Composition of matter for accelerating reaction of thermosetting monomers, oligomers and / or resins

Abstract

The present invention provides a composition of matter for accelerating the reaction of thermoset monomers, oligomers and / or resins, as well as a two-part composition, a part of which comprises the composition of matter of the present invention.

Description

Technical Background Technical Field

[0001] Compositions of matter for accelerating the reaction of thermosetting monomers, oligomers and / or resins are provided, as well as two-part compositions where one part comprises the composition of matter of the present invention. Brief description of related technologies

[0002] Two-part epoxy-based structural adhesives are known.

[0003] For example, U.S. Patent No. 8,491,749 describes and claims a two-part structural adhesive composition comprising a curable epoxy resin, an amine curing agent, a toughening agent, and a reactive liquid modifier. More specifically, in this context, the '749 patent requires that the reactive liquid modifier be (i) an acrylate functional compound selected from the group consisting of: (a) an acrylate functional compound having the general formula Y—[(O—(CO)—(CH2)5) g —O—(CO)—C(R1)=CH2] h , wherein Y is a branched or straight alkyl chain having from about 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a heteroalkyl chain having from about 1 to 10 carbon atoms; each R1 is independently H or C1-C4 alkyl; each g is independently an integer value ranging from about 1 to 35; and h is an integer value between about 1 and 22; and (b) an acrylate functional compound having the general formula Each R 1 are independently H or C1-C4 alkyl; i and j are each independently an integer value in the range of about 1 to 10; k and I are each independently an integer value of at least 1, the sum of which is in the range of about 2 to 135, (ii) an acrylamide functionalized compound, (iii) an oxalamide functionalized compound, (iv) acetoacetoxy-functionalized carbamates, (v) acetoacetoxy-functionalized polyolefins, or (vi) combinations thereof.

[0004] Additionally, U.S. Patent No. 10,280,345 relates to and claims a two-part structural adhesive. The '345 patent defines the adhesive as comprising: A) a curing agent portion comprising: i) one or more epoxy curing agents, wherein the one or more epoxy curing agents include norbornanediamine (NBDA); ii) a reaction intermediate, which is the reaction product of a liquid epoxy resin having an epoxy functionality of 2 and an excess of the epoxy curing agent; and B) an epoxy portion comprising: iii) one or more multifunctional epoxy resins having an epoxy functionality greater than 2.2. In some embodiments, the one or more epoxy curing agents further comprise 4,7,10-trioxa-1,13-tridecanediamine (TDD).

[0005] Despite the current state of the art, it remains desirable to provide alternative solutions that the manufacturing public can choose from for the specific application at hand. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Thus, provided herein, in its broadest form, is a composition of matter for accelerating the reaction of thermosetting monomers, oligomers, and / or resins. The composition of matter comprises the reaction product of (i) one or more hydrogenated bisphenol A or F epoxy resins, or cycloaliphatic epoxy resins, and (ii) a diamine-functionalized linear alkylene oxide.

[0007] In addition to the reaction product, the composition of matter may optionally include a diamine-functionalized linear alkylene oxide, the same or different diamine-functionalized linear alkylene oxides, or combinations thereof.

[0008] The diamine-functionalized linear alkylene oxide may be a polyetherdiamine, such as those derived from polyethylene oxide or polypropylene oxide.

[0009] In another aspect, a two-part curable composition is provided herein. The two-part curable composition comprises:

[0010] a Part A composition comprising a thermosetting monomer, oligomer, and / or resin component; a toughening agent component; and a filler component; and

[0011] A Part B composition comprising the reaction product of (i) one or more hydrogenated bisphenol A or F epoxy resins, or cycloaliphatic epoxy resins, and (ii) a diamine-functionalized linear alkylene oxide.

[0012] As indicated, the Part A composition of the two-part curable composition includes a toughener component, which may be a core-shell impact modifier.

[0013] The reaction product of the two-part curable composition exhibits a variety of desirable physical properties. For example, such reaction products have two or more of the following physical properties: when disposed and cured onto one or more of aluminum, titanium, or steel, an adhesive strength of about 20 MPa to about 50 MPa, a color stability DE as measured by UV resistance of 0 to 10 after 300 hours, an Izod impact strength of about 50 J / m to about 150 J / m, chemical resistance to an acid bath at a temperature of about 95° C. and a pH of about 0.1 to about 2 for a period of up to about 1 hour while maintaining at least about 70% of the initial adhesion, a Tg of about 50° C. to about 150° C., a modulus of about 1 GPa to about 3 GPa, and an elongation of about greater than 0% to about 100%. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] As described above, provided herein in its broadest form are compositions of matter for accelerating the reaction of thermosetting monomers, oligomers, and / or resins. The compositions of matter comprise the reaction product of (i) one or more hydrogenated bisphenol A or F epoxy resins, or cycloaliphatic epoxy resins, and (ii) a diamine-functionalized linear alkylene oxide.

[0015] As described above, in addition to the reaction product, the composition of matter may optionally include a diamine-functionalized linear alkylene oxide, the same or different diamine-functionalized linear alkylene oxides, or combinations thereof.

[0016] In the composition of matter, the one or more hydrogenated bisphenol A or F epoxy resins, or cycloaliphatic epoxy resins, can have a number average molecular weight between about 200 and about 700, such as about 350.

[0017] In the composition of matter, one or more hydrogenated bisphenol A or F epoxy resins, or cycloaliphatic epoxy resins should be present in an amount from about greater than 0% to about 70%, such as about 50%, and desirably about 45% by weight of the composition of matter.

[0018] In the composition of matter, the one or more hydrogenated bisphenol A or F epoxy resins, or cycloaliphatic epoxy resins are desirably hydrogenated bisphenol A epoxy resins. Commercially available examples of hydrogenated bisphenol A epoxy resins include jER YX 8000D and jER YL 983U, both from Mitsubishi Chemical, Japan.

[0019] In the composition of matter, the diamine-functionalized linear alkylene oxide can be a polyether diamine, such as those derived from polyethylene oxide or polypropylene oxide.

[0020] In the composition of matter, the diamine functionalized linear alkylene oxide can have a number average molecular weight in the range of about 150 to about 300, for example about 220.

[0021] In the composition of matter, the diamine-functionalized linear alkylene oxide can be present in an amount from about 30% to about 99% by weight of the reaction product, for example about 55% by weight.

[0022] In the composition of matter, the diamine-functionalized linear alkylene oxide can be selected from polyether diamines such as 4,7,10-trioxatridecane-1,13-diamine, 4,9-dioxadodecane-1,12-diamine, polyetheramine D-230, polyetheramine D-400, polyetheramine T-403, or 3,6-dioxaoctanediamine. Commercially available examples of these include ANCAMINE 1922A, ANCAMINE 1618, and ANCAMINE 2638, respectively; Baxxodur EC-130, Baxxodur EC-280, Baxxodur EC301, Baxxodur EC-302, and Baxxodur EC 310; and Jeffamine EDR-148, respectively from Evonik, Bayer, and Huntsman. BASF also provides diamine-functionalized linear alkylene oxides useful herein.

[0023] Among them, the material composition of the present invention can be used in one part of a two-part curable composition. For example, a two-part curable composition may comprise a part A composition and a part B composition. Typically, but not necessarily, in practice, the part A composition can be contained in one chamber of a dual-chamber cartridge suitable for distribution. In this case, the part B composition will then be contained in the other chamber. The two chambers are typically connected at an outlet or discharge hole, where the part A composition and the part B composition come into contact when mixed before being distributed onto the substrate surface. The mixing time can be extended by extruding the contents of one or both chambers more slowly or by installing a mixing nozzle on the outlet or outlet hole. The mixing nozzle not only extends the mixing time by extending the passage before the mixed composition is extruded from the barrel, but also typically includes a baffle in the mixing nozzle to improve mixing efficiency. Sulzer MixPac offers a variety of mixing nozzle designs.

[0024] More specifically, the Part A composition may include a thermosetting monomer, oligomer, and / or resin component, a toughener component, and a filler component.

[0025] Here, it is desirable that the Part A composition comprises an epoxy resin as the thermosetting monomer, oligomer and / or resin component.The epoxy resin should have a number average molecular weight of about 300 to about 700, with about 350 being ideal.

[0026] The epoxy resin can be bisphenol A or F epoxy resin, hydrogenated bisphenol A or F epoxy resin, or alicyclic epoxy resin, or a combination thereof. Preferably, the epoxy resin is bisphenol A epoxy resin or hydrogenated bisphenol A epoxy resin.

[0027] The thermosetting monomer, oligomer and / or resin component should be present in the Part A composition in an amount of about 20 to about 85 weight percent, such as about 75 weight percent, desirably about 74.5 weight percent, based on the total weight of the Part A composition.

[0028] The toughener component of the Part A composition can be a core-shell impact modifier.

[0029] When the toughener component comprises a core-shell impact modifier, the core-shell impact modifier can comprise a polymer core and at least two polymer layers surrounding the core, each layer having a different polymer composition than the other layer, and wherein at least one polymer layer comprises a polymer that is a gradient polymer, which is a copolymer composed of at least two different monomers (A) and (B) and has a gradient of repeat units arranged along the copolymer from predominantly monomer (A) to predominantly monomer (B).

[0030] When the toughener component comprises a core-shell impact modifier, the core-shell impact modifier can comprise particles having a particle size of from about 170 nm to about 350 nm and a pH of from about 6 to about 7.5, comprising a polymeric rubber core comprising at least partially cross-linked isoprene or butadiene and optionally styrene, and at least two polymeric layers, wherein at least one polymeric layer is an outermost thermoplastic shell layer having a Tg greater than about 25°C, each layer having a different polymeric composition.

[0031] When the toughener component comprises a core-shell impact modifier, the core-shell impact modifier may comprise a polymer rubber core surrounded by a polymer layer as a polymer core layer, the polymer core layer having a glass transition temperature below 0°C and a different polymer composition than the polymer rubber core, wherein the polymer core layer is present in a gradient region.

[0032] When the toughener component comprises a core-shell impact modifier, the core-shell impact modifier can comprise at least one polymer core layer and at least two polymer shell layers, the polymer core layer having a different composition than the polymer core and each shell layer, wherein each shell layer has a different polymer composition than another shell layer, and wherein at least one polymer shell layer is present in a gradient region.

[0033] When the toughener component comprises a core-shell impact modifier, the core-shell impact modifier may comprise a polymeric rubber core having a glass transition temperature of less than about -40°C.

[0034] When the toughener component comprises a core-shell impact modifier, the core-shell impact modifier may comprise a polymeric rubber core having a glass transition temperature of about -80°C to about -40°C.

[0035] When the toughener component comprises a core-shell impact modifier, the core-shell impact modifier may comprise a polymeric rubber core constructed from polybutadiene.

[0036] When the toughener component comprises a core-shell impact modifier, the core-shell impact modifier may comprise a polymeric rubber core constructed from butadiene and styrene.

[0037] When the toughener component comprises a core-shell impact modifier, the core-shell impact modifier may comprise a polymeric rubber core composed of methyl methacrylate, butadiene, and styrene.

[0038] The core-shell impact modifier should be in the form of fine particles having a rubber core and at least one thermoplastic shell, the particle size being generally less than 1 μm and advantageously between 50 nm and 500 nm, preferably between 100 nm and 400 nm, and most preferably between 150 nm and 350 nm, advantageously between 170 nm and 350 nm.

[0039] Core-shell impact modifiers can be prepared by emulsion polymerization. For example, a suitable method is a two-stage polymerization technique in which the core and shell are produced in two consecutive emulsion polymerization stages. If there are more shells, another emulsion polymerization stage is then carried out. Graft copolymers are obtained by graft polymerization of a monomer or monomer mixture containing at least an aromatic vinyl, an alkyl methacrylate or an alkyl acrylate in the presence of a latex containing a butadiene-based rubber polymer. Commercially available examples of such core-shell impact modifiers are commercially available from Arkema Inc., Cary, NC under the trade name CLEARSTRENGTH. For example, Arkema describes CLEARSTRENGTH XT100 as a methyl methacrylate-butadiene-styrene core-shell toughener that is compatible with a wide range of monomers, easily dispersed in most liquid resin systems, with limited effect on their viscosity, while providing a toughening effect over a wide range of operating temperatures.

[0040] The toughening agent component should be present in the Part A composition in an amount of about 2 wt % to about 20 wt %, such as about 10 wt %, based on the total weight of the Part A composition.

[0041] The filler component of the Part A composition may include titanium dioxide, aluminum nitride, boron nitride, silicon carbide, diamond, graphite, beryllium oxide, magnesium oxide, silicon dioxide, such as fumed silica or fused silica, aluminum oxide, perfluorinated hydrocarbon polymers (i.e., TEFLON), thermoplastic polymers, thermoplastic elastomers, mica, glass frit, etc. Ideally, the particle size of these fillers is about 20 microns or less.

[0042] For silica, the silica may have an average particle size of nanoparticle size; that is, an average particle size of about 10 9The silica nanoparticles can be pre-dispersed in the epoxy resin and can be selected from those available under the NANOCRYL brand from Nanaresins, Germany. NANOCRYL is the brand name for a line of silica nanoparticle-enhanced (meth)acrylate products. The silica phase consists of surface-modified synthetic SiO2 nanospheres with diameters less than 50 nm and an extremely narrow size distribution. The SiO2 nanospheres are agglomerated and dispersed throughout the (meth)acrylate matrix, resulting in low viscosity resins with silica contents up to 50% by weight.

[0043] The filler component should be present in an amount of about 1 to about 20 weight percent, such as about 2 weight percent, based on the total weight of the Part A composition.

[0044] The Part B composition may comprise a composition of matter of the present invention as described above.

[0045] Optional components may also be included in either or both of the Part A composition or the Part B composition. These optional components include reactive diluents, defoamers, antioxidants, UV absorbers, hindered amine light stabilizers ("HALS"), wetting agents, and / or colorants, such as dyes or pigments.

[0046] About reactive diluent, when included in the two-part curable composition of the present invention, reactive diluent is used to control the flow characteristics of the adhesive composition. Suitable diluents can have at least one reactive end portion, and preferably have a saturated or unsaturated cyclic backbone. Reactive end portions include glycidyl ethers. Examples of suitable diluents include resorcinol diglycidyl ether, cyclohexanedimethanol diglycidyl ether, neopentyl glycol diglycidyl ether and trimethylolpropane triglycidyl ether. Commercially available reactive diluents are, for example, Reactive Diluent 107 (available from Hexion Specialty Chemical, Houston, TX) and EPODIL 757 (available from Air Products and Chemical Inc., Allentown, PA).

[0047] When used, reactive diluents may be used in amounts ranging from about 0.001% to about 25% by weight of either or both of the Part A and Part B compositions.

[0048] When the Part A composition and the Part B composition are mixed together, a reaction product is formed. The reaction product is suitable for bonding two or more substrate surfaces together.

[0049] Adhesively bondable substrate surfaces include metals such as aluminum, titanium, steel, and stainless steel.

[0050] The reaction product formed should have two or more of the following physical properties: an adhesive strength of about 20 MPa to about 50 MPa when disposed and cured onto one or more of aluminum, titanium, steel, or stainless steel substrates, as determined, for example, using the protocol described in ASTM D1002-05; a color stability DE, as measured by UV resistance, of 0 to 10 after a period of about 300 hours (for example, when combined with the protocols described in ASTM D2565 for xenon arc exposure and ASTM F1515-21 for color change); an Izod impact strength of between about 50 J / m and about 150 J / m, for example, when using the protocol described in ASTM D256-23e1; a chemical resistance of at least about 70% of the initial adhesion when exposed to an acid bath at a temperature of 95°C and a pH of about 0.1 to about 2 for a period of up to about 1 hour, for example, when using the protocol described in ASTM D1002-05; a Tg of about 50°C to about 150°C, for example, when using the protocol described in ASTM The modulus is between about 1 GPa and about 3 GPa, and the elongation is between about greater than about 0% and about 100%, such as when using the protocol described in ASTM D882-09.

[0051] The following examples provide further descriptive information, which should enable one of ordinary skill in the art to practice the present invention. Example Recipe 1:

[0052] In Part A, mix together the following components in the specified amounts: ο Resin: 74.5 g jER YX 8000D ο Toughener: 10g CLEARSTRENGTH XT 100 Filler: 10 g titanium dioxide, Ti-Pure R-960 ο Filler: 2 g AEROSIL A200

[0053] In the Part B composition, the following components were mixed together in the specified amounts to form a hardener: 55.5 grams of the reaction product of ANCAMINE 1922A and 44.5 grams of jER YX 8000D; and 20 grams of VESTAMIN PACM.

[0054] When the Part A composition and the Part B composition are mixed together and dispensed onto one or more of the above substrates to be compounded, observe and record the following data: Bond Strength: -Aluminum: 30.4MPa -Titanium: 33.15MPa -Steel: 30.83MPa Color stability: DE94=1.64 after 300 hours Adhesion after chemical bath: -Aluminum before chemical bath: 28.6mPa -Aluminum after chemical bath: 20.8mPa Tg: 66℃ Young's modulus: 2.2 GPa Elongation: 11.89% Cantilever beam: 100 J / m Recipe 2:

[0055] In the Part A composition, mix together the following components in the specified amounts: ο Resin: 25.5 g jER YX 8000D ο Resin: 50g jER YL 983U ο Toughener: 10g CLEARSTRENGTH XT 100 Filler: 10 g titanium dioxide, Ti-Pure R-960 Filler: 2 g AEROSIL A200

[0056] In the Part B composition, the following components were mixed together in the specified amounts to form a hardener: 55.5 grams of the reaction product of ANCAMINE 1922A and 44.5 grams of jER YX 8000D; and 20 grams of VESTAMIN PACM.

[0057] When the Part A composition and the Part B composition are mixed together and dispensed onto one or more of the above-described substrates to be paired, observe and record the following data: Bond Strength: -Aluminum: 31MPa -Titanium: 31.78 MPa Color stability: DE94=2.04 after 300 hours Adhesion after chemical bath: -Aluminum before chemical bath: 31MPa -Aluminum after chemical bath: 26.2MPa Young's modulus: 2.4 GPa Elongation: 4.34% Cantilever beam: 94 J / m Recipe 3:

[0058] In the Part A composition, mix together the following components in the specified amounts: ο Resin: 39g jER YX 8000D ο Resin: 39 g jER YL 983U ο Toughener: 10g CLEARSTRENGTH XT 100 Filler: 10 g titanium dioxide, Ti-Pure R-960 Filler: 2 g AEROSIL A200

[0059] In the Part B composition, the following components in the specified amounts were mixed together to form a hardener: the reaction product of 55.5 grams of ANCAMINE 1922A and 44.5 grams of jER YX 8000D.

[0060] When the Part A composition and the Part B composition are mixed together and dispensed onto one or more of the above-described substrates to be paired, observe and record the following data: Bond Strength: -Aluminum: 20.5MPa -Titanium: 20.6MPa Color stability: DE94=2.52 after 300 hours Adhesion after chemical bath: -Aluminum before chemical bath: 20.5MPa -Aluminum after chemical bath: 17.5MPa Young's modulus: 2.4 GPa Elongation: 3.35% Cantilever beam: 145 J / m Recipe 4:

[0061] As a comparative formulation, in the Part A composition, the following components were mixed together in the specified amounts: ο Resin: 74.5 g jER YX 8000D ο Toughener: 10g CLEARSTRENGTH XT 100 ο Filler: 10 g titanium dioxide, Ti-pure R-960 ο Filler: 2 g AEROSIL A200

[0062] In Part B, the following components in the specified amounts were mixed together to form a hardener: 20 grams ANCAMINE 1618, 42 grams Priamine 1075 (from Croda), 15 grams ANCAMINE 1922A.

[0063] When the Part A composition and the Part B composition are mixed together and dispensed onto one or more of the above-described substrates to be paired, observe and record the following data: Bond Strength: -Aluminum: 12.15MPa -Titanium: 11.09 MPa -Steel: 14.51 MPa Color stability: DE94=0.36 after 300 hours Young's modulus: 1.6GPa Elongation: 8.7%.

Claims

1. A composition of matter for accelerating the reaction of thermosetting monomers, oligomers and / or resins comprising the reaction product of (i) one or more hydrogenated bisphenol A or F epoxy resins, or cycloaliphatic epoxy resins, and (ii) a diamine-functionalized linear alkylene oxide.

2. The composition of matter of claim 1, wherein the one or more hydrogenated bisphenol A or F epoxy resins, or cycloaliphatic epoxy resins have a number average molecular weight of about 200 to about 700.

3. The composition of matter of claim 1 , wherein the one or more hydrogenated bisphenol A or F epoxy resins, or cycloaliphatic epoxy resins are present in an amount from about 10% to about 30% by weight of the composition of matter.

4. The composition of matter of claim 1, wherein the one or more hydrogenated bisphenol A or F epoxy resins, or cycloaliphatic epoxy resins are hydrogenated bisphenol A epoxy resins.

5. The composition of matter of claim 1 wherein the one or more hydrogenated bisphenol A or F epoxy resins, or cycloaliphatic epoxy resins are present in an amount greater than 0% and up to about 70% by weight of the reaction product.

6. The composition of matter of claim 1, wherein the diamine-functionalized linear alkylene oxide has a number average molecular weight in the range of about 150 to about 300.

7. The composition of matter of claim 1 wherein the diamine functionalized linear alkylene oxide is present in an amount from 30% to 99% by weight of the reaction product.

8. The composition of matter of claim 1 , wherein the diamine-functionalized linear alkylene oxide is selected from the group consisting of 4,7,10-trioxatridecane-1,13-diamine, 4,9-dioxadodecane-1,12-diamine, polyetheramine D-230, polyetheramine D-400, polyetheramine T-403, and 3,6-dioxaoctanediamine.

9. The composition of matter of claim 1 wherein the diamine functionalized linear alkylene oxide is a polyether diamine.

10. The composition of matter of claim 1 wherein the diamine functionalized linear alkylene oxide is a polyether diamine derived from polyethylene oxide or polypropylene oxide.

11. The composition of matter of claim 1 , wherein the reaction product is an epoxy amine adduct.

12. A two-component curable composition comprising: Part A composition comprising a thermosetting monomer, oligomer and / or resin component; a toughening agent component; and a filler component; and Part B is a composition comprising the composition of matter of claim 1.

13. The composition of claim 12, wherein the thermosetting monomer, oligomer and / or resin component is an epoxy resin.

14. The composition of claim 12, wherein the thermosetting monomer, oligomer and / or resin component is an epoxy resin having a number average molecular weight of about 300 to about 700.

15. The composition of claim 12, wherein the thermosetting monomer, oligomer and / or resin component is a bisphenol A or F epoxy resin.

16. The composition of claim 12, wherein the thermosetting monomer, oligomer and / or resin component is a hydrogenated bisphenol A or F epoxy resin.

17. The composition of claim 12, wherein the thermosetting monomer, oligomer and / or resin component is a cycloaliphatic epoxy resin.

18. The composition according to claim 12, wherein The thermosetting monomer, oligomer and / or resin component is present in an amount of about 70 wt % to about 85 wt % based on the total weight of the Part A composition.

19. The composition of claim 12, wherein the toughener component is a core-shell impact modifier.

20. The composition of claim 12, wherein the toughener component is a core-shell impact modifier comprising a polymeric core and at least two polymeric layers surrounding the core, each layer having a different polymeric composition than the other layer, and wherein at least one polymeric layer comprises a polymer that is a gradient polymer composed of at least two different monomers (A) and (B) and having a gradient of repeat units arranged along the copolymer from predominantly monomer (A) to predominantly monomer (B).

21. The composition of claim 12 wherein the toughener component is a core-shell impact modifier comprising particles having a particle size of from about 170 nm to about 350 nm and a pH of from about 6 to about 7.5, the particles comprising a polymeric rubber core comprising at least partially cross-linked isoprene or butadiene and optionally styrene, and at least two polymeric layers, at least one of which is an outermost thermoplastic shell having a Tg greater than about 25°C, each layer having a different polymeric composition.

22. The composition of claim 12, wherein the toughener component is a core-shell impact modifier comprising a polymer rubber core surrounded by a polymer layer, the polymer layer being a polymer core layer having a glass transition temperature below 0°C and having a different polymer composition than the polymer rubber core, wherein the polymer core layer is present in a gradient region.

23. The composition of claim 12, wherein the toughener component is a core-shell impact modifier comprising at least one polymer core layer and at least two polymer shell layers, the polymer core layer having a different composition than the polymer core and each shell layer, wherein each shell layer has a different polymer composition than another shell layer, and wherein at least one polymer shell layer is present in a gradient region.

24. The composition of claim 12, wherein the toughener component is a core-shell impact modifier comprising a polymeric rubber core having a glass transition temperature of less than about -40°C.

25. The composition of claim 12, wherein the toughener component is a core-shell impact modifier comprising a polymeric rubber core having a glass transition temperature of about -80°C to about -40°C.

26. The composition of claim 12, wherein the toughener component is a core-shell impact modifier comprising a polymeric rubber core comprised of polybutadiene.

27. The composition of claim 12, wherein the toughener component is a core-shell impact modifier comprising a polymeric rubber core composed of butadiene and styrene.

28. The composition of claim 12, wherein the toughener component is a core-shell impact modifier comprising a polymeric rubber core composed of methyl methacrylate, butadiene, and styrene.

29. The composition of claim 12, wherein the toughening agent component is a core-shell impact modifier present in an amount of from about 2 wt% to about 20 wt% based on the total weight of the Part A composition.

30. The composition of claim 12, wherein the filler component comprises titanium dioxide, silicon dioxide, and combinations thereof.

31. The composition according to claim 12, wherein The filler component is present in an amount of about 1 wt % to about 20 wt % based on the total weight of the Part A composition.

32. The reaction product of the composition of claim 12.

33. The reaction product of claim 12, having two or more of the following physical properties: When disposed and cured on one or more of aluminum, titanium, or steel, the adhesive strength is between about 20 MPa and about 50 MPa, the color stability DE as measured by UV resistance is between 0 and 10 after 300 hours, the Izod impact strength is between about 50 J / m and about 150 J / m, the chemical resistance is between about 1 hour in a 95°C acid bath having a pH of about 0.1 to about 2 while maintaining at least about 70% of the initial adhesion, the Tg is between about 50°C and about 150°C, the modulus is between about 1 GPa and about 3 GPa, and the elongation is between about greater than 0% and about 100%.

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