Device and method for testing flame retardant property of composite material for living cabin

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of composite material flame retardant testing, in particular to equipment and a method for testing the flame retardant property of a composite material for a living cabin. Comprising a test box, a box cover, a display screen, a control knob, a combustor, a supporting plate, a first temperature sensor, an ejection mechanism, a detection mechanism and a smoke removal mechanism, the box cover is hinged to the top of the test box, the display screen and the control knob are arranged at the lower end of the test box, the combustor is arranged on the lower side in the test box, and the supporting plate is arranged in the test box; a first temperature sensor is arranged in the box cover, and an ejection mechanism capable of ejecting one side of the composite material, a detection mechanism for detecting the temperature of the upper surface of the composite material and a smoke removal mechanism for sucking smoke are arranged in the test box. Through the dual temperature monitoring design of the first temperature sensor and the detection mechanism in the box cover, the temperature data of the space above the composite material and the surface temperature data of the composite material can be obtained at the same time, and the flame-retardant and heat-insulating performance of the material is accurately evaluated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of flame retardancy testing of composite materials, and in particular to a device and method for testing the flame retardancy of composite materials used in living cabins. Background Art

[0002] Composite materials are widely used in the construction of living cabins due to their lightweight and high strength properties. Especially in scenarios with strict safety requirements such as ships, rail transportation, and aerospace, the structural design of composite materials must take into account both mechanical properties and flame retardant properties. Currently, the most common composite material structure is a multilayer composite of galvanized steel plates, rock wool, aluminum alloy sheets, and aluminum alloy porous sheets. This multilayer heterogeneous structure will exhibit complex heat conduction behavior and combustion characteristics during high-temperature combustion. Its flame retardant properties are directly related to personnel life safety and equipment reliability. Therefore, flame retardant performance testing has become a core link in material research and development and quality control.

[0003] At present, the industry generally uses combustion test chambers to conduct flame retardancy tests on composite materials. The burner simulates the fire source and monitors the combustion characteristics of the material. Traditional equipment mostly relies on a single ambient temperature sensor, which can only obtain air temperature data above the combustion area, but cannot simultaneously detect changes in the surface temperature of the material. As a result, the evaluation of flame retardant and thermal insulation performance lacks multi-dimensional data support. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcoming of incomplete test data of traditional equipment, the present invention provides a flame retardant performance testing device and method for composite materials for living cabins.

[0005] The technical implementation scheme of the present invention is: a flame retardant performance testing device and method for composite materials for living cabins, including a test box, a box cover, a display screen, a control knob, a burner, a support plate, a first temperature sensor, an ejection mechanism, a detection mechanism and a smoke removal mechanism. The test box is hinged with a box cover on the top, a display screen and a control knob are provided at the lower end of the test box, a burner is provided on the lower side of the test box, a support plate is provided inside the test box, a first temperature sensor is provided inside the box cover, an ejection mechanism that can lift one side of the composite material, a detection mechanism for detecting the upper surface temperature of the composite material and a smoke removal mechanism for absorbing smoke are provided inside the test box, and the control knob, burner and first temperature sensor are all electrically connected to the display screen.

[0006] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the ejection mechanism includes a moving rod, a connecting frame, an ejection plate, an elastic member, a lower pressure block and a limit block. Two moving rods are slidingly provided inside the test box, and the two moving rods are connected to the connecting frame. Two ejection plates are provided on the connecting frame, and the two ejection plates are slidingly connected to the support plate. An elastic member is wrapped around the outer side of the lower part of the moving rod, and the elastic member connects the support plate and the connecting frame. A limit block is provided inside the test box, and the moving rod is slidably connected to the limit block. A lower pressure block is provided inside the box cover, and the lower pressure block presses against the top of the moving rod. When the box cover is closed, the elastic member is in a stretched state.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the detection mechanism includes a motor, a connecting rod, a second temperature sensor and a limit frame. The motor is installed on the support plate, the output shaft of the motor is connected to the connecting rod, and a second temperature sensor is provided at the end of the connecting rod. The motor and the second temperature sensor are both electrically connected to the display screen. A limit frame is provided on the support plate, the limit frame is semicircular, and a groove is provided in the middle of the limit frame for the connecting rod to rotate.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the smoke removal mechanism includes an exhaust fan and a smoke sensor. Exhaust fans are provided on both sides of the test box, and two smoke sensors are provided inside the test box. The exhaust fans and the smoke sensors are both electrically connected to the display screen.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a heat dissipation fan is also included, and two heat dissipation fans are arranged inside the box cover.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a plurality of first ventilation openings and a plurality of second ventilation openings are respectively provided on the bottom and the top of the test box.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a transparent portion is also included. The side wall of the test box is provided with a transparent portion.

[0012] A method for using a flame retardant performance testing device for composite materials used in living cabins:

[0013] S1: Open the lid of the test box, place the composite material to be tested on the support plate inside the test box, and close the lid. At this time, the pressing block inside the lid presses against the top of the moving rod of the ejection mechanism, and the elastic member is in a stretched state;

[0014] S2: Operate the control knob to start the burner, adjust the flame size according to the test requirements, and conduct a combustion test on the composite material. The first temperature sensor inside the box cover begins to monitor the temperature of the upper part of the composite material in the test box in real time, and transmits the data to the display screen for preliminary detection of the flame retardant and heat insulation properties of the composite material. The motor of the detection mechanism starts, driving the connecting rod and the second temperature sensor on it to rotate. The second temperature sensor contacts the upper surface of the composite material and detects its temperature. The detected temperature data is transmitted to the display screen to fully understand the temperature changes of the composite material during the combustion process.

[0015] S3: The smoke sensor inside the test chamber monitors the smoke concentration in real time. When the smoke concentration reaches a certain threshold, the exhaust fan automatically starts to remove the smoke from the test chamber to prevent the smoke from affecting the test environment and the health of the testers. The operator can observe the combustion of the composite materials in the test chamber at any time through the transparent part of the test chamber side wall and record the combustion phenomenon;

[0016] S4: After the test, the cooling fan installed inside the box cover starts to cool down the inside of the test box, which helps to quickly reduce the temperature inside the box. After the temperature inside the test box drops to a safe range, the box cover is opened. The pressing block inside the box cover no longer presses against the moving rod. The restoring force of the elastic part drives the connecting frame and the ejection plate on it to move upward, lifting one side of the composite material. The operator then takes out the tested composite material.

[0017] Beneficial effects: 1. The present invention adopts a dual temperature monitoring design of the first temperature sensor and the detection mechanism inside the box cover, which can simultaneously obtain the temperature data of the space above the composite material and the surface temperature of the composite material, accurately evaluate the flame retardant and heat insulating properties of the material, and through the burner and control knob that adjust the flame intensity, it can test the performance of the composite material under different combustion intensities and obtain more comprehensive test data.

[0018] 2. The present invention uses a smoke sensor to monitor smoke concentration in real time. When the smoke concentration is too high, the exhaust fan starts to absorb the smoke, improving the test environment inside the test box and protecting the health of the testers. The cooling fan installed inside the box cover cools the inside of the test box after the test is completed, which helps to quickly reduce the temperature inside the box and create suitable conditions for subsequent equipment maintenance, cleaning and possible retesting.

[0019] 3. The present invention uses the linkage design of the elastic part of the ejection mechanism and the lower pressure block to automatically lift one end of the composite material after the test is completed, making the composite material removal operation quick and labor-saving, and significantly improving the test efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention after removing the transparent part.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the burner, support plate and first temperature sensor of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the ejection mechanism and the detection mechanism of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the support plate of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the ejection mechanism of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the detection mechanism of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the smoke removal mechanism of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the heat dissipation fan of the present invention.

[0029] Among them: 1-test box, 101-first vent, 102-second vent, 2-box cover, 3-display screen, 4-control knob, 5-burner, 6-support plate, 7-first temperature sensor, 8-transparent part, 9-ejection mechanism, 91-moving rod, 92-connecting frame, 93-ejection plate, 94-elastic member, 95-lower pressure block, 96-limiting block, 10-detection mechanism, 1001-motor, 1002-connecting rod, 1003-second temperature sensor, 1004-limiting frame, 11-smoke removal mechanism, 1101-exhaust fan, 1102-smoke sensor, 12-cooling fan. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but this does not limit the present invention.

[0031] Example 1: A flame retardant performance testing device and method for composite materials used in living cabins, such as Figure 1-Figure 5As shown, it includes a test box 1, a box cover 2, a display screen 3, a control knob 4, a burner 5, a support plate 6, a first temperature sensor 7, an ejection mechanism 9, a detection mechanism 10 and a smoke removal mechanism 11. The test box 1 is hinged with a box cover 2 on the top, and a handle for easy grasping is provided on the upper side of the box cover 2. The test box 1 has a display screen 3 and a control knob 4 at the lower end. The lower side of the test box 1 is provided with a burner 5. The test box 1 is provided with a support plate 6 for supporting the composite material to be tested. The box cover 2 is provided with a first temperature sensor 7. The test box 1 is also equipped with an ejection mechanism 9, a detection mechanism 10 and a smoke removal mechanism 11. The ejection mechanism 9 is used to lift one side of the composite material after the test is completed; the detection mechanism 10 is used to detect the temperature of the upper surface of the composite material; the smoke removal mechanism 11 is used to detect and remove the smoke generated during the test. The control knob 4, the burner 5 and the first temperature sensor 7 are all electrically connected to the display screen 3 to realize data transmission and equipment control.

[0032] During the test, the composite material to be tested is first placed on the support plate 6 in the test box 1, and then the box cover 2 is closed, the burner 5 starts working, and a combustion test is performed on the composite material. The flame size can be adjusted by the control knob 4. At the same time, the first temperature sensor 7 inside the box cover 2 starts to monitor the temperature of the upper part of the composite material in the test box 1 in real time to detect the flame retardant and heat insulating properties of the composite material, and transmits the data to the display screen 3 for display. The detection mechanism 10 detects the temperature of the upper surface of the composite material to fully understand the temperature changes of the composite material during the combustion process; when the smoke concentration in the test box 1 reaches a certain threshold, the smoke removal mechanism 11 will automatically absorb the smoke to prevent the smoke from affecting the test environment and the health of the test personnel; after the test is completed, the box cover 2 is opened, and the ejection mechanism 9 will automatically lift one end of the composite material to facilitate the removal of the composite material.

[0033] like Figure 4 and Figure 6As shown, the ejection mechanism 9 includes a moving rod 91, a connecting frame 92, an ejection plate 93, an elastic member 94, a lower pressure block 95 and a limit block 96. Two moving rods 91 are slidingly provided inside the test box 1. The two moving rods 91 are connected to the connecting frame 92. Two ejection plates 93 are provided on the connecting frame 92. The two ejection plates 93 are slidingly connected to the support plate 6. An elastic member 94 is wrapped around the outer side of the lower part of the moving rod 91. The elastic member 94 connects the support plate 6 and the connecting frame 92. A limit block 96 is provided inside the test box 1. The moving rod 91 is slidably connected to the limit block 96. A lower pressure block 95 is provided inside the box cover 2. The lower pressure block 95 presses against the top of the moving rod 91. When the box cover 2 is closed, the elastic member 94 is in a stretched state. After the test is completed, the box cover 2 is opened, and the pressing block 95 inside the box cover 2 no longer presses against the moving rod 91. The restoring force of the elastic member 94 will drive the connecting frame 92 and the ejection plate 93 thereon to move upward, and lift up one side of the composite material, making it convenient for the operator to quickly and easily remove the tested composite material, thereby improving the convenience of operation.

[0034] like Figure 4 and Figure 7 As shown, the detection mechanism 10 includes a motor 1001, a connecting rod 1002, a second temperature sensor 1003 and a limit frame 1004. The motor 1001 is installed on the support plate 6. The output shaft of the motor 1001 is connected to the connecting rod 1002. The second temperature sensor 1003 is provided at the end of the connecting rod 1002. The motor 1001 and the second temperature sensor 1003 are both electrically connected to the display screen 3. The support plate 6 is provided with a limit frame 1004. The limit frame 1004 is semicircular and has a groove in the middle of the limit frame 1004 for the connecting rod 1002 to rotate. The motor 1001 drives the connecting rod 1002 and the second temperature sensor 1003 thereon to rotate. The second temperature sensor 1003 contacts the upper surface of the composite material and performs temperature detection on it, thereby more comprehensively and accurately obtaining temperature change data of the composite material during the combustion process, providing a more reliable basis for evaluating the flame retardant performance of the composite material.

[0035] like Figure 4 and Figure 8 As shown, smoke removal mechanism 11 includes an exhaust fan 1101 and a smoke sensor 1102. Exhaust fans 1101 are installed on both sides of test chamber 1, and two smoke sensors 1102 are installed inside test chamber 1. Both exhaust fans 1101 and smoke sensors 1102 are electrically connected to display screen 3. Smoke sensors 1102 monitor smoke concentration in real time. When smoke concentration is too high, exhaust fans 1101 activate to remove smoke, improving the testing environment within test chamber 1 and protecting the health of testers.

[0036] like Figure 4 and Figure 9As shown, the test chamber 1 also includes cooling fans 12, and two cooling fans 12 are installed inside the chamber cover 2. The cooling fans 12 installed inside the chamber cover 2 can cool the interior of the test chamber 1 after the test is completed, helping to quickly reduce the temperature inside the chamber and create suitable conditions for subsequent equipment maintenance, cleaning, and possible retesting.

[0037] The bottom and top of the test box 1 are respectively provided with a plurality of first vents 101 and second vents 102. The first vents 101 and second vents 102 provided at the bottom and top of the test box 1 facilitate air circulation within the test box 1, ensuring an adequate supply of oxygen during the combustion process and enabling the combustion test to proceed smoothly.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, the test chamber 1 further includes a transparent portion 8. The transparent portion 8 is provided on the side wall of the test chamber 1. The transparent portion 8 provided on the side wall of the test chamber 1 allows the operator to observe the combustion status of the composite material in the test chamber 1 at any time during the test process, eliminating the need to frequently open the chamber lid 2, thereby reducing interference with the test process, and also facilitating the recording of test phenomena.

[0039] Example 2: A method for using a composite material flame retardant performance testing device for a living cabin:

[0040] S1: Open the lid 2 of the test box 1, place the composite material to be tested on the support plate 6 in the test box 1, and close the lid 2. At this time, the lower pressing block 95 in the lid 2 presses against the top of the moving rod 91 of the ejection mechanism 9, and the elastic member 94 is in a stretched state;

[0041] S2: Operate the control knob 4 to start the burner 5, adjust the flame size according to the test requirements, and conduct a combustion test on the composite material. The first temperature sensor 7 inside the box cover 2 begins to monitor the temperature of the upper part of the composite material in the test box 1 in real time, and transmits the data to the display screen 3 for display, which is used for preliminary detection of the flame retardant and heat insulation properties of the composite material. The motor 1001 of the detection mechanism 10 is started, driving the connecting rod 1002 and the second temperature sensor 1003 thereon to rotate. The second temperature sensor 1003 contacts the upper surface of the composite material and detects its temperature. The detected temperature data is transmitted to the display screen 3, so as to fully understand the temperature changes of the composite material during the combustion process;

[0042] S3: The smoke sensor 1102 inside the test chamber 1 monitors the smoke concentration in real time. When the smoke concentration reaches a certain threshold, the exhaust fan 1101 automatically starts to remove the smoke from the test chamber 1 to prevent the smoke from affecting the test environment and the health of the testers. The operator can observe the combustion of the composite material in the test chamber 1 at any time through the transparent portion 8 on the side wall of the test chamber 1 and record the combustion phenomenon.

[0043] S4: After the test is completed, the cooling fan 12 provided inside the box cover 2 is started to cool down the inside of the test box 1, which helps to quickly reduce the temperature inside the box. After the temperature inside the test box 1 drops to a safe range, the box cover 2 is opened. The pressing block 95 inside the box cover 2 no longer presses against the moving rod 91. The restoring force of the elastic member 94 drives the connecting frame 92 and the ejection plate 93 thereon to move upward, lifting one side of the composite material. The operator then takes out the tested composite material.

[0044] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the essence and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flame retardant performance testing device and method for composite materials used in living cabins, comprising a test box (1) and a box cover (2), wherein the top of the test box (1) is hingedly connected to the box cover (2), and is characterized in that: The test box (1) further comprises a display screen (3), a control knob (4), a burner (5), a support plate (6), a first temperature sensor (7), an ejection mechanism (9), a detection mechanism (10) and a smoke removal mechanism (11). The lower end of the test box (1) is provided with a display screen (3) and a control knob (4). The lower side of the test box (1) is provided with a burner (5). The test box (1) is provided with a support plate (6). The box cover (2) is provided with a first temperature sensor (7). The test box (1) is provided with an ejection mechanism (9) capable of lifting one side of the composite material, a detection mechanism (10) for detecting the temperature of the upper surface of the composite material and a smoke removal mechanism (11) for absorbing smoke. The control knob (4), the burner (5) and the first temperature sensor (7) are all electrically connected to the display screen (3).

2. The flame retardancy testing device and method for composite materials used in living cabins according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ejection mechanism (9) comprises a moving rod (91), a connecting frame (92), an ejection plate (93), an elastic member (94), a lower pressing block (95) and a limit block (96). Two moving rods (91) are slidably provided inside the test box (1). The two moving rods (91) are connected to the connecting frame (92). Two ejection plates (93) are provided on the connecting frame (92). The two ejection plates (93) are slidably connected to the support plate (6). An elastic member (94) is wound around the outer side of the lower part of the moving rod (91). The elastic member (94) connects the support plate (6) and the connecting frame (92). A limit block (96) is provided inside the test box (1). The moving rod (91) is slidably connected to the limit block (96). A lower pressing block (95) is provided inside the box cover (2). The lower pressing block (95) presses against the top of the moving rod (91). When the box cover (2) is closed, the elastic member (94) is in a stretched state.

3. The flame retardancy testing device and method for composite materials used in living cabins according to claim 2, characterized in that: The detection mechanism (10) comprises a motor (1001), a connecting rod (1002), a second temperature sensor (1003) and a limiting frame (1004); the motor (1001) is mounted on the support plate (6); the output shaft of the motor (1001) is connected to the connecting rod (1002); the end of the connecting rod (1002) is provided with a second temperature sensor (1003); the motor (1001) and the second temperature sensor (1003) are both electrically connected to the display screen (3); the limiting frame (1004) is provided on the support plate (6); the limiting frame (1004) is semicircular in shape; and a groove for the connecting rod (1002) to rotate is provided in the middle of the limiting frame (1004).

4. The flame retardancy testing device and method for composite materials used in living cabins according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The smoke removal mechanism (11) includes an exhaust fan (1101) and a smoke sensor (1102). The exhaust fan (1101) is provided on both sides of the test box (1). Two smoke sensors (1102) are provided inside the test box (1). The exhaust fan (1101) and the smoke sensor (1102) are both electrically connected to the display screen (3).

5. The flame retardancy testing device and method for composite materials used in living cabins according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a heat dissipation fan (12), and two heat dissipation fans (12) are arranged inside the box cover (2).

6. The flame retardancy testing device and method for composite materials used in living cabins according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom and top of the test box (1) are respectively provided with a plurality of first ventilation openings (101) and second ventilation openings (102).

7. The flame retardancy testing device and method for composite materials used in living cabins according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a transparent portion (8), and the side wall of the test box (1) is provided with the transparent portion (8).

8. The flame retardancy testing device and method for composite materials used in living cabins according to claims 1-7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Open the lid (2) of the test box (1), place the composite material to be tested on the support plate (6) in the test box (1), and close the lid (2). At this time, the lower pressing block (95) in the lid (2) presses against the top of the moving rod (91) of the ejection mechanism (9), and the elastic member (94) is in a stretched state; S2: Operate the control knob (4) to start the burner (5), adjust the flame size according to the test requirements, and perform a combustion test on the composite material. The first temperature sensor (7) inside the box cover (2) starts to monitor the temperature of the upper part of the composite material in the test box (1) in real time, and transmits the data to the display screen (3) for display, which is used for preliminary detection of the flame retardant and heat insulation performance of the composite material. The motor (1001) of the detection mechanism (10) is started, driving the connecting rod (1002) and the second temperature sensor (1003) thereon to rotate. The second temperature sensor (1003) contacts the upper surface of the composite material and performs temperature detection on it. The detected temperature data is transmitted to the display screen (3) so as to fully understand the temperature change of the composite material during the combustion process. S3: The smoke sensor (1102) inside the test box (1) monitors the smoke concentration in real time. When the smoke concentration reaches a certain threshold, the exhaust fan (1101) automatically starts to remove the smoke inside the test box (1) to prevent the smoke from affecting the test environment and the health of the testers. The operator can observe the combustion of the composite material inside the test box (1) at any time through the transparent part (8) on the side wall of the test box (1) and record the combustion phenomenon; S4: After the test is completed, the cooling fan (12) provided inside the box cover (2) is started to cool the inside of the test box (1), which helps to quickly reduce the temperature inside the box. After the temperature inside the test box (1) drops to a safe range, the box cover (2) is opened, and the lower pressing block (95) inside the box cover (2) no longer presses against the moving rod (91). The restoring force of the elastic member (94) drives the connecting frame (92) and the ejection plate (93) thereon to move upward, pushing up one side of the composite material, and the operator takes out the composite material after the test.

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