A compact airborne optoelectronic detection device with a large aperture

Abstract

The application discloses a compact large-aperture airborne photoelectric detection device, and relates to the field of photoelectric tracking. In the device, an optical antenna assembly is arranged on a shell structure component assembly, a coarse light splitting assembly, a coarse tracking assembly and a fine light splitting assembly are arranged on a lower layer of the shell structure component assembly, a fine tracking assembly is arranged on an upper layer of the shell structure component assembly, the optical antenna assembly is used for performing one-stage beam shrinking on received external incident light beams and reflecting the light beams to the coarse light splitting assembly, the coarse light splitting assembly is used for reflecting and splitting the received light beams, so that part of the light is reflected to the coarse tracking assembly and another part of the light is reflected to the fine light splitting assembly, the coarse tracking assembly is used for performing two-stage beam shrinking on the received light beams and completing coarse tracking detection, and the fine light splitting assembly is used for reflecting the received light beams to the fine tracking assembly and performing two-stage beam shrinking, so that fine tracking detection is completed. The application can realize long-distance tracking while reducing the size and volume of the device and ensuring compactness.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of photoelectric tracking, and in particular to a compact, large-aperture airborne photoelectric detection device. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, large-aperture photoelectric detection systems have become increasingly widely used in aerospace due to their advantages of long target tracking distance and high resolution. However, in some other fields, there are extremely strict limitations on the size of photoelectric detection systems. In airborne applications, the limited space inside the aircraft severely restricts the volume and weight of photoelectric detection systems, and large-aperture systems are often quite large in both size and weight.

[0003] With the gradual development of related technologies, the distance of the tracked target is becoming longer and longer, and the requirements for resolution are becoming higher and higher. Therefore, it is necessary to use large-aperture photoelectric detection systems to track targets at long distances. As the aperture of the large-aperture photoelectric detection system increases, the complexity and cost of the system will continue to increase. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a compact, large-aperture airborne photoelectric detection device that can achieve long-distance tracking while reducing the size and dimensions of the device and ensuring its compactness.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following solution:

[0006] This application provides a compact, large-aperture airborne photoelectric detection device, including a housing structural component assembly, an optical antenna assembly, a coarse beam splitting assembly, a coarse tracking assembly, a fine beam splitting assembly, and a fine tracking assembly;

[0007] The optical antenna assembly is disposed on the housing structural component assembly; the coarse beam splitting assembly, the coarse tracking assembly, and the fine beam splitting assembly are all disposed on the lower layer of the housing structural component assembly; the fine tracking assembly is disposed on the upper layer of the housing structural component assembly.

[0008] The optical antenna assembly is used to perform primary beam reduction on the received external incident beam and reflect it to the coarse beam splitter; the coarse beam splitter is used to reflect and split the received beam, so as to reflect a part of the light to the coarse tracking assembly and another part of the light to the fine beam splitter.

[0009] The coarse tracking component is used to perform secondary beam contraction on the received beam to complete coarse tracking detection;

[0010] The precision beam splitting component is used to reflect the received beam to the precision tracking component and perform secondary beam shrinking to complete precision tracking detection.

[0011] According to the specific embodiments provided in this application, this application has the following technical effects: By introducing two-stage beam contraction, the external beam is contracted, and the optomechanical components are designed according to the size of the beam. The size of the beam directly affects the volume and weight of the optomechanical components; the larger the beam diameter, the larger the corresponding optomechanical components. The beam contraction significantly reduces the volume and weight of the supporting optomechanical components in the subsequent optical path. Furthermore, to further reduce the volume and weight of the large-aperture photoelectric detection system, the upper and lower layers are distinguished by the outer shell structural components. The coarse beam splitting component, coarse tracking component, and fine beam splitting component are all located in the lower layer of the outer shell structural components, while the fine tracking component is located in the upper layer. This divides the overall optical path into upper and lower layers, which, compared to the traditional single-layer optical path layout, reduces the volume and weight of the photoelectric detection device to a certain extent. In addition, this application also introduces fine tracking and coarse tracking, achieving the requirement of long-distance target tracking and accurate detection. In summary, this application provides a large-aperture, dual-layer airborne photoelectric detection device with two-stage beam contraction functionality. Attached Figure Description

[0012] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a compact large-aperture airborne photoelectric detection device in one embodiment of this application.

[0014] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the lower layer of the outer shell structural component assembly in one embodiment of this application.

[0015] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the upper layer of the outer shell structural component assembly in one embodiment of this application.

[0016] Figure 4 This is an optical path diagram of coarse tracking detection in one embodiment of this application.

[0017] Figure 5 This is an optical path diagram of fine tracking detection in one embodiment of this application.

[0018] Reference numerals: 11-Primary mirror; 12-Secondary mirror; 13-Primary mirror chamber; 14-Secondary mirror mount; 15-Truss; 21-Coarse tracking relay mirror assembly; 22-Fine tracking relay mirror assembly; 31-Tracking fast-reflection mirror; 41-Fine tracking second-layer folding dispersion-compensating galvanometer; 42-Coarse tracking dispersion-compensating galvanometer; 51-Coarse tracking waveplate; 52-Fine tracking waveplate; 61-Coarse tracking lens; 62-Coarse tracking bracket; 63-Coarse tracking camera; 64-Coarse tracking camera mounting base; 71-Fine tracking lens; 72-Fine tracking bracket; 73-Fine tracking camera; 74-Fine tracking camera mounting base; 81-Folding mirror; 82-Coarse tracking beam splitter; 83-Coarse tracking reflector; 84-Fine tracking beam splitter; 85-First reflector; 86-Beam splitter; 87-Second reflector; 88-Fine tracking reflector; 91-Main frame. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0020] This application designs a dual-layer airborne photoelectric detection device with two-stage beam-shrinking function, which can effectively reduce the size and weight of large-aperture photoelectric detection systems and make the internal space of the overall photoelectric detection device more compact, thereby achieving the miniaturization of the device. At the same time, the designed photoelectric detection device can perform coarse and fine tracking detection of targets at long distances.

[0021] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0022] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a compact large-aperture airborne photoelectric detection device is provided, including a shell structural component assembly, an optical antenna assembly, a coarse beam splitting assembly, a coarse tracking assembly, a fine beam splitting assembly, and a fine tracking assembly.

[0023] The optical antenna assembly is disposed on the housing structural component assembly, and the coarse beam splitting assembly, the coarse tracking assembly, and the fine beam splitting assembly are all disposed on the lower layer of the housing structural component assembly, such as... Figure 2 As shown; the precision tracking component is disposed on the upper layer of the housing structural component assembly, such as... Figure 3As shown. The outer shell structural component includes a main frame 91, which is made of aluminum alloy and is an integral structure.

[0024] In a specific application, the optical antenna assembly is used to perform first-stage beam reduction on the received external incident beam and reflect it to the coarse beam splitter. Specifically, the optical antenna assembly includes a primary mirror 11, a secondary mirror 12, a primary mirror chamber 13, a secondary mirror mount 14, and a truss 15; the primary mirror 11 is disposed in the primary mirror chamber 13, and the secondary mirror 12 is disposed in the secondary mirror mount 14; the size of the primary mirror 11 is larger than the size of the secondary mirror 12; the primary mirror chamber 13 is disposed on one side of the main frame 91, and the secondary mirror mount 14 is disposed on the upper layer of the main frame 91, and the secondary mirror mount 14 and the primary mirror chamber 13 are fixed together by the truss 15.

[0025] During operation, the external incident beam is deflected by the primary mirror 11 to the secondary mirror 12, and then reflected by the secondary mirror 12 to the coarse beam splitter, thereby achieving beam reduction of the external incident beam.

[0026] In practical applications, the coarse beam splitter is used to reflect and split the received light beam, reflecting a portion of the light to the coarse tracking component and another portion to the fine beam splitter. Specifically, the coarse beam splitter includes a folding mirror 81 and a coarse tracking beam splitter 82; wherein, the folding mirror 81 is a 25-degree folding mirror, and this 25° arrangement is for space saving and is an optimal angle; if this angle is increased, the envelope of the device will increase, resulting in increased size and weight.

[0027] The folding mirror 81 is used to reflect the light beam from the optical antenna assembly and the first-stage beam-splitting beam to the coarse tracking beam splitter 82; corresponding to the above, the light beam reflected by the secondary mirror 12 is sent to the folding mirror 81. The coarse tracking beam splitter 82 is used to split the received light beam according to a preset ratio, and then reflect a portion of the light to the coarse tracking assembly (corresponding to entering the lower layer of the device) and reflect another portion of the light to the fine beam splitter (corresponding to being initially in the lower layer of the device and subsequently entering the upper layer of the device).

[0028] In specific applications, the coarse tracking component is used to perform secondary beam contraction on the received beam to complete coarse tracking detection; wherein, the coarse tracking component includes a coarse tracking relay mirror 21, a coarse tracking dispersion compensation galvanometer 42, a coarse tracking waveplate 51, a coarse tracking reflector 83, a coarse tracking lens 61, a coarse tracking camera 63, a coarse tracking bracket 62, and a coarse tracking camera mounting base 64.

[0029] The coarse tracking relay mirror 21 is used to perform secondary beam reduction on the beam from the coarse beam splitter and send it to the coarse tracking dispersion compensation mirror 42; the coarse tracking dispersion compensation mirror 42 is used to reflect the received beam to the coarse tracking waveplate 51, and then transmit it through the coarse tracking waveplate 51 to the coarse tracking reflector 83; the coarse tracking reflector 83 is used to reflect the received beam to the coarse tracking lens 61 and then into the coarse tracking camera 63; the coarse tracking camera 63 is used to perform coarse tracking detection based on the received beam.

[0030] The coarse tracking lens 61 is mounted on the coarse tracking bracket 62; the coarse tracking camera 63 is mounted on the coarse tracking camera mounting base 64, and the coarse tracking bracket 62 and the coarse tracking camera mounting base 64 are mounted on the lower layer of the main mounting frame 91.

[0031] In specific applications, the precision beam splitting component is used to reflect the received beam to the precision tracking component and perform secondary beam shortening to complete precision tracking detection. The precision beam splitting component includes a tracking fast-reflection mirror 31, a precision tracking beam splitter 84, a precision tracking relay mirror 22, and a precision tracking two-layer folding dispersion compensation galvanometer 41; the precision tracking two-layer folding dispersion compensation galvanometer 41 is 45 degrees.

[0032] Corresponding to the above, the tracking beam splitter 82 reflects another portion of the light to the tracking fast-reflection mirror 31. The tracking fast-reflection mirror 31 is used to reflect the light beam from the coarse beam splitter to the fine tracking beam splitter 84, and then transmit it through the fine tracking beam splitter 84 to the fine tracking relay mirror 22. The fine tracking relay mirror 22 is used to perform secondary beam contraction on the received light beam and send it to the fine tracking second-layer folding dispersion compensation galvanometer 41. The fine tracking second-layer folding dispersion compensation galvanometer 41 is used to reflect the received light beam from the lower layer to the upper layer of the fine tracking component.

[0033] The precision tracking assembly includes a first reflecting mirror 85, a beam splitter 86, a precision tracking waveplate 52, a second reflecting mirror 87, a precision tracking reflecting mirror 88, a precision tracking lens 71, a precision tracking camera 73, a precision tracking bracket 72, and a precision tracking camera mounting base 74. Both the first reflecting mirror 85 and the beam splitter 86 are at a 45-degree angle.

[0034] Corresponding to the above, the second-layer folding dispersion-compensating galvanometer 41 for fine tracking reflects the light beam to the first reflecting mirror 85. At this time, the fine-tracking light beam is reflected from the bottom layer of the overall mounting main frame 91 to the second layer of the overall mounting main frame 91. The first reflecting mirror 85 is used to reflect the received light beam to the beam splitter 86, and then through the beam splitter 86 to the fine-tracking waveplate 52, and then through the fine-tracking waveplate 52 to the second reflecting mirror 87; the second reflecting mirror 87 is used to reflect the received light beam to the fine-tracking reflecting mirror 88; the fine-tracking reflecting mirror 88 is used to reflect the received light beam to the fine-tracking lens 71, and then into the fine-tracking camera 73; the fine-tracking camera 73 is used to perform fine-tracking detection based on the received light beam.

[0035] The precision tracking lens 71 is mounted on the precision tracking bracket 72; the precision tracking camera 73 is mounted on the precision tracking camera mounting base 74. Both the precision tracking bracket 72 and the precision tracking camera mounting base 74 are fixed to the upper layer of the main mounting frame 91.

[0036] Based on the above, the operation and use method of the device in this application includes the following steps:

[0037] Step 1: First-order beam contraction. For example... Figure 4 or Figure 5 As shown, when an external incident beam enters this device, it first enters the primary mirror 11 and secondary mirror 12 of the optical antenna assembly for the first beam contraction, and then enters the lower layer of the main frame 11 through the folding mirror 81. Subsequently, if it is transmitted through the coarse tracking beam splitter 82 into the coarse tracking relay mirror 21, it proceeds to step two; if it is reflected by the coarse tracking beam splitter 82 to the tracking fast reflection mirror 31, it proceeds to step three.

[0038] Step 2: Perform two-stage beam shortening on the coarse tracking branch. For example... Figure 4 As shown, in the coarse tracking branch, when the beam passes through the coarse tracking relay mirror 21, the beam will be compressed for the second time. The compressed beam then passes through the coarse tracking dispersion compensation galvanometer 42, the coarse tracking waveplate 51, the coarse tracking mirror 83, the coarse tracking lens 61, and finally to the coarse tracking camera 63, thus completing coarse tracking.

[0039] Step 3: Perform two-stage beam shortening on the fine tracking branch. For example... Figure 5 As shown, in the fine tracking branch, the beam passes through the tracking fast-reflection mirror 31 and the fine tracking beam splitter 84 to the fine tracking relay mirror assembly 22, where the beam is reduced for the second time. The reduced beam is then reflected by the fine tracking second-layer folding dispersion compensation galvanometer 41 to the upper layer of the main frame 91. The reflected beam then passes sequentially through the first reflecting mirror 85, the beam splitter 86, the fine tracking waveplate 52, the second reflecting mirror 87, the fine tracking reflecting mirror 88, and the fine tracking lens 71 to the fine tracking camera 73, thus completing the fine tracking.

[0040] In summary, this application meets the requirements for miniaturization and lightweight design. By incorporating a two-stage beam-shortening function and dividing the optical path into upper and lower layers, the required volume and weight of the large-aperture optical device are significantly reduced. The two-stage beam-shortening function concentrates the external incident beam through the two-stage beam-shortening system, resulting in a significantly reduced volume and weight of the subsequent optomechanical components. To further reduce the volume and weight of the large-aperture photoelectric detection device, the overall optical path is divided into upper and lower layers. Compared to the traditional single-layer optical path layout, the layered transmission of the optical path through mirrors further reduces the overall volume and weight of the system. Simultaneously, the use of aluminum alloy as the main mounting frame, with its integrated design, significantly reduces the volume and weight of the large-aperture photoelectric detection device, making the internal space of the device more compact and achieving miniaturization of the large-aperture photoelectric detection system. In a practical application, the overall envelope of this device is 1164mm × 543mm × 622mm, and it can perform coarse and fine tracking detection of targets at a range of 20km.

[0041] This application achieves the requirement of long-range target tracking by introducing coarse and fine tracking. The overall optical path is divided into upper and lower layers, and the optical path is transmitted layer by layer through a reflector, further reducing the volume and size of the photoelectric detection system, making the overall photoelectric detection system more compact, and realizing the system's miniaturization.

[0042] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0043] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the methods and core ideas of this application. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this application, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. A compact, large-aperture airborne photoelectric detection device, characterized in that, The device includes a housing structural component assembly, an optical antenna assembly, a coarse beam splitting assembly, a coarse tracking assembly, a fine beam splitting assembly, and a fine tracking assembly; The optical antenna assembly is disposed on the housing structural component assembly; the coarse beam splitting assembly, the coarse tracking assembly, and the fine beam splitting assembly are all disposed on the lower layer of the housing structural component assembly; the fine tracking assembly is disposed on the upper layer of the housing structural component assembly. The optical antenna assembly is used to perform primary beam reduction on the received external incident beam and reflect it to the coarse beam splitter; the coarse beam splitter is used to reflect and split the received beam, so as to reflect a part of the light to the coarse tracking assembly and another part of the light to the fine beam splitter. The coarse tracking component is used to perform secondary beam contraction on the received beam to complete coarse tracking detection; The precision beam splitting component is used to reflect the received beam to the precision tracking component and perform secondary beam shrinking to complete precision tracking detection; The outer casing structural component assembly includes a main frame; the optical antenna assembly includes a primary mirror, a secondary mirror, a primary mirror chamber, a secondary mirror mount, and a truss; the primary mirror is disposed in the primary mirror chamber, and the secondary mirror is disposed in the secondary mirror mount; the size of the primary mirror is larger than the size of the secondary mirror; the primary mirror chamber is disposed on one side of the main frame, and the secondary mirror mount is disposed on the upper layer of the main frame, and the secondary mirror mount and the primary mirror chamber are fixed by the truss; during operation, the external incident light beam is deflected by the primary mirror to the secondary mirror, and then reflected by the secondary mirror to the coarse beam splitter; The coarse tracking assembly includes a coarse tracking relay mirror, a coarse tracking dispersion-compensating galvanometer, a coarse tracking waveplate, a coarse tracking reflector, a coarse tracking lens, and a coarse tracking camera. The coarse tracking relay mirror is used to perform secondary beam reduction on the beam from the coarse beam splitter and send it to the coarse tracking dispersion-compensating galvanometer. The coarse tracking dispersion-compensating galvanometer is used to reflect the received beam to the coarse tracking waveplate, and then transmit it through the waveplate to the coarse tracking reflector. The coarse tracking reflector is used to reflect the received beam to the coarse tracking lens and then into the coarse tracking camera. The coarse tracking camera is used to perform coarse tracking detection based on the received beam.

2. The compact large-aperture airborne photoelectric detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coarse beam splitter assembly includes a folding mirror and a coarse tracking beam splitter; The folding mirror is used to reflect the light beam from the optical antenna assembly and the first-stage beam-splitting beam to the coarse tracking beam splitter; the coarse tracking beam splitter is used to split the received light beam according to a preset ratio, and then reflect a part of the light to the coarse tracking assembly and another part of the light to the fine beam splitter.

3. The compact large-aperture airborne photoelectric detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coarse tracking component also includes a coarse tracking bracket and a coarse tracking camera mounting base; The coarse tracking lens is mounted on the coarse tracking bracket; the coarse tracking camera is mounted on the coarse tracking camera mount.

4. The compact large-aperture airborne photoelectric detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The precision beam splitting assembly includes a tracking fast-reflection mirror, a precision tracking beam splitter, a precision tracking relay mirror, and a precision tracking two-layer folding dispersion compensation galvanometer. The tracking fast-reflection mirror is used to reflect the beam from the coarse beam splitter to the fine tracking beam splitter, and then transmit it through the fine tracking beam splitter to the fine tracking relay mirror; The fine tracking relay mirror is used to perform secondary beam shrinking on the received beam and send it to the fine tracking second-layer folding dispersion compensation galvanometer. The precision tracking two-layer folding dispersion compensation galvanometer is used to reflect the received light beam from the lower layer to the precision tracking component in the upper layer.

5. The compact large-aperture airborne photoelectric detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The precision tracking component includes a first reflecting mirror, a beam splitter, a precision tracking waveplate, a second reflecting mirror, a precision tracking mirror, a precision tracking lens, and a precision tracking camera; The first reflector is used to reflect the received light beam to the beam splitter, and then transmit it through the beam splitter to the fine tracking waveplate, and then through the fine tracking waveplate to the second reflector; The second reflector is used to reflect the received light beam back to the precision tracking reflector; The precision tracking reflector is used to reflect the received light beam to the precision tracking lens and into the precision tracking camera; The precision tracking camera is used to perform precision tracking detection based on the received light beam.

6. The compact large-aperture airborne photoelectric detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The precision tracking component also includes a precision tracking bracket and a precision tracking camera mounting base; the precision tracking lens is disposed on the precision tracking bracket; and the precision tracking camera is mounted on the precision tracking camera mounting base.

7. The compact large-aperture airborne photoelectric detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The folding mirror is a 25-degree folding mirror.

8. The compact large-aperture airborne photoelectric detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main frame is made of aluminum alloy and is an integral structure.

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