Voltage change-over switch

Abstract

The invention provides a voltage change-over switch which is used for being connected with an external power supply, the external power supply comprises four battery packs, and the output voltage of each battery pack is N volts. The change-over switch comprises a switch base and a gear switching base. The gear switching base comprises an N-volt voltage gear, a 2N-volt voltage gear and a 4N-volt voltage gear. The wiring terminals comprise a P1 + terminal, a P2 + terminal, a P1-terminal, a P2-terminal, a P3 + terminal, a P4 + terminal, a P3-terminal and a P4-terminal which are arranged in sequence; the P1 + terminal is an output positive electrode of the whole power supply, and the P4-terminal is an output negative electrode of the whole power supply; and the gear switching seat is rotated to switch to an N-volt voltage gear or a 2N-volt voltage gear or a 4N-volt voltage gear. According to the voltage change-over switch, the power supply can output three output voltages of N volts, 2N volts and 4N volts by rotating the gear switching seat, and the use requirements of electric equipment with different rated voltages can be met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of mechanical switches, and in particular to a voltage switching switch. Background Art

[0002] Lithium batteries are conventional storage batteries that can be used in equipment such as hand drills, lawn mowers, and hair dryers. The output voltage of battery packs currently on the market is constant. Taking backpack-type mobile battery packs as an example, their output voltage is usually rated at 36 volts or 40 volts, or a rated voltage of 80 volts. Different electric devices (such as the aforementioned hand drills, lawn mowers, hair dryers, etc.) require battery packs with different rated voltages. Therefore, a switching switch that can control the output voltage of the power supply can be designed and applied to a power supply composed of multiple battery packs, so the power supply can have the function of outputting multiple output voltages.

[0003] For example, a power supply with four battery packs has an output voltage of N volts for each battery pack. Through the switching switch, the power supply can be controlled to output N volts, 2N volts, or 4N volts to adapt to power tools with different rated voltages. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (1) Technical issues to be solved

[0005] In view of this, the present application provides a voltage switching switch with a simple structural design, which can enable the power supply to output three different output voltages: N volts, 2N volts, and 4N volts.

[0006] (2) Technical solution

[0007] The embodiments of this specification provide the following technical solutions:

[0008] An embodiment of the present specification provides a voltage switching switch connected to an external power supply, the external power supply including four battery packs, each with an output voltage of N volts; the switching switch is configured to enable the external power supply to selectively output N volts, 2N volts, or 4N volts; the switching switch includes a switch base, on which are arranged a plurality of wiring terminals connected to the external power supply; the switch base is movably provided with a gear switching base for controlling the conductive connection between the wiring terminals, the gear switching base including an N volt voltage gear, a 2N volt voltage gear, and a 4N volt voltage gear; the wiring terminals include a P1+ terminal, a P2+ terminal, a P1- terminal, a P2- terminal, a P3+ terminal, a P4+ terminal, a P3- terminal, and a P4- terminal; the P1+ terminal is the output positive electrode of the entire power supply, and the P4- terminal is the output negative electrode of the entire power supply;

[0009] When the gear switching seat is switched to the N volt voltage position, the P1+ terminal, P2+ terminal, P3+ terminal, and P4+ terminal are set to be connected to each other, and the P1- terminal, P2- terminal, P3- terminal, and P4- terminal are set to be connected to each other; when the gear switching seat is switched to the 2N volt voltage position, the P1+ terminal and P2+ terminal are set to be connected, the P1- terminal, P2- terminal, P3+ terminal, and P4+ terminal are set to be connected to each other, and the P3- terminal and P4- terminal are set to be connected; when the gear switching seat is switched to the 4N volt voltage position, the P2+ terminal and P1- terminal are set to be connected, the P2- terminal and P3+ terminal are set to be connected, and the P4+ terminal and P3- terminal are set to be connected.

[0010] In this solution, the external power supply actually has four battery packs, and the output voltage of a single battery pack is N volts; the wiring terminals specifically include eight terminals, which are connected to the positive and negative poles of each battery pack of the corresponding external power supply. Through the movable gear switching seat, the entire power supply has N volt voltage gears, 2N volt voltage gears and 4N volt voltage gears; when the gear switching seat is switched to the N volt voltage gear, the four positive terminals P1+ terminal, P2+ terminal, P3+ terminal, and P4+ terminal are connected to each other, and the remaining four negative terminals are also connected to each other, so that the four battery packs of the power supply are connected in parallel to output an output voltage of N volts.

[0011] In some embodiments, the P1+ terminal, P2+ terminal, P1- terminal, P2- terminal, P3+ terminal, P4+ terminal, P3- terminal, and P4- terminal are arranged in sequence on the switch base.

[0012] In this solution, the eight terminals, P1+ terminal, P2+ terminal, P1- terminal, P2- terminal, P3+ terminal, P4+ terminal, P3- terminal, and P4- terminal, are arranged in sequence on the switch seat. The above arrangement corresponds to the positive and negative poles of the four battery packs connected to the external power supply. It should be pointed out that through the above terminal arrangement design, the relevant circuit structure of the three voltage gears of the gear switch seat can be reasonably arranged.

[0013] In some embodiments, the external power supply includes a first battery, a second battery, a third battery, and a fourth battery, the P1+ terminal and the P1- terminal are correspondingly connected to the positive and negative poles of the first battery; the P2+ terminal and the P2- terminal are correspondingly connected to the positive and negative poles of the second battery; the P3+ terminal and the P3- terminal are correspondingly connected to the positive and negative poles of the third battery; the P4+ terminal and the P4- terminal are correspondingly connected to the positive and negative poles of the fourth battery.

[0014] In this solution, the four batteries have the same structure and a voltage of N volts. The four batteries connected in series can output a voltage of 4N volts, the four batteries connected in parallel can output a voltage of N volts, and the combination of parallel and series can output a voltage of 2N volts. Among the 8 connecting terminals, terminals 1 and 2 are connected to the positive electrodes of the first and second batteries respectively, terminals 3 and 4 are connected to the negative electrodes of the first and second batteries respectively, terminals 5 and 6 are connected to the positive electrodes of the third and fourth batteries respectively, and terminals 7 and 8 are connected to the negative electrodes of the third and fourth batteries respectively.

[0015] In some embodiments, the gear switching seat is rotatably mounted on the switch seat; an adjustment knob is provided at one end of the gear switching seat; and / or,

[0016] The N volt voltage gear, the 2N volt voltage gear, and the 4N volt voltage gear are arranged on the circumferential outer surface of the gear switching seat.

[0017] In this solution, the gear switch seat is rotatably installed on the switch seat. According to actual usage needs, the gear switch seat can be switched to N volt voltage position, 2N volt voltage position or 4N volt voltage position. The above three voltage positions are set on the circumferential outer surface of the gear switch seat, so the three voltage positions can be designed with equal spacing of 120 degrees, or they can be designed with other angles such as 90 degrees.

[0018] In some embodiments, the N volt voltage range includes a first conductor electrically connected to the P1+ terminal, P2+ terminal, P3+ terminal, and P4+ terminal, and a second conductor electrically connected to the P1- terminal, P2- terminal, P3- terminal, and P4- terminal.

[0019] The first conductor and the second conductor are conductive sheets, and an insulating sheet is provided between the first conductor and the second conductor, and the two are independent of each other; when the switching gear switching seat is rotated to enter the N volt voltage gear, the end face of the first conductor abuts against the P1+ terminal, P2+ terminal, P3+ terminal, and P4+ terminal of the wiring terminal, and the end face of the second conductor abuts against the P1- terminal, P2- terminal, P3- terminal, and P4- terminal of the wiring terminal.

[0020] In this solution, to achieve a design where four batteries are connected in parallel, at an N-volt voltage level, the four positive terminals and four negative terminals corresponding to the four batteries need to be connected together through corresponding conductive elements (such as wires or copper sheets). The arrangement of the eight terminals is optimized, and the N-volt voltage level requires the four positive terminals and four negative terminals to be connected separately. The P1+ and P2+ terminals need to be connected to the P3+ and P4+ terminals via a first conductive body (the P1+ and P2+ terminals are isolated from the P3+ and P4+ terminals by the P1- and P2- terminals). The P1- and P2- terminals need to be connected to the P3- and P4- terminals via a second conductive body. The two conductive bodies are conductive sheets, and the insulating sheet design isolates the two conductive bodies to prevent mutual contact and conduction interference. The first and second conductive bodies are in surface contact with the terminal blocks, with a wide contact surface, making poor contact less likely to occur.

[0021] In some embodiments, the 2N volt voltage range includes a third conductor electrically connected to the P1+ terminal and the P2+ terminal, a fourth conductor electrically connected to the P1- terminal, the P2- terminal, the P3+ terminal, and the P4+ terminal, and a fifth conductor electrically connected to the P3- terminal and the P4- terminal.

[0022] The 4N volt voltage gear is provided with a sixth conductor that is conductively connected to the P2+ terminal and the P1- terminal, a seventh conductor that is conductively connected to the P2- terminal and the P3+ terminal, and an eighth conductor that is conductively connected to the P4+ terminal and the P3- terminal; the third conductor, the fourth conductor, and the fifth conductor are all conductive sheets and are coplanar in design, and the sixth conductor, the seventh conductor, and the eighth conductor are all conductive sheets and are coplanar in design, and an installation groove for installing the above-mentioned conductors is formed on the gear switching seat, so that each conductor is positioned on the outer surface of the gear switching seat.

[0023] In this solution, the third, fourth, and fifth conductors are designed for the 2N volt voltage level, and the sixth, seventh, and eighth conductors are designed for the 4N volt voltage level, thereby realizing a series-parallel design of four batteries and a sequential series design of four batteries, so that the power supply can output 2N volts or 4N volts in multiples. It should be pointed out that the above-mentioned conductors are all designed as conductive sheets (copper sheets), and are all installed in the mounting grooves on the surface of the gear switching seat. The positioning and fixation of each conductive sheet are not detailed in this specification. Preferably, the conductive sheet and the gear switching seat are integrally injection molded; the conductive sheet is coplanar and designed to achieve contact and conduction with the terminal; after the conductive sheet is installed in the mounting groove, the surface of each conductive sheet is exposed to the gear switching seat.

[0024] In some embodiments, an isolation ring is further provided on the outer ring of the gear switch seat, and the isolation ring can be used to isolate each terminal. The isolation ring is provided with an isolation groove, and an isolation plate is provided in the switch seat, and the isolation plate is placed in the isolation groove; sink grooves corresponding to the isolation ring are also provided on both sides of the isolation plate; a labyrinth seal is formed between the isolation ring, the isolation groove, the sink groove and the isolation plate.

[0025] In this solution, the isolation ring can isolate adjacent wiring terminals; conductive grease can be applied to the wiring terminals to improve the conductivity of the switch; when the switch seat and the gear shift seat are installed together, a "maze-like" seal is formed by the cooperation between the isolation sheet, isolation groove, isolation ring, and sink groove to prevent the conductive grease from running to the adjacent wiring terminal positions.

[0026] In some embodiments, the four surfaces of the outer ring of the gear shift seat form an N-volt voltage position, a 4N-volt voltage position, a 2N-volt voltage position and a neutral position in sequence, and the neutral position is provided with a first positioning cavity for positioning and installing the second conductor and the insulating sheet, and a second positioning cavity for positioning and installing the first conductor.

[0027] In this solution, the outer ring of the gear shift seat forms four gears from a clockwise perspective: N volt voltage gear, 4N volt voltage gear, 2N volt voltage gear and neutral gear.

[0028] In some embodiments, the first conductive body includes a first conductive sheet connecting the P1+ terminal and the P2+ terminal and a second conductive sheet connecting the P3+ terminal and the P4+ terminal, the first conductive sheet and the second conductive sheet are directly connected via a bent first bent sheet, and the first bent sheet is positioned and mounted on the second positioning cavity;

[0029] The second conductive body includes a third conductive sheet connecting the P1-terminal and the P2-terminal and a fourth conductive sheet connecting the P3-terminal and the P4-terminal, the third conductive sheet and the fourth conductive sheet are connected via a second bent sheet, and the second bent sheet and the insulating sheet are positioned and mounted on the first positioning cavity; the second positioning cavity and the first positioning cavity are provided with positioning posts;

[0030] The first conductive sheet, the second conductive sheet, the third conductive sheet and the fourth conductive sheet are arranged on the same side and in the same plane.

[0031] In this solution, the first bending plate and the first conductive plate and the second conductive plate are designed to be bent vertically, and the second bending plate and the third conductive plate and the fourth conductive plate are designed to be bent vertically. Therefore, the first bending plate and the second bending plate can be positioned and installed on the aforementioned neutral position, effectively utilizing the fourth surface of the gear switching seat; the second conductor, the insulating plate and the first conductor can be positioned on the second positioning cavity and the first positioning cavity of the neutral position through the designed positioning column.

[0032] In some embodiments, the N volt voltage, 2N volt voltage and 4N volt voltage correspond to 20 volt voltage, 40 volt voltage and 80 volt voltage respectively; the switch seat includes an upper cover and a lower cover for supporting the gear switch seat, and a positioning ring that cooperates with the gear switch seat is also provided in the switch seat; a positioning bracket is also installed on the lower cover; the wiring terminal is installed on the lower cover, and a spring is installed at the lower end of the wiring terminal. The upper cover and the lower cover are both designed with isolation plates, and the positioning ring is installed on the lower cover.

[0033] In this solution, the entire switch base is connected to an external power supply or other components through a positioning bracket. The switch base is a plastic part and the positioning bracket can be a metal plate. The output voltage of a single battery pack is 20 volts, so the output voltage of the entire power supply can be 20 volts, 40 volts or 80 volts. It should be noted that the output voltage of a single battery can be 18 volts, 30 volts or other voltage specifications.

[0034] (3) Beneficial effects

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by at least one of the above-mentioned technical solutions adopted in the embodiments of the present invention include at least the following: the present invention is provided with a rotatable gear switching seat, which has an N-volt voltage gear, a 2N-volt voltage gear, and a 4N-volt voltage gear; the power supply has four batteries, each of which has an output voltage of N volts, and the rotatable gear switching seat enables the power supply to output N volts, 2N volts, and 4N volts in multiples; eight wiring terminals are arranged on the switch seat of the switching switch, and are arranged according to the set arrangement of P1+ terminal, P2+ terminal, P1- terminal, P2- terminal, P3+ terminal, P4+ terminal, P3- terminal, and P4- terminal, so that the wiring terminals are correspondingly installed on the positive and negative poles of the four batteries of the external power supply;

[0036] When in the N volt voltage position, the gear shift seat simultaneously contacts and connects the P1+ terminal, P2+ terminal, P3+ terminal, and P4+ terminal through the sheet-shaped first conductive body, and simultaneously contacts and connects the P1- terminal, P2- terminal, P3- terminal, and P4- terminal through the sheet-shaped second conductive body. The first conductive sheet and the second conductive sheet of the first conductive body, as well as the third conductive sheet and the fourth conductive sheet of the second conductive body, are arranged on the same side and in the same plane, facilitating contact and conduction with the corresponding terminal. The first conductive sheet and the second conductive sheet can be isolated at the bend by an insulating sheet.

[0037] When the gear shift seat is rotated to switch to the 2N volt voltage gear, the sheet-shaped third conductor simultaneously abuts the P1+ terminal and the P2+ terminal, the end surface of the fourth conductor simultaneously abuts the P1- terminal, the P2- terminal, the P3+ terminal, and the P4+ terminal, and the end surface of the fifth conductor simultaneously abuts the P3- terminal and the P4- terminal;

[0038] When the gear shift seat is rotated to switch to the 4N volt voltage gear, the end surface of the sixth conductor simultaneously abuts the P2+ terminal and the P1- terminal, the end surface of the seventh conductor simultaneously abuts the P2- terminal and the P3+ terminal, and the end surface of the eighth conductor simultaneously abuts the P4+ terminal and the P3- terminal;

[0039] The gear shift seat and the corresponding sheet-shaped conductor have a simple structural design and are easy to implement. Each conductor is a sheet-shaped structure and is in surface contact with the corresponding terminal, so the contact performance with the corresponding terminal is good.

[0040] The four surfaces of the gear switch seat respectively form an N-volt voltage position, a 4N-volt voltage position, a 2N-volt voltage position and a neutral position. The first bent piece of the first conductor, the second bent piece of the second conductor and the insulating piece are positioned and installed on the neutral position. The design layout of the entire gear switch seat is reasonable, and the neutral position formed by the fourth surface of the outer periphery of the gear switch seat is reasonably utilized. Each conductor is positioned on the mounting groove on the surface of the gear switch seat. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0042] Figure 1 is a stereogram in this application;

[0043] Figure 2 It is a stereogram from the bottom perspective in this application;

[0044] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the structure after the upper cover is omitted in this application;

[0045] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view in this application;

[0046] Figure 5 This application Figure 4 Cross-sectional view of the middle DD;

[0047] Figure 6 is an exploded view of this application;

[0048] Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the gear shift seat in this application;

[0049] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the three gear shift positions of the gear shift seat in this application;

[0050] Figure 9 This is an exploded view of the gear shift seat in this application;

[0051] Figure 10 is a perspective view of the first conductor in this application;

[0052] Figure 11 is a perspective view of the second conductor and the insulating sheet in the present application;

[0053] Figure 12 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the upper cover in this application;

[0054] Figure 13 is a perspective view of the lower cover in this application;

[0055] Figure 14 This is a related three-dimensional diagram of the two positioning cavities of the gear shift seat in this application;

[0056] Figure 15 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the gear shift seat in this application from another perspective;

[0057] Figure 16 It is a cross-sectional view of the gear shift seat in this application;

[0058] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram showing the terminal wiring principles for the three output gears in this application;

[0059] Figure 18 is a schematic structural diagram of a power supply in an embodiment of the present application;

[0060] In the figure: 1 is the switch seat; 2 is the gear switching seat; 3 is the adjusting knob; 4 is the first conductor; 5 is the second conductor; 6 is the insulating sheet; 7 is the third conductor; 8 is the fourth conductor; 9 is the fifth conductor; 10 is the sixth conductor; 11 is the seventh conductor; 12 is the eighth conductor; 13 is the terminal; 14 is the positioning ring; 15 is the spring; 16 is the isolation sheet; 17 is the first mounting groove; 18 is the second mounting groove; 19 is the third mounting groove; 20 is the limit block; 101 is the upper cover; 102 is the lower cover; 103 is the positioning bracket; 201 is the isolation ring; 202 is the isolation groove; 203 is the first positioning cavity; 204 is the second positioning cavity; 205 is the positioning column; 401 is the first conductive sheet; 402 is the second conductive sheet; 403 is the first bending sheet; 501 is the third conductive sheet; 502 is the fourth conductive sheet; 503 is the second bending sheet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0062] The following describes the embodiments of the present application through specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present application from the contents disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The present application can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present application. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the features in the following embodiments and embodiments can be combined with each other. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0063] It should be noted that various aspects of the embodiments within the scope of the appended claims are described below. It should be apparent that the aspects described herein can be embodied in a wide variety of forms, and any specific structure and / or function described herein is merely illustrative. Based on this application, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that an aspect described herein can be implemented independently of any other aspect, and two or more of these aspects can be combined in various ways. For example, any number and aspect described herein can be used to implement an apparatus and / or practice a method. In addition, other structures and / or functionalities other than one or more of the aspects described herein can be used to implement this apparatus and / or practice this method.

[0064] It should also be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic illustrations of the basic concept of the present application. The illustrations only show components related to the present application and are not drawn according to the number, shape and size of components in actual implementation. In actual implementation, the type, quantity and proportion of each component can be changed at will, and the component layout type may also be more complicated.

[0065] Additionally, in the following description, specific details are provided to provide a thorough understanding of the examples, however, one skilled in the art will appreciate that the examples can be practiced without these specific details.

[0066] Combine Figures 1-18 As shown, the present application provides a voltage switching switch for connecting an external power supply, wherein the external power supply includes four battery packs, each of which has an output voltage of N volts; the switching switch is configured to enable the external power supply to selectively output N volts, 2N volts, or 4N volts; the switching switch includes a switch base 1, on which a plurality of wiring terminals 13 for connecting to the external power supply are arranged; the switch base 1 is movably provided with a gear switching base 2 for controlling the conductive connection between the wiring terminals 13, the gear switching base 2 including an N volt voltage gear, a 2N volt voltage gear, and a 4N volt voltage gear; the wiring terminals 13 specifically include P1+ terminal, P2+ terminal, P1- terminal, P2- terminal, P3+ terminal, P4+ terminal, P3- terminal, and P4- terminal; at this time, the P1+ terminal corresponds to the output positive pole of the entire external power supply, and the P4- terminal corresponds to the output negative pole of the entire power supply. Among them, the P1+ terminal indicates that the terminal is connected to the positive pole of the first battery, and similarly, the P1- terminal indicates that the terminal is connected to the negative pole of the first battery.

[0067] like Figure 8 and Figure 17 As shown, when the gear switching seat 2 is switched to the N volt voltage position, the P1+ terminal, P2+ terminal, P3+ terminal, and P4+ terminal are set to be connected to each other, and the P1- terminal, P2- terminal, P3- terminal, and P4- terminal are set to be connected to each other; when the gear switching seat 2 is switched to the 2N volt voltage position, the P1+ terminal and P2+ terminal are set to be connected, the P1- terminal, P2- terminal, P3+ terminal, and P4+ terminal are set to be connected to each other, and the P3- terminal and P4- terminal are set to be connected; when the gear switching seat 2 is switched to the 4N volt voltage position, the P2+ terminal and P1- terminal are set to be connected, the P2- terminal and P3+ terminal are set to be connected, and the P4+ terminal and P3- terminal are set to be connected.

[0068] Among them Figure 18As shown, the external power supply includes a first battery, a second battery, a third battery and a fourth battery from left to right. The four batteries have the same structure and a voltage of N volts. The four batteries are connected in series to output a voltage of 4N volts, the four batteries are connected in parallel to output a voltage of N volts, and the four batteries are connected in series and in parallel to output a voltage of 2N volts; the P1+ terminal and the P1- terminal on the switch seat 1 are connected to the positive and negative poles of the first battery respectively; the P2+ terminal and the P2- terminal are connected to the positive and negative poles of the second battery respectively; the P3+ terminal and the P3- terminal are connected to the positive and negative poles of the third battery respectively; the P4+ terminal and the P4- terminal are connected to the positive and negative poles of the fourth battery respectively.

[0069] In one example, N volts, 2N volts, and 4N volts correspond to 20 volts, 40 volts, and 80 volts, respectively. This means that a single battery has an output voltage of 20 volts. By connecting the batteries in series, in parallel, or in combination, these batteries can output voltages of 20 volts, 40 volts, and 80 volts. The first, second, third, and fourth batteries can be lithium batteries. It should be noted that the output voltage of a single battery can also be 18 volts, 30 volts, or other voltages.

[0070] like Figure 3 、 Figure 8 and Figure 18 As shown, the P1+ terminal, P2+ terminal, P1- terminal, P2- terminal, P3+ terminal, P4+ terminal, P3- terminal, and P4- terminal are arranged in sequence on the switch base 1. Among the 8 connecting terminals, the first and second terminals (i.e., the P1+ terminal and the P2+ terminal) are connected to the positive electrodes of the first and second batteries respectively, the third and fourth terminals (i.e., the P1- terminal and the P2- terminal) are connected to the negative electrodes of the first and second batteries respectively, the fifth and sixth terminals (i.e., the P3+ terminal and the P4+ terminal) are connected to the positive electrodes of the third and fourth batteries respectively, and the seventh and eighth terminals (i.e., the P3- terminal and the P4- terminal) are connected to the negative electrodes of the third and fourth batteries respectively.

[0071] It should be pointed out that, in this embodiment, the eight terminals are arranged in the above order, and the relevant conductive circuit structure of the three voltage gears of the gear switch seat 2 can be reasonably arranged, that is, the gear switch seat 2 of this embodiment can simply realize how to set the conduction between the eight terminals, so as to realize the series-parallel design between the four battery packs of the external power supply, thereby outputting the corresponding N volts, 2N volts, and 4N volts.

[0072] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the gear switching seat 2 is rotatably mounted on the switch seat 1, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the gear switching seat 2 is rotatably mounted at both ends of the switch seat 1; an adjustment knob 3 is provided at one end of the gear switching seat 2; Figure 5 and Figure 16 As shown, the N volt voltage gear, 2N volt voltage gear, and 4N volt voltage gear are set on the circumferential outer surface of the gear switch seat 2. By rotating the gear switch seat 2, the conductive sheet on the gear switch seat 2 is brought into contact with the corresponding terminal 13 for conduction connection.

[0073] The three voltage levels can be arranged at equal intervals of 120 degrees, or at other angles such as 90 degrees; Figure 16 As shown, the three voltage gears of this embodiment are arranged at 90 degrees apart; in the figure, the lower position is the N volt voltage gear, the left position is the 4N volt voltage gear, the upper position is the 2N volt voltage gear, and the right position is the neutral gear.

[0074] like Figure 4 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 8 、 Figures 9-11 As shown, in some embodiments, a first conductor 4 is provided at the N-volt voltage level, which is electrically connected to the P1+ terminal, P2+ terminal, P3+ terminal, and P4+ terminal, and a second conductor 5 is provided at the P1- terminal, P2- terminal, P3- terminal, and P4- terminal; in this embodiment, the first conductor 4 and the second conductor 5 are designed at the N-volt voltage level, thereby realizing a parallel design of four batteries.

[0075] like Figure 7 、 Figure 9 and Figure 16 As shown, the first conductor 4 and the second conductor 5 are conductive sheets (specifically, conductive copper sheets), and an insulating sheet 6 is provided between the first conductor 4 and the second conductor 5. The first conductor 4 and the second conductor 5 at the N volt voltage level are coplanar (as shown in FIG. Figure 7 When the shift switch 2 is rotated to the NV voltage position, the first conductor 4 contacts the P1+, P2+, P3+, and P4+ terminals of the wiring terminals 13, and the second conductor 5 contacts the P1-, P2-, P3-, and P4- terminals of the wiring terminals 13. The first and second conductors 4 and 5 are conductive sheets that form surface contact with the wiring terminals 13, providing a wide contact surface and preventing short circuits caused by poor contact.

[0076] like Figure 7 、 Figure 9 and Figure 16 As shown, the insulating sheet 6 can be designed to isolate the first conductor 4 from the second conductor 5 to avoid line interference.

[0077] like Figure 5 、 Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, in some embodiments, a third conductor 7 is provided at the 2N volt voltage position, which is electrically connected to the P1+ terminal and the P2+ terminal, a fourth conductor 8 is provided to be electrically connected to the P1- terminal, the P2- terminal, the P3+ terminal, and the P4+ terminal, and a fifth conductor 9 is provided to be electrically connected to the P3- terminal and the P4- terminal; a sixth conductor 10 is provided to be electrically connected to the P2+ terminal and the P1- terminal, a seventh conductor 11 is provided to be electrically connected to the P2- terminal and the P3+ terminal, and an eighth conductor 12 is provided to be electrically connected to the P4+ terminal and the P3- terminal at the 4N volt voltage position; the third conductor 7, the fourth conductor 8, and the fifth conductor 9 are all conductive sheets and are coplanar in design, and the sixth conductor 10, the seventh conductor 11, and the eighth conductor 12 are all conductive sheets and are coplanar in design.

[0078] It should be noted that the purpose of the coplanar design is to ensure that the end faces of the corresponding conductors are in surface contact with the terminal blocks at a certain voltage level. Preferably, some or all of the conductors are integrally molded with the plastic position switch base 2 to ensure flatness. For example, in one example, the third to eighth conductors can be integrally molded onto the position switch base 2, and then the first conductor 4, second conductor 5, and insulating sheet 6 are fixed to the position switch base 2.

[0079] In this embodiment, the third, fourth, and fifth conductors 7, 8, and 9 are designed for the 2N volt voltage range, thereby realizing a series and parallel design of four batteries, with an overall output voltage of 2N volts. The sixth, seventh, and eighth conductors 10, 11, and 12 are designed for the 4N volt voltage range, thereby realizing a series design of four batteries. When the shift position switch 2 is rotated to enter the 2N volt voltage range, the end surface of the third conductor 7 simultaneously abuts the P1+ and P2+ terminals, the end surface of the fourth conductor 8 simultaneously abuts the P1-, P2-, P3+, and P4+ terminals, and the end surface of the fifth conductor 9 simultaneously abuts the P3- and P4- terminals. When the shift position switch 2 is rotated to enter the 4N volt voltage range, the end surface of the sixth conductor 10 simultaneously abuts the P2+ and P1- terminals, the end surface of the seventh conductor 11 simultaneously abuts the P2- and P3+ terminals, and the end surface of the eighth conductor 12 simultaneously abuts the P4+ and P3- terminals.

[0080] It should be pointed out that this embodiment designs different conductors at the voltage gear positions corresponding to the gear switch seat 2, and combines the sequential arrangement of the eight terminal blocks. When the gear switch seat 2 is rotated, the power supply can output different voltages. The switching method is simple, and the structural design and layout of the gear switch seat 2 are reasonable.

[0081] exist Figure 8In the figure, different conductors are distinguished by different hatching, and it can be clearly seen that the arrangement positions of the above conductors are different; by rotating the gear switching seat 2, the contact surface of the corresponding conductor is brought into contact with different wiring terminals for conduction.

[0082] The above-mentioned conductors are all conductive sheets, specifically copper sheets; a mounting groove for mounting the above-mentioned conductors is formed on the gear shift seat 2; Figure 14 、 Figure 15 and Figure 16 As shown, the mounting grooves include a first mounting groove 17 for mounting the first conductor 4 and the second conductor 5, a second mounting groove 18 for mounting the third conductor 7, the fourth conductor 8, and the fifth conductor 9, and a third mounting groove 19 for mounting the sixth conductor 10, the seventh conductor 11, and the eighth conductor 12. The first mounting groove 17 and the second mounting groove 18 are arranged opposite to each other.

[0083] It should be pointed out that through the arrangement of eight wiring terminals and the setting of conductive plates on the gear switch seat 2, the gear switch seat 2 can have the function of switching three voltage gears. By rotating the gear switch seat 2, the four external battery packs can be connected in parallel, in series, or in combination of series and parallel, so that the power supply can output three different output voltages.

[0084] This embodiment does not specifically limit how each conductor is fixed. It is preferred that some or all of the conductors are integrally injection-molded with the gear shift seat 2. Of course, other methods such as bolt fastening and glue fixation can also be used. If all the conductors are integrally molded with the gear shift seat 2, it should be noted that the first conductor 4 and the second conductor 5 need to be separated by structures such as an insulating sheet 6.

[0085] like Figure 6 As shown, in some embodiments, the switch base 1 includes an upper cover 101 and a lower cover 102 for supporting the gear switching base 2. A positioning ring 14 that cooperates with the gear switching base 2 is also provided in the switch base 1, and the positioning ring 14 cooperates with the hole axis of the gear switching base 2; a positioning bracket 103 is also installed on the lower cover 102; the wiring terminal 13 is installed on the lower cover 102, and a spring 15 is installed at the lower end of the wiring terminal 13. The spring 15 is used to always push the wiring terminal 13 to move upward so that it can better contact and connect with the corresponding conductor.

[0086] like Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 6 and Figure 14As shown, an isolation ring 201 is further provided on the outer ring of the gear shift seat 2, and the adjacent terminal blocks 13 are isolated by the isolation ring 201; isolation grooves 202 are provided between the isolation rings 201, and isolation plates 16 are provided on both the upper cover 101 and the lower cover 102, and the isolation plates 16 are placed in the isolation grooves 202, wherein the positioning ring 14 is installed on the lower cover 102.

[0087] like Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 13 and Figure 14 As shown, preferably, recessed grooves corresponding to the isolation rings 201 are further provided on both sides of the isolation sheet 16 of the lower cover 102. In this embodiment, the connection terminals 13 are coated with conductive grease. After the upper cover 101, lower cover 102, and gear shift seat 2 are assembled together, a "labyrinth" seal can be formed by designing the isolation rings 201, recessed grooves, isolation sheet 16, and isolation grooves 202 to prevent the conductive grease from flowing onto adjacent connection terminals 13 and misleading the connection terminals. It should be noted that the upper cover 101 can also be designed with a recessed groove structure.

[0088] like Figure 14 and Figure 16 As shown in the figure, viewed clockwise in the figure, the four surfaces of the outer ring of the gear switching seat 2 form N volt voltage gear, 4N volt voltage gear, 2N volt voltage gear and neutral gear position in sequence, and the four surfaces are all planes; the neutral gear position is provided with a first positioning cavity 203 for positioning and installing the second conductor 5 and the insulating sheet 6, and a second positioning cavity 204 for positioning the first conductor 4, and the second positioning cavity 204 and the first positioning cavity 203 are provided with positioning columns 205, which can be used to position the first conductor 4, the second conductor 5 and the insulating sheet 6.

[0089] This embodiment has the function of adjusting three voltage gears, and can use the fourth surface to form a neutral position (the gear switching seat 2 of this embodiment is designed with a limit block 20, so it will not switch to the neutral position) to position the first conductor 4, the second conductor 5 and the insulating sheet 6; in this embodiment, the N volt voltage gear is set relative to the 2N volt voltage gear.

[0090] like Figure 14 As shown, the gear shift seat 2 is provided with a limit block 20 at the neutral position, as shown in FIG. Figure 13 As shown, a blocking portion is formed on the right side of the lower cover 102 so that the gear switching seat 2 of this embodiment can only be selected and switched among the three positions of N volt voltage gear, 4N volt voltage gear, and 2N volt voltage gear.

[0091] like Figures 9-11As shown, in some embodiments, the first conductor 4 includes a first conductive sheet 401 connecting the P1+ terminal and the P2+ terminal and a second conductive sheet 402 connecting the P3+ terminal and the P4+ terminal. The first conductive sheet 401 and the second conductive sheet 402 are directly connected through a bent first bent sheet 403, and the first bent sheet 403 is positioned and installed on the second positioning cavity 204; the first bent sheet 403 and the first conductive sheet 401 and the second conductive sheet 402 are bent and designed to be perpendicular.

[0092] The second conductive body 5 includes a third conductive sheet 501 connecting the P1-terminal and the P2-terminal, and a fourth conductive sheet 502 connecting the P3-terminal and the P4-terminal. The third conductive sheet 501 and the fourth conductive sheet 502 are connected by a bent second bent sheet 503. The second bent sheet 503 and the insulating sheet 6 are positioned and mounted on the first positioning cavity 203.

[0093] like Figure 7 As shown, the first bending piece 403, the second bending piece 503 and the insulating piece 6 are positioned and installed in the neutral position, and the first conductive piece 401, the second conductive piece 402, the third conductive piece 501 and the fourth conductive piece 502 are arranged on the same side and in the same plane.

[0094] In this specification, the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for the embodiments described later, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the partial description of the previous embodiments.

[0095] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A voltage switching switch connected to an external power supply, wherein the external power supply comprises four battery packs, each battery pack having an output voltage of N volts; characterized in that: The switching switch is configured to enable an external power supply to selectively output an N volt voltage, a 2N volt voltage, or a 4N volt voltage. The switching switch comprises a switch base (1), on which a plurality of connection terminals (13) for connecting to an external power supply are arranged; a gear switching base (2) for controlling the conduction connection between the connection terminals (13) is movably provided on the switch base (1), and the gear switching base (2) comprises an N volt voltage gear, a 2N volt voltage gear, and a 4N volt voltage gear; the connection terminals (13) comprise a P1+ terminal, a P2+ terminal, a P1- terminal, a P2- terminal, a P3+ terminal, a P4+ terminal, a P3- terminal, and a P4- terminal; the P1+ terminal is the output positive pole of the entire power supply, and the P4- terminal is the output negative pole of the entire power supply; When the gear switching seat (2) is switched to the N volt voltage gear, the P1+ terminal, the P2+ terminal, the P3+ terminal, and the P4+ terminal are connected to each other, and the P1- terminal, the P2- terminal, the P3- terminal, and the P4- terminal are connected to each other; When the gear shift seat (2) is switched to the 2N volt voltage gear, the P1+ terminal and the P2+ terminal are set to be conductive, the P1- terminal, the P2- terminal, the P3+ terminal, and the P4+ terminal are set to be conductive with each other, and the P3- terminal and the P4- terminal are set to be conductive; When the gear shift seat (2) is switched to the 4N volt voltage gear, the P2+ terminal and the P1- terminal are set to be conductive, the P2- terminal and the P3+ terminal are set to be conductive, and the P4+ terminal and the P3- terminal are set to be conductive.

2. The voltage switching switch according to claim 1, wherein: The P1+ terminal, P2+ terminal, P1- terminal, P2- terminal, P3+ terminal, P4+ terminal, P3- terminal and P4- terminal are arranged in sequence on the switch base (1).

3. The voltage switching switch according to claim 2, wherein: The external power supply includes a first battery, a second battery, a third battery and a fourth battery, the P1+ terminal and the P1- terminal are correspondingly connected to the positive and negative poles of the first battery; the P2+ terminal and the P2- terminal are correspondingly connected to the positive and negative poles of the second battery; the P3+ terminal and the P3- terminal are correspondingly connected to the positive and negative poles of the third battery; the P4+ terminal and the P4- terminal are correspondingly connected to the positive and negative poles of the fourth battery.

4. The voltage switching switch according to claim 2, wherein: The gear switching seat (2) is rotatably mounted on the switch seat (1); an adjustment knob (3) is provided at one end of the gear switching seat (2); and / or, The N volt voltage gear, the 2N volt voltage gear, and the 4N volt voltage gear are arranged on the circumferential outer surface of the gear switching seat (2).

5. The voltage switching switch according to claim 4, characterized in that: The N-volt voltage position is provided with a first conductor (4) that is electrically connected to the P1+ terminal, P2+ terminal, P3+ terminal, and P4+ terminal, and a second conductor (5) that is electrically connected to the P1- terminal, P2- terminal, P3- terminal, and P4- terminal; The first conductor (4) and the second conductor (5) are conductive sheets, and an insulating sheet (6) is provided between the first conductor (4) and the second conductor (5); when the shift position switching seat (2) is rotated to enter the N volt voltage position, the end face of the first conductor (4) is simultaneously in contact with the P1+ terminal, P2+ terminal, P3+ terminal, and P4+ terminal, and the end face of the second conductor (5) is simultaneously in contact with the P1- terminal, P2- terminal, P3- terminal, and P4- terminal.

6. The voltage switching switch according to claim 5, characterized in that: The 2N volt voltage position is provided with a third conductor (7) that is electrically connected to the P1+ terminal and the P2+ terminal, a fourth conductor (8) that is electrically connected to the P1- terminal, the P2- terminal, the P3+ terminal, and the P4+ terminal, and a fifth conductor (9) that is electrically connected to the P3- terminal and the P4- terminal; The 4N volt voltage gear is provided with a sixth conductor (10) which is connected to the P2+ terminal and the P1- terminal, a seventh conductor (11) which is connected to the P2- terminal and the P3+ terminal, and an eighth conductor (12) which is connected to the P4+ terminal and the P3- terminal; the third conductor (7), the fourth conductor (8), and the fifth conductor (9) are all conductive sheets and are coplanar in design; the sixth conductor (10), the seventh conductor (11), and the eighth conductor (12) are all conductive sheets and are coplanar in design; and a mounting groove for mounting the above-mentioned conductors is formed on the surface of the gear switching seat (2); The switching position switching seat (2) is rotated to enter the 2N volt voltage position, so that the end face of the third conductor (7) abuts the P1+ terminal and the P2+ terminal at the same time, the end face of the fourth conductor (8) abuts the P1- terminal, the P2- terminal, the P3+ terminal, and the P4+ terminal at the same time, and the end face of the fifth conductor (9) abuts the P3- terminal and the P4- terminal at the same time; the switching position switching seat (2) is rotated to enter the 4N volt voltage position, so that the end face of the sixth conductor (10) abuts the P2+ terminal and the P1- terminal at the same time, the end face of the seventh conductor (11) abuts the P2- terminal and the P3+ terminal at the same time, and the end face of the eighth conductor (12) abuts the P4+ terminal and the P3- terminal at the same time.

7. The voltage switching switch according to claim 1, wherein: An isolation ring (201) is further provided on the outer ring of the gear switching seat (2), and the isolation ring (201) is provided with an isolation groove (202). An isolation sheet (16) is provided in the switch seat (1), and the isolation sheet (16) is placed in the isolation groove (202); sink grooves corresponding to the isolation ring (201) are further provided on both sides of the isolation sheet (16); and a labyrinth seal is formed between the isolation ring (201), the isolation groove (202), the sink groove, and the isolation sheet (16).

8. The voltage switching switch according to claim 5, characterized in that: The four surfaces of the outer ring of the gear switching seat (2) sequentially form an N volt voltage gear, a 4N volt voltage gear, a 2N volt voltage gear and a neutral gear position, and the neutral gear position is provided with a first positioning cavity (203) for positioning the second conductor (5) and the insulating sheet (6) and a second positioning cavity (204) for positioning the first conductor (4).

9. The voltage switching switch according to claim 8, characterized in that: The first conductive body (4) comprises a first conductive sheet (401) connecting the P1+ terminal and the P2+ terminal, and a second conductive sheet (402) connecting the P3+ terminal and the P4+ terminal, the first conductive sheet (401) and the second conductive sheet (402) being directly connected via a bent first bent sheet (403), and the first bent sheet (403) being positioned and mounted on the second positioning cavity (204); The second conductive body (5) comprises a third conductive sheet (501) connecting the P1-terminal and the P2-terminal, and a fourth conductive sheet (502) connecting the P3-terminal and the P4-terminal, the third conductive sheet (501) and the fourth conductive sheet (502) being connected via a bent second bent sheet (503), and the second bent sheet (503) and the insulating sheet (6) being positioned and mounted on the first positioning cavity (203); The first conductive sheet (401), the second conductive sheet (402), the third conductive sheet (501) and the fourth conductive sheet (502) are arranged on the same side and in the same plane.

10. The voltage switching switch according to claim 7, characterized in that: The N volt voltage, 2N volt voltage and 4N volt voltage correspond to 20 volt voltage, 40 volt voltage and 80 volt voltage respectively; and / or, The switch seat (1) comprises an upper cover (101) and a lower cover (102) for supporting the gear switching seat (2); a positioning collar (14) cooperating with the gear switching seat (2) is further provided in the switch seat (1); the wiring terminal (13) is mounted on the lower cover (102), and a spring (15) is mounted at the lower end of the wiring terminal (13).

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