Building heat emission model modeling method and device, terminal and medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a building heat emission model modeling method and device, a terminal and a medium, and the method comprises the steps: firstly collecting building structure data and heat emission environment data of a target area, calculating artificial emission heat emitted by an air conditioner outdoor unit assembled on a building through an enthalpy difference method, and superposing the artificial emission heat to obtain dynamic heat emission data; dividing a heat storage space by taking an air conditioner position as an original point, and establishing a temperature change calculation formula in combination with a wind speed condition to calculate air flux change caused by a hot-pressing effect; thirdly, layering the urban canopies according to the vertical height, calculating the hot pressure difference formed by the air density difference of each layer, and constructing an interlayer heat transfer relationship; finally, integration of the coupling relation between the temperature rise data of the heat storage space and the thermal layer is achieved, the heat emission distribution and the temperature rise trend of the building in the target area under different wind speed conditions are simulated, and the technical problem that an existing heat emission temperature rise calculation simulation method is large in calculation error is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of urban environmental engineering technology, and in particular to a method, device, terminal and medium for modeling a building heat emission model. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of global urbanization, high-density residential areas in hot and humid regions, where concentrated populations and dense buildings are present, are increasingly facing the problem of deteriorating outdoor thermal environments caused by air conditioning heat rejection during the summer. The compact building layouts in these high-density residential areas significantly hinder the diffusion of incoming air within the neighborhood, leading to the continuous accumulation of heat rejection from air conditioning equipment in numerous buildings. This resulting "heat accumulation" effect significantly impacts the outdoor thermal environment, leading to a cumulative increase in air conditioning energy consumption and heat rejection, creating a vicious cycle.

[0003] Existing heat emission and temperature rise calculation simulation models mostly simplify air conditioning heat exhaust into fixed parameters, ignore the time-varying characteristics of exhaust vent heat exhaust, surface convection heat transfer and long-wave radiation heat dissipation, and do not take into account the impact of building layout on heat exhaust. As a result, the existing heat emission and temperature rise calculation simulation has technical problems such as large calculation errors. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application provides a building heat emission modeling method, device, terminal and medium for solving the technical problem of large calculation errors in existing heat emission temperature rise calculation simulation.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the first aspect of the present application provides a building heat emission simulation model modeling method, comprising:

[0006] Collect building structure data and heat emission environment data of the target area;

[0007] By using the enthalpy difference method and radiation heat transfer logic, a man-made heat emission calculation model is constructed, which is used to quantify the heat emission data of the air conditioner outdoor unit;

[0008] Constructing a temperature change model based on the building structure data and the distribution state and heat emission data of the air-conditioning outdoor units in the target area. The temperature change model is used to determine the distribution state of the heat storage space in the target area and the temperature change data of the heat storage space under different outdoor wind speed conditions, wherein the heat storage space is a virtual space divided based on the location of the air-conditioning outdoor units;

[0009] Based on the distribution of the heat storage space and the urban canopy spatial structure of the target area, the urban canopy spatial structure is divided into several thermodynamic layers along the vertical direction, and a heat balance relationship between adjacent thermodynamic layers is constructed. Based on the division results of the thermodynamic layers and the heat balance relationship, a heat uplift model is constructed;

[0010] Based on the integration of the temperature change model and the heat rise model, a building heat emission simulation model is obtained, and according to the calculation of the building heat emission simulation model, a building heat emission simulation result of the target area is obtained.

[0011] Preferably, the calculation formula of the anthropogenic heat emission calculation model is:

[0012]

[0013]

[0014]

[0015]

[0016] Where, is the heat emission data of the air conditioner outdoor unit at time t, The heat is dissipated from the air outlet of the air conditioner outdoor unit at time t. is the convective heat transfer of the air conditioner outdoor unit surface at time t, The long-wave radiation heat dissipation on the surface of the air conditioner outdoor unit at time t is: and are the specific heat capacity of air at the air outlet and side air inlet of the air conditioner outdoor unit at time t and average temperature, and are the air densities at the air outlet and side air inlet of the air conditioner outdoor unit at time t and average temperature, and is the wind speed at the side air inlet and rear air inlet of the air conditioner outdoor unit at time t; and Indicates the area of ​​the side air inlet and rear air inlet of the air conditioner outdoor unit; and They are the exhaust temperature of the air outlet of the air conditioner outdoor unit and the inlet temperature of the side air inlet; is the inlet air temperature at the back air inlet; is the heat removal time, is the surface area of ​​the air conditioner outdoor unit; is the surface heat transfer coefficient of the air conditioner outdoor unit, is the surface of the air conditioner outdoor unit at time t, is the air temperature near the surface of the air conditioner outdoor unit at time t, is the surface emissivity of the air conditioner outdoor unit, Represents the blackbody radiation coefficient.

[0017] Preferably, constructing the temperature change model according to the building structure data and the distribution state and heat emission data of the air-conditioning outdoor units in the target area specifically includes:

[0018] Based on the building structure data and the distribution status and heat emission data of the air-conditioning outdoor units in the target area, space division is performed with each air-conditioning outdoor unit as the origin and in combination with a preset space size threshold to obtain the heat storage space corresponding to each air-conditioning outdoor unit;

[0019] Based on the heat storage space, combined with the preset outdoor wind speed conditions and the heat transfer relationship under different outdoor wind speed conditions, a temperature change calculation formula under the outdoor wind speed conditions is determined, and a temperature change model is constructed according to the temperature change calculation formula.

[0020] Preferably, the outdoor wind speed conditions include: normal wind speed conditions and low wind speed conditions.

[0021] Preferably, the temperature change calculation formula is specifically:

[0022]

[0023] Where, is the temperature change data of the heat storage space under normal wind speed conditions, is the temperature change data of the heat storage space under quiet and low wind speed conditions, is the density of air; is the volume of the heat storage space; represents the flux of outdoor wind flowing into the heat storage space, and is the specific heat capacity of dry air and saturated water vapor; is the humidity content of the air, The heat removal time for the air conditioner. Indicates the amount of air flowing into the heat storage space due to thermal pressure.

[0024] Preferably, the expression of the heat rise model is specifically:

[0025]

[0026] Where n represents the number of layers in the thermodynamic layer, and are the speeds of heat flowing into / out of the nth layer, is the thermal pressure difference between the nth layer and the lower layer, is the thermal pressure difference between the nth layer and the upper layer, 、 and is the air density of the nth, n-1th and n+1th layers, is the average air density between the nth layer and the n-1th layer, The average air density of the nth layer and the n+1th layer, and are the length and width parameters of the heat storage space respectively, g is the acceleration of gravity, Calculation height of thermal compression ventilation.

[0027] Preferably, it also includes:

[0028] According to the air-conditioning equipment information in the target area, the heat emission environment data and the EER coefficient of the air-conditioning equipment are correlated and analyzed to construct an EER performance prediction model, so as to integrate the EER performance prediction model into the building heat emission simulation model.

[0029] A second aspect of the present application provides a building heat emission simulation modeling device, comprising:

[0030] A data acquisition unit, used to collect building structure data and heat emission environment data of the target area;

[0031] an artificial heat emission modeling unit, configured to construct an artificial heat emission calculation model by using an enthalpy difference method and radiation heat transfer logic, wherein the artificial heat emission calculation model is used to quantify heat emission data of an air conditioner outdoor unit;

[0032] a spatial temperature variation modeling unit, configured to construct a temperature variation model based on the building structure data and the distribution state and heat emission data of the air-conditioning outdoor units in the target area, wherein the temperature variation model is configured to determine the distribution state of the heat storage space in the target area and the temperature variation data of the heat storage space under different outdoor wind speed conditions, wherein the heat storage space is a virtual space divided based on the location of the air-conditioning outdoor units;

[0033] A building heat transfer modeling unit is configured to divide the urban canopy space structure into a plurality of thermodynamic layers along the vertical direction according to the distribution state of the heat storage space and the urban canopy space structure of the target area, and to construct a heat balance relationship between adjacent thermodynamic layers. A heat uplift model is constructed based on the division results of the thermodynamic layers and the heat balance relationship.

[0034] The heat emission simulation model modeling unit is used to integrate the temperature change model and the heat rise model to obtain a building heat emission simulation model, so as to obtain a building heat emission simulation result of a target area according to the calculation of the building heat emission simulation model.

[0035] A third aspect of the present application provides a building heat emission simulation modeling terminal, comprising: a memory and a processor;

[0036] The memory is used to store program code, and the program code is used to implement a building heat emission simulation model modeling method provided in the first aspect of the present application;

[0037] The processor is configured to read and execute the program code.

[0038] The fourth aspect of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which program code is stored. The program code is used to be read and executed by a processor to implement a building heat emission simulation model modeling method as provided in the first aspect of the present application.

[0039] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that this application has the following advantages:

[0040] The solution provided in this application first collects the building structure data and heat emission environment data of the target area, and calculates the artificial heat emission emitted by the air-conditioning outdoor units installed on the buildings through the enthalpy difference method, and superimposes them to obtain dynamic heat emission data. The heat storage space is then divided with the air-conditioning position as the origin, and a temperature change calculation formula is established in combination with the wind speed conditions to calculate the air flux change caused by the thermal pressure effect. The urban canopy is then layered according to the vertical height, the thermal pressure difference formed by the difference in air density of each layer is calculated, and the heat transfer relationship between the layers is constructed. Finally, the integration of the temperature rise data of the heat storage space and the coupling relationship of the thermodynamic layer is achieved, and the heat emission distribution and temperature rise trend of the buildings in the target area under different wind speed conditions are simulated, which solves the technical problem of large calculation errors in the existing heat emission temperature rise calculation simulation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0042] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of an embodiment of a building heat emission modeling method provided in this application.

[0043] Figure 2 The three structural views of the heat storage space constructed based on the solution of this application.

[0044] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the vertical geometric structure of the environment within the urban canopy.

[0045] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the vertical geometric structure of the thermal layer based on this application scheme and the urban canopy structure division.

[0046] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of vertical heat transfer logic for different building complex types.

[0047] Figure 6This is a logical diagram of heat transfer in each thermodynamic layer in the vertical geometric structure of the thermodynamic layer constructed based on the solution of this application.

[0048] Figure 7 This is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a building heat emission modeling device provided in this application.

[0049] Figure 8 This is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a building heat emission modeling terminal provided in this application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] With the acceleration of urbanization, high-density residential building layouts hinder wind flow diffusion, leading to the accumulation of air conditioning heat, resulting in a heat accumulation effect and exacerbating the deterioration of the outdoor thermal environment. Traditional temperature rise calculation models simplify air conditioning heat rejection as a fixed parameter, ignoring the time-varying characteristics of exhaust heat rejection and the impact of building layout on heat transfer. This leads to significant deviations between simulation results and actual results. For example, a fixed-parameter model was used to predict heat emissions in a compact residential area. Because it did not account for the dynamic changes in air conditioning heat rejection and the shading effects of building clusters, the final simulated temperature rise data showed a significant error compared to the measured values.

[0051] In view of this, embodiments of the present application provide a building heat emission modeling method, device, terminal and medium for solving the technical problem of large calculation errors in existing heat emission temperature rise calculation simulations.

[0052] In order to make the purpose, features, and advantages of the invention of this application more obvious and easy to understand, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0053] First, a detailed description of an embodiment of a building heat emission modeling method provided by this application is as follows:

[0054] See also Figure 1 , this application provides a building heat emission simulation model modeling method, including:

[0055] Step 101: Collect building structure data and heat emission environment data of the target area;

[0056] Step 102: construct a calculation model for anthropogenic heat emissions using the enthalpy difference method and radiation heat transfer logic;

[0057] Among them, the anthropogenic heat emission calculation model is used to quantify the heat emission data of the air-conditioning outdoor unit;

[0058] Step 103: construct a temperature change model based on the building structure data and the distribution status and heat emission data of the air-conditioning outdoor units in the target area;

[0059] The temperature change model is used to determine the distribution of the heat storage space in the target area and the temperature change data of the heat storage space under different outdoor wind speed conditions. The heat storage space is a virtual space divided based on the location of the air conditioner outdoor unit.

[0060] Step 104: Based on the distribution of the heat storage space and the urban canopy spatial structure of the target area, the urban canopy spatial structure is divided into several thermodynamic layers along the vertical direction, and a heat balance relationship between adjacent thermodynamic layers is constructed. Based on the division results of the thermodynamic layers and the heat balance relationship, a heat uplift model is constructed;

[0061] Step 105 : Integrate the temperature change model and the heat rise model to obtain a building heat emission simulation model, and obtain a building heat emission simulation result of the target area according to the calculation of the building heat emission simulation model.

[0062] It should be noted that in order to solve the above problems, the embodiment of the present application provides a simulation model that can reflect the dynamic characteristics of heat exhaust and the influence of building space. Through analysis, it is found that the heat emission error comes from three levels: first, the heat exhaust of air conditioners includes three time-varying components: exhaust outlet heat, surface convection heat transfer and radiation heat dissipation; second, the heat storage space formed by the building layout leads to uneven heat distribution; third, the thermal pressure difference between the vertical thermodynamic layers drives the heat to float. Based on this, a step-by-step modeling idea is formed: first, the dynamic data of air conditioner heat exhaust is quantified, then a temperature rise model of the heat storage space is established, and then a vertical thermodynamic layer coupling relationship is constructed, and finally, accurate simulation is achieved through multi-model integration. Therefore, the present application proposes a solution including the following steps: collecting building structure data and heat emission environment data of the target area; constructing an artificial heat emission calculation model through the enthalpy difference method and radiation heat transfer logic; establishing a heat storage space temperature change model based on air conditioner distribution and heat emission data; dividing the thermodynamic layer in combination with the urban canopy structure and constructing a heat floating model; integrating the temperature change model with the heat floating model to obtain a building heat emission simulation model.

[0063] Among them, the enthalpy difference method refers to a method for calculating the heat of the exhaust outlet based on the specific heat capacity, density and temperature difference of the air. Specifically, it can be achieved by multiplying the enthalpy difference between the outlet and the inlet by the air volume, and is used to dynamically quantify the heat exhaust data of the air conditioner. The heat storage space refers to the virtual space divided with the air conditioner outdoor unit as the center. Specifically, it can be divided into three-dimensional grids according to the preset space size threshold, which is used to characterize the local heat storage area. Thermodynamic layer division refers to the decomposition of the urban canopy into multiple air layers along the vertical direction of the building. Specifically, the number of layers can be divided according to the height difference of every 2-5 meters, which is used to analyze the heat transfer process driven by vertical thermal pressure. The heat uplift model establishes a thermal balance relationship between adjacent thermodynamic layers. Specifically, the air density difference and thermal pressure difference parameters can be introduced to describe the migration law of heat in the vertical direction.

[0064] Specifically, the enthalpy difference method is first used to calculate the instantaneous heat dissipation from air conditioner exhaust vents, surface convection, and radiation, and dynamic heat emission data are superimposed. The thermal storage space is then divided based on the air conditioner location as the origin, and a temperature change calculation formula is established in conjunction with wind speed conditions. For example, under low and quiet wind speeds, the air flux changes caused by thermal pressure are considered. Next, the urban canopy is stratified by vertical height, and the thermal pressure difference caused by air density differences between layers is calculated to construct a heat transfer relationship between layers. Finally, the thermal storage space temperature rise data is integrated with the coupled relationship between the thermodynamic layer to simulate the heat emission distribution and temperature rise trends of the building complex under different wind speed conditions. By dynamically calculating heat emission data and combining the thermal storage space with the thermodynamic layer division, this solution can reflect the actual heat transfer process in both horizontal and vertical directions. For example, when simulating a high-rise building complex, traditional methods fail to account for thermal pressure differences between thermodynamic layers, resulting in an error in the predicted roof temperature rise compared to the measured value. This solution corrects this error using a heat rise model, thereby reducing the error between the predicted temperature rise and the measured value. Through the above-mentioned technical solution, this application achieves a coupled simulation of the time-varying characteristics of air conditioning heat rejection and the building's spatial structure, resolving the temperature rise calculation errors caused by simplified assumptions in traditional models. This solution can accurately predict the distribution of heat accumulation in high-density building areas under different wind speed conditions, providing data support for optimizing air conditioning layout and improving the outdoor thermal environment. It also lays the foundation for the development of heat rejection control strategies in building energy-saving design.

[0065] Furthermore, this embodiment further proposes a building heat emission simulation model modeling method, and the calculation formula of the artificial heat emission calculation model is:

[0066]

[0067] in, represents the heat emission data of the air conditioner outdoor unit at time t, 、 and They respectively represent the heat dissipation from the exhaust port of the outdoor unit of the air conditioner, the convection heat exchange between the outdoor unit surface and the air, and the long-wave radiation on the outdoor unit surface.

[0068] The specific expressions of these three heat dissipation are as follows:

[0069]

[0070]

[0071]

[0072] in, and Respectively represent the average temperature of the air outlet and side air inlet of the air conditioner outdoor unit and The specific heat capacity of air under the above conditions, where the average temperature calculation formula of the air outlet and side air inlet of the air conditioner outdoor unit can refer to the following formula:

[0073]

[0074] Where, and are the air densities at the air outlet and side air inlet of the air conditioner outdoor unit at time t and average temperature, and is the wind speed at the side air inlet and rear air inlet of the air conditioner outdoor unit at time t; and Indicates the area of ​​the side air inlet and rear air inlet of the air conditioner outdoor unit; and They are the exhaust temperature of the air outlet of the air conditioner outdoor unit and the inlet temperature of the side air inlet; is the inlet air temperature at the back air inlet; is the heat removal time, is the surface area of ​​the air conditioner outdoor unit; is the surface heat transfer coefficient of the air conditioner outdoor unit, is the surface of the air conditioner outdoor unit at time t, is the air temperature near the surface of the air conditioner outdoor unit at time t, is the surface emissivity of the air conditioner outdoor unit, Represents the blackbody radiation coefficient.

[0075] Among them, the heat dissipated from the air outlet refers to the heat generated by the enthalpy difference between the high-temperature air discharged from the air-conditioning exhaust outlet and the external air. It can be calculated using the enthalpy difference method, and dynamic quantification can be achieved by measuring the temperature difference between the air outlet and the air inlet, wind speed and air physical parameters.

[0076] Convective heat transfer refers to the heat exchange caused by the temperature difference between the surface of the air conditioner outdoor unit and the surrounding air. It can be calculated by multiplying the surface heat transfer coefficient and the surface area combined with the temperature difference, and is used to reflect the impact of changes in ambient wind speed on heat emissions.

[0077] Long-wave radiation heat dissipation refers to the heat dissipated from the surface of the air conditioner outdoor unit to the surrounding environment through long-wave radiation. It can be calculated using the Stefan-Boltzmann law, combining the surface emissivity and the ambient temperature difference to achieve dynamic simulation of the radiation heat flow.

[0078] The blackbody radiation coefficient is a physical constant that characterizes the radiation capacity of an ideal blackbody. It can be a fixed value, such as 5.67×10^-8 W / ( ), which is used to calculate surface radiation heat transfer.

[0079] Specifically, the heat emission data for the air conditioner's outdoor unit is broken down into three independent calculations: exhaust heat, surface convection heat transfer, and long-wave radiation heat dissipation. Exhaust heat dissipation is calculated using the enthalpy difference method, combining the outlet and inlet temperatures, wind speed, and air physical parameters to dynamically reflect the impact of changes in the air conditioner's operating state on heat dissipation. Surface convection heat transfer is calculated by multiplying the surface heat transfer coefficient by the temperature difference, capturing instantaneous heat transfer differences caused by changes in ambient wind speed. Long-wave radiation heat dissipation is calculated based on a radiation heat transfer model that combines surface temperature with ambient temperature, quantifying the effect of surface radiation heat dissipation on the surrounding thermal environment. The combined results of these three calculations form a complete heat emission data set at time t, thus avoiding the simplification of heat emission as a fixed parameter. Compared with existing methods, traditional methods often simplify air conditioner heat emission as a single fixed value, failing to distinguish the dynamic differences between the three heat dissipation pathways: exhaust, surface convection, and radiation. This results in a calculation that fails to reflect the time-varying characteristics of actual heat emission. This solution separates the three heat dissipation mechanisms through a physical model, and uses the enthalpy difference method, convection heat transfer formula and radiation heat transfer formula for independent calculations, so that the model can dynamically respond to changes in air-conditioning operating parameters and environmental conditions, thereby improving the spatiotemporal resolution of heat emission data. Through the above technical solution, this application can dynamically capture the instantaneous changes in the amount of heat discharged by the air-conditioning outdoor unit under different operating conditions, solve the calculation error problem caused by the traditional model ignoring the differences in heat dissipation paths and the time-varying nature of parameters, and provide more accurate heat emission input data for subsequent temperature field simulation.

[0080] Furthermore, the present application further proposes to divide the space based on the building structure data and the distribution status and heat emission data of the air-conditioning outdoor units in the target area, with each air-conditioning outdoor unit as the origin, combined with the preset space size threshold to obtain the heat storage space corresponding to each air-conditioning outdoor unit; based on the heat storage space, combined with the preset outdoor wind speed conditions and the heat transfer relationship under different outdoor wind speed conditions, determine the temperature change calculation formula under the outdoor wind speed conditions, and construct a temperature change model based on the temperature change calculation formula.

[0081] Among them, the heat storage space refers to the virtual space divided based on the location of the air-conditioning outdoor unit. It can be implemented by using a spatial grid division algorithm. For example, the area around the air-conditioning outdoor unit is divided into a cubic space with a preset side length to simulate the local accumulation effect of heat emission. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the heat storage space is shown, with dimensions of Space No. 1: 1.5m × 1.5m × 1.5m; Space No. 2: 2.5m × 2.5m × 2.5m; and Space No. 3: 3.5m × 3.5m × 3.5m. Before establishing the outdoor local temperature rise model, the following assumptions can be made: 1. The model uses a one-hour step length, assuming that the heat emitted by the air conditioning system is evenly distributed throughout the heat storage space within an hour, with the temperature being the same at all points throughout the area; 2. The direction of outdoor airflow entering and exiting the heat storage space is perpendicular to the sides of the space. The temperature of the airflow entering the space is assumed to be the outdoor air temperature, and the temperature of the airflow exiting the space is assumed to be the temperature of the air within the heat storage space.

[0082] The outdoor wind speed condition refers to the external airflow parameter that affects the temperature change in the thermal storage space. By setting different outdoor wind speed conditions, different convective heat transfer scenarios can be distinguished. The heat transfer equation is a mathematical model that describes the conservation of energy within the thermal storage space. Specifically, it can be solved by combining the mass conservation equation with the energy conservation equation. For example, the air flux parameter is introduced to characterize the airflow exchange under the action of thermal pressure and to quantify the dynamic impact of wind speed on temperature changes.

[0083] Specifically, with each air-conditioning outdoor unit as the center point, the corresponding heat storage space unit is generated through spatial grid division. Under normal wind speed conditions, by calculating the flux parameters of outdoor airflow into the heat storage space, combined with the air specific heat capacity and heat removal time parameters, a linear relationship between temperature change and wind speed is established; under static low wind speed conditions, the natural convection of air caused by thermal pressure is focused on, and a nonlinear temperature calculation formula is constructed by introducing the air volume parameter driven by thermal pressure difference. The heat exchange boundary conditions between the heat storage spaces are dynamically constrained according to the building structure data, and finally a distributed temperature change model covering all air-conditioning outdoor units is formed. By establishing a heat storage space unit bound to the air-conditioning location, this solution can accurately reflect the hindering effect of the building layout on heat diffusion. At the same time, the speed domain modeling method is adopted to separately process the heat transfer processes of forced convection and natural convection, overcoming the calculation deviation of the traditional single model in low wind speed scenarios.

[0084] More specifically, this application further proposes to categorize outdoor wind speed conditions into normal wind speed conditions and low wind speed conditions. Normal wind speed conditions refer to the range of wind speeds in an outdoor environment that is typically within natural ventilation conditions. This range can be defined by the average annual wind speed range from meteorological data, such as wind speeds within the range of 1.0-5.0 m / s, to describe the general impact of air flow on heat diffusion within the thermal storage space.

[0085] The following is an example of the specific modeling process under normal wind speeds:

[0086] The enthalpy entering the heat storage space is , the expression between the heat in the heat storage space and the heat discharged by the air conditioner is:

[0087]

[0088]

[0089]

[0090]

[0091] In the formula, , and They represent the enthalpy values ​​of moist air, moist air flowing out of the heat storage space, and moist air flowing into the heat storage space respectively; is the standard outdoor air density; V is the volume of the heat storage space; Indicates the amount of air flowing into the heat storage space; and is the specific heat capacity of dry air and saturated water vapor; w is the air moisture content; T is the air temperature; and Indicates the temperature of the air flowing out of and into the heat storage space.

[0092] In the above formula The specific expression is as follows:

[0093]

[0094] Where W and H represent the width and height of the heat storage space respectively; It indicates the outdoor air velocity.

[0095] Assume that the initial temperature of the heat storage space is equal to the outdoor air temperature When the air conditioner runs for a period of time, the temperature in the heat storage space is recorded as T. At this time, the temperature leaving the heat storage space is , combined with the first five formulas, we can get:

[0096]

[0097]

[0098] Elapsed time After that, the air temperature in the heat storage space is recorded as , and the initial temperature The temperature difference is recorded as , according to the previous formula we can get:

[0099]

[0100]

[0101] Quiet low wind speed conditions refer to conditions where wind speeds fall below a specific threshold, such as extremely low wind speeds less than 0.1 m / s. In these conditions, natural convection dominates, and heat transfer relies primarily on the thermal pressure effect driven by temperature gradients. This condition is used to simulate the heat accumulation process in thermal storage spaces under no wind or light breeze conditions. By defining two wind speed conditions, corresponding temperature change calculation models can be established for different airflow conditions, resolving the problem of a single heat transfer mechanism caused by the failure to distinguish between wind speed differences in existing technologies.

[0102] Next, this embodiment also provides an example of a specific modeling process under low wind speed conditions:

[0103] Before building the model, the following assumptions can be made: 1. The air in the heat storage space flows out through the upper surface, and the air below the space is replenished into the space through the lower surface; 2. The wind speed induced by thermal buoyancy is expressed as Indicates that the air flow is express.

[0104] The following is the heat relationship formula for the heat storage space under quiet and low wind speed conditions:

[0105]

[0106] in, is the amount of air flowing into the heat storage space due to thermal pressure; Indicates the wind speed of hot pressure ventilation; The pressure difference between the air in the thermal storage space and the air above it; is the acceleration due to gravity; is the calculated height of thermal pressure ventilation; represents the average air density; is the air density at the air outlet under air conditioning heat exhaust. For the convenience of calculation, the air density above the heat storage space is equal to the air density entering the space. The air density of is the outdoor air density of ( ) and the air density at the air outlet of the air conditioner outdoor unit ( ) is the same as the modeling process under normal wind speed. Combined with the heat relationship of the heat storage space under the previous low wind speed condition, we can get The expression:

[0107]

[0108] Specifically, when constructing the temperature change model, the heat transfer relationship associated with forced convection is used under conventional wind speed conditions. For example, based on the linear relationship between wind speed and air flux in the heat storage space, the heat diffusion process with air flow is calculated. Under static and low wind speed conditions, the natural convection transfer of heat in the vertical direction is quantified through the thermal pressure ventilation model, combined with the volume and temperature gradient of the heat storage space. The temperature change calculation formulas corresponding to the two wind speed conditions respectively consider the influence of different dominant factors on heat distribution. For example, the correlation parameters of wind speed and air flux are introduced under conventional wind speed conditions, and the air inflow parameters caused by thermal pressure are introduced under static and low wind speed conditions, so as to achieve targeted temperature change predictions. This application distinguishes between conventional wind speed and static and low wind speed conditions, and constructs corresponding physical models respectively, which can more accurately describe the heat transfer mechanism of the heat storage space under different wind speed environments, especially the dominant role of the thermal pressure effect under static and low wind speed conditions. Through the above technical solution, the present application can effectively solve the problem of heat emission temperature rise calculation error caused by not considering the difference in wind speed conditions in the existing technology, and significantly improve the prediction accuracy of temperature changes in heat storage spaces under low wind speed environments, thereby providing a more reliable simulation basis for the analysis of thermal accumulation effects of high-density building complexes.

[0109] Furthermore, the heat rise model provided in this embodiment is constructed as follows:

[0110] The construction of the heat upwelling model involves the following steps: first, the urban canopy is vertically divided into multiple thermodynamic layers based on the distribution of heat storage spaces; second, based on the air density differences between adjacent thermodynamic layers, a mathematical relationship between the thermal pressure difference and the heat flow rate is established; finally, by combining the heat balance equations for each layer, a dynamic model describing the vertical heat transfer process is formed. By introducing a natural convection mechanism driven by thermal pressure differences, this model accurately simulates the heat accumulation and diffusion processes at different heights. This is particularly effective in areas with dense buildings, effectively reflecting the vertical heat migration characteristics caused by spatial constraints.

[0111] Among them, the thermodynamic layer refers to multiple air thermodynamic characteristic layers divided in the vertical direction according to the spatial structure of the urban canopy. Specifically, the urban canopy space can be divided into several layers by a preset vertical stratification height threshold, which is used to characterize the heat distribution differences in different height areas. The thermal pressure difference refers to the pressure gradient formed by the difference in air density between adjacent thermodynamic layers. Specifically, it can be calculated by combining the difference in air density of adjacent layers with the acceleration of gravity, and is used to drive the natural convection of heat in the vertical direction. The calculation height of thermal pressure ventilation refers to the effective range of the air flow path formed by the thermal pressure effect inside the building complex. Specifically, it can be determined based on the geometric relationship between the length and width parameters of the heat storage space and the height of the building complex, and is used to quantify the impact of thermal pressure ventilation on heat transfer.

[0112] The heat inflow / outflow rate refers to the rate of energy transfer through the boundary of the thermosphere per unit time. It can be calculated by multiplying the thermal pressure difference by the air flow velocity between thermospheres, and is used to characterize the intensity of heat exchange between adjacent layers.

[0113] More specifically, the urban canopy is divided vertically into different thermal layers and the thermal balance relationship between two adjacent layers is determined. The specific process is as follows:

[0114] To reduce the model error caused by the difference between the air temperature measured at different locations and heights and the outdoor unit exhaust temperature, the following assumptions can be made:

[0115] (1) Assuming that the air in the thermal storage unit is evenly mixed, the temperature of the nth layer is T n ;

[0116] (2) Assume that the vertical rise of heat is only affected by thermal pressure, without considering the influence of various external factors including wind speed;

[0117] (3) Assume that the wall surface of the air conditioner outdoor unit, the building wall surface, and the ground are all insulated surfaces and will not absorb or release heat, thereby affecting the internal ambient temperature of the residential area;

[0118] (4) Ignore the influence of the air inlet and outlet temperature and wind speed of the air conditioner outdoor unit and the volume of the air inlet and outlet of the outdoor unit.

[0119] (5) During the heat storage process, the time it takes for each layer of heat storage to reach temperature stability is the same.

[0120] like Figures 3 to 6 As shown, Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the vertical geometric structure of the urban canopy environment. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical geometric structure of the thermal layer based on the urban canopy structure. Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the vertical heat transfer logic of different building complex types, specifically showing three structures: low-rise high-density building area with 3.3m per floor, totaling three floors; medium-rise high-density building area with 3m per floor, totaling seven floors; high-rise high-density building area with 3m per floor, totaling 11 floors. Figure 6 For Figure 4 The heat storage unit is extracted from the vertical aggregate structure divided in the figure. The length, width and height of each layer are L', W' and H' respectively. Figure 6 The heat storage unit in the heat balance analysis is carried out to transfer the heat from the lower layer to the The heat Q introduced by the outdoor unit of the air conditioner on this floor is used as the heat entering and leaving the heat storage unit on this floor. The heat flowing out of the heat storage unit on this floor mainly flows into the upper floor under the action of thermal pressure. In addition, the change in the temperature of the heat storage unit means that its internal energy has changed. Therefore, the following formula can be derived from the heat balance equation:

[0121]

[0122] Where, represents the anthropogenic heat emission of the nth thermosphere , and Represent the air density at the inflow / outflow state points, is the gas flow rate at the corresponding cross section, The gas flow rate corresponding to the inflow cross section, It corresponds to the gas flow rate of the outflow cross section, and They represent the enthalpy of the gas at the inflow / outflow state points, t is the heat storage time, is the amount of heat rising in the heat storage space of this layer, which can be calculated using the following heat pressure formula:

[0123]

[0124] In the formula, c is the specific heat capacity of the gas in the heat storage space, m is the mass of the gas in the heat storage space, is the temperature change in the heat storage space, and its value corresponds to the above or .

[0125] Next, a heat upwelling model between two adjacent thermodynamic layers under the action of density difference is constructed. The specific expressions include:

[0126]

[0127] Where n represents the number of layers in the thermodynamic layer, and are the speeds of heat flowing into / out of the nth layer, is the thermal pressure difference between the nth layer and the lower layer, is the thermal pressure difference between the nth layer and the upper layer, 、 and is the air density of the nth, n-1th and n+1th layers, is the average air density between the nth layer and the n-1th layer, The average air density of the nth layer and the n+1th layer, and are the length and width parameters of the heat storage space respectively, g is the acceleration of gravity, Calculation height of thermal compression ventilation.

[0128] By dividing thermal layers and establishing a thermal pressure balance between them, this approach, for the first time, integrates thermal pressure ventilation with the vertical structure of a building complex, more accurately capturing the dynamic characteristics of heat upwelling in high-density areas. This technical solution significantly improves the vertical resolution of building complex heat emission simulations, providing reliable model support for optimizing air conditioning equipment layout and improving the outdoor thermal environment.

[0129] Furthermore, the solution provided in this embodiment further proposes that in the process of modeling the building heat emission simulation model, the heat emission environment data and the EER coefficient of the air-conditioning equipment are correlated and analyzed based on the air-conditioning equipment information in the target area, and an EER performance prediction model is constructed to integrate the model into the building heat emission simulation model.

[0130] The EER (Energy Efficiency Ratio) is the coefficient of performance for air conditioning, quantified as the ratio of cooling capacity to input power. It represents the energy efficiency of air conditioning equipment. During the modeling process, the EER can be obtained from the air conditioning equipment's performance data sheet or measured data.

[0131] Among them, correlation analysis refers to establishing the correlation between heat emission environmental parameters and EER coefficients through statistical methods. Specifically, the Pearson correlation coefficient or multiple regression model can be used to identify the dynamic impact of factors such as ambient temperature and humidity on air conditioning energy efficiency.

[0132] Among them, the EER performance prediction model refers to a mathematical relationship established based on the results of correlation analysis. Specifically, a machine learning algorithm or empirical equation can be used to predict the change trend of the EER coefficient under different heat emission environmental conditions.

[0133] Specifically, during the operation of the building heat emission simulation model, the operating data and environmental monitoring data of the air-conditioning equipment are first collected, such as the air-conditioning cooling capacity, power consumption, ambient temperature and humidity, etc. Subsequently, the environmental variables that are significantly correlated with the EER coefficient are screened out through the correlation analysis method. For example, it is found that every 1°C increase in ambient temperature may cause the EER coefficient to decrease by about 0.05. Based on this, a linear regression equation or a neural network model is constructed to establish a predictive relationship between the EER coefficient and the change of environmental parameters. The prediction model is integrated into the heat emission simulation model to dynamically call the real-time EER value when calculating the heat emission of the air conditioner, rather than using fixed parameters. For example, in hot weather, the system automatically lowers the EER coefficient according to the prediction model, thereby more accurately reflecting the increase in heat emission caused by the decrease in energy efficiency of the air-conditioning equipment. This application establishes a dynamic correlation model between the EER coefficient and environmental parameters, so that the heat emission calculation can reflect the actual operating efficiency of the air-conditioning equipment under different working conditions in real time, thereby significantly reducing the simulation error caused by the static assumption of energy efficiency parameters. Through the above technical solution, this application effectively solves the calculation deviation problem caused by the existing model ignoring the dynamic changes in air-conditioning energy efficiency, so that the building heat emission simulation results more accurately reflect the interaction between air-conditioning heat exhaust and ambient temperature rise, and provide reliable data support for optimizing building layout and air-conditioning system design.

[0134] The above is a detailed description of an embodiment of a building heat emission simulation model modeling method provided by the present application. The following is a detailed description of an embodiment of a building heat emission simulation model modeling device provided by the present application.

[0135] See also Figure 7 , an embodiment of the present application provides a building heat emission simulation model modeling device, comprising:

[0136] The data collection unit 201 is used to collect building structure data and heat emission environment data of the target area;

[0137] An artificial heat emission modeling unit 202 is used to construct an artificial heat emission calculation model by using an enthalpy difference method and radiation heat transfer logic, and the artificial heat emission calculation model is used to quantify heat emission data of an air conditioner outdoor unit;

[0138] The spatial temperature variation modeling unit 203 is configured to construct a temperature variation model based on the building structure data and the distribution and heat emission data of the air conditioner outdoor units in the target area. The temperature variation model is configured to determine the distribution of the heat storage space in the target area and the temperature variation data of the heat storage space under different outdoor wind speed conditions. The heat storage space is a virtual space divided based on the location of the air conditioner outdoor units.

[0139] The building heat transfer modeling unit 204 is used to divide the urban canopy space structure into several thermal layers along the vertical direction based on the distribution of the heat storage space and the urban canopy space structure of the target area, and to construct a heat balance relationship between adjacent thermal layers. Based on the division results of the thermal layers and the heat balance relationship, a heat uplift model is constructed;

[0140] The heat emission simulation model building unit 205 is used to integrate the temperature change model and the heat rise model to obtain a building heat emission simulation model, so as to obtain a building heat emission simulation result of a target area according to the calculation of the building heat emission simulation model.

[0141] like Figure 8 As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides a building heat emission simulation model modeling terminal, the implementation types of the terminal include but are not limited to: personal computers, industrial computers, servers and embedded intelligent devices, the main components of the terminal include: memory 33 and processor 31, the memory 33 and processor 31 can be connected via a communication bus 34;

[0142] The memory 33 is used to store program codes, and the program codes are used to implement a building heat emission simulation modeling method provided in the above embodiment;

[0143] The processor 31 is used to read and execute program codes.

[0144] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing program code, which is used to be read and executed by a processor to implement a building heat emission simulation model modeling method as provided in the above embodiment.

[0145] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the terminals, devices and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0146] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed terminals, devices, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of the units is merely a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interface, device or unit, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0147] The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," and the like (if any) in the specification of the present application and the accompanying drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a particular order or precedence. It should be understood that the terms used in this manner are interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein, for example, can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus comprising a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such process, method, product, or apparatus.

[0148] It should be understood that in this application, "at least one (item)" means one or more, and "plurality" means two or more. "And / or" is used to describe the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, "A and / or B" can mean: only A exists, only B exists, and A and B exist at the same time, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the previous and next associated objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following items" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single items or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b or c can mean: a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c", where a, b, c can be single or multiple.

[0149] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of these units may be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0150] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into a single processing unit, each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into a single unit. The aforementioned integrated units may be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional units.

[0151] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the portion that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media that can store program code, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard drive, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0152] As described above, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A building heat emission simulation model modeling method, characterized in that: include: Collect building structure data and heat emission environment data of the target area; By using the enthalpy difference method and radiation heat transfer logic, a man-made heat emission calculation model is constructed, which is used to quantify the heat emission data of the air conditioner outdoor unit; Constructing a temperature change model based on the building structure data and the distribution state and heat emission data of the air-conditioning outdoor units in the target area. The temperature change model is used to determine the distribution state of the heat storage space in the target area and the temperature change data of the heat storage space under different outdoor wind speed conditions, wherein the heat storage space is a virtual space divided based on the location of the air-conditioning outdoor units; Based on the distribution of the heat storage space and the urban canopy spatial structure of the target area, the urban canopy spatial structure is divided into several thermodynamic layers along the vertical direction, and a heat balance relationship between adjacent thermodynamic layers is constructed. Based on the division results of the thermodynamic layers and the heat balance relationship, a heat uplift model is constructed; Based on the integration of the temperature change model and the heat rise model, a building heat emission simulation model is obtained, and according to the calculation of the building heat emission simulation model, a building heat emission simulation result of the target area is obtained.

2. The building heat emission simulation modeling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calculation formula of the anthropogenic heat emission calculation model is: Where, is the heat emission data of the air conditioner outdoor unit at time t, The heat is dissipated from the air outlet of the air conditioner outdoor unit at time t. is the convective heat transfer of the air conditioner outdoor unit surface at time t, The long-wave radiation heat dissipation on the surface of the air conditioner outdoor unit at time t is: and are the specific heat capacity of air at the air outlet and side air inlet of the air conditioner outdoor unit at time t and average temperature, and are the air densities at the air outlet and side air inlet of the air conditioner outdoor unit at time t and average temperature, and is the wind speed at the side air inlet and rear air inlet of the air conditioner outdoor unit at time t; and Indicates the area of ​​the side air inlet and rear air inlet of the air conditioner outdoor unit; and They are the exhaust temperature of the air outlet of the air conditioner outdoor unit and the inlet temperature of the side air inlet; is the inlet air temperature at the back air inlet; is the heat removal time, is the surface area of ​​the air conditioner outdoor unit; is the surface heat transfer coefficient of the air conditioner outdoor unit, is the surface of the air conditioner outdoor unit at time t, is the air temperature near the surface of the air conditioner outdoor unit at time t, is the surface emissivity of the air conditioner outdoor unit, Represents the blackbody radiation coefficient.

3. The building heat emission simulation modeling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Constructing a temperature change model based on the building structure data and the distribution state and heat emission data of the air-conditioning outdoor units in the target area specifically includes: Based on the building structure data and the distribution status and heat emission data of the air-conditioning outdoor units in the target area, space division is performed with each air-conditioning outdoor unit as the origin and in combination with a preset space size threshold to obtain the heat storage space corresponding to each air-conditioning outdoor unit; Based on the heat storage space, combined with the preset outdoor wind speed conditions and the heat transfer relationship under different outdoor wind speed conditions, a temperature change calculation formula under the outdoor wind speed conditions is determined, and a temperature change model is constructed according to the temperature change calculation formula.

4. A building heat emission simulation modeling method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outdoor wind speed conditions specifically include: normal wind speed conditions and quiet low wind speed conditions.

5. A building heat emission simulation modeling method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The temperature change calculation formula is specifically: Where, is the temperature change data of the heat storage space under normal wind speed conditions, is the temperature change data of the heat storage space under quiet and low wind speed conditions, is the density of air; is the volume of the heat storage space; represents the flux of outdoor wind flowing into the heat storage space, and is the specific heat capacity of dry air and saturated water vapor; is the humidity content of the air, The heat removal time for the air conditioner. Indicates the amount of air flowing into the heat storage space due to thermal pressure.

6. A building heat emission simulation modeling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The expression of the heat rising model is specifically: Where n represents the number of layers in the thermosphere. and are the speeds of heat flowing into / out of the nth layer, is the thermal pressure difference between the nth layer and the lower layer, is the thermal pressure difference between the nth layer and the upper layer, 、 and is the air density of the nth, n-1th and n+1th layers, is the average air density between the nth layer and the n-1th layer, The average air density of the nth layer and the n+1th layer, and are the length and width parameters of the heat storage space respectively, g is the acceleration of gravity, Calculation height of thermal compression ventilation.

7. The building heat emission simulation modeling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: According to the air-conditioning equipment information in the target area, the heat emission environment data and the EER coefficient of the air-conditioning equipment are correlated and analyzed to construct an EER performance prediction model, so as to integrate the EER performance prediction model into the building heat emission simulation model.

8. A building heat emission simulation modeling device, characterized in that: include: A data acquisition unit, used to collect building structure data and heat emission environment data of the target area; an artificial heat emission modeling unit, configured to construct an artificial heat emission calculation model by using an enthalpy difference method and radiation heat transfer logic, wherein the artificial heat emission calculation model is used to quantify heat emission data of an air conditioner outdoor unit; a spatial temperature variation modeling unit, configured to construct a temperature variation model based on the building structure data and the distribution state and heat emission data of the air-conditioning outdoor units in the target area, wherein the temperature variation model is configured to determine the distribution state of the heat storage space in the target area and the temperature variation data of the heat storage space under different outdoor wind speed conditions, wherein the heat storage space is a virtual space divided based on the location of the air-conditioning outdoor units; A building heat transfer modeling unit is configured to divide the urban canopy space structure into a plurality of thermodynamic layers along the vertical direction according to the distribution state of the heat storage space and the urban canopy space structure of the target area, and to construct a heat balance relationship between adjacent thermodynamic layers. A heat uplift model is constructed based on the division results of the thermodynamic layers and the heat balance relationship. The heat emission simulation model modeling unit is used to integrate the temperature change model and the heat rise model to obtain a building heat emission simulation model, so as to obtain a building heat emission simulation result of a target area according to the calculation of the building heat emission simulation model.

9. A building heat emission simulation modeling terminal, characterized in that: include: memory and processor; The memory is used to store program code, and the program code is used to implement a building heat emission simulation modeling method according to any one of claims 1 to 7; The processor is configured to read and execute the program code.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium stores program code, and the program code is used to be read and executed by a processor to implement a building heat emission simulation modeling method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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