by the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0031] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the sampler and its opening and closing mechanism provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the plateau agricultural non-point source water pollution detection device provided by the present invention Figure 3 ;

[0033] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified schematic diagram of a portion of region A in the middle;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the filter membrane replacement mechanism provided by the present invention (the frustum-shaped structure on the sampling channel is not hidden);

[0035] Figure 7 A side view structural schematic diagram of the filter membrane replacement mechanism provided by the present invention (the frustum-shaped structure on the sampling channel is not hidden);

[0036] Figure 8 for Figure 6 A magnified schematic diagram of a portion of region B in the middle;

[0037] Figure 9 A frontal view of the filter membrane replacement mechanism provided by the present invention (the frustum-shaped structure on the sampling channel is not hidden);

[0038] Figure 10 for Figure 9 A magnified schematic diagram of a portion of region C in the middle;

[0039] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the structure provided by the present invention, showing how the connecting strip moves to the middle position of the adhesive plate for connection;

[0040] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adhesive sheet and the metal elastic sheet provided by the present invention.

[0041] Figure label:

[0042] 10. Inspect the housing; 11. Install the column; 12. Telescopic boom; 13. Vertical telescopic boom; 14. Counterweight;

[0043] 20. Sampling channel; 21. Frustum-shaped structure; 22. Transition channel;

[0044] 30. Sampler; 31. Sample track; 32. Transfer mechanism; 321. Transfer track; 322. Transfer drive seat; 323. Transfer telescopic motor; 324. Transfer gripper; 33. Sliding cover; 34. Connecting lug; 35. Spring;

[0045] 40. First elliptical disk; 41. Input pipe; 42. First start / stop motor;

[0046] 50. Second elliptical disc; 51. Second start / stop motor; 52. Detection hole; 53. Detection lifting mechanism; 54. Water quality data detection probe assembly; 55. Cleaning water tank; 56. Cleaning pipe; 57. Sealing cover; 58. Elastic element;

[0047] 60. Fixed gripper; 61. Fixed telescopic motor; 62. Slide rail; 63. Fixed motor; 64. Drive block;

[0048] 70. Hopper; 71. Adhesive strip; 72. Connecting strip; 73. Recycling bin; 74. Vertical rail; 75. Vertical drive device; 76. Screw module; 77. Side arm; 78. Push motor; 79. Push rod;

[0049] 80. Rubber sheet; 81. Metal elastic sheet. Detailed Implementation

[0050] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the implementation methods and features in the implementation methods in this disclosure can be combined, separated, interchanged, and / or rearranged. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0051] In the accompanying drawings, the dimensions and relative dimensions of components may be exaggerated for clarity and / or descriptive purposes. When exemplary embodiments can be implemented differently, a specific process sequence may be performed in a different order than that described. For example, two consecutively described processes may be performed substantially simultaneously or in the reverse order of their description. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same components.

[0052] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms “a” and “(the)” are also intended to include the plural forms. Furthermore, when the terms “comprising” and / or “including” and variations thereof are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of the stated features, integrals, steps, operations, parts, components, and / or groups thereof, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, parts, components, and / or groups thereof. It should also be noted that, as used herein, the terms “substantially,” “about,” and other similar terms are used as approximate terms rather than as terms of degree, thus explaining the inherent biases in measurements, calculated values, and / or provided values ​​that would be recognized by one of ordinary skill in the art.

[0053] A specific embodiment of the present invention, such as Figures 1 to 12 As shown, a plateau agricultural non-point source water pollution detection device is disclosed, including a detection housing 10, a sampling channel 20, a transition channel 22, a sampler 30, and a water quality data detection probe assembly 54. The sampling channel 20 is inserted within the detection housing 10, with its inlet and outlet connected to the outside. Valves are installed at both the inlet and outlet of the sampling channel 20. Multiple sampling holes are provided at the bottom of the sampling channel 20, and a filter membrane is attached inside the sampling channel 20, covering the sampling holes. The transition channel 22 is connected to the sampling channel 20 and located below the sampling holes, with a valve at its inlet. The sampler 30 is positioned below the transition channel 22. The water quality data detection probe assembly 54 is configured to detect the water quality data of the water sample in the sampler 30.

[0054] In this embodiment, the valve includes a valve motor and a valve body. The valve motor drives the valve body to move, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the sampling channel 20 and the transition channel 22.

[0055] In one alternative embodiment, the detection housing 10 has a rectangular structure, and a mounting column 11 is provided outside the detection housing 10. A telescopic arm 12 is provided on the mounting column 11, and a vertical telescopic arm 13 is connected to the telescopic arm 12 and connected to the detection housing 10. A counterweight 14 is also provided on the mounting column 11. By installing the mounting column 11 on the riverbank, the telescopic arm 12 and the vertical telescopic arm 13 are used to extend the detection housing 10 into the river for sampling.

[0056] The sampling channel 20 is inserted within the detection housing 10, and valves at its inlet and outlet control the flow of water. When the inlet valve is open, the water to be tested flows into the sampling channel 20, creating a flow state within it. The outlet valve can remain open during sampling to discharge unfiltered water, or close after sampling. Multiple sampling holes are located at the bottom of the sampling channel 20, with a filter membrane attached inside and covering the outside of the sampling holes. As water flows through the sampling holes, it penetrates the filter membrane under pressure difference, while large impurities such as sediment and suspended particles are intercepted by the membrane and continue to flow with the main stream out of the outlet, achieving solid-liquid separation. The filtered water sample enters the transition channel 22 through the sampling holes, and a valve at the inlet of the transition channel 22 controls the timing of the sample entry. Valves within the transition channel 22 can also close the transition channel 22 after sampling to prevent residual water from entering the sampling channel 20.

[0057] When sample collection is required, the valve of transition channel 22 is opened, and the water sample flows into the sampler 30 below under gravity or negative pressure; the valve is closed after sampling is completed. Through the design of the filter membrane covering the sampling holes, the water flow remains continuous within the sampling channel 20 (non-vertical impact on the filter membrane), forming a shear force parallel to the filter membrane surface. This effectively removes sediment particles deposited on the filter membrane surface, reducing the risk of filter cake formation. It can effectively intercept impurities such as sediment in the water. Compared with traditional dead-end filtration, the sediment deposition rate on the filter membrane surface is reduced, and the filtration flux is stable.

[0058] In this embodiment, a nylon filter membrane is used. Nylon filter membranes are porous membrane materials that intercept particulate impurities in the fluid through pore size sieving. When water containing sediment passes through the membrane surface, sediment particles larger than the membrane pore size are retained, while water and small particulate matter permeate through the membrane pores, thus achieving solid-liquid separation. The pore size range of nylon filter membranes is typically between 0.1 μm and 10 μm (different models are available), while the particle size of sediment particles is generally between 2 μm and 2 mm (fine sand approximately 2-100 μm, coarse sand approximately 100 μm-2 mm). Therefore, selecting a nylon membrane with a pore size smaller than the sediment particle size (such as 0.45 μm, 1 μm, 5 μm, etc.) can effectively intercept sediment. The flexibility and tear resistance of nylon membranes make them less prone to damage due to sediment friction when filtering fluids containing particles, making them suitable for long-term use.

[0059] In some embodiments, a portion of the structure of the sampling channel 20 is a frustum-shaped structure 21, and the sampling hole is located in the region of the frustum-shaped structure 21 of the sampling channel 20. The cross-section of the frustum-shaped structure 21 near the inlet of the sampling channel 20 is larger than the cross-section of the frustum-shaped structure 21 away from the inlet of the sampling channel 20. The filter membrane is attached to the inner wall of the frustum-shaped structure 21 of the sampling channel 20, so that the filter membrane and the water flow direction of the sampling channel 20 have an impact angle.

[0060] When the sampling channel 20 has a frustum-shaped structure and the filter membrane is attached to the inner wall of the frustum-shaped structure 21, water flows in from the inlet of the sampling channel 20. Because the cross-section of the frustum-shaped structure 21 is larger near the inlet and smaller further away, the velocity and direction of the water flow change during the flow, causing an impact angle between the filter membrane and the water flow direction. When the water passes through the sampling hole, under the pressure difference and the impact of the water flow, the water penetrates the filter membrane and enters the sampling hole, intercepting impurities. Simultaneously, the impact energy of the water flow enhances the scouring of impurities on the filter membrane surface.

[0061] Compared to a setup where the water flow direction is parallel to the filter membrane, an angle between the water flow direction and the filter membrane allows the water flow to impact the membrane, altering the interaction between the water flow and the membrane. The impact angle increases the force of the water flow on the membrane surface, further reducing the deposition of impurities such as sediment on the membrane surface, improving the filtration flux and lifespan of the membrane, ensuring the stability of solid-liquid separation, and enhancing the quality of water sample collection. Simultaneously, the increased flow velocity as the water passes through the narrowed channel is beneficial for water filtration.

[0062] In some embodiments, the sampler 30 includes a plurality of samplers, all of which are slidably connected to the sample track 31. A transfer mechanism 32 is also provided on one side of the sample track 31. The transfer mechanism 32 is used to move the sampler 30 into or out of the transition channel 22.

[0063] In one optional embodiment, the material transfer mechanism 32 includes a material transfer track 321, a material transfer drive seat 322, a material transfer telescopic motor 323, and a material transfer gripper 324. The material transfer track 321 is arranged parallel to the sample track 31. The material transfer drive seat 322 is driven and connected to the material transfer track 321. The material transfer telescopic motor 323 is connected to the material transfer drive seat 322. The material transfer gripper 324 is connected to the telescopic end of the material transfer telescopic motor 323.

[0064] In one optional embodiment, an interval slider is provided between two adjacent samplers 30. The interval slider is slidably connected to the sample track 31, and its function is to maintain a certain distance between adjacent samplers 30. Multiple samplers 30 are slidably connected on the sample track 31, and the transfer track 321 in the transfer mechanism 32 is parallel to the sample track 31. When sampling is required, the transfer drive seat 322 moves to a designated position on the transfer track 321, and the transfer telescopic motor 323 drives the transfer gripper 324 to extend, clamp the sampler 30 on the sample track 31, and move it below the transition channel 22 to receive the water sample. After sampling, the transfer gripper 324 moves the sampler 30 back to the designated position on the sample track 31. Therefore, multiple samplers 30 can be used in an orderly and cyclical manner, multiple water samples can be collected continuously, the water sample collection efficiency can be improved, and the collection needs of water samples at different times and locations can be met, providing sufficient water samples for comprehensive analysis of agricultural non-point source water pollution in plateau areas.

[0065] The transfer track 321 provides a moving path for the transfer drive seat 322. The transfer drive seat 322 moves on the transfer track 321, driving the connected transfer telescopic motor 323 and transfer gripper 324 to move. The transfer telescopic motor 323 controls the extension and retraction of the transfer gripper 324 to achieve the gripping and release of the sampler 30. The spacing slider maintains a certain distance between each sampler 30, which facilitates the accurate gripping of the sampler 30 by the transfer gripper 324 and avoids interference between the samplers 30.

[0066] The transfer drive base 322 has a built-in servo motor connected to a planetary gear reducer via a coupling. The reducer's output shaft is connected to the bottom drive wheels, with two sets of drive wheels symmetrically distributed at the bottom. Simultaneously, four sets of ball-bearing linear sliding bearing guide sliders are installed at the bottom edge of the transfer drive base 322 corresponding to the transfer track 321, ensuring stable movement without deviation. L-shaped anti-detachment baffles are installed on both sides of the transfer drive base 322, maintaining a predetermined gap with the track sides to prevent detachment from the transfer track 321 in abnormal circumstances.

[0067] In this embodiment, multiple positioning sensors, such as photoelectric sensors or proximity sensors, are respectively installed on the sample track 31 and the transfer track 321 to achieve position monitoring. Corresponding sensing blocks are installed on the sampler 30 and the transfer drive seat 322 to accurately determine the initial position of the sampler 30 on the sample track 31, the moving position of the transfer drive seat 322 on the transfer track 321, and the receiving position of the sampler 30 below the transition channel 22.

[0068] In one alternative embodiment, the sampler 30 includes a rectangular box structure with an open top. The sampler 30 is placed horizontally on the sample track 31. A sliding cover 33 is provided on the top of the sampler 30, and a slide bar is provided on the top side wall of the sampler 30. The sliding cover 33 is slidably connected to the slide bar and slides along the length of the sampler 30. Connecting ears 34 are provided on both side walls at both ends of the sliding cover 33 and the side walls at both ends of the sampler 30. The connecting ears 34 on the sliding cover 33 and the connecting ears 34 on the sampler 30 are at a predetermined horizontal distance. Two adjacent connecting ears 34 on the same side of the sliding cover 33 and the sampler 30 are connected to a spring 35, which is inclined to the sliding cover 33. A first opening and closing mechanism is also provided on one end of the sampler 30. The first opening and closing mechanism is used to push the sliding cover 33 to move a predetermined distance on the sampler 30, so that the sampler 30 opens.

[0069] The sliding cover 33 on the top of the sampler 30 is slidably connected to the sampler 30 via a slider, and the sliding cover 33 and the sampler 30 are connected by a spring 35. When the first opening and closing mechanism pushes the sliding cover 33, it overcomes the tension of the spring 35, and the sliding cover 33 slides a predetermined distance on the sampler 30, opening the top opening of the sampler 30 to allow water sample to flow in. After sampling, the tension of the spring 35 causes the sliding cover 33 to return to its original position, closing the opening of the sampler 30 and preventing water sample from spilling or becoming contaminated. The design of the spring 35 and the sliding cover 33 enables automatic opening and closing of the sampler 30, which is simple and reliable. During the sampling process, it effectively prevents external impurities from entering the sampler 30, ensuring the purity of the water sample. At the same time, it avoids water sample leakage during transportation and storage, ensuring the accuracy of water sample test results.

[0070] In one alternative embodiment, the first opening and closing mechanism includes a first elliptical disk 40, an input pipe 41, and a first opening and closing motor 42. The drive shaft of the first opening and closing motor 42 is connected to the first elliptical disk 40, and the input pipe 41 is connected to the first elliptical disk 40. The input pipe 41 is located on the major axis of the first elliptical disk 40 and adjacent to the edge curve of the first elliptical disk 40. The edge curve corresponding to the minor axis of the first elliptical disk 40 is close to one end of the sliding cover 33, and the edge curve corresponding to the major axis of the first elliptical disk 40 is located on the opening of the sampler 30.

[0071] When the first opening and closing motor 42 is working, it drives the first elliptical disk 40 to rotate. As the first elliptical disk 40 rotates, the edge curve corresponding to its minor axis abuts against one end of the sliding cover 33. As it rotates, the edge curve corresponding to its major axis gradually approaches the sliding cover 33, pushing the sliding cover 33 to move a predetermined distance on the sampler 30, thus opening the sampler 30. The input pipe 41 is connected to the position of the major axis of the first elliptical disk 40 adjacent to the edge curve, which can guide the water sample into the sampler 30 when it is opened. By utilizing the shape and rotational movement of the first elliptical disk 40, precise control of the sliding cover 33 of the sampler 30 is achieved, resulting in a high degree of automation.

[0072] When the input pipe 41 is aligned with the open opening of the sampler 30, the input pipe 41 and the transition channel 22 are also aligned. Open the valve on the transition channel 22 to introduce the water sample into the input channel and finally into the sampler 30. After sampling is completed, close the valve on the transition channel 22 and the remaining water sample enters the sampler 30. After sampling is completed, the sliding cover 33 on the sampler 30 closes the sampler 30.

[0073] In some optional embodiments, the detection device further includes a second elliptical disk 50, a second opening / closing motor 51, and a detection lifting mechanism 53; wherein the second elliptical disk 50 and the second opening / closing motor 51 are spaced apart from the first opening / closing mechanism and located on the same side of the sampler 30, the second opening / closing motor 51 is drivenly connected to the second elliptical disk 50, and a detection hole 52 is provided on the major axis of the second elliptical disk 50 adjacent to the edge curve of the second elliptical disk 50; the detection lifting mechanism 53 is disposed on the second elliptical disk 50; the detection lifting mechanism 53 is connected to a water quality data detection probe assembly 54, which can pass through the detection hole 52 to detect the water quality data of the water sample in the sampler 30. The second opening / closing motor 51 can drive the second elliptical disk 50 to rotate, and the water quality data detection probe assembly 54 is connected to the second elliptical disk 50 through the detection lifting mechanism 53.

[0074] When water samples need to be tested, the second elliptical disk 50 rotates to align the detection hole 52 with the sampler 30. Simultaneously, the second elliptical disk 50, operating in the same manner as the first opening and closing mechanism, pushes open the sliding cover 33 on the sampler 30, exposing the sampler 30 to the detection port. The detection lifting mechanism 53 lowers the water quality data detection probe assembly 54, which then passes through the detection hole 52 and extends into the sampler 30 to detect the water quality data. After testing, the second elliptical disk 50 rotates to remove the detection hole 52, and the water quality data detection probe assembly 54 rises back to its original position. This achieves automated water sample testing, eliminating the need for frequent manual operation of the water quality data detection probe assembly 54 and improving testing efficiency. By precisely controlling the rotation of the second elliptical disk 50 and the lifting of the water quality data detection probe assembly 54, the water quality data detection probe assembly 54 accurately and stably tests the water samples in each sampler 30, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the test data.

[0075] In one alternative embodiment, the water quality data detection probe assembly 54 includes sensors such as a pH sensor and a turbidity sensor capable of acquiring water pollution parameters. The detection lifting mechanism 53 includes a detection lifting rail and a detection lifting motor, the water quality data detection probe assembly 54 is connected to the detection lifting motor, and the water quality data detection probe assembly 54 is slidably connected to the detection lifting rail.

[0076] In one alternative embodiment, a cleaning water tank 55 is also provided on one side of the second elliptical disk 50. The cleaning water tank 55 extends an L-shaped cleaning pipe 56. The long axis of the second elliptical disk 50 can be rotated to a position facing the longitudinal pipe of the cleaning pipe 56. The longitudinal pipe of the cleaning pipe 56 has an opening, and a sealing cover 57 is provided on the opening. The sealing cover 57 is slidably connected to the longitudinal pipe of the cleaning pipe 56. An elastic member 58 is provided between the sealing cover 57 and the cleaning water tank 55. The elastic member 58 is connected to the sealing cover 57 and the cleaning water tank 55 respectively. When the second elliptical disk 50 rotates, it can move the detection hole 52 from the sampler 30 to the opening on the longitudinal pipe, and at the same time push the sealing cover 57 to move and expose the opening on the longitudinal pipe. A water pump is provided in the cleaning water tank 55. The water pump is used to pump water from the cleaning water tank 55 into the cleaning pipe 56 and circulate from the cleaning pipe 56 into the cleaning water tank 55.

[0077] When the second elliptical disk 50 rotates and the detection hole 52 moves from the sampler 30 to the opening of the longitudinal pipe of the cleaning tube 56, the second elliptical disk 50 pushes the sealing cover 57 to move against the elastic force of the elastic element 58, exposing the opening. The water pump in the cleaning water tank 55 draws water into the cleaning tube 56, and the water flows in the cleaning tube 56 to clean the detection hole 52 and the detection probe assembly. The flowing water then circulates back to the water tank.

[0078] Optionally, position sensors (such as proximity switches) are installed on the edge of the second elliptical disk 50 and next to the longitudinal pipe of the cleaning tube 56 to detect the alignment of the detection hole 52 with the opening on the longitudinal pipe of the cleaning tube 56.

[0079] After the water quality detection probe assembly completes the water sample detection in the sampler 30, the control system triggers the second start-stop motor 51 to drive the second elliptical disk 50 to rotate. When the detection hole 52 rotates with the second elliptical disk 50 to the position directly opposite the longitudinal pipe opening of the cleaning pipe 56, the position sensor sends a feedback signal to the control system, and the motor stops rotating. At this time, the long axis edge curve of the second elliptical disk 50 contacts the side of the sealing cover 57, and the radial thrust generated by the rotation of the disk overcomes the tension of the elastic element 58, pushing the sealing cover 57 to slide downward along the longitudinal pipe groove, fully exposing the opening.

[0080] The control system synchronously opens the solenoid valve of the cleaning water pipeline and starts the water pump to draw water from the cleaning water tank 55. The water flows through the flexible water pipe into the L-shaped cleaning pipe 56, flows in the longitudinal pipe, and rinses the surface of the water quality data detection probe assembly 54 to remove residual water sample impurities.

[0081] During cleaning, the edge curve corresponding to the minor axis of the second elliptical disk 50 contacts the edge of the sampler 30. At this time, the sampler 30 is controlled to leave the current position and move to the storage position.

[0082] After the preset cleaning time is completed, the control system shuts off the water pump and solenoid valve, and reverses the drive of the second start-stop motor 51 to rotate the second elliptical disk 50 away from the cleaning pipe 56. After losing the disk's thrust, the compression elastic element 58 resets, pushing the sealing cover 57 to slide and reseal the opening of the cleaning pipe 56. Simultaneously, the position sensor detects that the detection hole 52 has left the cleaning area, and the system enters standby mode, awaiting the next detection task.

[0083] In some embodiments, a magnet is also provided on the sample track 31 where the sampler 30 is located, and a magnetic element is provided at the bottom of the sampler 30 so that it can be attracted by the magnet. This ensures that the sampler 30 is difficult to slide and can only be moved by the transfer mechanism 32.

[0084] In some embodiments, a filter membrane replacement mechanism is also included for replacing the filter membrane in the sampling channel 20. Specifically, the filter membrane replacement mechanism includes fixed grippers 60 arranged on both sides of the sampling channel 20. The fixed grippers 60 are driven and connected by a fixed telescopic motor 61. Vertical slides 62 are also provided on both sides of the sampling channel 20. A fixed motor 63 is provided at the top of the sampling channel 20. The fixed motor 63 drives a drive block 64 to move on the slides 62. The fixed telescopic motor 61 is connected to the drive block 64. The frustum-shaped structure 21 on the sampling channel 20 is detachably installed. The interface between the frustum-shaped structure 21 and the sampling channel 20 is sealed with a rubber ring. After being gripped by the fixed grippers 60, the frustum-shaped structure 21 can move upward. When moving downward, it can be squeezed into the interface of the sampling channel 20 to form a complete sampling channel 20. After insertion, the fixed grippers 60 remain fixed. The rubber ring produces a sealing effect after being squeezed. The frustum-shaped structure 21 moves upward to enter the replacement position.

[0085] A hopper 70 is located in front of the replacement position, directly opposite the frustum-shaped structure 21. Two corresponding rubber strips 71 are installed on each side wall of the hopper 70, with a gap between them. A filter membrane is installed inside the hopper 70, with connecting strips 72 made of rubber on both sides of the filter membrane. The connecting strips 72 are inserted between the two rubber strips 71 on each side. Multiple sets of filter membranes are present in the hopper 70. The front and rear sides of the hopper 70 are open structures. A recovery hopper 73 is located behind the replacement position, with an opening on the side facing the replacement position.

[0086] A vertical rail 74 is provided in front of the hopper 70. A vertical drive device 75 is driven and connected to the vertical rail 74. The vertical drive device 75 can move vertically on the vertical rail 74 and has a built-in drive motor and wheel assembly. A lead screw module 76 is connected to the vertical drive device 75. The lead screw module 76 is horizontally positioned between the hopper 70 and the vertical drive device 75 and can move in directions away from and towards the hopper 70.

[0087] Side arms 77 extend to the left and right sides of the movable seat of the lead screw module 76. A push rod 79 is slidably connected to the side arm 77. The push rod 79 can slide left and right on the side arm 77. A push motor 78 is provided on the movable seat. The push motor 78 is connected to the push rod 79 through a connector and drives the push rod 79 to move relative to the side arm 77.

[0088] The movable seat is also equipped with a position sensor to detect the position of the filter membrane to be installed in the hopper 70 and control the vertical drive device 75 to drive the movable seat to move vertically, thereby moving the push rod 79 to the corresponding position of the filter membrane to be installed. The side arm 77 and the push rod 79 are respectively arranged on both sides of the movable seat, so that the movable seat can drive the push rod 79 to move horizontally. The push rod 79 pushes against the connecting strip 72 and moves, pushing the filter membrane to be installed out from the gap between the two adhesive strips 71 and leaving the hopper 70 to enter the replacement position. The replacement position has a frustum-shaped structure 21 with a sampling channel 20. Finally, the filter membrane to be installed enters the frustum-shaped structure 21 for installation.

[0089] Two rubber plates 80 are also installed on opposite sides of the inner wall of the frustum-shaped structure 21. The connecting strip 72, pushed by the push rod 79, can move into the frustum-shaped structure 21 and insert into the gap between the two rubber plates 80 on opposite sides of the inner wall. A metal elastic sheet 81 is connected to the side of the filter membrane to be installed near the hopper 70. A magnet is installed on the inner wall of the frustum-shaped structure 21 near its inlet. When the filter membrane is fully inserted into the frustum-shaped structure 21, the metal elastic sheet 81, due to its own weight and softness, sinks and connects with the magnet, causing the filter membrane to adhere to the inner wall of the frustum-shaped structure 21. Due to the impact and direction of water flow, no special settings are needed on the opposite side of the filter membrane. During installation, because the inner wall of the frustum-shaped structure 21 is inclined outwards, the moving direction of the connecting strip 72 is not parallel to the inner wall of the frustum-shaped structure 21, but rather at an angle. When the connecting strip 72 is pushed into the gap between the two plates 80, the extension direction of the connecting strip 72 needs to be aligned with the middle of the plate 80, and then the connecting strip 72 is pushed into the gap between the two plates 80. After being pushed in, the push rod 79 is moved laterally. After the two push rods 79 move and retract a distance relative to each other, the push rod 79 moves into the frustum-shaped structure 21. The push rod 79 moves to the inner side of the plate 80 and abuts against the side wall of the connecting strip 72 that is not connected to the filter membrane to be installed. Then the push rod 79 moves outward from the frustum-shaped structure 21 according to a predetermined oblique path, so that the connecting strip 72 is pushed into the gap between the plates 80 from the side. The push rod 79 moves to the end of the connecting strip 72 again and pushes the connecting strip 72 into the farthest end of the plate 80. The above side pushing steps are repeated to completely insert the connecting strip 72 into the gap between the two plates 80. As the push rod 79 pushes the connecting strip 72 to move in the rearward direction, the push rod 79 moves in coordination in four directions (front, back, left, and right) to ensure that it always abuts against the end of the connecting strip 72. The old, used filter membrane is replaced by a new one. The old filter membrane is directly pushed out of the frustum-shaped structure 21 and falls into the recovery chamber 73. After replacement, the frustum-shaped structure 21 is reset. The filter membrane can be fan-shaped. A fan-shaped filter membrane can completely fit the inner wall of the frustum-shaped structure 21. It can also be rectangular. A rectangular filter membrane only needs to ensure that the front edge of the filter membrane fits completely and covers the sampling hole. The excess area behind the filter membrane has almost no impact.

[0090] In some embodiments, a water-blocking plate is provided between the sampler 30 and the transition channel 22. The water-blocking plate has upward-protruding inlet and outlet channels, and a water pump is installed on the upper layer of the water-blocking plate. When the transition channel 22 moves upward with the frustum-shaped structure 21, residual water in the sampling channel 20 enters the upper layer of the water-blocking plate, reducing the amount of water entering the sampler 30. Alternatively, a water pump can be directly installed within the sampling channel 20 to extract residual water.

[0091] This embodiment also provides a method for detecting non-point source water pollution in plateau agriculture, using the aforementioned plateau agriculture non-point source water pollution detection device.

[0092] Specifically, the detection method for non-point source water pollution in plateau agriculture includes the following steps:

[0093] Open the valves at the inlet and outlet of sampling channel 20. The water to be tested flows into sampling channel 20 through the inlet and forms a flow state in the channel.

[0094] When water flows through the sampling hole, the water penetrates the filter membrane and enters the sampling hole under the action of pressure difference;

[0095] The filtered water sample enters the transition channel 22 through the sampling hole and flows into the sampler 30 below under the action of gravity or negative pressure, completing the water sample collection and closing the valve of the transition channel 22.

[0096] When sample collection is required, the valve of transition channel 22 is opened, and the water sample flows into the sampler 30 below under gravity or negative pressure; the valve is closed after sampling is completed. Through the design of the filter membrane covering the sampling holes, the water flow remains continuous within the sampling channel 20 (non-vertical impact on the filter membrane), forming a shear force parallel to the filter membrane surface. This effectively removes sediment particles deposited on the filter membrane surface, reducing the risk of filter cake formation. It can effectively intercept impurities such as sediment in the water. Compared with traditional dead-end filtration, the sediment deposition rate on the filter membrane surface is reduced, and the filtration flux is stable.

[0097] The above specific embodiments further illustrate the purpose, technical solution and beneficial effects of this application. It should be understood that the above are only specific embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A device for detecting non-point source water pollution in plateau agriculture, characterized in that, include: Inspect the casing; A sampling channel is inserted inside the detection housing. The inlet and outlet of the sampling channel are connected to the outside. Valves are provided at both the inlet and outlet of the sampling channel. Multiple sampling holes are provided at the bottom area of ​​the sampling channel. A filter membrane is also attached inside the sampling channel, and the filter membrane covers the outside of the sampling holes. A transition channel is connected to the sampling channel and located below the sampling hole, and a valve is provided at the inlet of the transition channel; A sampler is positioned below the transition channel; A water quality data detection probe assembly is configured to detect water quality data of a water sample in the sampler; The sampling channel has a partial structure of frustum shape, and the sampling hole is located in the frustum shape region of the sampling channel. The cross-section of the frustum shape near the inlet of the sampling channel is larger than the cross-section of the frustum shape away from the inlet of the sampling channel. The filter membrane is attached to the inner wall of the frustum shape of the sampling channel, so that the filter membrane has an impact angle with the water flow direction of the sampling channel. The sampler comprises multiple samplers, all of which are slidably connected to a sample track. A transfer mechanism is also provided on one side of the sample track. The transfer mechanism is used to move the sampler into or out of the transition channel. The transfer mechanism includes a transfer track, a transfer drive seat, a transfer telescopic motor, and transfer grippers. The transfer track is arranged parallel to the sample track. The transfer drive seat is driven and connected to the transfer track. The transfer telescopic motor is connected to the transfer drive seat. The transfer grippers are connected to the telescopic end of the transfer telescopic motor. The sampler includes a rectangular box structure with an open top. The open top of the sampler is provided with a sliding cover that can be opened and closed. The sliding cover is connected to a first opening and closing mechanism. The first opening and closing mechanism is located outside one end of the sampler and is used to push the sliding cover to move a predetermined distance on the sampler, so that the sampler opens. Also includes: The second elliptical disk and the second opening and closing motor are spaced apart from the first opening and closing mechanism and located on the same side of the sampler. The second opening and closing motor is driven and connected to the second elliptical disk. A detection hole is provided on the major axis of the second elliptical disk and adjacent to the edge curve of the second elliptical disk so that the water quality data detection probe assembly can pass through to detect the water quality data of the water sample in the sampler. The detection lifting mechanism is mounted on the second elliptical disk and connected to the water quality data detection probe assembly.

2. The plateau agricultural non-point source water pollution detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sampler is placed horizontally on the sample track. A slide bar is provided on the top side wall of the sampler. The sliding cover is slidably connected to the slide bar. The sliding cover slides along the length of the sampler. Connecting ears are provided on both side walls at both ends of the sliding cover. Connecting ears are also provided on both side walls at both ends of the sampler. The connecting ears on the sliding cover and the connecting ears on the sampler are at a predetermined horizontal distance. A spring is connected to two adjacent connecting ears on the same side of the sliding cover and the sampler. The spring is inclined to the sliding cover.

3. The plateau agricultural non-point source water pollution detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first opening and closing mechanism includes a first elliptical disk, an input pipe, and a first opening and closing motor. The drive shaft of the first opening and closing motor is connected to the first elliptical disk. The input pipe is connected to the first elliptical disk and is located on the major axis of the first elliptical disk and adjacent to the edge curve of the first elliptical disk. The edge curve corresponding to the minor axis of the first elliptical disk is close to one end of the sliding cover, and the edge curve corresponding to the major axis of the first elliptical disk is located on the opening of the sampler.

4. The plateau agricultural non-point source water pollution detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sliding cover is reset by a spring, which closes the sampler.

5. The plateau agricultural non-point source water pollution detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a filter membrane replacement mechanism for replacing the filter membrane in the sampling channel.

6. A method for detecting non-point source water pollution in plateau agriculture, characterized in that, The plateau agricultural non-point source water pollution detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is used to detect plateau agricultural non-point source water pollution.

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