High-power fuel cell cathode plate structure
By setting guide grooves on the cathode plate of the fuel cell and optimizing the fluid inlet and outlet positions, the problems of large fluid resistance and uneven flow are solved, and the overall power of the fuel cell is improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510580493.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-07
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-12
AI Technical Summary
The existing fuel cell cathode plate structure has large fluid resistance and uneven flow, resulting in low power of the single cell.
A high-power fuel cell cathode plate structure is designed, with guide grooves for the flow of air and coolant, and common ports for hydrogen, coolant and air are set on the inner side of the short side to optimize the flow paths of air and coolant and reduce fluid resistance.
It effectively reduces the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of air and coolant, improves the power of the entire fuel cell stack, solves the problems of excessive pressure drop and insufficient heat dissipation, and increases the active area of the single-chip fuel cell.
Smart Images
Figure CN120637522A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of fuel cell plate design, and in particular to a high-power fuel cell cathode plate structure. Background Art
[0002] A proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is a device that generates electricity through electrochemical reactions between hydrogen and oxygen. It provides a mechanism for the orderly and stable electrochemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen. The fuel cell bipolar plate is a core component of the fuel cell. Its primary functions include providing structural support for the MEA, providing fluid channels for hydrogen, oxygen, and coolant, separating hydrogen and oxygen, collecting electrons, and conducting heat. A fuel cell bipolar plate consists of a cathode plate and an anode plate, hence the name bipolar plate. The fuel cell cathode plate's primary function is to provide a channel for the flow of air and coolant. With a thickness of 0.5-2mm, the fuel cell cathode plate must ensure adequate air supply and smooth and even coolant flow within a relatively small space. Therefore, the plate design requires a sophisticated structure and optimal space utilization.
[0003] In the prior art, the plate structure mostly adopts right-angle flow channels, which results in large fluid resistance, uneven flow, and low power of the single-chip battery. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The present application provides a high-power fuel cell cathode plate structure to solve the problems of high fluid resistance, uneven flow, and low power of a single cell in the above-mentioned prior art.
[0005] The present application provides a high-power fuel cell cathode plate structure, including a fuel cell cathode plate, a hydrogen common port, a coolant common port, an air common port, an air reversal waist hole, an air distribution area, an air mainstream area, a coolant distribution area, a coolant mainstream area and an air bridge area, wherein the fuel cell cathode plate is provided with a guide groove for the flow of air and coolant; the hydrogen common port, the coolant common port and the air common port are all arranged on the inner side of the short side of the fuel cell cathode plate; the air reversal waist hole is arranged on the inner side of the air common port; the air distribution area and the air mainstream area are both arranged on the front side of the fuel cell cathode plate; the coolant distribution area, the coolant mainstream area and the air bridge area are all arranged on the back side of the fuel cell cathode plate; the air distribution area is provided with multiple air distribution area ridges and air distribution area guide grooves; the air mainstream area is provided with multiple air mainstream area ridges and air mainstream area guide grooves; the coolant distribution area is provided with multiple coolant distribution area ridges and coolant distribution area guide grooves; the coolant mainstream area is provided with multiple coolant mainstream area ridges and coolant mainstream area guide grooves.
[0006] Optionally, the single-piece active area of the fuel cell cathode plate is 280-800 cm², and the aspect ratio of the fuel cell cathode plate is 2-5.
[0007] Optionally, the angle between the edge of the air common port close to the air bridge area and the long side of the fuel cell cathode plate is 55°-88°; the angle between the edge of the hydrogen common port close to the air distribution area and the long side of the fuel cell cathode plate is 30°-80°.
[0008] Optionally, the ratio of the length of the air inversion waist hole to the width of the fuel cell cathode plate is 0.25-0.7.
[0009] Optionally, the air distribution area connects the air flip waist hole and the air mainstream area, the air distribution area guide groove is linear, and each air distribution area guide groove corresponds to 2-15 air mainstream area guide grooves.
[0010] Optionally, the ridge of the air distribution area is circular at one end close to the air reversal waist hole, and the other end is connected to the ridge of the air mainstream area. The distance between the circular edge of each air distribution area ridge and the edge of the air reversal waist hole is 0.2-8mm.
[0011] Optionally, the ridge line of the coolant distribution area is arc-shaped, extending from the middle of the coolant common port to both sides, while the width of the guide groove of the coolant distribution area gradually widens, and the two ends of the ridge of the coolant distribution area are circular.
[0012] Optionally, both ends of the ridge in the coolant mainstream area are circular, and the distance between the circular edge of the ridge in the coolant mainstream area and the circular edge of the ridge in the coolant distribution area is 0.5-6 mm.
[0013] Optionally, the opposite side of the guide groove in the coolant mainstream area is the ridge in the air mainstream area, and the opposite side of the ridge in the coolant mainstream area is the guide groove in the air mainstream area, forming a nested structure.
[0014] Optionally, the air bridge area connects the air common port and the air flip waist hole, and the width of the air bridge area is 4-25 mm.
[0015] The present invention provides a high-power fuel cell cathode plate structure with the following beneficial effects: by providing a guide groove for the flow of air and coolant on the fuel cell cathode plate, and providing a hydrogen common port, a coolant common port and an air common port on the inner side of the short side of the fuel cell cathode plate, the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of air and coolant is effectively reduced, thereby solving the problems of excessive pressure drop, insufficient heat dissipation and uneven flow caused by unilaterally increasing the active area of a single fuel cell, greatly reducing fluid resistance, and thus improving the power of the entire fuel cell stack. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.
[0017] Figure 1 A schematic plan view of the front and back structures of a cathode plate structure of a high-power fuel cell provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the partial front and back sides of the intermediate plate structure; Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional plan view of the nested structure of the guide grooves of the center plate.
[0018] In the figure: 1. fuel cell cathode plate; 11. hydrogen common port; 12. coolant common port; 13. air common port; 14. air flip waist hole; 15. air distribution area; 16. air mainstream area; 17. coolant distribution area; 18. air bridge area; 19. coolant mainstream area; 151. air distribution area ridge; 152. air distribution area guide groove; 161. air mainstream area ridge; 162. air mainstream area guide groove; 171. coolant distribution area ridge; 172. coolant distribution area guide groove; 191. coolant mainstream area ridge; 192. coolant mainstream area guide groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0019] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0020] Figure 1Schematic diagram of the front and back structures of a high-power fuel cell cathode plate structure provided in an embodiment of the present application. The embodiment of the present application provides a high-power fuel cell cathode plate structure, including a fuel cell cathode plate 1, a hydrogen common port 11, a coolant common port 12, an air common port 13, an air flip waist hole 14, an air distribution area 15, an air mainstream area 16, a coolant distribution area 17, a coolant mainstream area 19, an air bridge area 18, an air distribution area ridge 151, an air distribution area guide groove 152, an air mainstream area ridge 161, an air mainstream area guide groove 162, a coolant distribution area ridge 171, a coolant distribution area guide groove 172, a coolant mainstream area ridge 171, a coolant mainstream area guide groove 172 ... an air bridge area 18, an air distribution area ridge 151, an air distribution area guide groove 152, an air mainstream area ridge 161, an air mainstream area guide groove 162, an air mainstream area ridge 171, an air mainstream area guide groove 172, an air bridge area 18, an air distribution area ridge 151, an air distribution area guide groove 152, an air mainstream area ridge 1 The fuel cell cathode plate 1 is provided with a guide groove for the flow of air and coolant; the hydrogen common port 11, the coolant common port 12, and the air common port 13 are all arranged on the inner side of the short side of the fuel cell cathode plate 1; the air flip waist hole 14 is arranged on the inner side of the air common port 13; the air distribution area 15 and the air mainstream area 16 are all arranged on the front side of the fuel cell cathode plate 1; the coolant distribution area 17, the coolant mainstream area 19, and the air bridge area 18 are all arranged on the back side of the fuel cell cathode plate 1.
[0021] This embodiment provides a guide groove for the flow of air and coolant on the fuel cell cathode plate 1, and provides a hydrogen common port 11, a coolant common port 12 and an air common port 13 on the inner side of the short side of the fuel cell cathode plate 1, so that the pressure difference between the air and coolant inlets and outlets is effectively reduced, thereby solving the problems of excessive pressure drop, insufficient heat dissipation and uneven flow caused by unilaterally increasing the active area of a single fuel cell, greatly reducing fluid resistance, and thus improving the power of the entire fuel cell stack.
[0022] Specifically, the hydrogen common port 11 , the coolant common port 12 and the air common port 13 arranged on the inner side of the short side of the fuel cell cathode plate 1 are all used for the entry and exit of fluid media, and the air bridge area 18 is used to connect the air common port 13 and the air flip waist hole 14 .
[0023] In an exemplary embodiment, the active area of a single piece of the fuel cell cathode plate 1 is 280-800 cm², and the aspect ratio of the fuel cell cathode plate 1 is 2-5.
[0024] In an exemplary embodiment, the angle between the edge of the air common port 13 close to the air bridge area 18 and the long side of the fuel cell cathode plate 1 is 55°-88°; the angle between the edge of the hydrogen common port 11 close to the air distribution area 15 and the long side of the fuel cell cathode plate 1 is 30°-80°, so as to ensure that the fluid enters the corresponding mainstream area from the flip port.
[0025] In an exemplary embodiment, the ratio of the length of the air reversal waist hole 14 to the width of the fuel cell cathode plate 1 is 0.25-0.7.
[0026] In an exemplary embodiment, the air distribution area 15 connects the air reversal waist hole 14 and the air mainstream area 16 , the air distribution area guide grooves 152 are linear, and each air distribution area guide groove 152 corresponds to 2-15 air mainstream area guide grooves 162 .
[0027] Specifically, a diversion trough is a structure used to guide the flow of water or other liquids. It is typically used to control and manage the flow of water or other liquids to minimize their impact on the surrounding environment. A diversion trough is typically made of concrete, metal, or other materials and can be straight, rectangular, circular, or other shapes. The specific shape and size depends on actual needs. In this embodiment, a straight trough is used.
[0028] In this embodiment, the air distribution area 15 is used to evenly deliver the incoming air flow to the air main flow area 16 .
[0029] In an exemplary embodiment, the air distribution area ridge 151 is circular at one end close to the air inversion waist hole 14, and the other end is connected to the air mainstream area ridge 161. The distance between the circular edge of each air distribution area ridge 151 and the edge of the air inversion waist hole 14 is 0.2-8 mm.
[0030] In an exemplary embodiment, the coolant distribution area ridge 171 is arc-shaped, extending from the middle of the coolant common port 12 to both sides, while the width of the coolant distribution area guide groove 172 gradually widens, and the two ends of the coolant distribution area ridge 171 are rounded.
[0031] Specifically, the coolant distribution area 17 is used to evenly deliver the incoming coolant flow to the coolant main flow area 19 .
[0032] In an exemplary embodiment, both ends of the coolant mainstream area ridge 191 are rounded, and the distance between the circular edge of the coolant mainstream area ridge 191 and the circular edge of the coolant distribution area ridge 171 is 0.5-6 mm.
[0033] In an exemplary embodiment, the opposite side of the coolant mainstream area guide groove 192 is the air mainstream area ridge 161 , and the opposite side of the coolant mainstream area ridge 191 is the air mainstream area guide groove 162 , forming a nested structure.
[0034] In an exemplary embodiment, the air bridge area 18 connects the air common port 13 and the air inversion waist hole 14 , and the width of the air bridge area 18 is 4-25 mm.
[0035] Although the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, those skilled in the art may make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present application.
[0036] Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of this application fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application is intended to include these modifications and variations.
Claims
1. A high-power fuel cell cathode plate structure, characterized in that: include: A fuel cell cathode plate (1) is provided with a guide groove for air and coolant to flow; A hydrogen common port (11), a coolant common port (12), and an air common port (13) are all arranged on the inner side of the short side of the fuel cell cathode plate (1); An air turning waist hole (14) is arranged on the inner side of the air common port (13); An air distribution area (15) and an air mainstream area (16) are both arranged on the front side of the fuel cell cathode plate (1); The coolant distribution area (17), the coolant main flow area (19), and the air bridge area (18) are all arranged on the reverse side of the fuel cell cathode plate (1); The air distribution area (15) is provided with a plurality of air distribution area ridges (151) and air distribution area guide grooves (152); The air mainstream area (16) is provided with a plurality of air mainstream area ridges (161) and air mainstream area guide grooves (162); The coolant distribution area (17) is provided with a plurality of coolant distribution area ridges (171) and coolant distribution area guide grooves (172); The coolant mainstream area (19) is provided with a plurality of coolant mainstream area ridges (191) and coolant mainstream area guide grooves (192).
2. A high-power fuel cell cathode plate structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The single-piece active area of the fuel cell cathode plate (1) is 280-800 cm², and the aspect ratio of the fuel cell cathode plate (1) is 2-5.
3. A high-power fuel cell cathode plate structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle between the edge of the air common port (13) close to the air bridge area (18) and the long side of the fuel cell cathode plate (1) is 55°-88°; the angle between the edge of the hydrogen common port (11) close to the air distribution area (15) and the long side of the fuel cell cathode plate (1) is 30°-80°.
4. A high-power fuel cell cathode plate structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ratio of the length of the air turnover waist hole (14) to the width of the fuel cell cathode plate (1) is 0.25-0.
7.
5. The high-power fuel cell cathode plate structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air distribution area (15) connects the air turning waist hole (14) and the air mainstream area (16). The air distribution area guide grooves (152) are linear, and each air distribution area guide groove (152) corresponds to 2-15 air mainstream area guide grooves (162).
6. A high-power fuel cell cathode plate structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The air distribution area ridge (151) is circular at one end close to the air reversal waist hole (14), and the other end is connected to the air mainstream area ridge (161). The distance between the circular edge of each air distribution area ridge (151) and the edge of the air reversal waist hole (14) is 0.2-8 mm.
7. A high-power fuel cell cathode plate structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coolant distribution area ridge (171) is arc-shaped and extends from the middle of the coolant common port (12) to both sides. At the same time, the width of the coolant distribution area guide groove (172) gradually widens, and the two ends of the coolant distribution area ridge (171) are circular.
8. The high-power fuel cell cathode plate structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the coolant mainstream area ridge (191) are circular, and the distance between the circular edge of the coolant mainstream area ridge (191) and the circular edge of the coolant distribution area ridge (171) is 0.5-6 mm.
9. A high-power fuel cell cathode plate structure according to claim 10, characterized in that: The reverse side of the coolant mainstream area guide groove (192) is the air mainstream area ridge (161), and the reverse side of the coolant mainstream area ridge (191) is the air mainstream area guide groove (162), forming a nested structure.
10. The high-power fuel cell cathode plate structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air bridge area (18) connects the air common port (13) and the air flip waist hole (14), and the width of the air bridge area (18) is 4-25 mm.