Grid-connected control method and system of distributed photovoltaic power station

Abstract

The invention provides a grid-connected control method and system for a distributed photovoltaic power station. Comprising the steps of obtaining power consumption of a power device; obtaining the effective electric quantity of the photovoltaic power station; under the condition that the effective electric quantity is larger than the electricity consumption, the photovoltaic power station is used for supplying power to the electricity utilization device; and under the condition that the effective electric quantity is less than the power consumption, grid connection is carried out on the photovoltaic power station, and commercial power is utilized to supply power to the power utilization device. The effective electric quantity of the photovoltaic power station can be obtained, and the photovoltaic power station is used for supplying power to the power utilization device under the condition that the effective electric quantity is greater than the power consumption of the power utilization device, otherwise, the mains supply is used for supplying power to the power utilization device, so that the power supply equipment when the power utilization device works is single equipment; the power supply control complexity is reduced, the power supply stability is improved, and the power supply cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of distributed photovoltaic power generation, and in particular to a grid-connected control method and system for a distributed photovoltaic power station. Background Art

[0002] Photovoltaic power generation systems can be divided into off-grid and grid-connected systems. Grid-connected systems require 25% less investment than off-grid systems. Connecting photovoltaic power generation systems to the main grid in the form of microgrids, supporting the main grid, is a key technological solution for increasing the scale of photovoltaic power generation. Grid-connected photovoltaic power generation systems are also a major direction of future technological development, expanding the scope and flexibility of solar energy use. Grid-connected photovoltaic power generation involves converting the direct current (DC) generated by solar panels into AC (AC) that meets the requirements of the utility grid through a grid-connected inverter, which is then directly connected to the public grid.

[0003] A large number of distributed photovoltaic power stations have been installed in factories, commercial users, and homes, providing power to their electrical equipment. Typically, these stations first power the corresponding factories, commercial users, and homes. When power is insufficient, the mains electricity supply then simultaneously supplies the corresponding factories, commercial users, and homes. This forces the same electrical device to receive power from two power supply devices simultaneously, complicating power supply control and causing instability. This can also increase power costs and hinder energy conservation and emission reduction. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present invention is proposed to provide a grid-connected control method and system for distributed photovoltaic power stations that overcome the above problems or at least partially solve the above problems, and can solve the problems of complex power supply control and unstable power supply.

[0005] Specifically, the present invention provides a grid-connected control method for a distributed photovoltaic power station, which includes:

[0006] Obtaining the power consumption of electrical devices;

[0007] Obtaining effective power of the photovoltaic power station;

[0008] When the effective power is greater than the power consumption, the photovoltaic power station is used to supply power to the power-consuming device;

[0009] When the effective power is less than the power consumption, the photovoltaic power station is connected to the grid, and the power-consuming device is supplied with power by the mains electricity.

[0010] Optionally, the step of obtaining the effective amount of electricity of the photovoltaic power station includes:

[0011] Obtaining the power generation of the photovoltaic power station and the power consumption of the photovoltaic power station;

[0012] Obtaining the storage capacity and basic capacity of the backup battery of the photovoltaic power station;

[0013] The effective power is obtained according to the difference between the power generation and the power consumption, the power storage and the basic power.

[0014] Optionally, it also includes:

[0015] When the difference between the power generation and the power consumption is greater than the power consumption, charging the backup battery by using the photovoltaic power station;

[0016] When the backup battery is in a fully charged state, charging the grid-connected battery;

[0017] The electric energy in the grid-connected battery is connected to the grid.

[0018] Optionally, the photovoltaic power station has a first heat dissipation device, a second heat dissipation device and a third heat dissipation device, the first heat dissipation device is used to dissipate heat in a first area of ​​the photovoltaic panel, the second heat dissipation device is used to dissipate heat in a second area of ​​the photovoltaic panel, and the third heat dissipation device is used to dissipate heat in a third area of ​​the photovoltaic panel;

[0019] The grid connection control method further includes:

[0020] Obtain a first power generation of the first area, a second power generation of the second area, and a third power generation of the third area, as well as a first power consumption of the first heat dissipation device, a second power consumption of the second heat dissipation device, and a third power consumption of the third heat dissipation device; the power generation is equal to the sum of the first power generation, the second power generation, and the third power generation, and the power consumption is equal to the sum of the first power consumption, the second power consumption, and the third power consumption.

[0021] Optionally, it also includes:

[0022] Acquiring an ambient temperature, and determining initial heat dissipation capacities of the first heat dissipation device, the second heat dissipation device, and the third heat dissipation device according to the ambient temperature;

[0023] enabling the first heat dissipation device, the second heat dissipation device, and the third heat dissipation device to dissipate heat according to the initial heat dissipation capacity;

[0024] gradually increasing the heat dissipation capacity of the first heat dissipation device within a preset time period, obtaining a difference between the first power generation and the first power consumption, and obtaining a plurality of first differences;

[0025] gradually reducing the heat dissipation capacity of the second heat dissipation device within a preset time period, obtaining a difference between the second power generation and the second power consumption, and obtaining a plurality of second differences;

[0026] Obtaining a maximum difference between the first difference and the second difference;

[0027] The first heat dissipation device, the second heat dissipation device, and the third heat dissipation device are enabled to dissipate heat according to the heat dissipation capacity corresponding to the maximum difference.

[0028] Optionally, obtaining the effective power according to the difference between the power generation and the power consumption, the power storage and the basic power includes:

[0029] Obtaining a difference between the power generation and the power consumption, and obtaining a difference between the power storage and the basic power;

[0030] When the difference between the power generation and the power consumption is less than the power consumption, the effective power is the difference between the power generation and the power consumption;

[0031] After the difference between the power generation and the power consumption is greater than the power consumption, the effective power is the sum of the difference between the power generation and the power consumption and the difference between the power storage and the basic power;

[0032] When the effective power amount is less than the power consumption, the effective power amount is the difference between the power generation amount and the power consumption amount.

[0033] The present invention also provides a grid-connected system for a distributed photovoltaic power station, which includes a photovoltaic power station, mains electricity, power-consuming devices, a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory. The processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of any of the above-mentioned grid-connected control methods.

[0034] Optionally, the photovoltaic power station includes:

[0035] a photovoltaic panel configured to generate electrical energy when receiving sunlight;

[0036] a first heat dissipation device, disposed on the photovoltaic panel to dissipate heat from a first area on the photovoltaic panel;

[0037] a second heat dissipation device, disposed on the photovoltaic panel to dissipate heat from a second area on the photovoltaic panel;

[0038] The third heat dissipation device is arranged on the photovoltaic panel to dissipate heat from a third area on the photovoltaic panel.

[0039] Optionally, the areas of the first region and the second region are equal, and the ratio of the area of ​​the first region to the area of ​​the photovoltaic panel is 3% to 6%.

[0040] Optionally, it also includes:

[0041] a backup battery, the backup battery being electrically connected to the photovoltaic panel; the backup battery being configured to supply power to the first heat dissipation device, the second heat dissipation device, and the third heat dissipation device;

[0042] A grid-connected battery is electrically connected to the backup battery or the photovoltaic panel.

[0043] In the grid-connected control method and system of the distributed photovoltaic power station of the present invention, since the effective power of the photovoltaic power station can be obtained, when the effective power is greater than the power consumption of the power-consuming device, the photovoltaic power station is used to power the power-consuming device. Otherwise, the mains power is used to power the power-consuming device, so that the power supply device when the power-consuming device is working is a single device, preventing the use of two power supply devices for power supply at the same time, reducing the complexity of power supply control, improving the stability of power supply, and reducing power supply costs.

[0044] Based on the following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art will become more aware of the above and other objects, advantages and features of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] Hereinafter, some specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail in an illustrative and non-limiting manner with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals in the accompanying drawings indicate the same or similar components or parts. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. In the accompanying drawings:

[0046] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a distributed photovoltaic power station grid-connected system according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic power station in a distributed photovoltaic power station grid-connected system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic module in a distributed photovoltaic power station grid-connected system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A schematic partial structural diagram of the photovoltaic module shown;

[0050] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 Another schematic partial structural diagram of the photovoltaic module shown;

[0051] Figure 6 yes Figure 3 Another schematic partial structural diagram of the photovoltaic module shown;

[0052] Figure 7 yes Figure 3 Another schematic partial structural diagram of the photovoltaic module shown;

[0053] Figure 8 yes Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a first hoisting device in the photovoltaic module shown;

[0054] Figure 9 yes Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of the second hoisting device and the detachable structure in the photovoltaic module shown;

[0055] Figure 10 yes Figure 3 A schematic structural coordination diagram of the second hoisting device and the detachable structure in the photovoltaic module shown;

[0056] Figure 11 The figure is a schematic flow chart of a method for controlling grid connection of a distributed photovoltaic power station according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] Refer to the following Figures 1 to 11 To describe the grid-connected control method and system of a distributed photovoltaic power station in an embodiment of the present invention. In the description of this embodiment, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features, that is, include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "multiple" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined. When a feature "includes or contains" one or some of the features it covers, unless otherwise specifically described, this indicates that other features are not excluded and may further include other features.

[0058] Unless otherwise expressly defined or limited, terms such as "disposed," "installed," "connected," "connected," "fixed," and "coupled" should be broadly interpreted. For example, they may refer to fixed or detachable connections, or integration; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two elements or interaction between two elements, unless otherwise expressly defined. A person of ordinary skill in the art should be able to understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0059] In addition, in the description of this embodiment, the first feature being "above" or "below" the second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact via another feature between them. That is, in the description of this embodiment, the first feature being "above," "above," and "above" the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "below," "below," or "below" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0060] In the description of the present embodiment, reference to the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the exemplary expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0061] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a distributed photovoltaic power station grid-connected system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, and reference Figures 2 to 10 An embodiment of the present invention provides a grid-connected system for a distributed photovoltaic power station, including a photovoltaic power station 100, a utility power supply 300, and a power consumption device 200. Both the photovoltaic power station 100 and the utility power supply 300 supply power to the power consumption device 200. When the effective power of the photovoltaic power station 100 exceeds the power consumption of the power consumption device 200, the utility power supply 300 is not used to supply power to the power supply device. When the effective power of the distributed photovoltaic power station 100 is lower than the power consumption of the power consumption device 200, the utility power supply 300 is used to supply power to the power consumption device 200.

[0062] In the grid-connected system of the distributed photovoltaic power station 100 of the present invention, since the effective power of the photovoltaic power station 100 can be obtained, when the effective power is greater than the power consumption of the power-consuming device 200, the photovoltaic power station 100 is used to power the power-consuming device 200. Otherwise, the mains power 300 is used to power the power-consuming device 200. This makes it possible for the power supply device 200 to be powered by a single device when working, preventing the use of two power supply devices for power supply at the same time, reducing the complexity of power supply control, improving the stability of power supply, and reducing power supply costs.

[0063] In some embodiments of the present invention, a photovoltaic power station 100 includes photovoltaic panels and a support frame. The photovoltaic panels are mounted on the support frame and are configured to generate electricity from sunlight. To further improve the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic power station 100, especially during high temperatures in summer, a heat sink is installed on the underside of the photovoltaic panels to reduce the temperature at the location of the panels and increase power generation.

[0064] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, photovoltaic power station 100 has a modular structure. Specifically, the photovoltaic panel includes multiple photovoltaic sub-panels 40, the support frame includes multiple support sub-frames, and the heat dissipation device includes multiple heat dissipation units 60. One photovoltaic sub-panel 40, one support sub-frame, and one heat dissipation unit 60 constitute a photovoltaic module 110. Multiple photovoltaic modules 110 form the photovoltaic power station 100. This modular structure allows for rapid manufacturing and installation of photovoltaic power station 100, reducing costs and facilitating maintenance and replacement.

[0065] In some embodiments of the present invention, at least one heat dissipation unit 60 constitutes a first heat dissipation device, and the corresponding photovoltaic sub-panel 40 constitutes a first area on the photovoltaic panel. At least one heat dissipation unit 60 constitutes a second heat dissipation device, and the corresponding photovoltaic sub-panel 40 constitutes a second area on the photovoltaic panel. The remaining heat dissipation units 60 constitute a third heat dissipation device, and the corresponding photovoltaic sub-panels 40 constitute a third area on the photovoltaic panel. In other words, the heat dissipation device includes a first heat dissipation device, a second heat dissipation device, and a third heat dissipation device. The first heat dissipation device is arranged on the photovoltaic panel to dissipate heat from the first area on the photovoltaic panel; the second heat dissipation device is arranged on the photovoltaic panel to dissipate heat from the second area on the photovoltaic panel; and the third heat dissipation device is arranged on the photovoltaic panel to dissipate heat from the third area on the photovoltaic panel. In the embodiments of the present invention, the heat dissipation capacity of the third heat dissipation device is controlled by changing the heat dissipation capacity of the first heat dissipation device and the second heat dissipation device, thereby increasing the effective power of the entire photovoltaic power station 100.

[0066] In some embodiments of the present invention, the first and second regions are equal in area, with the ratio of the first region to the photovoltaic panel area being 3% to 6%. The first and second regions are used to select the heat dissipation capacity of the heat sink when the effective power is maximized. The third region is primarily used for power generation. This arrangement achieves maximum effective power regulation without relying on traditional experience or historical data, thereby maximizing power generation.

[0067] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figures 3 to 7As shown, each supporting sub-frame includes a supporting base 70 and a mounting frame 50. The mounting frame 50 is arranged at the upper end of the supporting base 70; the photovoltaic sub-panel 40 is mounted on the corresponding mounting frame 50. Each heat dissipation unit 60 is a heat dissipation fan, which is mounted on the mounting frame 50 and configured to blow air to the lower side of the photovoltaic sub-panel 40, and then the air flows out from the upper side of the photovoltaic sub-panel 40. The heat dissipation airflow moves from the lower side of the photovoltaic panel to the upper side of the photovoltaic panel, preventing the heat dissipation airflow from gathering on the lower side of the photovoltaic panel and ensuring a low temperature environment on the lower side of the photovoltaic panel. The heat dissipation airflow after the temperature rises can quickly diffuse in the air on the upper side of the photovoltaic panel, thereby improving the heat dissipation capacity.

[0068] like Figures 3 to 7 As shown, the mounting frame 50 has four strip-shaped blocks 51 and a deflector 52. The four strip-shaped blocks 51 are positioned on the outer sides of the photovoltaic sub-panel 40. A baffle 53 is positioned above the edge of the corresponding photovoltaic sub-panel 40 at the top of each strip-shaped block 51. The baffle 53 is positioned above the edge of the corresponding photovoltaic sub-panel 40. The deflector 52 is positioned below the photovoltaic sub-panel 40 and has an air inlet. A cooling fan is positioned at the air inlet. The cooling fan is bidirectionally rotatable. When rotating in a first direction, air enters from the air inlet between the deflector 52 and the photovoltaic sub-panel 40, dissipating heat from the underside of the photovoltaic sub-panel 40. The air then flows upward through the gap 41 between the strip-shaped block 51 and the edge of the photovoltaic sub-panel 40, where it is blocked by the corresponding baffle 53 and blown toward the upper surface of the photovoltaic sub-panel 40. This dissipates heat from the upper surface of the photovoltaic sub-panel 40 and removes impurities. This arrangement also prevents interference between the heat dissipation of the two photovoltaic sub-panels 40, ensuring the independent operation of each photovoltaic module 110. When the cooling fan rotates in a second direction, opposite to the first direction, it forces airflow from the upper surface of the photovoltaic sub-panel 40, through the gap 41, into the air guide 52 on the lower side of the photovoltaic sub-panel, and then out through the airflow inlet of the air guide 52. These two methods result in opposite airflow patterns.

[0069] Furthermore, a baffle 53 is located above the edge of the photovoltaic sub-panel 40, and a deflector 52 is provided on the underside of the photovoltaic sub-panel 40 to improve the windproof performance of the photovoltaic sub-panel 40 and prevent strong winds from directly affecting the underside of the photovoltaic sub-panel 40. By using two opposing airflows, during normal cooling, the cooling fan rotates in a first direction. During cleaning, the cooling fan rotates in the first direction for a preset period of time, then in the second direction for a preset period of time, thereby performing multi-directional cleaning of stubborn impurities on the surface of the photovoltaic sub-panel, ensuring cleaning efficiency.

[0070] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 3 、 Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, the four bar-shaped blocks 51 are connected to a first lifting device 511, which is used to lift and move the entire photovoltaic module 110. The mounting frame 50 is detachably connected to the support base 70. This allows for lifting only the entire photovoltaic module 110, or only a portion of the photovoltaic module 110, as needed. Similarly, a second lifting device is provided on the upper side of each photovoltaic sub-panel 40 for lifting the photovoltaic sub-panel 40.

[0071] like Figure 3 、 Figure 8 、 Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the first hanging device 511 and the second hanging device both include a hanging column 81, a connecting block 82, a first wedge block 83, and a second wedge block 84. The connecting block 82 is arranged at one end of the hanging column 81, and the first wedge block 83 is arranged at the other end of the hanging column 81, with the small end of the first wedge block 83 facing away from the connecting block 82. The second wedge block 84 is movably arranged on the hanging column 81 and is located between the first wedge block 83 and the connecting block 82. The second wedge block 84 is symmetrically arranged with the first wedge block 83. The connecting block 82 of the first hanging device 511 is fixedly arranged on the bar-shaped block 51. The connecting block 82 of the second hanging device is fixedly or rotatably arranged on the photovoltaic sub-panel 40.

[0072] Specialized lifting equipment can be used for lifting. The lifting equipment has a connecting device, which includes a weight block 85 with a central through-hole. The walls of the central through-hole are provided with a telescopic member 86 and an elastic member 87 that forces the telescopic member 86 to extend. During lifting, the weight block 85 falls, the central through-hole aligns with the lifting column 81, and the first wedge block 83 forces the telescopic member 86 to retract. The telescopic member 86 moves to the bottom side of the first wedge block 83 and extends. The weight block 85 then rises, driving the hoisted part to move. When the connecting device needs to be disengaged, the gravity block 85 continues to descend under the action of its own gravity, and the telescopic member 86 contracts under the action of the inclined surface on its lower side and the second wedge block 84, and moves to below the middle of the second wedge block 84. Then the gravity block 85 rises, driving the second wedge block 84 to rise. After the second wedge block 84 contacts the first wedge block 83, the gravity block 85 continues to rise. Under the action of the second wedge block 84, the telescopic member 86 contracts, and then passes over the second wedge block 84 and moves to the upper side of the first wedge block 83, disengaging from the first wedge block 83, thereby achieving disengagement.

[0073] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 9 、 Figure 10As shown, to facilitate removal and replacement of the photovoltaic sub-panel 40, a baffle 53 is rotatably mounted above the strip-shaped block 51. The photovoltaic sub-panel 40 is mounted on the mounting frame 50 via a removable structure. During removal, the baffle 53 is first flipped over to prevent obstruction to the removal and movement of the photovoltaic sub-panel 40. This allows for quick installation and replacement of the photovoltaic sub-panel 40.

[0074] In some embodiments of the present invention, the detachable structure includes an elastic clip and a fixing member. The elastic clip includes a mounting plate 78 provided on the mounting frame 50 and a plurality of clamping arms 79 connected to the mounting plate 78. A through hole is provided in the center of the mounting plate 78; the plurality of clamping arms 79 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the mounting plate 78. The fixing member includes a plug post 77. The plug post 77 is used to pass through the through hole of the mounting plate 78. The lower end of the plug post is provided with a plurality of stop notches, which are evenly distributed along the circumference of the plug post 77. The free end of each clamping arm 79 is inserted into the bottom of the stop notch. The plug post 77 can be fixedly connected to the connecting block 82 of the second lifting device and is coaxially arranged with the lifting column 81 of the second lifting device. The connecting block 82 of the second lifting device is rotatably mounted on the photovoltaic sub-panel 40. A drive post 88 is provided on the small end of the first wedge block 83 of the second lifting device. The cross-section of the drive post 88 is square. The drive column 88 rotates, driving the hoisting column 81 and the insertion column 77 to rotate, thereby misaligning the stop notch with the clamping arm 79. During installation, the photovoltaic sub-panel 40 and the insertion column 77 move downward simultaneously. After insertion through the hole, the clamping arm 79 opens. After the stop notch moves to the underside of the clamping arm 79, the clamping arm 79 contracts, and the lower end of the clamping arm 79 is located in the stop notch, achieving a tight connection. When disassembly is required, the drive column 88 is rotated to misalign the stop notch with the clamping arm 79, unblocking the insertion column 77 and allowing the insertion column 77 to be disengaged from the mounting bracket 50. This arrangement facilitates disassembly and installation, and ensures a secure installation.

[0075] Furthermore, a torsion spring is provided between the baffle 53 and the strip-shaped block 51, and the torsion spring causes the baffle 53 to flip to a vertical state. A clearance hole is provided on the baffle 53, and a buckle 531 is provided on the lower side of the clearance hole. The buckle 531 is clamped to the lower side of the first wedge block 83. A clearance groove 831 is provided on the first wedge block 83. When the driving column 88 causes the hanging column 81 and the plug column 77 to rotate, the buckle 531 moves to the position of the clearance groove 831, and the baffle 53 automatically flips to a vertical state under the action of the torsion spring. The clearance hole on the baffle 53 is used for inserting a tool into the driving column 88, which then drives the driving column 88 to rotate.

[0076] In some embodiments of the present invention, the photovoltaic panel is movably mounted on the support frame to change the inclination angle according to the direction of light, thereby receiving more sunlight. Specifically, the mounting frame 50 is movably mounted on the upper end of the support base 70.

[0077] like Figures 3 to 7As shown, the upper end of the mounting bracket 50 is rotatably mounted on the upper end of the support base 70 about a horizontal axis; the mounting bracket 50 is provided with two threaded rods 54 and a guide shaft 55. The two threaded rods 54 are arranged in parallel and are rotatably mounted on the mounting bracket 50; the two threaded rods 54 are parallel to the output shaft of the heat dissipation fan. Sliders 56 are threadedly connected to the two threaded rods 54, and the slides 56 are movably mounted on the guide shaft 55. Two connecting rods 57 are arranged between each slide 56 and the support base 70. The two connecting rods 57 are arranged in parallel, and one end of each connecting rod 57 is rotatably connected to a slide 56, and the other end is rotatably connected to the support base 70. By providing the slider 56 and threaded rod 54 mechanism, when the threaded rod 54 is not rotating, the mounting bracket 50 can be securely and stably mounted on the support base 70.

[0078] A first clutch mechanism and two chain drive mechanisms are provided between the output shaft of the heat dissipation fan and the two threaded rods 54. The first clutch mechanism causes the output shaft and the driving sprocket 58 of the chain drive mechanism to rotate synchronously or separate. The driven sprockets 59 of the two chain drive mechanisms are respectively provided on the two threaded rods 54. The first clutch mechanism may include an electromagnet, a movable wheel 62, and a movable shaft. A connecting frame 63 is provided between the two guide shafts 55. The driving sprocket 58 is rotatably mounted on the side of the connecting frame 63 facing away from the heat dissipation fan. The electromagnet is mounted on the movable wheel 62, which is transmission-connected to the driving sprocket 58 via the movable shaft. The movable wheel 62 is located on the side of the connecting frame 63 facing the heat dissipation fan. The electromagnet operates, generating suction. A magnetic attraction member is provided on the output shaft 61 of the heat dissipation fan, prompting the movable wheel 62 and the movable shaft to move toward the output shaft of the heat dissipation fan, so that the end face of the output shaft 61 of the heat dissipation fan and the movable wheel 62 are in contact. The movable wheel 62 is provided with a protrusion, and the end face of the output shaft 61 of the heat dissipation fan is provided with a groove. The protrusion is inserted into the groove. The output shaft 61 drives the movable wheel 62 to rotate. The movable wheel 62 drives the driving sprocket 58 to rotate via the movable shaft. The movable shaft is fixedly connected to the movable wheel 62, and the movable shaft rotates synchronously with the driving sprocket 58 and is relatively movable along the axial direction of the driving sprocket 58. A spring is provided between the movable wheel 62 and the connecting frame 63. The spring is used to drive the movable wheel 62 to disengage from the output shaft 61 of the heat dissipation fan. When the electromagnet loses power, the movable wheel 62 disengages from the output shaft 61 of the heat dissipation fan under the elastic force of the spring.

[0079] In some embodiments of the present invention, two arc-shaped slideways 71 are provided at the upper end of the support seat 70 , and two arc-shaped slide plates 75 are connected to the mounting frame 50 . The two arc-shaped slide plates 75 are respectively provided in the two arc-shaped slideways 71 .

[0080] In some embodiments of the present invention, the photovoltaic sub-panel 40 does not rotate around the vertical axis. Of course, in order to further improve the maximum degree of coordination between the photovoltaic sub-panel 40 and the sunlight, in other embodiments of the present invention, the support base 70 includes an upper support and a lower support, and the mounting frame 50 and the arc-shaped slide 71 are arranged on the upper support. The upper support is rotatably mounted on the lower support around the vertical axis. Furthermore, for example, a turbine and an arc-shaped slide are provided at the upper end of the lower support, and the axis of the arc-shaped slide coincides with the rotation axis of the upper support; a rotating frame is installed on the arc-shaped slide, and a worm is rotatably mounted on the rotating frame; the worm is engaged with the turbine. The rotating frame is fixedly connected to the upper support.

[0081] A first bevel gear is mounted on one end of the worm gear. The cooling fan's output shaft 61 is connected to a second bevel gear, which pitches with the mounting bracket 50. When the cooling fan's output shaft rotates in a first direction, the second bevel gear pitches downward with the mounting bracket 50. When the cooling fan's output shaft reaches its lowest position, the electromagnet in the first clutch mechanism loses power, connecting the cooling fan's output shaft 61 to the worm gear. The second bevel gear then meshes with the first bevel gear, driving the upper support to rotate. When the photovoltaic sub-panel 40 rotates to the corresponding position about its vertical axis, the electromagnet in the first clutch mechanism becomes energized, causing the cooling fan's output shaft to rotate in a second direction. The second bevel gear pitches upward with the mounting bracket 50, disengaging from the first bevel gear.

[0082] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, the grid-connected system of the distributed photovoltaic power station 100 also includes a backup battery 120 and a grid-connected battery 130. Backup battery 120 is electrically connected to the photovoltaic panels and is configured to supply power to the first, second, and third heat sinks. Backup battery 120 also supplements power for the power consumption device 200. Grid-connected battery 130 is electrically connected to either backup battery 120 or the photovoltaic panels. Grid-connected battery 130 is primarily used to connect excess power to the grid when supplying power to the power consumption device 200, preventing power waste due to insufficient grid-connected power.

[0083] Figure 11 FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a distributed photovoltaic power station grid-connected control method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 11 As shown, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a grid-connected control method for a distributed photovoltaic power station 100, comprising:

[0084] Step S910, obtaining the power consumption of the power-consuming device 200;

[0085] Step S920, obtaining the effective power of the photovoltaic power station 100;

[0086] Step S930: When the available power is greater than the consumed power, the photovoltaic power station 100 is used to supply power to the power-consuming device 200;

[0087] Step S940 : When the effective power is less than the power consumption, the photovoltaic power station 100 is connected to the grid, and the utility power 300 is used to supply power to the power-consuming device 200 .

[0088] In the grid-connected control method of the distributed photovoltaic power station 100 in the embodiment of the present invention, since the effective power of the photovoltaic power station 100 can be obtained, when the effective power is greater than the power consumption of the power-consuming device 200, the photovoltaic power station 100 is used to power the power-consuming device 200. Otherwise, the mains power 300 is used to power the power-consuming device 200. This ensures that the power supply device of the power-consuming device 200 is a single device when it is working, preventing the use of two power supply devices for power supply at the same time, reducing the complexity of power supply control, improving the stability of power supply, and reducing power supply costs.

[0089] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present invention, the grid-connected control method of the distributed photovoltaic power station 100 further includes:

[0090] When the difference between the power generation and the power consumption is greater than the power consumption, the backup battery 120 is charged by the photovoltaic power station 100;

[0091] When the backup battery 120 is fully charged, the grid-connected battery 130 is charged;

[0092] The electric energy in the grid-connected battery 130 is connected to the grid.

[0093] This arrangement allows the excess power to be connected to the grid when supplying power to the electrical device 200, thereby preventing the problem of being unable to connect to the grid due to insufficient grid-connected power and wasting power.

[0094] In some embodiments of the present invention, the step of obtaining the effective amount of electricity of the photovoltaic power station 100 includes:

[0095] Obtaining the power generation of the photovoltaic power station 100 and obtaining the power consumption of the photovoltaic power station 100;

[0096] Obtaining the storage capacity and basic capacity of the backup battery 120 of the photovoltaic power station 100;

[0097] The effective power is obtained based on the difference between power generation and power consumption, as well as the storage power and basic power.

[0098] Among them, obtaining the power consumption of the photovoltaic power station 100 can specifically be: obtaining a first power generation of the first area, a second power generation of the second area, and a third power generation of the third area, as well as obtaining a first power consumption of the first heat dissipation device, a second power consumption of the second heat dissipation device, and a third power consumption of the third heat dissipation device; the power generation is equal to the sum of the first power generation, the second power generation, and the third power generation, and the power consumption is equal to the sum of the first power consumption, the second power consumption, and the third power consumption.

[0099] In some embodiments of the present invention, the grid-connected control method of the distributed photovoltaic power station 100 further includes:

[0100] The ambient temperature is obtained, and the initial heat dissipation capacity of the first heat dissipation device, the second heat dissipation device, and the third heat dissipation device is determined based on the ambient temperature. A relationship table between the ambient temperature and the initial heat dissipation capacity can be pre-set in the grid-connected system of the distributed photovoltaic power station 100 and directly called when in use.

[0101] The first heat dissipation device, the second heat dissipation device and the third heat dissipation device are enabled to dissipate heat according to their initial heat dissipation capacities.

[0102] The heat dissipation capacity of the first heat dissipation device is gradually increased within a preset time period, and the difference between the first power generation and the first power consumption is obtained to obtain multiple first differences; the preset time period may be 5 minutes.

[0103] The heat dissipation capacity of the second heat dissipation device is gradually reduced within a preset time period, and the difference between the second power generation and the second power consumption is obtained to obtain multiple second differences; the preset time period may be 5 minutes.

[0104] Obtain the maximum difference between the first difference and the second difference;

[0105] The first heat sink, the second heat sink, and the third heat sink are configured to dissipate heat according to the heat dissipation capacity corresponding to the maximum difference. The step of immediately returning to the step of gradually increasing the heat dissipation capacity of the first heat sink within a preset time period and gradually decreasing the heat dissipation capacity of the second heat sink within a preset time period is performed.

[0106] In this embodiment of the present invention, the first and second heat sinks achieve optimal heat dissipation capabilities within a preset time period, and the third heat sink maintains the maximum available power according to the previously determined optimal heat dissipation capabilities. When the first and second heat sinks again determine the optimal heat dissipation capabilities, the heat dissipation capabilities of the third heat sink are adjusted again. This arrangement enables real-time adjustment, maximizing available power without relying on traditional experience or historical data, and ultimately maximizing available power.

[0107] In some alternative embodiments of the present invention, after a preset time period, the process returns to the step of gradually increasing the heat dissipation capacity of the first heat dissipation device within a preset time period, and gradually decreasing the heat dissipation capacity of the second heat dissipation device within a preset time period. The preset time period can be 30 minutes or 60 minutes. This configuration can reduce the frequency of adjustments.

[0108] In some embodiments of the present invention, since there are multiple photovoltaic modules 110, the grid-connected control method of the distributed photovoltaic power station 100 further includes:

[0109] In accordance with a preset order, each heat dissipation unit 60 constitutes a first heat dissipation device, and each heat dissipation unit 60 constitutes a second heat dissipation device. That is, each heat dissipation unit 60 is used to obtain the best heat dissipation capacity in some time periods, and is used to generate electricity in other time periods. Rotation can prevent the heat dissipation unit 60 from being used only to obtain the best heat dissipation capacity, which is prone to malfunction due to frequent changes in heat dissipation capacity. At the same time, the modular heat dissipation setting minimizes the impact between the two heat dissipation units 60, achieves independent heat dissipation, and prevents the mutual influence of heat dissipation from causing inaccurate acquisition of the best heat dissipation capacity. Furthermore, the heat dissipation airflow moves from the lower side of the photovoltaic panel to the upper side of the photovoltaic panel, preventing the heat dissipation airflow from gathering on the lower side of the photovoltaic panel, thereby ensuring a low temperature environment on the lower side of the photovoltaic panel. The heat dissipation airflow after the temperature rises can quickly diffuse in the air on the upper side of the photovoltaic panel, thereby improving the heat dissipation capacity.

[0110] In some embodiments of the present invention, the effective power is obtained based on the difference between the power generation and the power consumption, as well as the power storage and the basic power, including:

[0111] Obtain the difference between power generation and power consumption, as well as the difference between power storage and basic power; basic power is the basic power used for equipment operation to ensure equipment operation and prevent the equipment from being completely exhausted.

[0112] When the difference between power generation and power consumption is less than the power consumption, the effective power is the difference between power generation and power consumption;

[0113] When the difference between power generation and power consumption is greater than power consumption, the effective power is the sum of the difference between power generation and power consumption and the difference between power storage and basic power;

[0114] After the effective power is less than the power consumption again, the effective power is the difference between the power generation and the power consumption.

[0115] That is, in this embodiment of the present invention, when a new day arrives, the effective power is first determined based on the difference between power generation and power consumption. In other words, the power consumption device 200 must be able to operate without using the stored power of the backup battery 120 to prevent unstable power supply to the power consumption device 200 after the stored power is added. When the difference between power generation and power consumption is greater than the power consumption of the power consumption device 200, it indicates that the power generation capacity of the photovoltaic power station 100 is sufficient. Reusing part of the power of the backup battery 120 to supply power can ensure the stable operation of the power consumption device 200. When the effective power is insufficient, it indicates that the power generation capacity of the photovoltaic power station 100 is insufficient. To prevent unstable operation of the power consumption device 200, the determination of the effective power is changed back to the difference between power generation and power consumption.

[0116] In some embodiments of the present invention, the third heat dissipation device corresponds to a plurality of photovoltaic modules 110, and the difference between the power generation and power consumption of each photovoltaic module 110 in the third area is a fourth difference, and the fourth difference is multiple. The grid-connected control method of the distributed photovoltaic power station 100 further includes:

[0117] Obtain the fourth difference value with the largest number among the plurality of fourth differences, and record it as the normal difference value;

[0118] Obtaining a fourth difference value whose deviation from a normal difference value exceeds 10% among the fourth differences, and recording it as an abnormal difference value;

[0119] Mark the photovoltaic module 110 corresponding to the abnormal difference;

[0120] When the number of consecutive markings of the photovoltaic module 110 exceeds a preset number, the photovoltaic module 110 is determined to be faulty. The embodiment of the present invention can also quickly and accurately determine whether the photovoltaic module 110 is faulty, thereby improving the safety and stability of the distributed photovoltaic power station 100.

[0121] In some embodiments of the present invention, the grid-connected system of the distributed photovoltaic power station 100 further includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the grid-connected control method of any of the above embodiments.

[0122] The computer program for performing the operation of the present invention can be an assembly instruction, an instruction set architecture (ISA) instruction, a machine instruction, a machine-dependent instruction, a microcode, a firmware instruction, a state setting data, a configuration data of an integrated circuit, or a source code or object code written in any combination of one or more programming languages ​​and procedural programming languages. The computer program can be executed entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, as an independent software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In the latter case, the remote computer can be connected to the user's computer via any type of network (including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or can be connected to an external computer. In some embodiments, to perform various aspects of the present invention, an electronic circuit including, for example, a programmable logic circuit, a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or a programmable logic array (PLA) can execute computer-readable program instructions by utilizing the state information of the computer-readable program instructions to personalize the electronic circuit.

[0123] For the purposes of the description of this embodiment, a memory is a tangible device capable of retaining and storing a computer program, which may be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transmit a program for use with an instruction execution system, device, or apparatus, or in conjunction with such instruction execution systems, devices, or apparatuses. More specific examples of memories (a non-exhaustive list) include the following: a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), a static random access memory (SRAM), a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), a digital versatile disc (DVD), a memory stick, a floppy disk, a mechanical encoding device, and any suitable combination thereof. The memory also provides temporary storage space for the operation of the instructions during operation. The processor is adapted to execute the stored instructions, and the processor may be a single-core processor, a multi-core processor, a computing cluster, or any number of other configurations.

[0124] At this point, those skilled in the art will recognize that, although a number of exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described in detail herein, many other variations or modifications consistent with the principles of the present invention may be directly determined or derived from the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should be understood and deemed to cover all such other variations or modifications.

Claims

1. A grid-connected control method for a distributed photovoltaic power station, characterized in that: include: Obtaining the power consumption of electrical devices; Obtaining effective power of the photovoltaic power station; When the effective power is greater than the power consumption, the photovoltaic power station is used to supply power to the power-consuming device; When the effective power is less than the power consumption, the photovoltaic power station is connected to the grid, and the power-consuming device is supplied with power by the mains electricity.

2. The grid-connected control method of a distributed photovoltaic power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of obtaining the effective amount of electricity of the photovoltaic power station includes: Obtaining the power generation of the photovoltaic power station and the power consumption of the photovoltaic power station; Obtaining the storage capacity and basic capacity of the backup battery of the photovoltaic power station; The effective power is obtained according to the difference between the power generation and the power consumption, the power storage and the basic power.

3. The grid-connected control method of a distributed photovoltaic power station according to claim 2, characterized in that: Also includes: When the difference between the power generation and the power consumption is greater than the power consumption, charging the backup battery by using the photovoltaic power station; When the backup battery is in a fully charged state, charging the grid-connected battery; The electric energy in the grid-connected battery is connected to the grid.

4. The grid-connected control method of a distributed photovoltaic power station according to claim 3, characterized in that: The photovoltaic power station comprises a first heat dissipation device, a second heat dissipation device and a third heat dissipation device, wherein the first heat dissipation device is used to dissipate heat from a first area of ​​the photovoltaic panel, the second heat dissipation device is used to dissipate heat from a second area of ​​the photovoltaic panel, and the third heat dissipation device is used to dissipate heat from a third area of ​​the photovoltaic panel; The grid connection control method further includes: Obtain a first power generation of the first area, a second power generation of the second area, and a third power generation of the third area, as well as a first power consumption of the first heat dissipation device, a second power consumption of the second heat dissipation device, and a third power consumption of the third heat dissipation device; the power generation is equal to the sum of the first power generation, the second power generation, and the third power generation, and the power consumption is equal to the sum of the first power consumption, the second power consumption, and the third power consumption.

5. The grid-connected control method of a distributed photovoltaic power station according to claim 4, characterized in that: Also includes: Acquiring an ambient temperature, and determining initial heat dissipation capacities of the first heat dissipation device, the second heat dissipation device, and the third heat dissipation device according to the ambient temperature; enabling the first heat dissipation device, the second heat dissipation device, and the third heat dissipation device to dissipate heat according to the initial heat dissipation capacity; gradually increasing the heat dissipation capacity of the first heat dissipation device within a preset time period, obtaining a difference between the first power generation and the first power consumption, and obtaining a plurality of first differences; gradually reducing the heat dissipation capacity of the second heat dissipation device within a preset time period, obtaining a difference between the second power generation and the second power consumption, and obtaining a plurality of second differences; Obtaining a maximum difference between the first difference and the second difference; The first heat dissipation device, the second heat dissipation device, and the third heat dissipation device are enabled to dissipate heat according to the heat dissipation capacity corresponding to the maximum difference.

6. The grid-connected control method of a distributed photovoltaic power station according to claim 2, characterized in that: The obtaining of the effective power according to the difference between the power generation and the power consumption, the power storage and the basic power includes: Obtaining a difference between the power generation and the power consumption, and obtaining a difference between the power storage and the basic power; When the difference between the power generation and the power consumption is less than the power consumption, the effective power is the difference between the power generation and the power consumption; After the difference between the power generation and the power consumption is greater than the power consumption, the effective power is the sum of the difference between the power generation and the power consumption and the difference between the power storage and the basic power; When the effective power amount is less than the power consumption, the effective power amount is the difference between the power generation amount and the power consumption amount.

7. A grid-connected system for a distributed photovoltaic power station, characterized in that: The system comprises a photovoltaic power station, a mains power supply, an electrical device, a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the grid connection control method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. The grid-connected system of a distributed photovoltaic power station according to claim 7, characterized in that: The photovoltaic power station comprises: a photovoltaic panel configured to generate electrical energy when receiving sunlight; a first heat dissipation device, disposed on the photovoltaic panel to dissipate heat from a first area on the photovoltaic panel; a second heat dissipation device, disposed on the photovoltaic panel to dissipate heat from a second area on the photovoltaic panel; The third heat dissipation device is arranged on the photovoltaic panel to dissipate heat from a third area on the photovoltaic panel.

9. The grid-connected system of a distributed photovoltaic power station according to claim 8, characterized in that: The first region and the second region have the same area, and a ratio between the first region and the area of ​​the photovoltaic panel is 3% to 6%.

10. The grid-connected system of a distributed photovoltaic power station according to claim 8, characterized in that: Also includes: a backup battery, the backup battery being electrically connected to the photovoltaic panel; the backup battery being configured to supply power to the first heat dissipation device, the second heat dissipation device, and the third heat dissipation device; A grid-connected battery is electrically connected to the backup battery or the photovoltaic panel.

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