Power grid average carbon emission factor accounting method considering spot transaction between regions

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of power utilization carbon emission factor accounting, and particularly provides a power grid average carbon emission factor accounting method and device considering spot transaction between regions, and the method comprises the steps: determining the non-transaction power information of each region based on the power information of each region and a spot market clearing result; determining an electricity utilization carbon emission factor of the residual electric quantity of each region based on the non-transaction electric power information of each region; and on the basis of the power utilization carbon emission factor of the residual electric quantity of each region and the electric quantity transaction result between the regions, determining a power grid average emission factor of each region after the spot transaction between the regions is considered. According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the problem of repeated calculation of spot market transaction electric quantity carbon emission and green electricity environment attributes can be avoided, and the calculation precision and calculation rationality of the regional power grid average carbon emission factor are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electricity carbon emission factor calculation, and in particular to a method and device for calculating the average carbon emission factor of a power grid taking into account inter-regional spot transactions. Background Art

[0002] Electricity is a key form of end-use energy, closely related to nearly every business. The indirect carbon emissions from electricity consumption, resulting from its use, play a significant role in the carbon emissions of many companies. For example, the "new three" products, represented by electric vehicles, photovoltaics, and batteries, account for approximately 70% of their total carbon footprint. With the introduction of policies such as the EU carbon tariff and the new battery law, export-oriented companies will increasingly focus on their own carbon emissions, and the carbon footprint of their products will become a key assessment factor when exporting the "new three." Therefore, a reasonable method for measuring indirect carbon emissions from electricity consumption is crucial. It is a fundamental technology that helps companies understand their own carbon emissions and formulate appropriate carbon reduction strategies.

[0003] Currently, the carbon emissions from corporate electricity consumption are primarily calculated using the grid's average carbon emission factor. This factor is derived from the carbon emissions of each region's physical inflow of electricity and the carbon emissions of each region's locally generated electricity. This value primarily reflects the region's average annual carbon content per kilowatt-hour. Under this carbon accounting rule, regions with lower factors are more attractive to export-oriented companies, as they bear less carbon emissions responsibility for consuming the same amount of electricity in regions with lower factors. This suggests that, under international green trade barriers, the grid's average carbon emission factor has become a powerful tool for attracting low-carbon businesses, and regional governments and power companies are increasingly motivated to reduce their own grid average emission factors.

[0004] Traditional grid-average carbon emission factors are primarily calculated based on local territorial carbon emission factors, without considering the impact of trading activities. However, the purchase of electricity actually transfers carbon emission responsibilities and environmental attributes. Therefore, the carbon emission transfer process of traded electricity should be clarified when calculating the factor. Currently, interregional spot trading of electricity has begun to take shape. Although the interregional spot trading market was not originally designed to provide a platform for regions to purchase clean electricity, after accounting for spot trading, there is inevitably a certain difference between the physical amount of electricity exchanged between regions and the amount of electricity exchanged after spot trading. As regions increasingly focus on their own clean electricity consumption levels, the impact of interregional spot trading on the regional grid's average electricity consumption carbon emission factor cannot be ignored. In addition, the access of a high proportion of new energy is an important trend in the development of my country's new power system. Under this trend, the proportion of new energy electricity may be significantly different at different times of the day, which will be reflected in the carbon emission factor. The volatility of the average carbon emission factor of the regional power grid at different times of the day will become more and more significant in the future; therefore, the traditional power grid average emission factor method with an annual time resolution is relatively rough and difficult to adapt to the development trend of the new power system, and the measurement error will become more and more obvious. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects, the present invention proposes a method and device for calculating the average carbon emission factor of the power grid taking into account inter-regional spot transactions.

[0006] In a first aspect, a method for calculating an average carbon emission factor of a power grid taking into account inter-regional spot transactions is provided. The method for calculating an average carbon emission factor of a power grid taking into account inter-regional spot transactions includes:

[0007] Determine the non-trading power information of each region based on the power information of each region and the spot market clearing results;

[0008] Determining the electricity carbon emission factor of the surplus electricity in each region based on the non-traded electricity information in each region;

[0009] Based on the electricity carbon emission factors of the surplus electricity in each region and the results of electricity transactions between regions, the average emission factors of the power grid in each region after considering the inter-regional spot transactions are determined.

[0010] Preferably, the power information includes: physical power flow distribution of the tie lines between regions, power generation of each region and local load on each region;

[0011] The spot market clearing results include: the distribution of inter-regional tie-line power flows generated by spot transactions, the traded power generation of each seller region in the spot market, and the power purchased by each region in the spot market;

[0012] The regional non-trading power information includes: the active power flux injected into each region, the transmission flow of the remaining power of the transmission channel between each region, the non-trading power generation of each region and the non-trading load of each region.

[0013] Furthermore, the active flux injected into each region is as follows:

[0014] ρ N,t =(ρ N,i,t ) N×1

[0015]

[0016] In the above formula, ρ N,t is the active flux vector injected into each region during period t, ρ N,i,t is the active flux injected into region i during period t, N is the total number of regions, Ω i is the external power collection injected into area i, ρ B,s,t is the power flow of external power s injected into area i, ρ G,i,t is the non-trading power generation in region i during period t.

[0017] Furthermore, the transmission flow of the remaining power in the transmission channels between the regions is as follows:

[0018] ρ B,t =P B,t -P′ B,t

[0019] In the above formula, ρ B,t is the transmission flow of the remaining power in the transmission channel between regions during period t, P B,t is the physical power flow distribution matrix of the regional tie line during period t, P′ B,t is the power flow distribution matrix of the inter-regional tie lines generated by spot trading during period t.

[0020] Furthermore, the non-trading power generation in each region is as follows:

[0021] ρ G,t =P G,t -P′ G,t

[0022] In the above formula, ρ G,t is the non-trading power generation vector of each region during period t, P G,t is the power generation vector of each region during period t, P′ G,t is the transaction power generation vector of each seller area in the spot market.

[0023] Furthermore, the non-transaction load of each area is as follows:

[0024] ρ D,j,t =P D,j,t -P′D,j,t

[0025] In the above formula, ρ D,j,t is the non-trading load vector of region j during period t, P D,j,t is the local load in area j during period t, P D ' ,j,t is the amount of electricity purchased by region j in the spot market during period t.

[0026] Furthermore, the local power generation carbon emission factors of the surplus electricity in each region are as follows:

[0027]

[0028] In the above formula, ε G,i,t is the local electricity generation carbon emission factor of the surplus electricity in region i during period t, K i is the set of units in region i, P Gk,i,t is the output of the kth unit in region i during period t, P′ Gk,i,t is the transaction power of the kth unit in region i as the seller node during period t, e Gk,i,t is the unit carbon emission factor of power generation of the kth unit in region i during period t.

[0029] Furthermore, the carbon emission factors of the surplus electricity in each region are as follows:

[0030]

[0031] In the above formula, ε D,t is the carbon emission factor vector of the surplus electricity in each region, ρ N,t The active flux vector injected into each region, ρ B,t is the transmission flow of the remaining power in the transmission channel between regions, ρ G,t is the non-traded power generation vector of each region, ε G,t is the local power generation carbon emission factor vector of the surplus electricity in each region, and T is the transposed sign.

[0032] Furthermore, the average emission factors of the power grid in each region after considering inter-regional spot transactions are as follows:

[0033]

[0034] In the above formula, e D,j,t N is the average emission factor of the power grid in region j during period t after considering inter-regional spot transactions. j is the electricity purchase transaction set of region j, e Gn,t is the carbon emission factor of the power supply side unit corresponding to the nth transaction in period t, P′ Dn,j,t is the amount of electricity purchased by region j in the spot market during period t in the nth transaction, εD,j,t is the carbon emission factor vector of the remaining electricity in region j during period t, ρ D,j,t is the non-trading load vector of region j during period t, ρ D,j,t =P D,j,t -P′ D,j,t , P D,j,t is the local load on area j during period t, P′ D,j,t is the amount of electricity purchased by region j in the spot market during period t.

[0035] In a second aspect, a device for calculating an average carbon emission factor of a power grid taking into account inter-regional spot transactions is provided. The device for calculating an average carbon emission factor of a power grid taking into account inter-regional spot transactions comprises:

[0036] The first determination module is used to determine the non-trading power information of each region based on the power information of each region and the spot market clearing results;

[0037] A second determination module is configured to determine the electricity carbon emission factor of the remaining electricity in each region based on the non-trading electricity information of each region;

[0038] The third determination module is used to determine the average emission factor of the power grid in each region after considering the inter-regional spot transactions based on the electricity carbon emission factor of the surplus electricity in each region and the results of the electricity transactions between the regions.

[0039] Preferably, the power information includes: physical power flow distribution of the tie lines between regions, power generation of each region and local load on each region;

[0040] The spot market clearing results include: the distribution of inter-regional tie-line power flows generated by spot transactions, the traded power generation of each seller region in the spot market, and the power purchased by each region in the spot market;

[0041] The regional non-trading power information includes: the active power flux injected into each region, the transmission flow of the remaining power of the transmission channel between each region, the non-trading power generation of each region and the non-trading load of each region.

[0042] Furthermore, the active flux injected into each region is as follows:

[0043] ρ N,t =(ρ N,i,t ) N×1

[0044]

[0045] In the above formula, ρ N,t is the active flux vector injected into each region during period t, ρ N,i,t is the active flux injected into region i during period t, N is the total number of regions, Ω iis the external power collection injected into area i, ρ B,s,t is the power flow of external power s injected into area i, ρ G,i,t is the non-trading power generation in region i during period t.

[0046] Furthermore, the transmission flow of the remaining power in the transmission channels between the regions is as follows:

[0047] ρ B,t =P B,t -P′ B,t

[0048] In the above formula, ρ B,t is the transmission flow of the remaining power in the transmission channel between regions during period t, P B,t is the physical power flow distribution matrix of the regional tie line during period t, P′ B,t is the power flow distribution matrix of the inter-regional tie lines generated by spot trading during period t.

[0049] Furthermore, the non-trading power generation in each region is as follows:

[0050] ρ G,t =P G,t -P′ G,t

[0051] In the above formula, ρ G,t is the non-trading power generation vector of each region during period t, P G,t is the power generation vector of each region during period t, P′ G,t is the transaction power generation vector of each seller area in the spot market.

[0052] Furthermore, the non-transaction load of each area is as follows:

[0053] ρ D,j,t =P D,j,t -P′ D,j,t

[0054] In the above formula, ρ D,j,t is the non-trading load vector of region j during period t, P D,j,t is the local load on area j during period t, P′ D,j,t is the amount of electricity purchased by region j in the spot market during period t.

[0055] Furthermore, the local power generation carbon emission factors of the surplus electricity in each region are as follows:

[0056]

[0057] In the above formula, ε G,i,t is the local electricity generation carbon emission factor of the surplus electricity in region i during period t, K i is the set of units in region i, P Gk,i,tis the output of the kth unit in region i during period t, P′ Gk,i,t is the transaction power of the kth unit in region i as the seller node during period t, e Gk,i,t is the unit carbon emission factor of power generation of the kth unit in region i during period t.

[0058] Furthermore, the carbon emission factors of the surplus electricity in each region are as follows:

[0059]

[0060] In the above formula, ε D,t is the carbon emission factor vector of the surplus electricity in each region, ρ N,t The active flux vector injected into each region, ρ B,t is the transmission flow of the remaining power in the transmission channel between regions, ρ G,t is the non-traded power generation vector of each region, ε G,t is the local power generation carbon emission factor vector of the surplus electricity in each region, and T is the transposed sign.

[0061] Furthermore, the average emission factors of the power grid in each region after considering inter-regional spot transactions are as follows:

[0062]

[0063] In the above formula, e D,j,t N is the average emission factor of the power grid in region j during period t after considering inter-regional spot transactions. j is the electricity purchase transaction set of region j, e Gn,t is the carbon emission factor of the power supply side unit corresponding to the nth transaction in period t, P′ Dn,j,t is the amount of electricity purchased by region j in the spot market during period t in the nth transaction, ε D,j,t is the carbon emission factor vector of the remaining electricity in region j during period t, ρ D,j,t is the non-trading load vector of region j during period t, ρ D,j,t =P D,j,t -P′ D,j,t , P D,j,t is the local load on area j during period t, P′ D,j,t is the amount of electricity purchased by region j in the spot market during period t.

[0064] In a third aspect, a computer device is provided, comprising: one or more processors;

[0065] The processor is configured to execute one or more programs;

[0066] When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the method for calculating the average carbon emission factor of the power grid considering inter-regional spot transactions is implemented.

[0067] In a fourth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed, the method for calculating the average carbon emission factor of the power grid considering inter-regional spot transactions is implemented.

[0068] The above one or more technical solutions of the present invention have at least one or more of the following beneficial effects:

[0069] The present invention provides a method and device for calculating the average carbon emission factor of a power grid that takes into account inter-regional spot transactions, including: determining each region's non-trading power information based on each region's power information and spot market clearing results; determining the electricity consumption carbon emission factor of each region's remaining power based on the non-trading power information of each region; and determining the average power grid emission factor of each region after taking into account inter-regional spot transactions based on the electricity consumption carbon emission factor of each region's remaining power and the inter-regional electricity transaction results. The technical solution provided by the present invention can avoid the problem of repeated calculation of carbon emissions of spot market traded electricity and the environmental attributes of green electricity, and improve the calculation accuracy and rationality of the average carbon emission factor of the regional power grid. Furthermore, the technical solution provided by the present invention has the ability to measure electricity carbon emissions with time resolution, and can enable electricity users who do not participate in spot market transactions to reduce their own electricity consumption carbon emission levels by adjusting their own electricity consumption behavior. This increases the carbon reduction channels for electricity users and is expected to enrich the means for export-oriented enterprises to cope with international carbon tariff barriers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0070] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the main steps of a method for calculating the average carbon emission factor of a power grid considering inter-regional spot transactions according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0071] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the topology of a 4-node system and the power flow distribution in the current period according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0072] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a 4-node power system after lossless network equivalent according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0073] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the remaining power and power flow distribution after deducting spot transaction power generation, inter-regional channel transmission flow and power consumption after considering spot transactions in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0074] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0075] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0076] As disclosed in the background technology, electricity is an important form of terminal energy consumption and is closely related to almost every enterprise. The indirect carbon emissions caused by electricity consumption behavior occupy an important position in the carbon emission composition of many enterprises: taking the "new three things" represented by "electric vehicles", "photovoltaics" and "batteries" as an example, their indirect carbon emissions from electricity consumption account for about 70% of the total carbon footprint of the above three types of products. With the introduction of policies such as the EU carbon tariff and the new battery bill, export-oriented enterprises will pay more and more attention to their own carbon emission levels, and the carbon footprint of products will also become a key assessment factor when exporting the "new three things". Therefore, a reasonable method for measuring indirect carbon emissions from electricity consumption is very important. It is a basic technology to grasp the company's own carbon emission level and support the company to reasonably formulate carbon reduction and emission reduction strategies.

[0077] Currently, the carbon emissions from corporate electricity consumption are primarily calculated using the grid's average carbon emission factor. This factor is derived from the carbon emissions of each region's physical inflow of electricity and the carbon emissions of each region's locally generated electricity. This value primarily reflects the region's average annual carbon content per kilowatt-hour. Under this carbon accounting rule, regions with lower factors are more attractive to export-oriented companies, as they bear less carbon emissions responsibility for consuming the same amount of electricity in regions with lower factors. This suggests that, under international green trade barriers, the grid's average carbon emission factor has become a powerful tool for attracting low-carbon businesses, and regional governments and power companies are increasingly motivated to reduce their own grid average emission factors.

[0078] Traditional grid-average carbon emission factors are primarily calculated based on local territorial carbon emission factors, without considering the impact of trading activities. However, the purchase of electricity actually transfers carbon emission responsibilities and environmental attributes. Therefore, the carbon emission transfer process of traded electricity should be clarified when calculating the factor. Currently, interregional spot trading of electricity has begun to take shape. Although the interregional spot trading market was not originally designed to provide a platform for regions to purchase clean electricity, after accounting for spot trading, there is inevitably a certain difference between the physical amount of electricity exchanged between regions and the amount of electricity exchanged after spot trading. As regions increasingly focus on their own clean electricity consumption levels, the impact of interregional spot trading on the regional grid's average electricity consumption carbon emission factor cannot be ignored. In addition, the access of a high proportion of new energy is an important trend in the development of my country's new power system. Under this trend, the proportion of new energy electricity may be significantly different at different times of the day, which will be reflected in the carbon emission factor. The volatility of the average carbon emission factor of the regional power grid at different times of the day will become more and more significant in the future; therefore, the traditional power grid average emission factor method with an annual time resolution is relatively rough and difficult to adapt to the development trend of the new power system, and the measurement error will become more and more obvious.

[0079] To improve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a method and device for calculating the average carbon emission factor of the power grid taking into account inter-regional spot transactions, including: determining the non-trading power information of each region based on the power information of each region and the results of spot market clearing; determining the carbon emission factor of the electricity consumption of the remaining power in each region based on the non-trading power information of each region; and determining the average emission factor of the power grid in each region after considering inter-regional spot transactions based on the carbon emission factor of the electricity consumption of the remaining power in each region and the results of inter-regional electricity transactions. The technical solution provided by the present invention can avoid the problem of repeated calculation of carbon emissions of spot market traded electricity and environmental attributes of green electricity, and improve the calculation accuracy and rationality of the average carbon emission factor of the regional power grid. Furthermore, the technical solution provided by the present invention has the ability to measure carbon emissions of electricity consumption with time resolution, which can enable electricity users who do not participate in spot market transactions to reduce their own electricity consumption carbon emission levels by adjusting their own electricity consumption behavior. This increases the carbon reduction channels for electricity users and is expected to enrich the means for export-oriented enterprises to cope with international carbon tariff barriers.

[0080] The above scheme is described in detail below.

[0081] Example 1

[0082] See attached Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the main steps of a method for calculating the average carbon emission factor of a power grid considering inter-regional spot transactions according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1As shown, the method for calculating the average carbon emission factor of the power grid considering inter-regional spot transactions in the embodiment of the present invention mainly includes the following steps:

[0083] Step S101: determining non-trading power information of each region based on the power information of each region and the spot market clearing result;

[0084] Step S102: determining the electricity carbon emission factor of the remaining electricity in each region based on the non-trading electricity information of each region;

[0085] Step S103: Based on the electricity carbon emission factors of the surplus electricity in each region and the results of electricity transactions between regions, the average emission factor of the power grid in each region after considering the inter-regional spot transactions is determined.

[0086] In this embodiment, the power information includes: the physical flow distribution of the tie lines between the regions, the power generation of each region, and the local load on each region;

[0087] The spot market clearing results include: the distribution of inter-regional tie-line power flows generated by spot transactions, the traded power generation of each seller region in the spot market, and the power purchased by each region in the spot market;

[0088] The regional non-trading power information includes: the active power flux injected into each region, the transmission flow of the remaining power of the transmission channel between each region, the non-trading power generation of each region and the non-trading load of each region.

[0089] In one embodiment, the active flux injected into each region is as follows:

[0090] ρ N,t =(ρ N,i,t ) N×1

[0091]

[0092] In the above formula, ρ N,t is the active flux vector injected into each region during period t, ρ N,i,t is the active flux injected into region i during period t, N is the total number of regions, Ω i is the external power collection injected into area i, ρ B,s,t is the power flow of external power s injected into area i, ρ G,i,t is the non-trading power generation in region i during period t.

[0093] In one embodiment, the transmission flow of the remaining power of the inter-regional transmission channels is as follows:

[0094] ρ B,t =P B,t -P′ B,t

[0095] In the above formula, ρ B,t is the transmission flow of the remaining power in the transmission channel between regions during period t, P B,t is the physical power flow distribution matrix of the regional tie line during period t, P′ B,t is the power distribution matrix of the inter-regional tie line generated by spot trading during period t. B,t =(P Bij,t ) N×N .P Bij,t is the physical power flow distribution of the tie line between regions ij during period t, P B,t It is an N-order square matrix. The elements in the matrix are specifically defined as follows: If there is a branch connecting area i and area j (i, j = 1, 2, ..., N), and the positive active power flow flowing into node j through this branch in time period t is p, then P Bij,t =p,P Bji,t =0; if the active power flow p flowing through the branch is a reverse flow, then P Bij,t =0,P Bji,t =p; otherwise P Bij,t =P Bji,t = 0. In particular, for all diagonal elements, P Bii,t = 0. P′ B,t =(P′ Bij,t ) N×N . P′ Bij,t is the power flow distribution of the interconnection line between regions ij generated by spot trading in period t. The elements in the matrix are defined as: the total transmission flow generated by the channel between regions i and j in period t in spot trading. If the channel capacity between regions i and j is not used in spot trading, the corresponding element is 0.

[0096] In one embodiment, the non-trading power generation of each region is as follows:

[0097] ρ G,t =P G,t -P′ G,t

[0098] In the above formula, ρ G,t is the non-trading power generation vector of each region during period t, P G,t is the power generation vector of each region during period t, P′ G,t is the transaction power generation vector of each seller area in the spot market.

[0099] In one embodiment, the non-transaction load of each area is as follows:

[0100] ρ D,j,t =P D,j,t -P′ D,j,t

[0101] In the above formula, ρ D,j,tis the non-trading load vector of region j during period t, P D,j,t is the local load on area j during period t, P′ D,j,t is the amount of electricity purchased by region j in the spot market during period t.

[0102] In one embodiment, the local power generation carbon emission factors of the surplus electricity in each region are as follows:

[0103]

[0104] In the above formula, ε G,i,t is the local electricity generation carbon emission factor of the surplus electricity in region i during period t, K i is the set of units in region i, P Gk,i,t is the output of the kth unit in region i during period t, P′ Gk,i,t is the transaction power of the kth unit in region i as the seller node during period t, e Gk,i,t is the unit carbon emission factor of power generation of the kth unit in region i during period t.

[0105] In one embodiment, the carbon emission factors of the surplus electricity in each region are as follows:

[0106]

[0107] In the above formula, ε D,t is the carbon emission factor vector of the surplus electricity in each region, ρ N,t The active flux vector injected into each region, ρ B,t is the transmission flow of the remaining power in the transmission channel between regions, ρ G,t is the non-traded power generation vector of each region, ε G,t is the local power generation carbon emission factor vector of the surplus electricity in each region, and T is the transposed sign.

[0108] In another embodiment, the carbon emission factor of the electricity consumption of the surplus electricity in each area can be solved by combining the recursive algorithm of the power system carbon emission flow analysis theory. This method first calculates the carbon emission factor of the electricity consumption of the surplus electricity in the power type area, and then calculates it step by step from the power type area to the user type area according to the flow direction.

[0109] In one embodiment, the average emission factor of the power grid in each region after considering inter-regional spot transactions is as follows:

[0110]

[0111] In the above formula, e D,j,t N is the average emission factor of the power grid in region j during period t after considering inter-regional spot transactions. j is the electricity purchase transaction set of region j, e Gn,tis the carbon emission factor of the power supply side unit corresponding to the nth transaction in period t, P′ Dn,j,t is the amount of electricity purchased by region j in the spot market during period t in the nth transaction, ε D,j,t is the carbon emission factor vector of the remaining electricity in region j during period t, ρ D,j,t is the non-trading load vector of region j during period t, ρ D,j,t =P D,j,t -P′ D,j,t , P D,j,t is the local load on area j during period t, P′ D,j,t is the amount of electricity purchased by region j in the spot market during period t.

[0112] In a specific embodiment, the present invention mainly deduces a calculation method for the average carbon emission factor of the regional power grid considering the impact of spot transactions based on a 4-node example. The schematic diagram of the 4-node system and the current period of power flow distribution is shown as follows: Figure 2 The transmission line parameters, inter-regional transaction information and system architecture of this example system are from: Guan Li, Chang Jiang, Sun Dayan, et al. Analysis and thinking on the trial operation of inter-regional electricity spot market [J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2024, 48(11): 2-10. The schematic diagram of the 4-node power system after lossless network equivalence is shown in the figure below. Figure 3 Assume that the carbon emission factor of thermal power generation is 0.8kgCO2 / kWh, and the carbon emission factors of hydropower, wind power, and photovoltaic power generation are all 0kgCO2 / kWh.

[0113] According to the recursive algorithm, the average carbon emission factors of the power grids in regions A, B, C, and D during this period are calculated before considering inter-regional spot transactions:

[0114] First, calculate the average carbon emission factor of the power grid in area B without considering the spot trading results:

[0115]

[0116] Then, the average carbon emission factors of the power grids in regions A and D without considering the results of spot transactions are calculated:

[0117]

[0118] Finally, calculate the average carbon emission factor of the power grid in region C without considering the spot trading results:

[0119]

[0120] After taking spot transactions into account, the calculated results of the average grid emission factors in each region will change. The system includes three spot transactions: hydropower units in region A sell 30MWh to region C via the AC inter-regional DC channel (of which 1.5MWh is consumed by grid losses); thermal power units in region B sell 30MWh to region C via the AC inter-regional DC channel (of which 1.5MWh is consumed by grid losses); and hydropower units in region B sell 34MWh to region C via the BD inter-regional DC channel (of which 1.36MWh is consumed by grid losses).

[0121] After considering the transaction, the remaining power and power flow distribution after deducting the spot transaction power generation, inter-regional channel transmission flow and power consumption are as follows: Figure 4 shown.

[0122] According to the recursive algorithm, the average carbon emission factor of the remaining power in the four regions A, B, C, and D during this period is calculated after deducting the spot transaction power:

[0123] First, calculate the average carbon emission factor of the power grid in area B without considering the spot trading results:

[0124]

[0125] Then, the average carbon emission factors of the power grids in regions A and D without considering the results of spot transactions are calculated:

[0126]

[0127] Finally, calculate the average carbon emission factor of the power grid in region C without considering the spot trading results:

[0128]

[0129] For region C, which purchased three electricity transactions in the spot market, the average carbon emission factor of the power grid considering spot transactions is:

[0130]

[0131] Considering the calculation results of the average carbon emission factors of the power grids in the four regions A, B, C, and D during this period before and after spot transactions, the comparison is shown in Table 1:

[0132] Table 1

[0133] Factor value A B C D Not considering spot transactions (kgCO2 / kWh) 0.356 0.25 0.322 0.372 Consider spot trading (kgCO2 / kWh) 0.4167 0.167 0.329 0.3865

[0134] As can be seen from Table 1, Region A sold 30MWh of hydropower in the spot market, and its emission factor increased compared to before spot trading was taken into account; Region B sold 30MWh of thermal power and 34MWh of hydropower at the same time, and the overall carbon emission factor level of Region B actually decreased after the transaction; Region C purchased 89.7MWh of electricity from the spot market, 2 / 3 of which came from hydropower, so the carbon emission factor level of this region decreased after the transaction; Region D did not sell or buy, but because it transmitted 32.7MWh of hydropower as an intermediate node, when the environmental attributes of this hydropower were fully attributed to Region C, it was equivalent to the environmental attributes of the electricity flowing through Region D also needing to be attributed to Region C, resulting in a slight increase in the average carbon emission factor of the power grid in Region D.

[0135] Example 2

[0136] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a device for calculating the average carbon emission factor of a power grid taking into account inter-regional spot transactions. The device for calculating the average carbon emission factor of a power grid taking into account inter-regional spot transactions comprises:

[0137] The first determination module is used to determine the non-trading power information of each region based on the power information of each region and the spot market clearing results;

[0138] A second determination module is configured to determine the electricity carbon emission factor of the remaining electricity in each region based on the non-trading electricity information of each region;

[0139] The third determination module is used to determine the average emission factor of the power grid in each region after considering the inter-regional spot transactions based on the electricity carbon emission factor of the surplus electricity in each region and the results of the electricity transactions between the regions.

[0140] Preferably, the power information includes: physical power flow distribution of the tie lines between regions, power generation of each region and local load on each region;

[0141] The spot market clearing results include: the distribution of inter-regional tie-line power flows generated by spot transactions, the traded power generation of each seller region in the spot market, and the power purchased by each region in the spot market;

[0142] The regional non-trading power information includes: the active power flux injected into each region, the transmission flow of the remaining power of the transmission channel between each region, the non-trading power generation of each region and the non-trading load of each region.

[0143] Furthermore, the active flux injected into each region is as follows:

[0144] ρ N,t =(ρ N,i,t ) N×1

[0145]

[0146] In the above formula, ρ N,t is the active flux vector injected into each region during period t, ρ N,i,t is the active flux injected into region i during period t, N is the total number of regions, Ω i is the external power collection injected into area i, ρ B,s,t is the power flow of external power s injected into area i, ρ G,i,t is the non-trading power generation in region i during period t.

[0147] Furthermore, the transmission flow of the remaining power in the transmission channels between the regions is as follows:

[0148] ρ B,t =P B,t -P′ B,t

[0149] In the above formula, ρ B,t is the transmission flow of the remaining power in the transmission channel between regions during period t, P B,t is the physical power flow distribution matrix of the regional tie line during period t, P′ B,t is the power flow distribution matrix of the inter-regional tie lines generated by spot trading during period t.

[0150] Furthermore, the non-trading power generation in each region is as follows:

[0151] ρ G,t =P G,t -P′ G,t

[0152] In the above formula, ρ G,t is the non-trading power generation vector of each region during period t, P G,t is the power generation vector of each region during period t, P′ G,t is the transaction power generation vector of each seller area in the spot market.

[0153] Furthermore, the non-transaction load of each area is as follows:

[0154] ρ D,j,t =P D,j,t -P′ D,j,t

[0155] In the above formula, ρ D,j,t is the non-trading load vector of region j during period t, P D,j,t is the local load on area j during period t, P′ D,j,t is the amount of electricity purchased by region j in the spot market during period t.

[0156] Furthermore, the local power generation carbon emission factors of the surplus electricity in each region are as follows:

[0157]

[0158] In the above formula, ε G,i,t is the local electricity generation carbon emission factor of the surplus electricity in region i during period t, K i is the set of units in region i, P Gk,i,t is the output of the kth unit in region i during period t, P′ Gk,i,t is the transaction power of the kth unit in region i as the seller node during period t, e Gk,i,t is the unit power generation carbon emission factor of the k-th unit in region i during period t.

[0159] Furthermore, the carbon emission factors of the surplus electricity in each region are as follows:

[0160]

[0161] In the above formula, ε D,t is the carbon emission factor vector of the surplus electricity in each region, ρ N,t The active flux vector injected into each region, ρ B,t is the transmission flow of the remaining power in the transmission channel between regions, ρ G,t is the non-traded power generation vector of each region, ε G,t is the local power generation carbon emission factor vector of the surplus electricity in each region, and T is the transposed sign.

[0162] Furthermore, the average emission factors of the power grid in each region after considering inter-regional spot transactions are as follows:

[0163]

[0164] In the above formula, e D,j,t N is the average emission factor of the power grid in region j during period t after considering inter-regional spot transactions. j is the electricity purchase transaction set of region j, e Gn,t is the carbon emission factor of the power supply side unit corresponding to the nth transaction in period t, P′ Dn,j,t is the amount of electricity purchased by region j in the spot market during period t in the nth transaction, ε D,j,t is the carbon emission factor vector of the remaining electricity in region j during period t, ρ D,j,t is the non-trading load vector of region j during period t, ρ D,j,t =P D,j,t -P′ D,j,t , P D,j,t is the local load on area j during period t, P′ D,j,t is the amount of electricity purchased by region j in the spot market during period t.

[0165] Example 3

[0166] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a computer device, which includes a processor and a memory, the memory being used to store a computer program, the computer program including program instructions, and the processor being used to execute the program instructions stored in the computer storage medium. The processor may be a central processing unit (CPU), or may be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. It is the computing core and control core of the terminal, which is suitable for implementing one or more instructions, specifically suitable for loading and executing one or more instructions in the computer storage medium to implement the corresponding method flow or corresponding function, so as to implement the steps of a method for calculating the average carbon emission factor of the power grid considering inter-regional spot transactions in the above embodiment.

[0167] Example 4

[0168] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a storage medium, specifically a computer-readable storage medium (Memory), which is a memory device in a computer device for storing programs and data. It can be understood that the computer-readable storage medium here can include both built-in storage media in the computer device and, of course, extended storage media supported by the computer device. The computer-readable storage medium provides a storage space, which stores the operating system of the terminal. In addition, one or more instructions suitable for being loaded and executed by the processor are also stored in the storage space. These instructions can be one or more computer programs (including program codes). It should be noted that the computer-readable storage medium here can be a high-speed RAM memory or a non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk memory. The processor can load and execute one or more instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium to implement the steps of a method for calculating the average carbon emission factor of the power grid considering inter-regional spot transactions in the above embodiment.

[0169] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Thus, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to magnetic disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0170] The present invention is described with reference to flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that each process and / or block in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, as well as combinations of processes and / or blocks in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0171] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0172] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operational steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable device for implementing the process. Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A step that specifies a function in one or more boxes.

[0173] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents. Any modification or equivalent replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered by the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for calculating the average carbon emission factor of a power grid considering inter-regional spot transactions, characterized in that: The method comprises: Determine the non-trading power information of each region based on the power information of each region and the spot market clearing results; Determining the electricity carbon emission factor of the surplus electricity in each region based on the non-traded electricity information in each region; Based on the electricity carbon emission factors of the surplus electricity in each region and the results of electricity transactions between regions, the average emission factors of the power grid in each region after considering the inter-regional spot transactions are determined.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein The power information includes: the physical flow distribution of the tie lines between the regions, the power generation of each region and the local load of each region; The spot market clearing results include: the distribution of inter-regional tie-line power flows generated by spot transactions, the traded power generation of each seller region in the spot market, and the power purchased by each region in the spot market; The regional non-trading power information includes: the active power flux injected into each region, the transmission flow of the remaining power of the transmission channel between each region, the non-trading power generation of each region and the non-trading load of each region.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein The active flux injected into each area is as follows: r N,t =(ρ N,i,t ) N×1 In the above formula, ρ N,t is the active flux vector injected into each region during period t, ρ N,i,t is the active flux injected into region i during period t, N is the total number of regions, Ω i is the external power collection injected into area i, ρ B,s,t is the power flow of external power s injected into area i, ρ G,i,t is the non-trading power generation in region i during period t.

4. The method according to claim 2, wherein The transmission flow of the remaining electricity in the transmission channels between the regions is as follows: r B,t =P B,t -P′ B,t In the above formula, ρ B,t is the transmission flow of the remaining power in the transmission channel between regions during period t, P B,t is the physical power flow distribution matrix of the regional tie line during period t, P′ B,t is the inter-regional tie line power flow distribution matrix generated by spot trading during period t.

5. The method according to claim 2, wherein The non-traded power generation in each region is as follows: r G,t =P G,t -P′ G,t In the above formula, ρ G,t is the non-trading power generation vector of each region during period t, P G,t is the power generation vector of each region during period t, P′ G,t is the transaction power generation vector of each seller area in the spot market.

6. The method according to claim 2, wherein The non-transaction loads of each area are as follows: r D,j,t =P D,j,t -P′ D,j,t In the above formula, ρ D,j,t is the non-trading load vector of region j during period t, P D,j,t is the local load on area j during period t, P′ D,j,t is the amount of electricity purchased by region j in the spot market during period t.

7. The method according to claim 2, wherein The local generation carbon emission factors for the surplus electricity in each region are as follows: In the above formula, ε G,i,t is the local electricity generation carbon emission factor of the surplus electricity in region i during period t, K i is the set of units in region i, P Gk,i,t is the output of the kth unit in region i during period t, P′ Gk,i,t is the transaction power of the kth unit in region i as the seller node during period t, e Gk,i,t is the unit carbon emission factor of power generation of the kth unit in region i during period t.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein The carbon emission factors for the surplus electricity in each region are as follows: In the above formula, ε D,t is the carbon emission factor vector of the surplus electricity in each region, ρ N,t The active flux vector injected into each region, ρ B,t is the transmission flow of the remaining power in the transmission channel between regions, ρ G,t is the non-traded power generation vector of each region, ε G,t is the local power generation carbon emission factor vector of the surplus electricity in each region, and T is the transposed sign.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein The average emission factors of the power grid in each region after considering inter-regional spot transactions are as follows: In the above formula, e D,j,t N is the average emission factor of the power grid in region j during period t after considering inter-regional spot transactions. j is the electricity purchase transaction set of region j, e Gn,t is the carbon emission factor of the power supply side unit corresponding to the nth transaction in period t, P′ Dn,j,t is the amount of electricity purchased by region j in the spot market during period t in the nth transaction, ε D,j,t is the carbon emission factor vector of the remaining electricity in region j during period t, ρ D,j,t is the non-trading load vector of region j during period t, ρ D,j,t =P D,j,t -P′ D,j,t , P D,j,t is the local load on area j during period t, P′ D,j,t is the amount of electricity purchased by region j in the spot market during period t.

10. A device for calculating the average carbon emission factor of a power grid taking into account inter-regional spot transactions, characterized in that: The device comprises: The first determination module is used to determine the non-trading power information of each region based on the power information of each region and the spot market clearing results; A second determination module is configured to determine the electricity carbon emission factor of the remaining electricity in each region based on the non-trading electricity information of each region; The third determination module is used to determine the average emission factor of the power grid in each region after considering the inter-regional spot transactions based on the electricity carbon emission factor of the surplus electricity in each region and the results of the electricity transactions between the regions.

11. The device according to claim 9, wherein The power information includes: the physical flow distribution of the tie lines between the regions, the power generation of each region and the local load of each region; The spot market clearing results include: the distribution of inter-regional tie-line power flows generated by spot transactions, the traded power generation of each seller region in the spot market, and the power purchased by each region in the spot market; The regional non-trading power information includes: the active power flux injected into each region, the transmission flow of the remaining power of the transmission channel between each region, the non-trading power generation of each region and the non-trading load of each region.

12. The device according to claim 11, wherein The active flux injected into each area is as follows: r N,t =(ρ N,i,t ) N×1 In the above formula, ρ N,t is the active flux vector injected into each region during period t, ρ N,i,t is the active flux injected into region i during period t, N is the total number of regions, Ω i is the external power collection injected into area i, ρ B,s,t is the power flow of external power s injected into area i, ρ G,i,t is the non-trading power generation in region i during period t.

13. The device according to claim 11, wherein The transmission flow of the remaining electricity in the transmission channels between the regions is as follows: r B,t =P B,t -P′ B,t In the above formula, ρ B,t is the transmission flow of the remaining power in the transmission channel between regions during period t, P B,t is the physical power flow distribution matrix of the regional tie line during period t, P′ B,t is the inter-regional tie line power flow distribution matrix generated by spot trading during period t.

14. The device according to claim 11, wherein The non-traded power generation in each region is as follows: r G,t =P G,t -P′ G,t In the above formula, ρ G,t is the non-trading power generation vector of each region during period t, P G,t is the power generation vector of each region during period t, P′ G,t is the transaction power generation vector of each seller area in the spot market.

15. The device according to claim 11, wherein The non-transaction loads of each area are as follows: r D,j,t =P D,j,t -P′ D,j,t In the above formula, ρ D,j,t is the non-trading load vector of region j during period t, P D,j,t is the local load on area j during period t, P′ D,j,t is the amount of electricity purchased by region j in the spot market during period t.

16. The device according to claim 11, wherein The local generation carbon emission factors for the surplus electricity in each region are as follows: In the above formula, ε G,i,t is the local electricity generation carbon emission factor of the surplus electricity in region i during period t, K i is the set of units in region i, P Gk,i,t is the output of the kth unit in region i during period t, P′ Gk,i,t is the transaction power of the kth unit in region i as the seller node during period t, e Gk,i,t is the unit carbon emission factor of power generation of the kth unit in region i during period t.

17. The device according to claim 16, wherein The carbon emission factors for the surplus electricity in each region are as follows: In the above formula, ε D,t is the carbon emission factor vector of the surplus electricity in each region, ρ N,t The active flux vector injected into each region, ρ B,t is the transmission flow of the remaining power in the transmission channel between regions, ρ G,t is the non-traded power generation vector of each region, ε G,t is the local power generation carbon emission factor vector of the surplus electricity in each region, and T is the transposed sign.

18. The device according to claim 17, wherein The average emission factors of the power grid in each region after considering inter-regional spot transactions are as follows: In the above formula, e D,j,t N is the average emission factor of the power grid in region j during period t after considering inter-regional spot transactions. j is the electricity purchase transaction set of region j, e Gn,t is the carbon emission factor of the power supply side unit corresponding to the nth transaction in period t, P′ Dn,j,t is the amount of electricity purchased by region j in the spot market during period t in the nth transaction, ε D,j,t is the carbon emission factor vector of the remaining electricity in region j during period t, ρ D,j,t is the non-trading load vector of region j during period t, ρ D,j,t =P D,j,t -P′ D,j,t , P D,j,t is the local load on area j during period t, P′ D,j,t is the amount of electricity purchased by region j in the spot market during period t.

19. A computer device, characterized in that: include: one or more processors; The processor is configured to execute one or more programs; When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the method for calculating the average carbon emission factor of the power grid considering inter-regional spot transactions as described in any one of claims 1 to 9 is implemented.

20. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that A computer program is stored thereon, which, when executed, implements the method for calculating the average carbon emission factor of the power grid taking into account inter-regional spot transactions as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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