Fuel cell stack public channel parameter detection system

Abstract

The invention discloses a fuel cell stack public channel parameter detection system, and relates to the technical field of fuel cells, bipolar plates of n fuel cell units in a fuel cell stack are set as acquisition bipolar plates, and temperature measurement channels and / or acquisition channels are arranged on the acquisition bipolar plates; the temperature measuring channel is used for measuring the temperature of the fluid inlet and / or the fluid outlet, and then the temperature is obtained and monitored by the temperature detecting system, and the collecting channel is used for collecting part of fluid at the fluid inlet and / or the fluid outlet, and then parameter detection is carried out by the fluid detecting system; according to the method, fluid parameters of fluid inlets and / or fluid outlets of collection bipolar plates of n fuel cell units are detected to realize effective detection of multiple physical quantities of fluid at different positions of a common channel in the operation process of the fuel cell stack, so that design and problem diagnosis of the fuel cell stack can be guided, the detection channels can be flexibly switched, and the detection efficiency is improved. And different detection requirements are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of fuel cell technology, and in particular to a fuel cell stack common channel parameter detection system. Background Art

[0002] A fuel cell is an energy conversion device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy through a chemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen within a fuel cell stack. A fuel cell stack is composed of multiple fuel cell units stacked in series. Each fuel cell unit primarily consists of a bipolar plate, a membrane electrode, and a stack of bipolar plates. Fuel cells have attracted widespread attention in recent years due to their high energy density, high efficiency, and environmental friendliness. However, the commercialization of fuel cells still faces numerous technical challenges, such as stack consistency, water management, thermal management, reactant distribution, and current distribution.

[0003] The common channel of a fuel cell stack is a crucial component of the stack structure. It is responsible for evenly distributing fluids such as hydrogen, air (oxygen), and coolant to each fuel cell unit, while also collecting and discharging the reacted fluids. Fluid distribution in the common channel of a fuel cell stack directly affects the stack's consistency. Effectively detecting the state of fluids entering or exiting the fuel cell units (monolithic flow field) through the common channel at different locations in the stack is crucial for studying fuel cell stack consistency.

[0004] In existing technologies, high power output is generally achieved by connecting multiple fuel cell stacks in parallel. Therefore, existing detection systems primarily focus on parameter detection of different single-stack manifolds (i.e., different fuel cell stacks) within a multi-stack parallel system. By detecting parameters such as flow, pressure, and temperature at the inlet of each single-stack manifold, they control the consistency between the stacks. However, they are unable to effectively detect the fluid state at different locations within the common channel of a single stack. However, as the power of a single fuel cell stack continues to increase, the number of fuel cell units within a single stack is also increasing. Therefore, how to effectively detect the fluid state at different locations within the common channel of a fuel cell stack during operation is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in current fuel cell stack diagnostic analysis. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, an embodiment of the present application provides a fuel cell stack common channel parameter detection system to effectively detect the fluid state at different positions of the common channel of the fuel cell stack during operation.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A fuel cell stack common channel parameter detection system, comprising:

[0008] n collection bipolar plates, each of which is provided as a bipolar plate for n fuel cell units in a fuel cell stack, the collection bipolar plates comprising a plurality of groups of fluid inlets and outlets, each group of fluid inlets and outlets comprising a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet, the fluid inlet being in communication with a common channel for the flow of corresponding fluids in the fuel cell stack, and the fluid outlet being in communication with a common channel for the discharge of corresponding fluids in the fuel cell stack, where n ≥ 1;

[0009] The collection bipolar plate further includes a temperature measurement channel and / or a collection channel; the temperature measurement channel is embedded with a temperature sensor, the temperature measurement channel extends into the fluid inlet for measuring the temperature at the fluid inlet, or the temperature measurement channel extends into the fluid outlet for measuring the temperature at the fluid outlet; the collection channel extends into the fluid inlet for collecting part of the fluid at the fluid inlet, or the collection channel extends into the fluid outlet for collecting part of the fluid at the fluid outlet;

[0010] A channel parameter acquisition system, the channel parameter acquisition system includes a temperature detection system and / or a fluid detection system; the temperature detection system is connected to the temperature measurement channel and is used to obtain and monitor the temperature measured by the temperature measurement channel; the fluid detection system is connected to the acquisition channel and is used to detect the parameters of the fluid collected by the acquisition channel.

[0011] Optionally, the collection bipolar plate includes an anode surface and a cathode surface arranged opposite to each other, and a side surface located between the anode surface and the cathode surface, the temperature measurement channel is led out from the side surface of the collection bipolar plate, and the collection channel is led out from the side surface of the collection bipolar plate.

[0012] Optionally, the temperature detection system includes an external temperature measurement channel and a temperature detection processor, the external temperature measurement channel is connected to the temperature measurement channel in a one-to-one correspondence, and the temperature detection processor obtains the temperature measured by the temperature measurement channel through the external temperature measurement channel.

[0013] Optionally, the multiple groups of fluid inlets and outlets in the collection bipolar plate include a cathode gas inlet and outlet group, an anode gas inlet and outlet group, and a coolant inlet and outlet group, the cathode gas inlet and outlet group includes a cathode gas inlet and a cathode gas outlet, the anode gas inlet and outlet group includes an anode gas inlet and an anode gas outlet, and the coolant inlet and outlet group includes a coolant inlet and a coolant outlet; at least one of the cathode gas inlet, the cathode gas outlet, the anode gas inlet, and the anode gas outlet is provided with the collection channel;

[0014] The fluid detection system includes an external collection channel, a pressure differential detection system and a gas collection system; the external collection channel is connected to the collection channel in a one-to-one correspondence, the external collection channel is connected to the pressure differential detection system, and is connected to the gas collection system;

[0015] The pressure differential detection system is used to detect the gas pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the same type of gas of the collection bipolar plate of the corresponding fuel cell unit, or the gas pressure difference between the inlet of the same type of gas of the collection bipolar plate of the corresponding two fuel cell units, or the gas pressure difference between the outlet of the same type of gas of the collection bipolar plate of the corresponding two fuel cell units based on the gas collected by any two of the external collection channels;

[0016] The gas collection system is used to detect the parameters of the gas at the corresponding gas inlet or outlet of the collection bipolar plate of the corresponding fuel cell unit based on the gas collected by any of the external collection channels.

[0017] Optionally, the pressure differential detection system includes multiple pressure measurement channels, multiple interface units and a pressure differential detection unit;

[0018] The pressure measuring channels are in one-to-one communication with the external acquisition channels, and the pressure measuring channels are in one-to-one communication with the interface units;

[0019] The pressure measuring channel can be selectively connected to the first end or the second end of the pressure difference detection unit through the corresponding interface unit, and the pressure difference detection unit is used to detect the gas pressure difference between the first end and the second end of the pressure difference detection unit.

[0020] Optionally, each of the pressure measuring channels is provided with a pressure measuring channel solenoid valve.

[0021] Optionally, the interface unit includes a three-way valve, a first communication branch and a second communication branch, the first communication branch is provided with a first solenoid valve, and the second communication branch is provided with a second solenoid valve;

[0022] The first end of the three-way valve is connected to the pressure measuring channel, the second end of the three-way valve is connected to the first end of the first connecting branch, the second end of the first connecting branch is connected to the first end of the pressure differential detection unit, the third end of the three-way valve is connected to the first end of the second connecting branch, and the second end of the second connecting branch is connected to the second end of the pressure differential detection unit.

[0023] Optionally, the pressure difference detection unit includes a high pressure difference interval detection channel and a low pressure difference interval detection channel connected in parallel;

[0024] The high pressure difference interval detection channel includes a high pressure difference interval sensor and a third solenoid valve and a fourth solenoid valve located at both ends of the high pressure difference interval sensor;

[0025] The low pressure difference interval detection channel includes a low pressure difference interval sensor and a fifth solenoid valve and a sixth solenoid valve located at both ends of the low pressure difference interval sensor.

[0026] Optionally, the gas collection system includes a plurality of gas collection channels, the gas collection channels are connected to the external collection channels in a one-to-one correspondence, and each of the gas collection channels is provided with a gas collection solenoid valve;

[0027] The gas collection system further comprises:

[0028] a water vapor separation device in communication with each of the gas collection and collection channels, the water vapor separation device being used to separate water vapor from the gas collected by the gas collection and collection channels;

[0029] a gas storage device connected to the water vapor separation device via a collection switch, the gas storage device being used to collect and store the gas after water vapor separation by the water vapor separation device;

[0030] and a gas detection device, which is used to detect the concentration and / or humidity of the gas collected and stored by the gas storage device.

[0031] Optionally, the multiple groups of fluid inlets and outlets in the collection bipolar plate include a cathode gas inlet and outlet group, an anode gas inlet and outlet group, and a coolant inlet and outlet group, the cathode gas inlet and outlet group includes a cathode gas inlet and a cathode gas outlet, the anode gas inlet and outlet group includes an anode gas inlet and an anode gas outlet, the coolant inlet and outlet group includes a coolant inlet and a coolant outlet, and the cathode gas inlet, the cathode gas outlet, the anode gas inlet, the anode gas outlet, the coolant inlet and the coolant outlet are all provided with the temperature measurement channel and the collection channel.

[0032] Optionally, the gas at the cathode gas inlet and the cathode gas outlet includes air or a mixed gas of oxygen and nitrogen;

[0033] The gas in the anode gas inlet and the anode gas outlet includes a mixed gas of hydrogen and nitrogen.

[0034] Compared with the existing technology, the above technical solution has the following advantages:

[0035] The fuel cell stack common channel parameter detection system provided in the embodiment of the present application is achieved by setting the bipolar plates of n (n≥1) fuel cell units in the fuel cell stack as collection bipolar plates. Since the collection bipolar plates include multiple groups of fluid inlets and outlets, each group of fluid inlets and outlets includes a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet, and the fluid inlet is connected to the common channel through which the corresponding fluid in the fuel cell stack flows in, and the fluid outlet is connected to the common channel through which the corresponding fluid in the fuel cell stack is discharged, therefore, by detecting the parameters of the fluid inlet and / or fluid outlet of the collection bipolar plates of n fuel cell units, the fluid state at different positions of the common channel during operation of the fuel cell stack can be detected. Specifically, a temperature measurement channel and / or a collection channel are set on the collection bipolar plate. The detection system provided in the embodiment of the present application also includes a channel parameter collection system. The channel parameter collection system includes a temperature detection system and / or a fluid detection system, wherein the temperature measurement channel is embedded with a temperature sensor, the temperature measurement channel extends into the fluid inlet and / or the fluid outlet, and is used to measure the temperature at the fluid inlet and / or the fluid outlet. The temperature detection system is connected to the temperature measurement channel and is used to obtain and monitor the temperature measured by the temperature measurement channel; the collection channel extends into the fluid inlet and / or the fluid outlet, and is used to collect part of the fluid at the fluid inlet and / or the fluid outlet. The fluid detection system is connected to the collection channel and is used to detect the parameters of the fluid collected by the collection channel, so as to facilitate the detection of parameters such as pressure difference, concentration and humidity at different positions of the common channel of the fuel cell stack. In this way, the effective detection of multiple physical quantities of the fluid at different positions of the common channel of the fuel cell stack during operation can be achieved, which can guide the design and problem diagnosis of the fuel cell stack. In addition, the detection channel can be flexibly switched to meet different detection needs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0037] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of a fuel cell stack common channel parameter detection system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 2 A schematic plan view of a bipolar plate for collecting data in a fuel cell stack common channel parameter detection system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 3 This is a structural block diagram of a temperature detection system in the fuel cell stack common channel parameter detection system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 4 This is a structural block diagram of the pressure difference detection system in the fuel cell stack common channel parameter detection system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 5 This is a structural block diagram of the gas collection system in the fuel cell stack common channel parameter detection system provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0042] Reference numerals:

[0043] stack-fuel cell stack; cell-fuel cell unit; 100-collection bipolar plate; 110-cathode gas inlet and outlet group; 120-anode gas inlet and outlet group; 130-coolant inlet and outlet group; 111-cathode gas inlet; 112-cathode gas outlet; 121-anode gas inlet; 122-anode gas outlet; 131-coolant inlet; 132-coolant outlet; 101-temperature measurement channel; 102-collection channel; 200-channel parameter acquisition system; 210-temperature detection system; 22 0-fluid detection system; 211-external temperature measurement channel; 212-temperature detection processor; 221-external acquisition channel; 222-pressure differential detection system; 223-gas acquisition system; 224-controller; 10-pressure measurement channel; 11-pressure measurement channel solenoid valve; 20-interface unit; 30-pressure differential detection unit; 21-three-way valve; 22-first connecting branch; 23-second connecting branch; 24-first solenoid valve; 25-second solenoid valve; 31-high pressure differential interval detection channel; 32-low pressure differential interval detection channel; P h -High pressure difference interval sensor; 33-third solenoid valve; 34-fourth solenoid valve; P l - low pressure difference interval sensor; 35- fifth solenoid valve; 36- sixth solenoid valve; 40- gas collection channel; 41- gas collection solenoid valve; 50- water vapor separation device; 51- collection switch; 60- gas storage device; 70- gas detection device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0045] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0046] As described in the background technology section, how to effectively detect the fluid status at different locations of the common channel of a fuel cell stack during operation is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in current fuel cell stack diagnostic analysis.

[0047] In view of this, the embodiment of the present application provides a fuel cell stack common channel parameter detection system, Figure 1 The structure diagram of a fuel cell stack common channel parameter detection system provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Figure 1 As shown, the detection system sets the bipolar plates of n fuel cell units in the fuel cell stack as the collection bipolar plates. It can be understood that the fuel cell stack includes m fuel cell units, and n fuel cell units (such as Figure 1 The bipolar plates (cell 1, cell 10 ... cell m) are set as collection bipolar plates, m ≥ n, n ≥ 1, that is, the detection system includes n collection bipolar plates.

[0048] Figure 2 FIG. 1 shows a planar schematic diagram of a collection bipolar plate in a fuel cell stack common channel parameter detection system provided by an embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown, the collection bipolar plate 100 includes multiple groups of fluid inlets and outlets, each group of fluid inlets and outlets includes a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet, the fluid inlet is connected to the common channel for the corresponding fluid to flow into the fuel cell stack, and the fluid outlet is connected to the common channel for the corresponding fluid to be discharged from the fuel cell stack.

[0049] like Figure 2As shown, the multiple groups of fluid inlets and outlets in the collection bipolar plate 100 may include a cathode gas inlet and outlet group 110, an anode gas inlet and outlet group 120, and a coolant inlet and outlet group 130; wherein, the cathode gas inlet and outlet group 110 includes a cathode gas inlet 111 and a cathode gas outlet 112, the cathode gas inlet 111 is connected to the common channel for the cathode gas to flow into the fuel cell stack, and the cathode gas outlet 112 is connected to the common channel for the cathode gas to be discharged from the fuel cell stack; the anode gas inlet and outlet group 120 includes an anode gas inlet 121 and an anode gas outlet 122, the anode gas inlet 121 is connected to the common channel for the anode gas to flow into the fuel cell stack, and the anode gas outlet 122 is connected to the common channel for the anode gas to be discharged from the fuel cell stack; the coolant inlet and outlet group 130 includes a coolant inlet 131 and a coolant outlet 132, the coolant inlet 131 is connected to the common channel for the coolant to flow into the fuel cell stack, and the coolant outlet 132 is connected to the common channel for the coolant to be discharged from the fuel cell stack.

[0050] like Figure 2 As shown, the collection bipolar plate 100 further includes a temperature measurement channel 101 and / or a collection channel 102 .

[0051] When the collection bipolar plate 100 includes a temperature measurement channel 101, a temperature sensor is embedded in the temperature measurement channel 101. Thus, the temperature measurement channel 101 can extend into the fluid inlet to measure the temperature at the fluid inlet; alternatively, the temperature measurement channel 101 can extend into the fluid outlet to measure the temperature at the fluid outlet. Because the fluid inlet of the collection bipolar plate 100 is connected to the common channel through which the corresponding fluid flows into the fuel cell stack, and the fluid outlet of the collection bipolar plate 100 is connected to the common channel through which the corresponding fluid flows out of the fuel cell stack, the temperatures at the fluid inlet / fluid outlet of the collection bipolar plate 100 are the temperatures at different locations in the corresponding common channel of the fuel cell stack.

[0052] For example, the cathode gas inlet 111 of the collection bipolar plate 100 is provided with a temperature measuring channel 101, and the temperature measuring channel 101 extends into the cathode gas inlet 111 to measure the temperature of the cathode gas inlet 111, so as to obtain the temperature of the cathode gas flowing into the common channel at the position of the cathode gas inlet 111 of the corresponding collection bipolar plate 100 in the fuel cell stack.

[0053] When the collection bipolar plate 100 includes a collection channel 102, the collection channel 102 can extend into the fluid inlet to collect a portion of the fluid at the fluid inlet; alternatively, the collection channel 102 can extend into the fluid outlet to collect a portion of the fluid at the fluid outlet. Because the fluid inlet of the collection bipolar plate 100 is connected to the common channel through which the corresponding fluid flows into the fuel cell stack, and the fluid outlet of the collection bipolar plate 100 is connected to the common channel through which the corresponding fluid flows out of the fuel cell stack, the portion of fluid collected at the fluid inlet / fluid outlet of the bipolar plate 100 is equivalent to the portion of fluid at different locations in the corresponding common channel of the fuel cell stack.

[0054] For example, the cathode gas inlet 111 of the collection bipolar plate 100 is provided with a collection channel 102, and the collection channel 102 extends into the cathode gas inlet 111 to collect part of the cathode gas at the cathode gas inlet 111, so as to obtain part of the cathode gas in the fuel cell stack that flows into the common channel at the cathode gas inlet 111 position of the corresponding collection bipolar plate 100.

[0055] It is understandable that a temperature measurement channel 101 and / or a collection channel 102 may be provided at the cathode gas inlet 111, cathode gas outlet 112, anode gas inlet 121, anode gas outlet 122, coolant inlet 131, and coolant outlet 132 of the bipolar plate 100 according to the detection requirements. Figure 2 As shown, temperature measurement channels 101 and collection channels 102 may be provided at the cathode gas inlet 111 , cathode gas outlet 112 , anode gas inlet 121 , anode gas outlet 122 , coolant inlet 131 and coolant outlet 132 of the bipolar plate 100 .

[0056] Optionally, the gas in the cathode gas inlet 111 and the cathode gas outlet 112 may include air or a mixed gas of oxygen and nitrogen with different oxygen concentrations.

[0057] Optionally, the gas in the anode gas inlet 121 and the anode gas outlet 122 may include a mixed gas of hydrogen and nitrogen with different hydrogen concentrations.

[0058] It is also understandable that the reference Figure 2 As shown, the collection bipolar plate 100 includes an anode surface and a cathode surface that are arranged opposite to each other, as well as a side surface located between the anode surface and the cathode surface. Since the bipolar plates of each fuel cell unit cell in the fuel cell stack are stacked and pressed tightly, the temperature measurement channel 101 is led out from the side of the collection bipolar plate 100, and the collection channel 102 is led out from the side of the collection bipolar plate 100.

[0059] Optionally, a detection portion (such as a thermal resistor) of the temperature sensor in the temperature measurement channel 101 extends from a side surface of the collection bipolar plate 100 into the fluid inlet / fluid outlet of the collection bipolar plate 100 .

[0060] Optionally, the collection channel 102 may be a through-type needle tube extending from the side of the collection bipolar plate 100 into the fluid inlet / fluid outlet of the collection bipolar plate 100. The diameter of the collection channel 102 may be 0.1 mm to 1 mm, inclusive.

[0061] In the embodiments of the present application, the collection bipolar plate 100 can be installed at different locations within the fuel cell stack, depending on testing requirements, to detect common channel parameters within the fuel cell stack. It is understood that the collection bipolar plate 100 maintains the same structural profile as other non-collection bipolar plates within the fuel cell stack, such as the same internal flow channel structure, and can be made of graphite, composite, or metal.

[0062] like Figure 1 As shown, the fuel cell stack common channel parameter detection system provided in the embodiment of the present application also includes a channel parameter acquisition system 200, and the channel parameter acquisition system 200 includes a temperature detection system 210 and / or a fluid detection system 220, wherein the temperature detection system 210 is connected to the temperature measurement channel 101, and is used to obtain and monitor the temperature measured by the temperature measurement channel 101; the fluid detection system 220 is connected to the acquisition channel 102, and is used to detect the parameters of the fluid collected by the acquisition channel 102, so as to facilitate the detection of parameters such as pressure, concentration and humidity at different positions of the common channel in the fuel cell stack.

[0063] It can be seen that the fuel cell stack common channel parameter detection system provided in the embodiment of the present application can realize the effective detection of multiple physical quantities of fluid at different positions of the common channel during the operation of the fuel cell stack, and thus can guide the design and problem diagnosis of the fuel cell stack. Moreover, the detection channel can be flexibly switched to meet different detection needs.

[0064] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3A structural block diagram of a temperature detection system in the fuel cell stack common channel parameter detection system provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown. It can be seen that the temperature detection system 210 includes an external temperature measurement channel 211 and a temperature detection processor 212. The external temperature measurement channel 211 is connected to the temperature measurement channel 101 of the acquisition bipolar plate 100 in a one-to-one manner. The temperature detection processor 212 obtains the temperature measured by the temperature measurement channel 101 through the external temperature measurement channel 211. The temperature detection processor 212 can record and monitor the temperatures measured by each temperature measurement channel 101 in real time. In this way, multi-channel real-time synchronous detection of the temperatures at different positions of the common channel in the fuel cell stack can be performed.

[0065] Optionally, the detection temperature range of the temperature detection system may be -40°C to 120°C.

[0066] As known above, Figure 2 As shown, the collection bipolar plate 100 includes multiple groups of fluid inlets and outlets including a cathode gas inlet and outlet group 110, an anode gas inlet and outlet group 120, and a coolant inlet and outlet group 130. The cathode gas inlet and outlet group 110 includes a cathode gas inlet 111 and a cathode gas outlet 112, the anode gas inlet and outlet group 120 includes an anode gas inlet 121 and an anode gas outlet 122, and the coolant inlet and outlet group 130 includes a coolant inlet 131 and a coolant outlet 132. On this basis, at least one of the cathode gas inlet 111, the cathode gas outlet 112, the anode gas inlet 121, and the anode gas outlet 122 in the bipolar plate 100 is provided with a collection channel 102, so that the collection channel 102 is used to collect part of the gas at different positions of the gas common channel in the fuel cell stack to detect parameters such as the pressure difference, gas concentration, and gas humidity at different positions of the gas common channel in the fuel cell stack.

[0067] In this embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the fluid detection system 220 includes an external collection channel 221, a pressure difference detection system 222 and a gas collection system 223, wherein the external collection channel 221 is connected to the collection channel 102 in a one-to-one correspondence, the external collection channel 221 is connected to the pressure difference detection system 222, and is connected to the gas collection system 223.

[0068] The pressure differential detection system 222 is used to detect the gas pressure differential between the gas inlets and outlets of the same type of gas collection bipolar plates of the corresponding fuel cell units based on the gas collected by the two external collection channels 221, or to detect the gas pressure differential between the gas inlets and outlets of the same type of gas collection bipolar plates of the corresponding two fuel cell units based on the gas collected by the two external collection channels 221, or to detect the gas pressure differential between the gas outlets and outlets of the same type of gas collection bipolar plates of the corresponding two fuel cell units based on the gas collected by the two external collection channels 221. In other words, the pressure differential detection system 222 is used to detect the gas pressure differential between the gas inlets and outlets of the same type of gas collection bipolar plates of the corresponding fuel cell units, or the gas pressure differential between the gas inlets and outlets and outlets of the same type of gas collection bipolar plates of the corresponding two fuel cell units based on the gas collected by any two external collection channels 221.

[0069] The gas collection system 223 is used to detect the parameters of the gas at the corresponding gas inlet or outlet of the collection bipolar plate of the corresponding fuel cell unit based on the gas collected by any external collection channel 221.

[0070] For example, if the cathode gas inlets 111 of n collection bipolar plates 100 are provided with collection channels 102, then there are n collection channels 102 in total to respectively collect part of the cathode gas at the corresponding n cathode gas inlets 111; since the external collection channels 211 and the collection channels 102 are connected one-to-one, the n external collection channels 221 respectively collect part of the cathode gas at the corresponding n cathode gas inlets 111; furthermore, the pressure difference detection system 222 can obtain the gas pressure difference between the cathode gas inlets of the two collection bipolar plates based on the part of the cathode gas at the cathode gas inlets of the two collection bipolar plates collected by any two external collection channels 221; and the gas collection system 223 can detect the concentration, humidity and other parameters of the cathode gas at the cathode gas inlet of the corresponding collection bipolar plate based on the part of the cathode gas at the cathode gas inlet of the corresponding collection bipolar plate collected by any external collection channel 221.

[0071] Further optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, combined with Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4A structural block diagram of the pressure differential detection system in the fuel cell stack common channel parameter detection system provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown. It can be seen that the pressure differential detection system 222 includes multiple pressure measuring channels 10, multiple interface units 20 and a pressure differential detection unit 30; wherein, the pressure measuring channels 10 are connected to the external collection channels 221 in a one-to-one correspondence, and the pressure measuring channels 10 are connected to the interface units 20 in a one-to-one correspondence; the pressure measuring channels 10 can be selectively connected to the first end or the second end of the pressure differential detection unit 30 through the correspondingly connected interface units 20, and the pressure differential detection unit 30 is used to detect the gas pressure difference between its first end and the second end.

[0072] For example, the bipolar plates of the first fuel cell unit cell1 and the tenth fuel cell unit cell10 of the fuel cell stack are the collection bipolar plates 100, the gas pressure of the cathode gas inlet of the fuel cell stack can be 80kPa.g, and the gas pressure of the anode gas inlet can be 85kPa.g. Among the multiple pressure measuring channels 10, the P1 pressure measuring channel is the pressure measuring channel of the cathode gas inlet 111 of the collection bipolar plate 100 of the first fuel cell unit cell1 corresponding to the common channel, and the P2 pressure measuring channel is the pressure measuring channel of the cathode gas inlet 111 of the collection bipolar plate 100 of the tenth fuel cell unit cell10 corresponding to the common channel. The pressure measuring channel of the common channel, in order to test the gas pressure difference between the common channels corresponding to the cathode gas inlet 111 of the collection bipolar plate 100 of the 1st fuel cell unit cell1 and the 10th fuel cell unit cell10, the P1 pressure measuring channel and the P2 pressure measuring channel are connected to the two ends of the pressure difference detection unit through their respective corresponding connected interface units 20, and the gas pressure difference between the P1 pressure measuring channel and the P2 pressure measuring channel can be measured, thereby obtaining the gas pressure difference between the common channels corresponding to the cathode gas inlet 111 of the collection bipolar plate 100 of the 1st fuel cell unit cell1 and the 10th fuel cell unit cell10.

[0073] For another example, the P3 pressure measuring channel is the pressure measuring channel of the common channel corresponding to the anode gas inlet 121 of the collection bipolar plate 100 of the first fuel cell unit cell1, and the P4 pressure measuring channel is the pressure measuring channel of the common channel corresponding to the anode gas inlet 121 of the collection bipolar plate 100 of the tenth fuel cell unit cell1. In order to test the gas pressure difference between the common channels corresponding to the anode gas inlets 121 of the collection bipolar plates 100 of the first fuel cell unit cell1 and the tenth fuel cell unit cell10, the P3 pressure measuring channel and the P4 pressure measuring channel are connected to the two ends of the pressure difference detection unit through their respective corresponding connected interface units 20, and the gas pressure difference between the P3 pressure measuring channel and the P4 pressure measuring channel can be measured, thereby obtaining the gas pressure difference between the common channels corresponding to the anode gas inlets 121 of the collection bipolar plates 100 of the first fuel cell unit cell1 and the tenth fuel cell unit cell10.

[0074] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, such as Figure 1 As shown, each pressure measuring channel 10 is provided with a pressure measuring channel solenoid valve 11 , so that the corresponding pressure measuring channel 10 can be opened and closed by using the pressure measuring channel solenoid valve 11 .

[0075] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, such as Figure 4 As shown, the interface unit 20 includes a three-way valve 21, a first connecting branch 22 and a second connecting branch 23. A first solenoid valve 24 is provided on the first connecting branch 22, and a second solenoid valve 25 is provided on the second connecting branch 23; the first end of the three-way valve 21 is connected to the pressure measuring channel 10, the second end of the three-way valve 21 is connected to the first end of the first connecting branch 22, the second end of the first connecting branch 22 is connected to the first end of the pressure differential detection unit 30, the third end of the three-way valve 21 is connected to the first end of the second connecting branch 23, and the second end of the second connecting branch 23 is connected to the second end of the pressure differential detection unit 30.

[0076] In this way, it can be understood that, in order to connect a pressure measuring channel 10 (such as the P1 pressure measuring channel) with the first end of the pressure differential detection unit 30, it is only necessary to open the first solenoid valve 24 on the first connecting branch 22 in the interface unit 20 and close the second solenoid valve 25 on the second connecting branch 23; in order to connect a pressure measuring channel 10 (such as the P1 pressure measuring channel) with the second end of the pressure differential detection unit 30, it is only necessary to open the second solenoid valve 25 on the second connecting branch 23 in the interface unit 20 and close the first solenoid valve 24 on the first connecting branch 22.

[0077] Taking into account the large difference in gas pressure difference at different positions of the gas common channel in the fuel cell stack, for example, the gas pressure difference between the common channels corresponding to the cathode gas inlet 111 of the collection bipolar plate 100 of the 1st fuel cell unit cell1 and the 10th fuel cell unit cell10 is relatively small, while the gas pressure difference between the common channels corresponding to the cathode gas inlet 111 of the collection bipolar plate 100 of the 1st fuel cell unit cell1 and the 20th fuel cell unit cell10 is relatively large. Therefore, optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, such as Figure 4 As shown, the pressure difference detection unit 30 includes a high pressure difference interval detection channel 31 and a low pressure difference interval detection channel 32 connected in parallel; the high pressure difference interval detection channel 31 includes a high pressure difference interval sensor P h And the sensor P in the high pressure difference area h The third solenoid valve 33 and the fourth solenoid valve 34 at both ends; the low pressure difference interval detection channel 32 includes a low pressure difference interval sensor P l And the sensor P in the low pressure difference range lThe fifth solenoid valve 35 and the sixth solenoid valve 36 at both ends.

[0078] In this embodiment, when the high pressure difference interval detection channel 31 is needed to detect the gas pressure difference, the high pressure difference interval sensor P is turned on. h The third solenoid valve 33 and the fourth solenoid valve 34 at both ends close the low pressure difference zone sensor P l The fifth solenoid valve 35 and the sixth solenoid valve 36 at both ends; when the low pressure difference interval detection channel 32 is needed to detect the gas pressure difference, the low pressure difference interval sensor P is opened l The fifth solenoid valve 35 and the sixth solenoid valve 36 at both ends close the high pressure difference interval sensor P h The third solenoid valve 33 and the fourth solenoid valve 34 are at both ends.

[0079] For example, if you want to test the gas pressure difference between the common channels corresponding to the cathode gas inlet 111 of the collection bipolar plate 100 of the first fuel cell unit cell1 and the tenth fuel cell unit cell10, you can open the first solenoid valve 24 in the interface unit 20 corresponding to the P1 pressure measuring channel, and open the second solenoid valve 25 in the interface unit 20 corresponding to the P2 pressure measuring channel, and at the same time open the low pressure difference interval sensor P in the low pressure difference interval detection channel 32 in the pressure difference detection unit 30. l By closing the fifth solenoid valve 35 and the sixth solenoid valve 36 at both ends and closing other pressure solenoid valves, the gas pressure difference between the cathode gas inlet 111 of the collection bipolar plate 100 corresponding to the common channel of the first fuel cell unit cell1 and the tenth fuel cell unit cell10 can be measured. For example, the measured pressure difference is 40Pa.

[0080] For another example, if you want to test the gas pressure difference between the common channels corresponding to the anode gas inlet 121 of the collection bipolar plate 100 of the first fuel cell unit cell1 and the tenth fuel cell unit cell10, you can open the first solenoid valve 24 in the interface unit 20 corresponding to the P3 pressure measuring channel, and open the second solenoid valve 25 in the interface unit 20 corresponding to the P2 pressure measuring channel, and at the same time open the low pressure difference interval sensor P in the low pressure difference interval detection channel 32 in the pressure difference detection unit 30. l By closing the fifth solenoid valve 35 and the sixth solenoid valve 36 at both ends and closing other pressure solenoid valves, the gas pressure difference between the cathode gas inlet 111 of the collection bipolar plate 100 corresponding to the common channel of the first fuel cell unit cell1 and the tenth fuel cell unit cell10 can be measured. For example, the measured pressure difference is 15Pa.

[0081] Optionally, the pressure difference measurement interval of the high pressure difference interval sensor Ph can be 1 kPa-10 kPa, including the endpoint values; the pressure difference measurement interval of the low pressure difference interval sensor Pl is 0~1000 Pa, including the endpoint values.

[0082] It can be understood that since the gas pressure difference of different pressure measuring channels 10 may be measured, the interface unit 20 is provided to include a first connecting branch 22 and a second connecting branch 23, so that any pressure measuring channel 10 can be selectively connected to the first end of the pressure differential detection unit through the first connecting branch 22 of the interface unit 20, or connected to the second end of the pressure differential detection unit through the second connecting branch 23 of the interface unit 20, which is more flexible.

[0083] It can also be understood that the pressure difference detection unit 30 includes a high pressure difference interval detection channel 31 and a low pressure difference interval detection channel 32 connected in parallel, so that the pressure difference detection system 222 can have high and low pressure difference detection functions.

[0084] In practical applications, the high pressure difference interval sensor P h It can be a differential pressure sensor with one end fixed as a relatively high pressure input and the other end fixed as a relatively low pressure input, or it can be a differential pressure sensor with one end as a relatively high pressure input and the other end as a relatively low pressure input. l It can be a differential pressure sensor with one end fixed as a relatively high pressure input and the other end fixed as a relatively low pressure input, or it can be a differential pressure sensor with either end as a relatively high pressure input and either end as a relatively low pressure input.

[0085] Based on any of the above embodiments, optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 A structural block diagram of the gas collection system in the fuel cell stack common channel parameter detection system provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown. It can be seen that the gas collection system 223 includes multiple gas collection and collection channels 40, and the gas collection and collection channels 40 are connected to the external collection channels 221 one by one. A gas collection solenoid valve 41 is provided on each gas collection and collection channel 40.

[0086] In this embodiment, the gas collection system 223 further includes:

[0087] A water vapor separation device 50 is connected to each gas collection channel 40, and the water vapor separation device 50 is used to separate water vapor from the gas collected by the gas collection channel 40;

[0088] A gas storage device 60 connected to the water vapor separation device 50 via a collection switch 51, the gas storage device 60 is used to collect and store the gas after water vapor separation by the water vapor separation device 50;

[0089] And a gas detection device 70, which is used to detect the concentration and / or humidity of the gas collected and stored in the gas storage device 60.

[0090] For example, among the multiple external collection channels 221, the H1 external collection channel is an external collection channel for the common channel corresponding to the cathode gas outlet 112 of the collection bipolar plate 100 of the first fuel cell unit cell1, and the H2 external collection channel is an external collection channel for the common channel corresponding to the cathode gas outlet 112 of the collection bipolar plate 100 of the tenth fuel cell unit cell10. In order to detect the concentration and / or humidity of the cathode gas of the common channel corresponding to the cathode gas outlet 112 of the collection bipolar plate 100 of the first fuel cell unit cell1, part of the cathode gas of the cathode gas outlet 112 of the collection bipolar plate 100 of the first fuel cell unit cell1 is collected through the collection channel 102 and the H1 external collection channel, and the gas collection solenoid valve 41 on the corresponding gas collection channel 40 is opened to actively extract part of the cathode gas, and the water vapor separation device 50 is used to separate the water vapor from the extracted cathode gas, and the collection switch 51 is opened to collect the gas after water vapor separation into the gas storage device 60, and then the gas detection device 70 is used to measure the oxygen concentration, etc. Similarly, the concentration and / or humidity of the cathode gas in the common channel corresponding to the cathode gas outlet 112 of the other bipolar plate 100 can be detected.

[0091] Optionally, the gas storage device 60 can store 1 ml to 10 ml of gas.

[0092] In practical applications, such as Figure 1 As shown, the external collection channel 221 can be connected to both the pressure measuring channel 10 and the gas collection channel 40 through a three-way valve.

[0093] Based on any of the above embodiments, optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the fuel cell stack common channel parameter detection system provided in the embodiments of the present application may also include a controller 224. The controller 224 can obtain and process the measured temperature recorded by the temperature detection processor 212, the gas pressure difference detected by the pressure difference detection system 222, and the gas parameters detected by the gas collection system 223, and can also control the opening and closing of each valve.

[0094] It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are mainly described by setting the collection channel 102 for collecting the cathode gas inlet and outlet and the anode gas inlet and outlet of the bipolar plate 100. It can be understood that the collection channel 102 can also be set for the coolant inlet and outlet of the bipolar plate 100 to collect part of the coolant at different positions of the coolant common channel in the fuel cell stack for parameter detection. The collection and detection of gas can be referred to the above-mentioned embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0095] The various parts in this manual are described in a combination of parallel and progressive manners. Each part focuses on the differences from other parts, and the same or similar parts between the various parts can be referenced to each other.

[0096] With respect to the above description of the disclosed embodiments, the features described in the various embodiments in this specification may be interchanged or combined with one another to enable those skilled in the art to implement or use the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is intended to conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A fuel cell stack common channel parameter detection system, characterized in that: include: n collection bipolar plates, each of which is provided as a bipolar plate for n fuel cell units in a fuel cell stack, the collection bipolar plates comprising a plurality of groups of fluid inlets and outlets, each group of fluid inlets and outlets comprising a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet, the fluid inlet being in communication with a common channel for the flow of corresponding fluids in the fuel cell stack, and the fluid outlet being in communication with a common channel for the discharge of corresponding fluids in the fuel cell stack, where n ≥ 1; The collection bipolar plate further includes a temperature measurement channel and / or a collection channel; the temperature measurement channel is embedded with a temperature sensor, the temperature measurement channel extends into the fluid inlet for measuring the temperature at the fluid inlet, or the temperature measurement channel extends into the fluid outlet for measuring the temperature at the fluid outlet; the collection channel extends into the fluid inlet for collecting part of the fluid at the fluid inlet, or the collection channel extends into the fluid outlet for collecting part of the fluid at the fluid outlet; A channel parameter acquisition system, the channel parameter acquisition system includes a temperature detection system and / or a fluid detection system; the temperature detection system is connected to the temperature measurement channel and is used to obtain and monitor the temperature measured by the temperature measurement channel; the fluid detection system is connected to the acquisition channel and is used to detect the parameters of the fluid collected by the acquisition channel.

2. The fuel cell stack common channel parameter detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collection bipolar plate includes an anode surface and a cathode surface that are arranged opposite to each other, and a side surface located between the anode surface and the cathode surface. The temperature measurement channel is led out from the side surface of the collection bipolar plate, and the collection channel is led out from the side surface of the collection bipolar plate.

3. The fuel cell stack common channel parameter detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature detection system includes an external temperature measurement channel and a temperature detection processor. The external temperature measurement channel is connected to the temperature measurement channel in a one-to-one correspondence. The temperature detection processor obtains the temperature measured by the temperature measurement channel through the external temperature measurement channel.

4. The fuel cell stack common channel parameter detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multiple groups of fluid inlets and outlets in the collection bipolar plate include a cathode gas inlet and outlet group, an anode gas inlet and outlet group, and a coolant inlet and outlet group, the cathode gas inlet and outlet group includes a cathode gas inlet and a cathode gas outlet, the anode gas inlet and outlet group includes an anode gas inlet and an anode gas outlet, and the coolant inlet and outlet group includes a coolant inlet and a coolant outlet; at least one of the cathode gas inlet, the cathode gas outlet, the anode gas inlet, and the anode gas outlet is provided with the collection channel; The fluid detection system includes an external collection channel, a pressure differential detection system and a gas collection system; the external collection channel is connected to the collection channel in a one-to-one correspondence, the external collection channel is connected to the pressure differential detection system, and is connected to the gas collection system; The pressure differential detection system is used to detect the gas pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the same type of gas of the collection bipolar plate of the corresponding fuel cell unit, or the gas pressure difference between the inlet of the same type of gas of the collection bipolar plate of the corresponding two fuel cell units, or the gas pressure difference between the outlet of the same type of gas of the collection bipolar plate of the corresponding two fuel cell units based on the gas collected by any two of the external collection channels; The gas collection system is used to detect the parameters of the gas at the corresponding gas inlet or outlet of the collection bipolar plate of the corresponding fuel cell unit based on the gas collected by any of the external collection channels.

5. The fuel cell stack common channel parameter detection system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The differential pressure detection system includes a plurality of pressure measurement channels, a plurality of interface units and a differential pressure detection unit; The pressure measuring channels are in one-to-one communication with the external acquisition channels, and the pressure measuring channels are in one-to-one communication with the interface units; The pressure measuring channel can be selectively connected to the first end or the second end of the pressure difference detection unit through the corresponding interface unit, and the pressure difference detection unit is used to detect the gas pressure difference between the first end and the second end of the pressure difference detection unit.

6. The fuel cell stack common channel parameter detection system according to claim 5, characterized in that: Each of the pressure measuring channels is provided with a pressure measuring channel electromagnetic valve.

7. The fuel cell stack common channel parameter detection system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The interface unit includes a three-way valve, a first communication branch and a second communication branch, wherein the first communication branch is provided with a first solenoid valve, and the second communication branch is provided with a second solenoid valve; The first end of the three-way valve is connected to the pressure measuring channel, the second end of the three-way valve is connected to the first end of the first connecting branch, the second end of the first connecting branch is connected to the first end of the pressure differential detection unit, the third end of the three-way valve is connected to the first end of the second connecting branch, and the second end of the second connecting branch is connected to the second end of the pressure differential detection unit.

8. The fuel cell stack common channel parameter detection system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pressure difference detection unit includes a high pressure difference interval detection channel and a low pressure difference interval detection channel connected in parallel; The high pressure difference interval detection channel includes a high pressure difference interval sensor and a third solenoid valve and a fourth solenoid valve located at both ends of the high pressure difference interval sensor; The low pressure difference interval detection channel includes a low pressure difference interval sensor and a fifth solenoid valve and a sixth solenoid valve located at both ends of the low pressure difference interval sensor.

9. The fuel cell stack common channel parameter detection system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The gas collection system includes a plurality of gas collection channels, each of which is connected to the external collection channel in a one-to-one correspondence, and each of the gas collection channels is provided with a gas collection solenoid valve; The gas collection system further comprises: a water vapor separation device in communication with each of the gas collection and collection channels, the water vapor separation device being used to separate water vapor from the gas collected by the gas collection and collection channels; a gas storage device connected to the water vapor separation device via a collection switch, the gas storage device being used to collect and store the gas after water vapor separation by the water vapor separation device; and a gas detection device, which is used to detect the concentration and / or humidity of the gas collected and stored by the gas storage device.

10. The fuel cell stack common channel parameter detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The multiple groups of fluid inlets and outlets in the collection bipolar plate include a cathode gas inlet and outlet group, an anode gas inlet and outlet group, and a coolant inlet and outlet group. The cathode gas inlet and outlet group includes a cathode gas inlet and a cathode gas outlet. The anode gas inlet and outlet group includes an anode gas inlet and an anode gas outlet. The coolant inlet and outlet group includes a coolant inlet and a coolant outlet. The cathode gas inlet, the cathode gas outlet, the anode gas inlet, the anode gas outlet, the coolant inlet, and the coolant outlet are all provided with the temperature measurement channel and the collection channel.

11. The fuel cell stack common channel parameter detection system according to claim 10, characterized in that: The gas at the cathode gas inlet and the cathode gas outlet includes air or a mixed gas of oxygen and nitrogen; The gas in the anode gas inlet and the anode gas outlet includes a mixed gas of hydrogen and nitrogen.

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